Plutarch
which are extant, have for their subject the com-
(1.
(1.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
Aen.
ix.
696.
(L. S. ) Lysippus.
[P. S. )
ANTIPHEMUS ('Arrionuos), the Rhodian, ANTIPHON ( Arriowv). 1. The most ancient
founder of Gela, B. C. 690. The colony was com among the ten Attic orators contained in the Alex-
posed of Rhodians and Cretans, the latter led by andrine canon, was a son of Sophilus the Sophist,
Entimus the Cretan (Thuc. vi. 4, and Schol. ad and born at Rhamnus in Attica in B. C. 480. (Plut.
Pind. Ol. ii. 14), the former chiefly from Liridus Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, b. ; Philostrat. Vit. Soph. i.
(Herod. vii. 153), and to this town Antiphemus 15. & 1; Phot. Cod. p. 485; Suid. s. v. ; Eudoc.
bimself (Philostephanus, ap. Athen. vii. p. 297, f. ) p. 5. 9. ) He was a man of eminent talent and a
belonged. From the Etym. Magn. (s: v. réra) firm character (Thucyd. viii. 68; Plut. Nic. 6),
and Aristaenetus in Steph. Byzantinus (s. v. réna) and is said to have been educated partly by his
it appears the tale ran, that he and his brother father and partly by Pythodorus, while according
Lacius, the founder of Phaselis, were, when at to others he owed his education to none but him-
Delphi, suddenly bid to go forth, one eastward, self. When he was a young man, the fame of
one westward; and from his laughing at the unex- Gorgias was at its height. The object of Gorgias'
pected response, the city took its name. From sophistical school of oratory was more to dazzle and
Pausanias (viii. 46. & 2) we hear of his taking the captivate the hearer by brilliancy of diction and
Sicanian town of Omphace, and carrying off from rhetorical artifices than to produce a solid convic-
it a statue made by Daedalus. Müller (Dor. i. 6. tion based upon sound arguments; it was, in short,
&S 5, 6) considers him a mythical person. (See a school for show-speeches, and the practical pur-
Bockh, Comm. ad Pind. p. 115; Clinton, F. H. poses of oratory in the courts of justice and the
B. C. 690; Hermann, Pol. Antiq. $ 85; Göller, popular assembly lay beyond its sphere. Anti-
de Orig. Syracus. p. 265. ) (A. H. C. ]
phon perceived this deficiency, and formed a higher
ANTI'PHILUS, an ARCHITECT, built, in con- and more practical view of the art to which he de-
junction with Pothaeus and Megacles, the treasury voted himself; that is, he wished to produce con-
of the Carthaginiansat Olympia. (Paus. vi. 19. $ 4. ) viction in the minds of the hearers by means of a
His age and country are unknown. (P. S. ) thorough examination of the subjects proposed,
ANTI'PHILUS ('Avripidos), an Athenian and this not with a view to the narrow limits of
general, was appointed as the successor of Leos the school, but to the courts and the assembly:
thenes in the Lamian war, B. C. 323, and gained a Hence the ancients call Antiphon the inventor of
d. )
Cats
hed
乎
## p. 206 (#226) ############################################
206
ANTIPHON.
ANTIPHON.
:
public oratory, or state that he raised it to a higher them. (Dionys. de l'erb. Comp. 10, de Isaco, 20. )
position. (Philostr. l'it. Soph. i. 15. & 2; Hermog. The want of freshness and gracefulness is very
de Form. Orat. ii. p. 498 ; comp. Quintil
. iii. 1. $ 1; obvious in the orations still extant, but more espe-
Diod.
ap. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 365. ) Antiphon cially in those actually spoken by Antiphon's clients.
was thus the first who regulated practical eloquence (No. 1, 14, and 15. ) His language is pure and
by certain theoretical laws, and he opened a school correct, and in the three ortions mentioned above,
in which he taught rhetoric. Thucydides, the of remarkable clearness. The treatment and solu-
historian, a pupil of Antiphon, speaks of his tion of the point at issue are always striking and
master with the highest esteem, and many of interesting. (Dionys. Jud. de Thucyd. 51, Deinosth.
the excellencies of his style are ascribed by the 8; Phot. p. 485. )
ancients to the influence of Antiphon. (Schol. ad The ancients possessed sixty orations of different
Thuc. iv. p. 312, ed. Bekker; comp. Dionys. Hal kinds which went by the name of Antiphon, but
de Comp. Verb. 10. ) At the same time, Antiphon Caecilius, a rhetorician of the Augustan age, de-
occupied himself with writing speeches for others, clared twenty-five to be spurious. (Plut. Vil. X.
who delivered them in the courts of justice; and Orat. p. 833, b. ; Phot. I. c. )
We now possess
as he was the first who received money for such only fifteen orations of Antiphon, three of which
orations--a practice which subsequently became were written by him for others, viz. No. 1. Karn-
quite general – he was severely attacked and ridi-γορία φαρμακείας κατά της μητρυιάς ; Νο. 14. Περί
culed, especially by the comic writers, Plato and Toû 'Hpadov pórov, and No. 15. Tepà Toù xopevtoŲ.
Peisander. (Philostr. I. c. ; Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. The remaining twelve were written as specimens
833, c. ) These attacks, however, may also have for his school or exercises on fictitious cases. They
been owing to his political opinions, for he belonged are a peculiar phenomenon in the history of ancient
to the oligarchical party. This unpopularity, to oratory, for they are divided into three tetralogies,
gether with his own reserved character, prevented each of which consists of four orations, two accusa-
his ever appearing as a speaker either in the courts tions and two defences on the same subject. The
or the assembly; and the only time he spoke in subject of the first tetralogy is a murder, the per-
public was in B. c. 411, when he defended himself petrator of which is yet unknown ; that of the
against the charge of treachery. (Thuc. viii. 68; second an unpremeditated murder; and that of the
Lys. c. Eratosth. p. 427; Cic. Brut. 12. )
third a murder committed in self-defence. The clear-
The history of Antiphon's career as a politician ness which distinguishes his other three orations is
is for the most part involved in great obscurity, not perceptible in these tetralogies, which arises in
which is in a great measure owing to the fact, that part from the corrupt and mutilated state in which
Antiphon the orator is frequently confounded by they have come down to us. A great number of
ancient writers with Antiphon the interpreter of the orations of Antiphon, and in fact all those
signs, and Antiphon the tragic poet.
Plutarch which are extant, have for their subject the com-
(1. c. ) and Philostratus (Vit. Soph. i. 15. $ 1) men mission of a murder, whence they are sometimes
tion some events in which he was engaged, but referred to under the name of Toyoi poviKoſ. (Her-
Thucydides seems to have known nothing about mog. de Form. Orat. p. 496, &c. ; Ammon. s. e.
them. The only part of his public life of which everunua. ) The genuineness of the extant orations
the detail is known, is that connected with the has been the subject of much discussion, but the
revolution of B. C. 411, and the establishment of best critics are at present pretty nearly agreed that
the oligarchical government of the Four Hundred. all are really the works of Antiphon. As to the
The person chiefly instrumental in bringing it historical or antiquarian value of the three real
about was Peisander ; but, according to the express speeches--the tetralogies must be left out of the
testimony of Thucydides, Antiphon was the man question here-it must be remarked, that they
who had done everything to prepare the change, contain more information than any other ancient
and had drawn up the plan of it. (Comp. Philostr. work respecting the mode of proceeding in the
1. C. ; Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, f. ) On the over- criminal courts of Athens. All the orations of
throw of the oligarchical government six months Antiphon are printed in the collections of the Attic
after its establishment, Antiphon was brought to orators edited by Aldus, H. Stephens, Reiske,
trial for having attempted to negotiate peace with Bekker, Dobson, and others. The best separate
Sparta, and was condemned to death. His speech editions are those of Baiter and Sauppe, Zürich,
in defence of himself is stated by Thucydides (viii. 1838, 16mo. , and of E. Mätzner, Berlin, 1838, 8vo.
68 ; comp. Cic. Brut. 12) to have been the ablest Besides these orations, the ancients ascribe to
that was ever made by any man in similar circum- Antiphon, 1. A Rhetoric (Téxon Stopind) in three
It is now lost, but was known to the books. (Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, d. ; Phot. I. c. ;
ancients, and is referred to by Harpocration (s. v. Quintil. iü. ). S 10. ) When it is said, that he
στασιώτης), who calls it λόγος περί μεταστάσεως. I was the first who wrote a work on rhetoric, this
His property was confiscated, his house razed to statement must be limited to the theory of oratory
the ground, and on the site of it a tablet was in the courts of justice and in the assembly ; for
erected with the inscription "Antiphon the traitor. " treatises on the art of composing show-speeches
His remains were not allowed to be buried in Artic had been written by several sophists before him.
ground, his children, as well as any one who should The work is occasionally referred to by ancient
adopt then, were punished with atimia. (Plut. l. c. ) rhetoricians and grammarians, but it is now lost.
As an orator, Antiphon was highly esteemed by 2. Tipoolula kal ériaoyo, seem to have been model
the ancients. Hermogenes (de Form. Orat. p. 497) speeches or exercises for the use of himself or his
says of his orations, that they were clear, true in scholars, and it is not improbable that his tetralo-
the expression of feeling, and faithful to nature, gies may hare belonged to them. (Suid. s. rv. & uan
and consequently convincing. Others say, that aldnotai, uoxonpós ; Phot. Lex. s. r. moxonpós. )
his orations were beautiful but not graceful, or The best modern works on Antiphon are: P. van
that they had something austere or antique about / Spaan (Ruhnken), Dissertatio historica de Auto-
stances.
v.
## p. 207 (#227) ############################################
ANTIPHON.
207
ANTISTHENES.
phonte, Oratore Attico, Leyden, 1765, 4to. , reprinted 7. A Greek author, who wrote an account of
in Ruhnken's Opuscula, and in Reiske's and Dob men distinguished for virtue (nepl twv év apetin
Bon's Greek orators; Taylor, Lect. Lysiuc. vii. p. *PWTEVOÁVtwv), one of whom was Pythagoras.
268, &c. , ed. Reisko; Westermann, Geschichte der (Diog. Laërt. viii. 3 ; Porphyr. de Vit. Pythag. p. 9. )
Griech. Bered samkeit, SS 40 and 41.
8. A writer on agriculturc, mentioned by Athe-
2. A tragic poet, whom Plutarch (Vit. X. Orat. naeus. (xiv. p. 650. )
(L. S. )
p. 833), Philostratus (l'it. Soph. i. 15. § 3), and ANTIPHUS ('ALT100s). 1. A son of Priam
others, confound with the Attic orator Anti- and Hecuba. (Hom. I. iv. 490 ; Apollod. iii. 12.
phon, who was put to death at Athens in B. C. $ 5. ) While he was tending the flocks on mount
411.
Now Antiphon the tragic poet lived at 1da with his brother Isus, he was made prisoner
Syracuse, at the court of the elder Dionysius, by Achilles, but was restored to freedom after a
who did not assume the tyranny till the year ransom was given for him. He afterwards fell by
B. C. 406, that is, five years after the death of the hands of Agamemnon. (Hom. Il. ix. 101, &c. )
the Attic orator. The poet Antiphon is said to 2. A son of Thessalus, and one of the Greek
tyrant, who is not known to have shewn his pas joined the Greeks with thirty ships, and com-
sion for writing poetry until the latter period of manded the men of Carpathos, Casos, Cos, and
his life. These circumstances alone, if there were other islands. (Hom. I. ii. 675, &c. ) According
not many others, would shew that the orator and to Hyginus (Fab. 97) he was a son of Mnesylus
the poet were two different persons, and that the and Chalciope. Four other mythical personages of
latter must have survived the former many years. this name are mentioned in Hom. Il. ii. 846, Oi.
The poet was put to death by the tyrant, accord- ii. 19, xvii. 68; Apollod. i. 7. $ 3. (L. S. )
ing to some accounts, for having used a sarcastic ANTI'STATES, CALLAESCHRUS, ANTI-
expression in regard to tyranny, or, according to MA'CHIDES, and PORI'NOS, were the archi-
others, for baving imprudently censured the ty- tects who laid the foundations of the temple of
rant's compositions. (Plut. , Philostr. U. cc. ; Aris Zeus Olympius at Athens, under Peisistratus.
tot. Rhet. ü. 6. ) We still know the titles of five (Vitruv. vii. Praef. $ 15. )
[P. S. )
of Antiphon's tragedies: viz. Meleager, Andro- ANTI'STHENES ('AVTio Oévms), an AGRIGEN-
mache, Medein, Jason, and Philoctetes. (Bode, TINE, is mentioned by Diodorus (xiii. 84) as an
Gesch. der Dram. Dichtk. der Hellen. i. p. 554, &c. ) instance of the immense wealth which private citi-
3. Of Athens, a sophist and an epic poet. zens possessed at Agrigentum. When his daughter
Suidas, who says that he was surnamed noyo- was married, more than 800 carriages went in the
máveipus, and others state, that he occupied him- nuptial procession.
self with the interpretation of signs. He wrote ANTI'STHENES ('Artionévns), a Cynic
a work on the interpretation of dreams, which philosopher, the son of Antisthenes, an Athenian,
is referred to by Artemidorus, Cicero, and others. was the founder of the sect of the Cynics, which
(Artemid.
(L. S. ) Lysippus.
[P. S. )
ANTIPHEMUS ('Arrionuos), the Rhodian, ANTIPHON ( Arriowv). 1. The most ancient
founder of Gela, B. C. 690. The colony was com among the ten Attic orators contained in the Alex-
posed of Rhodians and Cretans, the latter led by andrine canon, was a son of Sophilus the Sophist,
Entimus the Cretan (Thuc. vi. 4, and Schol. ad and born at Rhamnus in Attica in B. C. 480. (Plut.
Pind. Ol. ii. 14), the former chiefly from Liridus Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, b. ; Philostrat. Vit. Soph. i.
(Herod. vii. 153), and to this town Antiphemus 15. & 1; Phot. Cod. p. 485; Suid. s. v. ; Eudoc.
bimself (Philostephanus, ap. Athen. vii. p. 297, f. ) p. 5. 9. ) He was a man of eminent talent and a
belonged. From the Etym. Magn. (s: v. réra) firm character (Thucyd. viii. 68; Plut. Nic. 6),
and Aristaenetus in Steph. Byzantinus (s. v. réna) and is said to have been educated partly by his
it appears the tale ran, that he and his brother father and partly by Pythodorus, while according
Lacius, the founder of Phaselis, were, when at to others he owed his education to none but him-
Delphi, suddenly bid to go forth, one eastward, self. When he was a young man, the fame of
one westward; and from his laughing at the unex- Gorgias was at its height. The object of Gorgias'
pected response, the city took its name. From sophistical school of oratory was more to dazzle and
Pausanias (viii. 46. & 2) we hear of his taking the captivate the hearer by brilliancy of diction and
Sicanian town of Omphace, and carrying off from rhetorical artifices than to produce a solid convic-
it a statue made by Daedalus. Müller (Dor. i. 6. tion based upon sound arguments; it was, in short,
&S 5, 6) considers him a mythical person. (See a school for show-speeches, and the practical pur-
Bockh, Comm. ad Pind. p. 115; Clinton, F. H. poses of oratory in the courts of justice and the
B. C. 690; Hermann, Pol. Antiq. $ 85; Göller, popular assembly lay beyond its sphere. Anti-
de Orig. Syracus. p. 265. ) (A. H. C. ]
phon perceived this deficiency, and formed a higher
ANTI'PHILUS, an ARCHITECT, built, in con- and more practical view of the art to which he de-
junction with Pothaeus and Megacles, the treasury voted himself; that is, he wished to produce con-
of the Carthaginiansat Olympia. (Paus. vi. 19. $ 4. ) viction in the minds of the hearers by means of a
His age and country are unknown. (P. S. ) thorough examination of the subjects proposed,
ANTI'PHILUS ('Avripidos), an Athenian and this not with a view to the narrow limits of
general, was appointed as the successor of Leos the school, but to the courts and the assembly:
thenes in the Lamian war, B. C. 323, and gained a Hence the ancients call Antiphon the inventor of
d. )
Cats
hed
乎
## p. 206 (#226) ############################################
206
ANTIPHON.
ANTIPHON.
:
public oratory, or state that he raised it to a higher them. (Dionys. de l'erb. Comp. 10, de Isaco, 20. )
position. (Philostr. l'it. Soph. i. 15. & 2; Hermog. The want of freshness and gracefulness is very
de Form. Orat. ii. p. 498 ; comp. Quintil
. iii. 1. $ 1; obvious in the orations still extant, but more espe-
Diod.
ap. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 365. ) Antiphon cially in those actually spoken by Antiphon's clients.
was thus the first who regulated practical eloquence (No. 1, 14, and 15. ) His language is pure and
by certain theoretical laws, and he opened a school correct, and in the three ortions mentioned above,
in which he taught rhetoric. Thucydides, the of remarkable clearness. The treatment and solu-
historian, a pupil of Antiphon, speaks of his tion of the point at issue are always striking and
master with the highest esteem, and many of interesting. (Dionys. Jud. de Thucyd. 51, Deinosth.
the excellencies of his style are ascribed by the 8; Phot. p. 485. )
ancients to the influence of Antiphon. (Schol. ad The ancients possessed sixty orations of different
Thuc. iv. p. 312, ed. Bekker; comp. Dionys. Hal kinds which went by the name of Antiphon, but
de Comp. Verb. 10. ) At the same time, Antiphon Caecilius, a rhetorician of the Augustan age, de-
occupied himself with writing speeches for others, clared twenty-five to be spurious. (Plut. Vil. X.
who delivered them in the courts of justice; and Orat. p. 833, b. ; Phot. I. c. )
We now possess
as he was the first who received money for such only fifteen orations of Antiphon, three of which
orations--a practice which subsequently became were written by him for others, viz. No. 1. Karn-
quite general – he was severely attacked and ridi-γορία φαρμακείας κατά της μητρυιάς ; Νο. 14. Περί
culed, especially by the comic writers, Plato and Toû 'Hpadov pórov, and No. 15. Tepà Toù xopevtoŲ.
Peisander. (Philostr. I. c. ; Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. The remaining twelve were written as specimens
833, c. ) These attacks, however, may also have for his school or exercises on fictitious cases. They
been owing to his political opinions, for he belonged are a peculiar phenomenon in the history of ancient
to the oligarchical party. This unpopularity, to oratory, for they are divided into three tetralogies,
gether with his own reserved character, prevented each of which consists of four orations, two accusa-
his ever appearing as a speaker either in the courts tions and two defences on the same subject. The
or the assembly; and the only time he spoke in subject of the first tetralogy is a murder, the per-
public was in B. c. 411, when he defended himself petrator of which is yet unknown ; that of the
against the charge of treachery. (Thuc. viii. 68; second an unpremeditated murder; and that of the
Lys. c. Eratosth. p. 427; Cic. Brut. 12. )
third a murder committed in self-defence. The clear-
The history of Antiphon's career as a politician ness which distinguishes his other three orations is
is for the most part involved in great obscurity, not perceptible in these tetralogies, which arises in
which is in a great measure owing to the fact, that part from the corrupt and mutilated state in which
Antiphon the orator is frequently confounded by they have come down to us. A great number of
ancient writers with Antiphon the interpreter of the orations of Antiphon, and in fact all those
signs, and Antiphon the tragic poet.
Plutarch which are extant, have for their subject the com-
(1. c. ) and Philostratus (Vit. Soph. i. 15. $ 1) men mission of a murder, whence they are sometimes
tion some events in which he was engaged, but referred to under the name of Toyoi poviKoſ. (Her-
Thucydides seems to have known nothing about mog. de Form. Orat. p. 496, &c. ; Ammon. s. e.
them. The only part of his public life of which everunua. ) The genuineness of the extant orations
the detail is known, is that connected with the has been the subject of much discussion, but the
revolution of B. C. 411, and the establishment of best critics are at present pretty nearly agreed that
the oligarchical government of the Four Hundred. all are really the works of Antiphon. As to the
The person chiefly instrumental in bringing it historical or antiquarian value of the three real
about was Peisander ; but, according to the express speeches--the tetralogies must be left out of the
testimony of Thucydides, Antiphon was the man question here-it must be remarked, that they
who had done everything to prepare the change, contain more information than any other ancient
and had drawn up the plan of it. (Comp. Philostr. work respecting the mode of proceeding in the
1. C. ; Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, f. ) On the over- criminal courts of Athens. All the orations of
throw of the oligarchical government six months Antiphon are printed in the collections of the Attic
after its establishment, Antiphon was brought to orators edited by Aldus, H. Stephens, Reiske,
trial for having attempted to negotiate peace with Bekker, Dobson, and others. The best separate
Sparta, and was condemned to death. His speech editions are those of Baiter and Sauppe, Zürich,
in defence of himself is stated by Thucydides (viii. 1838, 16mo. , and of E. Mätzner, Berlin, 1838, 8vo.
68 ; comp. Cic. Brut. 12) to have been the ablest Besides these orations, the ancients ascribe to
that was ever made by any man in similar circum- Antiphon, 1. A Rhetoric (Téxon Stopind) in three
It is now lost, but was known to the books. (Plut. Vit. X. Orat. p. 832, d. ; Phot. I. c. ;
ancients, and is referred to by Harpocration (s. v. Quintil. iü. ). S 10. ) When it is said, that he
στασιώτης), who calls it λόγος περί μεταστάσεως. I was the first who wrote a work on rhetoric, this
His property was confiscated, his house razed to statement must be limited to the theory of oratory
the ground, and on the site of it a tablet was in the courts of justice and in the assembly ; for
erected with the inscription "Antiphon the traitor. " treatises on the art of composing show-speeches
His remains were not allowed to be buried in Artic had been written by several sophists before him.
ground, his children, as well as any one who should The work is occasionally referred to by ancient
adopt then, were punished with atimia. (Plut. l. c. ) rhetoricians and grammarians, but it is now lost.
As an orator, Antiphon was highly esteemed by 2. Tipoolula kal ériaoyo, seem to have been model
the ancients. Hermogenes (de Form. Orat. p. 497) speeches or exercises for the use of himself or his
says of his orations, that they were clear, true in scholars, and it is not improbable that his tetralo-
the expression of feeling, and faithful to nature, gies may hare belonged to them. (Suid. s. rv. & uan
and consequently convincing. Others say, that aldnotai, uoxonpós ; Phot. Lex. s. r. moxonpós. )
his orations were beautiful but not graceful, or The best modern works on Antiphon are: P. van
that they had something austere or antique about / Spaan (Ruhnken), Dissertatio historica de Auto-
stances.
v.
## p. 207 (#227) ############################################
ANTIPHON.
207
ANTISTHENES.
phonte, Oratore Attico, Leyden, 1765, 4to. , reprinted 7. A Greek author, who wrote an account of
in Ruhnken's Opuscula, and in Reiske's and Dob men distinguished for virtue (nepl twv év apetin
Bon's Greek orators; Taylor, Lect. Lysiuc. vii. p. *PWTEVOÁVtwv), one of whom was Pythagoras.
268, &c. , ed. Reisko; Westermann, Geschichte der (Diog. Laërt. viii. 3 ; Porphyr. de Vit. Pythag. p. 9. )
Griech. Bered samkeit, SS 40 and 41.
8. A writer on agriculturc, mentioned by Athe-
2. A tragic poet, whom Plutarch (Vit. X. Orat. naeus. (xiv. p. 650. )
(L. S. )
p. 833), Philostratus (l'it. Soph. i. 15. § 3), and ANTIPHUS ('ALT100s). 1. A son of Priam
others, confound with the Attic orator Anti- and Hecuba. (Hom. I. iv. 490 ; Apollod. iii. 12.
phon, who was put to death at Athens in B. C. $ 5. ) While he was tending the flocks on mount
411.
Now Antiphon the tragic poet lived at 1da with his brother Isus, he was made prisoner
Syracuse, at the court of the elder Dionysius, by Achilles, but was restored to freedom after a
who did not assume the tyranny till the year ransom was given for him. He afterwards fell by
B. C. 406, that is, five years after the death of the hands of Agamemnon. (Hom. Il. ix. 101, &c. )
the Attic orator. The poet Antiphon is said to 2. A son of Thessalus, and one of the Greek
tyrant, who is not known to have shewn his pas joined the Greeks with thirty ships, and com-
sion for writing poetry until the latter period of manded the men of Carpathos, Casos, Cos, and
his life. These circumstances alone, if there were other islands. (Hom. I. ii. 675, &c. ) According
not many others, would shew that the orator and to Hyginus (Fab. 97) he was a son of Mnesylus
the poet were two different persons, and that the and Chalciope. Four other mythical personages of
latter must have survived the former many years. this name are mentioned in Hom. Il. ii. 846, Oi.
The poet was put to death by the tyrant, accord- ii. 19, xvii. 68; Apollod. i. 7. $ 3. (L. S. )
ing to some accounts, for having used a sarcastic ANTI'STATES, CALLAESCHRUS, ANTI-
expression in regard to tyranny, or, according to MA'CHIDES, and PORI'NOS, were the archi-
others, for baving imprudently censured the ty- tects who laid the foundations of the temple of
rant's compositions. (Plut. , Philostr. U. cc. ; Aris Zeus Olympius at Athens, under Peisistratus.
tot. Rhet. ü. 6. ) We still know the titles of five (Vitruv. vii. Praef. $ 15. )
[P. S. )
of Antiphon's tragedies: viz. Meleager, Andro- ANTI'STHENES ('AVTio Oévms), an AGRIGEN-
mache, Medein, Jason, and Philoctetes. (Bode, TINE, is mentioned by Diodorus (xiii. 84) as an
Gesch. der Dram. Dichtk. der Hellen. i. p. 554, &c. ) instance of the immense wealth which private citi-
3. Of Athens, a sophist and an epic poet. zens possessed at Agrigentum. When his daughter
Suidas, who says that he was surnamed noyo- was married, more than 800 carriages went in the
máveipus, and others state, that he occupied him- nuptial procession.
self with the interpretation of signs. He wrote ANTI'STHENES ('Artionévns), a Cynic
a work on the interpretation of dreams, which philosopher, the son of Antisthenes, an Athenian,
is referred to by Artemidorus, Cicero, and others. was the founder of the sect of the Cynics, which
(Artemid.
