Horace in the English
Literature
of the Eighteenth Century.
Cambridge History of English Literature - 1908 - v10
chapter 11.
Fielding and Smollett.
Under Fielding :
Cross, W. L. The History of Henry Fielding. 3 vols. Yale and Oxford, 1919.
Fielding, H. Selected Essays. Ed. Gerould, G. H. Boston, 1905.
Dobson, A. , Fielding and Andrew Millar. The Library. July 1916.
Wells, J. E. Fielding's Champion and Captain Hercules Vinegar. Mod. Lang. Rev
April 1913.
Some New Facts concerning Fielding's Tumble-Down Dick and Pasquin. Mod.
Lang. Notes (Baltimore). May 1913.
>
## p. ii (#12) ##############################################
Wells, J. E. Fielding's Political Purpose in Jonathan Wild. Pab. Mod. Lang. Ask.
America. March 1913.
Under Smollett :
Works. 6 vols. 1904.
Henderson, Andrew. A Second Letter to Dr Samuel Johnson. . . with an impartial
character of Doctor Smollet. n. d. [1775).
pp. 421 ff. chapter 111. Sterne, and the Novel of his Times.
Under Sterne:
Melville, Lewis. Sterne's Eliza. In Some Eccentrics and a Woman. 1911.
Paul, H. Sterne, In Man and Letters. 1901.
Under William Beckford:
The History of the Caliph Vathek. Ed. Ross, E. Denison. 1901.
The Episodes of Vathek. Translated by Sir Frank T. Marzials. With an Introduction
by Lewis Melville. 1912.
Melville, Lewis. William Beckford of Fonthill Abbey. In Some Eccentrics and a
Woman. 1911.
Under Frances Burney:
Saintsbury, G. In Essays on English Literature 1780–1860. 2nd Series. 1895.
Under Henry Mackenzie:
Kluge, J. Henry Mackenzie. Sein Leben und seine Werke. Anglia, XXXIV. Halle,
1911.
pp. 450–1, chapter vi. Gray.
Essays and Criticisms. Ed. Northup, C. S. Boston and London, n. d. [1909].
Phelps, W. L. (ed. ). Gray's Poetry and Prose (selections). Boston, 1894.
Thomas Gray. Poems. Ed. Poole, Austin Lane. Oxford, 1917.
Cook, Albert S. (ed. ). A Concordance to the English Poems of Thomas Gray. Boston
and New York, 1908.
Elwin, W. Some Eighteenth Century Men of Letters. Vol. 11. 1902.
Farley's Scandinavian Influences. 1903.
Lowell, J. R. Latest Literary Essays. 1891.
Northup, C. 8. In Notes and Queries. 1911.
Warren, Sir T. H. Gray and Dante in Essays of Poets and Poetry, Ancient and Modern.
1909.
Shelley, H. C. Edward Young, Life and Letters of. 1914.
pp. 451 ff. chapter vii. Young, Collins and Lesser Poets of the Age of Johnson.
William Collins. Poems. Ed. Stone, Christopher, and Poole, Austin Lane. Oxford,
1917.
pp. 459 ff. chapter VIII. Johnson and Boswell.
Under Johnson:
Dobson, Austin. A Garret in Gough Square. Eighteenth Century Vignettes, 1st series.
1892.
Rosebery, Lord. Address at Lichfield. 1909 (printed in the bicentenary report).
Saintsbury, G. The Peace of the Augustans. A survey of 18th century literature as
a place of rest and refreshment. 1916.
[Swift, Pope, Johnson, Goldsmith and others. ]
Stephen, Leslie. Johnsoniana, in Studies of a Biographer. Vol. 1. 1898.
pp. 484 ff. chapter x. The Literary Influence of the Middle Ages.
Under Thomas Chatterton:
Clarko, Sir Ernest. New Lights on Chatterton. Bibliographical Society (read, 21. xi.
1914; published, 1916).
## p. iii (#13) #############################################
Under Thomas Percy :
Dobson, A. Percy and Goldsmith. In Old Kensington Palace. 1910.
Percy had a copious correspondence with literary men of his time. Practically the
whole of the 856 pages of vol. 11 (1848) and 436 pages of vol. VIII (1858) of Nichols's
Illustrations of the Literary History of the 18th century are occupied by letters to and
from Percy, his correspondents including George Steevens, Dr Grainger, James Boswell,
Michael Lort, Dr Thomas Birch, Archdeacon Nares, Dr Thomas Campbell, the Moira
family, John Nichols and John Pinkerton.
Under Anna Seward :
Lucas, E. V. A Swan and her Friends. 1907.
pp. 493 ff. chapter xi. Letter-writers.
Under Sir Joshua Reynolds :
Phillips, Claude. Sir Joshua Reynolds. n. d. (1893).
Under Philip Dormer Stanhope, fourth Earl of Chesterfield:
Collins, J. C. In Essays and Studies. 1895.
Under Horace Walpole, fourth earl of Orford:
Two Supplementary Volumes of Letters were added to the Paget Toynbee edn. Oxford,
1919.
Goad, Caroline.
Horace in the English Literature of the Eighteenth Century. Yale
and Oxford, 1918.
[Contains a valuable appendix of instances of indebtedness to Horace in 18th
century English writings-Rowe, Addison, Steele, Prior, Gay, Pope, Swift,
Fielding, Richardson, Sterne, Smollett, Johnson, Chesterfield, Walpole. ]
Stephen, Sir Leslie. In Hours in a Library. Vol. 1874.
Under Gilbert White:
Jardine, Sir W. and Jesse, E. (ed. ). 1841.
pp. 506 ff, chapter XIII. Historians 11.
Under Edward Gibbon:
Stephen, Sir L. Gibbon's Autobiography in Studies of a Biographer. Vol. 1. 1898.
pp. 515 ff. chapter xy. Divines.
Alban Butler (1711-1773)
The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and other principal Saints; compiled from
original monuments and other authentick records ; illustrated with the remarks of
judicious modern criticks and historians. 4 vols. 1756-9. 12 vols. Dublin,
1779–80; 12 vols. Edinburgh, 1798-1800; etc.
Richard Challoner (1691-1781)
The Garden of the Soul. 6. 1740 and numerous edns.
Memoirs of Missionary Priests, as well secular as regular, and of other catholics of
both sexes that have suffered death in England, on religious accounts, from the
year of our Lord 1577 to 1684. 2 vols. 1741-2 and later edns.
The Rheims New Testament and the Douay Bible, with annotations. 5 vols. 1749–50
and several later edns.
pp. 518 ff. chapter xvi. The Literature of Dissent, 1660-1760.
Dissenting Academies in England. Cambridge, 1915.
pp. 522 ff. chapter xvII. Political Literature (1755-75).
Bleackley, Horace. Life of John Wilkes. 1917.
Parker,
## p. iv (#14) ##############################################
## p. v (#15) ###############################################
PREFATORY NOTE
THE
THE late Mr D. C. Tovey's chapter on Gray, as well as the
accompanying bibliography, reached us a very short time
before his lamented death; and the proofs were not seen by him.
Mr Tovey's contribution to this History represents his last labour
upon a subject which he had gradually made his own, and with
which his name will always be associated in the minds of all lovers
of English literature, and especially of members of his own and
Gray's university.
We have to thank Mr A. T. Bartholomew, of Peterhouse and
the University Library, for contributing to this volume the
bibliographies to which his initials are appended, and for other
assistance chiefly of a bibliographical nature.
A. W. W.
A. R. W.
July 1913
152899
## p. vi (#16) ##############################################
## p. vii (#17) #############################################
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
RICHARDSON
By L. CAZAMIAN, Maitre de Conférences at the
Sorbonne, Paris
PAGE
:
Antecedents of the change introduced by Richardson into the history
of the English Novel. Richardson's life before 1741. Pamela:
its qualities and extraordinary success. Continuation, Stage
adaptation and Parody. Fielding and Richardson. Clarissa :
its unique place among its author's works; its Sentimentalism.
Sir Charles Grandison: its shortcomings and its psychological
value. Richardson's later years and death. Decline of his popu-
larity. Limitations of his art. His momentous influence upon
English and European Literature. His literary descendants. His
influence upon French Literature and national sentiment: Prévost,
Voltaire, Diderot. Richardson and Rousseau. His influence in
Germany: Gellert, Wieland, Klopstock and Goethe. Dutch and
Italian reproductions
1
CHAPTER II
FIELDING AND SMOLLETT
By HAROLD CHILD, sometime Scholar of Brasenose
College, Oxford
Fielding and Smollett compared. Fielding's descent and earlier life.
His first and subsequent Plays. His Farces and cognate Dramatic
Pieces. His marriage. Pasquin and The Historical Register.
Journalistic work: The Champion. Joseph Andrews and Pamela.
The character of Parson Adams. Fielding and Cervantes. Miscel-
lanies. Jonathan Wild. Political Journalism: The True Patriot
and The Jacobite's Journal. Magisterial work and humane efforts.
Tom Jones. The morality and the realism of the book: the author's
openness of soul. Further pamphlets on social reform. Amelia:
its distinctive charm. The Covent Garden Journal. Fielding
seriously ill. His journey to Lisbon, and his posthumous account
of it. His death.
Smollett's parentage and early training as a surgeon. His arrival in
London, with The Regicide in his pocket. His stay in the West
Indies. Satirical and other verse. Roderick Random and the
Picaresque Novel. Ferdinand Count Fathom. The Critical Re-
view; Historical and Miscellaneous work. Sir Launcelot Greaves.
Travels through France and Italy. Humphrey Clinker. Smollett's
last journey and death. Final comparison between the literary
achievements and influence of Fielding and Smollett
20
## p. viii (#18) ############################################
viii
Contents
CHAPTER III
STERNE, AND THE NOVEL OF HIS TIMES
By C. E. VAUGHAN, M. A. , Balliol College, Oxford, Pro-
fessor of English Literature in the University of
Leeds
PAGE
:
New elements in the English Novel of the period from 1760 to 1780:
Personality, Emotion and Sentiment. Preeminence of Sterne.
His life. Tristram Shandy and its success. Fiction as the vehicle
of the Novelist's idiosyncrasy. Sterne as the Liberator of the Novel.
His Humour the groundwork of his Characters. Tristram Shandy
and Don Quixote. Sterne's artificiality and pruriency. Nature of
his Sentimentalism. Henry Mackenzie: The Man of Feeling;
The Man of the World; Julia de Roubigné. Henry Brooke:
The Fool of Quality. Horace Walpole's Castle of Otranto and
Clara Reeve's Old English Baron. Fanny Burney as a Novelist :
Evelina; Cecilia; Camilla; The Wanderer. Spontaneity a
leading characteristic of these Novels. Proof of this in the Diary
of Mme d’Arblay. Her best qualities as surviving in her later
stories
46
CHAPTER IV
THE DRAMA AND THE STAGE
By GEORGE HENRY NETTLETON, Ph. D. , Assistant Professor
of English in Yale University
Significance of the term 'The Eighteenth Century English Drama. '
Queen Anne's reign a period of transition in English Dramatic
History. Cibber, Steele and Rowe. Sentimental Comedy in
England and on the Continent. French Classical and Native
influences upon English Eighteenth Century Drama. Law's In-
vective. New developments: Pantomime and Ballad Opera: John
Rich. The Beggar's Opera. Mrs Centlivre. Young, Hughes and
Thomson. Lillo and Prose Domestic Tragedy: George Barnwell.
Lillo's Morality. Fatal Curiosity. Other works by Lillo. His
influence upon French and German Dramatic Literature. Diderot
and Lessing. Edward Moore's Gamester. Voltaire and the
English Drama. English versions of his Plays. Voltaire and
Shakespeare. Fielding and Burlesque. Stage Political Satire
and the Licensing Act of 1737. The Novel and the Theatre.
Garrick and Shakespeare. Other Plays of the Garrick Era.
Whitehead. Home's Douglas. Foote's Comic Mimicry. His
Farces. Townley and Murphy. George Colman the Elder: The
Jealous Wife and The Clandestine Marriage. Kelly. The Re-
action against Sentimental Comedy
67
## p. ix (#19) ##############################################
Contents
ix
CHAPTER V
THOMSON AND NATURAL DESCRIPTION IN POETRY
By A. HAMILTON THOMPSON, M. A. , F. S. A. , St John's College
PAGB
:
Relations of Thomson's Poetry to the tendencies of the age. His
life and literary career. The Seasons. Influence of Milton.
Thomson's interest in Nature. Nature pictures in The Seasons,
and the Human Element in these pictures. Thomson's objective
attitude towards Nature. His frequent vagueness of Description,
and striking Incidental Digressions. Patriotic Reflections:
Britannia and Liberty. The Castle of Indolence, its points of
contact with Spenser, and the commonplace character of its Alle-
gory. Thomson's Dramatic Work, from Sophonisba to Corio-
lanus. Influence of Thomson on the younger generation of
poets. Somervile's Chace and other Poems. Jago's Edge-Hill.
Lyttelton's Dialogues of the Dead and other Writings .
93
CHAPTER VI
GRAY
By the late Rey. DUNCAN C. TOVEY, M. A. , Trinity College
Gray's family and life. His friends at Eton and Cambridge.
Under Fielding :
Cross, W. L. The History of Henry Fielding. 3 vols. Yale and Oxford, 1919.
Fielding, H. Selected Essays. Ed. Gerould, G. H. Boston, 1905.
Dobson, A. , Fielding and Andrew Millar. The Library. July 1916.
Wells, J. E. Fielding's Champion and Captain Hercules Vinegar. Mod. Lang. Rev
April 1913.
Some New Facts concerning Fielding's Tumble-Down Dick and Pasquin. Mod.
Lang. Notes (Baltimore). May 1913.
>
## p. ii (#12) ##############################################
Wells, J. E. Fielding's Political Purpose in Jonathan Wild. Pab. Mod. Lang. Ask.
America. March 1913.
Under Smollett :
Works. 6 vols. 1904.
Henderson, Andrew. A Second Letter to Dr Samuel Johnson. . . with an impartial
character of Doctor Smollet. n. d. [1775).
pp. 421 ff. chapter 111. Sterne, and the Novel of his Times.
Under Sterne:
Melville, Lewis. Sterne's Eliza. In Some Eccentrics and a Woman. 1911.
Paul, H. Sterne, In Man and Letters. 1901.
Under William Beckford:
The History of the Caliph Vathek. Ed. Ross, E. Denison. 1901.
The Episodes of Vathek. Translated by Sir Frank T. Marzials. With an Introduction
by Lewis Melville. 1912.
Melville, Lewis. William Beckford of Fonthill Abbey. In Some Eccentrics and a
Woman. 1911.
Under Frances Burney:
Saintsbury, G. In Essays on English Literature 1780–1860. 2nd Series. 1895.
Under Henry Mackenzie:
Kluge, J. Henry Mackenzie. Sein Leben und seine Werke. Anglia, XXXIV. Halle,
1911.
pp. 450–1, chapter vi. Gray.
Essays and Criticisms. Ed. Northup, C. S. Boston and London, n. d. [1909].
Phelps, W. L. (ed. ). Gray's Poetry and Prose (selections). Boston, 1894.
Thomas Gray. Poems. Ed. Poole, Austin Lane. Oxford, 1917.
Cook, Albert S. (ed. ). A Concordance to the English Poems of Thomas Gray. Boston
and New York, 1908.
Elwin, W. Some Eighteenth Century Men of Letters. Vol. 11. 1902.
Farley's Scandinavian Influences. 1903.
Lowell, J. R. Latest Literary Essays. 1891.
Northup, C. 8. In Notes and Queries. 1911.
Warren, Sir T. H. Gray and Dante in Essays of Poets and Poetry, Ancient and Modern.
1909.
Shelley, H. C. Edward Young, Life and Letters of. 1914.
pp. 451 ff. chapter vii. Young, Collins and Lesser Poets of the Age of Johnson.
William Collins. Poems. Ed. Stone, Christopher, and Poole, Austin Lane. Oxford,
1917.
pp. 459 ff. chapter VIII. Johnson and Boswell.
Under Johnson:
Dobson, Austin. A Garret in Gough Square. Eighteenth Century Vignettes, 1st series.
1892.
Rosebery, Lord. Address at Lichfield. 1909 (printed in the bicentenary report).
Saintsbury, G. The Peace of the Augustans. A survey of 18th century literature as
a place of rest and refreshment. 1916.
[Swift, Pope, Johnson, Goldsmith and others. ]
Stephen, Leslie. Johnsoniana, in Studies of a Biographer. Vol. 1. 1898.
pp. 484 ff. chapter x. The Literary Influence of the Middle Ages.
Under Thomas Chatterton:
Clarko, Sir Ernest. New Lights on Chatterton. Bibliographical Society (read, 21. xi.
1914; published, 1916).
## p. iii (#13) #############################################
Under Thomas Percy :
Dobson, A. Percy and Goldsmith. In Old Kensington Palace. 1910.
Percy had a copious correspondence with literary men of his time. Practically the
whole of the 856 pages of vol. 11 (1848) and 436 pages of vol. VIII (1858) of Nichols's
Illustrations of the Literary History of the 18th century are occupied by letters to and
from Percy, his correspondents including George Steevens, Dr Grainger, James Boswell,
Michael Lort, Dr Thomas Birch, Archdeacon Nares, Dr Thomas Campbell, the Moira
family, John Nichols and John Pinkerton.
Under Anna Seward :
Lucas, E. V. A Swan and her Friends. 1907.
pp. 493 ff. chapter xi. Letter-writers.
Under Sir Joshua Reynolds :
Phillips, Claude. Sir Joshua Reynolds. n. d. (1893).
Under Philip Dormer Stanhope, fourth Earl of Chesterfield:
Collins, J. C. In Essays and Studies. 1895.
Under Horace Walpole, fourth earl of Orford:
Two Supplementary Volumes of Letters were added to the Paget Toynbee edn. Oxford,
1919.
Goad, Caroline.
Horace in the English Literature of the Eighteenth Century. Yale
and Oxford, 1918.
[Contains a valuable appendix of instances of indebtedness to Horace in 18th
century English writings-Rowe, Addison, Steele, Prior, Gay, Pope, Swift,
Fielding, Richardson, Sterne, Smollett, Johnson, Chesterfield, Walpole. ]
Stephen, Sir Leslie. In Hours in a Library. Vol. 1874.
Under Gilbert White:
Jardine, Sir W. and Jesse, E. (ed. ). 1841.
pp. 506 ff, chapter XIII. Historians 11.
Under Edward Gibbon:
Stephen, Sir L. Gibbon's Autobiography in Studies of a Biographer. Vol. 1. 1898.
pp. 515 ff. chapter xy. Divines.
Alban Butler (1711-1773)
The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and other principal Saints; compiled from
original monuments and other authentick records ; illustrated with the remarks of
judicious modern criticks and historians. 4 vols. 1756-9. 12 vols. Dublin,
1779–80; 12 vols. Edinburgh, 1798-1800; etc.
Richard Challoner (1691-1781)
The Garden of the Soul. 6. 1740 and numerous edns.
Memoirs of Missionary Priests, as well secular as regular, and of other catholics of
both sexes that have suffered death in England, on religious accounts, from the
year of our Lord 1577 to 1684. 2 vols. 1741-2 and later edns.
The Rheims New Testament and the Douay Bible, with annotations. 5 vols. 1749–50
and several later edns.
pp. 518 ff. chapter xvi. The Literature of Dissent, 1660-1760.
Dissenting Academies in England. Cambridge, 1915.
pp. 522 ff. chapter xvII. Political Literature (1755-75).
Bleackley, Horace. Life of John Wilkes. 1917.
Parker,
## p. iv (#14) ##############################################
## p. v (#15) ###############################################
PREFATORY NOTE
THE
THE late Mr D. C. Tovey's chapter on Gray, as well as the
accompanying bibliography, reached us a very short time
before his lamented death; and the proofs were not seen by him.
Mr Tovey's contribution to this History represents his last labour
upon a subject which he had gradually made his own, and with
which his name will always be associated in the minds of all lovers
of English literature, and especially of members of his own and
Gray's university.
We have to thank Mr A. T. Bartholomew, of Peterhouse and
the University Library, for contributing to this volume the
bibliographies to which his initials are appended, and for other
assistance chiefly of a bibliographical nature.
A. W. W.
A. R. W.
July 1913
152899
## p. vi (#16) ##############################################
## p. vii (#17) #############################################
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
RICHARDSON
By L. CAZAMIAN, Maitre de Conférences at the
Sorbonne, Paris
PAGE
:
Antecedents of the change introduced by Richardson into the history
of the English Novel. Richardson's life before 1741. Pamela:
its qualities and extraordinary success. Continuation, Stage
adaptation and Parody. Fielding and Richardson. Clarissa :
its unique place among its author's works; its Sentimentalism.
Sir Charles Grandison: its shortcomings and its psychological
value. Richardson's later years and death. Decline of his popu-
larity. Limitations of his art. His momentous influence upon
English and European Literature. His literary descendants. His
influence upon French Literature and national sentiment: Prévost,
Voltaire, Diderot. Richardson and Rousseau. His influence in
Germany: Gellert, Wieland, Klopstock and Goethe. Dutch and
Italian reproductions
1
CHAPTER II
FIELDING AND SMOLLETT
By HAROLD CHILD, sometime Scholar of Brasenose
College, Oxford
Fielding and Smollett compared. Fielding's descent and earlier life.
His first and subsequent Plays. His Farces and cognate Dramatic
Pieces. His marriage. Pasquin and The Historical Register.
Journalistic work: The Champion. Joseph Andrews and Pamela.
The character of Parson Adams. Fielding and Cervantes. Miscel-
lanies. Jonathan Wild. Political Journalism: The True Patriot
and The Jacobite's Journal. Magisterial work and humane efforts.
Tom Jones. The morality and the realism of the book: the author's
openness of soul. Further pamphlets on social reform. Amelia:
its distinctive charm. The Covent Garden Journal. Fielding
seriously ill. His journey to Lisbon, and his posthumous account
of it. His death.
Smollett's parentage and early training as a surgeon. His arrival in
London, with The Regicide in his pocket. His stay in the West
Indies. Satirical and other verse. Roderick Random and the
Picaresque Novel. Ferdinand Count Fathom. The Critical Re-
view; Historical and Miscellaneous work. Sir Launcelot Greaves.
Travels through France and Italy. Humphrey Clinker. Smollett's
last journey and death. Final comparison between the literary
achievements and influence of Fielding and Smollett
20
## p. viii (#18) ############################################
viii
Contents
CHAPTER III
STERNE, AND THE NOVEL OF HIS TIMES
By C. E. VAUGHAN, M. A. , Balliol College, Oxford, Pro-
fessor of English Literature in the University of
Leeds
PAGE
:
New elements in the English Novel of the period from 1760 to 1780:
Personality, Emotion and Sentiment. Preeminence of Sterne.
His life. Tristram Shandy and its success. Fiction as the vehicle
of the Novelist's idiosyncrasy. Sterne as the Liberator of the Novel.
His Humour the groundwork of his Characters. Tristram Shandy
and Don Quixote. Sterne's artificiality and pruriency. Nature of
his Sentimentalism. Henry Mackenzie: The Man of Feeling;
The Man of the World; Julia de Roubigné. Henry Brooke:
The Fool of Quality. Horace Walpole's Castle of Otranto and
Clara Reeve's Old English Baron. Fanny Burney as a Novelist :
Evelina; Cecilia; Camilla; The Wanderer. Spontaneity a
leading characteristic of these Novels. Proof of this in the Diary
of Mme d’Arblay. Her best qualities as surviving in her later
stories
46
CHAPTER IV
THE DRAMA AND THE STAGE
By GEORGE HENRY NETTLETON, Ph. D. , Assistant Professor
of English in Yale University
Significance of the term 'The Eighteenth Century English Drama. '
Queen Anne's reign a period of transition in English Dramatic
History. Cibber, Steele and Rowe. Sentimental Comedy in
England and on the Continent. French Classical and Native
influences upon English Eighteenth Century Drama. Law's In-
vective. New developments: Pantomime and Ballad Opera: John
Rich. The Beggar's Opera. Mrs Centlivre. Young, Hughes and
Thomson. Lillo and Prose Domestic Tragedy: George Barnwell.
Lillo's Morality. Fatal Curiosity. Other works by Lillo. His
influence upon French and German Dramatic Literature. Diderot
and Lessing. Edward Moore's Gamester. Voltaire and the
English Drama. English versions of his Plays. Voltaire and
Shakespeare. Fielding and Burlesque. Stage Political Satire
and the Licensing Act of 1737. The Novel and the Theatre.
Garrick and Shakespeare. Other Plays of the Garrick Era.
Whitehead. Home's Douglas. Foote's Comic Mimicry. His
Farces. Townley and Murphy. George Colman the Elder: The
Jealous Wife and The Clandestine Marriage. Kelly. The Re-
action against Sentimental Comedy
67
## p. ix (#19) ##############################################
Contents
ix
CHAPTER V
THOMSON AND NATURAL DESCRIPTION IN POETRY
By A. HAMILTON THOMPSON, M. A. , F. S. A. , St John's College
PAGB
:
Relations of Thomson's Poetry to the tendencies of the age. His
life and literary career. The Seasons. Influence of Milton.
Thomson's interest in Nature. Nature pictures in The Seasons,
and the Human Element in these pictures. Thomson's objective
attitude towards Nature. His frequent vagueness of Description,
and striking Incidental Digressions. Patriotic Reflections:
Britannia and Liberty. The Castle of Indolence, its points of
contact with Spenser, and the commonplace character of its Alle-
gory. Thomson's Dramatic Work, from Sophonisba to Corio-
lanus. Influence of Thomson on the younger generation of
poets. Somervile's Chace and other Poems. Jago's Edge-Hill.
Lyttelton's Dialogues of the Dead and other Writings .
93
CHAPTER VI
GRAY
By the late Rey. DUNCAN C. TOVEY, M. A. , Trinity College
Gray's family and life. His friends at Eton and Cambridge.
