,
PP- 547-557, 561-
** Among the Irish, the names Euchu,
Eucho, Echa, and Eochaidh, frequently for /;/, iu the beginning, and it comes into
occur.
PP- 547-557, 561-
** Among the Irish, the names Euchu,
Eucho, Echa, and Eochaidh, frequently for /;/, iu the beginning, and it comes into
occur.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v5
, p.
393.
3* These contradictious and mistatements
a native of Hibernia. See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernia," viii. Martii, Appen- dix ad Acta S. Cataldi, cap. iii. , pp. 561, 562.
3? The Vita S. Cataldi, and Bruodin, p. 879, are quoted.
38 g^g Ferrar's " History of Limerick,"
—
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May 10,
patron of Turentum in Italy. 3^ Some writers will have it, that St. Cathaldus arrived from Ireland, in Tarentum, ad. i6o,39 or i66;4o Ughelli ' has the latter date ; others have a. D. 170—such as Bartholomew '^ and Bonaventure*3 Moroni. But, as author? ;, who place Cathaldus in the second century, remark of him, in their accounts, that he visited the sepulchre of Christ, at Jerusalem, before he came to Tarentum ; and, as we do not find, that the Holy Land had been much frequented by pilgrims, before the Empress Helena discovered Christ's tomb, a. d. 326 ; our saint's arrival at Tarentum must have been subsequent to that period. -*^ Whilst advancing this position, Caraccioli^s hazards also an opinion, that Cathaldus lived subsequent to the arrival of the Goths, in Italy, viz. , after a. d. 500. This is also an opinion of Alexander ab Alexandro. ^^ If we are to credit the accounts, in the Life of St. Cathaldus, that before leaving Ireland, when departing for Italy, the- year 500 or 520 might have elapsed ; about these periods, Ireland must have had, at least, one hundredcontemporaneousbishops. -*? Atorabouta. d. 630,4^afterhisexpul- sion Irom Rathen, St. Mocluida,'*^ or Carthage, founded Lismore, according to the Annals of Tigernach,5° of Clonmacnoise,5' of Ulster,S2 and of the Four Masters. 53 As it is stated, in the same Life, that our saint studied at Lis- more,54 and taught in its schools,55 he must have lived even later. Coigan thinks, that our saint could not have been a teacher of English, Scotch, Gauls, and Germans,56 before a. d. 636, at which time, it is probable, St. Carthage died ; and before which period, English and German converts were not found in sufficient numbers, to have left their own country for Ireland, to receive education at her schools. ^? The period of Cataldus has been referred even to die eighth century,s^ Again, the Meliridis, mentioned in the Life . md
pari iii. , chap, iii. , p. 184.
^9 In the Preface to his History of Taren-
tum, Juhn Juvenis states, that Cataldus
from Ireland effected the conversion ot
Pagans in Tarentum, about 160 years after
our Lord's Ascension, Anicetus being mx," viii. Martii. Appendix ad Acta . S.
Sovereign Pontiff, at the time.
*° In another part of this work, the author
tells us, that during the same pontificate, in the year of our Lord 166, Catlialdus entered Tarentum. See Joannes Juvenis "' De Anti- quitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii.
' See "Italia Sacra," lomusix. Tarentina Metropolis, col. 124.
•• Larlholumew Moroni says, that Cathal- dus entered Tarentum, about the year of the Incarnation 170, when Pope . \nicetus ruled the Church, and Antoninus the Philosopher governed tlie I'. mpire. See Bartholomew Moroni's Vila . S. Calaldi, ca]). xiv. . in Col- gan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernia;," viii. Martii, p. 548.
*3 " . Syrus Anicetus sacrarum pondera rerum
Suslinet, ct Princeps Aurelius eminct — orbi. "
"Cataldiados,"lib. ii.
** The Bollandists remark, that they found a marginal note, referring his arrival there to " anno Di. xvi," instead of to " anno ci. xvi," whicli connected it v\ilh tlie time of P'ii)e Anicetus.
Cataldi, cap. ii. , p. 560.
** See Ussliers Index Chronologicus, at
A. D. ucx. KX. , " Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates. " p. 537.
« See his Life, at the 14th of May. 5° These have the date 636.
5' At A. D. 632.
5» See at A. D. 635.
S3 See at A. D. 631, the expulsion from Rathen recorded, in Dr. O' Donovan's etli- tion, vol. i. , pp. 252, 253.
5-t St. Cartage founded it, when driven from Rathen.
55 According *o Dr. diaries Smith, this happened after the death of . St. Carthage. See "Ancient anil Present Slate of the County and City of Waterford," chap, iii. , p. 28.
"Sec " Oihcium S. Calhaldi," Noct. ii. , Lect. iv.
5' See Colgan's " . \cta Sanctorum Hiber- nice," viii. Martii, p. 557. . Mso, Appendix, cap. ii. , p. 561.
5^ . See Thomas D'Arcy M'(«ce's" Popular History of Ireland," Book i. , chap, viii. ,
^5 In his Neapolitan Annals, published, a. d. 1626.
^* See "Genialium Dierum," lib. iii. , cap. 15.
P-
51-
59 See Coigan s " Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
•' . See Colgan"s " Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
niie," viii. Martii, Appendix, cap. ii. , p. 561.
'° However, Bonaventure Morini insinua- tes, that RIeltridis was a King in Ulster :
" Postera fulgebat roseis Aurora qua- drigis,
Cum videt Oltonios consurgere navita portus
*° Achlenna is a name given to the mothers of St. Fintan, of St. Columbus and of St. Lugdius. See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernice," viii. Martii, nn. 3, 4, p. 544.
^^ Moroni derives the names of both his parents from Greek works, evxi\ and A^rycr;, which means "piety" and "wisdom. " Vita S. Cataldi, lib. i. , cap. i.
alnos. "
hb i. , cap. 143, p. 544.
69 In " Vita S. Cataldi," lib. i. , cap. i.
^° " Officium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv .
7' Colgan, who has apparently corrected
——
May io. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 1S9
Office of our saint,59 appears to have been identical with Moelochtrige, chief- tain of Nan-Desii, who bestowed Lismore upon St. Carthage, and who, in all probability, survived this saint. ^° It is said, that on the death of this Meltri- dis, Cathaldus received the lands of his chieftanry,^' as a grant from the king, and that these were divided into twelve Bishoprics, presided over by an Arch- bishop. ^^ Hence, it might be probable, that Cathaldus did not leave Ireland, before the year 640. ^^
The father of Cathaldus was named Eucho or Euchu,^'* and his mother's namewasAthena^'= orAchlena,^^accordingtothesaint'sActs. ^^ According to Peter de Natalibus, the town in which he was born was called Cataldus. ^^ In his Life of our saint, Moroni says, that the name of the town in which he was born, was called Rachau, by some writers, and that it was a place of some note, in the province of INIunster ; while, by others, it was designated as Cathandum. With these latter, he seem to coincide. The name Cathaldus Rachau, he supposes, will apply to our saint's episcopal See, and not to the place of his birth. It must also be confessed, that to me his wordings and deductions, regarding this passage, in our saint's Life, are by no means lumi- nous. ^9 In the office of Cathaldus, his place of birth is called Catandum, which is said to have been a town of Numenia 7°—a mistake ? for Mumenia,^^ Momonia,Murnonia,MononiaorMunster. 73 Aplace,calledBallyCathal, or Cathalstown, which exists in the Diocese of Killaloe, Barony of Ormond, and County of Tipperaay, is mentioned by Colgan, wdthout stating, how- ever, this to have been the locality for our saint's birth. 74 There is another place called Ballycahill, in the same county, at the borders of Kilnemanagh and Kinelegourty Baronies. 75 A place, called Kill Cathuil, that is, the " cell of
unde improbus
lUusus Furiis, geminas emiserat niffi," Martii viii. Vita S. Cataldi Episcopi,
Fluctibus e mediis ; ante Tyrannus,
^^ See Colgan's " Acta Sanctorum Ilibcr-
—" Cathaldiados," lib. i.
*' See Officium S. Cathaldi, Lect. v.
*^ See Moroni's Vita S. Cathaldi, lib. i. ,
cap. viii.
^^ See Colgan's 'Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
nice," viii. Martii. Also, Appendix cap. ii.
,
PP- 547-557, 561-
** Among the Irish, the names Euchu,
Eucho, Echa, and Eochaidh, frequently for /;/, iu the beginning, and it comes into
occur. Thus, in Jocelyn's Life of St. Patrick, we find Echu and iluchus. Other hagio- graphershave Euchodius and Eucliadius, as also Euchus. In the Irish languge dh is aspirated and not pronounced, and there- fore in Colgan's opinion, the Latin writers passed them over, as having no force.
the middle afterwards.
7- That southern province of Ireland, in
which St. Cathaldus was born, and in which Lismore, where he was educated, is placed, was called by ancient writers Mumenia.
'5 These latter are the more more modern names, by which the Province is designated. *5 If instead of Athena, we read /Ethna or See "Acta Sanctorum Plibernias," viii.
Ethenea, either of these names were familiar tothelrish. Thus, also Ethnea was mother of St. Columba, of St. Maidoc, of St. Aid, of St. Critan, according to St. ^ngus, in his tract, on the Mothers of the Irish Saints, lib. iv. , cap. 13, 21, 58, 84.
Martii, n. i, p. 555.
? • See "Acta Sanctorum Hibernise," viii.
Martii, n. 2, p. 544.
75 See Rev. Ur. Lanigan's Ecclesiastical
History of Ireland," vol. iii. ,cap. xviii. , sect, xi. , n. 131, p. 125. The Doctor adds : " But,
this mistake in the Life, by Moroni, adds in a note, that here an error crept in, which the author placed among his errata, thus endea- vouring to emend it, z-vAiox NuvienicE,\iQ. gives Mononia', but even so, it is faulty. For the letter n beginning the former is substituted
igo LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May io.
Cathald," existed in Munster, besides a castle named Dun-Callaind, near Waterford, and a town called Callaind, on the confines of Leinster and Mun- ster. But, Colgan does not undertake to decide, which—if any—of these places had been identical with Cathandum,? ^ nor even to define the spot or particular territory, in which the saint was born. 77
We are informed, by Moroni, that in the time of the Emperor Adrian, or a little after Tarjan's death,7^ a certain wise man, named Dichus, gifted with a spirit of prophecy, had visions regarding the future greatness of Cathaldus. 79 However, this was a period much too early for any prophet to have lived in Ire- land, and who was also said to have been a cotemporary of our saint. ^° Hence, if we admit this account of such miraculous events, preceding and accompany- ing the birth of Caihaldus, Dichus must have lived at a much more recent period. This prophetic seer, Moroni tells us, observed a bright light over the house, in which our saint's mother resided, and at that time, she was about to give birth to her son. Having a Divine premonition, regarding the sanctity and actions of the future saint, and his mother's sufferings, Dichus hastened to Achlena's house to offer consolation. But, he was refused admission, at the time, as Achlena was alone, and her husband absent. However, from without, Dichus is said to have addressed Achlena, in these words : " Be of good courage, most happy mother, nor reprove the Almighty for his dis- regard of you, during the pains of childbirth, nor fear approaching death, nor the want of all necessaries; for, you shall bring forth a son, the propagator of true religion, and not alone an honour to his parents and country, but even an ornament to all Ireland, and, likewise, he will become the continual patron of a foreign people. "^' Achlena shortly afterwards gave birth to our saint, and she died from the pains of childbirth. It is said, her infant, falling on a stone
within the chamber, impressed the form of his tender head, even on the rock,^^ which yielded for a time like softened wax,^3 and afterwards retained its former rigidity. Not appearing to have suffered from the effect of his fall, the infant arose, and embraced his parent's lifeless body. Again, it recovered animation. With his finger, likewise, he pointed to the impression made in the stone. ^-t
An infancy, thus miraculously commenced, led to a youth of virtue
besides its being far distant from Lismore, the name of the saint's native spot is usually written Catandum. "
7° See "Acta Sanctorum Hibernire," viii. Martii, n. 2, p. 544-
'7 Owing to a similarity of name with Cathandum, and because they are in the Munsler province, where the writers of St. Cataldus' Acts state he was botn, are they introduced, and to gratify those inclined to offer conjectures.
7^ It must be remarked, however, that Trajan's death, occurring A. D. 1 19, he was succeeded by Adrian.
'9 See, also, Joannes Juvenis, " De Anti- quitate et Varia Tarenlinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
^^ Colgan was unable to discover any pro- phet named Dichus, or any trace of a Chris- tian people living at Catandum, Lismore, or other places in Ireland, at this early period nor could he find any prophet named Dichu or Dichus, except one, who was a disciple of St. Patrick. He was tlie Dichu who first of all believed in the Christian religion, on the preaching of our Irish Apostle in 432, and
who afterwards embraced a monastic life, a^ Saul, in Ulster. Colgan promised to treat o' him at the 29th of April—his Natalis. The same writer is of opinion, lliat this Dichu must be the prophet here alhided to, as he flourished in the middle or towards the end of the fifth century. The Acts of St. Cathal- dus, he supposes, furnish concurring evi- dence for this opinion ; namely, that Cathal- dus taught scliool at Lismore, that he ap- pointed bishops within a certain district, and that in his lime, the Catholic rehgion pre- vailed throughout the whole of Ireland. See " Acta Sanctorum IliberniK," viii. Martii. , nn. 3, 4, p. 555, and ibid. , Appendix, cap. ii. , pp. 560, 561.
**' SeeMoroni's"VitaS. Cataldi,"cap. ii. , p. 546. Ibid.
"-^ SeeDempster's"HistoriaEcclesiastica (Jentis Scotorum," tomus i. , lib. iii. , num. 278, p. 164.
*^ See Petrus de Natalibus, "Vita S. Cataldi," lib. iv. , cap. 143.
"-t See Moroni's " Vita S. Cataldi,* can. iii.
^5 " Not few years must have elapsed from
;
May io. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
191
and of good dispositions. Cathaldus appears to have received his education, at the famous scliool of Lismore, subsequent to the year 630, when it was
first estabHshed. He afterwards taught, in the same school
informed in his Office, such was the reputation it enjoyed for learning, that Gauls, English, Scotch, Germans, and people from adjoining nations, flocked thither for instruction. ^^ Having been promoted to the priestly office,^^ Cathaldus resolved upon the erection of a church, in the name of the Blessed Virgin, INIother of God,^^ that in it he might practise frequent devotions, towards her, and by his example induce others to act in like manner. ^9 From his own experience, he recognised the great advantages to be derived, from her powerful advocac}'. Scarcely, however, had he marked out the founda- tions, and commenced this work, when the only son of a certain man died a natural death,9° or from the effects of a fracture, received at the building. 9' At this time, that stone, impressed in a miraculous manner, at the period of our saint's birth, had been placed, either at Lismore, or at Catandum,^^ in the openair. Itwasheldingreatveneration,bythepeople,notonlyonaccount ofitsrelationtothetimeofoursaint'sbirth but,because,oftenasthecavity
;
;
in it had been filled with rain water, numbers of infirm persons, who washed themselves therein, were cured of various diseases. 93 A father once brought his son's corpse to this stone, hoping he should be restored to life, if washed by the water it contained. However, when he came there, he found the water exhausted, either through want of late rains, or on account of the num- bers, who were accustomed to wash in it. The hope of the father was not abandoned, notwithstanding, for he trusted in the power of Cathaldus, to res- tore his son to life
since, it was though his merits, a miraculous gift had been transmittedtothewater,containedinthatstone. Hewenttooursaint,bearing the corpse of his son. 94 When he had deplored this calamity with tears, the father asked Cathaldus, to interpose on his behalf. Our saint replied : " The son of these tears ought not long endure bitter death, or afford cause for con- tinual grief to a parent, endowed with such faith. Wherefore, being restored to life, let him support his father's old age. When dead, he hath burthened paternal shoulders, with a pious weight. "95 Soon as these words fell from the lips of Cathaldus, the young man was restored to life. This caused great wonderment to the spectators, assembled on the spot, and many souls were gained to Christ. 9^ The report of this miracle increased the fame of Catal- dus, throughout all that district of country,97 and he was soon recognised as a
subject for veneration, among Christ's most favoured servants.
third place, among eight churches then to be found, in Lismore city. See " Acta Sancto- rum Hibernioe," viii. Martii, n. 6, p. 555.
the foundation of Lismore until Cataldus
began to teach there. He had studied him-
selfin that school and spent some years at
it, before lie became qualified to be a pro-
fessor. In his time Lismore was well known
in foreign countries, which its reputation
could not have reached all of a sudden. "— Cataldi," cap. v.
Rev. Dr. Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. iii. , cap. xviii. , sect, xi. , n. 134, p. 126.
^*See " Ofificium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv.
^' See Petrus de Natalibus, "Vita S. Cataldi," lib. iv. , cap. 143.
*^ Officium S. Cataldi, Lect. iv.
^ Colgan remarks, that in his time, a church dedicated to the memory of tlie Blessed Virgin was extant in Lismore ; as appeared from the Catalogue of the Churches of Lismore diocese. After the cathedral church and another dedicated to our Saviour, the church of the Blessed Virgin occupied a
^^ "Brevissimum enim est inter utramque urbem spatium interjectum. "—Moroni's " Vita S. Cataldi," cap. v.
93 gee Joannes Juvenis, " De Antiquitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
«* See " Officium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv.
'= See Moroni's "Vita S. Cataldi," cap. v.
^ Pettus de Natalibus, " Vita S. Cataldi," cap. ii.
'^^ See Joannes Juvenis, " De Antiquitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
5° According to some old record, seen by Moroni.
^i According to Moroni's " Vita S.
f'^
and, as we are
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May io.
CHAPTERII.
ST. CATAI. DUS RAISES A YOUNG MAN TO LIl-E— HE INXURS THE ENMITY OF A CHIEF AND OF A KING—HE SUCCEEDS TO A CHIEFTANCY—HE IS APPOINTED BISHOP HIS CHURCH—CATALDUS SETS OUT ON A PILGRIMAGE TO JERUSALEM—ADMONI- TION FOR ANOTHER DESTINATION—HE ARRIVES IN ITALY—THE MIRACLES HE WROUGHT THERE CAUSED HIM TO BE NOMINATED BISHOP OF TARENTUM.
A sliort time after the performance of tliat miracle, to which alkision has been already made, a soldier's son died, in the flower of youth. His father brought the body, without assistance, to the Blessed Virgin's Church, that he might ask the prayers of Cathaldus, for a restoration to life. ' The saint had been engaged, at this time, in digging out foundations for the church, and with his own hands. ^ To end those passionate entreaties of the bereaved father, and those encomiums lavished on himself, he said : " Am I as God, that I can raise the dead from the grave ? " But, with firm faith, the soldier laid the bier on whicli his son's body rested, near the foundation ; when, either to avoid the man's importunity, or to preserve his own Inimility, Cathaldus resumed his interrupted labour. While thus engaged, he threw a portion of clay, taken from the foundation, over the dead body. The young man was imme- diately restored to life ;3 and, at once, he rushed forward to embrace his parent. Such was the joy manifested by both, that they remained for some time motionless, with wonder and delight, while tears of thanksgiving gushed from their eyes, and bedewed their cheeks. -* By the performance of such miracles, Cathaldus is said to have effected the conversion of many ;5 and, throughout the whole of Ireland none were left, who had not embraced the true religion, in consequence of God's grace working through hint. ^ But, finding his reign likely to be extinguished in the hearts of men, the devil de- vised a means, whereby our saint should be prevented from spreading Gospel truths, and even be removed from the scenes of his labour and usefulness.
We are told, that a chief, who is named Meltridis,^ had frequently excited against Cataldus the anger of the king, who ruled over that part of the country. ^ That soldier, whose son had been raised to life, unable to restrain his joy, brought the young man for inspection to the king,9 in that part of the country, andexplainedparticularsconnectedwiththemiraclewrought. Atthesame time, he told the king,'° a great number of people had been present, at Lismore,
Chapter ii.
3* These contradictious and mistatements
a native of Hibernia. See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernia," viii. Martii, Appen- dix ad Acta S. Cataldi, cap. iii. , pp. 561, 562.
3? The Vita S. Cataldi, and Bruodin, p. 879, are quoted.
38 g^g Ferrar's " History of Limerick,"
—
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May 10,
patron of Turentum in Italy. 3^ Some writers will have it, that St. Cathaldus arrived from Ireland, in Tarentum, ad. i6o,39 or i66;4o Ughelli ' has the latter date ; others have a. D. 170—such as Bartholomew '^ and Bonaventure*3 Moroni. But, as author? ;, who place Cathaldus in the second century, remark of him, in their accounts, that he visited the sepulchre of Christ, at Jerusalem, before he came to Tarentum ; and, as we do not find, that the Holy Land had been much frequented by pilgrims, before the Empress Helena discovered Christ's tomb, a. d. 326 ; our saint's arrival at Tarentum must have been subsequent to that period. -*^ Whilst advancing this position, Caraccioli^s hazards also an opinion, that Cathaldus lived subsequent to the arrival of the Goths, in Italy, viz. , after a. d. 500. This is also an opinion of Alexander ab Alexandro. ^^ If we are to credit the accounts, in the Life of St. Cathaldus, that before leaving Ireland, when departing for Italy, the- year 500 or 520 might have elapsed ; about these periods, Ireland must have had, at least, one hundredcontemporaneousbishops. -*? Atorabouta. d. 630,4^afterhisexpul- sion Irom Rathen, St. Mocluida,'*^ or Carthage, founded Lismore, according to the Annals of Tigernach,5° of Clonmacnoise,5' of Ulster,S2 and of the Four Masters. 53 As it is stated, in the same Life, that our saint studied at Lis- more,54 and taught in its schools,55 he must have lived even later. Coigan thinks, that our saint could not have been a teacher of English, Scotch, Gauls, and Germans,56 before a. d. 636, at which time, it is probable, St. Carthage died ; and before which period, English and German converts were not found in sufficient numbers, to have left their own country for Ireland, to receive education at her schools. ^? The period of Cataldus has been referred even to die eighth century,s^ Again, the Meliridis, mentioned in the Life . md
pari iii. , chap, iii. , p. 184.
^9 In the Preface to his History of Taren-
tum, Juhn Juvenis states, that Cataldus
from Ireland effected the conversion ot
Pagans in Tarentum, about 160 years after
our Lord's Ascension, Anicetus being mx," viii. Martii. Appendix ad Acta . S.
Sovereign Pontiff, at the time.
*° In another part of this work, the author
tells us, that during the same pontificate, in the year of our Lord 166, Catlialdus entered Tarentum. See Joannes Juvenis "' De Anti- quitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii.
' See "Italia Sacra," lomusix. Tarentina Metropolis, col. 124.
•• Larlholumew Moroni says, that Cathal- dus entered Tarentum, about the year of the Incarnation 170, when Pope . \nicetus ruled the Church, and Antoninus the Philosopher governed tlie I'. mpire. See Bartholomew Moroni's Vila . S. Calaldi, ca]). xiv. . in Col- gan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernia;," viii. Martii, p. 548.
*3 " . Syrus Anicetus sacrarum pondera rerum
Suslinet, ct Princeps Aurelius eminct — orbi. "
"Cataldiados,"lib. ii.
** The Bollandists remark, that they found a marginal note, referring his arrival there to " anno Di. xvi," instead of to " anno ci. xvi," whicli connected it v\ilh tlie time of P'ii)e Anicetus.
Cataldi, cap. ii. , p. 560.
** See Ussliers Index Chronologicus, at
A. D. ucx. KX. , " Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates. " p. 537.
« See his Life, at the 14th of May. 5° These have the date 636.
5' At A. D. 632.
5» See at A. D. 635.
S3 See at A. D. 631, the expulsion from Rathen recorded, in Dr. O' Donovan's etli- tion, vol. i. , pp. 252, 253.
5-t St. Cartage founded it, when driven from Rathen.
55 According *o Dr. diaries Smith, this happened after the death of . St. Carthage. See "Ancient anil Present Slate of the County and City of Waterford," chap, iii. , p. 28.
"Sec " Oihcium S. Calhaldi," Noct. ii. , Lect. iv.
5' See Colgan's " . \cta Sanctorum Hiber- nice," viii. Martii, p. 557. . Mso, Appendix, cap. ii. , p. 561.
5^ . See Thomas D'Arcy M'(«ce's" Popular History of Ireland," Book i. , chap, viii. ,
^5 In his Neapolitan Annals, published, a. d. 1626.
^* See "Genialium Dierum," lib. iii. , cap. 15.
P-
51-
59 See Coigan s " Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
•' . See Colgan"s " Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
niie," viii. Martii, Appendix, cap. ii. , p. 561.
'° However, Bonaventure Morini insinua- tes, that RIeltridis was a King in Ulster :
" Postera fulgebat roseis Aurora qua- drigis,
Cum videt Oltonios consurgere navita portus
*° Achlenna is a name given to the mothers of St. Fintan, of St. Columbus and of St. Lugdius. See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hibernice," viii. Martii, nn. 3, 4, p. 544.
^^ Moroni derives the names of both his parents from Greek works, evxi\ and A^rycr;, which means "piety" and "wisdom. " Vita S. Cataldi, lib. i. , cap. i.
alnos. "
hb i. , cap. 143, p. 544.
69 In " Vita S. Cataldi," lib. i. , cap. i.
^° " Officium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv .
7' Colgan, who has apparently corrected
——
May io. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 1S9
Office of our saint,59 appears to have been identical with Moelochtrige, chief- tain of Nan-Desii, who bestowed Lismore upon St. Carthage, and who, in all probability, survived this saint. ^° It is said, that on the death of this Meltri- dis, Cathaldus received the lands of his chieftanry,^' as a grant from the king, and that these were divided into twelve Bishoprics, presided over by an Arch- bishop. ^^ Hence, it might be probable, that Cathaldus did not leave Ireland, before the year 640. ^^
The father of Cathaldus was named Eucho or Euchu,^'* and his mother's namewasAthena^'= orAchlena,^^accordingtothesaint'sActs. ^^ According to Peter de Natalibus, the town in which he was born was called Cataldus. ^^ In his Life of our saint, Moroni says, that the name of the town in which he was born, was called Rachau, by some writers, and that it was a place of some note, in the province of INIunster ; while, by others, it was designated as Cathandum. With these latter, he seem to coincide. The name Cathaldus Rachau, he supposes, will apply to our saint's episcopal See, and not to the place of his birth. It must also be confessed, that to me his wordings and deductions, regarding this passage, in our saint's Life, are by no means lumi- nous. ^9 In the office of Cathaldus, his place of birth is called Catandum, which is said to have been a town of Numenia 7°—a mistake ? for Mumenia,^^ Momonia,Murnonia,MononiaorMunster. 73 Aplace,calledBallyCathal, or Cathalstown, which exists in the Diocese of Killaloe, Barony of Ormond, and County of Tipperaay, is mentioned by Colgan, wdthout stating, how- ever, this to have been the locality for our saint's birth. 74 There is another place called Ballycahill, in the same county, at the borders of Kilnemanagh and Kinelegourty Baronies. 75 A place, called Kill Cathuil, that is, the " cell of
unde improbus
lUusus Furiis, geminas emiserat niffi," Martii viii. Vita S. Cataldi Episcopi,
Fluctibus e mediis ; ante Tyrannus,
^^ See Colgan's " Acta Sanctorum Ilibcr-
—" Cathaldiados," lib. i.
*' See Officium S. Cathaldi, Lect. v.
*^ See Moroni's Vita S. Cathaldi, lib. i. ,
cap. viii.
^^ See Colgan's 'Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
nice," viii. Martii. Also, Appendix cap. ii.
,
PP- 547-557, 561-
** Among the Irish, the names Euchu,
Eucho, Echa, and Eochaidh, frequently for /;/, iu the beginning, and it comes into
occur. Thus, in Jocelyn's Life of St. Patrick, we find Echu and iluchus. Other hagio- graphershave Euchodius and Eucliadius, as also Euchus. In the Irish languge dh is aspirated and not pronounced, and there- fore in Colgan's opinion, the Latin writers passed them over, as having no force.
the middle afterwards.
7- That southern province of Ireland, in
which St. Cathaldus was born, and in which Lismore, where he was educated, is placed, was called by ancient writers Mumenia.
'5 These latter are the more more modern names, by which the Province is designated. *5 If instead of Athena, we read /Ethna or See "Acta Sanctorum Plibernias," viii.
Ethenea, either of these names were familiar tothelrish. Thus, also Ethnea was mother of St. Columba, of St. Maidoc, of St. Aid, of St. Critan, according to St. ^ngus, in his tract, on the Mothers of the Irish Saints, lib. iv. , cap. 13, 21, 58, 84.
Martii, n. i, p. 555.
? • See "Acta Sanctorum Hibernise," viii.
Martii, n. 2, p. 544.
75 See Rev. Ur. Lanigan's Ecclesiastical
History of Ireland," vol. iii. ,cap. xviii. , sect, xi. , n. 131, p. 125. The Doctor adds : " But,
this mistake in the Life, by Moroni, adds in a note, that here an error crept in, which the author placed among his errata, thus endea- vouring to emend it, z-vAiox NuvienicE,\iQ. gives Mononia', but even so, it is faulty. For the letter n beginning the former is substituted
igo LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May io.
Cathald," existed in Munster, besides a castle named Dun-Callaind, near Waterford, and a town called Callaind, on the confines of Leinster and Mun- ster. But, Colgan does not undertake to decide, which—if any—of these places had been identical with Cathandum,? ^ nor even to define the spot or particular territory, in which the saint was born. 77
We are informed, by Moroni, that in the time of the Emperor Adrian, or a little after Tarjan's death,7^ a certain wise man, named Dichus, gifted with a spirit of prophecy, had visions regarding the future greatness of Cathaldus. 79 However, this was a period much too early for any prophet to have lived in Ire- land, and who was also said to have been a cotemporary of our saint. ^° Hence, if we admit this account of such miraculous events, preceding and accompany- ing the birth of Caihaldus, Dichus must have lived at a much more recent period. This prophetic seer, Moroni tells us, observed a bright light over the house, in which our saint's mother resided, and at that time, she was about to give birth to her son. Having a Divine premonition, regarding the sanctity and actions of the future saint, and his mother's sufferings, Dichus hastened to Achlena's house to offer consolation. But, he was refused admission, at the time, as Achlena was alone, and her husband absent. However, from without, Dichus is said to have addressed Achlena, in these words : " Be of good courage, most happy mother, nor reprove the Almighty for his dis- regard of you, during the pains of childbirth, nor fear approaching death, nor the want of all necessaries; for, you shall bring forth a son, the propagator of true religion, and not alone an honour to his parents and country, but even an ornament to all Ireland, and, likewise, he will become the continual patron of a foreign people. "^' Achlena shortly afterwards gave birth to our saint, and she died from the pains of childbirth. It is said, her infant, falling on a stone
within the chamber, impressed the form of his tender head, even on the rock,^^ which yielded for a time like softened wax,^3 and afterwards retained its former rigidity. Not appearing to have suffered from the effect of his fall, the infant arose, and embraced his parent's lifeless body. Again, it recovered animation. With his finger, likewise, he pointed to the impression made in the stone. ^-t
An infancy, thus miraculously commenced, led to a youth of virtue
besides its being far distant from Lismore, the name of the saint's native spot is usually written Catandum. "
7° See "Acta Sanctorum Hibernire," viii. Martii, n. 2, p. 544-
'7 Owing to a similarity of name with Cathandum, and because they are in the Munsler province, where the writers of St. Cataldus' Acts state he was botn, are they introduced, and to gratify those inclined to offer conjectures.
7^ It must be remarked, however, that Trajan's death, occurring A. D. 1 19, he was succeeded by Adrian.
'9 See, also, Joannes Juvenis, " De Anti- quitate et Varia Tarenlinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
^^ Colgan was unable to discover any pro- phet named Dichus, or any trace of a Chris- tian people living at Catandum, Lismore, or other places in Ireland, at this early period nor could he find any prophet named Dichu or Dichus, except one, who was a disciple of St. Patrick. He was tlie Dichu who first of all believed in the Christian religion, on the preaching of our Irish Apostle in 432, and
who afterwards embraced a monastic life, a^ Saul, in Ulster. Colgan promised to treat o' him at the 29th of April—his Natalis. The same writer is of opinion, lliat this Dichu must be the prophet here alhided to, as he flourished in the middle or towards the end of the fifth century. The Acts of St. Cathal- dus, he supposes, furnish concurring evi- dence for this opinion ; namely, that Cathal- dus taught scliool at Lismore, that he ap- pointed bishops within a certain district, and that in his lime, the Catholic rehgion pre- vailed throughout the whole of Ireland. See " Acta Sanctorum IliberniK," viii. Martii. , nn. 3, 4, p. 555, and ibid. , Appendix, cap. ii. , pp. 560, 561.
**' SeeMoroni's"VitaS. Cataldi,"cap. ii. , p. 546. Ibid.
"-^ SeeDempster's"HistoriaEcclesiastica (Jentis Scotorum," tomus i. , lib. iii. , num. 278, p. 164.
*^ See Petrus de Natalibus, "Vita S. Cataldi," lib. iv. , cap. 143.
"-t See Moroni's " Vita S. Cataldi,* can. iii.
^5 " Not few years must have elapsed from
;
May io. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
191
and of good dispositions. Cathaldus appears to have received his education, at the famous scliool of Lismore, subsequent to the year 630, when it was
first estabHshed. He afterwards taught, in the same school
informed in his Office, such was the reputation it enjoyed for learning, that Gauls, English, Scotch, Germans, and people from adjoining nations, flocked thither for instruction. ^^ Having been promoted to the priestly office,^^ Cathaldus resolved upon the erection of a church, in the name of the Blessed Virgin, INIother of God,^^ that in it he might practise frequent devotions, towards her, and by his example induce others to act in like manner. ^9 From his own experience, he recognised the great advantages to be derived, from her powerful advocac}'. Scarcely, however, had he marked out the founda- tions, and commenced this work, when the only son of a certain man died a natural death,9° or from the effects of a fracture, received at the building. 9' At this time, that stone, impressed in a miraculous manner, at the period of our saint's birth, had been placed, either at Lismore, or at Catandum,^^ in the openair. Itwasheldingreatveneration,bythepeople,notonlyonaccount ofitsrelationtothetimeofoursaint'sbirth but,because,oftenasthecavity
;
;
in it had been filled with rain water, numbers of infirm persons, who washed themselves therein, were cured of various diseases. 93 A father once brought his son's corpse to this stone, hoping he should be restored to life, if washed by the water it contained. However, when he came there, he found the water exhausted, either through want of late rains, or on account of the num- bers, who were accustomed to wash in it. The hope of the father was not abandoned, notwithstanding, for he trusted in the power of Cathaldus, to res- tore his son to life
since, it was though his merits, a miraculous gift had been transmittedtothewater,containedinthatstone. Hewenttooursaint,bearing the corpse of his son. 94 When he had deplored this calamity with tears, the father asked Cathaldus, to interpose on his behalf. Our saint replied : " The son of these tears ought not long endure bitter death, or afford cause for con- tinual grief to a parent, endowed with such faith. Wherefore, being restored to life, let him support his father's old age. When dead, he hath burthened paternal shoulders, with a pious weight. "95 Soon as these words fell from the lips of Cathaldus, the young man was restored to life. This caused great wonderment to the spectators, assembled on the spot, and many souls were gained to Christ. 9^ The report of this miracle increased the fame of Catal- dus, throughout all that district of country,97 and he was soon recognised as a
subject for veneration, among Christ's most favoured servants.
third place, among eight churches then to be found, in Lismore city. See " Acta Sancto- rum Hibernioe," viii. Martii, n. 6, p. 555.
the foundation of Lismore until Cataldus
began to teach there. He had studied him-
selfin that school and spent some years at
it, before lie became qualified to be a pro-
fessor. In his time Lismore was well known
in foreign countries, which its reputation
could not have reached all of a sudden. "— Cataldi," cap. v.
Rev. Dr. Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. iii. , cap. xviii. , sect, xi. , n. 134, p. 126.
^*See " Ofificium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv.
^' See Petrus de Natalibus, "Vita S. Cataldi," lib. iv. , cap. 143.
*^ Officium S. Cataldi, Lect. iv.
^ Colgan remarks, that in his time, a church dedicated to the memory of tlie Blessed Virgin was extant in Lismore ; as appeared from the Catalogue of the Churches of Lismore diocese. After the cathedral church and another dedicated to our Saviour, the church of the Blessed Virgin occupied a
^^ "Brevissimum enim est inter utramque urbem spatium interjectum. "—Moroni's " Vita S. Cataldi," cap. v.
93 gee Joannes Juvenis, " De Antiquitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
«* See " Officium S. Cataldi," Lect. iv.
'= See Moroni's "Vita S. Cataldi," cap. v.
^ Pettus de Natalibus, " Vita S. Cataldi," cap. ii.
'^^ See Joannes Juvenis, " De Antiquitate et Varia Tarentinorum Fortuna," lib. viii. , cap. 2.
5° According to some old record, seen by Moroni.
^i According to Moroni's " Vita S.
f'^
and, as we are
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [May io.
CHAPTERII.
ST. CATAI. DUS RAISES A YOUNG MAN TO LIl-E— HE INXURS THE ENMITY OF A CHIEF AND OF A KING—HE SUCCEEDS TO A CHIEFTANCY—HE IS APPOINTED BISHOP HIS CHURCH—CATALDUS SETS OUT ON A PILGRIMAGE TO JERUSALEM—ADMONI- TION FOR ANOTHER DESTINATION—HE ARRIVES IN ITALY—THE MIRACLES HE WROUGHT THERE CAUSED HIM TO BE NOMINATED BISHOP OF TARENTUM.
A sliort time after the performance of tliat miracle, to which alkision has been already made, a soldier's son died, in the flower of youth. His father brought the body, without assistance, to the Blessed Virgin's Church, that he might ask the prayers of Cathaldus, for a restoration to life. ' The saint had been engaged, at this time, in digging out foundations for the church, and with his own hands. ^ To end those passionate entreaties of the bereaved father, and those encomiums lavished on himself, he said : " Am I as God, that I can raise the dead from the grave ? " But, with firm faith, the soldier laid the bier on whicli his son's body rested, near the foundation ; when, either to avoid the man's importunity, or to preserve his own Inimility, Cathaldus resumed his interrupted labour. While thus engaged, he threw a portion of clay, taken from the foundation, over the dead body. The young man was imme- diately restored to life ;3 and, at once, he rushed forward to embrace his parent. Such was the joy manifested by both, that they remained for some time motionless, with wonder and delight, while tears of thanksgiving gushed from their eyes, and bedewed their cheeks. -* By the performance of such miracles, Cathaldus is said to have effected the conversion of many ;5 and, throughout the whole of Ireland none were left, who had not embraced the true religion, in consequence of God's grace working through hint. ^ But, finding his reign likely to be extinguished in the hearts of men, the devil de- vised a means, whereby our saint should be prevented from spreading Gospel truths, and even be removed from the scenes of his labour and usefulness.
We are told, that a chief, who is named Meltridis,^ had frequently excited against Cataldus the anger of the king, who ruled over that part of the country. ^ That soldier, whose son had been raised to life, unable to restrain his joy, brought the young man for inspection to the king,9 in that part of the country, andexplainedparticularsconnectedwiththemiraclewrought. Atthesame time, he told the king,'° a great number of people had been present, at Lismore,
Chapter ii.
