And yet again
required
the setting abroad writings, contrary the him agree his former Recantation.
Complete Collection of State Trials for Treason - v01
Ouly with this we have seen already, and honest Roman difference, that the lord Cobham's Recanta catholic there present gives the Account
tion seems never have been much as seen set down presently, Setting forth writings
him which we cannot certainly say contrary the truth. Things written with this ascribed abp. Cranmer; though both, hand contrary the truth. All such Bills suppose, equally spurious and jesuitical forge which had written signed with his own
les. hand contrary the truth, since his degrada
not here quite unworthy our remark, tion: Wherein had written many things that Cranmer's peculiar punishment burning untrue. ” Which small bills excellently well his right hand, before the rest his body; that agree with the five suspicious small bulls, set right hand which wrote the several Bills Pa down Mr. Fox and Mr. Strype, said Mr. pers whereby gave occasion the report Fox ‘contain only few words, little that he had made real and intire Recanta leaf paper,' but very with one two
tion; seems more accountable the supposi other pretended full and large and express Re tion that was rather the many Bills Papers cantations the protestant religion. And he had incautiously written transcribed with what makes this somewhat the more probable his right hand; than any one two full Re this; that immediately adds, the stake, cantations, which had wickedly consented retractation the worst thing those with his mind, which occasioned that unusual little bills: when
experiment signal detestation. And
any suppose that the consumption, first
right hand, and then the rest his body Whose supremacy yet, owned king,
the fire, while yet his heart, agree, re mained unburnt, was extraordinary, and provi dential; the natural consequence that while his right hand was, after sort, guilty, writing; yet was not his heart, the emblem
queen, and parliament least, not farther, he had owned and submitted himself
pope refused him, his Antichrist, with
The very publishers those four other ungodly Recantation. WILL. Whistox. short Bills ltecantations own, that one of
his mind, properly guilty consenting any
Lyndon, Rutland, Oct. 27, 1732. them, which yet was not worded worse than
PostScro IPT.
the rest, nor was properly any Recantation
the protestant religion all, was soon after re
This was written me before the date tracted himself again, and recalled which ready set down. Nor have altered any thing plainly proves, that when Cranmer was trying
which then wrote; but print now exactly according the original copy. What am now add, with relation the accounts this matter given Mr. Strype, his Me
certain these Concessions Papers like some sort Recantations, whether could save his life, without renouncing the protestant
more than one
mentioned. ever signed.
those five short bills before
Which are suppose that -
religion, his conscience was tender, that Archbishop Cranmer, 383,389, retracted one of those small and modest Con
morials
and the 3d vol. of his Ecclesiastical Memo
rials, 232, 238, which had not seen when wrote the foregoing Paper. Which two
cessions Retractations again and that was almost impossible for him the same time sign either those long and horrible Recantations that his enemies published for him.
Mr. Strype himself, who believed that Cranmer did thus several times openly recant the protestant religion, confesses that the pa pists did print forged Account what Cran mer spake his Execution, and compares
two columns, “What was have spoken, and what the papists gave out (in print falsely) did speak; and what spake in deed; As was hundreds witnesses present notoriously known (o). That they published
print these writings the archbishop, bear
ing this title. “Ail the subscriptions and recan tations Thomas Cranmer, late archbishop Canterbury, truly set forth both Latin and
(n) Mem, Cranmer, 388. (v) Eccl. Mem. 237,238.
Memorials seem me for the same suspicion. observe
afford farther grounds
For we may thence - --
That the five other copies Cranmer's Recantations, given Mr. Strype, four
them are very short, and very like the first branch of the Recantation before us: and
might generally Cranmer's own drawing up, and might signed him like the other, not much against his own opinion yet very capable popish sense also. But the
last not only very long, but very different from the rest; and indeed very like the grossest forgery. Yet does Mr. Strype assure us, his Ecclesiastical Memorials, ‘That this was said written and subscribed Cran
(m) See 249. the present volume.
says, that “as for the Christ's enemy, and his false doctrine (n)”
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s55] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [856
English; agreeably to the originals, and sub think there was none that pitied not his case, scribed with his own hand. Visum & Erami and bewailed his fortune, and feared not his own
natum per Reverendum Patrem & Dominum
D. Edmundum Episcop. Londinensem. ” And
adds, that this profligate bishop Bonner, to
serve an end, prostituted his faith and credit, prived his estate, adjudged die, and
by testifying a thing so notoriously known to ainful death end his life. have no de
be quite otherwise, in relation to the archbi ight increase
shop's last speech before mentioned. ” He also self, that ever
adds, at the conclusion of the first column, that man, and man
“this grievous said printed Lon “But come
don, Cawood, the queen's printer: Cum last, being the 21st March, was his day ap privilegio, ann. 1556. ” And the conclu pointed die. And because the morning was sion the second column adds likewise, much rainy, the Sermon appointed Mr. Dr. that “Cranmer would have spoken the sa Cole made the Stake, was made St. crament, and the papacy: but that they bad Mary's Church. Whither Dr. Cranmer was
may known and prevail with man kind. WILL. WHISTON.
London, March 1735-6.
MR. STRYPE's Account ARchbishop CRAN
upon judge, which was the entry all the inconveniencies that followed. Yet that
excused him, that thought did not malice, but the persuasions and advice
certain Learned Men. Another was, that he
had been the great setter forth this Heresy received into the Church this last time; had
MER's DEATH. Memorials, MR. STRYPE having printed
Account Cranmer's Death, certain grave person unknown,
him, but papist, who was
witness, and related these matters,
very justly, Letter from Oxon
shall here re-print verbatim. And recom: mitted for example-sake. Other causes he
mend the Christian reader's serious perusal alledged, but these were the chief, why was and consideration. - not thought good pardon him. Other causes “But that know for our great friendship, beside, said, moved the queen, and the
and long-continued love, you look even duty, that should signify you the truth
council thereto, which were not meet and con venient for every one understand them.
such things here chanceth among
would not this time have written
unfortunate end, and doubtful tragedy
late bishop Canterbury: because
pleasure take beholding such heavy sights. And when they are once overpassed, like not
384.
remarkable the words
written had disputed, had even to the last hour: and that
continued
had never
chance, see noble prelate, grave counsellor, long-continued honour, after many dignities, his old years de
him down. ’” If brought the mayor and aldermen, and my suspect fraud and lord Williams. With whom came divers gen
“Stop his mouth and
here not great reason
knavery this whole matter, am much mis tlemen the shire, Bridges, John taken. See the like tricking and roguery Browne, and others. Where was prepared about Recantation used the papists, over against the pulpit, high place for him, that learned and excellent person Angelus Me that the people might see him. And when rula; till length they were going burn had ascended kneeled down and pray
him his old age; but that fell down dead ed, weeping tenderly: which moved the stake, before the fire was kindled. Of number tears, that had conceived
which we have full Account Gerard hope his Conversion and Repentance.
Brandt's History the Reformation, the “Then Mr. Cole began his Sermon.
Low Countries. Which also well worth the sum whereof was this. First, He declared
perusal the inquisitive reader upon this oc causes, why was expedient, that should casion. —Nor have published this Paper, suffer, notwithstanding his reconciliation. The which very remote from my general course chief are these, One was, for that had been
stiles
eye and ear been seen this realm, (but
Alas, too much heavy case should betide
deserve
the matter: Saturday
the time of long, hath Friend, been pardoned and that was not re
seems, Schism) that any man continuing
“The second Part touched the audience, you the how they should consider this thing That they should hereby take example fear God; and
little that there was power against the Lord having before their eyes man high de
gree, sometime one the chiefest prelates
though former life, and wretched end, de time man, might thought, greatest serves greater misery any greater might assurance, king his side; notwithstanding have changed, than chanced unto him) yet set. his authority and defence debased
ting aside offences God and country,
*nd beholding the man without faults, (p) See No. 28.
rehearse them again; being but renewing
my woe, and doubling my grief. For council, the second peer the realm long
the Church, archbishop, the chief the
great assured
study and enquiries,
demonstrative evidence; for suspicion: and
pretending great cause this alteration this realm but strong reasons England. And when the matter the order set more pro Divorce, between king Henry 8th, and queen
per persons upon farther researches being Catherine (p), was commenced the court still desirous that what really true and right Rome, having nothing with set
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857] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. —for Treason and Heresy. [858
from an high estate to a low degree; of a coun self, could best devise for mine own com sellor to be a caitiff; and to be set in so wretch fort, and say the prayer, word for word,
ed estate, that the poorest wretch would not have here written it. ’ And he read stand change conditions with him. ing: and after kneeled down, and said the
“The last and end appertained unto him. Lord's Prayer; and the people their Whom he comforted and encouraged to take knees devoutly praying with him. His Prayer
his death well, by many places of Scripture.
And with these, and such, bidding him nothing
was thus: “‘
Father
- heaven;
Son God
mistrust but he should incontinently receive redeemer the world; Holy Ghost, pro
that the thief did : To whom Christ said, Hodie ‘ceeding from them both, three persons and mecum eris in Paradiso. And out of St. Paul one God, have mercy upon me most wretch
armed him against the terrors of the fire, by ‘ed caitif, and miserable sinner. who have this ; Dominus fidelis est: Non sinct vos tentari offended both heaven and earth, and more ultra quam ferre potestis: By the example of “grievously than any tongue can express, whi the three children; to, whom God made the ‘ther then may go, whither should
flame seem like a pleasant dew. . He added
hereunto the rejoicing of St. Andrew in his
cross; the patience of St. Laurence on the
fire: ascertaining him, that God, if he called
on him, and to such as die in his faith, either
will abate the fury of the flame, or give him succour. To thee therefore do run. To strength to abide He glorified God much
his conversion; because appeared only
his work declaring what travel and conference had been used with him convert
‘Son, thou wast not made man, this great mys him, and prevailed not, until pleased God tery was not wrought, for few small
“for succour? To heaven may ashamed
“to lift mine eyes; and earth find re
“fuge. What shall then do? shall despair?
“God forbid. good God, thou art merciful, ‘and refuseth none that come unto thee for
‘thee humble myself: saying, Lord “God, my sins great, but yet have mercy upon me for thy great mercy. God the
his mercy reclaim him, and call him home. “fences. Nor thou didst not give thy Son
discoursing which place, much com
mended Cranmer, and qualified his former doing.
‘unto death, God the Father, for our little
and small sins only, but for the greatest sins of the world: that the sinner return
“And had almost forgotten that Mr. Cole promised him, that prayed for every church
tell you, ‘unto thee with penitent heart; here
“at this present. Wherefore have mercy upon ‘me, Lord, whose property always have
‘mercy. For although my sins great, yet spake the priests present say mass for ‘thy mercy greater. crave nothing,
his soul. Lord, for mine own merits, but for thy name's “When he had ended his Sermon, de “sake, that may glorified thereby: And
sired the people pray him Mr. Cran for thy dear Son Jesus Christ's sake. And mer kneeling down with them, and praying for now therefore, Our Father, which art himself. think there was never such num heaven, &c. "
ber earnestly praying together. For they, “Then rising, said, “Every man desireth, that hated him before, now loved him for his ‘good people, the time their death, give conversion, and hope continuance. They “some good exhortation, that other may remem that loved him before could not suddenly hate ‘ber after their deaths, and the better there him, having hope his confession again his
should have mass and Dirige sung for him; and
fall. love and hope encreased devotion every
‘by. beseech God grant me grace, that may speak something this my departing,
“I side. shall not
First,
glorified, and you edi
Sermon, nance, his heavy chear, his face bedeved with
need,
describe his behaviour, his sorrowful counte ‘many folks
heavy see, case
tears; sometime lifting his eyes hope, sometime casting them down
that much doted upon the love this false world, and careful for that
for shame;
brief, image
sorrow
his eyes
the dolor plenty
his heart bursting out
for the time
‘fied.
should Oxford, and
heaven the earth
therefore. This shall my first exhortation. ‘That you set not over-much this false tears: retaining ever quiet and “glossing world, but upon God and the world grave behaviour. Which increased the pity ‘to come. And learn know what this les men's hearts, that they unfeignedly loved him, ‘son meaneth, which St. John teacheth, ‘That
hoping had been his repentance for his trans ‘the love this world hatred against God. ” gression and error. shall not need, say, —The second exhortation That next unto oint out unto you you can much better “God, you obey your king and queen, willingly imagine yourself. and gladly, without murmur grudging: And
“When praying was done, stood up, and ‘not for fear them only, but much more for having leave speak, said, “Good people, ‘the fear God knowing, that they God's
had intended indeed desire you pray for “ministers, appointed God rule and govern me; which because Mr. Doctor hath desired, “you. And therefore whoso resisteth them, re and you have done already, thank you most “sisteth God's ordinance. —The third Exhorta
heartily for And now will pray my ‘tion That you love altogether like brethren,
‘whereby God may
‘the love God, the love the world ‘come, they seem care very little nothing
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$59] STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [sco
• and sisters. For alas! pity it is to see, what ‘therefore my hand shall first punished. For • contention and hatred one Christian-man hath may come the fire, shall first burned.
“trine. ’
“And here being admonished his Recanta tion, and dissembling, said, Alas, my lord,
man, more than you would hurt your have been man, that my life loved plain ‘own natural and loving brother sister. ness, and never dissembled 'till now against the For this you may sure of, that whosoever truth which am most sorry for. He added
“hateth any person, and goeth about malici hereunto, that forthe Sacrament, believed
• to another: not taking each other, as sisters “And for the pope, refuse him, Christ's ‘ and brothers; but rather as strangers and “enemy and Anti-Christ, with his false doc
‘mortal enemies. But I pray you learn and ‘ bear well away this one lesson, To do good to * men much you lieth, and hurt
‘ously
hinder hurt him, surely, and with had taught his book against the bishop doubt, God not with that man, of Winchester. And here he was suffered
think himself never much speak more.
God's favour. —The fourth Exhortation shall be “So that his speech contained chiefly three
out “although
them that have great substance and riches points, love God, love the king, and love this world, That they will well consider and the neighbour. the which talk held weigh those sayings the scripture. One men very suspense, which depended upon
our Saviour Christ himself, who saith, ‘It the conclusion. Where he far deceived all hard for rich man enter into heaven mens expectations, that the hearing thereat,
sore saying, and yet spoke him, that they were much amazed and let him
knew the 'truth. The second St. John, while, till my lord Williams bad him play the whose saying this, “He that hath the sub Christian man, and remember himself. To stance this world, and seeth his brother
necessity, and shutteth his mercy from him,
how can say, loveth God? Much more
might speak
ficeth not.
every part; but time suf but put you remembrance
“Then was carried away; and great number, that did run see him wickedly
them that rich, ponder
his death, ran after him, exhorting him, while time was remember himself. And one
things. Let
“well those sentences: for ever they had any
friar John, godly and well-learned man, the way travelled with him reduce him. But would not be. What they said par
occasion shew their charity, they have now “at this present, the poor people being
whom answered, “That did: for now spake truth. ”
‘many, and victuals dear. For though ticular cannot tell, but the effect appeared
have been long the great penury
prison, yet have heard the poor. Consider, that
the end. For the stake professed, that died such opinions had taught,
that which given
God. Whom we have not otherwise present corporally with us, but the poor. —And now
my life, whereupon hangeth my life passed,
Brazen-nose-college, laboured converthiin his former Recantation, with the two Spa
and my life come, either saviour Christ heaven, joy, pain ever with wicked devils
live with my else
the poor, given
and oft repented him his Recantation. “Coming the stake with chearful coun tenance, and willing mind, put off his gar for so much am come the last end of ments, with haste, and stood upright his shirt; and batchelor divinity, named Elye,
hell; and
see before mine eyes presently either heaven stancy, they said Latin one another, “Let
ready receive me, hell ready swallow
Ine shall therefore declare unto you my
very faith, how believe, without colour dis
simulation. For now time dissemble,
whatsoever have written times past. —
First, believe God the Father Almighty, knew
Maker heaven and earth, &c. and every ar words more. Whereupon the lord Williams ticle the catholic faith, every word and sen cried, Make short, Make short. Then the
“tence taught our Saviour Christ, his apostles bishop took certain his friends the hand. and prophets, the Old and New Testament. But the batchelor divinity refused take —And now come the great thing that trou him the hand, and blamed others that bleth my conscience more than any other thing did, and said, was sorry that ever came that ever said did my life: And that his company.
And yet again required the setting abroad writings, contrary the him agree his former Recantation. And truth. Which here now renounce, and re the bishop answered, (shewing his hand) “This fuse, things written with my hand, contrary
the truth, which thought my heart, and writ for fear death, and save my life,
many things untrue. And forasmuch my sensibly burning, crying with loud veice, “hand offendcq writing contrary my heart, ‘This hand hath offended. ” As soon the fire
might And that such bills, which
the hand that wrote and therefore shall suffer first punishment. ”—Fire being now put him, stretched out his right hand, and thrust
into the flame, and held there good space, have written signed with mine own hand, before the fire came any other part his since my degradation: Wherein have written body; where his hand was seen every mau
nish friars. But when the friars saw his con
from him; We ought not nigh him: For the devil with him. ' But the batchelor
divinity was more earnest with him. Unto
whom cantation,
answered, That concerning his Re repented right sore, because was against the truth; with other
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soil STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1554. —for Treason and Heresy. [862 got up, he was very soon dead, never stirring or Some pitied see his body tormented with
crying the while. -
“His patience the torment, his courage
dying, had been taken either for the glory God, the wealth his country, the testi
the fire raging upon the silly carcass, that
counted not the folly. Other that passed not much the body, lamented see him spill soul wretchedly without redemption,
mony truth, was pernicious error,
and subversion true religion, could worthily
have commended the example, and matched
with the same any father antient time
But seeing that not the death, but the cause
and quarrel thereof, commendeth the sufferer,
cannot but much dispraise his obstinate stub
bornness and sturdiness dying, and specially ing you quiet life, with less honour; and
evil cause. Surely his death much easier death, with more praise. The 23d grieved every man, but not after one sort. March. Yours, A. ”
51. The Arraignment Sir THoMAs WYAT, knight, minster, for High Treason: MARY, 14th March,
plagued for ever. His friends sorrowed for love: his enemies for pity: 'strangers for common kind humanity, whereby are bound one another. Thus have enforced myself, for your sake discourse this heavy narration, contrary my mind: And being more than half weary make short end, wish
West 1554.
Barnesly Gloucestershire, 9007-8. See Catalogi Librorum Manuscript.
[From the MS. Brereton Bourchier, late
Angliae Hiberniae, tom.
THOU art indicted, Thomas Wyat, knight,
for that thou, the 14th day February,
part 256. Rapin, 131. ]
committed Treason: but now, understanding the great commodity, honour, and surety, which this realm shall receive this marriage,
shall please the queen merciful unto me, there man living that shall more trustily and more faithfully serve her highness,
whatsoever the quarrel be: served the queen's highness against the duke Northumberland,
my lord Arundel can witness: my grand father was upon the rack for her majesty's grandfather: my father served king Henry 8th
and served him likewise; also her grace's
didst, Brentford the county Middle sex, levy war against our sovereign lady and queen, her crown and dignity: How sayest thou? art thou Guilty, no?
Wyat. My lords, should plead Guilty, should not be then excluded afterwards to
use certain things that have say?
Court. You shall, Mr. Wyat, have leave
say and heard what you can.
Wyat. Then my lords, must confess Guil
ty, the end, truth must enforce me
brother, and
witness
my blood lost, the
sty:
lague for my sins, which most grievously either merit advance, for this beastly
[.
must
acknowledge
this
just
field, carry
maim.
alledge
not
this,
against God,
me fall into this beastly brutishness, and -horrible offence of Treason. And me the like, and such, who attempted like
brutishness, miserably which most
committed
who hath suffered
am fallen unto, have not only procured my own
death, but overthrown my house and name, and
defaced my father's well-doings, ever there enterprise from the beginning: for peruse the were any—I will not justify myself any
Chronicles through, and you shall read, that never Rebellion against their natural prince and country, from the beginning, prospered
past, also this my present infelicity, and her mercy bestow him who shall most heinous offence. most miserable, mis most glad serve her highness, and readiest
Henry the 4th was but rebel, for must
call him; continued not long, but the
end definite, fell into the right line again
and the usurpation revenged his blood; for
the love God, you gentlemen that
here, remember, and taught examples which her highness will vouchsafe
chievous, and beastly, furious imagination mine for thought, that the marriage the prince Spain, the second person
die her grace's cause: for protest before
thing, neither can alledge any excuse my offences, but most humbly submit myself
the queen's majesty's mercy and pity; desiring you, my lord Sussex, and you Mr. Hastings,
the queen's the greatest
me
with the rest, mean highness for mercy: for pity
man, and
that which specially hath chosen himself,
treasure that ever God gave
the Judge Judges, this against her highness person.
never meant hurt
realm should have been danger. And The Queen's Attorney. Mr. Wyat, you have who have lived freeman born, should toge great cause sorry and repentant for the ther with my country have been brought fault whereby you have not only undone your bondage and servitude aliens and strangers; self, but also numbers other gentlemen, who which brutish boastliness then seemed reason, being true men, might have served their coun and wrought far, and such effect, try: yet, you had gone further, might led me the use and practice this my the better have been borne withal: not so
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sool STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1834—The Arraignment of Thomas Wya, Isa,
contented, you procured the duke Suffolk, utter durst not, and therefore bold man soon trained your purpose, and his two beat him; thus my man carried the cudgel brothers also, which, without the queen's three days, have beaten him; this may mercy, you have overthrown the noble house: appear, how much abhorred that practice.
yet not staid, you attempted the second per son this realm, who should have been all our comforts, whereby her honour brought into
uestion; what end will come unto, rod knoweth, and this are you the author
Wyat. Good Mr. Attorney, will not any thing justify myself, being decay much, overcharge me not with more mischief, and make or shew be that was not am
loath touch any man openly, but that for mine own discharge, am driven for do; and have given Confession, af
firm, that my lord Devonshire sent Ed Wyat. My lords, my fault most vile
ward Rogers for me come his house, and
when came, he break the whole Treason unto
me; said, that himself would go, and
cannot tell, but said would many ing wholly her mercy, without which can
things: this proves was not the first.
The Queen's Solicitor. As Mr. Attorney hath moved you, that repent your offence,
not challenge any thing sithence my offence committed. have served her highness such sort and degree either could am
all the services have been in, there was never more desperate journey taken hand, and the end continued most desperately. And terms, when Mr. Cornwallis and were sent whereas was ask why queen's
true.
ed
unto you from the queen, you answered us, highness's Pardon unhappy man what
The Master the Horse's Question. Mr. Wyat, were not this your words, and these
That the queen should the Tower, and you have her person with the Tower keep ing, also the treasure, and such the coun
sellors you would require; for you said you had rather be trusted than trust.
shall say *—When was once entered that devilish desperateness, there was way but wade through with that had taken hand; for thought others had been forward
Solicitor. This shall Itebellion, the Rebellion called Wat Tiler's.
ever called Wyat's Wat Tiler was
myself; and following the enterprise, used
possible means that might endure the same, writing my lady Elizabeth, and making Proclamation Southwark. Well, there
Attorney. Mr. Wyat, were you not privy
resteth now the queen's highness, either how the queen should have been slain, she justice death, which justly have deserved
did walk not burden you consent
this: for thus much must say, you disliked It.
with Wat Tiler, make me the world's end else
open example her mercy
Then was the Letter shewed which he wrote the duke Suffolk, Mr. Wyat being then
Southwark, that should meet him King ston-Bridge, and London with him,
although
Wyat
but when
hand. —It was demanded
meant write my lady Elizabeth; and after his Pardon offered, refuse also the bountiful ness the queen my lady Elizabeth's grace, among other things besides recited.
the
save me, and use my service
Wyat. Mr. Attorney, first opened this, her highness thinks me meet and able do:
coming my remembrance when heard Wil liam Thomas would have slain himself, for was his devise; and brake this wise
Nicholas Arnold, the queen were killed,
quoth he, were well, and there not
man do John Fitzwilliams. Sir Ni
cholas Arnold told sir James Croftes, and he told John Fitzwilliams, and John Fitzwillians told me, and thus the 4th hand heard Then made cudgel with whole brent
and albeit that her grace bath this my request writing, yet most humbly beseech you
means the queen's highness for her mercy and pity, which my last hope and only refuge; and beseech God that the
queen may merciful unto me, mean serve her majesty faithfully and truly. God's will be done on me. If there be but two true
men, will the one die her grace's feet:—And ended. The Lords promised
be means for him: his countenance was
doleful, and tears gushed out continually. —He was afterwards executed.
yard
and sought John Fitzwilliams whole
with whole iron and half
day, and could not find him. The next day,
sent the cudgel my man, and bade him
bob him well, for knave but spy, and The following concise Account Tho
came with the fewer company.
the first remembered was shewed him,
such letter;
and heinous, for the which ask God mercy, and next him my sovereign lady and queen, whom most grievously have offended, appeal
for my part, wish you the same: but what able; for have uttered what know all
Account Wyat's Rebellion.
confessed his him, what
meant you first, when you rose, write my lady Elizabeth's grace, that she should remove
further from the queen, and after that my lord of Norfolk's men fled from him Rochester
things, whereby might deliver her highness from such after peril the concealment
bridge you, joyful news you sent my lady Elizabeth your good success, and skie again sent you thanks: not this true?
am bounden thereunto duty and truth, which truly have declared; for think and certainly
believe, she careful over this realm Wyat. What have written, confess, and that her chiefest jejwel,must confess that
traitors treason might prejudice hurt have done this for her highness security,
refused the
such sort
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365] STATE TRIALs, Mary, 1554. —for High Treason. [866
mas Wyat's Conspiracy is extracted from Rapin,
vol. vii. p. 129. * “After the treaty of the queen's marriage with
Wyat, and killed sixty his men. This success alarmed Wyat, that had now resolved consult his own safety (f), when
Philip was made public, complaints and mur unexpected accident inspired him with fresh murs were every where heard. The protestants courage. Sir George Harper, one Wyat's in particular believed themselves lost, and fear adherents, pretending desert him, went
ed to see erected in England a Spanish inquisi the duke Norfolk, and artfully managed tion. But they were not the only murmurers. the trained-bands, that they took part with the Independently of religion, the greatest part of rebels, and quitting the duke, joined Wyat (g). the nation was not frce from the fears of king —With this reinforcement and his other troops, Philip's introducing the Spanish tyranny into making together body 4,000 men, Wyat England, of which the Indies, the Low-Coun marched towards London. He met near tries, the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, and Deptford two messengers from the queen, who the dutchy of Milan, afforded recent instan her name asked what would content him. ces. In a word, few persons could believe He demanded the Tower and the queen's per that the emperor had agreed to the articles son put into his hands, and the council stipulated in the treaty, with any design to
observe them. At last, these murmurs grew
into a conspiracy against the queen, of which
the marriage was either the cause or pretence. The duke of Suffolk, Thomas Wyat (a),
Peter Carew, formed the design general but the advice her council. And, give insurrection. Carew was act Cornwall, them,a proof the confidence she reposed Wyat Kent, and the duke Suffolk them, she resolved stay the city, though Warwickshire, which the center the many advised her withdraw the Tower. — kingdom. Carew managed ill, that his plot
was discovered (b), and one his complices arrested before he had concerted his affairs.
This sent him into France, and Wyat, upon his flight, hastened the execution his enterprize, theugh was the design the conspirators
wait the arrival Philip for more plausible
Wyat the mean time continued his march, and reached the borough Southwark the 3d February, expecting enter the city without
any difficulty. But the bridge being strongly harricaded and guarded, was obliged Inarch along the Thames Kingston, ten miles from London. Here sound the bridge bro ken, and spent some hours repairing He then passed the other side with his army, increased now near 6,000 men. After that,
colour resolving
their insurrection. Wyat therefore
push point, though
was yet few
arms
unprepared,
followers, and gave out took
prevent England from being invaded. After
wards he marched Rochester, from whence carriages, reached Hyde-Park about nine the he writ the sheriff desire his assistance.
But the sheriff, instead espousing his cause,
rcquired him lay down his arms, and assem
bled forces oppose him. —This rebellion interval Harper, who had been serviceable alarmed the court (c), where nothing was ready bringing over the trained-bands, deserted,
went Maidstone
with
continued his march London, and after some time lost repairing one his broken
changed should think proper. This demand being rejected, the queen repaired Guildlall, and acquainted the magistrates with Wyat's answer. She then spoke her mar riage, and told them she had done nothing
morning, the 7th February. The time un seasonably spent repairing the carriage, ren dered his undertaking abortive. For that
allay the queen having dismissed her and posting court, discovered his intentions
march through Westminster, and enter the
city Ludgate. seasonably This advice came
Wyat $. ". Wherefore she sent herald with
forces, when she thought herself out
full pardon, would lay down his arms
24 hours. But refused the offer pardon. the head some troops, had resolved
Mean time, the court was unprepared, that
the duke Norfolk was sent with only 600
the city trained-bands (d), commanded
officer named Bret. Whilst this was doing, thought better let him pass, after orders the sheriff Kent, (e) was going join given shut the gate through which de
the duke Norfolk, met and defeated Knevet, who with some troops, was marching join
(a) This Thomas Wyat had been oftem ployed embassies, particularly Spain; where he had made such observations on the cruelty and subtilty the Spaniards, that
could not look, without just concern, the iniseries his country was like fall under. Burnet, tom. 224.
(b) seems was too hasty raising men and making other preparations. Godw. 340.
signed enter. —Wyat still prepossesed that (d) Five hundred, says Godwin, together
with the queen's guards. Ibid.
(e) Sir Rob. Southwell, Hollinsh. 1094. (f) He was seen weep, and called for
(c)The news came
London, January
(g) Thereupon the duke Norfolk fled, together with the earl Arundel, and sir Henry Jernegan, captain the guard. But Wyat coming that moment with party horse, intercepted the rest; and seized eight brass guns, and Norfolk's baggage. Godwin, 341.
25. Idem. 341. Stow, 618. WOL.
the earl Pembroke and lord Clinton, who,
engage him serving where
entered the city. But, ob was entangling himself the streets could not extend his troops, they
coat which stuffed with money, designing escape. Burnet, 285.
-
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soil STATE TRIALS, I MARy, 1554. —Arraignment of Sir Thomas Wyat. [865
the citizens would favour his undertaking, left entirely the ruin the reformed and the his cannon under a guard at Hyde-Park, and reformation. The duke Suffolk being con entering Westminster (h), pursued his march cerned the conspiracy, the court easily un through the Strand, in his way to Ludgate. As derstood his design was replace his daughter he advanced, care was taken to cut off his re the lady Jane the throne; and this deter treat by barricades and men placed at the mined the queen sacrifice her her own
avenues. He believed himself now the height his wishes, when found the gate into the
city shut against him. He then first discovered his danger, and, perceiving was impossible
retire, lost courage. As was endeavour ing return, herald came him, and ex horting him not sacrifice the lives many followers, surrendered quietly, and was sent
prison. This unfortunate man, who doubt ing she desired some time
less had but slender capacity, foolishly ima obtained three days respite
gined, without having good assurances, that the But she let him know, was
city London would declare his favour, her. She was well assured, the jealousy the
and that proved his ruin. his measures had been better taken, the queen and her ministers would have been greatly embarrassed,
time when the government, weak was, had already created many enemies. But the
success this enterprise strengthened the queen's authority, that henceforward she found more resistance. After the taking Wyat, his men being dispersed, were taken pleasure, and filled the prisons.
government would not suffer her live, and therefore she had employed the whole time her confinement preparation for death. Some have believed, that without this last at tempt the duke Suffolk, the queen would have spared his daughter. But afterwards such numbers were put death for their reli gion, not likely that Jane, firmly at tached the protestant religion, would have been more mercifully used than the rest, even
While Wyat was acting Kent and London, though the queen could have prevailed with the duke Suffolk had made but small pro herself pardon her treason. Be this
gress the county Warwick. He would will, she was executed the 12th February, not have been much suspected, had not after seeing the headless body her hus
express been seized, sent him Wyat band, pass her, was brought back inform him the reasons which had obliged from execution interred the chapel of
him hasten undertaking, and pray him the Tower. She shewed the last moment expeditious possible. Upon this great constancy and piety, and immo advice, the earl Huntington had orders veable adherence the reformation, owning arrest him. The duke was informed, and being however herself guilty great sin accept
not yet secure fifty horse, chose conceal
himself the house one his domestics,
who basely betrayed him the earl Isun
tington, whom was conveyed the with great grief for having been the cause
safety.
“Two days after the taking Wyat mes
sage was sent Jane Grey and her husband bid them prepare for death. Jane, she had long expected received the message with
great resolution. Mean while, Dr. Heck nam who brought and had orders exhort her change her religion, preposterously imagin
ing crown which belonged not her. The duke of Suffolk her father was tried the 17th
determined,
her execution. satisfaction
his daughter's death.
“Next, Wyat was brought his trial, where
offered make great discoveries, his life
tended with great conscquences. But few men
reputation cared put themselves under Elizabeth and the earl of Devonshire as con
Tower the 11th February. Such was the success this conspiracy. Had been ma naged abler heads, might have been at
might saved. He accused even the princess
the conduct of such leaders. had caused only the death the principal actors, they might have been said meet the just reward
cerned the conspiracy. This did not prevent his sentence, but only gained him respite
two months, because the hopes drawing
their folly. But produced two consider from him considerable discoveries. Mean time
able effects, one fatal illustrious and in
nocent person, and the other protestants.
Not that religion had any share the con
spiracy, Wyat himself being Roman catholic,
and the queen her proclamation not accus ing the protestants, though since some histo
rians have been pleased brand them. But the queen's authority was strengthened
the earl of Devonshire was committed to the Tower, and the princess Elizabeth, though in disposed, was brought London and closely confined Whitehall, without liberty speak
any person.
tion seems never have been much as seen set down presently, Setting forth writings
him which we cannot certainly say contrary the truth. Things written with this ascribed abp. Cranmer; though both, hand contrary the truth. All such Bills suppose, equally spurious and jesuitical forge which had written signed with his own
les. hand contrary the truth, since his degrada
not here quite unworthy our remark, tion: Wherein had written many things that Cranmer's peculiar punishment burning untrue. ” Which small bills excellently well his right hand, before the rest his body; that agree with the five suspicious small bulls, set right hand which wrote the several Bills Pa down Mr. Fox and Mr. Strype, said Mr. pers whereby gave occasion the report Fox ‘contain only few words, little that he had made real and intire Recanta leaf paper,' but very with one two
tion; seems more accountable the supposi other pretended full and large and express Re tion that was rather the many Bills Papers cantations the protestant religion. And he had incautiously written transcribed with what makes this somewhat the more probable his right hand; than any one two full Re this; that immediately adds, the stake, cantations, which had wickedly consented retractation the worst thing those with his mind, which occasioned that unusual little bills: when
experiment signal detestation. And
any suppose that the consumption, first
right hand, and then the rest his body Whose supremacy yet, owned king,
the fire, while yet his heart, agree, re mained unburnt, was extraordinary, and provi dential; the natural consequence that while his right hand was, after sort, guilty, writing; yet was not his heart, the emblem
queen, and parliament least, not farther, he had owned and submitted himself
pope refused him, his Antichrist, with
The very publishers those four other ungodly Recantation. WILL. Whistox. short Bills ltecantations own, that one of
his mind, properly guilty consenting any
Lyndon, Rutland, Oct. 27, 1732. them, which yet was not worded worse than
PostScro IPT.
the rest, nor was properly any Recantation
the protestant religion all, was soon after re
This was written me before the date tracted himself again, and recalled which ready set down. Nor have altered any thing plainly proves, that when Cranmer was trying
which then wrote; but print now exactly according the original copy. What am now add, with relation the accounts this matter given Mr. Strype, his Me
certain these Concessions Papers like some sort Recantations, whether could save his life, without renouncing the protestant
more than one
mentioned. ever signed.
those five short bills before
Which are suppose that -
religion, his conscience was tender, that Archbishop Cranmer, 383,389, retracted one of those small and modest Con
morials
and the 3d vol. of his Ecclesiastical Memo
rials, 232, 238, which had not seen when wrote the foregoing Paper. Which two
cessions Retractations again and that was almost impossible for him the same time sign either those long and horrible Recantations that his enemies published for him.
Mr. Strype himself, who believed that Cranmer did thus several times openly recant the protestant religion, confesses that the pa pists did print forged Account what Cran mer spake his Execution, and compares
two columns, “What was have spoken, and what the papists gave out (in print falsely) did speak; and what spake in deed; As was hundreds witnesses present notoriously known (o). That they published
print these writings the archbishop, bear
ing this title. “Ail the subscriptions and recan tations Thomas Cranmer, late archbishop Canterbury, truly set forth both Latin and
(n) Mem, Cranmer, 388. (v) Eccl. Mem. 237,238.
Memorials seem me for the same suspicion. observe
afford farther grounds
For we may thence - --
That the five other copies Cranmer's Recantations, given Mr. Strype, four
them are very short, and very like the first branch of the Recantation before us: and
might generally Cranmer's own drawing up, and might signed him like the other, not much against his own opinion yet very capable popish sense also. But the
last not only very long, but very different from the rest; and indeed very like the grossest forgery. Yet does Mr. Strype assure us, his Ecclesiastical Memorials, ‘That this was said written and subscribed Cran
(m) See 249. the present volume.
says, that “as for the Christ's enemy, and his false doctrine (n)”
p. be of
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s55] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [856
English; agreeably to the originals, and sub think there was none that pitied not his case, scribed with his own hand. Visum & Erami and bewailed his fortune, and feared not his own
natum per Reverendum Patrem & Dominum
D. Edmundum Episcop. Londinensem. ” And
adds, that this profligate bishop Bonner, to
serve an end, prostituted his faith and credit, prived his estate, adjudged die, and
by testifying a thing so notoriously known to ainful death end his life. have no de
be quite otherwise, in relation to the archbi ight increase
shop's last speech before mentioned. ” He also self, that ever
adds, at the conclusion of the first column, that man, and man
“this grievous said printed Lon “But come
don, Cawood, the queen's printer: Cum last, being the 21st March, was his day ap privilegio, ann. 1556. ” And the conclu pointed die. And because the morning was sion the second column adds likewise, much rainy, the Sermon appointed Mr. Dr. that “Cranmer would have spoken the sa Cole made the Stake, was made St. crament, and the papacy: but that they bad Mary's Church. Whither Dr. Cranmer was
may known and prevail with man kind. WILL. WHISTON.
London, March 1735-6.
MR. STRYPE's Account ARchbishop CRAN
upon judge, which was the entry all the inconveniencies that followed. Yet that
excused him, that thought did not malice, but the persuasions and advice
certain Learned Men. Another was, that he
had been the great setter forth this Heresy received into the Church this last time; had
MER's DEATH. Memorials, MR. STRYPE having printed
Account Cranmer's Death, certain grave person unknown,
him, but papist, who was
witness, and related these matters,
very justly, Letter from Oxon
shall here re-print verbatim. And recom: mitted for example-sake. Other causes he
mend the Christian reader's serious perusal alledged, but these were the chief, why was and consideration. - not thought good pardon him. Other causes “But that know for our great friendship, beside, said, moved the queen, and the
and long-continued love, you look even duty, that should signify you the truth
council thereto, which were not meet and con venient for every one understand them.
such things here chanceth among
would not this time have written
unfortunate end, and doubtful tragedy
late bishop Canterbury: because
pleasure take beholding such heavy sights. And when they are once overpassed, like not
384.
remarkable the words
written had disputed, had even to the last hour: and that
continued
had never
chance, see noble prelate, grave counsellor, long-continued honour, after many dignities, his old years de
him down. ’” If brought the mayor and aldermen, and my suspect fraud and lord Williams. With whom came divers gen
“Stop his mouth and
here not great reason
knavery this whole matter, am much mis tlemen the shire, Bridges, John taken. See the like tricking and roguery Browne, and others. Where was prepared about Recantation used the papists, over against the pulpit, high place for him, that learned and excellent person Angelus Me that the people might see him. And when rula; till length they were going burn had ascended kneeled down and pray
him his old age; but that fell down dead ed, weeping tenderly: which moved the stake, before the fire was kindled. Of number tears, that had conceived
which we have full Account Gerard hope his Conversion and Repentance.
Brandt's History the Reformation, the “Then Mr. Cole began his Sermon.
Low Countries. Which also well worth the sum whereof was this. First, He declared
perusal the inquisitive reader upon this oc causes, why was expedient, that should casion. —Nor have published this Paper, suffer, notwithstanding his reconciliation. The which very remote from my general course chief are these, One was, for that had been
stiles
eye and ear been seen this realm, (but
Alas, too much heavy case should betide
deserve
the matter: Saturday
the time of long, hath Friend, been pardoned and that was not re
seems, Schism) that any man continuing
“The second Part touched the audience, you the how they should consider this thing That they should hereby take example fear God; and
little that there was power against the Lord having before their eyes man high de
gree, sometime one the chiefest prelates
though former life, and wretched end, de time man, might thought, greatest serves greater misery any greater might assurance, king his side; notwithstanding have changed, than chanced unto him) yet set. his authority and defence debased
ting aside offences God and country,
*nd beholding the man without faults, (p) See No. 28.
rehearse them again; being but renewing
my woe, and doubling my grief. For council, the second peer the realm long
the Church, archbishop, the chief the
great assured
study and enquiries,
demonstrative evidence; for suspicion: and
pretending great cause this alteration this realm but strong reasons England. And when the matter the order set more pro Divorce, between king Henry 8th, and queen
per persons upon farther researches being Catherine (p), was commenced the court still desirous that what really true and right Rome, having nothing with set
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byon toso
857] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. —for Treason and Heresy. [858
from an high estate to a low degree; of a coun self, could best devise for mine own com sellor to be a caitiff; and to be set in so wretch fort, and say the prayer, word for word,
ed estate, that the poorest wretch would not have here written it. ’ And he read stand change conditions with him. ing: and after kneeled down, and said the
“The last and end appertained unto him. Lord's Prayer; and the people their Whom he comforted and encouraged to take knees devoutly praying with him. His Prayer
his death well, by many places of Scripture.
And with these, and such, bidding him nothing
was thus: “‘
Father
- heaven;
Son God
mistrust but he should incontinently receive redeemer the world; Holy Ghost, pro
that the thief did : To whom Christ said, Hodie ‘ceeding from them both, three persons and mecum eris in Paradiso. And out of St. Paul one God, have mercy upon me most wretch
armed him against the terrors of the fire, by ‘ed caitif, and miserable sinner. who have this ; Dominus fidelis est: Non sinct vos tentari offended both heaven and earth, and more ultra quam ferre potestis: By the example of “grievously than any tongue can express, whi the three children; to, whom God made the ‘ther then may go, whither should
flame seem like a pleasant dew. . He added
hereunto the rejoicing of St. Andrew in his
cross; the patience of St. Laurence on the
fire: ascertaining him, that God, if he called
on him, and to such as die in his faith, either
will abate the fury of the flame, or give him succour. To thee therefore do run. To strength to abide He glorified God much
his conversion; because appeared only
his work declaring what travel and conference had been used with him convert
‘Son, thou wast not made man, this great mys him, and prevailed not, until pleased God tery was not wrought, for few small
“for succour? To heaven may ashamed
“to lift mine eyes; and earth find re
“fuge. What shall then do? shall despair?
“God forbid. good God, thou art merciful, ‘and refuseth none that come unto thee for
‘thee humble myself: saying, Lord “God, my sins great, but yet have mercy upon me for thy great mercy. God the
his mercy reclaim him, and call him home. “fences. Nor thou didst not give thy Son
discoursing which place, much com
mended Cranmer, and qualified his former doing.
‘unto death, God the Father, for our little
and small sins only, but for the greatest sins of the world: that the sinner return
“And had almost forgotten that Mr. Cole promised him, that prayed for every church
tell you, ‘unto thee with penitent heart; here
“at this present. Wherefore have mercy upon ‘me, Lord, whose property always have
‘mercy. For although my sins great, yet spake the priests present say mass for ‘thy mercy greater. crave nothing,
his soul. Lord, for mine own merits, but for thy name's “When he had ended his Sermon, de “sake, that may glorified thereby: And
sired the people pray him Mr. Cran for thy dear Son Jesus Christ's sake. And mer kneeling down with them, and praying for now therefore, Our Father, which art himself. think there was never such num heaven, &c. "
ber earnestly praying together. For they, “Then rising, said, “Every man desireth, that hated him before, now loved him for his ‘good people, the time their death, give conversion, and hope continuance. They “some good exhortation, that other may remem that loved him before could not suddenly hate ‘ber after their deaths, and the better there him, having hope his confession again his
should have mass and Dirige sung for him; and
fall. love and hope encreased devotion every
‘by. beseech God grant me grace, that may speak something this my departing,
“I side. shall not
First,
glorified, and you edi
Sermon, nance, his heavy chear, his face bedeved with
need,
describe his behaviour, his sorrowful counte ‘many folks
heavy see, case
tears; sometime lifting his eyes hope, sometime casting them down
that much doted upon the love this false world, and careful for that
for shame;
brief, image
sorrow
his eyes
the dolor plenty
his heart bursting out
for the time
‘fied.
should Oxford, and
heaven the earth
therefore. This shall my first exhortation. ‘That you set not over-much this false tears: retaining ever quiet and “glossing world, but upon God and the world grave behaviour. Which increased the pity ‘to come. And learn know what this les men's hearts, that they unfeignedly loved him, ‘son meaneth, which St. John teacheth, ‘That
hoping had been his repentance for his trans ‘the love this world hatred against God. ” gression and error. shall not need, say, —The second exhortation That next unto oint out unto you you can much better “God, you obey your king and queen, willingly imagine yourself. and gladly, without murmur grudging: And
“When praying was done, stood up, and ‘not for fear them only, but much more for having leave speak, said, “Good people, ‘the fear God knowing, that they God's
had intended indeed desire you pray for “ministers, appointed God rule and govern me; which because Mr. Doctor hath desired, “you. And therefore whoso resisteth them, re and you have done already, thank you most “sisteth God's ordinance. —The third Exhorta
heartily for And now will pray my ‘tion That you love altogether like brethren,
‘whereby God may
‘the love God, the love the world ‘come, they seem care very little nothing
for
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$59] STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [sco
• and sisters. For alas! pity it is to see, what ‘therefore my hand shall first punished. For • contention and hatred one Christian-man hath may come the fire, shall first burned.
“trine. ’
“And here being admonished his Recanta tion, and dissembling, said, Alas, my lord,
man, more than you would hurt your have been man, that my life loved plain ‘own natural and loving brother sister. ness, and never dissembled 'till now against the For this you may sure of, that whosoever truth which am most sorry for. He added
“hateth any person, and goeth about malici hereunto, that forthe Sacrament, believed
• to another: not taking each other, as sisters “And for the pope, refuse him, Christ's ‘ and brothers; but rather as strangers and “enemy and Anti-Christ, with his false doc
‘mortal enemies. But I pray you learn and ‘ bear well away this one lesson, To do good to * men much you lieth, and hurt
‘ously
hinder hurt him, surely, and with had taught his book against the bishop doubt, God not with that man, of Winchester. And here he was suffered
think himself never much speak more.
God's favour. —The fourth Exhortation shall be “So that his speech contained chiefly three
out “although
them that have great substance and riches points, love God, love the king, and love this world, That they will well consider and the neighbour. the which talk held weigh those sayings the scripture. One men very suspense, which depended upon
our Saviour Christ himself, who saith, ‘It the conclusion. Where he far deceived all hard for rich man enter into heaven mens expectations, that the hearing thereat,
sore saying, and yet spoke him, that they were much amazed and let him
knew the 'truth. The second St. John, while, till my lord Williams bad him play the whose saying this, “He that hath the sub Christian man, and remember himself. To stance this world, and seeth his brother
necessity, and shutteth his mercy from him,
how can say, loveth God? Much more
might speak
ficeth not.
every part; but time suf but put you remembrance
“Then was carried away; and great number, that did run see him wickedly
them that rich, ponder
his death, ran after him, exhorting him, while time was remember himself. And one
things. Let
“well those sentences: for ever they had any
friar John, godly and well-learned man, the way travelled with him reduce him. But would not be. What they said par
occasion shew their charity, they have now “at this present, the poor people being
whom answered, “That did: for now spake truth. ”
‘many, and victuals dear. For though ticular cannot tell, but the effect appeared
have been long the great penury
prison, yet have heard the poor. Consider, that
the end. For the stake professed, that died such opinions had taught,
that which given
God. Whom we have not otherwise present corporally with us, but the poor. —And now
my life, whereupon hangeth my life passed,
Brazen-nose-college, laboured converthiin his former Recantation, with the two Spa
and my life come, either saviour Christ heaven, joy, pain ever with wicked devils
live with my else
the poor, given
and oft repented him his Recantation. “Coming the stake with chearful coun tenance, and willing mind, put off his gar for so much am come the last end of ments, with haste, and stood upright his shirt; and batchelor divinity, named Elye,
hell; and
see before mine eyes presently either heaven stancy, they said Latin one another, “Let
ready receive me, hell ready swallow
Ine shall therefore declare unto you my
very faith, how believe, without colour dis
simulation. For now time dissemble,
whatsoever have written times past. —
First, believe God the Father Almighty, knew
Maker heaven and earth, &c. and every ar words more. Whereupon the lord Williams ticle the catholic faith, every word and sen cried, Make short, Make short. Then the
“tence taught our Saviour Christ, his apostles bishop took certain his friends the hand. and prophets, the Old and New Testament. But the batchelor divinity refused take —And now come the great thing that trou him the hand, and blamed others that bleth my conscience more than any other thing did, and said, was sorry that ever came that ever said did my life: And that his company.
And yet again required the setting abroad writings, contrary the him agree his former Recantation. And truth. Which here now renounce, and re the bishop answered, (shewing his hand) “This fuse, things written with my hand, contrary
the truth, which thought my heart, and writ for fear death, and save my life,
many things untrue. And forasmuch my sensibly burning, crying with loud veice, “hand offendcq writing contrary my heart, ‘This hand hath offended. ” As soon the fire
might And that such bills, which
the hand that wrote and therefore shall suffer first punishment. ”—Fire being now put him, stretched out his right hand, and thrust
into the flame, and held there good space, have written signed with mine own hand, before the fire came any other part his since my degradation: Wherein have written body; where his hand was seen every mau
nish friars. But when the friars saw his con
from him; We ought not nigh him: For the devil with him. ' But the batchelor
divinity was more earnest with him. Unto
whom cantation,
answered, That concerning his Re repented right sore, because was against the truth; with other
to
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soil STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1554. —for Treason and Heresy. [862 got up, he was very soon dead, never stirring or Some pitied see his body tormented with
crying the while. -
“His patience the torment, his courage
dying, had been taken either for the glory God, the wealth his country, the testi
the fire raging upon the silly carcass, that
counted not the folly. Other that passed not much the body, lamented see him spill soul wretchedly without redemption,
mony truth, was pernicious error,
and subversion true religion, could worthily
have commended the example, and matched
with the same any father antient time
But seeing that not the death, but the cause
and quarrel thereof, commendeth the sufferer,
cannot but much dispraise his obstinate stub
bornness and sturdiness dying, and specially ing you quiet life, with less honour; and
evil cause. Surely his death much easier death, with more praise. The 23d grieved every man, but not after one sort. March. Yours, A. ”
51. The Arraignment Sir THoMAs WYAT, knight, minster, for High Treason: MARY, 14th March,
plagued for ever. His friends sorrowed for love: his enemies for pity: 'strangers for common kind humanity, whereby are bound one another. Thus have enforced myself, for your sake discourse this heavy narration, contrary my mind: And being more than half weary make short end, wish
West 1554.
Barnesly Gloucestershire, 9007-8. See Catalogi Librorum Manuscript.
[From the MS. Brereton Bourchier, late
Angliae Hiberniae, tom.
THOU art indicted, Thomas Wyat, knight,
for that thou, the 14th day February,
part 256. Rapin, 131. ]
committed Treason: but now, understanding the great commodity, honour, and surety, which this realm shall receive this marriage,
shall please the queen merciful unto me, there man living that shall more trustily and more faithfully serve her highness,
whatsoever the quarrel be: served the queen's highness against the duke Northumberland,
my lord Arundel can witness: my grand father was upon the rack for her majesty's grandfather: my father served king Henry 8th
and served him likewise; also her grace's
didst, Brentford the county Middle sex, levy war against our sovereign lady and queen, her crown and dignity: How sayest thou? art thou Guilty, no?
Wyat. My lords, should plead Guilty, should not be then excluded afterwards to
use certain things that have say?
Court. You shall, Mr. Wyat, have leave
say and heard what you can.
Wyat. Then my lords, must confess Guil
ty, the end, truth must enforce me
brother, and
witness
my blood lost, the
sty:
lague for my sins, which most grievously either merit advance, for this beastly
[.
must
acknowledge
this
just
field, carry
maim.
alledge
not
this,
against God,
me fall into this beastly brutishness, and -horrible offence of Treason. And me the like, and such, who attempted like
brutishness, miserably which most
committed
who hath suffered
am fallen unto, have not only procured my own
death, but overthrown my house and name, and
defaced my father's well-doings, ever there enterprise from the beginning: for peruse the were any—I will not justify myself any
Chronicles through, and you shall read, that never Rebellion against their natural prince and country, from the beginning, prospered
past, also this my present infelicity, and her mercy bestow him who shall most heinous offence. most miserable, mis most glad serve her highness, and readiest
Henry the 4th was but rebel, for must
call him; continued not long, but the
end definite, fell into the right line again
and the usurpation revenged his blood; for
the love God, you gentlemen that
here, remember, and taught examples which her highness will vouchsafe
chievous, and beastly, furious imagination mine for thought, that the marriage the prince Spain, the second person
die her grace's cause: for protest before
thing, neither can alledge any excuse my offences, but most humbly submit myself
the queen's majesty's mercy and pity; desiring you, my lord Sussex, and you Mr. Hastings,
the queen's the greatest
me
with the rest, mean highness for mercy: for pity
man, and
that which specially hath chosen himself,
treasure that ever God gave
the Judge Judges, this against her highness person.
never meant hurt
realm should have been danger. And The Queen's Attorney. Mr. Wyat, you have who have lived freeman born, should toge great cause sorry and repentant for the ther with my country have been brought fault whereby you have not only undone your bondage and servitude aliens and strangers; self, but also numbers other gentlemen, who which brutish boastliness then seemed reason, being true men, might have served their coun and wrought far, and such effect, try: yet, you had gone further, might led me the use and practice this my the better have been borne withal: not so
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sool STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1834—The Arraignment of Thomas Wya, Isa,
contented, you procured the duke Suffolk, utter durst not, and therefore bold man soon trained your purpose, and his two beat him; thus my man carried the cudgel brothers also, which, without the queen's three days, have beaten him; this may mercy, you have overthrown the noble house: appear, how much abhorred that practice.
yet not staid, you attempted the second per son this realm, who should have been all our comforts, whereby her honour brought into
uestion; what end will come unto, rod knoweth, and this are you the author
Wyat. Good Mr. Attorney, will not any thing justify myself, being decay much, overcharge me not with more mischief, and make or shew be that was not am
loath touch any man openly, but that for mine own discharge, am driven for do; and have given Confession, af
firm, that my lord Devonshire sent Ed Wyat. My lords, my fault most vile
ward Rogers for me come his house, and
when came, he break the whole Treason unto
me; said, that himself would go, and
cannot tell, but said would many ing wholly her mercy, without which can
things: this proves was not the first.
The Queen's Solicitor. As Mr. Attorney hath moved you, that repent your offence,
not challenge any thing sithence my offence committed. have served her highness such sort and degree either could am
all the services have been in, there was never more desperate journey taken hand, and the end continued most desperately. And terms, when Mr. Cornwallis and were sent whereas was ask why queen's
true.
ed
unto you from the queen, you answered us, highness's Pardon unhappy man what
The Master the Horse's Question. Mr. Wyat, were not this your words, and these
That the queen should the Tower, and you have her person with the Tower keep ing, also the treasure, and such the coun
sellors you would require; for you said you had rather be trusted than trust.
shall say *—When was once entered that devilish desperateness, there was way but wade through with that had taken hand; for thought others had been forward
Solicitor. This shall Itebellion, the Rebellion called Wat Tiler's.
ever called Wyat's Wat Tiler was
myself; and following the enterprise, used
possible means that might endure the same, writing my lady Elizabeth, and making Proclamation Southwark. Well, there
Attorney. Mr. Wyat, were you not privy
resteth now the queen's highness, either how the queen should have been slain, she justice death, which justly have deserved
did walk not burden you consent
this: for thus much must say, you disliked It.
with Wat Tiler, make me the world's end else
open example her mercy
Then was the Letter shewed which he wrote the duke Suffolk, Mr. Wyat being then
Southwark, that should meet him King ston-Bridge, and London with him,
although
Wyat
but when
hand. —It was demanded
meant write my lady Elizabeth; and after his Pardon offered, refuse also the bountiful ness the queen my lady Elizabeth's grace, among other things besides recited.
the
save me, and use my service
Wyat. Mr. Attorney, first opened this, her highness thinks me meet and able do:
coming my remembrance when heard Wil liam Thomas would have slain himself, for was his devise; and brake this wise
Nicholas Arnold, the queen were killed,
quoth he, were well, and there not
man do John Fitzwilliams. Sir Ni
cholas Arnold told sir James Croftes, and he told John Fitzwilliams, and John Fitzwillians told me, and thus the 4th hand heard Then made cudgel with whole brent
and albeit that her grace bath this my request writing, yet most humbly beseech you
means the queen's highness for her mercy and pity, which my last hope and only refuge; and beseech God that the
queen may merciful unto me, mean serve her majesty faithfully and truly. God's will be done on me. If there be but two true
men, will the one die her grace's feet:—And ended. The Lords promised
be means for him: his countenance was
doleful, and tears gushed out continually. —He was afterwards executed.
yard
and sought John Fitzwilliams whole
with whole iron and half
day, and could not find him. The next day,
sent the cudgel my man, and bade him
bob him well, for knave but spy, and The following concise Account Tho
came with the fewer company.
the first remembered was shewed him,
such letter;
and heinous, for the which ask God mercy, and next him my sovereign lady and queen, whom most grievously have offended, appeal
for my part, wish you the same: but what able; for have uttered what know all
Account Wyat's Rebellion.
confessed his him, what
meant you first, when you rose, write my lady Elizabeth's grace, that she should remove
further from the queen, and after that my lord of Norfolk's men fled from him Rochester
things, whereby might deliver her highness from such after peril the concealment
bridge you, joyful news you sent my lady Elizabeth your good success, and skie again sent you thanks: not this true?
am bounden thereunto duty and truth, which truly have declared; for think and certainly
believe, she careful over this realm Wyat. What have written, confess, and that her chiefest jejwel,must confess that
traitors treason might prejudice hurt have done this for her highness security,
refused the
such sort
init, a sir it so
it, isI itit to
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-
365] STATE TRIALs, Mary, 1554. —for High Treason. [866
mas Wyat's Conspiracy is extracted from Rapin,
vol. vii. p. 129. * “After the treaty of the queen's marriage with
Wyat, and killed sixty his men. This success alarmed Wyat, that had now resolved consult his own safety (f), when
Philip was made public, complaints and mur unexpected accident inspired him with fresh murs were every where heard. The protestants courage. Sir George Harper, one Wyat's in particular believed themselves lost, and fear adherents, pretending desert him, went
ed to see erected in England a Spanish inquisi the duke Norfolk, and artfully managed tion. But they were not the only murmurers. the trained-bands, that they took part with the Independently of religion, the greatest part of rebels, and quitting the duke, joined Wyat (g). the nation was not frce from the fears of king —With this reinforcement and his other troops, Philip's introducing the Spanish tyranny into making together body 4,000 men, Wyat England, of which the Indies, the Low-Coun marched towards London. He met near tries, the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, and Deptford two messengers from the queen, who the dutchy of Milan, afforded recent instan her name asked what would content him. ces. In a word, few persons could believe He demanded the Tower and the queen's per that the emperor had agreed to the articles son put into his hands, and the council stipulated in the treaty, with any design to
observe them. At last, these murmurs grew
into a conspiracy against the queen, of which
the marriage was either the cause or pretence. The duke of Suffolk, Thomas Wyat (a),
Peter Carew, formed the design general but the advice her council. And, give insurrection. Carew was act Cornwall, them,a proof the confidence she reposed Wyat Kent, and the duke Suffolk them, she resolved stay the city, though Warwickshire, which the center the many advised her withdraw the Tower. — kingdom. Carew managed ill, that his plot
was discovered (b), and one his complices arrested before he had concerted his affairs.
This sent him into France, and Wyat, upon his flight, hastened the execution his enterprize, theugh was the design the conspirators
wait the arrival Philip for more plausible
Wyat the mean time continued his march, and reached the borough Southwark the 3d February, expecting enter the city without
any difficulty. But the bridge being strongly harricaded and guarded, was obliged Inarch along the Thames Kingston, ten miles from London. Here sound the bridge bro ken, and spent some hours repairing He then passed the other side with his army, increased now near 6,000 men. After that,
colour resolving
their insurrection. Wyat therefore
push point, though
was yet few
arms
unprepared,
followers, and gave out took
prevent England from being invaded. After
wards he marched Rochester, from whence carriages, reached Hyde-Park about nine the he writ the sheriff desire his assistance.
But the sheriff, instead espousing his cause,
rcquired him lay down his arms, and assem
bled forces oppose him. —This rebellion interval Harper, who had been serviceable alarmed the court (c), where nothing was ready bringing over the trained-bands, deserted,
went Maidstone
with
continued his march London, and after some time lost repairing one his broken
changed should think proper. This demand being rejected, the queen repaired Guildlall, and acquainted the magistrates with Wyat's answer. She then spoke her mar riage, and told them she had done nothing
morning, the 7th February. The time un seasonably spent repairing the carriage, ren dered his undertaking abortive. For that
allay the queen having dismissed her and posting court, discovered his intentions
march through Westminster, and enter the
city Ludgate. seasonably This advice came
Wyat $. ". Wherefore she sent herald with
forces, when she thought herself out
full pardon, would lay down his arms
24 hours. But refused the offer pardon. the head some troops, had resolved
Mean time, the court was unprepared, that
the duke Norfolk was sent with only 600
the city trained-bands (d), commanded
officer named Bret. Whilst this was doing, thought better let him pass, after orders the sheriff Kent, (e) was going join given shut the gate through which de
the duke Norfolk, met and defeated Knevet, who with some troops, was marching join
(a) This Thomas Wyat had been oftem ployed embassies, particularly Spain; where he had made such observations on the cruelty and subtilty the Spaniards, that
could not look, without just concern, the iniseries his country was like fall under. Burnet, tom. 224.
(b) seems was too hasty raising men and making other preparations. Godw. 340.
signed enter. —Wyat still prepossesed that (d) Five hundred, says Godwin, together
with the queen's guards. Ibid.
(e) Sir Rob. Southwell, Hollinsh. 1094. (f) He was seen weep, and called for
(c)The news came
London, January
(g) Thereupon the duke Norfolk fled, together with the earl Arundel, and sir Henry Jernegan, captain the guard. But Wyat coming that moment with party horse, intercepted the rest; and seized eight brass guns, and Norfolk's baggage. Godwin, 341.
25. Idem. 341. Stow, 618. WOL.
the earl Pembroke and lord Clinton, who,
engage him serving where
entered the city. But, ob was entangling himself the streets could not extend his troops, they
coat which stuffed with money, designing escape. Burnet, 285.
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soil STATE TRIALS, I MARy, 1554. —Arraignment of Sir Thomas Wyat. [865
the citizens would favour his undertaking, left entirely the ruin the reformed and the his cannon under a guard at Hyde-Park, and reformation. The duke Suffolk being con entering Westminster (h), pursued his march cerned the conspiracy, the court easily un through the Strand, in his way to Ludgate. As derstood his design was replace his daughter he advanced, care was taken to cut off his re the lady Jane the throne; and this deter treat by barricades and men placed at the mined the queen sacrifice her her own
avenues. He believed himself now the height his wishes, when found the gate into the
city shut against him. He then first discovered his danger, and, perceiving was impossible
retire, lost courage. As was endeavour ing return, herald came him, and ex horting him not sacrifice the lives many followers, surrendered quietly, and was sent
prison. This unfortunate man, who doubt ing she desired some time
less had but slender capacity, foolishly ima obtained three days respite
gined, without having good assurances, that the But she let him know, was
city London would declare his favour, her. She was well assured, the jealousy the
and that proved his ruin. his measures had been better taken, the queen and her ministers would have been greatly embarrassed,
time when the government, weak was, had already created many enemies. But the
success this enterprise strengthened the queen's authority, that henceforward she found more resistance. After the taking Wyat, his men being dispersed, were taken pleasure, and filled the prisons.
government would not suffer her live, and therefore she had employed the whole time her confinement preparation for death. Some have believed, that without this last at tempt the duke Suffolk, the queen would have spared his daughter. But afterwards such numbers were put death for their reli gion, not likely that Jane, firmly at tached the protestant religion, would have been more mercifully used than the rest, even
While Wyat was acting Kent and London, though the queen could have prevailed with the duke Suffolk had made but small pro herself pardon her treason. Be this
gress the county Warwick. He would will, she was executed the 12th February, not have been much suspected, had not after seeing the headless body her hus
express been seized, sent him Wyat band, pass her, was brought back inform him the reasons which had obliged from execution interred the chapel of
him hasten undertaking, and pray him the Tower. She shewed the last moment expeditious possible. Upon this great constancy and piety, and immo advice, the earl Huntington had orders veable adherence the reformation, owning arrest him. The duke was informed, and being however herself guilty great sin accept
not yet secure fifty horse, chose conceal
himself the house one his domestics,
who basely betrayed him the earl Isun
tington, whom was conveyed the with great grief for having been the cause
safety.
“Two days after the taking Wyat mes
sage was sent Jane Grey and her husband bid them prepare for death. Jane, she had long expected received the message with
great resolution. Mean while, Dr. Heck nam who brought and had orders exhort her change her religion, preposterously imagin
ing crown which belonged not her. The duke of Suffolk her father was tried the 17th
determined,
her execution. satisfaction
his daughter's death.
“Next, Wyat was brought his trial, where
offered make great discoveries, his life
tended with great conscquences. But few men
reputation cared put themselves under Elizabeth and the earl of Devonshire as con
Tower the 11th February. Such was the success this conspiracy. Had been ma naged abler heads, might have been at
might saved. He accused even the princess
the conduct of such leaders. had caused only the death the principal actors, they might have been said meet the just reward
cerned the conspiracy. This did not prevent his sentence, but only gained him respite
two months, because the hopes drawing
their folly. But produced two consider from him considerable discoveries. Mean time
able effects, one fatal illustrious and in
nocent person, and the other protestants.
Not that religion had any share the con
spiracy, Wyat himself being Roman catholic,
and the queen her proclamation not accus ing the protestants, though since some histo
rians have been pleased brand them. But the queen's authority was strengthened
the earl of Devonshire was committed to the Tower, and the princess Elizabeth, though in disposed, was brought London and closely confined Whitehall, without liberty speak
any person.
