He wrote besides : Persian workhouse girl, and "Worth While) (1896),
Letters) (1721), a satire on French society; have been favorably received.
Letters) (1721), a satire on French society; have been favorably received.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v26 to v30 - Tur to Zor and Index
His
principal work, A Spiritual Guide) (1675),
maintained that godliness consists in uninter-
rupted communion with God through contem-
plation - the doctrine called "Quietism. This
being thought to imperil the doctrine of good
actions, the book was condemned (1687); and
in spite of recanting, he was imprisoned for
life, dying in confinement.
Möller, Peter Ludwig (mėl'ler). A Danish
poet and art critic; born at Aalborg, April 18,
1814; died at Rouen, Dec. 7, 1865. He spent
the last fifteen years of his life in Paris. He
published Lyrical Poems) (1840); Critical
Sketches) (1847); Pictures and Songs) (1847);
(Falling of the Leaves) (1855, under the pseu.
donym of «Otto Sommer”); and the interesting
work Modern Comedy in France and Den-
mark) (1858).
a
.
## p. 387 (#403) ############################################
MÖLLER - MONROE
387
Möller, Poul Martin. A Danish poet, nov.
elist, and philosophical writer; born at Veile,
March 21, 1794; died at Copenhagen, March
13, 1838. He was professor of philosophy, at
Christiania, Norway, 1828–31, and at Copenha-
gen in 1831. Of a number of fine lyrics, the
best-known was his "Joy over Denmark. In
fiction he wrote (Eyvind the Skald, (A Danish
Student's Adventure,' etc. His philosophical
writings are contained in his (Posthumous
Works) (3d ed. 1856). He wrote also Notes
Taken on a Journey to China. Poetry and
Prose,' selections, appeared in 1891.
Moltke, Count Hellmuth Karl Bernhard
von (molt'kė). The famous Prussian field-mar-
shal; born at Parchim, Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
Oct. 26, 1800; died at Berlin, April 24, 1891.
Having reorganized the Prussian army (1858–
63), he won the Franco-Prussian war, 1870–71;
became field-marshal, 1871; life member of the
Prussian Upper House, 1872. He published :
(The Russo-Turkish Campaign, 1828-29) (2d
ed. 1877); “History of the Franco-Prussian War)
(1891); "Letters) (1892); "Letters on Conditions
in Turkey) (6th ed. 1893); etc. (Works, 1891-
93. Military Works, 1892-93).
Mommsen, Theodor (mom'zen). A famous
German historian; born at Garding, Schleswig,
Nov. 30, 1817. He was professor of law at
Leipzig, 1848–50; of Roman law, at Zürich
1852-54, at Breslau 1854-58; of ancient history
at Berlin, 1858; member of the Prussian House
of Delegates. His great work is (Roman His.
tory) (1854-56; 8th ed. 1888–89; vol. 5, 3d ed.
1886). He has written besides, Roman Chro-
nology down to Cæsar' (2d ed. 1859); History
of Roman Coinage) (1860); (Roman Investi.
gations) (1864-79); “History of Roman Political
Law) (3d ed. 1888). He was editor-in-chief of
the great Body of Latin Inscriptions) (15 vols.
and supplement, 1863-93). His historical work
incorporates the results of vast learning in
widely severed fields. *
Monboddo, James Burnet, Lord (mon-bod'.
do). A distinguished Scottish judge and phil-
osophical writer; born at Monboddo, 1714;
died at Edinburgh, May 26, 1799. He wrote:
Dissertation on Language) (6 vols. , 1773-92),
and Ancient Metaphysics) (6 vols. , 1779-99);
both works upholding the theory that the hu-
man race was developed from simian stock.
Monier-Williams, Sir Monier. An English
Orientalist; born at Bombay, India, 1819. He
was professor of Sanskrit at Haileybury Col-
lege 1844-58, Cheltenham College 1858-60, Ox-
ford 1860. His books include : Sanskrit gram-
mars (1846 and 1860); English-Sanskrit (1851)
and Sanskrit-English (1872) dictionaries; edi-
tions of Kālidāsa's Çakuntalā (1853) — which he
introduced to the English-speaking world –
and other Sanskrit texts; (Rudiments of Hin-
dustani) (1858); (Indian Epic Poetry) (1863);
"Indian Wisdom (1875); "Hinduism (1877);
(Modern India and the Indians) (1878); (Reli-
gious Thought and Life in India (1883); (The
Holy Bible and the Sacred Books of the East)
(1887); and (Buddhism in its Connection with
Brahminism and Hinduism, and in its Contrast
with Christianity) — the Duff Lectures (1889).
Monkhouse, William Cosmo. An English
art critic, poet, and novelist. Among his works
are : (A Dream of Idleness) (1865), verse ; (A
Question of Honor) (1868), a novel; (Master-
pieces of English Art) (1868); “Turner) (1879,
in the "Great Artists) series); Italian Pre-
Raphaelites) (1887); etc.
Monnier, Marc (mo-nyā'). A French scholar
and miscellaneous writer; born at Florence,
Italy, Dec. 7, 1827; died at Geneva, April 18,
1885. He was professor of comparative liter-
ature at Geneva. Among his works were: 'Is
Italy the Land of the Dead ? ) (1830), which
made a sensation; 'Permitted Loves) (1861), a
novel; (Figaro's Ancestors) (1868), an essay
in dramatic history; (Plays for Marionettes)
(1871); (Geneva and its Poets' (1874); "Popu-
lar Tales in Italy) (1880); "History of Modern
Literature) (2 vols. , 1884-85); and in verse
(Lucioles) (1863), (Poems) (1872).
Monod, Gabriel Jacques Jean (mõ-no'). A
distinguished French historian; born at Ingou-
ville, near Havre, May 7, 1844. Since 1880
he has been a lecturer at the Normal School,
Paris. Chiefly noted for his researches in me-
diæval history, he has published: (Germans
and French) (1872); (Jules Michelet) (1875);
Critical Studies on the Sources of Merovin-
gian History' (1872-85); the school text-books,
(Short Universal History) (1883), with M. G.
Dhombre, and History of France to Louis
XI. ” (1884), with P. Boudois; (Bibliography of
the History of France) (1888), indispensable
to the student; a translation of J. R. Green's
(History of the English People' (with his
brother, A. M. Monod); articles in French and
English reviews; etc.
Monroe, Harriet. An American poet and
biographer; born 18—. She has written (Co-
lumbian Ode) (1893), composed for the open-
ing celebration of the World's Columbian Ex-
position ; (John Wellborn Root' (1896), a study
of his life and work.
Monroe, James. The fifth President of the
United States; born in Westmoreland County,
Va. , April 28, 1758; died in New York, July 4,
1831. He served in the Revolutionary War,
was useful to his State and country in many
conspicuous positions, and was President of the
United States for two terms, 1817-25. The time
of his administration is known as the era of
good feeling," from the lack of party divisions,
the Federalist party having been absorbed in
the Democratic. Among its chief events were
the acquisition of Florida, 1819; the Missouri
Compromise, 1820; and the statement of the
(Monroe Doctrine, 1823. He published : 'Con-
duct of the Executive in the Foreign Affairs
of the United States) (1798); (Tour of Obser-
vation through the North-Eastern and North-
Western States) (1818); (The People the Sov-
ereigns'; etc.
(
## p. 388 (#404) ############################################
388
MONSELL - MONTEMAYOR
Monsell, James Samuel Bewley. An Eng.
lish divine and hymn-writer; born at St. Co-
lumb's, Derry, Ireland, March 2, 1811; died
April 9, 1875, at Guildford, England, his final
church living. Among his popular publica-
tions of devotional poetry were : (Parish Mus-
ings) (7th ed. 1863); (Hymns of Love and
Praise) (2d ed. 1866); (The Passing Bell, and
Other Poems) (2d ed. 1869); (Simon the Cyre.
nian, and Other Poems) (new ed. 1876); “Spir-
itual Songs) (6th ed. 1887).
Montagu, Mrs. (Elizabeth Robinson). An
English social leader and letter-writer; born
at York, Oct. 2, 1720; died in London, Aug.
25, 1800. She married Edward Montagu, grand-
son of the fifth Earl of Sandwich. She gave
every year a famous dinner to the London
chimney-sweeps. Her residence in Portman
Square was the meeting-place of the celebrated
« Blue-Stocking Club (origin of this famous
term). Among her visitors and associates were
Lord Lyttelton, Burke, Garrick, Sir Joshua
Reynolds, Hannah More, Fanny Burney, etc.
She wrote three of the dialogues in Lord
Lyttelton's Dialogues of the Dead (4th ed.
1765); “The Genius of Shakespeare' (1769), an
essay; Letters) (4 vols. , 1809), her best-known
work.
Montagu, Mary Wortley, Lady. A famous
English letter-writer; born at Thoresby, Notts,
May 26, 1689; died in England, Aug. 21, 1762.
Her high birth (eldest daughter of an earl
afterwards duke) gave her brilliant wit and
literary gifts national fame. Accompanying
her husband (grandson of the first Earl of
Sandwich, and the richest commoner in Eng.
land) to Constantinople, where he was minister
to the Porte (1716-17), she assisted in intro-
ducing from the East into England the prac-
tice of inoculation. At one time the friend of
Pope, she quarreled with him afterward. From
1739 to 1762, having left her husband, she was
again abroad, settling in 1758 at Venice. Her
"Letters,' with a life, appear in her works
(3d ed. 1887). *
Montague, Charles Howard. An American
journalist and novelist ; born in Massachusetts,
1858; died 1889. He was one of the editors of
the Boston Globe. He wrote: Romance of the
Lilies) (1886); (The Face of Rosenfel (1888);
(Countess Muta); etc.
Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de (môn-tān').
The famous French moral philosopher; born at
Château Montaigne, Périgord, Feb. 28, 1533;
died Sept. 13, 1592. Having originally studied
law, he became a courtier in 1559; was attached
to the person of Henry III. , 1571; traveled in
Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, 1580; was
mayor of Bordeaux 1581-85. His masterpiece
was his "Essays) (1580; 5th ed. during his life-
time, with an added book, 1588; many editions
since, the best being Le Cleve's, 4 vols. , Paris,
1865; the best English translation, Hazlitt's).
They are marked by a doubting or inquiring
spirit, a tolerant and anti-persecuting temper,
and a classic perfection of style. *
Montalembert, Charles Forbes de Tryon,
Comte de (môn-ta-lon-băr'). A noted French
statesman, historian, and orator; born in Lon.
don, May 29, 1810; died in Paris, March 13,
1870. He championed the Catholic and cler-
ical interests. He was a member of the Cham-
ber of Peers in 1835; the National Assembly
1848; the Chamber of Deputies 1848-57. His
principal writings were : Life of St. Elizabeth
of Hungary) (1836); (The Political Future of
England (1855); (The Monks of the West)
(1860-67; 5th ed. 1874-77), his main work; 'Let.
ters to a College Friend' (1874); etc. ("Works,
1861-68. )
Montalván, Juan Pérez de (mon-täl-vän').
A Spanish dramatist and story-writer; born at
Madrid, 1602; died June 25, 1638. He was a
priest at Madrid, and notary of the Inquisition.
His best play, (Teruel's Lovers,' one of the
most popular of Spanish dramas, holds the
stage at the present day. Among his works
were : (Model Novels) (1624); Life and Pur-
gatory of St. Patrick) (1627); "El Para Todos!
(1632), a collection of diverting stories, anec-
dotes, and plays; etc. The best of his dramas
can be seen in Vol. xiv. of Rivadeneyra's (Li-
brary of Spanish Authors) (Madrid, 1881).
Montalvo, Garcia Ordoñez de (mõn-täl'vo).
A Spanish romancer; lived at the end of the
15th century. He was governor of the city of
Medina del Campo. He was the author of the
earliest Spanish version of the famous (Amadis
of Gaul.
Montchrestien, Antoine de (môn-krā-tyan').
A French poet, dramatist, and political econo-
mist; born at Falaise, Normandy, about 1570;
died near Domfront, October 1621. His life
was adventurous and romantic. He wrote a
work on political economy (he is said to have
been the first to introduce the term into French);
several poems, and seven tragedies possessing
merit. (Dramatic Works' Rouen, last ed.
1007. )
Montégut, Émile (môn-tā-gü'). A French
journalist and miscellaneous writer; born at
Limoges, June 24, 1825. He became a chev-
alier of the Legion of Honor in 1865. He
has published in book form “The Netherlands:
Impressions of Travel and Art) (1869); (Poets
and Artists of Italy) (1881); 'Literary Types
and Æsthetic Fancies) (1882); Books and
People of the Orient) (1885); "Critical Mis-
cellanies) (1887); (A Critic's Reading Hours)
(1891); etc.
Montemayor, Jorge de (mõn-tā-mä-yor'). A
celebrated Spanish romance-writer and poet ;
born at Montemayor, Portugal, about 1520; died
at Turin, Feb. 26, 1561. When a young man
he was in the army; afterward, being a skill-
ful musician, was attached to the traveling
chapel of the prince of Spain (later Philip II. ),
visiting several countries, particularly Italy and
Flanders. His principal work was the famous
Diana Enamorada) (Diana in Love,' 1542;
latest ed. Madrid, 1795), the most popular
a
## p. 389 (#405) ############################################
MONTEPIN – MOORE
389
Spanish pastoral romance since (Amadis of
a grand poem in four cantos on the death of
Gaul. ' It furnished the model for Sir Philip Hugo Basville ; (Mascheroniana, a poem on
Sidney's Arcadia. ((Works, Antwerp, 1554; the death of the mathematician Mascheroni;
several editions since. )
(Italian Dictionary) (1817-26); etc.
Montépin, Xavier Aymon de (môn-tā-pan'). Montiano y Luyando, Agustin de (mõn-ti-
A French novelist and dramatist; born at Apre- ä'nō ē lö-i-an'do). A Spanish poet and dram-
mont, Haute-Saône, March 18, 1824. His works atist; born at Valladolid, March 1, 1697; died
abound in sensational incidents and situations. at Madrid, Nov. I, 1764. He was director of
He has written nearly 100 novels, which have the Academy of History, Madrid. He wrote
been translated into almost every language, the (The Rape of Diana) and (The Lyre of Or-
first being 'The Knights of Lansquenet) (1847); pheus,' poems; “Virginia) (1750) and (Athaul-
and, alone or with collaborators, about 30 pho) (1753), tragedies aiming at a reform of
plays.
the Spanish drama by bringing it into conform-
Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, Baron ity with the rules of the French stage; and
de (môn-tes-kyė'). A famous French historian
other works.
and political philosopher; born near Bordeaux, Montrésor, Frances Frederica. An English
Jan. 18, 1689; died in Paris, Feb. 10, 1755. He
novelist, daughter of the late Admiral F. B.
gave up high magistracies to travel widely in
Montrésor, R. N. She resides in London. She
order to collect material for the renowned
is the author of several powerful stories of
(Spirit of Laws) (1748); his masterpiece, and lowly life: the first, Into the Highways and
one of the most influential works of modern
Hedges) (1895), met with instant success; and
times, establishing the historical method in
(False Coin or True) (1896), the story of a
political science.
He wrote besides : Persian workhouse girl, and "Worth While) (1896),
Letters) (1721), a satire on French society; have been favorably received.
(The Temple of Cnidus) (1725), an allegory;
'Causes of Roman Greatness and Decline)
Moodie, Susanna. A Canadian poet and
(1734), a powerful work; Dialogue of Sylla prose-writer, sister of Agnes Strickland; born
Eucrates and Lysimachus! (1745); etc.
in Reydon Hall, Suffolk, England, Dec. 6,
("Works, best edition, Paris, 1879. ) *
1803; died in Toronto, Canada, April 8, 1885.
She wrote: (Enthusiasm and Other Poems)
Montgomery, Florence. An English novel- (1829); (Roughing it in the Bush, or Life in
ist, daughter of Sir Alexander Montgomery; Canada) (2 vols. , 1852); (Matrimonial Specula-
born 1847. She has written : (A Very Simple tions) (1854); and (The Monctons) (2 vols. ,
Story) ( 1867 ) ; (Thrown Together) (1872 );
1856).
(Thwarted' (1874); "Wild Mike and his Vic-
tim (new ed. 1878); (Seaforth) (1878); (Trans-
Moody, Dwight Lyman. A noted American
formed) (1886); (The Fisherman's Daughter)
evangelist; born at Northfield, Mass. , Feb. 5,
(1888); etc.
1837. With Ira D. Sankey he held revival
meetings through the United States and in
Montgomery, James. An English poet, best Great Britain. He has founded a School for
known by his hymns and devotional poetry; Christian Workers in Northfield, and a Bible
born at Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland, Nov. 4, 1771; Institute in Chicago. Among his works are:
died at Sheffield, England, April 30, 1854. He (Arrows and Anecdotes) (1877); (Secret Power)
founded and edited the Sheffield Iris, 1794- (1881); “Bible Characters) (1888); etc.
1825. He published: (The West Indies) (1809),
an anti-slavery poem ; (The World before the Mooney, James. An American ethnologist;
Flood) (1813); (Greenland (1819); (Prose by
born at Richmond, Ind. , 1861. From a boy of
a Poet) (1830-31), lectures on poetry and Eng.
12 his specialty has been Indian ethnology. He
lish literature; (Original Hymns) (1853), his
has written : (Medical Mythology of Ireland'
chief work; etc.
(1887); Funeral Customs of Ireland (1888);
(Holiday Customs of Ireland' (1890); Myths
Monti, Luigi (mon'tē). An American mis-
of the Cherokees); "Siouan Tribes of the
cellaneous writer; born in Palermo, Sicily, in
East); (The Messiah Religion and the Ghost-
1830. Being exiled, he came to Boston in 1850.
Dance); etc.
Besides contributions to magazines, he has pub-
lished 'The Adventures of an American Consul
Moore, Mrs. Bloomfield. See Bloomfield-
Abroad) (1878); and (Leone,' a novel in the
Moore.
(Round Robin) series. Longfellow introduced Moore, Charles Leonard. An American
him in his (Tales of a Wayside Inn) as the writer of verse; born at Philadelphia in 1854.
young Sicilian.
A lawyer there, he was consul at San Antonio,
Monti, Vincenzo. A celebrated Italian poet;
Brazil, 1878-79. He has written : Poems, An-
born rear Ravenna, Feb. 19, 1754; died at Milan,
tique and Modern) (1883); (A Book of Day-
Oct. 13, 1828. He was secretary of the Cis-
Dreams) in verse ; and “Banquet of Palacios,
alpine Republic; professor of rhetoric at Pavia ;
a comedy.
Napoleon's Italian court historiographer; a Moore, Clement Clarke. An American edu-
member of the Italian Institute. Among his cational writer and poet; born in New York
works ere the trag (Aristodemus) (1787), city, July 15, 1779; died in Newport, R. I. , July
Caius Gracchus,' etc. ; Basvilliana) (1793), 10, 1863. He was the compiler of the first
## p. 390 (#406) ############################################
390
MOORE- MOREAS
Hebrew and Greek lexicon published in Amer.
ica, and the author of a book of (Poems' (1844),
in which is included his best-known poem, "A
Visit from St. Nicholas) (“'Twas the night
before Christmas”). He was the donor of the
extensive grounds on which the General The-
ological Seminary, New York city, stands.
Moore, Edward. An English dramatist and
fabulist; born at Abingdon, March 22, 1712;
died in London, March 1, 1757. He was edi.
lor of The World (1753), to which Lyttelton,
Pulteney, Chesterfield, Soame Jenyns, Horace
Walpole, and others of distinction were contrib-
utors. He wrote Fables for the Female Sex)
(1744); (The Foundling' ( 1748) and (Gil Blas)
(1751), comedies; “The Gamester) (1753, with
Garrick, often reprinted), a highly successful
tragedy; Poems, Fables, and Plays) (1756).
(Dramatic Works, 1788. )
Moore, Frank Frankfort. An English novel-
ist. Among his principal works may be men-
tioned «Flying from a Shadow) (1872); (The
Mate of the Jessica) (new ed. 1882); (Tre,
Pol, and Pen' (1887); Under Hatches) (1888);
etc.
Moore, George. An English novelist, poet,
and essayist; born 1859. Among his novels
are : (A Modern Lover' (1883); (A Mummer's
Wife) (6th ed. 1885); (A Drama in Muslin)
(1886); “Confessions of a Young Man (1888);
(Esther Waters) (1894); etc. He has written
also: in verse, Flowers of Passion (1877),
(Pagan Poems) (1881); and the volumes of es-
says (Impressions and Opinions) (1891), Mod-
ern Painting' (1893).
Moore, George Henry. An American his-
torical writer; born in Concord, N. H. , April
20, 1823; died in New York city, May 5, 1892.
He published: (The Treason of Charles Lee)
(1858); (Employment of Negroes in the Rev.
olutionary Army) (1862); Notes on the His.
tory of Slavery in Massachusetts) (1866); and
(Washington as an Angler) (1887).
Moore, Horatio Newton. An American
dramatist and novelist; born in New Jersey in
1814; died in Philadelphia, Aug. 26, 1859. His
first work of importance, Orlando, or Woman's
Virtue,' a tragedy, was published at 19; (The
Regicide,' a five-act drama, at 20. His short
novel Mary Morris) (1840) was very popular.
The Lives of Marion and Wayne) was issued
in 1854.
Moore, Thomas. A famous Irish poet and
song-writer ; born at Dublin, May 28, 1779; died
near Devizes, Feb. 25, 1852. He was the pet
of London society; received an appointment
in the civil service in the Bermudas, 1803-4;
traveled in the United States, 1803-4; married
an actress, 1811. His principal works were a
translation of the (Odes of Anacreon (1800);
(Odes and Epistles) ( 1806 ); (Irish Melodies )
(10 parts, 1807-34); ( The Twopenny Post Bag)
(1813); Lalla Rookh) (1817); Loves of the
Angels' (1823); etc. He wrote also : (The Epi-
curean) (1827), a romance ; 'Lives) of Sheridan
(1825) and Byron (1830); History of Ireland)
(1827-35); etc. *
Moratin, Leandro Fernandez de (mõ-rä-tēn').
A noted Spanish dramatist and poet, son of
Nicolas F. ; born at Madrid, March 10, 1760 ;
died at Paris, June 21, 1828. He has been called
“the Spanish Molière. Among his plays were :
(The Old Man and the Young Girl' (1790),
his best drama; “The New Comedy) (1792);
(The Baron (1803); “The Female Hypocrite!
(1804); (The Girl's Yes) (1806); etc. He wrote
also "Origins of the Spanish Stage); lyrical
poems; etc. His works can be seen in Vol. ii.
of Library of Spanish Authors. )
Moratin, Nicolas Fernandez de. A Span-
ish poet; born at Madrid, July 20, 1737 ; died
there, May 11, 1780. He was professor of poetry
in the Imperial College, Madrid. His best work,
and one of the best epics in the language, was
(The Ships of Cortés Destroyed) (1785). He
wrote besides (Diana) (1763), a fine didactic
poem ; and many of his short poems were ex-
cellent. In the attempt to substitute for the
usual religious dramas others more agreeable
to the taste of the times, he produced the com-
edy (The Belle) ( 1762 ), and the tragedies
(Lucrecia,' (Hormesinda' (1770), 'Guzman the
Good' (1777), etc. His works can be seen in
Vol. ii. of Rivadeneyra's Library of Spanish
Authors.
More, Hannah. An English religious writer;
born at Stapleton, Gloucestershire, Feb. 2, 1745;
died at Clifton, Sept. 7, 1833. She abandoned
a successful worldly literary career at its height
to devote her pen to the furtherance of edu-
cation and religion. Her best-known works
were the celebrated tract (The Shepherd of
Salisbury Plain) and the novel Cælebs in
Search of a Wife) (1809). She wrote also:
(Sacred Dramas? (1782); (Religion of the
Fashionable World' (1791); (Practical Piety)
(1811); etc. Garrick produced her tragedies
Percy) (1778) and (The Fatal Falsehood'
(1779). ((Works, 11 vols. , 1830. )
More, Paul Elmer. An American essayist;
born in Missouri, 1864. He is instructor in San-
skrit and Greek at Bryn Mawr College. He
has written : (The Great Refusal : Being Let-
ters of a Dreamer in Gotham.
More, Thomas, Sir. An eminent English
statesman and miscellaneous writer; born in
London, Feb. 7, 1478; executed on Tower Hill,
July 6, 1535. A great lawyer, he became Lord
Chancellor, and was put to death by Henry
VIII. for refusing to take the oath renouncing
the Pope and abjuring Catherine's rights. His
greatest literary work was the famous Utopia!
(1516), an account of an imaginary ideal com-
monwealth supposed to exist on a distant
island of the Atlantic. He wrote besides : ( Life
of John Picus, Earl of Mirandola) (1510); His.
tory of Richard III. (1513); etc. ((Works,
Latin and English, Louvain, 1556-57. ) *
Moréas, Jean (mõ-rā-ä'). A French poet,
novelist, and romance-writer; born at Athens,
>
## p. 391 (#407) ############################################
MOREAU - MORLEY
391
)
April 15, 1856. He is one of the leaders of
the school called the Decadents. ” He has
written in verse ( The Quicksands) (1884), (Can-
tilenas) (1886), Iconostasis); the novel (The
Young Ladies) (1887); the romances (The Thin
Woman,' (Tea at Miranda's) (1887), etc.
Morelli, Giovanni (mõ-rel'ē). A distin-
guished Italian art critic; born in Verona, Feb.
25, 1816; died in Milan, Feb. 28, 1891. He
traveled widely throughout Europe, studying
the great collections of paintings. His fame
rests principally upon the “Critical Art Studies
in Italian Painting' (1890-93), devoted to the
Borghese and Doria Pamfili galleries in Rome,
the Munich and Dresden galleries, and that
of Berlin. He bequeathed his valuable collec-
tion of paintings to his native city. In 1895
a monument was erected to his memory in
Milan.
Moreto y Cabañia, Agustin (mõ-rā'to ē kä-
bä'nyä). A noted Spanish dramatist; born at
Madrid about 1618; died at Toledo, Oct. 28,
1669. He introduced into Spain the comedy of
character and manners. Disdain for Disdain,'
his chief work, was one of the four classical
masterpieces of the old Spanish stage; (The
Handsome Don Diego) contained excellent
character-drawing; "Snares Ahead' (Trampa
Adelante) won high success; and (The Val-
iant Justiciary' and 'The Power of Blood' were
good specimens of his more earnest writing.
Morford, Henry. An American novelist and
dramatist; born in New Monmouth, N. J. , 1823;
died in New York city, 1881. Among his plays
are (The Merchant's Honor) and (The Bells
of Shandon. Two volumes of poems were
published by him : (Rhymes of Twenty Years)
(1859); and Rhymes of an Editor) (1873).
Among his novels are 'Shoulder Straps) (1863),
(The Coward) (1864), "Utterly Wrecked)
(1866), and (Only a Commoner) (1871).
Morgan, Lady (Sydney Owenson ). An
Irish novelist and miscellaneous writer; born
in Dublin, about 1783; died in London, April
14, 1859. The daughter of an Irish actor, she
became a leader in London society. Among
her works were the novels (The Wild Irish
Girl (1806), her most successful book; “O'Don-
nel (1814); (Florence Macarthy) (1816); (The
O'Briens and the O'Flahertys) (1827); etc. She
wrote also: France under the Bourbons) (1817),
and its companion, Italy) (1821), two books
which excited furious opposition; Woman and
her Master) (1840); Autobiography) (1858);
songs, comic operas, biographies, travels, etc.
See her (Memoirs,' edited by Hepworth Dixon
(2 vols. , 1862).
Morgan, Lewis Henry. An American ethnol-
ogist and archäologist of great repute; born
near Aurora, N. Y. , Nov. 21, 1818; died at
Rochester, N. Y. (where he was a lawyer), Dec.
17, 1881. Among his important contributions
to the science of ethnology is (Systems of
Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Fam-
ily,' published by the Smithsonian Institution
in 1869, and which remains the standard work
on the subject. His (League of the Iroquois,'
published in 1851, is the highest authority on
the tribal organization of the Six Nations.
His other works include: (The American Bea.
ver and his Works); (Ancient Society' (1887);
(Horses and Horse Life of the American Ab-
origines); etc.
Morier, James Justinian (mõ'ri-ér). An
English novelist and writer of travels ; born
1780; died at Brighton, March 19, 1849. He was
Lord Elgin's secretary during his embassy to
Constantinople, and secretary of legation at the
court of Persia (1811-15). He wrote two suc-
cessful books describing travels in Brazil, Asia,
Asia Minor, and Turkey. He was best known,
however, by his novels depicting Persian life:
(Adventures of Hajji-Baba) (1824-28; latest ed.
1895); “Zohrab the Hostage) (1832); (Ayesha,
the Maid of Kars) (1834); (Mirza) (1841). *
Mörike, Eduard (mė'rē-ke). A noted Ger-
man poet (the last and best of the “Suabian
school ») and novelist; born at Ludwigsburg,
Würtemberg, Sept. 8, 1804; died at Stuttgart, June
4, 1875. He was a clergyman and teacher, and
the greatest German lyrist after Goethe.
His
best verse can be seen in Poems) (11th ed.
1895), and Idylls from the Lake of Constance)
( 1846 ). Of his prose writings, famous are :
(Nolten the Painter) (3d ed. 1892) and (Mozart
on the Way to Prague) (5th ed. 1892). He
also made fine translations of Anacreon and
Theocritus. ("Works, Stuttgart, 1890. ) *
Morison, James Augustus Cotter.
principal work, A Spiritual Guide) (1675),
maintained that godliness consists in uninter-
rupted communion with God through contem-
plation - the doctrine called "Quietism. This
being thought to imperil the doctrine of good
actions, the book was condemned (1687); and
in spite of recanting, he was imprisoned for
life, dying in confinement.
Möller, Peter Ludwig (mėl'ler). A Danish
poet and art critic; born at Aalborg, April 18,
1814; died at Rouen, Dec. 7, 1865. He spent
the last fifteen years of his life in Paris. He
published Lyrical Poems) (1840); Critical
Sketches) (1847); Pictures and Songs) (1847);
(Falling of the Leaves) (1855, under the pseu.
donym of «Otto Sommer”); and the interesting
work Modern Comedy in France and Den-
mark) (1858).
a
.
## p. 387 (#403) ############################################
MÖLLER - MONROE
387
Möller, Poul Martin. A Danish poet, nov.
elist, and philosophical writer; born at Veile,
March 21, 1794; died at Copenhagen, March
13, 1838. He was professor of philosophy, at
Christiania, Norway, 1828–31, and at Copenha-
gen in 1831. Of a number of fine lyrics, the
best-known was his "Joy over Denmark. In
fiction he wrote (Eyvind the Skald, (A Danish
Student's Adventure,' etc. His philosophical
writings are contained in his (Posthumous
Works) (3d ed. 1856). He wrote also Notes
Taken on a Journey to China. Poetry and
Prose,' selections, appeared in 1891.
Moltke, Count Hellmuth Karl Bernhard
von (molt'kė). The famous Prussian field-mar-
shal; born at Parchim, Mecklenburg-Schwerin,
Oct. 26, 1800; died at Berlin, April 24, 1891.
Having reorganized the Prussian army (1858–
63), he won the Franco-Prussian war, 1870–71;
became field-marshal, 1871; life member of the
Prussian Upper House, 1872. He published :
(The Russo-Turkish Campaign, 1828-29) (2d
ed. 1877); “History of the Franco-Prussian War)
(1891); "Letters) (1892); "Letters on Conditions
in Turkey) (6th ed. 1893); etc. (Works, 1891-
93. Military Works, 1892-93).
Mommsen, Theodor (mom'zen). A famous
German historian; born at Garding, Schleswig,
Nov. 30, 1817. He was professor of law at
Leipzig, 1848–50; of Roman law, at Zürich
1852-54, at Breslau 1854-58; of ancient history
at Berlin, 1858; member of the Prussian House
of Delegates. His great work is (Roman His.
tory) (1854-56; 8th ed. 1888–89; vol. 5, 3d ed.
1886). He has written besides, Roman Chro-
nology down to Cæsar' (2d ed. 1859); History
of Roman Coinage) (1860); (Roman Investi.
gations) (1864-79); “History of Roman Political
Law) (3d ed. 1888). He was editor-in-chief of
the great Body of Latin Inscriptions) (15 vols.
and supplement, 1863-93). His historical work
incorporates the results of vast learning in
widely severed fields. *
Monboddo, James Burnet, Lord (mon-bod'.
do). A distinguished Scottish judge and phil-
osophical writer; born at Monboddo, 1714;
died at Edinburgh, May 26, 1799. He wrote:
Dissertation on Language) (6 vols. , 1773-92),
and Ancient Metaphysics) (6 vols. , 1779-99);
both works upholding the theory that the hu-
man race was developed from simian stock.
Monier-Williams, Sir Monier. An English
Orientalist; born at Bombay, India, 1819. He
was professor of Sanskrit at Haileybury Col-
lege 1844-58, Cheltenham College 1858-60, Ox-
ford 1860. His books include : Sanskrit gram-
mars (1846 and 1860); English-Sanskrit (1851)
and Sanskrit-English (1872) dictionaries; edi-
tions of Kālidāsa's Çakuntalā (1853) — which he
introduced to the English-speaking world –
and other Sanskrit texts; (Rudiments of Hin-
dustani) (1858); (Indian Epic Poetry) (1863);
"Indian Wisdom (1875); "Hinduism (1877);
(Modern India and the Indians) (1878); (Reli-
gious Thought and Life in India (1883); (The
Holy Bible and the Sacred Books of the East)
(1887); and (Buddhism in its Connection with
Brahminism and Hinduism, and in its Contrast
with Christianity) — the Duff Lectures (1889).
Monkhouse, William Cosmo. An English
art critic, poet, and novelist. Among his works
are : (A Dream of Idleness) (1865), verse ; (A
Question of Honor) (1868), a novel; (Master-
pieces of English Art) (1868); “Turner) (1879,
in the "Great Artists) series); Italian Pre-
Raphaelites) (1887); etc.
Monnier, Marc (mo-nyā'). A French scholar
and miscellaneous writer; born at Florence,
Italy, Dec. 7, 1827; died at Geneva, April 18,
1885. He was professor of comparative liter-
ature at Geneva. Among his works were: 'Is
Italy the Land of the Dead ? ) (1830), which
made a sensation; 'Permitted Loves) (1861), a
novel; (Figaro's Ancestors) (1868), an essay
in dramatic history; (Plays for Marionettes)
(1871); (Geneva and its Poets' (1874); "Popu-
lar Tales in Italy) (1880); "History of Modern
Literature) (2 vols. , 1884-85); and in verse
(Lucioles) (1863), (Poems) (1872).
Monod, Gabriel Jacques Jean (mõ-no'). A
distinguished French historian; born at Ingou-
ville, near Havre, May 7, 1844. Since 1880
he has been a lecturer at the Normal School,
Paris. Chiefly noted for his researches in me-
diæval history, he has published: (Germans
and French) (1872); (Jules Michelet) (1875);
Critical Studies on the Sources of Merovin-
gian History' (1872-85); the school text-books,
(Short Universal History) (1883), with M. G.
Dhombre, and History of France to Louis
XI. ” (1884), with P. Boudois; (Bibliography of
the History of France) (1888), indispensable
to the student; a translation of J. R. Green's
(History of the English People' (with his
brother, A. M. Monod); articles in French and
English reviews; etc.
Monroe, Harriet. An American poet and
biographer; born 18—. She has written (Co-
lumbian Ode) (1893), composed for the open-
ing celebration of the World's Columbian Ex-
position ; (John Wellborn Root' (1896), a study
of his life and work.
Monroe, James. The fifth President of the
United States; born in Westmoreland County,
Va. , April 28, 1758; died in New York, July 4,
1831. He served in the Revolutionary War,
was useful to his State and country in many
conspicuous positions, and was President of the
United States for two terms, 1817-25. The time
of his administration is known as the era of
good feeling," from the lack of party divisions,
the Federalist party having been absorbed in
the Democratic. Among its chief events were
the acquisition of Florida, 1819; the Missouri
Compromise, 1820; and the statement of the
(Monroe Doctrine, 1823. He published : 'Con-
duct of the Executive in the Foreign Affairs
of the United States) (1798); (Tour of Obser-
vation through the North-Eastern and North-
Western States) (1818); (The People the Sov-
ereigns'; etc.
(
## p. 388 (#404) ############################################
388
MONSELL - MONTEMAYOR
Monsell, James Samuel Bewley. An Eng.
lish divine and hymn-writer; born at St. Co-
lumb's, Derry, Ireland, March 2, 1811; died
April 9, 1875, at Guildford, England, his final
church living. Among his popular publica-
tions of devotional poetry were : (Parish Mus-
ings) (7th ed. 1863); (Hymns of Love and
Praise) (2d ed. 1866); (The Passing Bell, and
Other Poems) (2d ed. 1869); (Simon the Cyre.
nian, and Other Poems) (new ed. 1876); “Spir-
itual Songs) (6th ed. 1887).
Montagu, Mrs. (Elizabeth Robinson). An
English social leader and letter-writer; born
at York, Oct. 2, 1720; died in London, Aug.
25, 1800. She married Edward Montagu, grand-
son of the fifth Earl of Sandwich. She gave
every year a famous dinner to the London
chimney-sweeps. Her residence in Portman
Square was the meeting-place of the celebrated
« Blue-Stocking Club (origin of this famous
term). Among her visitors and associates were
Lord Lyttelton, Burke, Garrick, Sir Joshua
Reynolds, Hannah More, Fanny Burney, etc.
She wrote three of the dialogues in Lord
Lyttelton's Dialogues of the Dead (4th ed.
1765); “The Genius of Shakespeare' (1769), an
essay; Letters) (4 vols. , 1809), her best-known
work.
Montagu, Mary Wortley, Lady. A famous
English letter-writer; born at Thoresby, Notts,
May 26, 1689; died in England, Aug. 21, 1762.
Her high birth (eldest daughter of an earl
afterwards duke) gave her brilliant wit and
literary gifts national fame. Accompanying
her husband (grandson of the first Earl of
Sandwich, and the richest commoner in Eng.
land) to Constantinople, where he was minister
to the Porte (1716-17), she assisted in intro-
ducing from the East into England the prac-
tice of inoculation. At one time the friend of
Pope, she quarreled with him afterward. From
1739 to 1762, having left her husband, she was
again abroad, settling in 1758 at Venice. Her
"Letters,' with a life, appear in her works
(3d ed. 1887). *
Montague, Charles Howard. An American
journalist and novelist ; born in Massachusetts,
1858; died 1889. He was one of the editors of
the Boston Globe. He wrote: Romance of the
Lilies) (1886); (The Face of Rosenfel (1888);
(Countess Muta); etc.
Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de (môn-tān').
The famous French moral philosopher; born at
Château Montaigne, Périgord, Feb. 28, 1533;
died Sept. 13, 1592. Having originally studied
law, he became a courtier in 1559; was attached
to the person of Henry III. , 1571; traveled in
Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, 1580; was
mayor of Bordeaux 1581-85. His masterpiece
was his "Essays) (1580; 5th ed. during his life-
time, with an added book, 1588; many editions
since, the best being Le Cleve's, 4 vols. , Paris,
1865; the best English translation, Hazlitt's).
They are marked by a doubting or inquiring
spirit, a tolerant and anti-persecuting temper,
and a classic perfection of style. *
Montalembert, Charles Forbes de Tryon,
Comte de (môn-ta-lon-băr'). A noted French
statesman, historian, and orator; born in Lon.
don, May 29, 1810; died in Paris, March 13,
1870. He championed the Catholic and cler-
ical interests. He was a member of the Cham-
ber of Peers in 1835; the National Assembly
1848; the Chamber of Deputies 1848-57. His
principal writings were : Life of St. Elizabeth
of Hungary) (1836); (The Political Future of
England (1855); (The Monks of the West)
(1860-67; 5th ed. 1874-77), his main work; 'Let.
ters to a College Friend' (1874); etc. ("Works,
1861-68. )
Montalván, Juan Pérez de (mon-täl-vän').
A Spanish dramatist and story-writer; born at
Madrid, 1602; died June 25, 1638. He was a
priest at Madrid, and notary of the Inquisition.
His best play, (Teruel's Lovers,' one of the
most popular of Spanish dramas, holds the
stage at the present day. Among his works
were : (Model Novels) (1624); Life and Pur-
gatory of St. Patrick) (1627); "El Para Todos!
(1632), a collection of diverting stories, anec-
dotes, and plays; etc. The best of his dramas
can be seen in Vol. xiv. of Rivadeneyra's (Li-
brary of Spanish Authors) (Madrid, 1881).
Montalvo, Garcia Ordoñez de (mõn-täl'vo).
A Spanish romancer; lived at the end of the
15th century. He was governor of the city of
Medina del Campo. He was the author of the
earliest Spanish version of the famous (Amadis
of Gaul.
Montchrestien, Antoine de (môn-krā-tyan').
A French poet, dramatist, and political econo-
mist; born at Falaise, Normandy, about 1570;
died near Domfront, October 1621. His life
was adventurous and romantic. He wrote a
work on political economy (he is said to have
been the first to introduce the term into French);
several poems, and seven tragedies possessing
merit. (Dramatic Works' Rouen, last ed.
1007. )
Montégut, Émile (môn-tā-gü'). A French
journalist and miscellaneous writer; born at
Limoges, June 24, 1825. He became a chev-
alier of the Legion of Honor in 1865. He
has published in book form “The Netherlands:
Impressions of Travel and Art) (1869); (Poets
and Artists of Italy) (1881); 'Literary Types
and Æsthetic Fancies) (1882); Books and
People of the Orient) (1885); "Critical Mis-
cellanies) (1887); (A Critic's Reading Hours)
(1891); etc.
Montemayor, Jorge de (mõn-tā-mä-yor'). A
celebrated Spanish romance-writer and poet ;
born at Montemayor, Portugal, about 1520; died
at Turin, Feb. 26, 1561. When a young man
he was in the army; afterward, being a skill-
ful musician, was attached to the traveling
chapel of the prince of Spain (later Philip II. ),
visiting several countries, particularly Italy and
Flanders. His principal work was the famous
Diana Enamorada) (Diana in Love,' 1542;
latest ed. Madrid, 1795), the most popular
a
## p. 389 (#405) ############################################
MONTEPIN – MOORE
389
Spanish pastoral romance since (Amadis of
a grand poem in four cantos on the death of
Gaul. ' It furnished the model for Sir Philip Hugo Basville ; (Mascheroniana, a poem on
Sidney's Arcadia. ((Works, Antwerp, 1554; the death of the mathematician Mascheroni;
several editions since. )
(Italian Dictionary) (1817-26); etc.
Montépin, Xavier Aymon de (môn-tā-pan'). Montiano y Luyando, Agustin de (mõn-ti-
A French novelist and dramatist; born at Apre- ä'nō ē lö-i-an'do). A Spanish poet and dram-
mont, Haute-Saône, March 18, 1824. His works atist; born at Valladolid, March 1, 1697; died
abound in sensational incidents and situations. at Madrid, Nov. I, 1764. He was director of
He has written nearly 100 novels, which have the Academy of History, Madrid. He wrote
been translated into almost every language, the (The Rape of Diana) and (The Lyre of Or-
first being 'The Knights of Lansquenet) (1847); pheus,' poems; “Virginia) (1750) and (Athaul-
and, alone or with collaborators, about 30 pho) (1753), tragedies aiming at a reform of
plays.
the Spanish drama by bringing it into conform-
Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, Baron ity with the rules of the French stage; and
de (môn-tes-kyė'). A famous French historian
other works.
and political philosopher; born near Bordeaux, Montrésor, Frances Frederica. An English
Jan. 18, 1689; died in Paris, Feb. 10, 1755. He
novelist, daughter of the late Admiral F. B.
gave up high magistracies to travel widely in
Montrésor, R. N. She resides in London. She
order to collect material for the renowned
is the author of several powerful stories of
(Spirit of Laws) (1748); his masterpiece, and lowly life: the first, Into the Highways and
one of the most influential works of modern
Hedges) (1895), met with instant success; and
times, establishing the historical method in
(False Coin or True) (1896), the story of a
political science.
He wrote besides : Persian workhouse girl, and "Worth While) (1896),
Letters) (1721), a satire on French society; have been favorably received.
(The Temple of Cnidus) (1725), an allegory;
'Causes of Roman Greatness and Decline)
Moodie, Susanna. A Canadian poet and
(1734), a powerful work; Dialogue of Sylla prose-writer, sister of Agnes Strickland; born
Eucrates and Lysimachus! (1745); etc.
in Reydon Hall, Suffolk, England, Dec. 6,
("Works, best edition, Paris, 1879. ) *
1803; died in Toronto, Canada, April 8, 1885.
She wrote: (Enthusiasm and Other Poems)
Montgomery, Florence. An English novel- (1829); (Roughing it in the Bush, or Life in
ist, daughter of Sir Alexander Montgomery; Canada) (2 vols. , 1852); (Matrimonial Specula-
born 1847. She has written : (A Very Simple tions) (1854); and (The Monctons) (2 vols. ,
Story) ( 1867 ) ; (Thrown Together) (1872 );
1856).
(Thwarted' (1874); "Wild Mike and his Vic-
tim (new ed. 1878); (Seaforth) (1878); (Trans-
Moody, Dwight Lyman. A noted American
formed) (1886); (The Fisherman's Daughter)
evangelist; born at Northfield, Mass. , Feb. 5,
(1888); etc.
1837. With Ira D. Sankey he held revival
meetings through the United States and in
Montgomery, James. An English poet, best Great Britain. He has founded a School for
known by his hymns and devotional poetry; Christian Workers in Northfield, and a Bible
born at Irvine, Ayrshire, Scotland, Nov. 4, 1771; Institute in Chicago. Among his works are:
died at Sheffield, England, April 30, 1854. He (Arrows and Anecdotes) (1877); (Secret Power)
founded and edited the Sheffield Iris, 1794- (1881); “Bible Characters) (1888); etc.
1825. He published: (The West Indies) (1809),
an anti-slavery poem ; (The World before the Mooney, James. An American ethnologist;
Flood) (1813); (Greenland (1819); (Prose by
born at Richmond, Ind. , 1861. From a boy of
a Poet) (1830-31), lectures on poetry and Eng.
12 his specialty has been Indian ethnology. He
lish literature; (Original Hymns) (1853), his
has written : (Medical Mythology of Ireland'
chief work; etc.
(1887); Funeral Customs of Ireland (1888);
(Holiday Customs of Ireland' (1890); Myths
Monti, Luigi (mon'tē). An American mis-
of the Cherokees); "Siouan Tribes of the
cellaneous writer; born in Palermo, Sicily, in
East); (The Messiah Religion and the Ghost-
1830. Being exiled, he came to Boston in 1850.
Dance); etc.
Besides contributions to magazines, he has pub-
lished 'The Adventures of an American Consul
Moore, Mrs. Bloomfield. See Bloomfield-
Abroad) (1878); and (Leone,' a novel in the
Moore.
(Round Robin) series. Longfellow introduced Moore, Charles Leonard. An American
him in his (Tales of a Wayside Inn) as the writer of verse; born at Philadelphia in 1854.
young Sicilian.
A lawyer there, he was consul at San Antonio,
Monti, Vincenzo. A celebrated Italian poet;
Brazil, 1878-79. He has written : Poems, An-
born rear Ravenna, Feb. 19, 1754; died at Milan,
tique and Modern) (1883); (A Book of Day-
Oct. 13, 1828. He was secretary of the Cis-
Dreams) in verse ; and “Banquet of Palacios,
alpine Republic; professor of rhetoric at Pavia ;
a comedy.
Napoleon's Italian court historiographer; a Moore, Clement Clarke. An American edu-
member of the Italian Institute. Among his cational writer and poet; born in New York
works ere the trag (Aristodemus) (1787), city, July 15, 1779; died in Newport, R. I. , July
Caius Gracchus,' etc. ; Basvilliana) (1793), 10, 1863. He was the compiler of the first
## p. 390 (#406) ############################################
390
MOORE- MOREAS
Hebrew and Greek lexicon published in Amer.
ica, and the author of a book of (Poems' (1844),
in which is included his best-known poem, "A
Visit from St. Nicholas) (“'Twas the night
before Christmas”). He was the donor of the
extensive grounds on which the General The-
ological Seminary, New York city, stands.
Moore, Edward. An English dramatist and
fabulist; born at Abingdon, March 22, 1712;
died in London, March 1, 1757. He was edi.
lor of The World (1753), to which Lyttelton,
Pulteney, Chesterfield, Soame Jenyns, Horace
Walpole, and others of distinction were contrib-
utors. He wrote Fables for the Female Sex)
(1744); (The Foundling' ( 1748) and (Gil Blas)
(1751), comedies; “The Gamester) (1753, with
Garrick, often reprinted), a highly successful
tragedy; Poems, Fables, and Plays) (1756).
(Dramatic Works, 1788. )
Moore, Frank Frankfort. An English novel-
ist. Among his principal works may be men-
tioned «Flying from a Shadow) (1872); (The
Mate of the Jessica) (new ed. 1882); (Tre,
Pol, and Pen' (1887); Under Hatches) (1888);
etc.
Moore, George. An English novelist, poet,
and essayist; born 1859. Among his novels
are : (A Modern Lover' (1883); (A Mummer's
Wife) (6th ed. 1885); (A Drama in Muslin)
(1886); “Confessions of a Young Man (1888);
(Esther Waters) (1894); etc. He has written
also: in verse, Flowers of Passion (1877),
(Pagan Poems) (1881); and the volumes of es-
says (Impressions and Opinions) (1891), Mod-
ern Painting' (1893).
Moore, George Henry. An American his-
torical writer; born in Concord, N. H. , April
20, 1823; died in New York city, May 5, 1892.
He published: (The Treason of Charles Lee)
(1858); (Employment of Negroes in the Rev.
olutionary Army) (1862); Notes on the His.
tory of Slavery in Massachusetts) (1866); and
(Washington as an Angler) (1887).
Moore, Horatio Newton. An American
dramatist and novelist; born in New Jersey in
1814; died in Philadelphia, Aug. 26, 1859. His
first work of importance, Orlando, or Woman's
Virtue,' a tragedy, was published at 19; (The
Regicide,' a five-act drama, at 20. His short
novel Mary Morris) (1840) was very popular.
The Lives of Marion and Wayne) was issued
in 1854.
Moore, Thomas. A famous Irish poet and
song-writer ; born at Dublin, May 28, 1779; died
near Devizes, Feb. 25, 1852. He was the pet
of London society; received an appointment
in the civil service in the Bermudas, 1803-4;
traveled in the United States, 1803-4; married
an actress, 1811. His principal works were a
translation of the (Odes of Anacreon (1800);
(Odes and Epistles) ( 1806 ); (Irish Melodies )
(10 parts, 1807-34); ( The Twopenny Post Bag)
(1813); Lalla Rookh) (1817); Loves of the
Angels' (1823); etc. He wrote also : (The Epi-
curean) (1827), a romance ; 'Lives) of Sheridan
(1825) and Byron (1830); History of Ireland)
(1827-35); etc. *
Moratin, Leandro Fernandez de (mõ-rä-tēn').
A noted Spanish dramatist and poet, son of
Nicolas F. ; born at Madrid, March 10, 1760 ;
died at Paris, June 21, 1828. He has been called
“the Spanish Molière. Among his plays were :
(The Old Man and the Young Girl' (1790),
his best drama; “The New Comedy) (1792);
(The Baron (1803); “The Female Hypocrite!
(1804); (The Girl's Yes) (1806); etc. He wrote
also "Origins of the Spanish Stage); lyrical
poems; etc. His works can be seen in Vol. ii.
of Library of Spanish Authors. )
Moratin, Nicolas Fernandez de. A Span-
ish poet; born at Madrid, July 20, 1737 ; died
there, May 11, 1780. He was professor of poetry
in the Imperial College, Madrid. His best work,
and one of the best epics in the language, was
(The Ships of Cortés Destroyed) (1785). He
wrote besides (Diana) (1763), a fine didactic
poem ; and many of his short poems were ex-
cellent. In the attempt to substitute for the
usual religious dramas others more agreeable
to the taste of the times, he produced the com-
edy (The Belle) ( 1762 ), and the tragedies
(Lucrecia,' (Hormesinda' (1770), 'Guzman the
Good' (1777), etc. His works can be seen in
Vol. ii. of Rivadeneyra's Library of Spanish
Authors.
More, Hannah. An English religious writer;
born at Stapleton, Gloucestershire, Feb. 2, 1745;
died at Clifton, Sept. 7, 1833. She abandoned
a successful worldly literary career at its height
to devote her pen to the furtherance of edu-
cation and religion. Her best-known works
were the celebrated tract (The Shepherd of
Salisbury Plain) and the novel Cælebs in
Search of a Wife) (1809). She wrote also:
(Sacred Dramas? (1782); (Religion of the
Fashionable World' (1791); (Practical Piety)
(1811); etc. Garrick produced her tragedies
Percy) (1778) and (The Fatal Falsehood'
(1779). ((Works, 11 vols. , 1830. )
More, Paul Elmer. An American essayist;
born in Missouri, 1864. He is instructor in San-
skrit and Greek at Bryn Mawr College. He
has written : (The Great Refusal : Being Let-
ters of a Dreamer in Gotham.
More, Thomas, Sir. An eminent English
statesman and miscellaneous writer; born in
London, Feb. 7, 1478; executed on Tower Hill,
July 6, 1535. A great lawyer, he became Lord
Chancellor, and was put to death by Henry
VIII. for refusing to take the oath renouncing
the Pope and abjuring Catherine's rights. His
greatest literary work was the famous Utopia!
(1516), an account of an imaginary ideal com-
monwealth supposed to exist on a distant
island of the Atlantic. He wrote besides : ( Life
of John Picus, Earl of Mirandola) (1510); His.
tory of Richard III. (1513); etc. ((Works,
Latin and English, Louvain, 1556-57. ) *
Moréas, Jean (mõ-rā-ä'). A French poet,
novelist, and romance-writer; born at Athens,
>
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391
)
April 15, 1856. He is one of the leaders of
the school called the Decadents. ” He has
written in verse ( The Quicksands) (1884), (Can-
tilenas) (1886), Iconostasis); the novel (The
Young Ladies) (1887); the romances (The Thin
Woman,' (Tea at Miranda's) (1887), etc.
Morelli, Giovanni (mõ-rel'ē). A distin-
guished Italian art critic; born in Verona, Feb.
25, 1816; died in Milan, Feb. 28, 1891. He
traveled widely throughout Europe, studying
the great collections of paintings. His fame
rests principally upon the “Critical Art Studies
in Italian Painting' (1890-93), devoted to the
Borghese and Doria Pamfili galleries in Rome,
the Munich and Dresden galleries, and that
of Berlin. He bequeathed his valuable collec-
tion of paintings to his native city. In 1895
a monument was erected to his memory in
Milan.
Moreto y Cabañia, Agustin (mõ-rā'to ē kä-
bä'nyä). A noted Spanish dramatist; born at
Madrid about 1618; died at Toledo, Oct. 28,
1669. He introduced into Spain the comedy of
character and manners. Disdain for Disdain,'
his chief work, was one of the four classical
masterpieces of the old Spanish stage; (The
Handsome Don Diego) contained excellent
character-drawing; "Snares Ahead' (Trampa
Adelante) won high success; and (The Val-
iant Justiciary' and 'The Power of Blood' were
good specimens of his more earnest writing.
Morford, Henry. An American novelist and
dramatist; born in New Monmouth, N. J. , 1823;
died in New York city, 1881. Among his plays
are (The Merchant's Honor) and (The Bells
of Shandon. Two volumes of poems were
published by him : (Rhymes of Twenty Years)
(1859); and Rhymes of an Editor) (1873).
Among his novels are 'Shoulder Straps) (1863),
(The Coward) (1864), "Utterly Wrecked)
(1866), and (Only a Commoner) (1871).
Morgan, Lady (Sydney Owenson ). An
Irish novelist and miscellaneous writer; born
in Dublin, about 1783; died in London, April
14, 1859. The daughter of an Irish actor, she
became a leader in London society. Among
her works were the novels (The Wild Irish
Girl (1806), her most successful book; “O'Don-
nel (1814); (Florence Macarthy) (1816); (The
O'Briens and the O'Flahertys) (1827); etc. She
wrote also: France under the Bourbons) (1817),
and its companion, Italy) (1821), two books
which excited furious opposition; Woman and
her Master) (1840); Autobiography) (1858);
songs, comic operas, biographies, travels, etc.
See her (Memoirs,' edited by Hepworth Dixon
(2 vols. , 1862).
Morgan, Lewis Henry. An American ethnol-
ogist and archäologist of great repute; born
near Aurora, N. Y. , Nov. 21, 1818; died at
Rochester, N. Y. (where he was a lawyer), Dec.
17, 1881. Among his important contributions
to the science of ethnology is (Systems of
Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Fam-
ily,' published by the Smithsonian Institution
in 1869, and which remains the standard work
on the subject. His (League of the Iroquois,'
published in 1851, is the highest authority on
the tribal organization of the Six Nations.
His other works include: (The American Bea.
ver and his Works); (Ancient Society' (1887);
(Horses and Horse Life of the American Ab-
origines); etc.
Morier, James Justinian (mõ'ri-ér). An
English novelist and writer of travels ; born
1780; died at Brighton, March 19, 1849. He was
Lord Elgin's secretary during his embassy to
Constantinople, and secretary of legation at the
court of Persia (1811-15). He wrote two suc-
cessful books describing travels in Brazil, Asia,
Asia Minor, and Turkey. He was best known,
however, by his novels depicting Persian life:
(Adventures of Hajji-Baba) (1824-28; latest ed.
1895); “Zohrab the Hostage) (1832); (Ayesha,
the Maid of Kars) (1834); (Mirza) (1841). *
Mörike, Eduard (mė'rē-ke). A noted Ger-
man poet (the last and best of the “Suabian
school ») and novelist; born at Ludwigsburg,
Würtemberg, Sept. 8, 1804; died at Stuttgart, June
4, 1875. He was a clergyman and teacher, and
the greatest German lyrist after Goethe.
His
best verse can be seen in Poems) (11th ed.
1895), and Idylls from the Lake of Constance)
( 1846 ). Of his prose writings, famous are :
(Nolten the Painter) (3d ed. 1892) and (Mozart
on the Way to Prague) (5th ed. 1892). He
also made fine translations of Anacreon and
Theocritus. ("Works, Stuttgart, 1890. ) *
Morison, James Augustus Cotter.
