The
appellation
Heros is not a proper
a work on the Nile.
a work on the Nile.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
Perceiving that the protection of the
purple in Africa, sailed to Constantinople to de- eastem frontier, which was threaiened with inva-
throne the tyrant Phocas. Phocas shut her up in sion, required a stronger hand, she married Roma.
a monastery' with the mother of Heraclius; but his nus IV. (Dingenes). Romanus, who was eminent
fall led to their release. She was married on the for his fine figure, strength, and warlike qualities,
day of Heraclius's coronation, and crowned with had, on the death of Constantine XI. , prepared to
him, and, according to Zonaras, received from him seize the throne, but was prevented by Eudocin,
the name of Fabia ; but Cedrenus makes Fabia her who threw him into prison, and exiled him; but,
original name, which is more likely. She had by either for reasons of state, or from affection, soon
Heraclius, according to Zonaras, three children, a recalled him, and raised him to the command of
daughter Epiphania, and two sons, the elder named the army. Her oath not to marry had been given
Heraclius and the younger Constantine. She died in writing, and committed to the custody of the
soon after the birth of the youngest child. Cedre- patriarch of Constantinople; but by a trick she
nus assigns to them only a daughter and one son, recovered it, and, within eight months after her
who was, according to him, called both Heraclius husband's death (A. D. 1068), married Romanus,
and Constantine. He places the death of Eudocia and raised him to be colleague in the empire
in the second year of Heraclius, A. D. 612. (Zona- with herself and her sons. She had hoped to
ras, Annales, vol. iii. pp. 66, 67, ed. Basil, 1557; govern him, but was disappointed, and his asser-
Cedrenus, Compendium, pp. 713—14, ed. Bonn, tion of his own will led to quarrels between them.
1838-9. )
During the captivity of Romanus, Joannes or John
4. Eudocia, danghter of Incer or Inger, and Ducas, brother of the late Constantine, who had
concubine of the emperor Michael III. , by whom been invested with the dignity of Caesar, declared
she was given in marriage (about a. D. 866) Michael Parapinaces sole emperor, and banished
to Basil the Macedonian, afterwards emperor. Eudocia to a convent which she had herself built
She bore Basil a son, afterwards the emperor on the shore of the Propontis. On the death of
Leo the Philosopher, so soon after their marriage, Diogenes, who on his release had fallen into the
that it was said that Michael was the child's hands of Andronicus, the eldest son of Joannes
father, and that she was pregnant at the time of Ducas, and died from the cruel usage he received,
her marriage. Cedrenus speaks of the marriage A. D. 1071 (RomaNUS IV. (DIOGENES)], Eudocia
of Basil with Eudocia, whose noble birth and buried her unhappy husband with great splendour.
beauty he celebrates ; but, far from making her the She appears to have long survived this event.
concubine of Michael, speaks of her as excelling (Zonaras, Annales, vol. iii. pp. 218–226, ed.
in modesty. (Zonaras, Annales, vol. iii. p. 132, Basil, 1557; Michael Glycas, Annales, pars iv.
ed. Basil, 1577 ; Cedrenus, Compendium, vol. ï. p. 606, &c. , ed. Bonn. )
p. 198, ed. Bonn, 1838-9. )
Eudocia compiled a dictionary of history and
5. Eudocia, third wife of the emperor Constan- mythology, which she called 'Iwvid, i. e. Collection
tine V. (Copronymus). She was crowned and re- or bed of Violets. It was printed for the first time
ceived the title of Augusta from her husband in by Villoison, in his Anecdota Graeca, 2 vols. 4to.
the twenty-eighth year of his reign, A. D. 768. Venice, 1781. It is prefaced by an address to her
(Cedreni Compendium, vol. ii. p. 16, ed. Bonn. ) husband Romanus Diogenes, in which she describes
6. Eudocis, third wife of Leo the Philosopher, the work as “ a collection of genealogies of gods,
Bon of Basil the Macedonian and of Eudocia. (No. heroes, and heroines, of their metamorphoses, and
3. ) She died in childbirth soon after, and the of the fables and stories respecting them found in
child died also. She was the daughter, or of the the ancients; containing also notices of various
race of Opsicius. Of the date of her marriage and philosophers. ” The sources from which the work
death we have no account. It was probably near I was compiled are in a great degree the same as
## p. 81 (#97) ##############################################
EUDOXIA.
EUDOXIUS.
81
those used in the Lexicon of Suidas. The sources | Eccles. vi, 18; Cassiodor. Hist. Triparl. 1. 20,
are examined and described by Meineke in his Theophanes, Chronographia ad A. M. 5892, 97,
Observationes in Eudociae Violetum, in the fifth 98, Alex. era; Cedrenus, Compend. vol. i. p. 585,
and sixth volumes of the Bibliothek der alten Lit-ed. Bonn. )
teratur und Kunst, Göttingen, 1789.
2. Daughter of Theodosius II. and of Eudocin,
9. Daughter of Andronicus Comnenus, second born a. D. 422, and betrothed soon after to Valen-
son of the Byzantine emperor Calo-Joannes. She tinian, son of the emperor Honorius, who after-
was married, but to whom is unknown; and after wards was emperor of the West as Valentinian III.
her husband's death lived in concubinage with and to whom she was married at Constantinople in
Andronicus, her cousin, afterwards emperor as A. D. 436 or 437. On the assassination of her
Andronicus I. Her second husband was Michael husband by Maximus (A. D. 455), who usurped
Gabras, to whom she was married. We can give the throne, she was compelled to marry the usurper;
no exact dates of the few incidents known of her but, resenting both the death of her husband and
life. She lived in the middle of the twelfth cen- the violence offered to herself, she instigated Gen-
tury. (Michael Glycas, Manuel Comnenus, Lib. seric, king of the Vandals, who had conquered
jïi. pp. 135, 136, Lib. iv. p. 173, ed. Bonn. ) Africa, to attack Rome. Genseric took the city.
(J. C. M. ] Maximus was slain in the flight, and Eudoxia and
EUDOʻRA (Ejupn), a daughter of Nereus and her daughters, Eudocia and Placidia, were carried
Doris. (Hes. Theog. 244 ; Apollod. i. 2. $ 7. ) There by the Vandal king to Carthage. After being
are two more mythical personages of this name. detained in captivity some years, she was sent
(Hes. Theng. 360 ; Hygin. Fub. 192. ) [L. S. ] with her daughter Placidia and an honourable
EUDOʻŘUS (EŬdwpos), a son of Hermes and attendance to Constantinople. (See Eudocia, No.
Polymele, was brought up by his grandfather Phy- 1, and the authorities subjoined there. ]
las. He was one of the five leaders of the Myrmi- The coins of the empresses Eudocia and Eudoxia
dones under Achilles, who sent him out to accom- are, from the two names being put one for the
pany Patroclus, and to prevent the latter from other, difficult to be assigned to their respective
venturing too far; but Eudorus was slain by persons. (See Eckhel, Doctrina Num. Veterum,
Pyraechmus. (Hom. I. xvi. 179, &c. ; Eustath. vol. viii. p. 170. )
(J. C. M. ]
ad Hom. p. 1697. )
(L. S. ] EUDO'XIUS, commonly cited with the addi-
EUDOʻRUS (Ed. wpos) is mentioned by Alex- tion Heros, was a Graeco-Roman jurist, who
Ander Aphrodisiensis (ad Arist. Metaph. p. 26, flourished shortly before Justinian. Panciroli (de
ed. Paris. 1536, fol. ) as a commentator on Aris- Claris Interpp. Juris, p. 63) places him too early
totle's Metaphysics, in which he is said to have in supposing that he was the Pr. Pr. to whom were
altered several passages. Simplicius likewise speaks addressed the constitution of Theodosius and Va-
of a Peripatetic philosopher of this name, and lentinian of A. D. 427 (Cod. 1. tit. 8. s. 1), and the
relates that he had written on the Aristotelian constitution of Arcadius and Honorius. (Cod. 2.
Categories. We do not know, however, if this be tit. 77. s. 2. ) He is mentioned in Const. Tanta,
the same person. Eudorus, whom Alexander $ 9, as the grandfather of Anatolius, professor of
Aphrodisiensis mentions, was a native of Alexan- law at Berytus, who was one of the compilers of
dria, and had, like Ariston of Alexandria, written the Digest.
The appellation Heros is not a proper
a work on the Nile. (Strab. xvii. p. 790; comp. name, but a title of excellency, and is placed some-
Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 845, vol. üipp. 172, times before, and sometimes after, the name. Thus.
492).
[A. S. ) in Basil. vi. p. 227, we have ó "Hpws Ejdošíos,
EUDOʻRUS, a scene-painter and statuary in and, in Busil. iii. p. 60, Eudóžios Ó'"Hows. We
bronze, of second-rate merit. (Plin. xxxv. 11. find the same title applied to Patricius, Amblichus
8. 40. & 34. )
[P. S. ]
(qu. lamblichus, Basil. iii. p. 256), and Cyrillus
EUDOʻXIA (Eubotla), the name of several | (Basil
. iv. p. 702). Heimbach (Anecdota, i. p.
princesses chiefly of the Eastern or Byzantine em- 202) is inclined to think that, like the expression
pire.
ó parapítos, it was used by the Graeco-Roman
1. The daughter of the Frank Bauto, married jurists of and after the age of Justinian as a desig-
to the emperor Arcadius, A. D. 395, by whom she nation of honour in speaking of their predecessors
had four daughters, Flacilla or Flaccilla or Fals who had died within their memory.
cilla, Pulcheria, Arcadia, and Marina, and one Eudoxius was probably acquainted with the
son, Theodosius II. or the younger. She was a original writings of the classical jurists, for from
woman of high spirit, and exercised great influence Basil. ii. p. 454 (ed. Heimbach) it appears that
over her husband : to her persuasion his giving up he quoted Ulpian's treatise De Officio Proconsulis
.
of the eunuch Eutropius into the power of his From the citations of Eudoxius in the Basilica, he
enemies may be ascribed. She was involved in a appears to have written upon the constitutions of
fierce contest with Chrysostom, who fearlessly in- emperors earlier than Justinian, and thence Reiz
veighed against the avarice and luxury of the (ad Theophilum, pp. 1234—1246) infers that he
court, and scrupled not to attack the empress commented upon the Gregorian, Hermogenian, and
herself
. The particulars of the struggle are given Theodosian codes, from which those constitutions
elsewhere. (CHRYSOSTOM U'S, JOANNES. )
She were transferred into the Code of Justinian. It is
died of a miscarriage in the sixth consulship of probably to the commentaries of Eudoxius, Leon-
Honorius, A. D. 404, or, according to Theophanes, tius, and Patricius on the three earlier codes that
A. D. 406. The date of her death is carefully dis- Justinian (Const. Tanta, $ 9) alludes, when he
cussed by Tillemont. (Histoire des Empereurs, says of them “optimam sui memoriam in Legibus
vol. v. p. 785. ) Cedrenus narrates some curious reliquerunt," for the imperatorial constitutions were
particulars of her death, but their credibility is very often called Leges, as distinguished from the Jus
doubtful. (Philostorgius, Hist. Eccles. apud Pho- of the jurists.
tium ; Marcellinus, Chronicon; Socrates, Hist. In Basil. ii. p. 644, Thalelaeus, who survived
VOL. II.
## p. 82 (#98) ##############################################
82
EUDOXUS.
EUDOXUS.
a
Justinian, classes Eudoxius among the older mean time taught philosophy in Cyzicum and the
teachers, and cites his exposition of a constitution Propontis : he chose Athens, Laërtius says, for the
of Severus and Antoninus of A. D. 199, which purpose of vexing Plato, at one of whose symposia
appears in Cod. 2. tit. 12. 6. 4. Again, in Basil. he introduced the fashion of the guests reclining in
i. pp. 810, 811, is cited his exposition of a consti- a semicircle ; and Nicomachus (he adds), the son
tution of Diocletian and Maximinian, of A. D. 193, of Aristotle, reports him to have said that pleasure
which appears in Cod. 2. tit. 4. s. 18, with the was a good. So much for Laërtius, who also refers
interpolated words exceplo adulterio. In both these to some decree which was made in honour of Eu-
passages, the opinion of Heros Patricius is pre- doxus, names his son and daughters, states him to
ferred to that of Eudoxius, In like manner, it have written good works on astronomy and geo-
appears from the scholiast in the fifth volume of metry, and mentions the curious way in which the
Meerman's Thesaurus (JCtorum Graecorum Com- bull Apis told his fortune when he was in Egypt.
mentarii, p. 56; Basil. , ed. Heimbach, i. p. 403) Eudoxus died at the age of fifty-three. Phanocritus
that Domninus, Demosthenes, and Eudoxius, dif- wrote a work upon Eudoxus (Athen. vii. p. 276, f. ),
fered from Patricius in their construction of a cone which is lost
stitution of the emperor Alexander, of A. D. 224, The fragmentary notices of Eudoxus are numerous.
and that that constitution was altered by the com- Strabo mentions him frequently, and states (ii. p.
pilers of Justinian's code in conformity with the 119, xvii. p. 806) that the observatory of Eudoxus
opinion of Patricius. Eudoxius is cited by Patri- at Cnidus was existing in his time, from which he
cius ( Basil. iii. p. 61) on a constitution of A. D. was accustomed to observe the star Canopus.
293 (Cod. 4. tit. 19. 8. 9), and is cited by Theo- Strabo also says that he remained thirteen years
dorus (Basil, vi. p. 227) on a constitution of A. D. in Egypt, and attributes to him the introduction of
290. (Cod. 8. tit. 55. s. 3. ) In the latter passage the odd quarter of a day into the value of the year.
Theodorus, who was a contemporary of Justinian, Pliny (H. N. ii. 47) seems to refer to the same
calls Eudoxius his teacher. Whether this expres- thing. Seneca (Qu. Nat. vii. 3) states him to have
sion is to be taken literally may be doubted, as first brought the motions of the planets (a theory
Theodorus also calls Domninus, Patricius, and on this subject) from Egypt into Greece. Aristotle
Stephanus (Basil. ii. p. 580) his teachers. (Zacha- (Metaph. xii. 8) states him to have made separate
riae, Anecdota, p. xlviii. ; Zimmern, R. R. G. i spheres for the stars, sun, moon, and planets.
ا 106, 109. )
Archimedes (in Arenar. ) says he made the dia-
The untrustworthy Nic. Comnenus Papadopoli meter of the sun nine times as great as that of the
(Praenot. Mystag. pp. 345, 402) mentions a Eu- moon. Vitruvius (ix. 9) attributes to him the in-
doxius, Nomicus, Judex veli, and cites his Synop vention of a solar dial, called åpáxin: and so on.
sis Legum, and his scholia on the Novells of But all we positively know of Eudoxus is from
Alexius Comnenus.
(J. T. G. ] the poem of Aratus and the commentary of Hip-
EUDOʻXIUS, a physician, called by Prosper parchus upon it. From this commentary we learn
Aquitanus a man "pravi sed exercitati ingenii," that Aratus was not himself an observer, but was
who in the time of the emperor Theodosius the the versifier of the Þavóuera of Eudoxus, of which
Younger, A. D. 432, deserted to the Huns. (Chro Hipparchus has preserved fragments for comparison
nicom Pithoean. in Labbe, Nova Biblioth. MSS. with the version by Aratus. The result is, that
Libror. vol. i. p. 59. )
[W. A. G. ) though there were by no means so many nor so
EUDOXUS (EŬdo&os) of Cnidus, the son of great errors in Eudorus as in Aratus, yet the opi-
Aeschines, lived about B. C. 366.
purple in Africa, sailed to Constantinople to de- eastem frontier, which was threaiened with inva-
throne the tyrant Phocas. Phocas shut her up in sion, required a stronger hand, she married Roma.
a monastery' with the mother of Heraclius; but his nus IV. (Dingenes). Romanus, who was eminent
fall led to their release. She was married on the for his fine figure, strength, and warlike qualities,
day of Heraclius's coronation, and crowned with had, on the death of Constantine XI. , prepared to
him, and, according to Zonaras, received from him seize the throne, but was prevented by Eudocin,
the name of Fabia ; but Cedrenus makes Fabia her who threw him into prison, and exiled him; but,
original name, which is more likely. She had by either for reasons of state, or from affection, soon
Heraclius, according to Zonaras, three children, a recalled him, and raised him to the command of
daughter Epiphania, and two sons, the elder named the army. Her oath not to marry had been given
Heraclius and the younger Constantine. She died in writing, and committed to the custody of the
soon after the birth of the youngest child. Cedre- patriarch of Constantinople; but by a trick she
nus assigns to them only a daughter and one son, recovered it, and, within eight months after her
who was, according to him, called both Heraclius husband's death (A. D. 1068), married Romanus,
and Constantine. He places the death of Eudocia and raised him to be colleague in the empire
in the second year of Heraclius, A. D. 612. (Zona- with herself and her sons. She had hoped to
ras, Annales, vol. iii. pp. 66, 67, ed. Basil, 1557; govern him, but was disappointed, and his asser-
Cedrenus, Compendium, pp. 713—14, ed. Bonn, tion of his own will led to quarrels between them.
1838-9. )
During the captivity of Romanus, Joannes or John
4. Eudocia, danghter of Incer or Inger, and Ducas, brother of the late Constantine, who had
concubine of the emperor Michael III. , by whom been invested with the dignity of Caesar, declared
she was given in marriage (about a. D. 866) Michael Parapinaces sole emperor, and banished
to Basil the Macedonian, afterwards emperor. Eudocia to a convent which she had herself built
She bore Basil a son, afterwards the emperor on the shore of the Propontis. On the death of
Leo the Philosopher, so soon after their marriage, Diogenes, who on his release had fallen into the
that it was said that Michael was the child's hands of Andronicus, the eldest son of Joannes
father, and that she was pregnant at the time of Ducas, and died from the cruel usage he received,
her marriage. Cedrenus speaks of the marriage A. D. 1071 (RomaNUS IV. (DIOGENES)], Eudocia
of Basil with Eudocia, whose noble birth and buried her unhappy husband with great splendour.
beauty he celebrates ; but, far from making her the She appears to have long survived this event.
concubine of Michael, speaks of her as excelling (Zonaras, Annales, vol. iii. pp. 218–226, ed.
in modesty. (Zonaras, Annales, vol. iii. p. 132, Basil, 1557; Michael Glycas, Annales, pars iv.
ed. Basil, 1577 ; Cedrenus, Compendium, vol. ï. p. 606, &c. , ed. Bonn. )
p. 198, ed. Bonn, 1838-9. )
Eudocia compiled a dictionary of history and
5. Eudocia, third wife of the emperor Constan- mythology, which she called 'Iwvid, i. e. Collection
tine V. (Copronymus). She was crowned and re- or bed of Violets. It was printed for the first time
ceived the title of Augusta from her husband in by Villoison, in his Anecdota Graeca, 2 vols. 4to.
the twenty-eighth year of his reign, A. D. 768. Venice, 1781. It is prefaced by an address to her
(Cedreni Compendium, vol. ii. p. 16, ed. Bonn. ) husband Romanus Diogenes, in which she describes
6. Eudocis, third wife of Leo the Philosopher, the work as “ a collection of genealogies of gods,
Bon of Basil the Macedonian and of Eudocia. (No. heroes, and heroines, of their metamorphoses, and
3. ) She died in childbirth soon after, and the of the fables and stories respecting them found in
child died also. She was the daughter, or of the the ancients; containing also notices of various
race of Opsicius. Of the date of her marriage and philosophers. ” The sources from which the work
death we have no account. It was probably near I was compiled are in a great degree the same as
## p. 81 (#97) ##############################################
EUDOXIA.
EUDOXIUS.
81
those used in the Lexicon of Suidas. The sources | Eccles. vi, 18; Cassiodor. Hist. Triparl. 1. 20,
are examined and described by Meineke in his Theophanes, Chronographia ad A. M. 5892, 97,
Observationes in Eudociae Violetum, in the fifth 98, Alex. era; Cedrenus, Compend. vol. i. p. 585,
and sixth volumes of the Bibliothek der alten Lit-ed. Bonn. )
teratur und Kunst, Göttingen, 1789.
2. Daughter of Theodosius II. and of Eudocin,
9. Daughter of Andronicus Comnenus, second born a. D. 422, and betrothed soon after to Valen-
son of the Byzantine emperor Calo-Joannes. She tinian, son of the emperor Honorius, who after-
was married, but to whom is unknown; and after wards was emperor of the West as Valentinian III.
her husband's death lived in concubinage with and to whom she was married at Constantinople in
Andronicus, her cousin, afterwards emperor as A. D. 436 or 437. On the assassination of her
Andronicus I. Her second husband was Michael husband by Maximus (A. D. 455), who usurped
Gabras, to whom she was married. We can give the throne, she was compelled to marry the usurper;
no exact dates of the few incidents known of her but, resenting both the death of her husband and
life. She lived in the middle of the twelfth cen- the violence offered to herself, she instigated Gen-
tury. (Michael Glycas, Manuel Comnenus, Lib. seric, king of the Vandals, who had conquered
jïi. pp. 135, 136, Lib. iv. p. 173, ed. Bonn. ) Africa, to attack Rome. Genseric took the city.
(J. C. M. ] Maximus was slain in the flight, and Eudoxia and
EUDOʻRA (Ejupn), a daughter of Nereus and her daughters, Eudocia and Placidia, were carried
Doris. (Hes. Theog. 244 ; Apollod. i. 2. $ 7. ) There by the Vandal king to Carthage. After being
are two more mythical personages of this name. detained in captivity some years, she was sent
(Hes. Theng. 360 ; Hygin. Fub. 192. ) [L. S. ] with her daughter Placidia and an honourable
EUDOʻŘUS (EŬdwpos), a son of Hermes and attendance to Constantinople. (See Eudocia, No.
Polymele, was brought up by his grandfather Phy- 1, and the authorities subjoined there. ]
las. He was one of the five leaders of the Myrmi- The coins of the empresses Eudocia and Eudoxia
dones under Achilles, who sent him out to accom- are, from the two names being put one for the
pany Patroclus, and to prevent the latter from other, difficult to be assigned to their respective
venturing too far; but Eudorus was slain by persons. (See Eckhel, Doctrina Num. Veterum,
Pyraechmus. (Hom. I. xvi. 179, &c. ; Eustath. vol. viii. p. 170. )
(J. C. M. ]
ad Hom. p. 1697. )
(L. S. ] EUDO'XIUS, commonly cited with the addi-
EUDOʻRUS (Ed. wpos) is mentioned by Alex- tion Heros, was a Graeco-Roman jurist, who
Ander Aphrodisiensis (ad Arist. Metaph. p. 26, flourished shortly before Justinian. Panciroli (de
ed. Paris. 1536, fol. ) as a commentator on Aris- Claris Interpp. Juris, p. 63) places him too early
totle's Metaphysics, in which he is said to have in supposing that he was the Pr. Pr. to whom were
altered several passages. Simplicius likewise speaks addressed the constitution of Theodosius and Va-
of a Peripatetic philosopher of this name, and lentinian of A. D. 427 (Cod. 1. tit. 8. s. 1), and the
relates that he had written on the Aristotelian constitution of Arcadius and Honorius. (Cod. 2.
Categories. We do not know, however, if this be tit. 77. s. 2. ) He is mentioned in Const. Tanta,
the same person. Eudorus, whom Alexander $ 9, as the grandfather of Anatolius, professor of
Aphrodisiensis mentions, was a native of Alexan- law at Berytus, who was one of the compilers of
dria, and had, like Ariston of Alexandria, written the Digest.
The appellation Heros is not a proper
a work on the Nile. (Strab. xvii. p. 790; comp. name, but a title of excellency, and is placed some-
Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. p. 845, vol. üipp. 172, times before, and sometimes after, the name. Thus.
492).
[A. S. ) in Basil. vi. p. 227, we have ó "Hpws Ejdošíos,
EUDOʻRUS, a scene-painter and statuary in and, in Busil. iii. p. 60, Eudóžios Ó'"Hows. We
bronze, of second-rate merit. (Plin. xxxv. 11. find the same title applied to Patricius, Amblichus
8. 40. & 34. )
[P. S. ]
(qu. lamblichus, Basil. iii. p. 256), and Cyrillus
EUDOʻXIA (Eubotla), the name of several | (Basil
. iv. p. 702). Heimbach (Anecdota, i. p.
princesses chiefly of the Eastern or Byzantine em- 202) is inclined to think that, like the expression
pire.
ó parapítos, it was used by the Graeco-Roman
1. The daughter of the Frank Bauto, married jurists of and after the age of Justinian as a desig-
to the emperor Arcadius, A. D. 395, by whom she nation of honour in speaking of their predecessors
had four daughters, Flacilla or Flaccilla or Fals who had died within their memory.
cilla, Pulcheria, Arcadia, and Marina, and one Eudoxius was probably acquainted with the
son, Theodosius II. or the younger. She was a original writings of the classical jurists, for from
woman of high spirit, and exercised great influence Basil. ii. p. 454 (ed. Heimbach) it appears that
over her husband : to her persuasion his giving up he quoted Ulpian's treatise De Officio Proconsulis
.
of the eunuch Eutropius into the power of his From the citations of Eudoxius in the Basilica, he
enemies may be ascribed. She was involved in a appears to have written upon the constitutions of
fierce contest with Chrysostom, who fearlessly in- emperors earlier than Justinian, and thence Reiz
veighed against the avarice and luxury of the (ad Theophilum, pp. 1234—1246) infers that he
court, and scrupled not to attack the empress commented upon the Gregorian, Hermogenian, and
herself
. The particulars of the struggle are given Theodosian codes, from which those constitutions
elsewhere. (CHRYSOSTOM U'S, JOANNES. )
She were transferred into the Code of Justinian. It is
died of a miscarriage in the sixth consulship of probably to the commentaries of Eudoxius, Leon-
Honorius, A. D. 404, or, according to Theophanes, tius, and Patricius on the three earlier codes that
A. D. 406. The date of her death is carefully dis- Justinian (Const. Tanta, $ 9) alludes, when he
cussed by Tillemont. (Histoire des Empereurs, says of them “optimam sui memoriam in Legibus
vol. v. p. 785. ) Cedrenus narrates some curious reliquerunt," for the imperatorial constitutions were
particulars of her death, but their credibility is very often called Leges, as distinguished from the Jus
doubtful. (Philostorgius, Hist. Eccles. apud Pho- of the jurists.
tium ; Marcellinus, Chronicon; Socrates, Hist. In Basil. ii. p. 644, Thalelaeus, who survived
VOL. II.
## p. 82 (#98) ##############################################
82
EUDOXUS.
EUDOXUS.
a
Justinian, classes Eudoxius among the older mean time taught philosophy in Cyzicum and the
teachers, and cites his exposition of a constitution Propontis : he chose Athens, Laërtius says, for the
of Severus and Antoninus of A. D. 199, which purpose of vexing Plato, at one of whose symposia
appears in Cod. 2. tit. 12. 6. 4. Again, in Basil. he introduced the fashion of the guests reclining in
i. pp. 810, 811, is cited his exposition of a consti- a semicircle ; and Nicomachus (he adds), the son
tution of Diocletian and Maximinian, of A. D. 193, of Aristotle, reports him to have said that pleasure
which appears in Cod. 2. tit. 4. s. 18, with the was a good. So much for Laërtius, who also refers
interpolated words exceplo adulterio. In both these to some decree which was made in honour of Eu-
passages, the opinion of Heros Patricius is pre- doxus, names his son and daughters, states him to
ferred to that of Eudoxius, In like manner, it have written good works on astronomy and geo-
appears from the scholiast in the fifth volume of metry, and mentions the curious way in which the
Meerman's Thesaurus (JCtorum Graecorum Com- bull Apis told his fortune when he was in Egypt.
mentarii, p. 56; Basil. , ed. Heimbach, i. p. 403) Eudoxus died at the age of fifty-three. Phanocritus
that Domninus, Demosthenes, and Eudoxius, dif- wrote a work upon Eudoxus (Athen. vii. p. 276, f. ),
fered from Patricius in their construction of a cone which is lost
stitution of the emperor Alexander, of A. D. 224, The fragmentary notices of Eudoxus are numerous.
and that that constitution was altered by the com- Strabo mentions him frequently, and states (ii. p.
pilers of Justinian's code in conformity with the 119, xvii. p. 806) that the observatory of Eudoxus
opinion of Patricius. Eudoxius is cited by Patri- at Cnidus was existing in his time, from which he
cius ( Basil. iii. p. 61) on a constitution of A. D. was accustomed to observe the star Canopus.
293 (Cod. 4. tit. 19. 8. 9), and is cited by Theo- Strabo also says that he remained thirteen years
dorus (Basil, vi. p. 227) on a constitution of A. D. in Egypt, and attributes to him the introduction of
290. (Cod. 8. tit. 55. s. 3. ) In the latter passage the odd quarter of a day into the value of the year.
Theodorus, who was a contemporary of Justinian, Pliny (H. N. ii. 47) seems to refer to the same
calls Eudoxius his teacher. Whether this expres- thing. Seneca (Qu. Nat. vii. 3) states him to have
sion is to be taken literally may be doubted, as first brought the motions of the planets (a theory
Theodorus also calls Domninus, Patricius, and on this subject) from Egypt into Greece. Aristotle
Stephanus (Basil. ii. p. 580) his teachers. (Zacha- (Metaph. xii. 8) states him to have made separate
riae, Anecdota, p. xlviii. ; Zimmern, R. R. G. i spheres for the stars, sun, moon, and planets.
ا 106, 109. )
Archimedes (in Arenar. ) says he made the dia-
The untrustworthy Nic. Comnenus Papadopoli meter of the sun nine times as great as that of the
(Praenot. Mystag. pp. 345, 402) mentions a Eu- moon. Vitruvius (ix. 9) attributes to him the in-
doxius, Nomicus, Judex veli, and cites his Synop vention of a solar dial, called åpáxin: and so on.
sis Legum, and his scholia on the Novells of But all we positively know of Eudoxus is from
Alexius Comnenus.
(J. T. G. ] the poem of Aratus and the commentary of Hip-
EUDOʻXIUS, a physician, called by Prosper parchus upon it. From this commentary we learn
Aquitanus a man "pravi sed exercitati ingenii," that Aratus was not himself an observer, but was
who in the time of the emperor Theodosius the the versifier of the Þavóuera of Eudoxus, of which
Younger, A. D. 432, deserted to the Huns. (Chro Hipparchus has preserved fragments for comparison
nicom Pithoean. in Labbe, Nova Biblioth. MSS. with the version by Aratus. The result is, that
Libror. vol. i. p. 59. )
[W. A. G. ) though there were by no means so many nor so
EUDOXUS (EŬdo&os) of Cnidus, the son of great errors in Eudorus as in Aratus, yet the opi-
Aeschines, lived about B. C. 366.
