315, he
shade which Apollodorus produced by the use of invaded Arcadia, and got possession of the town of
the pencil.
shade which Apollodorus produced by the use of invaded Arcadia, and got possession of the town of
the pencil.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
) For 24.
Surnamed PYRAGRUS, one of the most influ.
further information respecting Apollodorus and his ential citizens of the town of Agyrium in Sicily,
writings, see Fabricius, Bid. Gr. ir. pp. 287—who gave his evidence against the praetor Verres.
299; C. and Th. Müller, pp. xxxviii. —xlv. (Cic. in Verr. ii. 31, iv. 23. )
18. Of LEMNOS, a writer on agriculture, who 25. Governor of Susiana, was appointed to this
lived previous to the time of Aristotle (Polit. i. 4, office by Antiochus III. after the rebellion of Molo
p. 21, ed. Göttling. ) He is mentioned by Varro and his brother Alexander had been put down, in
(De Re Rust. i 1), and by Plipy. (Elench. ad B. C. 220. (Polyb. v. 54; comp. ALEXANDER,
Wb. vüi. x. xiv. xv. xvii. and xviii. )
brother of Molo. )
19. Surnamed Logisticus, appears to have been 26. Of Tarsus, a tragic poet, of whom Suidas
a mathematician, if as is usually supposed, he is and Eudocia (p. 61) mention six tragedies; but
the same as the one who is called åp. ountikos. nothing further is known about him. There is an-
(Diog. Laërt. i. 25, viii. 12; Athen. I. p. 418. ) other Apollodorus of Tarsus, who was probably a
Whether he is the same as the Apollodotus of grammarian, and wrote commentaries on the early
whom Plutarch (Non posse viri secund. Epic. p. dramatic writers of Greece. (Schol. ad Eurip. Med.
1094) quotes two lines, is not quite certain. 148, 169; Schol. ad Aristoph. Ran. 323, Plut. 535. )
20. A MACEDONIAN, and secretary to king 27. Of TELMESSUS, is called by Artemidorus
Philip V. He and another scribe of the name of (Oneirocr. i. 82) an dvnp en doymuos, and seems to
Demosthenes accompanied the king to the colloquy have written a work on dreams.
at Nicaea, on the Maliac gulf, with T. Quinctius There are a few more persons of the name of
Flamininus, in B. c. 198. (Polyb. xvii. 1, 8. ) Apollodorus, who are mentioned in ancient writers,
21. Of NICARA. Nothing is known about him but nothing is known about them beyond their
except that Stephanus Byzantius (s. v. Nikaia) men-
A list of nearly all of them is given by
tions him among the distinguished persons of that Fabricius. (Bibl. Gr. iv. p. 299, &c. ) [L. S. )
APOLLODO’RUS, artists. l. a painter, a na-
22. Of PERGAMUS, a Greek rhetorician, was the tive of Athens, flourished about 408, B. C. With him
author of a school of rhetoric called after him 'Aton. commences a new period in the history of the art.
λοδωρειος αίρεσις, which was subsequently opposed | He gave a drainatic effect to the essential forms of
by the school established by Theodorus of Gadara Polygnotus, without actually departing from them as
(Orodúpelos alperis. ) In his advanced age Apollo- models, by adding to them a representation of
per
dorus taught rhetoric at Apollonia, and here young sons and objects as they really exist, not, however,
Octavianus (Augustus) was one of his pupils and individually, but in classes : " primus species ex-
became his friend. (Strab. xiii. p. 625; Sueton. primere instituit. ” (Plin. xxxv. 36. $ 1. ). This
Aug. 89. ) Strabo ascribes to him scientific works feature in the works of Apollodorus is thus ex-
(Téxvas) on rhetoric, but Quintilian (iii. 1. $ 18, plained by Fuseli (Lect. i. ):-“ The acuteness of
comp. $ 1) on the authority of Apollodorus himself his taste led him to discover that, as all men were
declares only one of the works ascribed to him as connected by one general form, so they were sepa-
genuine, and this he calls Ars (76xvn) edita ad rated, each by some predominant power, which
Matium, in which the author treated on oratory fixed character and bound them to a class : that in
only in so far as speaking in the courts of justice proportion as this specific power partook of indivi-
was concerned. Apollodorus himself wrote little, dual peculiarities, the farther it was removed from
and his whole theory could be gathered only from a share in that harmonious system which constitutes
the works of his disciples, C. Valgius and Atticus. nature and consists in a due balance of all its parts.
Dame.
town.
a
## p. 236 (#256) ############################################
236
APOLLODORUS.
APOLLONIDES.
A
Thence he drew his line of imitation, and personi- (Cod. Th. 1. tit. 1. AG; Nov. I. Theod. II. ,
fied the central form of the class to which his printed in the Bonn Corpus Juris Antejust. as a
object belonged, and to which the rest of its quali second preface to the Theod. Cod. ) There seems
ties adıninistered, without being absorbed : agility to be no reason, beyond sameness of name and
was not suffered to destroy firmness, solidity, or nearness of date, to identify him with the Apollo
weight; nor strength and weight agility ; elegance dorus who was comes rei priratae under Arcadius
did not degenerate to effeminancy, or grandeur and Honorius, A. D. 396, and was proconsul of
swell to hugeness. ” Fuseli justly adds that these Africa in the years 399 and 400. (Cod. Th. 11.
principles of style seem to have been exemplified tit. 36. s. 32; 16. tit. 11. s. 1. ) To Apollodorus,
in his two works of which Pliny has given us the proconsul of Africa, are addressed some of the
titles, a worshipping priest, and Ajax struck by letters of Symmachus, who was connected with
lightning, the former being the image of piety, the him by affinity. (viii. 4, ix. 14, 48. ) [J. T. G. )
latter of impiety and blasphemy. A third picture APOLLODORUS ('ATOM 08woos ), the name
by Apollodorus is mentioned by the Scholiast on of two physicians mentioned by Pliny (H. N. xx,
the Plutus of Aristophanes. (v. 385 )
13), one of whom was a native of Citium, in
Apollodorus made a great advance in colouring. | Cyprus, the other of Tarentum. Perhaps it was
He invented chiaroscuro (peopáv kal dno xpwo in one of these who wrote to Ptolemy, king of Egypi,
okās, Plut. de Gloria Athen. 2). Earlier painters, giving him directions as to what wines he should
Dionysius for example (Plut. Timol. 36), had drink (itrid. xiv. 9), though to which king of this
attained to the quality which the Greeks called name his precepts were addressed is not mentioned.
Tóvos, that is, a proper gradation of light and person of the same name wrote a work, nepi
shade, but Apollodorus was the first who height- Múpwv kai Stepávwv, On Ointments and Chaplets,
ened this effect by the gradation of tints, and thus quoted by Athenaeus (xv. p. 675), and another,
obtained what modern painters call tone. Hence quoted by the same author, Nepl Onpiww, On
he was called ortaypaoos. (Hesychius, s. v. ) | Venomous Animals (ibid. xv. p. 681), which is
Pliny says that his pictures were the first that possibly the work that is several times referred to
rivetted the eyes, and that he was the first who by Pliny. (H. N. xxii. 15, 29, &c. ) (W. A. G. )
conferred due honour upon the pencil, plainly be- APOLLÒNIDES or APOLLO'KIDAS('ATON-
cause the cestrum was an inadequate instrument Awvidns). 1. Governor of ARGOS, who was raised to
for the production of those effects of light and this office by Cassander. In the year B. C.
315, he
shade which Apollodorus produced by the use of invaded Arcadia, and got possession of the town of
the pencil. In this state he delivered the art to Stymphalus. The majority of the Argives were
Zeuxis (Zeuxis), upon whom he is said to have hostile towards Cassander, and while Apollonides
written verses, complaining that he had robbed was engaged in Arcadia, they invited Alexander,
him of his art Plutarch (1. c. ) says, that Apollo- the son of Polysperchon, and promised to surrender
dorus inscribed upon his works the verse which their town to him. But Alexander was not quick
Pliny attributes to Zeuxis,
enough in his movements, and Apollonides, who
Μωμήσεται τις μάλλον η μιμήσεται. seems to have been informed of the plan, suddenly
2. A sculptor, who made statues in bronze. returned to Argos. About 500 senators were at
He was so fastidious that he often broke his works the time assembled in the prytaneum : Apollonides
in pieces after they were finished, and hence he had all the doors of the house well guarded, that
obtained the surname of the madman,” in which none of them might escape, and then set fire to it,
character he was represented by the sculptor so that all perished in the flames. The other
Silanion. (Plin. xxxiv. 19. § 21. ) Assuming Argives who had taken part in the conspiracy
from this that the two artists were contemporary, were partly exiled and partly put to death. (Diod.
Apollodorus flourished about 324 B. C.
xix. 63. )
A little further on ($ 26) Pliny names an Apol- 2. A BOEOTIAN, an officer in the Greek army
lodorus among the artists who had made bronze which supported the claims of Cyrus the Younger.
statues of philosophers.
He was a man of no courage, and the difficulties
On the base of the “ Venus di Medici," A pol which the Greeks had to encounter led him to op
lodorus is mentioned as the father of Cleomenes. pose Xenophon, and to urge the necessity of enter-
Thiersch (Epochen, p. 292) suggests, that he ing into friendly relations with king Artaxerxes.
may have been the same person as the subject of He was rebuked by Xenophon, and deprived of
this article, for that the statue of the latter by his office for having said things unworthy of a
Silanion may have been made from tradition at Greek. (Xenoph. Anab. iii. 1. $ 26, &c. )
any time after his death. But Apollodorus is so 3. Of CARDIA, to whom Philip of Macedonia
common a Greek name that no such conclusion can assigned for his private use the whole territory of
be drawn from the mere mention of it,
the Chersonesus. (Demosth. de Halones. p. 86. )
3. Of Damascus, lived under Trajan and Ha- Apollonides was afterwards sent by Charidemus as
drian. The former emperor employed him to build ambassador to Philip. (Demosth. c. Aristocr. p. 681. )
his Forum, Odeum, and Gymnasium, at Rome ; 4. Of Chios, was during the eastern expedition
the latter, on account of some indiscreet words of Alexander the Great one of the leaders of the
uttered by the architect, first banished him and Persian party in his native island; but while
afterwards put him to death. (Dion Cass. lxix. Alexander was in Egypt, Apollonides was con-
4; Spartian. Hadrun. 19. )
[P. S. ]
quered by the king's admirals, Hegelochus and
APOLLODORUS, a Graeco-Roman jurist, and Amphoterus. He and several of his partizans
one of the commission appointed by Theodosius were taken prisoners and sent to Elephantine in
the Younger to compile the Theodosian Code. In Egypt, where they were kept in close imprison-
A. D. 429 he appears as comes and magister memo- inent. (Arrian, Anub. iii. 2; Curtius, ir. 5. )
riae (Cod. Th. 1. tit. 1. 6. 5), and he appears as
ö. Of NICAEA, lived in the time of the emperor
comes sacri consistorii in the years 435 and 438. Tiberius, to whom he dedicated a commentary on
## p. 237 (#257) ############################################
APOLLONIDES.
237
APOLLONIUS.
the Silli of Timon. (Ding. Laërt. ix. 109. ) IIc | Punic war, as to whether they were to join the
wrote several works, all of which are lost. - Carthaginians or the Romans, insisted upon the
1. A commentary on Demosthenes' oration repl necessity of acting with decision either the one or
Tapat perbelas. (Ammon. s. v. done. v. ) 2. On fic- the other way, as division on this point would lead
titious stories (hepl KateVEVOMÉvwv), of which the to inevitable ruin. At the same time, he suggested
third and eighth books are mentioned. (Ammon. that it would be advantageous to remain faithful
8. 0. Katolanous; Anonym. in Vila drati. ) 3. A to the Romans. (Liv. xxiv. 28. )
work on proverbs. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Tépiva. ) 12. A Tragic poet, concerning whom nothing
4. A work on lon, the tragic poet. (Harpocrat. is known. Two verses of one of his dramas are
s. v. "Iwv. ) An Apollonides, without any state preserved in Clemens of Alexandria (Puedugog.
ment as to what was his native country, is men- iii. 12) and Stobaeus. (Sermon. 76. ) (L. S. )
tioned by Strabo (vii. p. 309, xi. pp. 523, 528), APOLLO'NIDES ('Anoiwvions). 1. A Greek
Pliny (H. N. vii. 2), and by the Scholiast on physician and surgeon, was born at Cos, and, like
Apollonius Rhodius (iv. 983, 1174; comp. ii. 964), many other of his countrymen, went to the court
as the author of a work called trepithos tñs Eúpunns. of Persia, under Artaxerxes Longimanus, B. C. 465
Stobaeus (Florileg. Ixvii. 3, 6) quotes some senarii -425. Here he cured Megabyzus, the king's
from one Apollonides.
brother-in-law, of a dangerous wound, but was
6. An OLYNTHIAN general who used his in- afterwards engaged in a sinful and scandalous
fluence at Olynthus against Philip of Macedonia. amour with his wife, Amytis, who was herself a
The king, with the assistance of his intriguing most profligate woman.
For this offence Apollo-
agents in that town, contrived to induce the people nides was given up by Artaxerxes into the hands
to send Apollonides into exile. (Demosth. Philip. of his mother, Amestris, who tortured him for
jü. pp. 125, 128. ) Apollonides went to Athens, about two months, and at last, upon the death of
where he was honoured with the civic franchise; her daughter, ordered him to be buried alive.
but being found unworthy, he was afterwards de (Ctesias, De Reb. Pers. $$ 30, 42, pp. 40, 50, ed.
prived of it. (Demosth. c. Neaer. p. 1376. ) Lion. )
7. Surnamed Orapius or Horapius, wrote a 2. Another Greek physician, who must have
work on Egypt, entitled Semenuthi (Leuevovoi), lived in the first or second century after Christ, as
and seems also to have composed other works on he is said by Galen (de Caus. Puls. iii. 9, vol. ix.
the history and religion of the Egyptians. (Theo pp. 138, 139) to have differed from Archigenes
phil. Alex. ii. G; comp. Vossius, de Hist. Graec. respecting the state of the pulse during sleep. No
p. 396, ed. Westermann. )
other particulars are known of his history; but he
8. Of Sicyox. When in B. c. 186 the great is sometimes confounded with Apollonius of Cy.
congress was held at Megalopolis, and king Eumenes prus, a mistake which has arisen from reading
wished to form an alliance with the Achaeans, and Απολλωνίδου instead of 'Απολλωνίου in the pas-
offered them a large sum of money as a present sage of Galen where the latter physician is men-
with a view of securing their favour, Apollonides tioned. [APOLLONIUS CYPRIUS. ) He may perhaps
of Sicyon strongly opposed the Achaeans'accepting be the same person who is mentioned by Artemi-
the money, as something unworthy of them, and dorus (Oneirocr. iv. 2), and Aëtius (tetrab. ii.
which would expose them to the influence of the serm. iv. c. 48. p. 403), in which last passage the
king. He was supported by some other distin- name is spelled Apolloniades.
further information respecting Apollodorus and his ential citizens of the town of Agyrium in Sicily,
writings, see Fabricius, Bid. Gr. ir. pp. 287—who gave his evidence against the praetor Verres.
299; C. and Th. Müller, pp. xxxviii. —xlv. (Cic. in Verr. ii. 31, iv. 23. )
18. Of LEMNOS, a writer on agriculture, who 25. Governor of Susiana, was appointed to this
lived previous to the time of Aristotle (Polit. i. 4, office by Antiochus III. after the rebellion of Molo
p. 21, ed. Göttling. ) He is mentioned by Varro and his brother Alexander had been put down, in
(De Re Rust. i 1), and by Plipy. (Elench. ad B. C. 220. (Polyb. v. 54; comp. ALEXANDER,
Wb. vüi. x. xiv. xv. xvii. and xviii. )
brother of Molo. )
19. Surnamed Logisticus, appears to have been 26. Of Tarsus, a tragic poet, of whom Suidas
a mathematician, if as is usually supposed, he is and Eudocia (p. 61) mention six tragedies; but
the same as the one who is called åp. ountikos. nothing further is known about him. There is an-
(Diog. Laërt. i. 25, viii. 12; Athen. I. p. 418. ) other Apollodorus of Tarsus, who was probably a
Whether he is the same as the Apollodotus of grammarian, and wrote commentaries on the early
whom Plutarch (Non posse viri secund. Epic. p. dramatic writers of Greece. (Schol. ad Eurip. Med.
1094) quotes two lines, is not quite certain. 148, 169; Schol. ad Aristoph. Ran. 323, Plut. 535. )
20. A MACEDONIAN, and secretary to king 27. Of TELMESSUS, is called by Artemidorus
Philip V. He and another scribe of the name of (Oneirocr. i. 82) an dvnp en doymuos, and seems to
Demosthenes accompanied the king to the colloquy have written a work on dreams.
at Nicaea, on the Maliac gulf, with T. Quinctius There are a few more persons of the name of
Flamininus, in B. c. 198. (Polyb. xvii. 1, 8. ) Apollodorus, who are mentioned in ancient writers,
21. Of NICARA. Nothing is known about him but nothing is known about them beyond their
except that Stephanus Byzantius (s. v. Nikaia) men-
A list of nearly all of them is given by
tions him among the distinguished persons of that Fabricius. (Bibl. Gr. iv. p. 299, &c. ) [L. S. )
APOLLODO’RUS, artists. l. a painter, a na-
22. Of PERGAMUS, a Greek rhetorician, was the tive of Athens, flourished about 408, B. C. With him
author of a school of rhetoric called after him 'Aton. commences a new period in the history of the art.
λοδωρειος αίρεσις, which was subsequently opposed | He gave a drainatic effect to the essential forms of
by the school established by Theodorus of Gadara Polygnotus, without actually departing from them as
(Orodúpelos alperis. ) In his advanced age Apollo- models, by adding to them a representation of
per
dorus taught rhetoric at Apollonia, and here young sons and objects as they really exist, not, however,
Octavianus (Augustus) was one of his pupils and individually, but in classes : " primus species ex-
became his friend. (Strab. xiii. p. 625; Sueton. primere instituit. ” (Plin. xxxv. 36. $ 1. ). This
Aug. 89. ) Strabo ascribes to him scientific works feature in the works of Apollodorus is thus ex-
(Téxvas) on rhetoric, but Quintilian (iii. 1. $ 18, plained by Fuseli (Lect. i. ):-“ The acuteness of
comp. $ 1) on the authority of Apollodorus himself his taste led him to discover that, as all men were
declares only one of the works ascribed to him as connected by one general form, so they were sepa-
genuine, and this he calls Ars (76xvn) edita ad rated, each by some predominant power, which
Matium, in which the author treated on oratory fixed character and bound them to a class : that in
only in so far as speaking in the courts of justice proportion as this specific power partook of indivi-
was concerned. Apollodorus himself wrote little, dual peculiarities, the farther it was removed from
and his whole theory could be gathered only from a share in that harmonious system which constitutes
the works of his disciples, C. Valgius and Atticus. nature and consists in a due balance of all its parts.
Dame.
town.
a
## p. 236 (#256) ############################################
236
APOLLODORUS.
APOLLONIDES.
A
Thence he drew his line of imitation, and personi- (Cod. Th. 1. tit. 1. AG; Nov. I. Theod. II. ,
fied the central form of the class to which his printed in the Bonn Corpus Juris Antejust. as a
object belonged, and to which the rest of its quali second preface to the Theod. Cod. ) There seems
ties adıninistered, without being absorbed : agility to be no reason, beyond sameness of name and
was not suffered to destroy firmness, solidity, or nearness of date, to identify him with the Apollo
weight; nor strength and weight agility ; elegance dorus who was comes rei priratae under Arcadius
did not degenerate to effeminancy, or grandeur and Honorius, A. D. 396, and was proconsul of
swell to hugeness. ” Fuseli justly adds that these Africa in the years 399 and 400. (Cod. Th. 11.
principles of style seem to have been exemplified tit. 36. s. 32; 16. tit. 11. s. 1. ) To Apollodorus,
in his two works of which Pliny has given us the proconsul of Africa, are addressed some of the
titles, a worshipping priest, and Ajax struck by letters of Symmachus, who was connected with
lightning, the former being the image of piety, the him by affinity. (viii. 4, ix. 14, 48. ) [J. T. G. )
latter of impiety and blasphemy. A third picture APOLLODORUS ('ATOM 08woos ), the name
by Apollodorus is mentioned by the Scholiast on of two physicians mentioned by Pliny (H. N. xx,
the Plutus of Aristophanes. (v. 385 )
13), one of whom was a native of Citium, in
Apollodorus made a great advance in colouring. | Cyprus, the other of Tarentum. Perhaps it was
He invented chiaroscuro (peopáv kal dno xpwo in one of these who wrote to Ptolemy, king of Egypi,
okās, Plut. de Gloria Athen. 2). Earlier painters, giving him directions as to what wines he should
Dionysius for example (Plut. Timol. 36), had drink (itrid. xiv. 9), though to which king of this
attained to the quality which the Greeks called name his precepts were addressed is not mentioned.
Tóvos, that is, a proper gradation of light and person of the same name wrote a work, nepi
shade, but Apollodorus was the first who height- Múpwv kai Stepávwv, On Ointments and Chaplets,
ened this effect by the gradation of tints, and thus quoted by Athenaeus (xv. p. 675), and another,
obtained what modern painters call tone. Hence quoted by the same author, Nepl Onpiww, On
he was called ortaypaoos. (Hesychius, s. v. ) | Venomous Animals (ibid. xv. p. 681), which is
Pliny says that his pictures were the first that possibly the work that is several times referred to
rivetted the eyes, and that he was the first who by Pliny. (H. N. xxii. 15, 29, &c. ) (W. A. G. )
conferred due honour upon the pencil, plainly be- APOLLÒNIDES or APOLLO'KIDAS('ATON-
cause the cestrum was an inadequate instrument Awvidns). 1. Governor of ARGOS, who was raised to
for the production of those effects of light and this office by Cassander. In the year B. C.
315, he
shade which Apollodorus produced by the use of invaded Arcadia, and got possession of the town of
the pencil. In this state he delivered the art to Stymphalus. The majority of the Argives were
Zeuxis (Zeuxis), upon whom he is said to have hostile towards Cassander, and while Apollonides
written verses, complaining that he had robbed was engaged in Arcadia, they invited Alexander,
him of his art Plutarch (1. c. ) says, that Apollo- the son of Polysperchon, and promised to surrender
dorus inscribed upon his works the verse which their town to him. But Alexander was not quick
Pliny attributes to Zeuxis,
enough in his movements, and Apollonides, who
Μωμήσεται τις μάλλον η μιμήσεται. seems to have been informed of the plan, suddenly
2. A sculptor, who made statues in bronze. returned to Argos. About 500 senators were at
He was so fastidious that he often broke his works the time assembled in the prytaneum : Apollonides
in pieces after they were finished, and hence he had all the doors of the house well guarded, that
obtained the surname of the madman,” in which none of them might escape, and then set fire to it,
character he was represented by the sculptor so that all perished in the flames. The other
Silanion. (Plin. xxxiv. 19. § 21. ) Assuming Argives who had taken part in the conspiracy
from this that the two artists were contemporary, were partly exiled and partly put to death. (Diod.
Apollodorus flourished about 324 B. C.
xix. 63. )
A little further on ($ 26) Pliny names an Apol- 2. A BOEOTIAN, an officer in the Greek army
lodorus among the artists who had made bronze which supported the claims of Cyrus the Younger.
statues of philosophers.
He was a man of no courage, and the difficulties
On the base of the “ Venus di Medici," A pol which the Greeks had to encounter led him to op
lodorus is mentioned as the father of Cleomenes. pose Xenophon, and to urge the necessity of enter-
Thiersch (Epochen, p. 292) suggests, that he ing into friendly relations with king Artaxerxes.
may have been the same person as the subject of He was rebuked by Xenophon, and deprived of
this article, for that the statue of the latter by his office for having said things unworthy of a
Silanion may have been made from tradition at Greek. (Xenoph. Anab. iii. 1. $ 26, &c. )
any time after his death. But Apollodorus is so 3. Of CARDIA, to whom Philip of Macedonia
common a Greek name that no such conclusion can assigned for his private use the whole territory of
be drawn from the mere mention of it,
the Chersonesus. (Demosth. de Halones. p. 86. )
3. Of Damascus, lived under Trajan and Ha- Apollonides was afterwards sent by Charidemus as
drian. The former emperor employed him to build ambassador to Philip. (Demosth. c. Aristocr. p. 681. )
his Forum, Odeum, and Gymnasium, at Rome ; 4. Of Chios, was during the eastern expedition
the latter, on account of some indiscreet words of Alexander the Great one of the leaders of the
uttered by the architect, first banished him and Persian party in his native island; but while
afterwards put him to death. (Dion Cass. lxix. Alexander was in Egypt, Apollonides was con-
4; Spartian. Hadrun. 19. )
[P. S. ]
quered by the king's admirals, Hegelochus and
APOLLODORUS, a Graeco-Roman jurist, and Amphoterus. He and several of his partizans
one of the commission appointed by Theodosius were taken prisoners and sent to Elephantine in
the Younger to compile the Theodosian Code. In Egypt, where they were kept in close imprison-
A. D. 429 he appears as comes and magister memo- inent. (Arrian, Anub. iii. 2; Curtius, ir. 5. )
riae (Cod. Th. 1. tit. 1. 6. 5), and he appears as
ö. Of NICAEA, lived in the time of the emperor
comes sacri consistorii in the years 435 and 438. Tiberius, to whom he dedicated a commentary on
## p. 237 (#257) ############################################
APOLLONIDES.
237
APOLLONIUS.
the Silli of Timon. (Ding. Laërt. ix. 109. ) IIc | Punic war, as to whether they were to join the
wrote several works, all of which are lost. - Carthaginians or the Romans, insisted upon the
1. A commentary on Demosthenes' oration repl necessity of acting with decision either the one or
Tapat perbelas. (Ammon. s. v. done. v. ) 2. On fic- the other way, as division on this point would lead
titious stories (hepl KateVEVOMÉvwv), of which the to inevitable ruin. At the same time, he suggested
third and eighth books are mentioned. (Ammon. that it would be advantageous to remain faithful
8. 0. Katolanous; Anonym. in Vila drati. ) 3. A to the Romans. (Liv. xxiv. 28. )
work on proverbs. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Tépiva. ) 12. A Tragic poet, concerning whom nothing
4. A work on lon, the tragic poet. (Harpocrat. is known. Two verses of one of his dramas are
s. v. "Iwv. ) An Apollonides, without any state preserved in Clemens of Alexandria (Puedugog.
ment as to what was his native country, is men- iii. 12) and Stobaeus. (Sermon. 76. ) (L. S. )
tioned by Strabo (vii. p. 309, xi. pp. 523, 528), APOLLO'NIDES ('Anoiwvions). 1. A Greek
Pliny (H. N. vii. 2), and by the Scholiast on physician and surgeon, was born at Cos, and, like
Apollonius Rhodius (iv. 983, 1174; comp. ii. 964), many other of his countrymen, went to the court
as the author of a work called trepithos tñs Eúpunns. of Persia, under Artaxerxes Longimanus, B. C. 465
Stobaeus (Florileg. Ixvii. 3, 6) quotes some senarii -425. Here he cured Megabyzus, the king's
from one Apollonides.
brother-in-law, of a dangerous wound, but was
6. An OLYNTHIAN general who used his in- afterwards engaged in a sinful and scandalous
fluence at Olynthus against Philip of Macedonia. amour with his wife, Amytis, who was herself a
The king, with the assistance of his intriguing most profligate woman.
For this offence Apollo-
agents in that town, contrived to induce the people nides was given up by Artaxerxes into the hands
to send Apollonides into exile. (Demosth. Philip. of his mother, Amestris, who tortured him for
jü. pp. 125, 128. ) Apollonides went to Athens, about two months, and at last, upon the death of
where he was honoured with the civic franchise; her daughter, ordered him to be buried alive.
but being found unworthy, he was afterwards de (Ctesias, De Reb. Pers. $$ 30, 42, pp. 40, 50, ed.
prived of it. (Demosth. c. Neaer. p. 1376. ) Lion. )
7. Surnamed Orapius or Horapius, wrote a 2. Another Greek physician, who must have
work on Egypt, entitled Semenuthi (Leuevovoi), lived in the first or second century after Christ, as
and seems also to have composed other works on he is said by Galen (de Caus. Puls. iii. 9, vol. ix.
the history and religion of the Egyptians. (Theo pp. 138, 139) to have differed from Archigenes
phil. Alex. ii. G; comp. Vossius, de Hist. Graec. respecting the state of the pulse during sleep. No
p. 396, ed. Westermann. )
other particulars are known of his history; but he
8. Of Sicyox. When in B. c. 186 the great is sometimes confounded with Apollonius of Cy.
congress was held at Megalopolis, and king Eumenes prus, a mistake which has arisen from reading
wished to form an alliance with the Achaeans, and Απολλωνίδου instead of 'Απολλωνίου in the pas-
offered them a large sum of money as a present sage of Galen where the latter physician is men-
with a view of securing their favour, Apollonides tioned. [APOLLONIUS CYPRIUS. ) He may perhaps
of Sicyon strongly opposed the Achaeans'accepting be the same person who is mentioned by Artemi-
the money, as something unworthy of them, and dorus (Oneirocr. iv. 2), and Aëtius (tetrab. ii.
which would expose them to the influence of the serm. iv. c. 48. p. 403), in which last passage the
king. He was supported by some other distin- name is spelled Apolloniades.
