French
Literature
: Introduction by Leon Valine
PiOB
65 .
PiOB
65 .
Universal Anthology - v05
The Universal anthology : a collection of the best literature, ancient mediaeval and modern, with biographical and explanatory notes
/ edited by Richard Garnett, Leon Vallée, Alois Brandl.
London : Clarke Co. , 1899.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/umn. 31951002060405z
Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
We have determined this work to be in the public domain in the United States of America. It may not be in the public domain in other countries. Copies are provided as a preservation service. Particularly outside of the United States, persons receiving copies should make appropriate efforts to determine the copyright status of the work in their country and use the work accordingly. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address. The digital images and OCR of this work were produced by Google, Inc. (indicated by a watermark on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests that the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed or used commercially. The images are provided for educational, scholarly, non-commercial purposes.
Utbrarg nf tiff
THE UNIVERSAL ANTHOLOGY WITH BIBlIOGRAPHIC ESSAYS
BY
RICHARD GARNETT (Editor-in-Chief)
LEON VALLEE (French Liter aturb)
PAUL BOURGET
(French Critical Essays)
EMILE ZOLA
(French Naturalistic Literature)
EDWARD DOWDEN (Elizabethan Literature)
DEAN FARRAR
(Literature of Religious Criticism)
E. MELCHIOR DE VOGUE" (Russian Literature)
DONALD G. MITCHELL (Collected Literature)
F. BRUNETIERE
(Modern French Poetry)
HENRY SMITH WILLIAMS (Scientific Literature)
AINSWORTH R. SPOFFORD (American Literature)
AND
ALOIS BRANDL (GSKMANLlTBRATURB)
ANDREW LANG
(Nineteenth Century Literature)
HENRY JAMES (The Novel)
MAURICE MAETERLINCK (The Modern Drama)
PASQUALE VILLARI
(The Italian Renaissance)
BRET HARTE
(Short Stories)
ARMANDO PALACIO VALDES (DecadentLiterature)
EDMUND GOSSE (Poetry)
J. P. MAHAFFY
(Historical Literature)
WALTER BESANT (Historical Novels)
THIS GARNETT MEMORIAL EDITION IS LIMITED TO ONE THOUSAND COPIES, FIvE HUNDRED OF WHICH ARE BOUND IN CLOTH AND FIvE
HUNDRED IN THREE-QUARTER MOROCCO.
^
THIS SET IS CLOTH COPY NO.
■
Terence. (Fifteenth Century. )
A page from a MS. of the Comedies of Terence, in the Library of the Arsenal, Paris.
'Terence. {Fifteenth Century. )
A page from a MS. of the Comedies of Terence in the Library of the Arsenal, Paris. The book, as indicated by the royal ban ners, was evidently written and illuminated for a sovereign of France —possibly Charles VI. ; but most probably, as the style of illumination would suggest, for his son, Charles VII. , during his early predilection for learning and the arts, fostered by the beau tiful and accomplished Agnes Sorel.
GARNETT (MEMORIAL EDITION
THE UNIVERSAL
ANTHOLOGY
c/7 Co/Urtion of the ''Best Literature, z/Incient, {Mediceval and Modern, with Biographical and Explanatory Notes.
Edited by
RICHARD GARNETT
Keeper of Printed Books at the British Museum London, 185 1 to 1899
LEON VALLEE
Librarian at the Bibliotheque Nationale Parii, Since 1871
ALOIS BRANDL
Professor of Literature in the Imperial University of Berlin
VOLUME FIVE
PUBLISHED BY
THE CLARKE COMPANY, Limited, London
MERRILL Sr BAKER, New York EMILE TERQUEM, Paris
Entered at Stationers' nail London, 1S99
Droits de reproduction et de traduction reserve1 Paris, 1399
Alle rechte, Insbesonderc das dcr TJbersetznng, vorbebaltcn Berlin, 1899
Proprleta Letierarla, Rlservati tuta 1divlttl Rome, 1899
Copyright, 1899 by
Richard Oarnett
TABLE OF CONTENTS. VOLUME V.
French Literature : Introduction by Leon Valine
PiOB
65 . . . . 1
Salammbo and her Lover . . . Qustave
Hannibal as Strategist and Soldier . . Livy
Mostellaria Plautus
End of the Macedonian Kingdom . . Bishop Thirlwall . . 82
Last Two Oracles of Greece
Periods of Greek History
Gleanings from the Greek Anthology . Wit and Satire of the Greek Anthology . Fragments of the Early Roman Poets . . To save a Sister
Braggart and Parasite
The Self-Tormentor
The Conspiracy of Catiline
Speech on Catiline's Conspiracy .
The Dying Gladiator
Caesar's First Invasion of Britain
. . . . .
^f^» Boadicea
>w Correspondence of Cicero :
j
' |
7^ 0
V
» 4
£
•f. a
5 <Of
Sn,
.
j ,
Metellus to Cicero Cicero to Metellus Cicero to his Wife Caesar to Cicero Cicero to Caasar Cicero to Atticus Antony to Cicero Caesar to Cicero Sulpicius to Cicero Cicero to Sulpicius Cicero to Atticus
X ^-
Julius Caesar
Antony and Cleopatra Cleopatra
The Savagery of Classic Times Roman and Celt in our Days Early Celtic Literature :
Plutarch
W. W. Story
243 . . . 209
. . . . . . .
. . . . . .
47
. . . .
98 . . . 119
135 . 150
Death of the Children of Usnach
Deirdre"'s Farewell to Alba
Deirdre"'s Farewell Song
Pillow Conversation of King Ailill and Queen Maev How Setanta received the Name of Cuchullin
ix
6801. 31
. . . .
251 253 255 257 260
. .
. .
. .
Anthony Trollope . . 247 C. F. Johnson . . . 250
. .
. .
154 172 184 185
. 191
193 193 197 199 199 201 201 202
Flaubert . . 89
F. W. H. Myers
Oeorge Finlay
Dr. if. Oarnett
Lord Neaves
Selected and Translated . 112
Georg Ebers Terence Terence Sallust Cicero
Lord Byron
Caesar
William Covoper .
. . . .
207 Shakespeare . . . 210
. . .
. . . . 203
92 . 94
90
. . . . . . .
223
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Cuchiillin's Wooing of Eiraer Fight of Cuchullin and Ferdiah Death of Cuchullin
Tie* 264 265 267
King Dathy's Death . . . . James Clarence Mangan . 273 The Maguire James Clarence Mangan . 275
" Man wants but Little —". The Bugbear of Death
The Spinning of the Fates Epithalamium
. . . Lucretius
Lucretius {tr. Dryden)
. 277 . 281 . 288 . 290
297 298 299 300
Miscellaneous Poems of Catullus :
Taken at his Word
To Lesbia's Sparrow
To Himself, on Lesbia's Inconstancy A Woman's Promises
Catullus (tr. Frere) .
To Lesbia, on her Falsehood . . . . 300
Parting Message to Lesbia
Invitation to Caecilius
The Original of " Dr. Fell "
To the Peninsula of Sirmio, on his Return Home To Cornificius
To his Dead Brother Poems of Tibullus :
A Husbandman's Life the Ideal One An Unwilling Welcome to Love ToMessala
Sulpicia's Appeal
301 302 302 302 303 303
304 306 308 311 312 312
313 315 316
. . . . 318
(tr. Mallock)
Catullus . (tr. Burton)
To his Mistress
Love Deaf to Doubt Elegies of Propertius :
To Mfecenas (Gray)
The Effigy of Love
Prediction of Poetic Immortality Praise of a Life of Ease
The Plea of Cornelia
. . . . 320
Roman Life under Augustus Latin Poetic Rhythms
Odes
Horace on Charitable Judgments Poems of Ovid :
.
.
.
.
.
W. A. Becker
F. W. H. Myers . . 336
Sappho to Phaon (Pope)
Laodamia to Protesilaus . . . . The Ring . . . . Elegy on Tibullus .
French Literature : Introduction by Leon Valine
PiOB
65 . . . . 1
Salammbo and her Lover . . . Qustave
Hannibal as Strategist and Soldier . . Livy
Mostellaria Plautus
End of the Macedonian Kingdom . . Bishop Thirlwall . . 82
Last Two Oracles of Greece
Periods of Greek History
Gleanings from the Greek Anthology . Wit and Satire of the Greek Anthology . Fragments of the Early Roman Poets . . To save a Sister
Braggart and Parasite
The Self-Tormentor
The Conspiracy of Catiline
Speech on Catiline's Conspiracy .
The Dying Gladiator
Caesar's First Invasion of Britain
. . . . .
^f^» Boadicea
>w Correspondence of Cicero :
j
' |
7^ 0
V
» 4
£
•f. a
5 <Of
Sn,
.
j ,
Metellus to Cicero Cicero to Metellus Cicero to his Wife Caesar to Cicero Cicero to Caasar Cicero to Atticus Antony to Cicero Caesar to Cicero Sulpicius to Cicero Cicero to Sulpicius Cicero to Atticus
X ^-
Julius Caesar
Antony and Cleopatra Cleopatra
The Savagery of Classic Times Roman and Celt in our Days Early Celtic Literature :
Plutarch
W. W. Story
243 . . . 209
. . . . . . .
. . . . . .
47
. . . .
98 . . . 119
135 . 150
Death of the Children of Usnach
Deirdre"'s Farewell to Alba
Deirdre"'s Farewell Song
Pillow Conversation of King Ailill and Queen Maev How Setanta received the Name of Cuchullin
ix
6801. 31
. . . .
251 253 255 257 260
. .
. .
. .
Anthony Trollope . . 247 C. F. Johnson . . . 250
. .
. .
154 172 184 185
. 191
193 193 197 199 199 201 201 202
Flaubert . . 89
F. W. H. Myers
Oeorge Finlay
Dr. if. Oarnett
Lord Neaves
Selected and Translated . 112
Georg Ebers Terence Terence Sallust Cicero
Lord Byron
Caesar
William Covoper .
. . . .
207 Shakespeare . . . 210
. . .
. . . . 203
92 . 94
90
. . . . . . .
223
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Cuchiillin's Wooing of Eiraer Fight of Cuchullin and Ferdiah Death of Cuchullin
Tie* 264 265 267
King Dathy's Death . . . . James Clarence Mangan . 273 The Maguire James Clarence Mangan . 275
" Man wants but Little —". The Bugbear of Death
The Spinning of the Fates Epithalamium
. . . Lucretius
Lucretius {tr. Dryden)
. 277 . 281 . 288 . 290
297 298 299 300
Miscellaneous Poems of Catullus :
Taken at his Word
To Lesbia's Sparrow
To Himself, on Lesbia's Inconstancy A Woman's Promises
Catullus (tr. Frere) .
To Lesbia, on her Falsehood . . . . 300
Parting Message to Lesbia
Invitation to Caecilius
The Original of " Dr. Fell "
To the Peninsula of Sirmio, on his Return Home To Cornificius
To his Dead Brother Poems of Tibullus :
A Husbandman's Life the Ideal One An Unwilling Welcome to Love ToMessala
Sulpicia's Appeal
301 302 302 302 303 303
304 306 308 311 312 312
313 315 316
. . . . 318
(tr. Mallock)
Catullus . (tr. Burton)
To his Mistress
Love Deaf to Doubt Elegies of Propertius :
To Mfecenas (Gray)
The Effigy of Love
Prediction of Poetic Immortality Praise of a Life of Ease
The Plea of Cornelia
. . . . 320
Roman Life under Augustus Latin Poetic Rhythms
Odes
Horace on Charitable Judgments Poems of Ovid :
.
.
.
.
.
W. A. Becker
F. W. H. Myers . . 336
Sappho to Phaon (Pope)
Laodamia to Protesilaus . . . . The Ring . . . . Elegy on Tibullus . . . . Acis and Galatea (Dryden)
iEneas' Journey to Hades ^Eneas and the Cyclops The Messianic Eclogue Sacred Eclogue
Horace Horace
Virgil Virgil Virgil Pope
(tr. Bowen)
339
352
353 356 356 367 359
. . 364 . 386 . . 390 392 395
Physical Geography at the Christian Era . Strabo
Conington) (tr. Bowen)
(tr.
. . . 323
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
VOLUME V.
TERENCE, Illuminated Manubcbift Frontispiece
PAQB LEON VALLEE 13
SALAMMBO 39 THE DYING GLADIATOR 199 SAVAGERY OF CLASSIC TIMES 249 VIRGIL, HORACE, AND VARIUS 339 NEPTUNE CALMING THE WAVES 351
LEON VALLEE
BREF APEEÇU DE LA LITTÉRATUEE Pab Léon Vallée
FRANÇAISE
Le français est le produit de trois éléments essentiels qui mirent plusieurs siècles pour fusionner : le romanisme, le christianisme et le germanisme. Les premières manifestations littéraires de la nouvelle langue furent des chansons, les chansons de gestes, dont la plus célèbre, La Chanson de Roland, peut être considérée comme le véritable point de départ de la littérature française. Ces poèmes, destinés à célébrer des exploits guerriers, seront bientôt suivis de l'apparition de la poésie narrative, puis nous assisterons à l'affranchissement de la prose, qui viendra manifester sa vitalité dans les romans bretons et les récits de Villehardouin.
Le XIIe siècle, c'est la période des troubadours, des trouvères, des cours d'amour où la femme est reine, où elle apporte son charme et son sourire. Nous avons alors une série de romans sur l'antiquité, des romans grecs et byzantins, des romans d'aventures (romans bretons), les Lais de Marie de France, les premières com pilations poétiques sur Tristan, Perceval, Gauvain, Lancelot du Lac, etc. , les fabliaux, puis Le Roman de la Rose, poème tout profane, qui vient rejeter dans l'ombre la poésie chevaleresque.
Au XIIIe siècle Geoffroy de Villehardouin, le premier chroni queur français, nous narre avec naïveté et grandeur l'expédition à laquelle il participa pour la Conquête de Constantinople. Un peu plus tard le sire de Joinville, fidèle compagnon de Saint-Louis, nous donne dans ses Mémoires un récit ému et coloré des événe ments qui se passèrent de son temps.
Messire Jehan Froissart, l'historien de la guerre de cent ans, xiii
xiv BREF APERÇU DE LA LITTÉRATURE FRANÇAISE
paraît ensuite. Il nous expose dans sa Chronique la vie féodale et militaire du XIVe siècle. Il est le miroir où se reflète tout le moyen-
Lisez-le, vous le trouverez toujours exact, toujours varié, tou jours vivant dans ses admirables descriptions. Quelques écrivains brillent alors d'un vif éclat. C'est Christine de Pisan, une femme poète, dont les vers sont pleins de grâce et de délicatesse, et qui défendit la cause des femmes attaquées par Jean de Meung. C'est Alain Chartier, lequel, vivement ému des malheurs de la France après le désastre d'Azincourt, contribue par son éloquence à relever le courage de ses concitoyens, et dont Le Quadriloge invectif peut être considéré comme la pure manifestation du patriotisme et de l'honneur national. C'est Eustache Deschamps. C'est enfin Olivier Basselin, qui, foulon de son métier, improvise, le verre en main, ces chansons lesquelles, si connues sous le nom de Vaux de Vire, seront l'origine du vaudeville.
Nous ne saurions quitter cette époque sans rappeler qu'après les Miracles, auxquels ils succédèrent, les Mystères eurent une grande vogue pendant le moyen-âge, et marquent le commencement du théâtre tragique moderne. La première représentation en langue vulgaire date du XIe siècle : c'est Le Mystère des Vierges folles et des
Vierges sages. Les mystères, qui devinrent de plus en plus riches et nombreux pendant les siècles suivants, étaient le privilège exclusif des Confréries de la Passion. Plus tard, les Clercs de la Basoche créèrent un genre nouveau, les Moralités, qui contenait en germe la comédie. Et la~sotie, petit poème lyrique des trouvères et des jongleurs, se transforme, à la fin du moyen-âge, en théâtre dramatique avec les Enfants-sans-souci, réunion de jeunes artistes parisiens, dont le chef prenait le titre de Prince des sots. Quant aux farces, autre transformation des anciens mystères, dont les plus célèbres sont L'Archer de Bagnelot et L'Avocat Patelin, elles con tinueront à occuper le théâtre jusqu'au siècle de Louis XIV.
Le XVe siècle s'honore de trois grandes figures: Charles d'Orléans, François Villon et Commines. Le premier, Charles d'Orléans, fait prisonnier à la bataille d'Azincourt et emmené en Angleterre, charme les loisirs de sa captivité par la culture des belles-lettres, et nous laisse des poésies qui se distinguent par leur
âge.
/ edited by Richard Garnett, Leon Vallée, Alois Brandl.
London : Clarke Co. , 1899.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/umn. 31951002060405z
Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
We have determined this work to be in the public domain in the United States of America. It may not be in the public domain in other countries. Copies are provided as a preservation service. Particularly outside of the United States, persons receiving copies should make appropriate efforts to determine the copyright status of the work in their country and use the work accordingly. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address. The digital images and OCR of this work were produced by Google, Inc. (indicated by a watermark on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests that the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed or used commercially. The images are provided for educational, scholarly, non-commercial purposes.
Utbrarg nf tiff
THE UNIVERSAL ANTHOLOGY WITH BIBlIOGRAPHIC ESSAYS
BY
RICHARD GARNETT (Editor-in-Chief)
LEON VALLEE (French Liter aturb)
PAUL BOURGET
(French Critical Essays)
EMILE ZOLA
(French Naturalistic Literature)
EDWARD DOWDEN (Elizabethan Literature)
DEAN FARRAR
(Literature of Religious Criticism)
E. MELCHIOR DE VOGUE" (Russian Literature)
DONALD G. MITCHELL (Collected Literature)
F. BRUNETIERE
(Modern French Poetry)
HENRY SMITH WILLIAMS (Scientific Literature)
AINSWORTH R. SPOFFORD (American Literature)
AND
ALOIS BRANDL (GSKMANLlTBRATURB)
ANDREW LANG
(Nineteenth Century Literature)
HENRY JAMES (The Novel)
MAURICE MAETERLINCK (The Modern Drama)
PASQUALE VILLARI
(The Italian Renaissance)
BRET HARTE
(Short Stories)
ARMANDO PALACIO VALDES (DecadentLiterature)
EDMUND GOSSE (Poetry)
J. P. MAHAFFY
(Historical Literature)
WALTER BESANT (Historical Novels)
THIS GARNETT MEMORIAL EDITION IS LIMITED TO ONE THOUSAND COPIES, FIvE HUNDRED OF WHICH ARE BOUND IN CLOTH AND FIvE
HUNDRED IN THREE-QUARTER MOROCCO.
^
THIS SET IS CLOTH COPY NO.
■
Terence. (Fifteenth Century. )
A page from a MS. of the Comedies of Terence, in the Library of the Arsenal, Paris.
'Terence. {Fifteenth Century. )
A page from a MS. of the Comedies of Terence in the Library of the Arsenal, Paris. The book, as indicated by the royal ban ners, was evidently written and illuminated for a sovereign of France —possibly Charles VI. ; but most probably, as the style of illumination would suggest, for his son, Charles VII. , during his early predilection for learning and the arts, fostered by the beau tiful and accomplished Agnes Sorel.
GARNETT (MEMORIAL EDITION
THE UNIVERSAL
ANTHOLOGY
c/7 Co/Urtion of the ''Best Literature, z/Incient, {Mediceval and Modern, with Biographical and Explanatory Notes.
Edited by
RICHARD GARNETT
Keeper of Printed Books at the British Museum London, 185 1 to 1899
LEON VALLEE
Librarian at the Bibliotheque Nationale Parii, Since 1871
ALOIS BRANDL
Professor of Literature in the Imperial University of Berlin
VOLUME FIVE
PUBLISHED BY
THE CLARKE COMPANY, Limited, London
MERRILL Sr BAKER, New York EMILE TERQUEM, Paris
Entered at Stationers' nail London, 1S99
Droits de reproduction et de traduction reserve1 Paris, 1399
Alle rechte, Insbesonderc das dcr TJbersetznng, vorbebaltcn Berlin, 1899
Proprleta Letierarla, Rlservati tuta 1divlttl Rome, 1899
Copyright, 1899 by
Richard Oarnett
TABLE OF CONTENTS. VOLUME V.
French Literature : Introduction by Leon Valine
PiOB
65 . . . . 1
Salammbo and her Lover . . . Qustave
Hannibal as Strategist and Soldier . . Livy
Mostellaria Plautus
End of the Macedonian Kingdom . . Bishop Thirlwall . . 82
Last Two Oracles of Greece
Periods of Greek History
Gleanings from the Greek Anthology . Wit and Satire of the Greek Anthology . Fragments of the Early Roman Poets . . To save a Sister
Braggart and Parasite
The Self-Tormentor
The Conspiracy of Catiline
Speech on Catiline's Conspiracy .
The Dying Gladiator
Caesar's First Invasion of Britain
. . . . .
^f^» Boadicea
>w Correspondence of Cicero :
j
' |
7^ 0
V
» 4
£
•f. a
5 <Of
Sn,
.
j ,
Metellus to Cicero Cicero to Metellus Cicero to his Wife Caesar to Cicero Cicero to Caasar Cicero to Atticus Antony to Cicero Caesar to Cicero Sulpicius to Cicero Cicero to Sulpicius Cicero to Atticus
X ^-
Julius Caesar
Antony and Cleopatra Cleopatra
The Savagery of Classic Times Roman and Celt in our Days Early Celtic Literature :
Plutarch
W. W. Story
243 . . . 209
. . . . . . .
. . . . . .
47
. . . .
98 . . . 119
135 . 150
Death of the Children of Usnach
Deirdre"'s Farewell to Alba
Deirdre"'s Farewell Song
Pillow Conversation of King Ailill and Queen Maev How Setanta received the Name of Cuchullin
ix
6801. 31
. . . .
251 253 255 257 260
. .
. .
. .
Anthony Trollope . . 247 C. F. Johnson . . . 250
. .
. .
154 172 184 185
. 191
193 193 197 199 199 201 201 202
Flaubert . . 89
F. W. H. Myers
Oeorge Finlay
Dr. if. Oarnett
Lord Neaves
Selected and Translated . 112
Georg Ebers Terence Terence Sallust Cicero
Lord Byron
Caesar
William Covoper .
. . . .
207 Shakespeare . . . 210
. . .
. . . . 203
92 . 94
90
. . . . . . .
223
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Cuchiillin's Wooing of Eiraer Fight of Cuchullin and Ferdiah Death of Cuchullin
Tie* 264 265 267
King Dathy's Death . . . . James Clarence Mangan . 273 The Maguire James Clarence Mangan . 275
" Man wants but Little —". The Bugbear of Death
The Spinning of the Fates Epithalamium
. . . Lucretius
Lucretius {tr. Dryden)
. 277 . 281 . 288 . 290
297 298 299 300
Miscellaneous Poems of Catullus :
Taken at his Word
To Lesbia's Sparrow
To Himself, on Lesbia's Inconstancy A Woman's Promises
Catullus (tr. Frere) .
To Lesbia, on her Falsehood . . . . 300
Parting Message to Lesbia
Invitation to Caecilius
The Original of " Dr. Fell "
To the Peninsula of Sirmio, on his Return Home To Cornificius
To his Dead Brother Poems of Tibullus :
A Husbandman's Life the Ideal One An Unwilling Welcome to Love ToMessala
Sulpicia's Appeal
301 302 302 302 303 303
304 306 308 311 312 312
313 315 316
. . . . 318
(tr. Mallock)
Catullus . (tr. Burton)
To his Mistress
Love Deaf to Doubt Elegies of Propertius :
To Mfecenas (Gray)
The Effigy of Love
Prediction of Poetic Immortality Praise of a Life of Ease
The Plea of Cornelia
. . . . 320
Roman Life under Augustus Latin Poetic Rhythms
Odes
Horace on Charitable Judgments Poems of Ovid :
.
.
.
.
.
W. A. Becker
F. W. H. Myers . . 336
Sappho to Phaon (Pope)
Laodamia to Protesilaus . . . . The Ring . . . . Elegy on Tibullus .
French Literature : Introduction by Leon Valine
PiOB
65 . . . . 1
Salammbo and her Lover . . . Qustave
Hannibal as Strategist and Soldier . . Livy
Mostellaria Plautus
End of the Macedonian Kingdom . . Bishop Thirlwall . . 82
Last Two Oracles of Greece
Periods of Greek History
Gleanings from the Greek Anthology . Wit and Satire of the Greek Anthology . Fragments of the Early Roman Poets . . To save a Sister
Braggart and Parasite
The Self-Tormentor
The Conspiracy of Catiline
Speech on Catiline's Conspiracy .
The Dying Gladiator
Caesar's First Invasion of Britain
. . . . .
^f^» Boadicea
>w Correspondence of Cicero :
j
' |
7^ 0
V
» 4
£
•f. a
5 <Of
Sn,
.
j ,
Metellus to Cicero Cicero to Metellus Cicero to his Wife Caesar to Cicero Cicero to Caasar Cicero to Atticus Antony to Cicero Caesar to Cicero Sulpicius to Cicero Cicero to Sulpicius Cicero to Atticus
X ^-
Julius Caesar
Antony and Cleopatra Cleopatra
The Savagery of Classic Times Roman and Celt in our Days Early Celtic Literature :
Plutarch
W. W. Story
243 . . . 209
. . . . . . .
. . . . . .
47
. . . .
98 . . . 119
135 . 150
Death of the Children of Usnach
Deirdre"'s Farewell to Alba
Deirdre"'s Farewell Song
Pillow Conversation of King Ailill and Queen Maev How Setanta received the Name of Cuchullin
ix
6801. 31
. . . .
251 253 255 257 260
. .
. .
. .
Anthony Trollope . . 247 C. F. Johnson . . . 250
. .
. .
154 172 184 185
. 191
193 193 197 199 199 201 201 202
Flaubert . . 89
F. W. H. Myers
Oeorge Finlay
Dr. if. Oarnett
Lord Neaves
Selected and Translated . 112
Georg Ebers Terence Terence Sallust Cicero
Lord Byron
Caesar
William Covoper .
. . . .
207 Shakespeare . . . 210
. . .
. . . . 203
92 . 94
90
. . . . . . .
223
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
Cuchiillin's Wooing of Eiraer Fight of Cuchullin and Ferdiah Death of Cuchullin
Tie* 264 265 267
King Dathy's Death . . . . James Clarence Mangan . 273 The Maguire James Clarence Mangan . 275
" Man wants but Little —". The Bugbear of Death
The Spinning of the Fates Epithalamium
. . . Lucretius
Lucretius {tr. Dryden)
. 277 . 281 . 288 . 290
297 298 299 300
Miscellaneous Poems of Catullus :
Taken at his Word
To Lesbia's Sparrow
To Himself, on Lesbia's Inconstancy A Woman's Promises
Catullus (tr. Frere) .
To Lesbia, on her Falsehood . . . . 300
Parting Message to Lesbia
Invitation to Caecilius
The Original of " Dr. Fell "
To the Peninsula of Sirmio, on his Return Home To Cornificius
To his Dead Brother Poems of Tibullus :
A Husbandman's Life the Ideal One An Unwilling Welcome to Love ToMessala
Sulpicia's Appeal
301 302 302 302 303 303
304 306 308 311 312 312
313 315 316
. . . . 318
(tr. Mallock)
Catullus . (tr. Burton)
To his Mistress
Love Deaf to Doubt Elegies of Propertius :
To Mfecenas (Gray)
The Effigy of Love
Prediction of Poetic Immortality Praise of a Life of Ease
The Plea of Cornelia
. . . . 320
Roman Life under Augustus Latin Poetic Rhythms
Odes
Horace on Charitable Judgments Poems of Ovid :
.
.
.
.
.
W. A. Becker
F. W. H. Myers . . 336
Sappho to Phaon (Pope)
Laodamia to Protesilaus . . . . The Ring . . . . Elegy on Tibullus . . . . Acis and Galatea (Dryden)
iEneas' Journey to Hades ^Eneas and the Cyclops The Messianic Eclogue Sacred Eclogue
Horace Horace
Virgil Virgil Virgil Pope
(tr. Bowen)
339
352
353 356 356 367 359
. . 364 . 386 . . 390 392 395
Physical Geography at the Christian Era . Strabo
Conington) (tr. Bowen)
(tr.
. . . 323
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
VOLUME V.
TERENCE, Illuminated Manubcbift Frontispiece
PAQB LEON VALLEE 13
SALAMMBO 39 THE DYING GLADIATOR 199 SAVAGERY OF CLASSIC TIMES 249 VIRGIL, HORACE, AND VARIUS 339 NEPTUNE CALMING THE WAVES 351
LEON VALLEE
BREF APEEÇU DE LA LITTÉRATUEE Pab Léon Vallée
FRANÇAISE
Le français est le produit de trois éléments essentiels qui mirent plusieurs siècles pour fusionner : le romanisme, le christianisme et le germanisme. Les premières manifestations littéraires de la nouvelle langue furent des chansons, les chansons de gestes, dont la plus célèbre, La Chanson de Roland, peut être considérée comme le véritable point de départ de la littérature française. Ces poèmes, destinés à célébrer des exploits guerriers, seront bientôt suivis de l'apparition de la poésie narrative, puis nous assisterons à l'affranchissement de la prose, qui viendra manifester sa vitalité dans les romans bretons et les récits de Villehardouin.
Le XIIe siècle, c'est la période des troubadours, des trouvères, des cours d'amour où la femme est reine, où elle apporte son charme et son sourire. Nous avons alors une série de romans sur l'antiquité, des romans grecs et byzantins, des romans d'aventures (romans bretons), les Lais de Marie de France, les premières com pilations poétiques sur Tristan, Perceval, Gauvain, Lancelot du Lac, etc. , les fabliaux, puis Le Roman de la Rose, poème tout profane, qui vient rejeter dans l'ombre la poésie chevaleresque.
Au XIIIe siècle Geoffroy de Villehardouin, le premier chroni queur français, nous narre avec naïveté et grandeur l'expédition à laquelle il participa pour la Conquête de Constantinople. Un peu plus tard le sire de Joinville, fidèle compagnon de Saint-Louis, nous donne dans ses Mémoires un récit ému et coloré des événe ments qui se passèrent de son temps.
Messire Jehan Froissart, l'historien de la guerre de cent ans, xiii
xiv BREF APERÇU DE LA LITTÉRATURE FRANÇAISE
paraît ensuite. Il nous expose dans sa Chronique la vie féodale et militaire du XIVe siècle. Il est le miroir où se reflète tout le moyen-
Lisez-le, vous le trouverez toujours exact, toujours varié, tou jours vivant dans ses admirables descriptions. Quelques écrivains brillent alors d'un vif éclat. C'est Christine de Pisan, une femme poète, dont les vers sont pleins de grâce et de délicatesse, et qui défendit la cause des femmes attaquées par Jean de Meung. C'est Alain Chartier, lequel, vivement ému des malheurs de la France après le désastre d'Azincourt, contribue par son éloquence à relever le courage de ses concitoyens, et dont Le Quadriloge invectif peut être considéré comme la pure manifestation du patriotisme et de l'honneur national. C'est Eustache Deschamps. C'est enfin Olivier Basselin, qui, foulon de son métier, improvise, le verre en main, ces chansons lesquelles, si connues sous le nom de Vaux de Vire, seront l'origine du vaudeville.
Nous ne saurions quitter cette époque sans rappeler qu'après les Miracles, auxquels ils succédèrent, les Mystères eurent une grande vogue pendant le moyen-âge, et marquent le commencement du théâtre tragique moderne. La première représentation en langue vulgaire date du XIe siècle : c'est Le Mystère des Vierges folles et des
Vierges sages. Les mystères, qui devinrent de plus en plus riches et nombreux pendant les siècles suivants, étaient le privilège exclusif des Confréries de la Passion. Plus tard, les Clercs de la Basoche créèrent un genre nouveau, les Moralités, qui contenait en germe la comédie. Et la~sotie, petit poème lyrique des trouvères et des jongleurs, se transforme, à la fin du moyen-âge, en théâtre dramatique avec les Enfants-sans-souci, réunion de jeunes artistes parisiens, dont le chef prenait le titre de Prince des sots. Quant aux farces, autre transformation des anciens mystères, dont les plus célèbres sont L'Archer de Bagnelot et L'Avocat Patelin, elles con tinueront à occuper le théâtre jusqu'au siècle de Louis XIV.
Le XVe siècle s'honore de trois grandes figures: Charles d'Orléans, François Villon et Commines. Le premier, Charles d'Orléans, fait prisonnier à la bataille d'Azincourt et emmené en Angleterre, charme les loisirs de sa captivité par la culture des belles-lettres, et nous laisse des poésies qui se distinguent par leur
âge.
