It is addressed to another monk, Callinicus ; land ; but the editors, in their
Prolegomena
to the
and begins with these two lines :-
volume, c.
and begins with these two lines :-
volume, c.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
(No.
13.
)
passage. It appears, however, from the extract 25. SCRIPTOR DE AGRICULTURA. Athenaeus
occupying its proper place in the Lexicon accord-|(i. ) mentions a Philippus, without any distinctive
a
ing to its present heading, that the defect existed epithet, as the author of a work on Agriculture,
in the source from which Suidas borrowed. Kuster, either entitled rewpyunóv, Georgicum, or similar to
the editor of Suidas (not. in loc. ) after long inves- the work of Androtion, another writer on agricul-
tigation, was enabled to supply the omission by ture (ANDROTION], which bore that title. Nothing
comparing a passage in Diogenes Laërtius (iii
. more is known of this Philip.
37), and to identify " the philosopher” of Suidas 26. Of SIDE (ο Σιδίτης, or ο Σιδέτης, Or ο από
with Philip of the Locrian town of Opus, near the sidns), a Christian writer of the first half of the
channel which separates Euboea from the main fifth century. His birth must be placed in the
land. The passage in Laërtius is as follows: latter part of the fourth century, but its exact date
“ Some say that Philip the Opuntian transcribed is not known. He was a native of Side in Pam-
his (Plato's) work, De Legibus, which was written phylia, and according to his own account in the
in wax (i. e. on wooden tablets covered with a fragment published by Dodwell (see below), when
coat of wax). They say also that the 'Et vous, Rhodon, who succeeded Didymus in the charge of
Epinomis (the thirteenth book of the De Legibus), the Catechetical school of Alexandria, transferred
is bis," i. e. Philip's. The Epinomis, whether that school to Side, Philip became one of bis
written by Philip or by Plato, is usually included pupils. If we suppose Didymus to have retained
among the works of the latter. (Plato. ] Dio- the charge of the school till his death, A. D. 396
genes Laërtius elsewhere (iii. 46) enumerates [DIDYMUS, No. 4), at the advanced age of 86,
Philip among the disciples of Plato. (Fabric. the removal of the school cannot have taken place
Bibl. Graec. vol. jii, p. 104. )
long before the close of the century, and we may
20. Ort APOLLINIS INTERPRES (Voss. De infer that Philip's birth could scarcely have been
Historicis Graecis, lib. iii. ). (HOR APOLLO. ] earlier than a. D. 380. He was a kinsman of
21. Parodus, the Parodist. In a fragment Troilus of Side, the rhetorician, who was tutor to
of the Parodish, Matron (MATRON], quoted by Socrates the ecclesiastical historian, and was in-
## p. 291 (#307) ############################################
PHILIPPUS.
291
PIIILIPPUS.
deed so eminent that Philip regarded his relation- | i. e. sections. This voluminous work appears to
ship to him as a subject of exultation (Socrates, have comprehended both sacred and ecclesiastical
H. E. vii
. 27). Having entered the church, he history, beginning from the Creation, and coming
was ordained deacon, and had much intercourse down to Philip's own day, as appears by his record
with Chrysostom ; in the titles of some MSS. he of the election of Sisinnius, already noticed. It
is styled his Syncellus, or personal attendant, appears to have been finished not very long after
which makes it probable that he was, from the that event. Theophanes places its completion in
early part of his ecclesiastical career, connected A. M. 5922, Alex. era = A. D. 430 ; which, accord-
with the church at Constantinople. Liberatus ing to him, was the year before the death of
(Breviar. c. 7) says he was ordained deacon by Sisinnius. That the work was completed before
Chrysostom ; but Socrates, when speaking of his the death of Sisinnius is probable from the
intimacy with that eminent man, does not say he apparent silence of Philip as to his subsequent
was ordained by him. Philip devoted himself to disappointments in obtaining the patriarchate :
literary pursuits, and collected a large library. but ns Sisinnius according to a more exact
He cultivated the Asiatic or diffuse style of com- chronology, died 1. D. 428, we may conclude
position, and became a voluminous writer. At that the work was finished in or before that year,
wliat period of his life his different works were and, consequently, that the date assigned by
produced is not known. His Ecclesiastical His- Theophanes is rather too late. The style was
tory was, as we shall see, written after his dis- verbose and wearisome, neither polished nor
appointment in obtaining the patriarchate : but as agreeable ; and the matter such as to display
his being a candidate for that high office seems ostentatiously the knowledge of the writer, rather
to imply some previous celebrity, it may be than to conduce to the improvement of the reader.
inferred that his work or works in reply to the em. It was, in fact, crammed with matter of every
peror Julian's attacks on Christianity were written kind, relevant and irrelevant: questions of geo-
at an earlier period. On the death of Atticus patri- metry, astronomy, arithmetic and music ; descrip-
arch of Constantinople a. D. 425 [Atticus) Philip, tions of islands, mountains and trees, rendered it
then a presbyter, apparently of the great church cumbersome and unreadable. Chronological ar-
of Constantinople, and Proclus, another presbyter, rangement was disregarded. The work is lost,
were proposed, each by his own partizans, as can- with the exception of three fragments. One of
didates for the vacant see ; but the whole people these, De Scholae Catecheticae Alexandrinae Suo-
were bent upon the election of Sisinnius, also a cessione, on the succession of teachers in the Cate-
presbyter, though not of Constantinople, but of a chetical School of Alexandria, was published from
church in Elaea, one of the suburbs. (Socrates, a MS. in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, by
H. E. vii. 26. ) The statement of Socrates as to Dodwell, with his Dissertationes in Irenaeum, 8vo.
the unanimity of the popular wish leads to the Oxford, 1689, and has been repeatedly reprinter.
inference that the supporters of Philip and Proclus It is given in the ninth rolunue of the Bibliotheca
were among the clergy. Sisinnius was the suc. Patrum of Galland, p. 401. Another fragment in
cessful candidate ; and Philip, mortified at his the same MS. , De Constantino, Maximiano, et Li-
defeat, made in his Ecclesiastical History such cinio Augustis, was prepared for publication by
severe strictures on the election of his more for. Crusius, but has never, we believe, been actually
tunate rival, that Socrates could not venture to published. The third fragment, Td yevóueva év
transcribe his remarks ; and has expressed his | Περσίδι μεταξύ Χριστιανών Ελλήνων τε και Ιου-
strong disapproval of his headstrong temper. On dalwv, Acta Disputationis de Christo, in Perside,
the death of Sisinnius (A. D. 428) the supporters inter Christianos, Gentiles, et Judaeos habitae, is (or
of Philip were again desirous of his appointment, was) in the Imperial Library at Vienna. Philip
but the emperor, to prevent disturbances, deter- was present at the disputation. (Socrates, H. E.
mined that no ecclesiastic of Constantinople should vii. 26, 27, 29, 35; Liberatus, l. c. ; Phot. Bill.
succeed to the vacancy; and the ill-fated heresiarch cod. 35 ; Theophan. Chronog. p. 75, ed. Paris, p.
Nestorius (NestORIUS), from Antioch, was con-60, ed. Venice, vol. i. p. 135, ed. Bonn ; Tillemont,
sequently chosen. After the deposition of Nes-Hist. des Empereurs, vol. vi. p. 130 ; Cave, Hish
torius at the council of Ephesus (A. D. 431), Philip Litt. ad ann. 418, vol. i. p. 395 ; Oudin, De Scrip-
was a third time candidate for the patriarchate, but torib. Eccles. vol. i. col. 997 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
was again unsuccessful. Nothing is known of him vol. vi. pp. 739, 747, 749, vol. vii. p. 418, vol. x.
after this. It has been conjectured that he was p. 691 ; Galland, Biblioth. Patrum, vol. ix. Prol.
dead before the next vacancy in the patriarchate c. 11; Lambecius, Commentar. de Biblioth. Cae-
A. D. 434, when his old competitor Proclus was saraea, lib. 6. vol. v. col. 289, vol. vi. pars ii. col.
chosen. Certainly there is no notice that Philip was 406, ed. Kollar. )
again a candidate : but the prompt decision of the 27. SOLITARIUS. The title Solitarius is given
emperor Theodosius in Proclus' favour prevented by bibliographers to a Greek monk of the time of
all competition, so that no inference can be drawn the emperor Alexius I. Comnenus, of whom nothing
from Philip's quiescence.
further seems to be known than what may be
Philip wrote, 1. Mulla volumina contra Impe- gleaned from the titles and introductions of his ex-
ratorem Julianum Apostatam. (Liberatus, Breviar. tant works. He wrote :- 1. Alóatpa, Dioptra, s.
c. 7; comp. Socrat. H. E. vii. 27. ) It is not clear Amussis Fidei et Vitae Christianae, written in the
from the expression of Liberatus, which we have kind of measure called “versus politici,"* and in
given as the title, whether Philip wrote many
works, , as is more likely, one work in many • These“ versus politici” are thus described by
parts, in reply to Julian. 2. 'lotopia Xplotsavin, the Jesuit Goar: “In versibus politicis, numerus
Historia Christiana. The work was very large, syllabarum ad cantum non ad exactae poëtices pros-
consisting of thirty-six Biblot or Bobría, Libri, odiam observatur. Octava syllaba, ubi caesura est,
each subdivided into twenty-four tópos or Aéros, medium versus tenet, reliquae septem perficiunt.
u 2
## p. 292 (#308) ############################################
292
PHILIPPUS.
PHILIPPUS.
μου;
the form of a dialogue between the soul and the humous) volume of the Bibliotheca Patrum of Gal-
body.
It is addressed to another monk, Callinicus ; land ; but the editors, in their Prolegomena to the
and begins with these two lines :-
volume, c. 15, observe that they knew not on what
Πως κάθη και πώς αμεριμνείς και πώς αμελείς, ψυχή authority Galland had assigned it to Philip. Among
the pieces given as Appendices to the Dioptri, are
“Ο χρόνος σου πεπλήρωται· έξελθε του σαρκίου. | some verses in praise of the work and its author, by
one Constantine, perhaps the person addressed in
The work, in its complete state, consisted of five No. 2, and by Bestus or Vestue, a grammarian,
books; but most of the MSS. are mutilated or | Στίχοι κυρου Κωνσταντίνου και Βέστου του γραμ-
otherwise defective, and want the first book. Some Latinov, Versus Domini Constantini et l'esti Graine
of them have been interpolated by a later hand. matici. (Lambecius, Commentar, de Biblioth. Cue-
Michael Psellus, not the older writer of that name, saraca, lib. &. vol. v. col. 76-97, and 141, codd.
who died about A. D. 1078, but one of later date, 213, 214, 215, and 232, ed Kollar ; Cave, Hist.
wrote a preface and notes to the Dioptra of Litt. ad ann. 1095, vol. ii. p. 163; Oudin, De Scrip-
Philip. A Latin prose translation of the Dioptra torib. Eccles, vol. ii. col. 851. )
by the Jesuit Jacobus Pontanus, with notes, by 28. SOPHISTA. (No. 13. ]
another Jesuit, Jacobus Gretserus, was published, 29. STUDITA. In the notice of the Adrersaria
4to. Ingoldstadt, 1604 ; but it was made from Gerardi Langbaini contained in the Catalogus
a mutilated copy, and consisted of only four MStorum Angliae et Hiberniae, vol. i. p. 269, the
books, and these, as the translator admits in eighth volume of Langbaine's collection is said to
his Praefatio ad Lectorem, interpolated and trans- contain a notice, De Philippi Stulitae Historia
posed ad libituin. Philip wrote also :-2. Tą Graeca. Of the historian or his work there is, we
κατά πνεύμα νια και ιερεί Κωνσταντίνω περί believe, no notice in any extant writer ; and as the
πρεσβείας και προστασίας απόλογος, Epistola Apo- preceding article in Languaine's book is described
logetica ad Constantinum Filium Spiritualem et Sa- as Scholae Alexandrinae l'aedagogorum Successio,
cerdotem, de Differentia inter Intercessionem et Auri- and is probably the fragment of the work of Philip
lium Sanctorum. 3. Versus Politici, in the begin- of Side, already noticed [No. 26), we suspect that
ning of which he states with great exactness the “ Studitae” is an error for "Sidetae," and that the
time of his finishing the Dioptra, 12th May, A. M. Historia Graeca is no other than his Historia
6603, era Constantinop. in the third indiction, in the Christiana, which is termed Graeca, not because it
tenth year of the lunar Cycle = A. D. 1095, not 1105, treats of Grecian affairs, but is written in the Greek
as has been incorrectly stated. Cave has, without language. (Catal. MStorum Angliae, fa hoc. ;
sufficient authority, ascribed to our Philip two other Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 709. )
works, which are indeed given in a Vienna MS. 30. Of THEANGELA (Ó Ocayzeneús), a writer
(Codex 213, apud Lambec. ) as Appendices to the cited by Athenaeus (vi. p. 271, b) and by Sirabo
Dioptra. One of these works ( Appendix secunda), (xiv. p. 662). He wrote a history of Caria, the title
“Οτι ουκ έφαγε το νομικόν πάσχα ο Χριστός εν τω | or description of which is thus given by Athenaeus
δείπνο, αλλά το αληθινόν, Demonstratio quod (2. c. ), Περί Καρών και Λελέγων σύγγραμμα; and by
Christus in Sacra Coena non legale sed rerum come- Strabo more briefly, Kapiká. The work is lost.
derit Pascha, may have been written by Philip. Its Theangela, from which Philip received his desig-
arguments are derived from Scripture and St. Epi- nation, apparently as being a native of it, was a
phanius. The other work, consisting of five chapters, city on the most eastern promontory of Caria, not
De Fide et Cueremoniis Armeniorum, Jacobitarum, far from Halicarnassus. Of the age of Philip
Chatzitzariorum et Romanorum seu Francorum, was nothing is known, except that he was earlier than
published, with a Latin version, but without an Strabo ; but if there is any reason for identifying
author's name, in the Auctarium Novum of Com- him with Philip Isangelus (ó Eloargedeus), men-
béfis, fol. Paris, 1648, vol. i. col. 261, &c. , but was, tioned by Plutarch (No. 14), he must be placed
on the authority of MSS. , assigned by Combéns, after the time of Alexander the Great. (Vossius,
in a note, to Demetrius of Cyzicus [DEMETRIUS, De Hist. Graec. lib. iii. )
No. 17), to whom appears rightly to belong 31. THEOPOMPI EPITOMATOR. (Comp. Photius,
(comp. Cave, Hist. Litt. Dissertatio I. p. 6 ; Fabric. Biblioth. cod. 176. )
Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. 414). The Chatzitzarii (Xat. 32. Of THESSALONICA. (See below. ) (J. C. M. ]
6. 7 Śápioi) were a sect who paid religious homage to PHILIPPUS, of Thessalonica, an epigrame
the image of the Cross, but employed no other images matic poet, who, besides composing a large number
in their worship. The work of Demetrius appears of epigrams himself
, compiled one of the ancient
under the name of Philip in the fourteenth (post-Greek Anthologies. The whole number of epi-
grams ascribed to him in the Greek Anthology is
His recentiores duotoTedeūta, pariter cadentium nearly ninety ; but of these, six (Nos. 36-41)
exitum, quem rhythmum (rhyme) dicimus,addidere. ought to be ascribed to Lucillius, and a few others
Politicos vocatos arbitror quod vulgo Constantino- are manifestly borrowed from earlier poets, while
poli per compita canerentur. ” Quoted in Lambec. others are mere imitations. (Comp. above, Phi-
Commentur. de Biblioth. Caesar, vol. s. lib. iv. col. Lippus, literary, Nos. 10 and 15. ) They include
397, note 2, ed. Kollar. The measure is retained nearly all the different classes of subjects treated of
in English as a ballad measure, and may be illus- in the Greek epigrammatic poetry,
trated by the old ditty of “ The Unfortunate Miss
The Anthology ('Aveonola) of Philip, in imi-
Bayley," the first two lines of which closely re-tation of that of Meleager, and as a sort of supple-
semble in their cadence those cited in the text:-
ment to it, contains chiefly the epigrams of poets
"A captain bold of Halifax, who lived in country who lived in, or shortly before, the time of Philip.
quarters,
These poets were the following: Antipater of
Seduced a maid who hung herself one morning Thessalonica, Crinagoras, Antiphilus, Tullius, Phi-
in her garters," &c.
lodemus, Parmenion, Antiphanes, Automedon
## p. 293 (#309) ############################################
PHILISCUS.
293
ܐܢܐ ܠܐ
Hea
est Guar
14l,
והה-35
Chiara
of Puig
le;
PHILIPPUS.
Zonas, Bianor, Antigonus, Diodorus, Evenus, and He is also mentioned by Galen, De Febr. Diffet.
some others whose names he does not mention. ii. 6, vol. vii. p. 347, De Plenit. c. 4, vol. vii. p.
The earliest of these poets seems to be Philodemus, 530. It is uncertain whether the Philippus of
the contemporary of Cicero, and the latest Auto- Macedonia, one of whose antidotes is quoted by
medon, who probably flourished under Nerva. Galen (De Antid. ii. 8, vol. xiv. p. 149), is the
llence it is inferred that Philip flourished in the same person.
time of Trajan. Various allusions in his own A sophist of this name is said by Aëtius (i. 4.
epigrams prove that he lived after the time of Au- 96, p. 186) to have promised immortality to those
gustus. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. pp. 934— persons who would engage to follow his directions,
936. )
[P. S. ] but it is not specified that he was a physician;
PHILIPPUS (DIATTOS), the name of several neither is it known whether the father of the cele-
physicians
brated physician, Archigenes, whose name was
1. A native of Acarnania, the friend and phy- Philippus (Suid. s. v. 'Apxiyérns), was himself a
sician of Alexander the Great, of whom a well-member of the medical profession. (W. A. G. ]
known story is told by feveral ancient authors. PHILISCUS (Alokos), a citizen of Abydus,
He was the means of saving the king's life, when who in B. C. 368 was sent into Greece by Ariobar-
he had been seized with a severe attack of fever, zanes, the Persian satrap of the Hellespont, to
brought on by bathing in the cold waters of the effect a reconciliation between the Thebans and
river Cydnus in Cilicia, after being violently heated, Lacedaemonians. He came well supplied with
B. C. 333. Parmenion sent to warn Alexander that money, and in the name of Artaxerxes IJ. ; but in
Philippus had been bribed by Dareius to poison a congress which he caused to be held at Delphi,
him ; the king, however, would not believe the in- he failed to accomplish his object, as the Thebans
formation, nor doubt the fidelity of his physician, refused to abandon their claim to the sovereignty
but, while he drank off the draught prepared for of Boeotia, and Lacedaemon would not acknow-
him, he put into his hands the letter he had just ledge the independence of Messenia. Upon this
received, fixing his eyes at the same time steadily Philiscus, leaving behind him a body of 2000
on his countenance. A well-known modern picture mercenaries for the service of Sparta, and having
represents this incident ; and the king's speedy been honoured, as well as Ariobarzanes, with the
recovery fully justified his confidence in the skill Athenian franchise, returned to Asia. Here, under
and honesty of his physician. (Q. Curt. iii. 6 ; cover of the satrap's protection, he made himself
Valer. Max. iii, 8, in fine ; Plut. Vit. Alex.
passage. It appears, however, from the extract 25. SCRIPTOR DE AGRICULTURA. Athenaeus
occupying its proper place in the Lexicon accord-|(i. ) mentions a Philippus, without any distinctive
a
ing to its present heading, that the defect existed epithet, as the author of a work on Agriculture,
in the source from which Suidas borrowed. Kuster, either entitled rewpyunóv, Georgicum, or similar to
the editor of Suidas (not. in loc. ) after long inves- the work of Androtion, another writer on agricul-
tigation, was enabled to supply the omission by ture (ANDROTION], which bore that title. Nothing
comparing a passage in Diogenes Laërtius (iii
. more is known of this Philip.
37), and to identify " the philosopher” of Suidas 26. Of SIDE (ο Σιδίτης, or ο Σιδέτης, Or ο από
with Philip of the Locrian town of Opus, near the sidns), a Christian writer of the first half of the
channel which separates Euboea from the main fifth century. His birth must be placed in the
land. The passage in Laërtius is as follows: latter part of the fourth century, but its exact date
“ Some say that Philip the Opuntian transcribed is not known. He was a native of Side in Pam-
his (Plato's) work, De Legibus, which was written phylia, and according to his own account in the
in wax (i. e. on wooden tablets covered with a fragment published by Dodwell (see below), when
coat of wax). They say also that the 'Et vous, Rhodon, who succeeded Didymus in the charge of
Epinomis (the thirteenth book of the De Legibus), the Catechetical school of Alexandria, transferred
is bis," i. e. Philip's. The Epinomis, whether that school to Side, Philip became one of bis
written by Philip or by Plato, is usually included pupils. If we suppose Didymus to have retained
among the works of the latter. (Plato. ] Dio- the charge of the school till his death, A. D. 396
genes Laërtius elsewhere (iii. 46) enumerates [DIDYMUS, No. 4), at the advanced age of 86,
Philip among the disciples of Plato. (Fabric. the removal of the school cannot have taken place
Bibl. Graec. vol. jii, p. 104. )
long before the close of the century, and we may
20. Ort APOLLINIS INTERPRES (Voss. De infer that Philip's birth could scarcely have been
Historicis Graecis, lib. iii. ). (HOR APOLLO. ] earlier than a. D. 380. He was a kinsman of
21. Parodus, the Parodist. In a fragment Troilus of Side, the rhetorician, who was tutor to
of the Parodish, Matron (MATRON], quoted by Socrates the ecclesiastical historian, and was in-
## p. 291 (#307) ############################################
PHILIPPUS.
291
PIIILIPPUS.
deed so eminent that Philip regarded his relation- | i. e. sections. This voluminous work appears to
ship to him as a subject of exultation (Socrates, have comprehended both sacred and ecclesiastical
H. E. vii
. 27). Having entered the church, he history, beginning from the Creation, and coming
was ordained deacon, and had much intercourse down to Philip's own day, as appears by his record
with Chrysostom ; in the titles of some MSS. he of the election of Sisinnius, already noticed. It
is styled his Syncellus, or personal attendant, appears to have been finished not very long after
which makes it probable that he was, from the that event. Theophanes places its completion in
early part of his ecclesiastical career, connected A. M. 5922, Alex. era = A. D. 430 ; which, accord-
with the church at Constantinople. Liberatus ing to him, was the year before the death of
(Breviar. c. 7) says he was ordained deacon by Sisinnius. That the work was completed before
Chrysostom ; but Socrates, when speaking of his the death of Sisinnius is probable from the
intimacy with that eminent man, does not say he apparent silence of Philip as to his subsequent
was ordained by him. Philip devoted himself to disappointments in obtaining the patriarchate :
literary pursuits, and collected a large library. but ns Sisinnius according to a more exact
He cultivated the Asiatic or diffuse style of com- chronology, died 1. D. 428, we may conclude
position, and became a voluminous writer. At that the work was finished in or before that year,
wliat period of his life his different works were and, consequently, that the date assigned by
produced is not known. His Ecclesiastical His- Theophanes is rather too late. The style was
tory was, as we shall see, written after his dis- verbose and wearisome, neither polished nor
appointment in obtaining the patriarchate : but as agreeable ; and the matter such as to display
his being a candidate for that high office seems ostentatiously the knowledge of the writer, rather
to imply some previous celebrity, it may be than to conduce to the improvement of the reader.
inferred that his work or works in reply to the em. It was, in fact, crammed with matter of every
peror Julian's attacks on Christianity were written kind, relevant and irrelevant: questions of geo-
at an earlier period. On the death of Atticus patri- metry, astronomy, arithmetic and music ; descrip-
arch of Constantinople a. D. 425 [Atticus) Philip, tions of islands, mountains and trees, rendered it
then a presbyter, apparently of the great church cumbersome and unreadable. Chronological ar-
of Constantinople, and Proclus, another presbyter, rangement was disregarded. The work is lost,
were proposed, each by his own partizans, as can- with the exception of three fragments. One of
didates for the vacant see ; but the whole people these, De Scholae Catecheticae Alexandrinae Suo-
were bent upon the election of Sisinnius, also a cessione, on the succession of teachers in the Cate-
presbyter, though not of Constantinople, but of a chetical School of Alexandria, was published from
church in Elaea, one of the suburbs. (Socrates, a MS. in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, by
H. E. vii. 26. ) The statement of Socrates as to Dodwell, with his Dissertationes in Irenaeum, 8vo.
the unanimity of the popular wish leads to the Oxford, 1689, and has been repeatedly reprinter.
inference that the supporters of Philip and Proclus It is given in the ninth rolunue of the Bibliotheca
were among the clergy. Sisinnius was the suc. Patrum of Galland, p. 401. Another fragment in
cessful candidate ; and Philip, mortified at his the same MS. , De Constantino, Maximiano, et Li-
defeat, made in his Ecclesiastical History such cinio Augustis, was prepared for publication by
severe strictures on the election of his more for. Crusius, but has never, we believe, been actually
tunate rival, that Socrates could not venture to published. The third fragment, Td yevóueva év
transcribe his remarks ; and has expressed his | Περσίδι μεταξύ Χριστιανών Ελλήνων τε και Ιου-
strong disapproval of his headstrong temper. On dalwv, Acta Disputationis de Christo, in Perside,
the death of Sisinnius (A. D. 428) the supporters inter Christianos, Gentiles, et Judaeos habitae, is (or
of Philip were again desirous of his appointment, was) in the Imperial Library at Vienna. Philip
but the emperor, to prevent disturbances, deter- was present at the disputation. (Socrates, H. E.
mined that no ecclesiastic of Constantinople should vii. 26, 27, 29, 35; Liberatus, l. c. ; Phot. Bill.
succeed to the vacancy; and the ill-fated heresiarch cod. 35 ; Theophan. Chronog. p. 75, ed. Paris, p.
Nestorius (NestORIUS), from Antioch, was con-60, ed. Venice, vol. i. p. 135, ed. Bonn ; Tillemont,
sequently chosen. After the deposition of Nes-Hist. des Empereurs, vol. vi. p. 130 ; Cave, Hish
torius at the council of Ephesus (A. D. 431), Philip Litt. ad ann. 418, vol. i. p. 395 ; Oudin, De Scrip-
was a third time candidate for the patriarchate, but torib. Eccles. vol. i. col. 997 ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
was again unsuccessful. Nothing is known of him vol. vi. pp. 739, 747, 749, vol. vii. p. 418, vol. x.
after this. It has been conjectured that he was p. 691 ; Galland, Biblioth. Patrum, vol. ix. Prol.
dead before the next vacancy in the patriarchate c. 11; Lambecius, Commentar. de Biblioth. Cae-
A. D. 434, when his old competitor Proclus was saraea, lib. 6. vol. v. col. 289, vol. vi. pars ii. col.
chosen. Certainly there is no notice that Philip was 406, ed. Kollar. )
again a candidate : but the prompt decision of the 27. SOLITARIUS. The title Solitarius is given
emperor Theodosius in Proclus' favour prevented by bibliographers to a Greek monk of the time of
all competition, so that no inference can be drawn the emperor Alexius I. Comnenus, of whom nothing
from Philip's quiescence.
further seems to be known than what may be
Philip wrote, 1. Mulla volumina contra Impe- gleaned from the titles and introductions of his ex-
ratorem Julianum Apostatam. (Liberatus, Breviar. tant works. He wrote :- 1. Alóatpa, Dioptra, s.
c. 7; comp. Socrat. H. E. vii. 27. ) It is not clear Amussis Fidei et Vitae Christianae, written in the
from the expression of Liberatus, which we have kind of measure called “versus politici,"* and in
given as the title, whether Philip wrote many
works, , as is more likely, one work in many • These“ versus politici” are thus described by
parts, in reply to Julian. 2. 'lotopia Xplotsavin, the Jesuit Goar: “In versibus politicis, numerus
Historia Christiana. The work was very large, syllabarum ad cantum non ad exactae poëtices pros-
consisting of thirty-six Biblot or Bobría, Libri, odiam observatur. Octava syllaba, ubi caesura est,
each subdivided into twenty-four tópos or Aéros, medium versus tenet, reliquae septem perficiunt.
u 2
## p. 292 (#308) ############################################
292
PHILIPPUS.
PHILIPPUS.
μου;
the form of a dialogue between the soul and the humous) volume of the Bibliotheca Patrum of Gal-
body.
It is addressed to another monk, Callinicus ; land ; but the editors, in their Prolegomena to the
and begins with these two lines :-
volume, c. 15, observe that they knew not on what
Πως κάθη και πώς αμεριμνείς και πώς αμελείς, ψυχή authority Galland had assigned it to Philip. Among
the pieces given as Appendices to the Dioptri, are
“Ο χρόνος σου πεπλήρωται· έξελθε του σαρκίου. | some verses in praise of the work and its author, by
one Constantine, perhaps the person addressed in
The work, in its complete state, consisted of five No. 2, and by Bestus or Vestue, a grammarian,
books; but most of the MSS. are mutilated or | Στίχοι κυρου Κωνσταντίνου και Βέστου του γραμ-
otherwise defective, and want the first book. Some Latinov, Versus Domini Constantini et l'esti Graine
of them have been interpolated by a later hand. matici. (Lambecius, Commentar, de Biblioth. Cue-
Michael Psellus, not the older writer of that name, saraca, lib. &. vol. v. col. 76-97, and 141, codd.
who died about A. D. 1078, but one of later date, 213, 214, 215, and 232, ed Kollar ; Cave, Hist.
wrote a preface and notes to the Dioptra of Litt. ad ann. 1095, vol. ii. p. 163; Oudin, De Scrip-
Philip. A Latin prose translation of the Dioptra torib. Eccles, vol. ii. col. 851. )
by the Jesuit Jacobus Pontanus, with notes, by 28. SOPHISTA. (No. 13. ]
another Jesuit, Jacobus Gretserus, was published, 29. STUDITA. In the notice of the Adrersaria
4to. Ingoldstadt, 1604 ; but it was made from Gerardi Langbaini contained in the Catalogus
a mutilated copy, and consisted of only four MStorum Angliae et Hiberniae, vol. i. p. 269, the
books, and these, as the translator admits in eighth volume of Langbaine's collection is said to
his Praefatio ad Lectorem, interpolated and trans- contain a notice, De Philippi Stulitae Historia
posed ad libituin. Philip wrote also :-2. Tą Graeca. Of the historian or his work there is, we
κατά πνεύμα νια και ιερεί Κωνσταντίνω περί believe, no notice in any extant writer ; and as the
πρεσβείας και προστασίας απόλογος, Epistola Apo- preceding article in Languaine's book is described
logetica ad Constantinum Filium Spiritualem et Sa- as Scholae Alexandrinae l'aedagogorum Successio,
cerdotem, de Differentia inter Intercessionem et Auri- and is probably the fragment of the work of Philip
lium Sanctorum. 3. Versus Politici, in the begin- of Side, already noticed [No. 26), we suspect that
ning of which he states with great exactness the “ Studitae” is an error for "Sidetae," and that the
time of his finishing the Dioptra, 12th May, A. M. Historia Graeca is no other than his Historia
6603, era Constantinop. in the third indiction, in the Christiana, which is termed Graeca, not because it
tenth year of the lunar Cycle = A. D. 1095, not 1105, treats of Grecian affairs, but is written in the Greek
as has been incorrectly stated. Cave has, without language. (Catal. MStorum Angliae, fa hoc. ;
sufficient authority, ascribed to our Philip two other Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. p. 709. )
works, which are indeed given in a Vienna MS. 30. Of THEANGELA (Ó Ocayzeneús), a writer
(Codex 213, apud Lambec. ) as Appendices to the cited by Athenaeus (vi. p. 271, b) and by Sirabo
Dioptra. One of these works ( Appendix secunda), (xiv. p. 662). He wrote a history of Caria, the title
“Οτι ουκ έφαγε το νομικόν πάσχα ο Χριστός εν τω | or description of which is thus given by Athenaeus
δείπνο, αλλά το αληθινόν, Demonstratio quod (2. c. ), Περί Καρών και Λελέγων σύγγραμμα; and by
Christus in Sacra Coena non legale sed rerum come- Strabo more briefly, Kapiká. The work is lost.
derit Pascha, may have been written by Philip. Its Theangela, from which Philip received his desig-
arguments are derived from Scripture and St. Epi- nation, apparently as being a native of it, was a
phanius. The other work, consisting of five chapters, city on the most eastern promontory of Caria, not
De Fide et Cueremoniis Armeniorum, Jacobitarum, far from Halicarnassus. Of the age of Philip
Chatzitzariorum et Romanorum seu Francorum, was nothing is known, except that he was earlier than
published, with a Latin version, but without an Strabo ; but if there is any reason for identifying
author's name, in the Auctarium Novum of Com- him with Philip Isangelus (ó Eloargedeus), men-
béfis, fol. Paris, 1648, vol. i. col. 261, &c. , but was, tioned by Plutarch (No. 14), he must be placed
on the authority of MSS. , assigned by Combéns, after the time of Alexander the Great. (Vossius,
in a note, to Demetrius of Cyzicus [DEMETRIUS, De Hist. Graec. lib. iii. )
No. 17), to whom appears rightly to belong 31. THEOPOMPI EPITOMATOR. (Comp. Photius,
(comp. Cave, Hist. Litt. Dissertatio I. p. 6 ; Fabric. Biblioth. cod. 176. )
Bibl. Graec. vol. xi. 414). The Chatzitzarii (Xat. 32. Of THESSALONICA. (See below. ) (J. C. M. ]
6. 7 Śápioi) were a sect who paid religious homage to PHILIPPUS, of Thessalonica, an epigrame
the image of the Cross, but employed no other images matic poet, who, besides composing a large number
in their worship. The work of Demetrius appears of epigrams himself
, compiled one of the ancient
under the name of Philip in the fourteenth (post-Greek Anthologies. The whole number of epi-
grams ascribed to him in the Greek Anthology is
His recentiores duotoTedeūta, pariter cadentium nearly ninety ; but of these, six (Nos. 36-41)
exitum, quem rhythmum (rhyme) dicimus,addidere. ought to be ascribed to Lucillius, and a few others
Politicos vocatos arbitror quod vulgo Constantino- are manifestly borrowed from earlier poets, while
poli per compita canerentur. ” Quoted in Lambec. others are mere imitations. (Comp. above, Phi-
Commentur. de Biblioth. Caesar, vol. s. lib. iv. col. Lippus, literary, Nos. 10 and 15. ) They include
397, note 2, ed. Kollar. The measure is retained nearly all the different classes of subjects treated of
in English as a ballad measure, and may be illus- in the Greek epigrammatic poetry,
trated by the old ditty of “ The Unfortunate Miss
The Anthology ('Aveonola) of Philip, in imi-
Bayley," the first two lines of which closely re-tation of that of Meleager, and as a sort of supple-
semble in their cadence those cited in the text:-
ment to it, contains chiefly the epigrams of poets
"A captain bold of Halifax, who lived in country who lived in, or shortly before, the time of Philip.
quarters,
These poets were the following: Antipater of
Seduced a maid who hung herself one morning Thessalonica, Crinagoras, Antiphilus, Tullius, Phi-
in her garters," &c.
lodemus, Parmenion, Antiphanes, Automedon
## p. 293 (#309) ############################################
PHILISCUS.
293
ܐܢܐ ܠܐ
Hea
est Guar
14l,
והה-35
Chiara
of Puig
le;
PHILIPPUS.
Zonas, Bianor, Antigonus, Diodorus, Evenus, and He is also mentioned by Galen, De Febr. Diffet.
some others whose names he does not mention. ii. 6, vol. vii. p. 347, De Plenit. c. 4, vol. vii. p.
The earliest of these poets seems to be Philodemus, 530. It is uncertain whether the Philippus of
the contemporary of Cicero, and the latest Auto- Macedonia, one of whose antidotes is quoted by
medon, who probably flourished under Nerva. Galen (De Antid. ii. 8, vol. xiv. p. 149), is the
llence it is inferred that Philip flourished in the same person.
time of Trajan. Various allusions in his own A sophist of this name is said by Aëtius (i. 4.
epigrams prove that he lived after the time of Au- 96, p. 186) to have promised immortality to those
gustus. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. pp. 934— persons who would engage to follow his directions,
936. )
[P. S. ] but it is not specified that he was a physician;
PHILIPPUS (DIATTOS), the name of several neither is it known whether the father of the cele-
physicians
brated physician, Archigenes, whose name was
1. A native of Acarnania, the friend and phy- Philippus (Suid. s. v. 'Apxiyérns), was himself a
sician of Alexander the Great, of whom a well-member of the medical profession. (W. A. G. ]
known story is told by feveral ancient authors. PHILISCUS (Alokos), a citizen of Abydus,
He was the means of saving the king's life, when who in B. C. 368 was sent into Greece by Ariobar-
he had been seized with a severe attack of fever, zanes, the Persian satrap of the Hellespont, to
brought on by bathing in the cold waters of the effect a reconciliation between the Thebans and
river Cydnus in Cilicia, after being violently heated, Lacedaemonians. He came well supplied with
B. C. 333. Parmenion sent to warn Alexander that money, and in the name of Artaxerxes IJ. ; but in
Philippus had been bribed by Dareius to poison a congress which he caused to be held at Delphi,
him ; the king, however, would not believe the in- he failed to accomplish his object, as the Thebans
formation, nor doubt the fidelity of his physician, refused to abandon their claim to the sovereignty
but, while he drank off the draught prepared for of Boeotia, and Lacedaemon would not acknow-
him, he put into his hands the letter he had just ledge the independence of Messenia. Upon this
received, fixing his eyes at the same time steadily Philiscus, leaving behind him a body of 2000
on his countenance. A well-known modern picture mercenaries for the service of Sparta, and having
represents this incident ; and the king's speedy been honoured, as well as Ariobarzanes, with the
recovery fully justified his confidence in the skill Athenian franchise, returned to Asia. Here, under
and honesty of his physician. (Q. Curt. iii. 6 ; cover of the satrap's protection, he made himself
Valer. Max. iii, 8, in fine ; Plut. Vit. Alex.
