;
degradation
of, in 10th century,
101 sq.
101 sq.
Cambridge Medieval History - v3 - Germany and the Western Empire
from, 520; art
and architecture, 553 ; see of, 379; arch-
bishops of, 295; see Agobard, Aurelian,
Burchard, Halinard, Leidrad, Odulric
Lyutitzi, revolt of the, 144; ally with
Henry II, 226 sq. , 228, 239; ally with
Conrad II, 260, 305; revolt of, 262 sq. ,
288, 305; revolt, 299
Mahdi, Fātimite Caliph, 151
Mahomet I, Emir of Spain, 416 sq. ; 435
Mahomet II, al-Mahdi, Caliph of Cordova,
427
Mahomet ibn Abi-'Āmir. See Almanzor
Mahomet ibn Ghālib, 418
Mahomet ibn Hashim at-Tujībi, governor of
Saragossa, 421
Mahomet, son of Abd-ar-Raḥmān III,
435
Maillé, rebellion of lord of, 119
Maine, given to Pepin, 18; seized by Lam-
bert, 31; duchy of, 35; independence of,
96; subject to Anjou, 109 sq. ; dukes and
counts of, see Herbert, Hugh, Lambert,
Louis II, Robert
Maiolus, St, Abbot of Cluny, 168
Málaga. See Regio
Mälar, Lake, Anglo-Saxon coins from, 333
Malcolm, King of Scots, receives Cumber-
land, 368
Malcolm II, King of Scots, 388, 395
Malcolm III (Canmore), King of Scots, 395
Maldon, 364; battle of, 324, 381
Mālik ibn Anas, 414, 431
Mālikites, Muslim sect, 414, 431 sqq.
Malmesbury, 357; abbey of, 374; library
at, 511
Man, Isle of, Vikings in, 311, 324 sqq. , 329,
379, 381; Scandinavian influence in,
Manasse, Archbishop of Arles, 153; deserts
Hugh, 157; Archbishop of Milan, 158 sqq.
Manasse, Archbishop of Rheims, 113
Manchester, fortified, 365
Manegold, Count, 258
Manichaeans, and religious romances, 496 sq.
Manfred II, Marquess of Turin, 240, 246,
264
Manfred, Count of Milan, 66
Manilius, poet, 536
Manlius, M. , De Astrologia, 536
Mann, jarl, 364
333 sqq.
Ma'addites. See ķaisites
Macbeth, Earl of Moray, 395
Maccus (Magnus), King of the Western Isles,
326
Macer, 523
Mâcon, 26, 97; independence of, 124; under
Otto-William, 141; counts of, 57 sq. ; see
Otto-William, Warin
Macrobius, Saturnalia of, 485; on the verb
in Greek and Latin, 504, 525
## p. 681 (#727) ############################################
Index
681
Manor, the, 472 sqq. ; French and German
analogies, 483
Manso III, Duke of Amalfi, chosen Prince
of Salerno, 169; driven out, 176
Manşūr, Abbasid Caliph, 413
Manşūr, Fātimite Caliph, 166, 422
Mantaille, Boso becomes King of Provence
at, 57, 137
Mantes, claimed by William the Conqueror,
112
Mantua, Hugh of Provence and John X at,
153; county of, 221; Henry III at, 298
Map, Walter, cited, 536
Marburg, church of, 562
Marcellinus and Peter, ss. , relics of, 518,
533
March, river, Hungarian frontier, 281, 303
March, the North, see North Mark; the East,
see East Mark, Lausitz, March of; the
Thuringian, see Meissen, March of
Margoil. See Margut
Margut (Margoil), 80, 208
Maria, nun, 417
Marianus Argyrus, in South Italy, 166
Marianus Scotus, 534
Marinus, Bishop of Bomarzo, 192, 194
Marj Rāhit, battle of, 412
Marmora, Sea of, and the Rus, 327
Marmoutier, abbey of, 71; abbot of, see
Hugh the Great
Marne, river, meeting on (950), 194
Marozia, Senatrix, wife of Alberic, of Spo.
leto, 151, 455; wife of Guido of Tuscany,
153; wife of Hugh of Italy, 154; 241
Marquard of Anweiler, 462
Marseilles, 282
Martial, 521
Martianus Capella, 343, 485, 487 sq. , 504,
509, 513, 525 sq.
Martin, St, of Tours, 489 sq. , 495 sq.
• Martin, Land of St,” 513
Martin of Dumio, Archbishop of Bracara,
Martin of Laon, 526
Marton, battle at, 352
Maslama, 410
Mateflon, castle of, enfeoffed, 118
Matfrid, Count of Orleans, 8; exiled, 15,
Maulevrier, fief of Anjou, 118
Mauretania, 421
Maurice, St, lance of. See Lance, Holy
Maurienne, Count of. See Humbert
Maursmünster, monastery, 3
Maximilian, King of the Romans, 466
Maximus, Ambigua of, 525
Mayence, 16, 25 sqq. , 51, 275 sq. ; Harold
of Denmark baptised at, 7, 313; con-
vention at, 143; Otto I at, 196 sq. ;
Henry II at, 217 sq. , 248; synods at, 237,
252, 295; Conrad II crowned at, 254;
Agnes crowned at, 284; see of, 206, 235,
255 sqq. ; library of, 521; archbishops of,
see Aribo, Bardo, Erkambald, Frederick,
Heriger, Hildebert, Liutbert, Raban Maur,
Sunderold, William, Willigis
Mayenne, taken by William of Normandy,
110; lord of, see Geoffrey
Meath, raided by Turgeis, 317
Meaux, 446; district of, 16, 40, 76 sq. , 83;
captured by Northmen, 85; Odo II and, 123
Mecca, 433
Meczlav of Masovia, 302
Medellin, 418
Medeshamstede, monastery of, 351; re-
founded, 375. See Peterborough
Media in Vita, sequence, 530
Medinaceli, 426
Medina Sidonia, 418
Medinese, 409
Mediterranean Sea, command of, 423, 431
Meersen, conferences at (847), 31, 52; (851),
32, 37; Treaty of (870), 45, 51, 57
Megingaud, Archbishop of Trèves, 238, 248
Megingaud (Meingaud), Bishop of Eichstedt,
Meissen, fortification of, 184; recovered by
Eckhard, 211; captured by Boleslav, 222;
lost, ib. ; further attempt on, 223
Meissen, March of, created, 202 note; at-
tacked by Boleslav of Poland, 217, 222;
given to Gunzelin, 222; Boleslav's de-
signs upon, 226, 238; Upper Lausitz
attached to, 261; margraves of, see Eck-
hard, Gunzelin
Melk, MS. at, 527
Melo, Duke of Apulia, 250
Melrose, Kenneth Mac Alpin at, 350
Melun, Vikings at, 40; besieged (991), 102;
recovered, 105; death of Philip I at,
115
Memleben, death of Henry I at, 186; death
of Otto I at, 203
Mempisc district, the, 92
Menas, St, of Alexandria, ivories of, 542
Mentesa, 418
Mercia, Kingdom of, extent at Offa's death,
340; extension westward, 343; conflict
with Wessex, 344 ; decline of, 345 sq. ;
conquered by Vikings, 348, 351, 353;
colonised by Vikings, 354 sq. ; submits to
Wessex, 356, 360; kings of, see Beorht-
wulf, Beornwulf, Burhred, Ceolwulf,
Coenwulf, Ecgfrith, Ludeca, Offa, Wiglaf
237 sq.
3
489 sq.
19 sq.
Matfrid, Count, 68
Matilda, Abbess, 174
Matilda, wife of Henry the Fowler, 185 sq. ;
203
Matilda, ancestress of Agnes of Poitou,
283 note 2
Matilda, Countess of Tuscany, 299
Matilda, sister of Otto III, 215
Matilda, wife of Conrad Duke of Carinthia,
256
Matilda, daughter of Henry III, marries
Rudolf of Swabia, 289
Matthew, St, apocryphal Gospel of, 532
Maubergeon, Viscountess of Châtellerault,
130
Mauges, district of, added to Anjou, 96
## p. 682 (#728) ############################################
682
Index
Conrad II crowned at, 264; siege of, 266
sqq. , 277; counts of, see Hugh, Manfred;
MSS. at, 521; Church of St Lorenzo at,
548; art and architecture in, 553; see of,
contested, 158; lands of, seized, 245; pre-
cedence of, 264; archbishops of, 224, 240,
244 ;
see Adalman, Anselm, Arderic,
Aribert, Arnulf, Guido, Lampert, Landulf,
Manasse, Walpert
Miletus, excavations at, 547
Milo, Count of Verona, 157
Milton (Dorset), Abbey of, 373
Milton (near Sheppey), 359
Minden, bishopric of, 232; Saxons acknow.
ledge Conrad II at, 255
Ministeriales, German, 230, 270, 462
Minster, nunnery of, 343
Miriquidui. See Erzgebirge
Miro, King of the Suevi, 489
Miron, Catalan Count, 424
Missi, 5, 6, 9, 29, 162, 165, 168, 240, 244,
246, 266, 299
Mistislav, Prince of the Obotrites, 249
Mochua, St, Life of, 506
Modena, 221; counts of, see Adalbert-Atto,
Boniface, Tedald; dukes of, 240; see oi,
165; bishops of, 221, 240
Moduin, Bishop of Autun, 18
Moimir, Moravian prince, 64
Molesme, Abbey of, its importance, 124
Món (Anglesey), 342; Norse names in, 326
Monasterboice, 556
Monasticism, Muslim, 431; Christian, in
Spain, 441; in Europe, 457. See Cluniac
Movement
“Monk of St Gall. " See Notker Labeo
“Monk of Toul,” 531
Mons, Count of. See Herman
Mont-Barbet, William of Normandy at, 110
Montbazon, Fulk Nerra at, 108
Montbéliard, Count of. See Louis
Montboyau, fortress of, 108
Montbrai, lord of, 120
Montdidier, county of, 111
Monte Cassino, Lothar II and the Pope at,
44; Abbey of, 49, 150, 268; library of, 521
Monte Gargano, Otto III at, 176
Monteleon, 420
Montfaucon, Northmen defeated at (888), 72,
Montferrat, marquesses of, 240. See William
Montfort, Simon de, 461
Montièrender, monastery of, 104; abbot of,
see Adso
Montjean, house of, in Anjou, 118
Montlhéry, dismantled (1105), 114
Montmartre, 61; Otto II at, 80, 208
Montmell, fuero of, 441
Montrésor, attacked by Hugh of Amboise,
119; lord of, see Aubrey
Montreuil, county of, 104
Montreuil-Bellay, castle of, 118
Montreuil-sur-Mer, added to Flanders, 92
Montrevault, castle of, built by Fulk Nerra,
Mercia, Dukedom of, 356, 359 sq. , 384; 387;
397; and Aethelwald's rising, 361; wars
with Welsh, 362 sqq. ; wars with Danes,
362 sqq. ; lady of, see Aethelfeda; Ed.
ward the Elder, lord of, 323, 364; recovered
by Edmund, 368; revolt against Eadwig,
372, 374; faction favours Aethelred, 378;
ceded to Knut, 386 sq. ; society in, 337,
401, 404; dukes and earls of, see Aelfgar,
Aelfhere, Aethelfleda, Aethelred, Eadric
Streona, Edwin, Leofric, Leofwine
Mercia, archbishops in, suppressed, 343; see
Higbert
Merfyn the Freckled, King of North Wales,
350
Mérida, 414, 416, 418, 421; independence
of, 417
Merlin, 513
Merovingian script, 517
Merseburg, fortification of, 182 sq. ; siege
of (939), 189; see of, founded, 202;
revived, 235 ; assembly at, 217, 222;
Henry II musters at, 225; Boleslav makes
peace at, 239; Henry II at, 250; Mesco II
submits at, 261 sq. ; Diet of (1033), 262;
Diet of (1053), 296; 256; 297; bishops of,
see Gisiler, Thietmar, Wigbert
Mersey, 354; Edward the Elder's power
reaches, 365
Mértola, 418
Mesco I, Duke of the Poles, submits to
Otto I, 202; aids Bavarian revolt, 205;
submits to Otto II, 206; war with Bohemia,
211; 322
Mesco II, Duke of Poland, 144, 258 sq. ,
302; suceeds Boleslav the Mighty, 260;
wars with Conrad II, 260 sq. ; driven out
by Otto Bezprim, 261; succeeds Otto, 261;
submits to Conrad II, 261 sq. ; death of,
262, 300
Mesopotamia, 436; architecture in, 539, 541,
547
Messina, seized by Saracens, 48; by Byzan-
tines, 169
Metz, council at, 41 sq. ; Treaty of, 43, 45;
44; 52; 190; assemblies at, 447; 61; synod
of, 449; see of, 45; bishops of, 209; 250,
294 sq. ; see Adalbero, Dietrich, Drogo,
Walo; abbot of, see John
Meuse, river, 46 sq. , 59, 68, 134; Conrad
of Lorraine defeated on, 197; mouth of,
seized by Count of Holland, 248 sq.
Mézières, 27
Michael II, Eastern Emperor, 524, 546
Michael III, the Drunkard, Eastern Emperor,
451
Michelstadt, Abbey of, 518
Mico of St Riquier, 519, 522 sq.
Middle Angles, King of. See Peada
Middle Kingdom, 286; see Lorraine. See
also Burgundy
Middlesex, hundreds of, 367
Milan, and Arnulf and Lambert, 66;
Lothar II sent to, 157; Otbertines in, 240;
missi sent to, 244; favours Henry II, 246;
118; lords of, see Roger, Stephen
85
2
## p. 683 (#729) ############################################
Index
683
Montrichard, Fulk Nerra at, 108; Hugh of
Amboise at, 119
Montriond, synod of, 282
Mont-St-Michel, siege of (1091), 121
Montsoreau, house of, 118
Morat, seized by Odo II, 143; besieged by
Conrad II (1033), 144 sq. ,
259
Moravia, struggles in, 31, 64, 68; conquered
by Bratislav, 260, 299; bishopric for, 208;
princes of, see Moimir, Svatopluk
Moray, Earl of. See Macbeth
Möre, Earl of. See Rögnvaldr
Morgannwg. See Glamorgan
Morienval, abbey of, 76
Morkere, 384
Morkere, Earl of Northumbria, 398
Morocco, 424, 426
Morosini, the, of Venice, 170
Mortemer, Odo defeated at, 109
Mortimer, revolt of, 466
Mortmain, 464
Morvan (Murmannus), Breton leader, 8 sq.
Mosaic, at Ravenna, 542, 548, 550; at Salo-
nica, 542; in St Sophia, 544 sqq. ; in North
Africa, 547 sq. ; in Milan and Naples, 548;
in St Mark's, 549 sq. , 558; in Sta Maria
Maggiore, 549, 558; in France, 567; at
Aix, 567; Byzantine, sources of, 548 sqq.
Mosara, 412
Moselle, river, 21, 46; Harold penetrates to
(842), 315
Mosuin Mac Armin, Abbot of Bangor, 503 sq.
Mouliherne, siege of (1048), 109
Moulins-la-Marche, lord of, 120
Mouzon, 27
Mozarabs, 429 sq. , 432 sq. , 435, 438
Muirchertach, Irish leader, and the Vikings,
324
Muirchu, Life of St Patrick, 505
Mu'izz, Fāțimite Caliph, 422, 424
Mujābid of Denia, conquers Sardinia, 250
Muladies (Muwallad), class in Spain, 414,
429
Mundhir, Emir of Spain, 418
Münster, meeting at, 278
Murcia, 409; Vikings at, 320; discontent in,
413, 416; irrigation of, 432
Mūsā, conqueror of Spain, 409, 431
Mūsā II, “Third King of Spain,” 417
Mushafi, ḥājib in Spain, 424
Muslims in Spain), ch. xvı; boundary (in
756), 410; (in 912), 420; law and institu-
tions, 431 sqq.
Mutonia, 421
Muttenz, Rodolph III makes Conrad II his
heir at, 256, 258
Muwallad. See Muladies
Muzaffar, son of Almanzor, 427 sq.
Mynyw. See St David's
Naples, besieged by Saracens, 49; independ-
ence of, 150; 151; besieged by Caliph
Manşūr, 166, 169; Otto III and, 176;
captured by Paldolf IV, 268; MS. at, 514;
baptistery at, 548; dukes of, see Andrew,
John, Sergius
Narbonne, Bishop of. See Bartholomew
Nardulus, Nardus. See Einhard
Narni, Bishop of. See John XIII, Pope
Nasr, 416
Naumberg, bishopric of Zeitz removed to,
260
Navarre, 410, 421 sqq. , 425, 438, 441; con-
quers Leon, 428; military tenure in, 464;
kings of, see Garcia, Sancho
Nayland, 394 note
Naze, the, 395
Neidingen, death of Charles the Fat at, 62
Nekur, attacked by Vikings, 320
Nemesianus, 522
Nennius, author of Historia Brittonum, 342
Nestor, Russian chronicler, cited, 327
Nether Wroughton (Ellandun), battle at, 345
Neustria, given to Louis III, 57; March of,
71, 73; 83; and the Northmen, 86 sq. ;
formation of the March, 91 sq. , 94; decay
of the March, 95 sq. ; 104; marquesses of,
see Hugh, Odo, Robert
Neustrians, 23, 27, 74
Nevers, given to Pepin, 10; count of, see
Landry
Newburgh, William of, cited, 513
Niall Glundubh, Irish leader, and the Vi.
kings, 324
Nice, Bishop of, 282
Nicephorus, Chronography of, 528
Nicephorus Phocas, Eastern Emperor, in
Italy, 150; as Emperor, 167
Nicholas I, Pope, 40 sqq. , 449 sqq. ; 525 ;
claims of, 452 sq. ; 455
Nicholas Picingli. See Picingli
Nile, river, architecture in valley of, 540
Nilus, St, of Calabria, 173
Nimeguen, 13; assemblies at, 15, 21, 248;
burnt by Vikings, 59; diet at, 250; synod
at, 251; Henry III married at, 274; meets
dukes of Lorraine at, 284 sq. ; Charle-
magne's palace at, 293, 561
Nisibis, academy at, 486
Nithard, Bishop of Liège, 278
Nithard, Abbot of St Riquier, historian,
24 note, 444, 534
Nivelles, convent of, 60; abbess of, see Gisela
Nivernais, the, Northmen defeated in, 93
Noirmoutier, Viking settlement at, 316
Nomenoë, Breton King, 9, 30 sq. ; death of,
33
Nonantula, John, Abbot of. See John XVI,
Pope
Nordalbingians, the, campaign of Charles
the Great against, 312; submit to Den-
mark, 313
Nordgau of Bavaria, made a margravate, 206;
war in (1003), 223; margraves of, see
Berthold, Henry, Otto
Najda, slave general, 422
Nájera, 421, 440
Nantes, plundered, 30, 33; added to Brittany,
33; 128; Vikings at, 87; counts of, see
Hoel, Lambert
## p. 684 (#730) ############################################
684
Index
Norfolk, 392, 400; hundreds of, 367; Scan-
dinavian influence in, 337
Normandy, foundation of, 73 sq. , 92, 94 sq. ,
97, 322; Hugh the Great suzerain of, 83;
Henry I and, 108 sqq. ; Philip I and,
111 sq. ; revolts in, 120-1; Danes from
England in, 365; Scandinavian influence
in, 330, 333, 338; government of, 127 sq. ;
dukes of, see Richard, Robert, Rollo,
William
Normans, the, 86 sqq. ; beginnings of their
power in South Italy, 268; 296; at battle
of Civitate, 298; see also Normandy
Northampton, burh, 356; submits to Aethel-
fleda, 323, 363 sq. ; attacked by Anlaf, 368;
burnt by Danes, 382
Northamptonshire, 398; hundreds of, 367;
Scandinavian influence in, 336 sq. ; earl
of, see Waltheof
North Mark, 202 note; 238; margraves of,
see Dietrich, Liuthar, William
Northmen. See Vikings
Northumberland, earls of, see Eadulf, Siward
Northumbria, kingdom of, 340 sq. ; disorders
under Eardwulf, 341; conquered by Vi.
kings, 318 sq. , 322 sqq. , 333, 348 sq. ,
350 sqq. ; raided by Olaf, 381; art and
learning in, 553 sqq. ; continental art
and, 556, 559; Scandinavian influence in,
336 sq. , see Bernicia, Deira, Northum-
berland, Yorkshire; kings of, see Aelle,
Aethelred, Aldfrid, Eanred, Eardwulf,
Ecgberht, Halfdanr; earls of, see Morkere,
Siward, Tostig
Norway, assists Denmark against Otto II,
205; Vikings of, 311; 327; see Vikings;
subject to Denmark, 380; Christianity in,
313 sq. ; civilisation of, 328 sqq. ; see Scan-
dinavia; kings of, see Hákon, Harold,
Knut, Magnus, Olaf, Svein
Norwich, burh, 356, 382; cathedral, 563, 567
Notker Balbulus, Sequences and Gesta Karoli
of, 530 sq. ; life of St Gall by, 534; as a
musician, 535
Notker Labeo, 530
Nottingham, Vikings at, 319; 323; 351, 353;
burh of, 355, 364
Nottinghamshire, 406; Scandinavian in.
fluence in, 336 sq.
Nouy, battle of (1044), 108
Novalesa, Abbeyof, destroyed, 152; chronicler
quoted, 213 sq.
Novara, besieged by Ardoin, 244; see of, 165,
245; bishop of, see Peter
Novgorod, settlement in, by Rurik, 327
Noyon, Hugh Capet crowned at, 84; North-
men at, 85, 88; bishopric of, 97; cathedral,
562
Nuremburg, first mention of, 304
Oakley, battle of, 349
Obo, King of Hungary, 278, 303; raids
Bavaria, 279 sq. , 303 ; 307; defeat and
death of, 285
Obodritzi. See Obotrites
Obotrites (Abotrites, Obodritzi), 6 sq. , 31,
313; and Christianity, 186, 249, 304; burn
Hamburg, 208, 249; allies of Conrad II,
260; princes of, see Ceadrag, Godescalc,
Mistislav, Slavomir
Ocsonoba (Algarve), 409, 418; mines at, 432
Oda, Archbishop of Canterbury, 368, 372;
church reformer, 373
Odda, alderman, 355
Odda, granted Svein's earldom, 394, 397
Odense, bishopric founded at, 208
Oder, river, and Otto l's supremacy, 192;
and Boleslav's state, 222; a trade route,
326
Odilo, Abbot of Cluny, 242, 255; and the
“Truce of God," 282
Odo (Eudes), King of France, Marquess of
Neustria, 75 note; Count of Paris, 61, 321;
made king, 63, 71 sq. ; 81; 84 sqq. ; death
of, 73
Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 470
Odo, Bishop of Beauvais, 45
Odo, St, Abbot of Cluny, 155, 527
Odo (Henry), Duke of Burgundy. See Henry
Odo Borel, Duke of Burgundy, 123 sq.
Odo, Duke of Gascony, 129
Odo (Eudes) I, Count of Chartres, Blois, etc. ,
95, 102, 143 note
Odo (Eudes) II, Count of Blois and Cham-
pagne, 105 sq. ; relations of, with Robert
the Pious, 117; policy of, 123; claims
Burgundy, 143 sq. ; 256 sqq. ; 262; 273;
overcome by Conrad II, 259; death of, 107,
145, 267
Odo, Count of Orleans, 14
Odo, Count of Troyes, 35 sqq.
Odo, son of Robert the Pious, 108 sq.
Odo-Harpin, Viscount of Bourges, 111
Odoacer, 39
Odulric (Ulric), Archdeacon of Langres, made
Archbishop of Lyons, 279; murdered, 279
Offa, King of Mercia, 340, 343; laws of, 358;
coins of, 554
Offa's Dyke, 341
Ogbourne, 403 note
Ohthere, voyages of, 535
Olaf the Peacock, in Iceland, 332
Olaf the Stout, King of Norway, 384, 388 sq.
Olaf Tryggvason, King of Norway, Viking
leader, in East Anglia, 324; 332; 381;
384
Olaf the White (Amhlaeibh), Norse King of
Dublin, 317 sq. , 351 sq. ; in Scotland, 325
Olaf (Olafr, Anlaf) Guðfriðson, King of
Dublin and York, 323, 368
Olaf (Olafr) Sigtryggson (Anlaf Sihtricsson),
“Cuaran," driven from York, 323, 366,
368; revolts, 370; death of, 330
Öland, Anglo-Saxon coins in, 333
Oldenburg, see of, 305 sq. ; bishop of, see
Bernard
Olég (Helgi), Kiev conquered by, 327
Olga, Russian Queen, 201
Olmütz, bishopric founded at, 208
Olney (Glouc. ), 385
## p. 685 (#731) ############################################
Index
685
346;
Omar ibn Hafşün, 417 sqq. ; death of, 420
Ongendus (Angantýr), King of Denmark, 314
Optatianus Porphyrius, Publilius, “figured”
poems of, 512, 520
Oran, 421
Orange, Prince of. See William
Orba, siege of, 246
Orbe, interviews at, 34, 42
Ordoño I, King of Leon, 417
Ordoño II, King of Leon, 421
Ordoño III, King of Leon, 422
Ordoño IV, the Bad, King of Leon, 423 sq.
Orford, 377
Origen, 493
Orkneys, the, Vikings in, 318, 325 sq. ,
Scandinavian influence in, 334 sq. ; earls
of, see Einar, Sigurðr
Orleans, 14, 16 sq. , 19; Charles the Bald at,
32; Vikings' raids on, 33, 87; 36; import-
ance of, 96, 104, 111; interdicted, 132;
MSS. at, 519, 521; bishops of, see Arnulf,
Jonas, Theodulf; counts of, see Matfrid,
Odo
Ormside Cup, the, 555
Ornois, the, 27; partition of, 45
Orosius, History of the World of, 358; 508;
527; 535, 537
Orseolo, Doge of Venice. See Pietro Orseolo
Orta, Bishop of. See Arsenius
Ortivineas (? Orvignes), 43
Orvieto, cathedral of, 563
Orwell, river, 385
Osbeorht, 350 sq.
Osbern Pentecost, 395
Osburh, wife of Aethelwulf, 352
Oscar, Danish king, 32
Oscellum, 35 sq. , 40
Oscytel, 353
Osferth, 360
Osgar, 374
Osketel Presbyter, 406
Osma, 420 sq.
Osnabrück, Bishop of. See Benno
Osulf, 519
Oswald, Bishop of Worcester, 374 sq. ; at
Fleury, 373; management of his estates,
375, 377 sq. , 404; Archbishop of York, 378
Oswaldeslau, 377
Oswulf, high reeve of Bamborough made jarl
of Yorkshire, 370
Ota. See Auðr
Otbert, Marquess and Count, 157, 161
Otbert II, Marquess, 240, 244
Otbertines, House of, 240, 242, 244 sqq. ,
founds archbishopric of Magdeburg, 232;
missi of, revived, 244; Burgundy, 247;
Cordova, 423 note; deposes John XII,
455; death of, 167, 204; descendants of,
143 note, 204, 205 note, 209, 215; epic
upon, 532; compared with Henry II, 230sq.
Otto II, Emperor, King of Germany, 101,
143 note, 195, 205 note; King of Italy,
161; marriage of, 167, 203; coronations of,
201, 203 sq. ; Bavarian revolts, 204 sqq. ;
subdues the Danes, 205; War of the Three
Henries, 207; attacked in Lorraine, 80,
207; invades France, 80, 208; in Italy,
168 sq. , 208; defeat by Saracens, 169 sq. ;
relations with Venice, 170; progress of
Christianity under, 208 sq. ; heathen re-
action, 209, 212; see of Magdeburg, 232;
death of, 80, 170, 209
Otto III, Emperor, King of Germany, 143
note, 205 note; born, 208; education, 173,
212 sq. ; minority of, 80 sq. , 171; Bavarian
revolt against, 204; struggle for regency
of, 209 sqq. ; recovers crown from Henry
the Wrangler, 210; begins to rule, 212;
advisers of, 213; relations with France,
102 sq. ; wars in the east, 211; and north,
212; enters Italy, 172, 176 sq. , 212; re-
organises the chancery, 174, 213; decree
on serfdom, 221; opens Charles the Great's
tomb, 213 sq. ; neglects Germany for Italy,
173–4, 214; death of, 141, 177, 214 sq. ;
succession to, 215 sq.
Otto IV, Emperor, of Brunswick, 147
Otto Bezprim, Duke of Poland, 260 sq.
Otto, Duke of Burgundy, 75 note, 83, 94
Otto, Duke of Carinthia, 204, 205 note, 206,
239, 252; deposed and reinstated, 209,
212; declines the crown of Germany,
215 sq. ; sent to Italy, 221
Otto, son of Ricwin, Duke of Lorraine, 191
Otto, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 77 note, 104,
239, 248
Otto, Duke of Saxony, 70 note
Otto, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria, 195, 204,
205 note ; 206; in Italy, 208 sq.
Otto of Schweinfurt, Margrave of Nordgau,
299; made Duke of Swabia, 294
Otto, Count Palatine in Lower Lorraine,
made Duke of Swabia, 287, 289, 307
Otto, Count of Hammerstein, 250 sqq.
Otto, Count of Lomello, 213
Otto, Count of Savoy, Marquess of Turin,
299
Otto, son of Count of Vermandois, 207
Otto-William, Count of Mâcon, “Count of
Burgundy,"106, 141 sq. , 247 sq. ; death of,
143
Oundle, 376
Ouse, river, 319, 359, 384
Ovid, 343; 519; scholiast on the Ibis of,
499
Oviedo, 423
Owel, Lough, Turgeis drowned in, 317
Oxford, placed under defence of Wessex, 363;
Danes in, 383; 386 sq. , 389, 398
9
264 sqq.
Otford, 385
Otto I, the Great, Emperor, King of Germany,
78, 101; seizes Burgundy, 140, 156; 143
note; 157; in Italy, 158 sq. , 194, 201 sq. ;
defeats the Hungarians, 160; King of
Italy (961), 161; becomes Emperor, 162,
201; drives out Berengar, 163; rule of, 164;
reign of, 164 sqq. , 186 sqq. ; marriage of,
183, 195, 366; the organisation of the
Empire, 213; builds castle at Ghent, 228;
## p. 686 (#732) ############################################
686
Index
Oxfordshire, under Mercian Law, 357; hun.
dreds of, 367; Danes in, 382 sq.
Pacificus, archdeacon, and Verona library,
521
Paderborn, assembly at (815), 6; Kunigunda
crowned at, 218; bishopric of, 232
Pailhas, county of, 90
Palace, Counts of the. See Hugh of Beau-
vais, Sarlio; see also Count Palatine
Palatine. See Count Palatine
Paldolf I (Pandulf) Ironhead, Prince of
Capua-Benevento, 161; receives Spoleto,
166; death of, 169
Paldolf II, Prince of Benevento, 169
Paldolf IV, Prince of Capua, recovers Capua
and takes Naples, 268; driven out and
restored, 292
Paldolf V of Teano, Prince of Capua, 268
Paldolf, Prince of Salerno, 169
Palermo, seized by Saracens, 48
Palestine, 489; 'Abd-ar-Raḥmān I in, 410;
art in, 549 sq.
Palladius, St, missioner to Ireland, 501
Pallig, Viking leader, 381 sq.
Palmyra, catacomb at, 541 sq.
Pampeluna, 8, 410, 421
Pando, Gastald, 49
Pange Lingua, hymn, 495
Pannonia, 7
Papacy, and the False Decretals, 448, 453
and note; and temporal rulers, Chap. XVII,
and archbishops, 452 sq. ; appeals to, ib. ;
kings of Germany, 454; counts of Tus-
culum, 454; degradation of, in 9th century,
454 sq.
; degradation of, in 10th century,
101 sq. , 151, 154, 161, 163, 171, 455; pro-
vincial churches, 455, see Liber Pontifi-
cialis ; Popes, see Agapetus, Alexander,
Benedict, Boniface, Clement, Eugenius,
Formosus, Gelasius, Gregory, Hadrian,
John, Leo, Nicholas, Paschal, Paul, Ser-
gius, Stephen, Sylvester, Urban, Valen-
tine, Zacharias
Papal States, 5, 29, 154, 162, 453
Parenzo, basilica at, 548
Paris, 2, 25; 85; 104; plundered by Vikings,
35, 40; siege of (845), 330; siege of (885),
60 sqq. , 321 sq. , 529; assembly at, 113;
Otto II at, 208; MSS. at, 519 sqq. ; 525
sqq. ; cathedral of, 566; Remigius teaches
at, 527; bishops of, 496, see Galo,
Joscelin, Reginald; counts of, see Bego,
Conrad, Gerard, Hugh, Odo, Robert
Parma, revolt and destruction of, 267; Al-
cuin at, 514; see of, 165
Parrett, river, 355
Paschal I, Pope, 5 sq. , 314
Paschal II, Pope, and Philip I, 113 sq, 133
Paschasius Rad bertus, political writer and
theologian, 10, 12, 14, 445, 533
Passau, captured by Otto II, 206; see of,
206; bishops of, see Pilgrim, Richer
Passavant, fief of Anjou, 118
Paterna (Valencia), 432
3
Paterno, death of Otto III at, 177, 214
Patriciate, importance of, 291, 306
Patrick, St, and Irish learning, 501; 502; 505
Patrimony of Peter. See Papal States
Paul, St, letters of, to Seneca, 516
Paul I, Pope, sends Greek books to Pepin,
515
Paul Aurelian (St Pol-de-Léon), 509
Paul the Deacon, 514 sq. , 520
Paul, Duke, revolt of, 493
Paul the Silentiary, cited, 544 sq.
Paulinus of Nola, poet, 533 sq.
Paulus Albarus of Cordova, 523
Pavia, 43, 51; assembly at (878), 56; 60;
Guy crowned at, 65; submits to Arnuli,
66; Rodolph II crowned at, 136; Louis
(the Blind) crowned at (900), 138; 149;
154; Otto I at, 140, 159, 195; Hungarians
at, 148, 153; Otto III at, 172; Berengar
II crowned at, 194; Ardoin crowned at,
220; Henry II crowned at, 224; massacre
in, 224; Henry II at, 242, 244; missi for,
244; forfeitures granted to, 245; synods
at, 251; 291; diet at, 266; Imperial palace
at, burnt, 257, 263 sq. ; bishop of, see
John XIV, Pope
Pawton, 344
Payerne, monastery of, 144, 255; Conrad II
crowned King of Burgundy at, 259
“Peace of God," 282, 457, 465
Peada, King of Middle Angles, 554
Peene, river, and see of Bremen, 297
Pelagius, at Jerusalem, 503
Pelayo, King of Asturias, 409 sq.
Pembrokeshire, Viking influence in, 326
Penne, see of, 165
Pentapolis, the, seized by King Hugh, 154;
given to the Pope, 162, 174
Pepin, the Short, King of the Franks, 454;
515
Pepin I, King of Aquitaine, 3, 8, 13; receives
Gascony and Toulouse, 10; rebellion of,
14 sqq. ; expedition against, 17; receives
Maine, 18 sqq. ; death of, 21
Pepin II, King of Aquitaine, 21 sqq. , 27;
relations with Charles the Bald, 31 sq. ,
33 sqq.
Perelada, county of, 90
Perfecto, 416
Périgueux, counts of, 97
Péronne, meeting of Lothar and Charles the
Bald at (849), 32; Charles the Simple at,
75 sq. , 181; added to Valois, 111
Pershore, 394; Abbey of, 378, 564
Persians, 428, 435
Persius, 508, 521
Peter, Apocalypse of, 488
Peter and Andrew, Acts of, 505
Peter, King of Hungary, 276; allies with
Bratislav, 301, 303; deposed, 278, 280,
303; restored, 285; 288, 290, 303
Peter, Marquess of Spoleto, 153; killed by
the Romans, 154
Peter, Bishop of Como, 213
Peter, Bishop of Novara, 240
9
## p. 687 (#733) ############################################
Index
687
Peter, Bishop of Pavia. See John XIV, Pope
Peter, Bishop of Poitiers, 130
Peter, Bishop of Vercelli, 175, 220
Peter Damiani, 291, 308
Peter of Pisa, 514
Peterborough, monastery of, 375, 379, 564;
soke of, 376. See Medeshamstede
Petrograd, MSS. from Corbie at, 521
Petronius, 527
Pfeddersheim, Charles the Simple at, 180
Philargyrius, commentator on Virgil, 507
Philip, Acts of, in Ireland, 504 sq.
Philip I, King of France, 110 sqq. ; excom-
municated, 113; Ivo, Bishop of Chartres,
and, 131 sqq. ; death of, 114
Philip II, of Swabia, King of the Romans, 147
Philippa, wife of William IX of Aquitaine,
129
Philoxenus, 526
Phænix, A. S. poem, 537
Photius, Patriarch, 450, 528
Physiologus, 488
Piacenza, Louis the Blind at, 138; death of
Lothar II at, 44; Conrad II at, 264; see
of, 175; bishop of, 267; see Guido
Picingli, Nicholas, strategos, 151 sq.
Pickering, paintings at, 567
Picos de Europa, 409
Picot, Sheriff of Cambridgeshire, 470
Picts of Galloway, unite with Strathclyde,
341; conquered by Kenneth Mac Alpin,
350; raided by Olaf, 318; raided by Half-
dene, 353 sq.
Pietro Candiano IV, Doge of Venice, 170
Pietro Orseolo II, Doge of Venice, 177 sq.
Pietro Tribuno, Doge of Venice, 148
Pilate, Pontius, legend of, 505
Pilgrim, Archbishop of Cologne, Chancellor
for Italy, 246; 250 sqq. , 253 sqq. , 273
Pilgrim, Bishop of Passau, 208
Pilsen, Otto, Duke of Swabia, defeated near,
206
Pirminius of Reichenau, Irish missionary,
490, 521
Pisa, growing importance of, 178; and Sar.
dinia, 250; captured by Vikings, 320;
Church of S. Pietro a Grado, near, 567
Pitres, Vikings at, 35; assembly at (862),
40; synod at (862), 452; fortified, 60
Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, 358,
Pliny, the Elder, Natural History of, 488,
516, 521
Pliny, the Younger, Letters of, 518, 521
Poeta Saxo, identity of, 530
Pöhlde, fortified by Henry I, 182; Eckhard
of Meissen slain at, 217; Emperor Henry
II meets Gregory at, 241; Henry III at, 293
Poissy, 96, 104, 107
Poitiers, Judith at, 15; Vikings at, 33; siege
of (955), 83, 91; Philip I at, 112; Coun.
cil of (1078), 113; Aquitaine and, 129;
battle of (732), 409; bishop of, see Peter
Poitou, 31; and Aquitaine, 129; “rain of
blood” in, 131
Poland, Christian missions to, 202; extent
of, 222, 261 sq. ; wars with Henry II, 223,
225 sqq. , 239, 247; partitioned by Conrad
II, 273, 300, 302; 143 sq. ; submits to
Henry the Wrangler, 210; war with Bo-
hemia, 211; loses Moravia, 260, 299; dukes
of, see Boleslav, Casimir, Mesco, Otto
Bezprim
Pol-de-Léon, St. See Paul Aurelian
Polei (Aguilar), 419
Polemius, Bishop of Asturica, 490
Pombia, Liudolf dies of fever at, 160, 201
Pomeranians attack Poland, 300; prince of,
see Zemuzil
Pompeii, vaulted structures at, 541
Pompeius Festus, Glossary of, 514 sq.
Pontefract, 370
Pontelungo, Diet at, 225
Ponthieu, 16; 398; and the Flemish March,
92; count of, see Guy
Ponthion, palace of, 36, 50; assembly at
(876), 51
Pontianus, African bishop, 489
Pontlevoy, battle at (1016), 108, 123
Pontoise, claimed by William the Conqueror,
112
Poperinghe, allodial estates at, 460
Poppo, Bishop of Brixen. See Damasus II,
Pope
Poppo of Babenberg, Archbishop of Trèves,
248; given Duchy of Swabia, 249; 278
Poppo, Patriarch of Aquileia, 251, 265, 266
Poppo, Abbot of Stablo (Stavelot), 271, 277,
284, 293
Porchester, 357
Porphyrio, 526
Porto, bishop of. See Formosus, Radoald
Portsmouth, 384
Posen, Henry II defeated near, 227
Powys, 341; invaded by Ceolwulf, 343; con-
quered by Rhodri Mawr, 350
Prague, Henry I meets St Wenceslas at, 184;
see of, 206, 208, 301; bishops of, see Adal-
bert, Severus; Boleslav of Poland at, 223;
Jaromir invested Duke at, 225; relics re-
moved from Gnesen to, 300
Predestination, controversy on, 524, 533
Pressburg, siege of, 296, 304
Priego, 418
Priene, excavations at, 547
Priscian, grammarian, 525 sq.
Priscianus Lydus, 525
Priscillian, heretic, 512
Priscillianism, 493 sq.
Privileges, given to John XII by Otto I, 162;
given to Benedict VIII by Henry II, 250
Prizlava, battle at, 306
Probus, grammarian, 516
Procopius, cited, 544 sq.
Propertius, 523
Prosper, referred to by Nennius, 343
Provence, apportioned to Charles the Bald,
16, 24; rebellion against Lothar I in, 31;
kingdom of, formed, 34, 137 sq. ; attacked
by Charles the Bald, 40; partition of, 41,
361 sq.
## p. 688 (#734) ############################################
688
Index
137; 42; seized by Charles the Bald, 46,
137; 50; Boso, King of, 57 sq. ; rela-
tions with Burgundy, 137 sq. ; united to
Burgundy, 139; annexed to France, 147;
Saracens in, 152, 155, 168; under King
Hugh, 156, 158; plundered by Vikings,
320; marquessate of, 130; county of, 147;
kings of, see Boso, Charles, Louis; mar-
quesses of, see Bertrand, Hugh; counts of,
see William
Proverbia Gaecorum, 504, 525
Prudentius, poet, 516, 519, 534
Prüm, burnt by Danes, 59; abbey of, 18,
34, 60, 467
Prussians attack Poland, 300
Pseudo-Isidore, 297, 448
Pseudo-Symeon Magister, 149 note
Pydershire, 345
Pyrenees, 90, 441; Charles the Great crosses,
413
6
Quarantaine le Roi, 465
Quatre-Métiers,” the, and Flanders, 122
Quedlinburg, and Henry the Fowler, 182,
185 sq. ; plot against Otto I at, 190 sq. ;
Henry the Wrangler proclaimed king at,
210; compact with Wends at, 226; Henry
III at, 297, 302; abbey of, 276, 290; ab-
besses of, see Adelaide, Beatrice; Qued-
linburg Annals, cited, 212, 254 note 3
Quentovic, pillaged, 30
Quia Emptores, English statute of, 463
Quierzy (Kiersy), assemblies at (820), 8;
(857), 36; (877), 52 sq. , 55; 58; 61; 446;
Louis I at, 19, 21
Quimperlé, abbey of St Croix at, 560
Quintilian, 522
Quo Warranto, inquest of, 466
Ramsbury, Abbey of, 561
Ramsbury, see of, 362
Ramsey, abbey founded at, 375, 378 sq. , 475,
560; abbot of, see Wichmann
Ranulf, Count of Aversa, 268, 292
Ranulf (Ralph) Flambard, Bishop of Dur-
ham, 133
Raoul (Radulf, Rudolf), King of France,
Duke of Burgundy, 75, 181; and the
Northmen, 87 sq. ; 93; 138; 156; death
of, 76
Raoul III, Count of Valois, 111
Raoul, Viscount of Le Mans, 118
Raphael, Biblical pictures of, 549
Rara (perhaps Rohr), Diet at, 210
Ratbold, Bishop of Verona, 11
Ratheri, Bishop of Verona, 156
Ratisbon (Regensburg), meeting of Rodolph
I and Arnulfat, 64,135; besieged by Henry
the Fowler, 180; taken by Liudolf, 197; be-
sieged by Otto I, 198 sq. ; convent at, 205;
assembly of princes at, 206; Wendish
embassy at, 228; St Emmeram's, 236;
Bratislav does homage at, 278, 301; Leo IX
at, 296; Victor II at, 298; bishops of, see
Gebhard, Wolfgang
Ratramn, of Corbie, 533
Ravenna, assemblies at (880), 57; (898), 67;
58; seized by King Hugh, 154; Otto I at,
162; Otto III at, 172; Henry II at, 242;
251; synod at, 242 sq. ; Conrad II and mas-
sacre at, 264; art and architecture in, 547,
553; mosaics at, 542, 548, 550; Church of
S. Vitale at, 543, 548; Church of Galla
Placidia at, 548; statue of Theodoric at,
521 ; tomb of Theodoric at, 548; ivory
throne at, 548, 550, 555; see of, 175 sq. ,
240, 242, 264; archbishops of, 534; see
Adalbert, Arnold, Frederick, Gebhard,
Humphrey, John, John X, Sylvester II,
Widger
Raymond, Count of Barcelona, 427
Raymond-Berengar I, Count of Barcelona,
428
Raymond of St Gilles, Count of Toulouse
129 sq.
Raab, river, Conrad II reaches, 261; Henry
III's victory on, 284
Raban Maur (Magnentius Hrabanus Maurus),
Abbot of Fulda, Archbishop of Mayence,
19, 520 sq. , 532
Rabula, Syrian Gospels of, 558
Radbert, Paschasius. See Paschasius
Radegund, St, Queen of Chlotar I, 495
Radelchis, Prince of Benevento, 49
Radenzgau, given to see of Bamberg, 237 sq.
Radoald, Bishop of Porto, 42
Raghnall. See Ragnarr Loðbrók
Ragnarr Loðbrók, Viking hero, legends of,
318 sqq. , 329 sqq. , 350; identified with
Raghnall, 318; with Reginherus, 319
Ragnfröðr. See Reginfredus
Rainard, monk, 536
Rainier, Duke Spoleto, made Marquess of
Tuscany, 243 sq.
Ralf of Guader, the Staller, 392, 406
Ralf of Mantes, Earl of Herefordshire, 392
sqq. , 396 sq.
Ramiro, King of Aragon, 428
Ramiro II, King of Leon, 421, 422 sq.
Ramiro III, King of Leon, 424; defeat and
death of, 425
Raynald, “Prince,” Count of Burgundy,
287
Raynald, Count, 467
Reading, Vikings at, 352 sq. ; Abbey, 564
Recemund, Bishop of Elvira, 423 note
Recknitz, raided by Otto I and Boleslav, 200
Rectitudines Singularum Personarum, 401 sqq.
Redarii (Wends), the, revolt of, 184, 192,
202, 226
Red Book of the Exchequer, cited, 462 note
Reedham, 406
Reggio, capital of the theme of Calabria,
150; Moslem defeat near (1006), 178
Reggio (in Lombardy), county of, 221; counts
of, see Adalbert-Atto, Tedald; see of, 165;
bishop of, see Adalard
Reginald of Durham, chronicler, 560
Reginald, Count of Herbauges, 20
Reginald, Bishop of Paris, 105
## p. 689 (#735) ############################################
Index
689
9
Reginar (Rainier), chamberlain, 11 sq.
Reginar, the Long-Necked, Duke of Lor-
raine, 68, 70
Reginar III, Count of Hainault, supports
Otto I, 197; rebellion of, 200
Reginar IV, Count of Hainault, 207, 248
Reginar V, Count of Hainault, 254
Reginfredus (Ragnfröðr), joint King of Den.
mark, 313
Reginherus. See Ragnarr Loðbrók
Regino of Prüm, 25, 62 sq. , 534
Regio (Málaga), 412, 417, 420, 432 sq.
Regnald of Waterford, King of York, 365 sq.
Regularis Concordia Anglicae Nationis, 375
Reichenau, Abbey of, 236, 257, 276; 535;
library of, 505 sq. , 521
Remigius, 527
Renard (Reginhard), Count of Sens, 111
Rennes, 14, added to Brittany, 33; March
of, 128; counts of, 126, see also Conan
Renovatio Imperii Romanorum, 213
Repton, 353
Retz, added to Brittany, 33
Rhaetia, given to Charles the Bald, 13
Rhé, monastery of, sacked, 316
Rheims, Stephen IV at, 4; Louis I crowned
at, 5; province of, 16; 59; Odo at, 64;
Charles the Simple crowned at, 73; Robert
I crowned at, 74; 75 sq. ; captured by
Hugh the Great, 78; recaptured by Louis
IV, 79, 193; Lothair crowned at, 80; Hun-
garians threaten, 88; episcopal lordship
of, 97 sq. ; captured by Charles of Lorraine,
99; synod at (996), 102; Gerbert of Aurillac
scholasticus at, 80, 173, 210; dispute con-
cerning see of, 75–78, 194; Hungarians at,
198; Otto II at, 208; French bishops
meet at, 292; Leo IX's synod at, 295;
298; historians of, 534; library of, 521;
Remigius teaches at, 527; 538; Church
of St Remi at, 562; archbishops of, see
Adalbero, Arnulf, Artaud, Ebbo, Fulk,
Gerbert, Hervé, Hincmar, Hugh, Ma-
nasse, Seulf
Rhine, river, 18, 21 sq. , 23, 26 sq. , 34, 37,
Richard I, King of England, 147
Richard, Duke of Normandy, 228, 383, 386
Richard le Justicier, Duke of Burgundy, 58,
86, 93
Richard, Bishop of Albano, 113
Richard, Bishop of Verdun, 289, 292
Richard, Abbot of St Vanne's, 250 sq. , 271,
282
Richeldis, of Hainault, marries Baldwin of
Antwerp, 295
Richer, Bishop of Passau, 69
Richer, historian of Rheims, 534; cited,
82 sq. , 535 sq.
Richessa, 287, 300
Richilda, wife of Charles the Bald, 45, 53,
55, 72
Ricsig, ruler of Bernicia, 353 sq.
Rillé, house of, in Anjou, 118
Rimbert, letter from Ratramn to, 533
Rimbert, Life of St Anskar by, 534
Ringmere, Danish victory at, 382
Ripen, see of, founded, 192
Ripon, burnt, 370
Riustringen, granted to Harold of Den-
mark, 313
Robert the Strong, Marquess of Neustria,
35, 40, 71, 75 note, 91
Robert I, King of France, Marquess of Neus.
tria, 73; King, 74, 181; killed at Sois-
sons, 75, 87
Robert II the Pious, King of France, 91, 99
sqq. ; marriage of, 103 sq. ; domain of, 104
sqq. ; character of, 105; Fulbert and, 131
sq. ; Ardoin and, 221 ; joins Henry II
against Flanders, 106, 228; Henry II and,
251 ; 257
Robert I, Duke of Burgundy, son of King
Robert II, 107, 123 sq.
Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, 111 sq. ,
114, 120 sqq. , 128
Robert the Magnificent (or the Devil), Duke
of Normandy, 107; dies, 109
Robert the Frisian, Count of Flanders, 111,
122
Robert, Count of Troyes, 96 sq.
Robert, son of Wimarc, 392, 394, 406
Robert, Abbot of Jumièges, Bishop of
London, 392; Archbishop of Canterbury,
Rochecorbon, lord of, 119
Rochester, raided by Danes, 312; attacked
by Vikings, 358; bishops of, 367; see
Gundulf
Roderick, King of the Visigoths, 409
Rodolf, Norman leader in South Italy, 250
Rodolph I, King of Jurane Burgundy, 63 sq. ,
66, 134 sq. ; seizes Basle, 69; 143 note
Rodolph II, King of Jurane Burgundy, 135
sq. ; King of Italy, 136, 153; Treaty with
King Hugh, 139, 156; death of, 140, 156;
143 note; 180
Rodolph III, King of Burgundy, 106 sq. ;
227; 246 sqq. ; 264; reign of, 140 sqq. ;
makes Henry II his heir, 141, 256; ac-
knowledges Conrad II's title, 142 sq. , 256,
44
393 sqq.
46, 52; interview between Charles the
Simple and Henry I on, 74 ,181; 134, 136;
189 sq. ; Hungarians cross, 198; raid of
Chocilaicus on, 309; and Viking raids,
321; 331; Scandinavian influence in lower
basin of, 338
Rhodophylus, the eunuch, 149 note
Rhodri Mawr, King of North Wales, 364 ;
conquers Powys, 350
Rhone, river, 26 sq. , 38, 56, 139, 146, 259,
416
Rhôs. See Rus
Rhuddlan, battle at, 341; 397
Riade (? Rittburg), Hungarian defeat at (933),
185
Ribagorza, 90, 428; lord of, see Gonzalo
Ribble, 400
Ribe, church at, 314
Ribemont, Treaty of (880), 57
Ribera, cited, 430, 433, 435
7
C. MED. HIST. VOL. ITI.
## p. 690 (#736) ############################################
690
Index
258; refuses support to Ernest of Swabia,
257 ; death of, 123, 143, 258
Rodrigo Ximenez de Rada, Archbishop of
Toledo, 426
Roger the Old, lord of Petit Montrevault,
118
Rögnvald, Northman, leader, 87
Rögnvaldr, Earl of Möre, 322, 326
Rohan, Breton house of, 464
Rohr (Rara), Diet at, 210
Roland, 413
Rollo (Hrollaugr, Hrolfr), Duke of Nor-
mandy, settles in Normandy, 73, 75, 86,
322 sq. , 365; death of, 76
Romagna, 240
Romance language, the, 27
Romanus I Lecapenus, Eastern Emperor, 155
Romanus II, Eastern Emperor, 155; 167
Romanus, Senator of all the Romans. See
John XIX, Pope
Rome, 4sq. , 28 sq. , 31, 43; Louis II crowned
at, 47; sacked by Saracens (846), 49;
Charles the Bald crowned at, 51; 56;
Council at (865), 452; Charles the Fat
crowned at, 58; Arnulf crowned at, 66;
trial of Formosus in, 67; Louis the Blind
crowned at, 138, 149; Otto I crowned at,
140, 162; factions in (903–28), 151,
153 sq. ; rule of Alberic, 154 sq. ; rule of
John XII, 161 sqq. ; siege of, 164; dis-
affection in, 164 sq. , 168; Otto II crowned
at, 167, 204, 388; dies in, 209; rule of
Crescentius II in, 171 sq. ; Otto III crowned
at, 172; as capital, 174; revolt of, 176 sq. ;
rule of Crescentius III in, 177, 241;
Henry II and, 241, 243, 251; Conrad II
crowned at, 143, 264; Roman law to pre-
vail in, 267; Henry III and, 291, 306;
Alfred and Aethelwulf in, 349; Burbred
dies at, 353; Christian academy at, 486;
Alcuin at, 514; Byzantine art in, 557 sq. ;
vaulted structures at, 541; churches at:
Sta Croce in Gerusalemme, 536; St
Helena, 542; S. Clemente, 548; Sta
Maria Maggiore, 549, 558; Sta Maria
Antiqua, 554 sq. , 558 sq. ; St Theodore,
557
Romsey Abbey, Rood of, 556; paintings at,
567
Romuald, St, of Ravenna, 173, 177
Roncaglia, court at, 298
Roncesvalles, 8, 413, 421
Roric (Hroerekr), brother of Harold, King
of Denmark, settles in north Frisia, 313,
315 sq. , 320 sq.
Roscommon, Viking raids in (807), 312
Ross, Scandinavian influence in, 335
Rossano, Otto II at, 169 sq. ; purple MS. at,
550, 558 sq.
Rosstall, skirmish at (954), 198
Rothad, Bishop of Soissons, 452 sq.
Rothaid, daughter of Charles the Great, 2
Rothfeld, the, 18
Rotilda, daughter of Guy of Spoleto, 48
Rouen, assembly at (824), 6; Northmen
at, 32, 60; 316; granted to Rollo, 73, 86,
94, 322; 87 sq. , 127; siege of (946),
193; 386; 398
Roussillon, county of, 90, 130; Vikings in,
320
Rudolf of Habsburg, King of the Romans,
147
Rudolf of Rheinfelden, Duke of Swabia,
146, 288
Rudolf, brother of Judith, 14 sq.
Rudolf of Fulda, 533
Rueda, battle of, 425
Rufinus, 508
Rurik (Hroerekr), settles in Novgorod, 327
Rus, in Russia, 327 sq. ; besiege Constanti.
nople, 320, 327
Rūs, Vikings, 328
Russia, and Otto I, 201; war with Poland,
211, 239, 247; Otto Bezprim flees to,
260; and Henry III, 280; relations to
Scandinavia, 326 sqq. ; 338; grand duke
of, see Vladimir
Russian Sea. See Black Sea
Ruthwell, cross at, 514, 554 sq.
Rutland, Scandinavian influence in, 336 sq.
Saalfeld, plots against Otto I at, 189, 195
Saavedra, cited, 426
Sabina, the, and the Papacy, 162, 164,
243
Şafi, caid, besieges Bari (1002), 177
St Aignan of Orleans, Abbey of, 76
St Albans, 359; monastery, 379, 564, 567
St Amand, taken from Flemish March, 93
St Arnulf's of Metz, 43
St Asaph (Llanelwy), church of, 342
St Basle, monastery of, of Verzy, 78; Coun.
cil of, 100, 103, 211
St Bavo, Ghent, monks of, 228
St Benet, Holme, monastery of, 388
St Benignus, Dijon, Abbot of. See William
St Benoît-sur-Loire. See Fleury
St Bernard pass, Great, 136; crossed by
Charles the Bald, 53; Maiolus captured at,
168; Tuscans and Lombards cross, 259
St Bertin, Abbey of (at St Omer), 92, 358,
373; abbots of, see Adalard, Hugh
St Brice's day, massacre of, 382
St Brieuc, 33 note; 128
St Clair-sur-Epte, treaty of (911), 73, 86, 94,
322, 364
St Cyr, seized by Fulk Rechin, 119
St David's (Mynyw), church of, 342, 358, 509
St Denis, 2, 19; 25; abbey of, 30 note; 76;
library of, 521,524; abbots of, see Hilduin,
Louis; Paschal II and Philip I at, 114;
stained glass at, 565; mosaic at, 567
St Edmund's Bury. See Bury St Edmunds
St Emmeram, church of (Ratisbon), 69, 236
Saintes, 126; Aquitaine and, 129
St Esteban de Gormaz, 420
St Florent, church of, at Saumur, 126
St Gall, Abbey of, 257, 293, 561; library of,
521, 526; literary productions of, 530 sq. ;
" Monk of," see Notker Labeo
.
## p. 691 (#737) ############################################
Index
691
Ste Geneviève, 61
St Germain-des-Prés, Abbey of, 61; abbots
of, see Hugh, Joscelin
St Germain l'Auxerrois, Abbey at Paris, 61
St Germain of Auxerre, Abbey, 76, 124;
abbot of, see Hugh
St Germer de Flay, 30 note
St Germigny, church at, 560 sq. , 567
St Gilles, Romanesque architecture in, 557
S. Leo, castle of, Berengar II besieged in,
162 sq.
St Martin of Tours, Abbey of, 71; Fulk Nerra
and, 126; calligraphy at, 517
Ste Maure, 109; fief of Anjou, 118
St Maurice d'Agaune, Abbey of, 134 sq. , 136
St Maurice of Angers, church of, 126
St Médard, monastery, 18, 444 sq.
St Merri, church of, 61
St Mihiel, cartulary of, 467
St Neots, 347 note
St Omer, Abbey of St Bertin at. See St Bertin
Saintonge, 31; and Aquitaine, 129
St Oswald, Abbey of, Gloucester, 373
St Quentin, 35
St Remi, Abbey, Charles the Simple crowned
at, 73
St Riquier, 14; Abbey of, 35, 76; abbots of,
see Angilbert, Nithard; library of, 519,
521 sq. , 538
St Savin, church at, 567
St Stephen of Dijon, church of, 124
St Valery, Abbey of, 76
St Vannes, abbot of. See Richard
St Wandrille, ravaged by Danes, 32
St Zoilo, 416
Sakkara, excavations at, 547
Salerno, principality of, 48 sq. , 150, 152,
265; united to and separated from Capua,
169; Otto II at, 169 sq. ; 176; reunited
to Capua, 268; separated from Capua,
292; princes of, see Gisulf, Guaimar,
John, Landolf, Manso, Paldolf, Siconolf
Salian Dynasty, founded by Conrad II, 253,
269
Sālim, 410 sq.
Salisbury, 382
Sallust, 491, 521
Salonica, decoration at, 542; Church of
St George at, 542; Church of St Sophia at,
546; Church of St Demetrius, 546
Saltair na Rann, 506
Salzburg, see of, 206; archbishops of, see
Herold, Virgilius
Samarcand, coins from, in Sweden, 333
Sampson, Abbot, 438
Sampson, missioner to Brittany, 509
Sancho, Count of Gascony, 33
Sancho I, King of Aragon, 124
Sancho, Count of Castile, 427
Sancho the Fat, son of Ramiro II, 421;
King of Leon, 422 sqq.
Sancho II, King of Navarre, 420 sq.
Sancho III, the Great, King of Navarre,
428
Sanchuelo. See •Abd-ar-Raḥmān
Sandwich, Edward the Confessor's fleet at,
294; 382; 388 sq.
San Pedro de Roda, monastery of, 90
Sant' Agata, castle of, 268
Santander, 410
Sant' Angelo, cas of, 154; Crescentius II
captured in, 172, 216
Santhià, granted to see of Vercelli, 176
Santiago de Campostela, 426, 441
Saône, river, 26, 46, 134, 146
Sappho, alluded to by Columban, 506
Saracens, the, Chap. xvi; menace of, 8,
28 sqq. , 33 sq. , 44, 47 sqq. , 453; conquer
Sicily, 48, 150; capture St Peter's, 49;
attacks of, 50, 52 sq. ; peace made with,
56; 63; in Provence, 140, 152; in Italy,
149 sqq. , 155, 166 sq. ; driven from Pro-
vence, 168; defeat Otto II, 169 sq. ; re-
newed attacks, 176 sq. ; defeats, 178; at
Otto's court, 201, 203; in Sardinia, 250;
the Vikings and, 316 sqq. , 320; archi-
tecture of, 565
Saragossa, 8, 411, 413, 417 sqq.
Sardinia and Louis I, 6; and the Saracens,
8, 250; and the Byzantine Empire, 178
Sarlio, Count of the Palace, Marquess of
Spoleto, 157
Sassanids, 436
Saucourt, Northmen defeated at, 59, 321
Saul, Bishop of Cordova, 417
Saumur, captured by Fulk Nerra, 108, 126
Savona, counts of, 240, 244; men of, 244
Savonnières, interview at (859), 447; as-
sembly at (862), 41
Savoy, duchy of, formed, 147
Saxon dynasty, founded, 179; 215, 218;
end of, 253, 269; see also Liudolfings
Saxons, the, 23, 26, 179; ally with Vikings,
310; Charles the Great and, 312; Slavs
revolt from, 208, 212; plot with Boleslav,
226, 228; Widukind's history of, 534
Saxony, Widukind in, 413; Viking invasions
of, 7, 31, 59 sq. ; 212; 321; ceded to
Louis the German, 16, 18; 22; 25; given
to Louis the Younger, 51 sq. ; duchy of,
70; invaded by Hungarians, 69, 182, 185,
198; under Henry the Fowler, 181 sqq. ;
under Otto I, 187 sq. , 191, 197 sq. ; sup-
ports Otto III against Henry the Wrangler,
210; accession of Henry II, 216 sqq. ;
accession of Conrad II, 255; raided by
Mesco II, 260 sq. ; war with Lyutitzi, 262;
Henry III and, 276 sq. , 288; dukes of,
see Bernard, Bruno, Herman, Liudolf,
Otto; king of, see Louis
Scaliger, edits the Barbarus, 497
Scandinavia, early history of, 309 sqq. ; spread
of Christianity in, 6 sq. , 313 sq. ; civili.
sation of, 328 sqq. ; trade of, 332 sq. ;
influence of, in Russia, 328; in Ireland,
334; in Scotland, 335; in Man, ib. ; in
England, 366 sqq. See Denmark, Norway,
Sweden, Vikings
Scania, 388
Schalksburg, besieged, 249
## p. 692 (#738) ############################################
692
Index
9
Scheidungen, fortress of, 189
Scheldt, river, 26, 34, 92, 228; Danes settle
on, 59 sq. , 320; 322
Schleswig, Danish fleet at, 312; March of,
founded, 185; Christianity in, 314;
bishopric founded at, 192; ceded to Den-
mark, 263, 274; Otto II and, 205
Scholasticus, office in Rheims cathedral, 80,
210, 535
Schweinfurt, branch of Babenberg family.
See Bucco, Otto, Henry
Schweinfurt (Zuinprod), convent of, 300
Scotland, Vikings in, 318; 325; 346 sq. ;
extended to the Tweed, 350; 388; homage
question with England, 365, 388; southern
influence in, 395 sq. ; Scandinavian in-
fluence in, 334 sq. ; kings of, see Constan-
tine, David, Duncan, Kenneth, Malcolm
Scriptores Gromatici, 536
Scythian, bogus alphabet, 500
Seacourt, 402 note
Sechnall, St, hymn by, 502
Sedulius Scottus, poet, 502 sqq.
and architecture, 553 ; see of, 379; arch-
bishops of, 295; see Agobard, Aurelian,
Burchard, Halinard, Leidrad, Odulric
Lyutitzi, revolt of the, 144; ally with
Henry II, 226 sq. , 228, 239; ally with
Conrad II, 260, 305; revolt of, 262 sq. ,
288, 305; revolt, 299
Mahdi, Fātimite Caliph, 151
Mahomet I, Emir of Spain, 416 sq. ; 435
Mahomet II, al-Mahdi, Caliph of Cordova,
427
Mahomet ibn Abi-'Āmir. See Almanzor
Mahomet ibn Ghālib, 418
Mahomet ibn Hashim at-Tujībi, governor of
Saragossa, 421
Mahomet, son of Abd-ar-Raḥmān III,
435
Maillé, rebellion of lord of, 119
Maine, given to Pepin, 18; seized by Lam-
bert, 31; duchy of, 35; independence of,
96; subject to Anjou, 109 sq. ; dukes and
counts of, see Herbert, Hugh, Lambert,
Louis II, Robert
Maiolus, St, Abbot of Cluny, 168
Málaga. See Regio
Mälar, Lake, Anglo-Saxon coins from, 333
Malcolm, King of Scots, receives Cumber-
land, 368
Malcolm II, King of Scots, 388, 395
Malcolm III (Canmore), King of Scots, 395
Maldon, 364; battle of, 324, 381
Mālik ibn Anas, 414, 431
Mālikites, Muslim sect, 414, 431 sqq.
Malmesbury, 357; abbey of, 374; library
at, 511
Man, Isle of, Vikings in, 311, 324 sqq. , 329,
379, 381; Scandinavian influence in,
Manasse, Archbishop of Arles, 153; deserts
Hugh, 157; Archbishop of Milan, 158 sqq.
Manasse, Archbishop of Rheims, 113
Manchester, fortified, 365
Manegold, Count, 258
Manichaeans, and religious romances, 496 sq.
Manfred II, Marquess of Turin, 240, 246,
264
Manfred, Count of Milan, 66
Manilius, poet, 536
Manlius, M. , De Astrologia, 536
Mann, jarl, 364
333 sqq.
Ma'addites. See ķaisites
Macbeth, Earl of Moray, 395
Maccus (Magnus), King of the Western Isles,
326
Macer, 523
Mâcon, 26, 97; independence of, 124; under
Otto-William, 141; counts of, 57 sq. ; see
Otto-William, Warin
Macrobius, Saturnalia of, 485; on the verb
in Greek and Latin, 504, 525
## p. 681 (#727) ############################################
Index
681
Manor, the, 472 sqq. ; French and German
analogies, 483
Manso III, Duke of Amalfi, chosen Prince
of Salerno, 169; driven out, 176
Manşūr, Abbasid Caliph, 413
Manşūr, Fātimite Caliph, 166, 422
Mantaille, Boso becomes King of Provence
at, 57, 137
Mantes, claimed by William the Conqueror,
112
Mantua, Hugh of Provence and John X at,
153; county of, 221; Henry III at, 298
Map, Walter, cited, 536
Marburg, church of, 562
Marcellinus and Peter, ss. , relics of, 518,
533
March, river, Hungarian frontier, 281, 303
March, the North, see North Mark; the East,
see East Mark, Lausitz, March of; the
Thuringian, see Meissen, March of
Margoil. See Margut
Margut (Margoil), 80, 208
Maria, nun, 417
Marianus Argyrus, in South Italy, 166
Marianus Scotus, 534
Marinus, Bishop of Bomarzo, 192, 194
Marj Rāhit, battle of, 412
Marmora, Sea of, and the Rus, 327
Marmoutier, abbey of, 71; abbot of, see
Hugh the Great
Marne, river, meeting on (950), 194
Marozia, Senatrix, wife of Alberic, of Spo.
leto, 151, 455; wife of Guido of Tuscany,
153; wife of Hugh of Italy, 154; 241
Marquard of Anweiler, 462
Marseilles, 282
Martial, 521
Martianus Capella, 343, 485, 487 sq. , 504,
509, 513, 525 sq.
Martin, St, of Tours, 489 sq. , 495 sq.
• Martin, Land of St,” 513
Martin of Dumio, Archbishop of Bracara,
Martin of Laon, 526
Marton, battle at, 352
Maslama, 410
Mateflon, castle of, enfeoffed, 118
Matfrid, Count of Orleans, 8; exiled, 15,
Maulevrier, fief of Anjou, 118
Mauretania, 421
Maurice, St, lance of. See Lance, Holy
Maurienne, Count of. See Humbert
Maursmünster, monastery, 3
Maximilian, King of the Romans, 466
Maximus, Ambigua of, 525
Mayence, 16, 25 sqq. , 51, 275 sq. ; Harold
of Denmark baptised at, 7, 313; con-
vention at, 143; Otto I at, 196 sq. ;
Henry II at, 217 sq. , 248; synods at, 237,
252, 295; Conrad II crowned at, 254;
Agnes crowned at, 284; see of, 206, 235,
255 sqq. ; library of, 521; archbishops of,
see Aribo, Bardo, Erkambald, Frederick,
Heriger, Hildebert, Liutbert, Raban Maur,
Sunderold, William, Willigis
Mayenne, taken by William of Normandy,
110; lord of, see Geoffrey
Meath, raided by Turgeis, 317
Meaux, 446; district of, 16, 40, 76 sq. , 83;
captured by Northmen, 85; Odo II and, 123
Mecca, 433
Meczlav of Masovia, 302
Medellin, 418
Medeshamstede, monastery of, 351; re-
founded, 375. See Peterborough
Media in Vita, sequence, 530
Medinaceli, 426
Medina Sidonia, 418
Medinese, 409
Mediterranean Sea, command of, 423, 431
Meersen, conferences at (847), 31, 52; (851),
32, 37; Treaty of (870), 45, 51, 57
Megingaud, Archbishop of Trèves, 238, 248
Megingaud (Meingaud), Bishop of Eichstedt,
Meissen, fortification of, 184; recovered by
Eckhard, 211; captured by Boleslav, 222;
lost, ib. ; further attempt on, 223
Meissen, March of, created, 202 note; at-
tacked by Boleslav of Poland, 217, 222;
given to Gunzelin, 222; Boleslav's de-
signs upon, 226, 238; Upper Lausitz
attached to, 261; margraves of, see Eck-
hard, Gunzelin
Melk, MS. at, 527
Melo, Duke of Apulia, 250
Melrose, Kenneth Mac Alpin at, 350
Melun, Vikings at, 40; besieged (991), 102;
recovered, 105; death of Philip I at,
115
Memleben, death of Henry I at, 186; death
of Otto I at, 203
Mempisc district, the, 92
Menas, St, of Alexandria, ivories of, 542
Mentesa, 418
Mercia, Kingdom of, extent at Offa's death,
340; extension westward, 343; conflict
with Wessex, 344 ; decline of, 345 sq. ;
conquered by Vikings, 348, 351, 353;
colonised by Vikings, 354 sq. ; submits to
Wessex, 356, 360; kings of, see Beorht-
wulf, Beornwulf, Burhred, Ceolwulf,
Coenwulf, Ecgfrith, Ludeca, Offa, Wiglaf
237 sq.
3
489 sq.
19 sq.
Matfrid, Count, 68
Matilda, Abbess, 174
Matilda, wife of Henry the Fowler, 185 sq. ;
203
Matilda, ancestress of Agnes of Poitou,
283 note 2
Matilda, Countess of Tuscany, 299
Matilda, sister of Otto III, 215
Matilda, wife of Conrad Duke of Carinthia,
256
Matilda, daughter of Henry III, marries
Rudolf of Swabia, 289
Matthew, St, apocryphal Gospel of, 532
Maubergeon, Viscountess of Châtellerault,
130
Mauges, district of, added to Anjou, 96
## p. 682 (#728) ############################################
682
Index
Conrad II crowned at, 264; siege of, 266
sqq. , 277; counts of, see Hugh, Manfred;
MSS. at, 521; Church of St Lorenzo at,
548; art and architecture in, 553; see of,
contested, 158; lands of, seized, 245; pre-
cedence of, 264; archbishops of, 224, 240,
244 ;
see Adalman, Anselm, Arderic,
Aribert, Arnulf, Guido, Lampert, Landulf,
Manasse, Walpert
Miletus, excavations at, 547
Milo, Count of Verona, 157
Milton (Dorset), Abbey of, 373
Milton (near Sheppey), 359
Minden, bishopric of, 232; Saxons acknow.
ledge Conrad II at, 255
Ministeriales, German, 230, 270, 462
Minster, nunnery of, 343
Miriquidui. See Erzgebirge
Miro, King of the Suevi, 489
Miron, Catalan Count, 424
Missi, 5, 6, 9, 29, 162, 165, 168, 240, 244,
246, 266, 299
Mistislav, Prince of the Obotrites, 249
Mochua, St, Life of, 506
Modena, 221; counts of, see Adalbert-Atto,
Boniface, Tedald; dukes of, 240; see oi,
165; bishops of, 221, 240
Moduin, Bishop of Autun, 18
Moimir, Moravian prince, 64
Molesme, Abbey of, its importance, 124
Món (Anglesey), 342; Norse names in, 326
Monasterboice, 556
Monasticism, Muslim, 431; Christian, in
Spain, 441; in Europe, 457. See Cluniac
Movement
“Monk of St Gall. " See Notker Labeo
“Monk of Toul,” 531
Mons, Count of. See Herman
Mont-Barbet, William of Normandy at, 110
Montbazon, Fulk Nerra at, 108
Montbéliard, Count of. See Louis
Montboyau, fortress of, 108
Montbrai, lord of, 120
Montdidier, county of, 111
Monte Cassino, Lothar II and the Pope at,
44; Abbey of, 49, 150, 268; library of, 521
Monte Gargano, Otto III at, 176
Monteleon, 420
Montfaucon, Northmen defeated at (888), 72,
Montferrat, marquesses of, 240. See William
Montfort, Simon de, 461
Montièrender, monastery of, 104; abbot of,
see Adso
Montjean, house of, in Anjou, 118
Montlhéry, dismantled (1105), 114
Montmartre, 61; Otto II at, 80, 208
Montmell, fuero of, 441
Montrésor, attacked by Hugh of Amboise,
119; lord of, see Aubrey
Montreuil, county of, 104
Montreuil-Bellay, castle of, 118
Montreuil-sur-Mer, added to Flanders, 92
Montrevault, castle of, built by Fulk Nerra,
Mercia, Dukedom of, 356, 359 sq. , 384; 387;
397; and Aethelwald's rising, 361; wars
with Welsh, 362 sqq. ; wars with Danes,
362 sqq. ; lady of, see Aethelfeda; Ed.
ward the Elder, lord of, 323, 364; recovered
by Edmund, 368; revolt against Eadwig,
372, 374; faction favours Aethelred, 378;
ceded to Knut, 386 sq. ; society in, 337,
401, 404; dukes and earls of, see Aelfgar,
Aelfhere, Aethelfleda, Aethelred, Eadric
Streona, Edwin, Leofric, Leofwine
Mercia, archbishops in, suppressed, 343; see
Higbert
Merfyn the Freckled, King of North Wales,
350
Mérida, 414, 416, 418, 421; independence
of, 417
Merlin, 513
Merovingian script, 517
Merseburg, fortification of, 182 sq. ; siege
of (939), 189; see of, founded, 202;
revived, 235 ; assembly at, 217, 222;
Henry II musters at, 225; Boleslav makes
peace at, 239; Henry II at, 250; Mesco II
submits at, 261 sq. ; Diet of (1033), 262;
Diet of (1053), 296; 256; 297; bishops of,
see Gisiler, Thietmar, Wigbert
Mersey, 354; Edward the Elder's power
reaches, 365
Mértola, 418
Mesco I, Duke of the Poles, submits to
Otto I, 202; aids Bavarian revolt, 205;
submits to Otto II, 206; war with Bohemia,
211; 322
Mesco II, Duke of Poland, 144, 258 sq. ,
302; suceeds Boleslav the Mighty, 260;
wars with Conrad II, 260 sq. ; driven out
by Otto Bezprim, 261; succeeds Otto, 261;
submits to Conrad II, 261 sq. ; death of,
262, 300
Mesopotamia, 436; architecture in, 539, 541,
547
Messina, seized by Saracens, 48; by Byzan-
tines, 169
Metz, council at, 41 sq. ; Treaty of, 43, 45;
44; 52; 190; assemblies at, 447; 61; synod
of, 449; see of, 45; bishops of, 209; 250,
294 sq. ; see Adalbero, Dietrich, Drogo,
Walo; abbot of, see John
Meuse, river, 46 sq. , 59, 68, 134; Conrad
of Lorraine defeated on, 197; mouth of,
seized by Count of Holland, 248 sq.
Mézières, 27
Michael II, Eastern Emperor, 524, 546
Michael III, the Drunkard, Eastern Emperor,
451
Michelstadt, Abbey of, 518
Mico of St Riquier, 519, 522 sq.
Middle Angles, King of. See Peada
Middle Kingdom, 286; see Lorraine. See
also Burgundy
Middlesex, hundreds of, 367
Milan, and Arnulf and Lambert, 66;
Lothar II sent to, 157; Otbertines in, 240;
missi sent to, 244; favours Henry II, 246;
118; lords of, see Roger, Stephen
85
2
## p. 683 (#729) ############################################
Index
683
Montrichard, Fulk Nerra at, 108; Hugh of
Amboise at, 119
Montriond, synod of, 282
Mont-St-Michel, siege of (1091), 121
Montsoreau, house of, 118
Morat, seized by Odo II, 143; besieged by
Conrad II (1033), 144 sq. ,
259
Moravia, struggles in, 31, 64, 68; conquered
by Bratislav, 260, 299; bishopric for, 208;
princes of, see Moimir, Svatopluk
Moray, Earl of. See Macbeth
Möre, Earl of. See Rögnvaldr
Morgannwg. See Glamorgan
Morienval, abbey of, 76
Morkere, 384
Morkere, Earl of Northumbria, 398
Morocco, 424, 426
Morosini, the, of Venice, 170
Mortemer, Odo defeated at, 109
Mortimer, revolt of, 466
Mortmain, 464
Morvan (Murmannus), Breton leader, 8 sq.
Mosaic, at Ravenna, 542, 548, 550; at Salo-
nica, 542; in St Sophia, 544 sqq. ; in North
Africa, 547 sq. ; in Milan and Naples, 548;
in St Mark's, 549 sq. , 558; in Sta Maria
Maggiore, 549, 558; in France, 567; at
Aix, 567; Byzantine, sources of, 548 sqq.
Mosara, 412
Moselle, river, 21, 46; Harold penetrates to
(842), 315
Mosuin Mac Armin, Abbot of Bangor, 503 sq.
Mouliherne, siege of (1048), 109
Moulins-la-Marche, lord of, 120
Mouzon, 27
Mozarabs, 429 sq. , 432 sq. , 435, 438
Muirchertach, Irish leader, and the Vikings,
324
Muirchu, Life of St Patrick, 505
Mu'izz, Fāțimite Caliph, 422, 424
Mujābid of Denia, conquers Sardinia, 250
Muladies (Muwallad), class in Spain, 414,
429
Mundhir, Emir of Spain, 418
Münster, meeting at, 278
Murcia, 409; Vikings at, 320; discontent in,
413, 416; irrigation of, 432
Mūsā, conqueror of Spain, 409, 431
Mūsā II, “Third King of Spain,” 417
Mushafi, ḥājib in Spain, 424
Muslims in Spain), ch. xvı; boundary (in
756), 410; (in 912), 420; law and institu-
tions, 431 sqq.
Mutonia, 421
Muttenz, Rodolph III makes Conrad II his
heir at, 256, 258
Muwallad. See Muladies
Muzaffar, son of Almanzor, 427 sq.
Mynyw. See St David's
Naples, besieged by Saracens, 49; independ-
ence of, 150; 151; besieged by Caliph
Manşūr, 166, 169; Otto III and, 176;
captured by Paldolf IV, 268; MS. at, 514;
baptistery at, 548; dukes of, see Andrew,
John, Sergius
Narbonne, Bishop of. See Bartholomew
Nardulus, Nardus. See Einhard
Narni, Bishop of. See John XIII, Pope
Nasr, 416
Naumberg, bishopric of Zeitz removed to,
260
Navarre, 410, 421 sqq. , 425, 438, 441; con-
quers Leon, 428; military tenure in, 464;
kings of, see Garcia, Sancho
Nayland, 394 note
Naze, the, 395
Neidingen, death of Charles the Fat at, 62
Nekur, attacked by Vikings, 320
Nemesianus, 522
Nennius, author of Historia Brittonum, 342
Nestor, Russian chronicler, cited, 327
Nether Wroughton (Ellandun), battle at, 345
Neustria, given to Louis III, 57; March of,
71, 73; 83; and the Northmen, 86 sq. ;
formation of the March, 91 sq. , 94; decay
of the March, 95 sq. ; 104; marquesses of,
see Hugh, Odo, Robert
Neustrians, 23, 27, 74
Nevers, given to Pepin, 10; count of, see
Landry
Newburgh, William of, cited, 513
Niall Glundubh, Irish leader, and the Vi.
kings, 324
Nice, Bishop of, 282
Nicephorus, Chronography of, 528
Nicephorus Phocas, Eastern Emperor, in
Italy, 150; as Emperor, 167
Nicholas I, Pope, 40 sqq. , 449 sqq. ; 525 ;
claims of, 452 sq. ; 455
Nicholas Picingli. See Picingli
Nile, river, architecture in valley of, 540
Nilus, St, of Calabria, 173
Nimeguen, 13; assemblies at, 15, 21, 248;
burnt by Vikings, 59; diet at, 250; synod
at, 251; Henry III married at, 274; meets
dukes of Lorraine at, 284 sq. ; Charle-
magne's palace at, 293, 561
Nisibis, academy at, 486
Nithard, Bishop of Liège, 278
Nithard, Abbot of St Riquier, historian,
24 note, 444, 534
Nivelles, convent of, 60; abbess of, see Gisela
Nivernais, the, Northmen defeated in, 93
Noirmoutier, Viking settlement at, 316
Nomenoë, Breton King, 9, 30 sq. ; death of,
33
Nonantula, John, Abbot of. See John XVI,
Pope
Nordalbingians, the, campaign of Charles
the Great against, 312; submit to Den-
mark, 313
Nordgau of Bavaria, made a margravate, 206;
war in (1003), 223; margraves of, see
Berthold, Henry, Otto
Najda, slave general, 422
Nájera, 421, 440
Nantes, plundered, 30, 33; added to Brittany,
33; 128; Vikings at, 87; counts of, see
Hoel, Lambert
## p. 684 (#730) ############################################
684
Index
Norfolk, 392, 400; hundreds of, 367; Scan-
dinavian influence in, 337
Normandy, foundation of, 73 sq. , 92, 94 sq. ,
97, 322; Hugh the Great suzerain of, 83;
Henry I and, 108 sqq. ; Philip I and,
111 sq. ; revolts in, 120-1; Danes from
England in, 365; Scandinavian influence
in, 330, 333, 338; government of, 127 sq. ;
dukes of, see Richard, Robert, Rollo,
William
Normans, the, 86 sqq. ; beginnings of their
power in South Italy, 268; 296; at battle
of Civitate, 298; see also Normandy
Northampton, burh, 356; submits to Aethel-
fleda, 323, 363 sq. ; attacked by Anlaf, 368;
burnt by Danes, 382
Northamptonshire, 398; hundreds of, 367;
Scandinavian influence in, 336 sq. ; earl
of, see Waltheof
North Mark, 202 note; 238; margraves of,
see Dietrich, Liuthar, William
Northmen. See Vikings
Northumberland, earls of, see Eadulf, Siward
Northumbria, kingdom of, 340 sq. ; disorders
under Eardwulf, 341; conquered by Vi.
kings, 318 sq. , 322 sqq. , 333, 348 sq. ,
350 sqq. ; raided by Olaf, 381; art and
learning in, 553 sqq. ; continental art
and, 556, 559; Scandinavian influence in,
336 sq. , see Bernicia, Deira, Northum-
berland, Yorkshire; kings of, see Aelle,
Aethelred, Aldfrid, Eanred, Eardwulf,
Ecgberht, Halfdanr; earls of, see Morkere,
Siward, Tostig
Norway, assists Denmark against Otto II,
205; Vikings of, 311; 327; see Vikings;
subject to Denmark, 380; Christianity in,
313 sq. ; civilisation of, 328 sqq. ; see Scan-
dinavia; kings of, see Hákon, Harold,
Knut, Magnus, Olaf, Svein
Norwich, burh, 356, 382; cathedral, 563, 567
Notker Balbulus, Sequences and Gesta Karoli
of, 530 sq. ; life of St Gall by, 534; as a
musician, 535
Notker Labeo, 530
Nottingham, Vikings at, 319; 323; 351, 353;
burh of, 355, 364
Nottinghamshire, 406; Scandinavian in.
fluence in, 336 sq.
Nouy, battle of (1044), 108
Novalesa, Abbeyof, destroyed, 152; chronicler
quoted, 213 sq.
Novara, besieged by Ardoin, 244; see of, 165,
245; bishop of, see Peter
Novgorod, settlement in, by Rurik, 327
Noyon, Hugh Capet crowned at, 84; North-
men at, 85, 88; bishopric of, 97; cathedral,
562
Nuremburg, first mention of, 304
Oakley, battle of, 349
Obo, King of Hungary, 278, 303; raids
Bavaria, 279 sq. , 303 ; 307; defeat and
death of, 285
Obodritzi. See Obotrites
Obotrites (Abotrites, Obodritzi), 6 sq. , 31,
313; and Christianity, 186, 249, 304; burn
Hamburg, 208, 249; allies of Conrad II,
260; princes of, see Ceadrag, Godescalc,
Mistislav, Slavomir
Ocsonoba (Algarve), 409, 418; mines at, 432
Oda, Archbishop of Canterbury, 368, 372;
church reformer, 373
Odda, alderman, 355
Odda, granted Svein's earldom, 394, 397
Odense, bishopric founded at, 208
Oder, river, and Otto l's supremacy, 192;
and Boleslav's state, 222; a trade route,
326
Odilo, Abbot of Cluny, 242, 255; and the
“Truce of God," 282
Odo (Eudes), King of France, Marquess of
Neustria, 75 note; Count of Paris, 61, 321;
made king, 63, 71 sq. ; 81; 84 sqq. ; death
of, 73
Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 470
Odo, Bishop of Beauvais, 45
Odo, St, Abbot of Cluny, 155, 527
Odo (Henry), Duke of Burgundy. See Henry
Odo Borel, Duke of Burgundy, 123 sq.
Odo, Duke of Gascony, 129
Odo (Eudes) I, Count of Chartres, Blois, etc. ,
95, 102, 143 note
Odo (Eudes) II, Count of Blois and Cham-
pagne, 105 sq. ; relations of, with Robert
the Pious, 117; policy of, 123; claims
Burgundy, 143 sq. ; 256 sqq. ; 262; 273;
overcome by Conrad II, 259; death of, 107,
145, 267
Odo, Count of Orleans, 14
Odo, Count of Troyes, 35 sqq.
Odo, son of Robert the Pious, 108 sq.
Odo-Harpin, Viscount of Bourges, 111
Odoacer, 39
Odulric (Ulric), Archdeacon of Langres, made
Archbishop of Lyons, 279; murdered, 279
Offa, King of Mercia, 340, 343; laws of, 358;
coins of, 554
Offa's Dyke, 341
Ogbourne, 403 note
Ohthere, voyages of, 535
Olaf the Peacock, in Iceland, 332
Olaf the Stout, King of Norway, 384, 388 sq.
Olaf Tryggvason, King of Norway, Viking
leader, in East Anglia, 324; 332; 381;
384
Olaf the White (Amhlaeibh), Norse King of
Dublin, 317 sq. , 351 sq. ; in Scotland, 325
Olaf (Olafr, Anlaf) Guðfriðson, King of
Dublin and York, 323, 368
Olaf (Olafr) Sigtryggson (Anlaf Sihtricsson),
“Cuaran," driven from York, 323, 366,
368; revolts, 370; death of, 330
Öland, Anglo-Saxon coins in, 333
Oldenburg, see of, 305 sq. ; bishop of, see
Bernard
Olég (Helgi), Kiev conquered by, 327
Olga, Russian Queen, 201
Olmütz, bishopric founded at, 208
Olney (Glouc. ), 385
## p. 685 (#731) ############################################
Index
685
346;
Omar ibn Hafşün, 417 sqq. ; death of, 420
Ongendus (Angantýr), King of Denmark, 314
Optatianus Porphyrius, Publilius, “figured”
poems of, 512, 520
Oran, 421
Orange, Prince of. See William
Orba, siege of, 246
Orbe, interviews at, 34, 42
Ordoño I, King of Leon, 417
Ordoño II, King of Leon, 421
Ordoño III, King of Leon, 422
Ordoño IV, the Bad, King of Leon, 423 sq.
Orford, 377
Origen, 493
Orkneys, the, Vikings in, 318, 325 sq. ,
Scandinavian influence in, 334 sq. ; earls
of, see Einar, Sigurðr
Orleans, 14, 16 sq. , 19; Charles the Bald at,
32; Vikings' raids on, 33, 87; 36; import-
ance of, 96, 104, 111; interdicted, 132;
MSS. at, 519, 521; bishops of, see Arnulf,
Jonas, Theodulf; counts of, see Matfrid,
Odo
Ormside Cup, the, 555
Ornois, the, 27; partition of, 45
Orosius, History of the World of, 358; 508;
527; 535, 537
Orseolo, Doge of Venice. See Pietro Orseolo
Orta, Bishop of. See Arsenius
Ortivineas (? Orvignes), 43
Orvieto, cathedral of, 563
Orwell, river, 385
Osbeorht, 350 sq.
Osbern Pentecost, 395
Osburh, wife of Aethelwulf, 352
Oscar, Danish king, 32
Oscellum, 35 sq. , 40
Oscytel, 353
Osferth, 360
Osgar, 374
Osketel Presbyter, 406
Osma, 420 sq.
Osnabrück, Bishop of. See Benno
Osulf, 519
Oswald, Bishop of Worcester, 374 sq. ; at
Fleury, 373; management of his estates,
375, 377 sq. , 404; Archbishop of York, 378
Oswaldeslau, 377
Oswulf, high reeve of Bamborough made jarl
of Yorkshire, 370
Ota. See Auðr
Otbert, Marquess and Count, 157, 161
Otbert II, Marquess, 240, 244
Otbertines, House of, 240, 242, 244 sqq. ,
founds archbishopric of Magdeburg, 232;
missi of, revived, 244; Burgundy, 247;
Cordova, 423 note; deposes John XII,
455; death of, 167, 204; descendants of,
143 note, 204, 205 note, 209, 215; epic
upon, 532; compared with Henry II, 230sq.
Otto II, Emperor, King of Germany, 101,
143 note, 195, 205 note; King of Italy,
161; marriage of, 167, 203; coronations of,
201, 203 sq. ; Bavarian revolts, 204 sqq. ;
subdues the Danes, 205; War of the Three
Henries, 207; attacked in Lorraine, 80,
207; invades France, 80, 208; in Italy,
168 sq. , 208; defeat by Saracens, 169 sq. ;
relations with Venice, 170; progress of
Christianity under, 208 sq. ; heathen re-
action, 209, 212; see of Magdeburg, 232;
death of, 80, 170, 209
Otto III, Emperor, King of Germany, 143
note, 205 note; born, 208; education, 173,
212 sq. ; minority of, 80 sq. , 171; Bavarian
revolt against, 204; struggle for regency
of, 209 sqq. ; recovers crown from Henry
the Wrangler, 210; begins to rule, 212;
advisers of, 213; relations with France,
102 sq. ; wars in the east, 211; and north,
212; enters Italy, 172, 176 sq. , 212; re-
organises the chancery, 174, 213; decree
on serfdom, 221; opens Charles the Great's
tomb, 213 sq. ; neglects Germany for Italy,
173–4, 214; death of, 141, 177, 214 sq. ;
succession to, 215 sq.
Otto IV, Emperor, of Brunswick, 147
Otto Bezprim, Duke of Poland, 260 sq.
Otto, Duke of Burgundy, 75 note, 83, 94
Otto, Duke of Carinthia, 204, 205 note, 206,
239, 252; deposed and reinstated, 209,
212; declines the crown of Germany,
215 sq. ; sent to Italy, 221
Otto, son of Ricwin, Duke of Lorraine, 191
Otto, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 77 note, 104,
239, 248
Otto, Duke of Saxony, 70 note
Otto, Duke of Swabia and Bavaria, 195, 204,
205 note ; 206; in Italy, 208 sq.
Otto of Schweinfurt, Margrave of Nordgau,
299; made Duke of Swabia, 294
Otto, Count Palatine in Lower Lorraine,
made Duke of Swabia, 287, 289, 307
Otto, Count of Hammerstein, 250 sqq.
Otto, Count of Lomello, 213
Otto, Count of Savoy, Marquess of Turin,
299
Otto, son of Count of Vermandois, 207
Otto-William, Count of Mâcon, “Count of
Burgundy,"106, 141 sq. , 247 sq. ; death of,
143
Oundle, 376
Ouse, river, 319, 359, 384
Ovid, 343; 519; scholiast on the Ibis of,
499
Oviedo, 423
Owel, Lough, Turgeis drowned in, 317
Oxford, placed under defence of Wessex, 363;
Danes in, 383; 386 sq. , 389, 398
9
264 sqq.
Otford, 385
Otto I, the Great, Emperor, King of Germany,
78, 101; seizes Burgundy, 140, 156; 143
note; 157; in Italy, 158 sq. , 194, 201 sq. ;
defeats the Hungarians, 160; King of
Italy (961), 161; becomes Emperor, 162,
201; drives out Berengar, 163; rule of, 164;
reign of, 164 sqq. , 186 sqq. ; marriage of,
183, 195, 366; the organisation of the
Empire, 213; builds castle at Ghent, 228;
## p. 686 (#732) ############################################
686
Index
Oxfordshire, under Mercian Law, 357; hun.
dreds of, 367; Danes in, 382 sq.
Pacificus, archdeacon, and Verona library,
521
Paderborn, assembly at (815), 6; Kunigunda
crowned at, 218; bishopric of, 232
Pailhas, county of, 90
Palace, Counts of the. See Hugh of Beau-
vais, Sarlio; see also Count Palatine
Palatine. See Count Palatine
Paldolf I (Pandulf) Ironhead, Prince of
Capua-Benevento, 161; receives Spoleto,
166; death of, 169
Paldolf II, Prince of Benevento, 169
Paldolf IV, Prince of Capua, recovers Capua
and takes Naples, 268; driven out and
restored, 292
Paldolf V of Teano, Prince of Capua, 268
Paldolf, Prince of Salerno, 169
Palermo, seized by Saracens, 48
Palestine, 489; 'Abd-ar-Raḥmān I in, 410;
art in, 549 sq.
Palladius, St, missioner to Ireland, 501
Pallig, Viking leader, 381 sq.
Palmyra, catacomb at, 541 sq.
Pampeluna, 8, 410, 421
Pando, Gastald, 49
Pange Lingua, hymn, 495
Pannonia, 7
Papacy, and the False Decretals, 448, 453
and note; and temporal rulers, Chap. XVII,
and archbishops, 452 sq. ; appeals to, ib. ;
kings of Germany, 454; counts of Tus-
culum, 454; degradation of, in 9th century,
454 sq.
; degradation of, in 10th century,
101 sq. , 151, 154, 161, 163, 171, 455; pro-
vincial churches, 455, see Liber Pontifi-
cialis ; Popes, see Agapetus, Alexander,
Benedict, Boniface, Clement, Eugenius,
Formosus, Gelasius, Gregory, Hadrian,
John, Leo, Nicholas, Paschal, Paul, Ser-
gius, Stephen, Sylvester, Urban, Valen-
tine, Zacharias
Papal States, 5, 29, 154, 162, 453
Parenzo, basilica at, 548
Paris, 2, 25; 85; 104; plundered by Vikings,
35, 40; siege of (845), 330; siege of (885),
60 sqq. , 321 sq. , 529; assembly at, 113;
Otto II at, 208; MSS. at, 519 sqq. ; 525
sqq. ; cathedral of, 566; Remigius teaches
at, 527; bishops of, 496, see Galo,
Joscelin, Reginald; counts of, see Bego,
Conrad, Gerard, Hugh, Odo, Robert
Parma, revolt and destruction of, 267; Al-
cuin at, 514; see of, 165
Parrett, river, 355
Paschal I, Pope, 5 sq. , 314
Paschal II, Pope, and Philip I, 113 sq, 133
Paschasius Rad bertus, political writer and
theologian, 10, 12, 14, 445, 533
Passau, captured by Otto II, 206; see of,
206; bishops of, see Pilgrim, Richer
Passavant, fief of Anjou, 118
Paterna (Valencia), 432
3
Paterno, death of Otto III at, 177, 214
Patriciate, importance of, 291, 306
Patrick, St, and Irish learning, 501; 502; 505
Patrimony of Peter. See Papal States
Paul, St, letters of, to Seneca, 516
Paul I, Pope, sends Greek books to Pepin,
515
Paul Aurelian (St Pol-de-Léon), 509
Paul the Deacon, 514 sq. , 520
Paul, Duke, revolt of, 493
Paul the Silentiary, cited, 544 sq.
Paulinus of Nola, poet, 533 sq.
Paulus Albarus of Cordova, 523
Pavia, 43, 51; assembly at (878), 56; 60;
Guy crowned at, 65; submits to Arnuli,
66; Rodolph II crowned at, 136; Louis
(the Blind) crowned at (900), 138; 149;
154; Otto I at, 140, 159, 195; Hungarians
at, 148, 153; Otto III at, 172; Berengar
II crowned at, 194; Ardoin crowned at,
220; Henry II crowned at, 224; massacre
in, 224; Henry II at, 242, 244; missi for,
244; forfeitures granted to, 245; synods
at, 251; 291; diet at, 266; Imperial palace
at, burnt, 257, 263 sq. ; bishop of, see
John XIV, Pope
Pawton, 344
Payerne, monastery of, 144, 255; Conrad II
crowned King of Burgundy at, 259
“Peace of God," 282, 457, 465
Peada, King of Middle Angles, 554
Peene, river, and see of Bremen, 297
Pelagius, at Jerusalem, 503
Pelayo, King of Asturias, 409 sq.
Pembrokeshire, Viking influence in, 326
Penne, see of, 165
Pentapolis, the, seized by King Hugh, 154;
given to the Pope, 162, 174
Pepin, the Short, King of the Franks, 454;
515
Pepin I, King of Aquitaine, 3, 8, 13; receives
Gascony and Toulouse, 10; rebellion of,
14 sqq. ; expedition against, 17; receives
Maine, 18 sqq. ; death of, 21
Pepin II, King of Aquitaine, 21 sqq. , 27;
relations with Charles the Bald, 31 sq. ,
33 sqq.
Perelada, county of, 90
Perfecto, 416
Périgueux, counts of, 97
Péronne, meeting of Lothar and Charles the
Bald at (849), 32; Charles the Simple at,
75 sq. , 181; added to Valois, 111
Pershore, 394; Abbey of, 378, 564
Persians, 428, 435
Persius, 508, 521
Peter, Apocalypse of, 488
Peter and Andrew, Acts of, 505
Peter, King of Hungary, 276; allies with
Bratislav, 301, 303; deposed, 278, 280,
303; restored, 285; 288, 290, 303
Peter, Marquess of Spoleto, 153; killed by
the Romans, 154
Peter, Bishop of Como, 213
Peter, Bishop of Novara, 240
9
## p. 687 (#733) ############################################
Index
687
Peter, Bishop of Pavia. See John XIV, Pope
Peter, Bishop of Poitiers, 130
Peter, Bishop of Vercelli, 175, 220
Peter Damiani, 291, 308
Peter of Pisa, 514
Peterborough, monastery of, 375, 379, 564;
soke of, 376. See Medeshamstede
Petrograd, MSS. from Corbie at, 521
Petronius, 527
Pfeddersheim, Charles the Simple at, 180
Philargyrius, commentator on Virgil, 507
Philip, Acts of, in Ireland, 504 sq.
Philip I, King of France, 110 sqq. ; excom-
municated, 113; Ivo, Bishop of Chartres,
and, 131 sqq. ; death of, 114
Philip II, of Swabia, King of the Romans, 147
Philippa, wife of William IX of Aquitaine,
129
Philoxenus, 526
Phænix, A. S. poem, 537
Photius, Patriarch, 450, 528
Physiologus, 488
Piacenza, Louis the Blind at, 138; death of
Lothar II at, 44; Conrad II at, 264; see
of, 175; bishop of, 267; see Guido
Picingli, Nicholas, strategos, 151 sq.
Pickering, paintings at, 567
Picos de Europa, 409
Picot, Sheriff of Cambridgeshire, 470
Picts of Galloway, unite with Strathclyde,
341; conquered by Kenneth Mac Alpin,
350; raided by Olaf, 318; raided by Half-
dene, 353 sq.
Pietro Candiano IV, Doge of Venice, 170
Pietro Orseolo II, Doge of Venice, 177 sq.
Pietro Tribuno, Doge of Venice, 148
Pilate, Pontius, legend of, 505
Pilgrim, Archbishop of Cologne, Chancellor
for Italy, 246; 250 sqq. , 253 sqq. , 273
Pilgrim, Bishop of Passau, 208
Pilsen, Otto, Duke of Swabia, defeated near,
206
Pirminius of Reichenau, Irish missionary,
490, 521
Pisa, growing importance of, 178; and Sar.
dinia, 250; captured by Vikings, 320;
Church of S. Pietro a Grado, near, 567
Pitres, Vikings at, 35; assembly at (862),
40; synod at (862), 452; fortified, 60
Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, 358,
Pliny, the Elder, Natural History of, 488,
516, 521
Pliny, the Younger, Letters of, 518, 521
Poeta Saxo, identity of, 530
Pöhlde, fortified by Henry I, 182; Eckhard
of Meissen slain at, 217; Emperor Henry
II meets Gregory at, 241; Henry III at, 293
Poissy, 96, 104, 107
Poitiers, Judith at, 15; Vikings at, 33; siege
of (955), 83, 91; Philip I at, 112; Coun.
cil of (1078), 113; Aquitaine and, 129;
battle of (732), 409; bishop of, see Peter
Poitou, 31; and Aquitaine, 129; “rain of
blood” in, 131
Poland, Christian missions to, 202; extent
of, 222, 261 sq. ; wars with Henry II, 223,
225 sqq. , 239, 247; partitioned by Conrad
II, 273, 300, 302; 143 sq. ; submits to
Henry the Wrangler, 210; war with Bo-
hemia, 211; loses Moravia, 260, 299; dukes
of, see Boleslav, Casimir, Mesco, Otto
Bezprim
Pol-de-Léon, St. See Paul Aurelian
Polei (Aguilar), 419
Polemius, Bishop of Asturica, 490
Pombia, Liudolf dies of fever at, 160, 201
Pomeranians attack Poland, 300; prince of,
see Zemuzil
Pompeii, vaulted structures at, 541
Pompeius Festus, Glossary of, 514 sq.
Pontefract, 370
Pontelungo, Diet at, 225
Ponthieu, 16; 398; and the Flemish March,
92; count of, see Guy
Ponthion, palace of, 36, 50; assembly at
(876), 51
Pontianus, African bishop, 489
Pontlevoy, battle at (1016), 108, 123
Pontoise, claimed by William the Conqueror,
112
Poperinghe, allodial estates at, 460
Poppo, Bishop of Brixen. See Damasus II,
Pope
Poppo of Babenberg, Archbishop of Trèves,
248; given Duchy of Swabia, 249; 278
Poppo, Patriarch of Aquileia, 251, 265, 266
Poppo, Abbot of Stablo (Stavelot), 271, 277,
284, 293
Porchester, 357
Porphyrio, 526
Porto, bishop of. See Formosus, Radoald
Portsmouth, 384
Posen, Henry II defeated near, 227
Powys, 341; invaded by Ceolwulf, 343; con-
quered by Rhodri Mawr, 350
Prague, Henry I meets St Wenceslas at, 184;
see of, 206, 208, 301; bishops of, see Adal-
bert, Severus; Boleslav of Poland at, 223;
Jaromir invested Duke at, 225; relics re-
moved from Gnesen to, 300
Predestination, controversy on, 524, 533
Pressburg, siege of, 296, 304
Priego, 418
Priene, excavations at, 547
Priscian, grammarian, 525 sq.
Priscianus Lydus, 525
Priscillian, heretic, 512
Priscillianism, 493 sq.
Privileges, given to John XII by Otto I, 162;
given to Benedict VIII by Henry II, 250
Prizlava, battle at, 306
Probus, grammarian, 516
Procopius, cited, 544 sq.
Propertius, 523
Prosper, referred to by Nennius, 343
Provence, apportioned to Charles the Bald,
16, 24; rebellion against Lothar I in, 31;
kingdom of, formed, 34, 137 sq. ; attacked
by Charles the Bald, 40; partition of, 41,
361 sq.
## p. 688 (#734) ############################################
688
Index
137; 42; seized by Charles the Bald, 46,
137; 50; Boso, King of, 57 sq. ; rela-
tions with Burgundy, 137 sq. ; united to
Burgundy, 139; annexed to France, 147;
Saracens in, 152, 155, 168; under King
Hugh, 156, 158; plundered by Vikings,
320; marquessate of, 130; county of, 147;
kings of, see Boso, Charles, Louis; mar-
quesses of, see Bertrand, Hugh; counts of,
see William
Proverbia Gaecorum, 504, 525
Prudentius, poet, 516, 519, 534
Prüm, burnt by Danes, 59; abbey of, 18,
34, 60, 467
Prussians attack Poland, 300
Pseudo-Isidore, 297, 448
Pseudo-Symeon Magister, 149 note
Pydershire, 345
Pyrenees, 90, 441; Charles the Great crosses,
413
6
Quarantaine le Roi, 465
Quatre-Métiers,” the, and Flanders, 122
Quedlinburg, and Henry the Fowler, 182,
185 sq. ; plot against Otto I at, 190 sq. ;
Henry the Wrangler proclaimed king at,
210; compact with Wends at, 226; Henry
III at, 297, 302; abbey of, 276, 290; ab-
besses of, see Adelaide, Beatrice; Qued-
linburg Annals, cited, 212, 254 note 3
Quentovic, pillaged, 30
Quia Emptores, English statute of, 463
Quierzy (Kiersy), assemblies at (820), 8;
(857), 36; (877), 52 sq. , 55; 58; 61; 446;
Louis I at, 19, 21
Quimperlé, abbey of St Croix at, 560
Quintilian, 522
Quo Warranto, inquest of, 466
Ramsbury, Abbey of, 561
Ramsbury, see of, 362
Ramsey, abbey founded at, 375, 378 sq. , 475,
560; abbot of, see Wichmann
Ranulf, Count of Aversa, 268, 292
Ranulf (Ralph) Flambard, Bishop of Dur-
ham, 133
Raoul (Radulf, Rudolf), King of France,
Duke of Burgundy, 75, 181; and the
Northmen, 87 sq. ; 93; 138; 156; death
of, 76
Raoul III, Count of Valois, 111
Raoul, Viscount of Le Mans, 118
Raphael, Biblical pictures of, 549
Rara (perhaps Rohr), Diet at, 210
Ratbold, Bishop of Verona, 11
Ratheri, Bishop of Verona, 156
Ratisbon (Regensburg), meeting of Rodolph
I and Arnulfat, 64,135; besieged by Henry
the Fowler, 180; taken by Liudolf, 197; be-
sieged by Otto I, 198 sq. ; convent at, 205;
assembly of princes at, 206; Wendish
embassy at, 228; St Emmeram's, 236;
Bratislav does homage at, 278, 301; Leo IX
at, 296; Victor II at, 298; bishops of, see
Gebhard, Wolfgang
Ratramn, of Corbie, 533
Ravenna, assemblies at (880), 57; (898), 67;
58; seized by King Hugh, 154; Otto I at,
162; Otto III at, 172; Henry II at, 242;
251; synod at, 242 sq. ; Conrad II and mas-
sacre at, 264; art and architecture in, 547,
553; mosaics at, 542, 548, 550; Church of
S. Vitale at, 543, 548; Church of Galla
Placidia at, 548; statue of Theodoric at,
521 ; tomb of Theodoric at, 548; ivory
throne at, 548, 550, 555; see of, 175 sq. ,
240, 242, 264; archbishops of, 534; see
Adalbert, Arnold, Frederick, Gebhard,
Humphrey, John, John X, Sylvester II,
Widger
Raymond, Count of Barcelona, 427
Raymond-Berengar I, Count of Barcelona,
428
Raymond of St Gilles, Count of Toulouse
129 sq.
Raab, river, Conrad II reaches, 261; Henry
III's victory on, 284
Raban Maur (Magnentius Hrabanus Maurus),
Abbot of Fulda, Archbishop of Mayence,
19, 520 sq. , 532
Rabula, Syrian Gospels of, 558
Radbert, Paschasius. See Paschasius
Radegund, St, Queen of Chlotar I, 495
Radelchis, Prince of Benevento, 49
Radenzgau, given to see of Bamberg, 237 sq.
Radoald, Bishop of Porto, 42
Raghnall. See Ragnarr Loðbrók
Ragnarr Loðbrók, Viking hero, legends of,
318 sqq. , 329 sqq. , 350; identified with
Raghnall, 318; with Reginherus, 319
Ragnfröðr. See Reginfredus
Rainard, monk, 536
Rainier, Duke Spoleto, made Marquess of
Tuscany, 243 sq.
Ralf of Guader, the Staller, 392, 406
Ralf of Mantes, Earl of Herefordshire, 392
sqq. , 396 sq.
Ramiro, King of Aragon, 428
Ramiro II, King of Leon, 421, 422 sq.
Ramiro III, King of Leon, 424; defeat and
death of, 425
Raynald, “Prince,” Count of Burgundy,
287
Raynald, Count, 467
Reading, Vikings at, 352 sq. ; Abbey, 564
Recemund, Bishop of Elvira, 423 note
Recknitz, raided by Otto I and Boleslav, 200
Rectitudines Singularum Personarum, 401 sqq.
Redarii (Wends), the, revolt of, 184, 192,
202, 226
Red Book of the Exchequer, cited, 462 note
Reedham, 406
Reggio, capital of the theme of Calabria,
150; Moslem defeat near (1006), 178
Reggio (in Lombardy), county of, 221; counts
of, see Adalbert-Atto, Tedald; see of, 165;
bishop of, see Adalard
Reginald of Durham, chronicler, 560
Reginald, Count of Herbauges, 20
Reginald, Bishop of Paris, 105
## p. 689 (#735) ############################################
Index
689
9
Reginar (Rainier), chamberlain, 11 sq.
Reginar, the Long-Necked, Duke of Lor-
raine, 68, 70
Reginar III, Count of Hainault, supports
Otto I, 197; rebellion of, 200
Reginar IV, Count of Hainault, 207, 248
Reginar V, Count of Hainault, 254
Reginfredus (Ragnfröðr), joint King of Den.
mark, 313
Reginherus. See Ragnarr Loðbrók
Regino of Prüm, 25, 62 sq. , 534
Regio (Málaga), 412, 417, 420, 432 sq.
Regnald of Waterford, King of York, 365 sq.
Regularis Concordia Anglicae Nationis, 375
Reichenau, Abbey of, 236, 257, 276; 535;
library of, 505 sq. , 521
Remigius, 527
Renard (Reginhard), Count of Sens, 111
Rennes, 14, added to Brittany, 33; March
of, 128; counts of, 126, see also Conan
Renovatio Imperii Romanorum, 213
Repton, 353
Retz, added to Brittany, 33
Rhaetia, given to Charles the Bald, 13
Rhé, monastery of, sacked, 316
Rheims, Stephen IV at, 4; Louis I crowned
at, 5; province of, 16; 59; Odo at, 64;
Charles the Simple crowned at, 73; Robert
I crowned at, 74; 75 sq. ; captured by
Hugh the Great, 78; recaptured by Louis
IV, 79, 193; Lothair crowned at, 80; Hun-
garians threaten, 88; episcopal lordship
of, 97 sq. ; captured by Charles of Lorraine,
99; synod at (996), 102; Gerbert of Aurillac
scholasticus at, 80, 173, 210; dispute con-
cerning see of, 75–78, 194; Hungarians at,
198; Otto II at, 208; French bishops
meet at, 292; Leo IX's synod at, 295;
298; historians of, 534; library of, 521;
Remigius teaches at, 527; 538; Church
of St Remi at, 562; archbishops of, see
Adalbero, Arnulf, Artaud, Ebbo, Fulk,
Gerbert, Hervé, Hincmar, Hugh, Ma-
nasse, Seulf
Rhine, river, 18, 21 sq. , 23, 26 sq. , 34, 37,
Richard I, King of England, 147
Richard, Duke of Normandy, 228, 383, 386
Richard le Justicier, Duke of Burgundy, 58,
86, 93
Richard, Bishop of Albano, 113
Richard, Bishop of Verdun, 289, 292
Richard, Abbot of St Vanne's, 250 sq. , 271,
282
Richeldis, of Hainault, marries Baldwin of
Antwerp, 295
Richer, Bishop of Passau, 69
Richer, historian of Rheims, 534; cited,
82 sq. , 535 sq.
Richessa, 287, 300
Richilda, wife of Charles the Bald, 45, 53,
55, 72
Ricsig, ruler of Bernicia, 353 sq.
Rillé, house of, in Anjou, 118
Rimbert, letter from Ratramn to, 533
Rimbert, Life of St Anskar by, 534
Ringmere, Danish victory at, 382
Ripen, see of, founded, 192
Ripon, burnt, 370
Riustringen, granted to Harold of Den-
mark, 313
Robert the Strong, Marquess of Neustria,
35, 40, 71, 75 note, 91
Robert I, King of France, Marquess of Neus.
tria, 73; King, 74, 181; killed at Sois-
sons, 75, 87
Robert II the Pious, King of France, 91, 99
sqq. ; marriage of, 103 sq. ; domain of, 104
sqq. ; character of, 105; Fulbert and, 131
sq. ; Ardoin and, 221 ; joins Henry II
against Flanders, 106, 228; Henry II and,
251 ; 257
Robert I, Duke of Burgundy, son of King
Robert II, 107, 123 sq.
Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, 111 sq. ,
114, 120 sqq. , 128
Robert the Magnificent (or the Devil), Duke
of Normandy, 107; dies, 109
Robert the Frisian, Count of Flanders, 111,
122
Robert, Count of Troyes, 96 sq.
Robert, son of Wimarc, 392, 394, 406
Robert, Abbot of Jumièges, Bishop of
London, 392; Archbishop of Canterbury,
Rochecorbon, lord of, 119
Rochester, raided by Danes, 312; attacked
by Vikings, 358; bishops of, 367; see
Gundulf
Roderick, King of the Visigoths, 409
Rodolf, Norman leader in South Italy, 250
Rodolph I, King of Jurane Burgundy, 63 sq. ,
66, 134 sq. ; seizes Basle, 69; 143 note
Rodolph II, King of Jurane Burgundy, 135
sq. ; King of Italy, 136, 153; Treaty with
King Hugh, 139, 156; death of, 140, 156;
143 note; 180
Rodolph III, King of Burgundy, 106 sq. ;
227; 246 sqq. ; 264; reign of, 140 sqq. ;
makes Henry II his heir, 141, 256; ac-
knowledges Conrad II's title, 142 sq. , 256,
44
393 sqq.
46, 52; interview between Charles the
Simple and Henry I on, 74 ,181; 134, 136;
189 sq. ; Hungarians cross, 198; raid of
Chocilaicus on, 309; and Viking raids,
321; 331; Scandinavian influence in lower
basin of, 338
Rhodophylus, the eunuch, 149 note
Rhodri Mawr, King of North Wales, 364 ;
conquers Powys, 350
Rhone, river, 26 sq. , 38, 56, 139, 146, 259,
416
Rhôs. See Rus
Rhuddlan, battle at, 341; 397
Riade (? Rittburg), Hungarian defeat at (933),
185
Ribagorza, 90, 428; lord of, see Gonzalo
Ribble, 400
Ribe, church at, 314
Ribemont, Treaty of (880), 57
Ribera, cited, 430, 433, 435
7
C. MED. HIST. VOL. ITI.
## p. 690 (#736) ############################################
690
Index
258; refuses support to Ernest of Swabia,
257 ; death of, 123, 143, 258
Rodrigo Ximenez de Rada, Archbishop of
Toledo, 426
Roger the Old, lord of Petit Montrevault,
118
Rögnvald, Northman, leader, 87
Rögnvaldr, Earl of Möre, 322, 326
Rohan, Breton house of, 464
Rohr (Rara), Diet at, 210
Roland, 413
Rollo (Hrollaugr, Hrolfr), Duke of Nor-
mandy, settles in Normandy, 73, 75, 86,
322 sq. , 365; death of, 76
Romagna, 240
Romance language, the, 27
Romanus I Lecapenus, Eastern Emperor, 155
Romanus II, Eastern Emperor, 155; 167
Romanus, Senator of all the Romans. See
John XIX, Pope
Rome, 4sq. , 28 sq. , 31, 43; Louis II crowned
at, 47; sacked by Saracens (846), 49;
Charles the Bald crowned at, 51; 56;
Council at (865), 452; Charles the Fat
crowned at, 58; Arnulf crowned at, 66;
trial of Formosus in, 67; Louis the Blind
crowned at, 138, 149; Otto I crowned at,
140, 162; factions in (903–28), 151,
153 sq. ; rule of Alberic, 154 sq. ; rule of
John XII, 161 sqq. ; siege of, 164; dis-
affection in, 164 sq. , 168; Otto II crowned
at, 167, 204, 388; dies in, 209; rule of
Crescentius II in, 171 sq. ; Otto III crowned
at, 172; as capital, 174; revolt of, 176 sq. ;
rule of Crescentius III in, 177, 241;
Henry II and, 241, 243, 251; Conrad II
crowned at, 143, 264; Roman law to pre-
vail in, 267; Henry III and, 291, 306;
Alfred and Aethelwulf in, 349; Burbred
dies at, 353; Christian academy at, 486;
Alcuin at, 514; Byzantine art in, 557 sq. ;
vaulted structures at, 541; churches at:
Sta Croce in Gerusalemme, 536; St
Helena, 542; S. Clemente, 548; Sta
Maria Maggiore, 549, 558; Sta Maria
Antiqua, 554 sq. , 558 sq. ; St Theodore,
557
Romsey Abbey, Rood of, 556; paintings at,
567
Romuald, St, of Ravenna, 173, 177
Roncaglia, court at, 298
Roncesvalles, 8, 413, 421
Roric (Hroerekr), brother of Harold, King
of Denmark, settles in north Frisia, 313,
315 sq. , 320 sq.
Roscommon, Viking raids in (807), 312
Ross, Scandinavian influence in, 335
Rossano, Otto II at, 169 sq. ; purple MS. at,
550, 558 sq.
Rosstall, skirmish at (954), 198
Rothad, Bishop of Soissons, 452 sq.
Rothaid, daughter of Charles the Great, 2
Rothfeld, the, 18
Rotilda, daughter of Guy of Spoleto, 48
Rouen, assembly at (824), 6; Northmen
at, 32, 60; 316; granted to Rollo, 73, 86,
94, 322; 87 sq. , 127; siege of (946),
193; 386; 398
Roussillon, county of, 90, 130; Vikings in,
320
Rudolf of Habsburg, King of the Romans,
147
Rudolf of Rheinfelden, Duke of Swabia,
146, 288
Rudolf, brother of Judith, 14 sq.
Rudolf of Fulda, 533
Rueda, battle of, 425
Rufinus, 508
Rurik (Hroerekr), settles in Novgorod, 327
Rus, in Russia, 327 sq. ; besiege Constanti.
nople, 320, 327
Rūs, Vikings, 328
Russia, and Otto I, 201; war with Poland,
211, 239, 247; Otto Bezprim flees to,
260; and Henry III, 280; relations to
Scandinavia, 326 sqq. ; 338; grand duke
of, see Vladimir
Russian Sea. See Black Sea
Ruthwell, cross at, 514, 554 sq.
Rutland, Scandinavian influence in, 336 sq.
Saalfeld, plots against Otto I at, 189, 195
Saavedra, cited, 426
Sabina, the, and the Papacy, 162, 164,
243
Şafi, caid, besieges Bari (1002), 177
St Aignan of Orleans, Abbey of, 76
St Albans, 359; monastery, 379, 564, 567
St Amand, taken from Flemish March, 93
St Arnulf's of Metz, 43
St Asaph (Llanelwy), church of, 342
St Basle, monastery of, of Verzy, 78; Coun.
cil of, 100, 103, 211
St Bavo, Ghent, monks of, 228
St Benet, Holme, monastery of, 388
St Benignus, Dijon, Abbot of. See William
St Benoît-sur-Loire. See Fleury
St Bernard pass, Great, 136; crossed by
Charles the Bald, 53; Maiolus captured at,
168; Tuscans and Lombards cross, 259
St Bertin, Abbey of (at St Omer), 92, 358,
373; abbots of, see Adalard, Hugh
St Brice's day, massacre of, 382
St Brieuc, 33 note; 128
St Clair-sur-Epte, treaty of (911), 73, 86, 94,
322, 364
St Cyr, seized by Fulk Rechin, 119
St David's (Mynyw), church of, 342, 358, 509
St Denis, 2, 19; 25; abbey of, 30 note; 76;
library of, 521,524; abbots of, see Hilduin,
Louis; Paschal II and Philip I at, 114;
stained glass at, 565; mosaic at, 567
St Edmund's Bury. See Bury St Edmunds
St Emmeram, church of (Ratisbon), 69, 236
Saintes, 126; Aquitaine and, 129
St Esteban de Gormaz, 420
St Florent, church of, at Saumur, 126
St Gall, Abbey of, 257, 293, 561; library of,
521, 526; literary productions of, 530 sq. ;
" Monk of," see Notker Labeo
.
## p. 691 (#737) ############################################
Index
691
Ste Geneviève, 61
St Germain-des-Prés, Abbey of, 61; abbots
of, see Hugh, Joscelin
St Germain l'Auxerrois, Abbey at Paris, 61
St Germain of Auxerre, Abbey, 76, 124;
abbot of, see Hugh
St Germer de Flay, 30 note
St Germigny, church at, 560 sq. , 567
St Gilles, Romanesque architecture in, 557
S. Leo, castle of, Berengar II besieged in,
162 sq.
St Martin of Tours, Abbey of, 71; Fulk Nerra
and, 126; calligraphy at, 517
Ste Maure, 109; fief of Anjou, 118
St Maurice d'Agaune, Abbey of, 134 sq. , 136
St Maurice of Angers, church of, 126
St Médard, monastery, 18, 444 sq.
St Merri, church of, 61
St Mihiel, cartulary of, 467
St Neots, 347 note
St Omer, Abbey of St Bertin at. See St Bertin
Saintonge, 31; and Aquitaine, 129
St Oswald, Abbey of, Gloucester, 373
St Quentin, 35
St Remi, Abbey, Charles the Simple crowned
at, 73
St Riquier, 14; Abbey of, 35, 76; abbots of,
see Angilbert, Nithard; library of, 519,
521 sq. , 538
St Savin, church at, 567
St Stephen of Dijon, church of, 124
St Valery, Abbey of, 76
St Vannes, abbot of. See Richard
St Wandrille, ravaged by Danes, 32
St Zoilo, 416
Sakkara, excavations at, 547
Salerno, principality of, 48 sq. , 150, 152,
265; united to and separated from Capua,
169; Otto II at, 169 sq. ; 176; reunited
to Capua, 268; separated from Capua,
292; princes of, see Gisulf, Guaimar,
John, Landolf, Manso, Paldolf, Siconolf
Salian Dynasty, founded by Conrad II, 253,
269
Sālim, 410 sq.
Salisbury, 382
Sallust, 491, 521
Salonica, decoration at, 542; Church of
St George at, 542; Church of St Sophia at,
546; Church of St Demetrius, 546
Saltair na Rann, 506
Salzburg, see of, 206; archbishops of, see
Herold, Virgilius
Samarcand, coins from, in Sweden, 333
Sampson, Abbot, 438
Sampson, missioner to Brittany, 509
Sancho, Count of Gascony, 33
Sancho I, King of Aragon, 124
Sancho, Count of Castile, 427
Sancho the Fat, son of Ramiro II, 421;
King of Leon, 422 sqq.
Sancho II, King of Navarre, 420 sq.
Sancho III, the Great, King of Navarre,
428
Sanchuelo. See •Abd-ar-Raḥmān
Sandwich, Edward the Confessor's fleet at,
294; 382; 388 sq.
San Pedro de Roda, monastery of, 90
Sant' Agata, castle of, 268
Santander, 410
Sant' Angelo, cas of, 154; Crescentius II
captured in, 172, 216
Santhià, granted to see of Vercelli, 176
Santiago de Campostela, 426, 441
Saône, river, 26, 46, 134, 146
Sappho, alluded to by Columban, 506
Saracens, the, Chap. xvi; menace of, 8,
28 sqq. , 33 sq. , 44, 47 sqq. , 453; conquer
Sicily, 48, 150; capture St Peter's, 49;
attacks of, 50, 52 sq. ; peace made with,
56; 63; in Provence, 140, 152; in Italy,
149 sqq. , 155, 166 sq. ; driven from Pro-
vence, 168; defeat Otto II, 169 sq. ; re-
newed attacks, 176 sq. ; defeats, 178; at
Otto's court, 201, 203; in Sardinia, 250;
the Vikings and, 316 sqq. , 320; archi-
tecture of, 565
Saragossa, 8, 411, 413, 417 sqq.
Sardinia and Louis I, 6; and the Saracens,
8, 250; and the Byzantine Empire, 178
Sarlio, Count of the Palace, Marquess of
Spoleto, 157
Sassanids, 436
Saucourt, Northmen defeated at, 59, 321
Saul, Bishop of Cordova, 417
Saumur, captured by Fulk Nerra, 108, 126
Savona, counts of, 240, 244; men of, 244
Savonnières, interview at (859), 447; as-
sembly at (862), 41
Savoy, duchy of, formed, 147
Saxon dynasty, founded, 179; 215, 218;
end of, 253, 269; see also Liudolfings
Saxons, the, 23, 26, 179; ally with Vikings,
310; Charles the Great and, 312; Slavs
revolt from, 208, 212; plot with Boleslav,
226, 228; Widukind's history of, 534
Saxony, Widukind in, 413; Viking invasions
of, 7, 31, 59 sq. ; 212; 321; ceded to
Louis the German, 16, 18; 22; 25; given
to Louis the Younger, 51 sq. ; duchy of,
70; invaded by Hungarians, 69, 182, 185,
198; under Henry the Fowler, 181 sqq. ;
under Otto I, 187 sq. , 191, 197 sq. ; sup-
ports Otto III against Henry the Wrangler,
210; accession of Henry II, 216 sqq. ;
accession of Conrad II, 255; raided by
Mesco II, 260 sq. ; war with Lyutitzi, 262;
Henry III and, 276 sq. , 288; dukes of,
see Bernard, Bruno, Herman, Liudolf,
Otto; king of, see Louis
Scaliger, edits the Barbarus, 497
Scandinavia, early history of, 309 sqq. ; spread
of Christianity in, 6 sq. , 313 sq. ; civili.
sation of, 328 sqq. ; trade of, 332 sq. ;
influence of, in Russia, 328; in Ireland,
334; in Scotland, 335; in Man, ib. ; in
England, 366 sqq. See Denmark, Norway,
Sweden, Vikings
Scania, 388
Schalksburg, besieged, 249
## p. 692 (#738) ############################################
692
Index
9
Scheidungen, fortress of, 189
Scheldt, river, 26, 34, 92, 228; Danes settle
on, 59 sq. , 320; 322
Schleswig, Danish fleet at, 312; March of,
founded, 185; Christianity in, 314;
bishopric founded at, 192; ceded to Den-
mark, 263, 274; Otto II and, 205
Scholasticus, office in Rheims cathedral, 80,
210, 535
Schweinfurt, branch of Babenberg family.
See Bucco, Otto, Henry
Schweinfurt (Zuinprod), convent of, 300
Scotland, Vikings in, 318; 325; 346 sq. ;
extended to the Tweed, 350; 388; homage
question with England, 365, 388; southern
influence in, 395 sq. ; Scandinavian in-
fluence in, 334 sq. ; kings of, see Constan-
tine, David, Duncan, Kenneth, Malcolm
Scriptores Gromatici, 536
Scythian, bogus alphabet, 500
Seacourt, 402 note
Sechnall, St, hymn by, 502
Sedulius Scottus, poet, 502 sqq.
