240;
Blomfield
in the Classical Journal, iv.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
) He seems to be the same her to Lydia; but she appears to have died soon
p
as the Antilogus mentioned by Dionysius of Hali- after, and the poet returned to Colopbon and
carnassus. (De Comp. Verl. 4; comp. Anonym. sought consolation in the composition of an elegy
Descript. Olymp. xlix. ) Theodoret (Therap. viii. called Lyde, which was very celebrated in an-
p. 908) quotes an Antilochus as his authority for ! liquity: (Athen. xiii. p. 598; Brunck, Analect. i.
placing ihe tomb of Cecrops on the acropolis of p. 219. ) This elegy, which was very long, con-
Athens, but as Clemens of Alexandria (Protrept. sisted of accounts of the misfortunes of all the
p. 13) and Arnobius (adr. Gent. vi. 6) refer for mythical heroes who, like the poet, had become
ine saine fact to a writer of the name of Antiochus, unfortunate through the early death of their be-
there may possibly be an error in Theodoret. [L S. ) loved. (Plut. Consol. ad Apollon. p. 106, b. ) It
ANTINA'CHIDES, architect. [ANTISTATES) | thus contained vast stores of mythical and anti-
ANTI'MACHUS ('Avziua xos), a Troji, wio, quarian information, and it was chiefly for this and
that name.
funeral pyre.
## p. 191 (#211) ############################################
ANTIMACHUS.
191
ANTINOUS.
not for any higher or poetical rcason, that Agathar- hexameter verses. Tzetzes (ad Lycophr. 24. 5)
chides made an abridgment of it. (Phot. Bill. quotes three lines from Antimachus, but whether
p. 171, ed. Bekker. )
they belong to Antimachus of Heliopolis, or to
The principal work of Antimachus was his epic either of the two other poets of the same name,
poem called Thebais (onbais), which Cicero desig- cannot be ascertained. (Düntzer, Fragm. der
nates as magnum illud volumen. Porphyrius (ad Episch. Pocs. ron Alerund. , &c. p. 97. ) [L. S. )
Horat. ad Pison. 146) says, that Antimachus had ANTI'MACHUS, a sculptor, celebrated for his
spun out his poem so much, that in the 24th book statues of ladies. (Plin. xxxiv. 19. & 26. ) [P. S. ]
(volumen) his Seven Heroes had not yet arrived at ANTIME'NIDAS. (ALCAEUS. ]
Thebes. Now as in the remaining part of the ANTIMOERUS ('Avripospos), a sophist, was
work the poet had not only to describe the war of a native of Mende in Thrace, and is mentioned
the Seven, but also probably treated of the war of with praise among the disciples of Protagoras.
the Epigoni (Schol. ad Aristoph. Pax. 1268), the (Plat. Protag. p. 315, a. ; Themist. Orat. xxix.
length of the poem must have been immense. It p. 347, d. )
[L. S. ]
was, like the clegy Lyde, full of mythological lore, ANTI'NOE ('Avrión), a daughter of Cepheus.
and all that had any connexion with the subject of At the command of an oracle she led the inhabit-
the poem was incorporated in it. It was, of course, ants of Mantineia from the spot where the old
difficult to control such a mass, and hence we find town stood, to a place where the new town was
it stated by Quintilian (x. 1. $ 53; comp. Dionys. to be founded. She was guided on her way by a
Hal. De rer. Compos. 22), that Antimachus was serpent. She had a monument at Mantineia com-
unsuccessful in his descriptions of passion, that his memorating this event. (Paus. viii. 8. § 3, 9.
works were not graceful, and were deficient in $ 2. ) In the latter of these passages she is called
arrangement. His style also had not the simple Antonoe. Two other mythical personages of this
and easy flow of the Homeric poems. He bor-name occur in Schol. ad Apollón. Riwd. i. 164;
rowed expressions and phrases from the tragic Paus. vii. 11. & 2.
(L. S. )
writers, and frequently introduced Doric forms. ANTI'NOUS ('Artivovs), a son of Eupeithes of
(Schol. ad Nicund. Theriac. 3. ) Antimachus was Ithaca, and one of the suitors of Penelope, who
thus one of the forerunners of the poets of the during the absence of Odysseus even attempted to
Alexandrine school, who wrote more for the learned make himself master of the kingdom and threaten-
and a select number of readers than for the public ed the life of Telemachus. (Hom. Od. xxii. 48, &c. ,
at large. The Alexandrine grammarians assigned iv. 630, &c. , xvi. 371. ) When Odysseus after his
to him the second place among the epic poets, and return appeared in the disguise of a beggar, Anti-
the emperor Hadrian preferred his works even to nous insulted him and threw a foot-stool at him.
those of Homer. (Dion. Cass. lxix. 4; Spartian. (Od. xviii. 42, &c. ). On this account he was the
Hadrian. 5. ) There are some other works which first of the suitors who fell by the hands of Odys-
are ascribed to Antimachus, such as a work en- seus. (xxii. 8, &c. )
(L. S. ]
titled 'Αρτεμις (Steph. Byz. 5. τ. Κοτύλαιον), a ANTI'NOUS ('Avtívous), a chief among the
second called Abira (Athen. vii. p. 300), a third Molossians in Epeirus, who became involved,
called 'laxl» (Etymol. M. s. v. 'Abontwp), and against his own will, in the war of Perseus, king
perhaps also a Centauromachia (Natal. Com. vii. of Macedonia, against the Romans. His family
4); but as in all these cases Antimachus is and that of another chief, Cephalus, were connect-
mentioned without any descriptive epithet, it can. ed with the royal house of Macedonia by friend-
not be ascertained whether he is the Clarian ship, and although he was convinced that the war
poet, for there are two other poets of the same against Rome would be ruinous to Macedonia and
Suidas says that Antimachus of Claros was therefore had no intention of joining Perseus, yet
also a grammarian, and there is a tradition that he Charops, a young Epeirot, who had been educated
made a recension of the text of the Homeric poems; at Rome and wished to insinuate himself into the
but respecting these points see F. A. Wolf, Pro favour of the Romans, calumniated Antinous and
legom. pp. clxxvii. and clxxxi. , &c. The numerous Cephalus as if they entertained a secret hostility
fragments of Antimachus have been collected by towards Rome. Antinous and his friends at first
C. A. G. Schellenberg, Halle, 1786, 8vo. Some treated the machinations of Charops with contempt,
additional fragments are contained in H. G. Stoll, but when they perceived that some of their friends
Animadv. in Antimachi Fragm. Götting. 1841. were arrested and conveyed to Rome, Antinous
Those belonging to the Thebais are collected in and Cephalus were compelled, for the sake of their
Düntzer's Die Fragm. der Episch. Pocs. der Griech. own safety, openly, though unwillingly, to join the
his auf Alexand. p. 99, &c. , comp. with Nachtrag, Macedonian party, and the Molossians followed
p. 38, &c. See N. Bach, Philetae, Hermesianactis, their example. After the outbreak of the war
&c. reliquiae, gic. Epimetrum de Antimachi Lyda, Antinous fell fighting, B. c. 168. Polybius does
p.
240; Blomfield in the Classical Journal, iv. p. not state clearly whether Antinous fell in battle, or
23) ; Welcker, Der Epische Cyclus, p. 102, &c. whether he put an end to his own life in despair.
2. Of Teus, an epic poet. Plutarch (Romul. (Polyb. xxvii. 13, xxx. 7. )
(L. S. )
12) states, that he was said to have known some- ANTI'NOUS, a youth, probably of low origin,
thing about the eclipse which occurred on the day born at Bithynium or Claudiopolis in Bithynia.
of the foundation of Rome. Clemens Alexandrinus On account of his extraordinary beauty he was
(Strom. vi. p. 622, c. ) quotes an hexameter verse taken by the emperor Hadrian to be his page, and
from him, which Agias is said to have imitated. soon became the object of his extravagant affection.
If this statement is correct, Antimachus would Hadrian took him with him on all his journeys.
belong to an early period of Greek literature. It was in the course of one of these that he was
3. Of HELIOPolis in Egypt, is said by Suidas drowned in the Nile. It is uncertain whether his
to have written a poem called Koomoroita, that is, death was accidental, or whether he threw hims») f
on the creation of the universe, consisting of 3780 into the river, either from disgust at the life be let,
name.
## p. 192 (#212) ############################################
192
ANTIOCHUS.
ANTIOCHUS.
or from a superstitious belief that by so doing he during the reign of Severus and Caracalla le
should avert some calamity from the emperor. belonged to a distinguished family, some members
Dion Cassius favours the latter supposition. The of which were afterwards raised to the consulship
grief of the emperor knew no bounds. He strove at Rome. He took no part in the political affairs of
to perpetuate the memory of his favourite by his native place, but with his large property, which
monuments of all kinds. He rebuilt the city of was increased by the liberality of the emperors, he
Besa in the Thebais, near which Antinous was was enabled to support and relieve his fellow-
drowned, and gave it the name of Antinoopolis. citizens whenever it was needed. He used to
He enrolled Antinous amongst the gods, caused spend his nights in the temple of Asclepius, partly
temples to be erected to him in Egypt and Greece on account of the dreams and the communications
(at Mantineia), and statues of him to be set up in with the god in them, and partly on account of the
almost every part of the world. In one of the conversation of other persons who likewise spent
sanctuaries dedicated to him oracles were delivered their nights there without being able to sleep.
in his name. Games were also celebrated in his During the war of Caracalla against the Parthians
honour. (Dict. of Ant. s. v. ’Avtovóeia. ) A star be- he was at first of some service to the Roman anny
tween the eagle and the zodiac, which the courtiers by his Cynic mode of life, but afterwards he de
of the emperor pretended had then first made its serted to the Parthians together with Tiridates.
appearance, and was the soul of Antinous, received Antiochus was one of the most distinguished
his name, which it still bears. A large number of rhetoricians of his time. He was a pupil of Dar-
works of art of all kinds were executed in his danus, the Assyrian, and Dionysius, the Milesian.
honour, and many of them are still extant They He used to speak extempore, and his declamations
have been diffusely described and classified by and orations were distinguished for their pathos,
Konrad Levezow in his treatise Ueber den An- their richness in thought, and the precision of their
tinous dargestellt in den Kunstdenkmälern des style, which had nothing of the pomp and bombast
Alterthums. The death of Antinous, which took of other rhetoricians. But he also acquired some
place probably in A. D. 122, seems to have formed reputation as a writer. Philostratus mentions an
an era in the history of ancient art. (Dion Cass. historical work of his (iotopla) which is praised for
lxix. 11; Spartian. Hadrian. 14; Paus. viii. 9. the elegance of its style, but wbat was the subject
§ 4. )
[C. P. M. ] of this history is unknown. Phrynichus (p. 32)
There were various medals struck in honour of refers to a work of his called 'Ayopá. (Philostr.
Antinous in the Greek cities, but none at Rome or Vit. Soph. ii. 4. 5. $ 4; Dion Cass. lxxvii. 19;
in any of the Roman colonies. In the one an. Suidas, s. r. ; Eudoc. p. 58. )
[L. S. ]
nexed, which was struck at Bithynium, the birth- ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrioxos), of ALEXANDRIA,
place of Hadrian, the inscription is H NATPIS wrote a work on the Greek poets of the middle
ANTINOON OEON, that is, “ His native country Attic comedy. (Athen. xi. p. 282. ) Fabricius
(reverences) the god Antinous. ” The inscription thinks that he is
, perhaps, the same man as the
on the reverse is nearly effaced on the medal from mythographer Antiochus, who wrote a work on
which the drawing was made: it was originally mythical traditions arranged according to the places
AAPIANON BIOTNIENN. On it Mercury is re- where they were current. (Ptolem. Hephaest. v.
presented with a bull by his side, which probably 9; Phot. Cod. 190. ) Some writers are inclined to
has reference to Apis. (Eckhel, vi. p. 528, &c. ) consider the mythographer as the same with
Antiochus of Aegae or Antiochus of Syracuse ; but
nothing certain can be said about the matter. (L. S. ]
ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrloxos), an ARCADIAN, was
the enroy sent by his state to the Persian court in
B. C. 367, when embassies went to Susa from most
of the Grecian states. The Arcadians, probably
through the influence of Pelopidas, the Theban
ambassador, were treated as of less importance
than the Eleans—an affront which Antiochus re-
sented by refusing the presents of the king. (Xen.
Hell. vii. 1. $ 33, &c. ) Xenophon says, that An-
ANTIOCHIS ('Artioxis). 1. A sister of tiochus had conquered in the pancratium; and
Antiochus the Great, married to Xerxes, king of Pausanias informs us (vi. 3. & 4), that Antiochus,
Armosata, a city between the Euphrates and the the pancratiast, was a native of Lepreum, and that
Tigris. (Polyb. viii. 25. )
he conquered in this contest once in the Olympic
2. A daughter of Antiochus the Great, married games, twice in the Nemean, and twice in the
to Ariarathes, king of Cappadocia, bore to her hus- Isthmian. His statue was made by Nicodamus.
band two daughters and a son named Mithridates. Lepreum was claimed by the Arcadians as one of
(Diod. xxxi. Ecl
. 3; Appian, Syr. 5. )
their towns, whence Xenophon calls Antiochus an
3. A daughter of Achaeus, married to Attalus, Arcadian ; but it is more usually reckoned as be-
and the mother of Attalus I. , king of Pergamus. longing to Elis.
(Strab. xiii. p. 624. )
ANTIOCHUS ('Avrloxos), of ASCALON, the
ANTI’OCHUS ('Artióxos). There are three founder, as he is called, of the fifth Academy, was
mythical personages of this name, concerning whom a friend of Lucullus the antagonist of Mithridates,
nothing of any interest is related. (Diod. ir. 37; and the teacher of Cicero during his studies at
Paus. i. 5. $ 2, x. 10. § 1; Apollod. ii. 4. & 5, &c. ; Athens (E. c. 79); but he had a school at Alexan-
Hygin. Fab. 170. )
(L. S. ] dria also, as well as in Syria, where he seems to
ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrloxos), of Aegae in Cili- have ended his life. (Plut. Cic. c. 4, Lucull. c. 42:
cia, a sophist, or as he himself pretended to be, á Cic. Acad. ii. 19. ) He was a philosopher of con-
Cynic philosopher. He flourished about A. D. 200, siderable reputation in his time, for Strabo in de-
员
WTI NOON
TriAdDO JADE
SH
NO3
## p. 193 (#213) ############################################
ANTIOCHUS.
193
ANTIOCHUS.
scribing Ascalon, mentions his birth there as a utter fallaciousness brought against them by the
mark of distinction for the city (Strab. xiv. p. 759), Academics. (12. 32. )
and Cicero frequently speaks of him in affectionate It is cvident that in such discussions the same
and respectful terms as the best and wisest of the questions were examined which had formerly bein
Academics, and the most polished and acute philo more thoroughly sifted by Plato and Aristotle, in
sopher of his age. (Cic. Acud. ü. 35, Brut. 91. ) analyzing the nature of science and treating of the
He studied under the stoic Mnesarchus, but different kinds of truth, according as they were
his principal teacher was Philo, who succeeded objects of pure intellectual apprehension, or only
Plato, Arcesilas, and Carneades, as the founder of the of probable and uncertain knowledge (TÓ ÖTLOTNTÓV
fourth Academy. He is, however, better known as and Tò doğaotóv): and as the result was an attempt
the adversary than the disciple of Philo; and Cicero to revive the dialectic art which the Academics
mentions a treatise called Sosus (Cic. Acad. iv. 4), despised, so the notices extant of Antiochus' moral
written by him against his master, in which he teaching seem to shew, that without yielding to
refutes the scepticism of the Academics. Another the paradoxes of the Stoics, or the latitudinarian-
of his works, called " Canonica,” is quoted by ism of the Academics, he held in the main doc-
Sextus Empiricus, and appears to bave been a trines nearly coinciding with those of Aristotle :
treatise on logic. (Sext. Emp. vii. 201, see not. in as, that happiness consists essentially in a virtuous
loc.
p
as the Antilogus mentioned by Dionysius of Hali- after, and the poet returned to Colopbon and
carnassus. (De Comp. Verl. 4; comp. Anonym. sought consolation in the composition of an elegy
Descript. Olymp. xlix. ) Theodoret (Therap. viii. called Lyde, which was very celebrated in an-
p. 908) quotes an Antilochus as his authority for ! liquity: (Athen. xiii. p. 598; Brunck, Analect. i.
placing ihe tomb of Cecrops on the acropolis of p. 219. ) This elegy, which was very long, con-
Athens, but as Clemens of Alexandria (Protrept. sisted of accounts of the misfortunes of all the
p. 13) and Arnobius (adr. Gent. vi. 6) refer for mythical heroes who, like the poet, had become
ine saine fact to a writer of the name of Antiochus, unfortunate through the early death of their be-
there may possibly be an error in Theodoret. [L S. ) loved. (Plut. Consol. ad Apollon. p. 106, b. ) It
ANTINA'CHIDES, architect. [ANTISTATES) | thus contained vast stores of mythical and anti-
ANTI'MACHUS ('Avziua xos), a Troji, wio, quarian information, and it was chiefly for this and
that name.
funeral pyre.
## p. 191 (#211) ############################################
ANTIMACHUS.
191
ANTINOUS.
not for any higher or poetical rcason, that Agathar- hexameter verses. Tzetzes (ad Lycophr. 24. 5)
chides made an abridgment of it. (Phot. Bill. quotes three lines from Antimachus, but whether
p. 171, ed. Bekker. )
they belong to Antimachus of Heliopolis, or to
The principal work of Antimachus was his epic either of the two other poets of the same name,
poem called Thebais (onbais), which Cicero desig- cannot be ascertained. (Düntzer, Fragm. der
nates as magnum illud volumen. Porphyrius (ad Episch. Pocs. ron Alerund. , &c. p. 97. ) [L. S. )
Horat. ad Pison. 146) says, that Antimachus had ANTI'MACHUS, a sculptor, celebrated for his
spun out his poem so much, that in the 24th book statues of ladies. (Plin. xxxiv. 19. & 26. ) [P. S. ]
(volumen) his Seven Heroes had not yet arrived at ANTIME'NIDAS. (ALCAEUS. ]
Thebes. Now as in the remaining part of the ANTIMOERUS ('Avripospos), a sophist, was
work the poet had not only to describe the war of a native of Mende in Thrace, and is mentioned
the Seven, but also probably treated of the war of with praise among the disciples of Protagoras.
the Epigoni (Schol. ad Aristoph. Pax. 1268), the (Plat. Protag. p. 315, a. ; Themist. Orat. xxix.
length of the poem must have been immense. It p. 347, d. )
[L. S. ]
was, like the clegy Lyde, full of mythological lore, ANTI'NOE ('Avrión), a daughter of Cepheus.
and all that had any connexion with the subject of At the command of an oracle she led the inhabit-
the poem was incorporated in it. It was, of course, ants of Mantineia from the spot where the old
difficult to control such a mass, and hence we find town stood, to a place where the new town was
it stated by Quintilian (x. 1. $ 53; comp. Dionys. to be founded. She was guided on her way by a
Hal. De rer. Compos. 22), that Antimachus was serpent. She had a monument at Mantineia com-
unsuccessful in his descriptions of passion, that his memorating this event. (Paus. viii. 8. § 3, 9.
works were not graceful, and were deficient in $ 2. ) In the latter of these passages she is called
arrangement. His style also had not the simple Antonoe. Two other mythical personages of this
and easy flow of the Homeric poems. He bor-name occur in Schol. ad Apollón. Riwd. i. 164;
rowed expressions and phrases from the tragic Paus. vii. 11. & 2.
(L. S. )
writers, and frequently introduced Doric forms. ANTI'NOUS ('Artivovs), a son of Eupeithes of
(Schol. ad Nicund. Theriac. 3. ) Antimachus was Ithaca, and one of the suitors of Penelope, who
thus one of the forerunners of the poets of the during the absence of Odysseus even attempted to
Alexandrine school, who wrote more for the learned make himself master of the kingdom and threaten-
and a select number of readers than for the public ed the life of Telemachus. (Hom. Od. xxii. 48, &c. ,
at large. The Alexandrine grammarians assigned iv. 630, &c. , xvi. 371. ) When Odysseus after his
to him the second place among the epic poets, and return appeared in the disguise of a beggar, Anti-
the emperor Hadrian preferred his works even to nous insulted him and threw a foot-stool at him.
those of Homer. (Dion. Cass. lxix. 4; Spartian. (Od. xviii. 42, &c. ). On this account he was the
Hadrian. 5. ) There are some other works which first of the suitors who fell by the hands of Odys-
are ascribed to Antimachus, such as a work en- seus. (xxii. 8, &c. )
(L. S. ]
titled 'Αρτεμις (Steph. Byz. 5. τ. Κοτύλαιον), a ANTI'NOUS ('Avtívous), a chief among the
second called Abira (Athen. vii. p. 300), a third Molossians in Epeirus, who became involved,
called 'laxl» (Etymol. M. s. v. 'Abontwp), and against his own will, in the war of Perseus, king
perhaps also a Centauromachia (Natal. Com. vii. of Macedonia, against the Romans. His family
4); but as in all these cases Antimachus is and that of another chief, Cephalus, were connect-
mentioned without any descriptive epithet, it can. ed with the royal house of Macedonia by friend-
not be ascertained whether he is the Clarian ship, and although he was convinced that the war
poet, for there are two other poets of the same against Rome would be ruinous to Macedonia and
Suidas says that Antimachus of Claros was therefore had no intention of joining Perseus, yet
also a grammarian, and there is a tradition that he Charops, a young Epeirot, who had been educated
made a recension of the text of the Homeric poems; at Rome and wished to insinuate himself into the
but respecting these points see F. A. Wolf, Pro favour of the Romans, calumniated Antinous and
legom. pp. clxxvii. and clxxxi. , &c. The numerous Cephalus as if they entertained a secret hostility
fragments of Antimachus have been collected by towards Rome. Antinous and his friends at first
C. A. G. Schellenberg, Halle, 1786, 8vo. Some treated the machinations of Charops with contempt,
additional fragments are contained in H. G. Stoll, but when they perceived that some of their friends
Animadv. in Antimachi Fragm. Götting. 1841. were arrested and conveyed to Rome, Antinous
Those belonging to the Thebais are collected in and Cephalus were compelled, for the sake of their
Düntzer's Die Fragm. der Episch. Pocs. der Griech. own safety, openly, though unwillingly, to join the
his auf Alexand. p. 99, &c. , comp. with Nachtrag, Macedonian party, and the Molossians followed
p. 38, &c. See N. Bach, Philetae, Hermesianactis, their example. After the outbreak of the war
&c. reliquiae, gic. Epimetrum de Antimachi Lyda, Antinous fell fighting, B. c. 168. Polybius does
p.
240; Blomfield in the Classical Journal, iv. p. not state clearly whether Antinous fell in battle, or
23) ; Welcker, Der Epische Cyclus, p. 102, &c. whether he put an end to his own life in despair.
2. Of Teus, an epic poet. Plutarch (Romul. (Polyb. xxvii. 13, xxx. 7. )
(L. S. )
12) states, that he was said to have known some- ANTI'NOUS, a youth, probably of low origin,
thing about the eclipse which occurred on the day born at Bithynium or Claudiopolis in Bithynia.
of the foundation of Rome. Clemens Alexandrinus On account of his extraordinary beauty he was
(Strom. vi. p. 622, c. ) quotes an hexameter verse taken by the emperor Hadrian to be his page, and
from him, which Agias is said to have imitated. soon became the object of his extravagant affection.
If this statement is correct, Antimachus would Hadrian took him with him on all his journeys.
belong to an early period of Greek literature. It was in the course of one of these that he was
3. Of HELIOPolis in Egypt, is said by Suidas drowned in the Nile. It is uncertain whether his
to have written a poem called Koomoroita, that is, death was accidental, or whether he threw hims») f
on the creation of the universe, consisting of 3780 into the river, either from disgust at the life be let,
name.
## p. 192 (#212) ############################################
192
ANTIOCHUS.
ANTIOCHUS.
or from a superstitious belief that by so doing he during the reign of Severus and Caracalla le
should avert some calamity from the emperor. belonged to a distinguished family, some members
Dion Cassius favours the latter supposition. The of which were afterwards raised to the consulship
grief of the emperor knew no bounds. He strove at Rome. He took no part in the political affairs of
to perpetuate the memory of his favourite by his native place, but with his large property, which
monuments of all kinds. He rebuilt the city of was increased by the liberality of the emperors, he
Besa in the Thebais, near which Antinous was was enabled to support and relieve his fellow-
drowned, and gave it the name of Antinoopolis. citizens whenever it was needed. He used to
He enrolled Antinous amongst the gods, caused spend his nights in the temple of Asclepius, partly
temples to be erected to him in Egypt and Greece on account of the dreams and the communications
(at Mantineia), and statues of him to be set up in with the god in them, and partly on account of the
almost every part of the world. In one of the conversation of other persons who likewise spent
sanctuaries dedicated to him oracles were delivered their nights there without being able to sleep.
in his name. Games were also celebrated in his During the war of Caracalla against the Parthians
honour. (Dict. of Ant. s. v. ’Avtovóeia. ) A star be- he was at first of some service to the Roman anny
tween the eagle and the zodiac, which the courtiers by his Cynic mode of life, but afterwards he de
of the emperor pretended had then first made its serted to the Parthians together with Tiridates.
appearance, and was the soul of Antinous, received Antiochus was one of the most distinguished
his name, which it still bears. A large number of rhetoricians of his time. He was a pupil of Dar-
works of art of all kinds were executed in his danus, the Assyrian, and Dionysius, the Milesian.
honour, and many of them are still extant They He used to speak extempore, and his declamations
have been diffusely described and classified by and orations were distinguished for their pathos,
Konrad Levezow in his treatise Ueber den An- their richness in thought, and the precision of their
tinous dargestellt in den Kunstdenkmälern des style, which had nothing of the pomp and bombast
Alterthums. The death of Antinous, which took of other rhetoricians. But he also acquired some
place probably in A. D. 122, seems to have formed reputation as a writer. Philostratus mentions an
an era in the history of ancient art. (Dion Cass. historical work of his (iotopla) which is praised for
lxix. 11; Spartian. Hadrian. 14; Paus. viii. 9. the elegance of its style, but wbat was the subject
§ 4. )
[C. P. M. ] of this history is unknown. Phrynichus (p. 32)
There were various medals struck in honour of refers to a work of his called 'Ayopá. (Philostr.
Antinous in the Greek cities, but none at Rome or Vit. Soph. ii. 4. 5. $ 4; Dion Cass. lxxvii. 19;
in any of the Roman colonies. In the one an. Suidas, s. r. ; Eudoc. p. 58. )
[L. S. ]
nexed, which was struck at Bithynium, the birth- ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrioxos), of ALEXANDRIA,
place of Hadrian, the inscription is H NATPIS wrote a work on the Greek poets of the middle
ANTINOON OEON, that is, “ His native country Attic comedy. (Athen. xi. p. 282. ) Fabricius
(reverences) the god Antinous. ” The inscription thinks that he is
, perhaps, the same man as the
on the reverse is nearly effaced on the medal from mythographer Antiochus, who wrote a work on
which the drawing was made: it was originally mythical traditions arranged according to the places
AAPIANON BIOTNIENN. On it Mercury is re- where they were current. (Ptolem. Hephaest. v.
presented with a bull by his side, which probably 9; Phot. Cod. 190. ) Some writers are inclined to
has reference to Apis. (Eckhel, vi. p. 528, &c. ) consider the mythographer as the same with
Antiochus of Aegae or Antiochus of Syracuse ; but
nothing certain can be said about the matter. (L. S. ]
ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrloxos), an ARCADIAN, was
the enroy sent by his state to the Persian court in
B. C. 367, when embassies went to Susa from most
of the Grecian states. The Arcadians, probably
through the influence of Pelopidas, the Theban
ambassador, were treated as of less importance
than the Eleans—an affront which Antiochus re-
sented by refusing the presents of the king. (Xen.
Hell. vii. 1. $ 33, &c. ) Xenophon says, that An-
ANTIOCHIS ('Artioxis). 1. A sister of tiochus had conquered in the pancratium; and
Antiochus the Great, married to Xerxes, king of Pausanias informs us (vi. 3. & 4), that Antiochus,
Armosata, a city between the Euphrates and the the pancratiast, was a native of Lepreum, and that
Tigris. (Polyb. viii. 25. )
he conquered in this contest once in the Olympic
2. A daughter of Antiochus the Great, married games, twice in the Nemean, and twice in the
to Ariarathes, king of Cappadocia, bore to her hus- Isthmian. His statue was made by Nicodamus.
band two daughters and a son named Mithridates. Lepreum was claimed by the Arcadians as one of
(Diod. xxxi. Ecl
. 3; Appian, Syr. 5. )
their towns, whence Xenophon calls Antiochus an
3. A daughter of Achaeus, married to Attalus, Arcadian ; but it is more usually reckoned as be-
and the mother of Attalus I. , king of Pergamus. longing to Elis.
(Strab. xiii. p. 624. )
ANTIOCHUS ('Avrloxos), of ASCALON, the
ANTI’OCHUS ('Artióxos). There are three founder, as he is called, of the fifth Academy, was
mythical personages of this name, concerning whom a friend of Lucullus the antagonist of Mithridates,
nothing of any interest is related. (Diod. ir. 37; and the teacher of Cicero during his studies at
Paus. i. 5. $ 2, x. 10. § 1; Apollod. ii. 4. & 5, &c. ; Athens (E. c. 79); but he had a school at Alexan-
Hygin. Fab. 170. )
(L. S. ] dria also, as well as in Syria, where he seems to
ANTI'OCHUS ('Avrloxos), of Aegae in Cili- have ended his life. (Plut. Cic. c. 4, Lucull. c. 42:
cia, a sophist, or as he himself pretended to be, á Cic. Acad. ii. 19. ) He was a philosopher of con-
Cynic philosopher. He flourished about A. D. 200, siderable reputation in his time, for Strabo in de-
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## p. 193 (#213) ############################################
ANTIOCHUS.
193
ANTIOCHUS.
scribing Ascalon, mentions his birth there as a utter fallaciousness brought against them by the
mark of distinction for the city (Strab. xiv. p. 759), Academics. (12. 32. )
and Cicero frequently speaks of him in affectionate It is cvident that in such discussions the same
and respectful terms as the best and wisest of the questions were examined which had formerly bein
Academics, and the most polished and acute philo more thoroughly sifted by Plato and Aristotle, in
sopher of his age. (Cic. Acud. ü. 35, Brut. 91. ) analyzing the nature of science and treating of the
He studied under the stoic Mnesarchus, but different kinds of truth, according as they were
his principal teacher was Philo, who succeeded objects of pure intellectual apprehension, or only
Plato, Arcesilas, and Carneades, as the founder of the of probable and uncertain knowledge (TÓ ÖTLOTNTÓV
fourth Academy. He is, however, better known as and Tò doğaotóv): and as the result was an attempt
the adversary than the disciple of Philo; and Cicero to revive the dialectic art which the Academics
mentions a treatise called Sosus (Cic. Acad. iv. 4), despised, so the notices extant of Antiochus' moral
written by him against his master, in which he teaching seem to shew, that without yielding to
refutes the scepticism of the Academics. Another the paradoxes of the Stoics, or the latitudinarian-
of his works, called " Canonica,” is quoted by ism of the Academics, he held in the main doc-
Sextus Empiricus, and appears to bave been a trines nearly coinciding with those of Aristotle :
treatise on logic. (Sext. Emp. vii. 201, see not. in as, that happiness consists essentially in a virtuous
loc.
