Therefore, he considers the event, related in the text, to have
occurred
before the former year, as it was not likely a blind man would have made this journey on foot.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v3
It was on the north-
em bank of the River Tripallus.
thumbria. ThisErichadbeendrivenfrom Norway, by his brother Haco, and he had wandered for years an ocean pirate, until he landed in Northumbria, where he was im- mediately saluted as king. See Dr. Lin- gard's "History of England," vol. i. , chap, iv. , pp. 210, 211. In fine, Analaf, the fugitive prince, overcame him in battle, and Eric, sometimes called Eilric, perihsed A. D. 950, in the wilds of Stanemoor, through the treachery of Count Osulf, and the sword of Macco,thesonofAnalaf. SeeMatthewof Westminster, " Flores Historiaram," p. 369.
7° For this, we should more correctly
read, Eboracum, the present Archiepiscopal city of York.
'' By the ancients, it is variedly called
Lundinum, Londinum, Lugdina, Long- donia, and Lundonia.
:
If the you bring
1 90 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
turned his eyes and heart towards heaven, in prayer, and then raising his hand caused the flames to cease. Thus was the city saved from destruction, and
the inhabitants, giving praise to God, did not fail to proclaim the merits of his great servant Cadroe. It would seem, that during this time. King Edmund reigned in England,7^ and his palace or fortress was in the city of Winde-castra,73nowWinchester,? ^ Hegreatlydesiredtoseeoursaint,when the latter remained with and delighted him, for a time, by his agreeable society. The Bishop of Wilton,? ? St. Odo,? ^ conducted Caddroe to a port, calledLimenorLeman. ? ? Thereembarking,withhiscompanions,onsome vessels, a storm arose, and tliey were driven back again to the shore. This
caused great anxiety, for they were nearly shipwrecked ; and, after a day of privation and exhaustion, Cadroe lay down on a bed, when he was advised, in a vision, to leave his nephew and some companions behind him, so that he might arrive prosperously at that place, for which they were bound. Wherefore, having related this admonition to his companions, Caddroe's nephew, having obtained a vehicle and some money to bear his travelling charges, was sent home. Then, the remaining missionaries embarked, and afterafavourablepassage,theyreachedtheportofBoulogne. Ithasbeen
stated, that Cadroe left, in company with Saints Malcallan,? ^ Fingen,79 Las- sarus^° and others, and about the year 946, or at least after 940. ^' After
landing, they journeyed on to the Monastery of Perrone, where our saint askedSt. Fursey^^inprayer,toshowwheretheyweretoserveGod. Then,
the Blessed Fursey appeared, in a nightly vision, and declared to our saint, that he should change his place. Herswindis, a noble, devout, and wealthy matron lived near, and the thirteen pilgrims, who had arrived, were invited to her house. They thought to elect St. Cadroe, as their superior, but he declined that office ; when, they agreed, that St. Malcallan^3 should be their abbot over a Monastery, known as St. Michael, in the wood of Therasche, where they lived by the labour of their hands, and aided by the munificence of
Herswindis, and of her husband. Count Filbert. But, Cadroe sought the
monastic habit, at Floriacum, or Fleury, under a holy superior, who is called Erchenald or Erkembald. ^-* This happened on the Feast of St. Paul's con- version. ^5 In like manner, St. Malcallan desired to live as a simple monk, under Agnoald, Abbot over Gorze, in Lorraine. Through the earnest solici- tations of Herswindes, both were brought back to St. Michael's Monastery,
7' From A. D. 941 10946.
"The Latin name for it is Wintonia.
7* Bishop Milner has written a very inter-
esting and learned "History of Winchester. " 75 This town is of great antiquity, and derives its name from the River Wily. It is supposed, by Baxter, to have been for- merly the Caer-Guilo, or capital of the British Prince Caroilius, and subsequently a seat of the West Saxon kings. In 905, it
only eight from Dover or Canterbury. It was called Westhyt, and later still Hyth, a town most convenient for a passage over to Gallic Belgium, but latterly much choked, at the port, with drifting sea-sand.
'^ See his Life, at the 2ist of January.
79 See his Life, at the 5th of February.
^° His identity has not been discovered. ^' See Dr. Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical His-
tory of Ireland," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. was erected into an episcopal see, for the ii. , and n. 4, pp. 396, 398.
district of Wiltshire. About the ^* See his at the i6th of beginning Life,
of King Athelstan's reign, dating from A. D. 925 to 941, St. Odo became its bishop, and in 942, he was translated to be Archbishop of Canterbury. Wilton is 85 miles W. S. W. from London.
7"^ His feast is kept on the 4th of July, and
he died at a great age, A. D. 961. He ap- pears to have been Archbishop of Canter- bury, when he first knew St. Cadroe.
77 Ptolomy calls it Alfirfv. Camden tells us, it was thirty miles from London, but
January. ^3 By Flodoard, he is called Maccalinus.
^* According to Claude Robart, in the "Gallia Christiana," he immediately suc- ceeded St. Odo, of Cluny, who died on the
i8th of November, and according to Flo- doard, A. D. 943. See the catalogue of the Abbots of Fleury. He is said, by Butler, to have become a monk at St. I3ennet's on the Loire.
^5 On the 25th of January.
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS 191
at Thierasche. Again, the Abbey of Wasor,^^ called in Latin Valcidorus, or Vallis decora, was situated in the diocese and province of Namur, in
Belgium. It was founded, a. d. 944, by Count Eilbert and his wife Heresinde, under the invocation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it became a celebrated Benedictine institute. ^7 It was situated on the Meuse. This foundation was afterwardsunitedtothecongregationofBursfeld. ^^ St. MalcallanAvascalled upon to preside over both of these foundations ; but, finding that he could not conveniently govern both houses, he wished to resign Wasor to Cadroe's care. Several joined their entreaties to Malcallan's, and notwithstanding Cadroe's reluctance, his humility and desire to avoid scandal compelled him to consent, especially as King Otho I. , then king, and afterwards German Emperor, compelled him. Early distinguished for zeal and piety, it has been stated, that Cadroe lived under the rule of a venerated master, Forannan,^? intheMonasteryofWasor,untilthedeathofthelatter,atthatplace. This, however, is a statement, by no means warranted, from the Acts of our saint as published ; and, in point of fact, the best informed writers assert, that St. Forannan succeeded him as superior over this establishment. While, in all his actions, Cadroe kept the example of his great predecessor and master in view ; his devotions and religious austerities were remarkable, and his great celebrity brought numbers to embrace a religious life, subject to his rule. Among these was a nobleman, named Girerus,9° who having received a wound from a knife, while engaged in the kitchen, he was miraculously
healed by the holy abbot. Herswindes had founded another religious establishment, about two miles from St. Michael's Monastery, and there she had a number of nuns to serve the Lord, at a place called Bucceleum. 9^ Here, one of the nuns, supposed to be possessed by an evil spirit, received relief, through the ministry of St. Cadroe. Then, his fame had culminated, and Adalberus, the noble and pious Bishop of Metz, called to his coimcils two venerable men, named Agenaldus9- and Ansteus,93 from whom he enquired about Cadroe, and obtained the most favourable report. The latter came to celebrate the festival of the holy martyr Gorgonius,94 and a great multitude of persons happened to be present on this occasion. Here, influence was brought to bear on Cadroe, so that he might leave Wasor, and take upon himself the government of a place, not far from Metz, where the bodies and relics of many saints had been long preserved, but which was then in a sadlyneglectedcondition. Havingconsentedtoassumethechargeofsouls, Cadroe selected some of his religious, at Wasor, to aid his future labours. Dr. Lanigan says, that Cadroe left an abbot there, in 954 or 955, when he removed to Metz. 95 But, the Acts of our saint have it, that the religious, who remained, selected one of their own choice f^ yet, it was not a fortunate
'^
It was also called Waulsor, Walcourt, and Vallencourt.
^^ Otho I. , King and afterwards Emperor
/Esia, between Veruinum and Capella.
9= He died a. d. 962, or the year imme-
diatdly preceding it.
^3 He was a monk of Gorze, and he was
created Abbot of St. Arnulph, A. D. 944. He died, A. D. 960.
s-t His feast occurs on the 9th of Septem- ber. He suffered at Rome, with St. Doro- Migne's Dictionnaire des Abbayes et theus. St. Chrodegangus, Bishop of Metz,
Monasteres, on Histoire des Etablissements Religieux eriges en tout Temps et en tous Lieux," &c. , col. 827.
^ See his Life, at the 30th of April.
of Germany, confirmed this foundation, A. D. "
946. See GalUa Christiana," tomus iii. , col. 570.
^^ No less than fifty-two abbots of this
house are commemorated. See L'Abbe "
5° Nothing further is known regarding Abbot of Gorze. _
^v^-
s' This was situated on the northern bank
of a stream, which flowed into the River
ss See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404. »* After Immonus, it is related, in the
transferred his body to Gorze, a. d. 765, according to Bishop Milo, in his Treatise,
" De Passione, Translatione, et Miraculis S.
Gorgonii," which was inscribed to Immon,
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. selection, nor did he note the words of the Prophet Ezechiel
:
[March 6.
" Son of man,
I have made thee a watchman to the House of Israel
;
and thou shalt hear
the word out of my mouth, and shalt tell it them from me. But, if thou give
warning to the wicked, and he be not converted from his wickedness, and
from his evil way ; he indeed shall die in his iniquity, but thou hast delivered
thysoul/^97 Havingtakenchargeoftheplace,nearMetz,Cadroebegantoset
about its restoration. Men and women flocked thither from the city each
day, while clerics, monks and nuns were desirous of receiving counsel from
him, and every manner of comfort in their spiritual necessities. He was
loved and venerated for his disinterestedness : he felt solicitude for the souls
of all : he had compassion for the sinner, and he rejoiced with those, who
received joy and blessings. On account of such great virtues, holy conver-
sation, and prudent moderation, he was named abbot of the house, by the
Bishop of Metz, and with the unanimous approval of his religious brethren.
This elevation took place in 980, according to the " Chronicon Valciodo-
rense ;" but, this is manifestly an error, founded on the supposition, that he
succeededForannanasAbbotofWasor. 9^ Averyseriousmistakehasbeen
made, by the Sanmarthann, brothers,99 when stating, that St. Cadroe or Cad-
roetus, a Scot, had been called from Luxeu, a. d. 929,'°° and that he lived
there with his companions, Otbert and Maximinus. At this early period,
our saint is stated to have presided over the Monastery of St. Felix and of
St. Clement,atMetz. '°' St. CadroepaidavisittoWasor,whentheFeastof
Blessed Gorgonius again came round ; for, he desired to meet Wltmarus or
Womarus,'°^ Abbot at Ghent, and Aledrandus,^°3 Abbot of Gemblours Mon-
astery. '°4 Cadroe had already passed the fort of Brieum,^°5 and his compa-
nions urged him to take some refreshment, at an hour earlier than usual,
because they had arrived at an agreeable spot, where a spring of water was
to be found. Cadroe turned to them and spoke in the words of holy writ :
" Wo to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and when thy princes eat in
morning. "
^'^ Then he told that there and God them, everywhere else,
the
could produce water. His companions assented, and remained fasting, until
they had entered a meadow when Cadroe said ;
:
" Behold, brethren, a
"Chronicon Walciodorense," that Code-
fridus, from the church of Rheims, was
elected abbot, but we are not told for what
length of time he presided. However, find this name written Womarus. He is owing to his insolent behaviour, the monks said to have succeeded the Abbot Hugo, expelled him. The Bollandists rather A. D. 955, and to have died on the sixth favour the conjecture, that he immediately
succeeded St. Cadroe, as this passage in his Acts seems to indicate.
97 Ezechiel iii. , 17, 19,
Kalends of September, A. D. 982.
'°3 Colgan thinks he was the same as
9^ Relying on the authority of the BoUan- dists, Dr. Lanigan makes Cadroe successor to Macallin, whom he considers first Abbot of
'*
Erluinus, Abbot of Gemblours, deprived of sight, A. D. 958, and who died A. D. 987.
Therefore, he considers the event, related in the text, to have occurred before the former year, as it was not likely a blind man would have made this journey on foot. But, Ale- dandrus was substituted for Erluinus, as abbot, and during the lifetime of the latter, he died A. D. 986.
'"^ It is called Gemmelaus, in a charter of Odio, given a. d. 946. See Miraeus' " In Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii," cap. 56.
'°s Colgan thinks this was the Castrum
Barris, or Barrense, built a. d. 951, by Fre- deric, son of Richimet, Duke of Lotharin- gia, and brother to Aberon, Bishop of Metz, according to Frodoard.
•"* Ecclesiastes x. , 16,
_
Wasor. See
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404.
100
in France.
Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
99 See "Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
^j j. |jjg period, he had not even landed
'°'
They profess to give a list of the abbots of this establishment, compiled from documents, furnished by Peter de Crochets, Prior of St. Arnulph. But, the Bollandists, who took care to examine the original docu- ments, could find in them nothing to war- rant such statements, nor could confirmation
of these be obtained from any other source, '°= In the Chronicle of St. Bavo, a manu- script relating to the Abbots of Ghent, we
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 193
When they complained, that no water was "
place suitable for our purpose,"
there fit for use, Cadroe replied
give water to his servants, since he ordered water to issue from the dry rock forhispeoplewhoweremurmuring. " Therewasareedyturfintheplace, and raising a sod, abundant water issued from the earth. Then turning to
:
Despair
not, for the hand of God can
" The
water to reward your charity, that you may learn how Christian charity is
always rich. " Then, having partaken of their meal, their journey was re- sumed; and,thefountainremaining,atthetimewhenSt. Cadroe'sActswere written,wasastandingtestimonyofhismeritsbeforeGod. Theinterestsof the religious house, consigned to his care, required that he should go to Count Frederick, ^°7 called the Duke, and by him our saint was kindly and courteously received. Running forward to receive him, Cadroe placed the staff he bore behind him, thinking one of his companions had been there to receive it ; when the Acts state, that a ray of sun-beam shot from the window, and on it the staff remained suspended. '"^ On returning from Wasor'°9 to Metz,"° he ordered a young ward to accompany him, and by making the sign of the cross over his eyes, these were healed of a grievous infirmity, whichseizedonthemduringthatjourney. "^ Again,hemiraculouslyhealed a young man, who was wasting away with fever, nearly a whole year. Another Scottish monk, called Lazarus,"^ lived with him in the monastery. He was reduced to the last extremity, by a fever, and the man of God happened to come, when that monk lay on the ground, and, as was thought, at the very point of death. Cadroe, taking his hands and making a sign of the cross, ordered him to lie on the bed for a while. To the great admira- tion of all, the sick monk recovered, and was soon able to use his feet. Ac- cording to the Psalmist, the Lord " will do the will of them that fear him, andhewillheartheirprayer,andsavethem. ""3 Sowerehismerciesmani- fested through St. Cadroe. The humility of this holy man was very remark- able ; his abstinence and frugality were admirable ; his patience was almost superhuman ; but, his charity was above all praise. At one time, John,"* Abbot of Gorze, who was a pillar in the temple of God, had been obliged to lie down on his bed, owing to weakness, brought on through his excessive
fasts. Knowing this, Cadroe visited Gorze, and ordered certain nutricious food to be prepared, for their joint refection. This John refused to touch,
at first, but, being commanded by Cadroe, who set the example, the abbot's pious scruples were removed. This obedience was the cause of returning health. Near Metz was a large convent of St. Peter,"5 and there the incom- parable Abbess Helvidis"^ presided over a large community of nuns. One
'°^
Count of Barrense, he became Duke of Lotharingia. Yet, by Lotharingia must not be understood the whole province, but only that part of it, on the Moselle, of which he was made first Duke or beneficiary, as Hosiers, Mirgeus, and other writers, state. However, the BoUandists correct Colgan's conclusions, by observing, that the fort Bar- rense had its name, from being commenced about the year 970, as a "
his Cadroe companions,
said,
clemency
of the
Almighty
hath sent this
Colgan supposes, that from being there, shortly before the latter assumed
gulum contra Francos. "
"*'
Legends similar to this often occur in the Acts of Celtic saints.
'°9 The BoUandists
appear, St. Cadroe did not wholly resign his care of Wasor, until the arrival of Forannan,
even while some irregularities prevailed
"s
tury, by St. Baldric, whose sister St. Bova first ruled over it, and then their relative St. Doda, venerated at the 24th of April. The
barra,
sen
repa-
charge.
"° This celebrated city of Lorraine is
situated on the Moselle River,
'" Colgan remarks, that when the author
of our saint's Acts wrote, there was living a witness of this great miracle.
"= Colgan does not think the present
monk's name is to be found in our Irish
Calendars, although the etymon was
common in Ireland. enough
"3 Psalms cxliv,, 19.
"< His feast occurs at the 27th of Feb-
ruary.
observe, that it would
This was founded in the seventh cen-
N
194 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
of these was thought to have been possessed \ and, as Cadroe knew this sort of demon was not to be cast out, save by prayer and fasting, being invited to the place, and thus fortified against him, the holy man cast out the evil spirit. When Adelbero, Bishop of Metz, had finished his thirty-five years of adminis- tration,"7 Theodoric,"^ belonging to the Imperial family,"^ and a man of singular ability, was called to succeed him by universal acclaim. ^^° The rank of his family olaliged him to engage much in temporal affairs ; however, this didnotpreventhimfrombuildingandrepairingchurches. Hedesired,like- wise, to collect memorials, relics and bodies of the saints, from every quarter, and to translate them into his diocese. He also loved the society of holy men, and especially was there a mutual affection, between himself and Blessed Cadroe ; while, through his influence, our holy abbot and his reli- gious had their house suitably endowed, while he desired the counsel and care of his devoted friend. '^' The Emperor Otho granted certain possessions and immunities to the Abbey of St. Felix"^ and of St. Clement,"3 in Metz, during the time Cadroe governed it, while he undertook to be its special protector. "4 It would seem, that our saint, in 960, reformed this house, "5 and ruled, likewise, over the Monastery of St. Symphorianus, while he lived there. "^ Ahistoryoftheoriginalfoundationisgiven,andanaccountofthe variousrestorations,bythebrothersSanmarthann. "? OursaintvisitedHel- vidis, who was stopping at a place, called Corruptala ; but, she complained that a sufficiency of meat was not to be had, for the purpose of entertaining himself and his companions. However, he declared to her, that the Lord should miraculously supply this want ; when a deer, chased by dogs, fell over an adjoining precipice, and broke his limbs, so that, the flesh of this animal was served up for refection of the guests. Being now famed for his miracles and virtues, the Blessed Cadroe desired to be dissolved, and to be with Christ. The Empress Dowager Adeleide,"^ the mother of the invincible
Sanmarthann state, that Adalberon, Bishop of Metz, had it restored under the rule of St. Benedict.
"* The Sanmarthann place Helvidis Ab- bess the thirteenth in order, and state that she died on the 17th of January, A. D. ii6o; but, the Bollandists observe, that the order and date must be changed, if the present holy woman be intended, as they seem to suspect.
"7 He died, A. D. 964, according to Claude Robert, in the "Gallia Christiana. " The
greater part of St. "Cadroe's Acts appertain to his pontificate.
"* He was the son of Duke Frederic, by Beatrice, the sister of Hugh Capet, accord- ing to Claude Robert.
"9 He was a cousin-german to the Empe- ror Otho, the Great, as Sigebert states in
from St. Felix, the third Bishop of Metz. It was near the gate of St. Theobald, and on
the declivity of a hill, near the small stream, called Sallia. His feast occurs on the 21st
of February.
"3 This holy man was first Bishop of
Metz, and his place was kno^^^l as Ad-basi- licas, where he lived as a recluse. The feast of St. Clement was held on the Sixth Nones of May, according to the Kalendars.
"* See Mabillon's " Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. Ixv. , sect, xxiii. , p. 500. Also, tomus i v. , lib. 1,, sect. Ixi. , p. 74.
"^ gee Bishop Forbes' *' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 294.
"* See Mabillon's "Annales Ordinis S.
Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. xlvii. , sect, xxiv. , p. 594. Colgan arrives at the conclusion, that this was a different one from the mon-
"
Chronicle," at A. D. 964.
twenty years,
his
'*> He sat for
and died A. D.
astery
of St. Felix and of St.
Clement,
984. Sigebert of Gemblours wrote his Life.
Sigebert relates, angel given St. Clement the first letters, according to name, of the Bishops of Metz : here some names were inscribed in gold, and some in other baser metals, according to their relative degrees of merit. Theodoric's initial letter was wrought in silver, but he said he should do so much for the bishopric,
that it ought to be inscribed in gold.
although likewise outside the walls of Metz.
Emperor granted
A. D. 992, in favour of Fingen, an Irishman, whom Colgan thinks to have been its first abbot.
"^ See " Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
"^ Relying on the ambiguous authority of William of Malmsburj', lib. ii. , cap. v. , Col- gan makes her daughter to Edward, Kmg of England, sister to Athelstan and Edmund,
'" thatan had
The Otho HI. a charter
»'^
This was the name it received at first,
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 195
Emperor Otho, had a great affection towards Cadroe and his religious. On her way to Italy, she arrived at a place, called Neheristeim,"? on the banks oftheRiverRhine. ThenceshesentamessagetoMetz,withanentreaty, that Cadroe should come to visit her. Although he knew, that his days were fast drawing to a close ; yet, being pressed by the messengers, and by the prelate Deodericus,^3o Cadroe charitably yielded to her request, and patiently set about the completion of his journey. On the way, he informed some of his attendant brothers, that death was fast impending, and a great grief
them. To console he " The of counsel them, said, Angel good
oppressed
shallnotdesertyou,mybrethren,unlessyoufirstleavehim. Receivethe
Lord's commands, with great eagerness, fulfil his work, and he shall direct
you in the way of eternal life. But, this miserable body, if my prayers have
weight with you, bear to the monastery, and there inter it. If the Empress
endeavour to detain me for a little time, do not oppose her wishes ; for,
should I die while there, let your charity bear with the privation of my inter-
mentinthemonastery. Astotherest,aftermydeath,youhavewisemen
among you, whose advic—e you should take, and do not fail to remember me
to the Abbess Heluidis a better woman than her I have never found,
accordingtomyhumblejudgment. InChrist'sname,givemyfarewellto
the Lord Bishop, and to my other friends, while you pray them to ask God
for mercy on my poor soul. " In the meantime, Cadroe hastened to meet the
Empress, who received him with great joy, and with every demonstration of
respect. He accosted her with these words, " Know you, sovereign lady,
why I came hither? " She replied, "Father, thy abounding charity hath
brought thee. " Then the man of God, with his sweet and radiant look, said,
" Indeed, while charity compelled me to come, necessity urged, also, that
coming I might ask a license. " '3i The meaning of this he knew, although
the Empress did not. When his visit had been prolonged for four days or
more, the pious lady yet urged his stay, and engaged the bishops present to
" Alas
entreated him to stop for two days longer, and with great reluctance, he con- sented. This was a subject of joy to his royal hostess, but when the dinner hour came, she sat down to table, with her noble company. Suddenly they were alarmed by a great fire breaking out, and a man, falHng from a great
height, and having his legs broken, was brought to Cadroe, who miraculously restored him to health. All the chiefs congratulated him on his merits, but this hurt his humility, and he besought them to speak no more on such a topic. The two days having elapsed, and the Empress still deferring her permission for his departure, a fever seized him, and soon his strength was completelyexhausted. CaUinghismonksaroundhim,herecommendedthem.
King of England, wife to Otho I. and ments. She had the following sons by mother to Otho II. This account, we have Otho : her first-born was Henry, her second incorrectly followed, also, in our notices of was Bruno, and the third was Otho ; she St. Fingen, at the 5th of February, n. 18.
it. Then
must hasten to leave, for my death is fast approaching, and yield not to those petitions, if you desire to bear my body to your monastery. " Still the Empress
request
Cadroe, turning
to his
monks, said,
! brothers, you
But, by Colgan, the Ethilda, mentioned by
William of Malmesbury, is thought to have been identical with Adeleide. Yet, the
Bollandists show, that the latter was daughter to Rudolph, King of the Burgun-
dians, and of his queen Bertha, daughter to Burchard, Duke of the Alemanni. Ade- laide married King Hugo, at first, and after his death, Otho became her husband. She was a person of rare virtue and accomplish-
had a daughter, called Edidis, probably Edith.
"» Or Neristen, where the Emperor Otho had an Imperial residence. See Mabillon's " Annals Ordinis S. Benedict! ," tomus iv. , lib. 1. , sect. Ixi. , p, 74.
'^'° He was probably living in or near the city of Metz.
'3' The succeeding narrative helps us little, in divining the meaning of these words, which are veiy obscuiely expressed.
196 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6
to hasten his journey, so that, if possible, he might reach his monastery alive. But, the final moment had arrived, and after the thirtieth year of his pilgrim- age, and in the seventieth year of his age, Cadroe was called away to his everlasting reward in the kingdom of heaven.
em bank of the River Tripallus.
thumbria. ThisErichadbeendrivenfrom Norway, by his brother Haco, and he had wandered for years an ocean pirate, until he landed in Northumbria, where he was im- mediately saluted as king. See Dr. Lin- gard's "History of England," vol. i. , chap, iv. , pp. 210, 211. In fine, Analaf, the fugitive prince, overcame him in battle, and Eric, sometimes called Eilric, perihsed A. D. 950, in the wilds of Stanemoor, through the treachery of Count Osulf, and the sword of Macco,thesonofAnalaf. SeeMatthewof Westminster, " Flores Historiaram," p. 369.
7° For this, we should more correctly
read, Eboracum, the present Archiepiscopal city of York.
'' By the ancients, it is variedly called
Lundinum, Londinum, Lugdina, Long- donia, and Lundonia.
:
If the you bring
1 90 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
turned his eyes and heart towards heaven, in prayer, and then raising his hand caused the flames to cease. Thus was the city saved from destruction, and
the inhabitants, giving praise to God, did not fail to proclaim the merits of his great servant Cadroe. It would seem, that during this time. King Edmund reigned in England,7^ and his palace or fortress was in the city of Winde-castra,73nowWinchester,? ^ Hegreatlydesiredtoseeoursaint,when the latter remained with and delighted him, for a time, by his agreeable society. The Bishop of Wilton,? ? St. Odo,? ^ conducted Caddroe to a port, calledLimenorLeman. ? ? Thereembarking,withhiscompanions,onsome vessels, a storm arose, and tliey were driven back again to the shore. This
caused great anxiety, for they were nearly shipwrecked ; and, after a day of privation and exhaustion, Cadroe lay down on a bed, when he was advised, in a vision, to leave his nephew and some companions behind him, so that he might arrive prosperously at that place, for which they were bound. Wherefore, having related this admonition to his companions, Caddroe's nephew, having obtained a vehicle and some money to bear his travelling charges, was sent home. Then, the remaining missionaries embarked, and afterafavourablepassage,theyreachedtheportofBoulogne. Ithasbeen
stated, that Cadroe left, in company with Saints Malcallan,? ^ Fingen,79 Las- sarus^° and others, and about the year 946, or at least after 940. ^' After
landing, they journeyed on to the Monastery of Perrone, where our saint askedSt. Fursey^^inprayer,toshowwheretheyweretoserveGod. Then,
the Blessed Fursey appeared, in a nightly vision, and declared to our saint, that he should change his place. Herswindis, a noble, devout, and wealthy matron lived near, and the thirteen pilgrims, who had arrived, were invited to her house. They thought to elect St. Cadroe, as their superior, but he declined that office ; when, they agreed, that St. Malcallan^3 should be their abbot over a Monastery, known as St. Michael, in the wood of Therasche, where they lived by the labour of their hands, and aided by the munificence of
Herswindis, and of her husband. Count Filbert. But, Cadroe sought the
monastic habit, at Floriacum, or Fleury, under a holy superior, who is called Erchenald or Erkembald. ^-* This happened on the Feast of St. Paul's con- version. ^5 In like manner, St. Malcallan desired to live as a simple monk, under Agnoald, Abbot over Gorze, in Lorraine. Through the earnest solici- tations of Herswindes, both were brought back to St. Michael's Monastery,
7' From A. D. 941 10946.
"The Latin name for it is Wintonia.
7* Bishop Milner has written a very inter-
esting and learned "History of Winchester. " 75 This town is of great antiquity, and derives its name from the River Wily. It is supposed, by Baxter, to have been for- merly the Caer-Guilo, or capital of the British Prince Caroilius, and subsequently a seat of the West Saxon kings. In 905, it
only eight from Dover or Canterbury. It was called Westhyt, and later still Hyth, a town most convenient for a passage over to Gallic Belgium, but latterly much choked, at the port, with drifting sea-sand.
'^ See his Life, at the 2ist of January.
79 See his Life, at the 5th of February.
^° His identity has not been discovered. ^' See Dr. Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical His-
tory of Ireland," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. was erected into an episcopal see, for the ii. , and n. 4, pp. 396, 398.
district of Wiltshire. About the ^* See his at the i6th of beginning Life,
of King Athelstan's reign, dating from A. D. 925 to 941, St. Odo became its bishop, and in 942, he was translated to be Archbishop of Canterbury. Wilton is 85 miles W. S. W. from London.
7"^ His feast is kept on the 4th of July, and
he died at a great age, A. D. 961. He ap- pears to have been Archbishop of Canter- bury, when he first knew St. Cadroe.
77 Ptolomy calls it Alfirfv. Camden tells us, it was thirty miles from London, but
January. ^3 By Flodoard, he is called Maccalinus.
^* According to Claude Robart, in the "Gallia Christiana," he immediately suc- ceeded St. Odo, of Cluny, who died on the
i8th of November, and according to Flo- doard, A. D. 943. See the catalogue of the Abbots of Fleury. He is said, by Butler, to have become a monk at St. I3ennet's on the Loire.
^5 On the 25th of January.
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS 191
at Thierasche. Again, the Abbey of Wasor,^^ called in Latin Valcidorus, or Vallis decora, was situated in the diocese and province of Namur, in
Belgium. It was founded, a. d. 944, by Count Eilbert and his wife Heresinde, under the invocation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it became a celebrated Benedictine institute. ^7 It was situated on the Meuse. This foundation was afterwardsunitedtothecongregationofBursfeld. ^^ St. MalcallanAvascalled upon to preside over both of these foundations ; but, finding that he could not conveniently govern both houses, he wished to resign Wasor to Cadroe's care. Several joined their entreaties to Malcallan's, and notwithstanding Cadroe's reluctance, his humility and desire to avoid scandal compelled him to consent, especially as King Otho I. , then king, and afterwards German Emperor, compelled him. Early distinguished for zeal and piety, it has been stated, that Cadroe lived under the rule of a venerated master, Forannan,^? intheMonasteryofWasor,untilthedeathofthelatter,atthatplace. This, however, is a statement, by no means warranted, from the Acts of our saint as published ; and, in point of fact, the best informed writers assert, that St. Forannan succeeded him as superior over this establishment. While, in all his actions, Cadroe kept the example of his great predecessor and master in view ; his devotions and religious austerities were remarkable, and his great celebrity brought numbers to embrace a religious life, subject to his rule. Among these was a nobleman, named Girerus,9° who having received a wound from a knife, while engaged in the kitchen, he was miraculously
healed by the holy abbot. Herswindes had founded another religious establishment, about two miles from St. Michael's Monastery, and there she had a number of nuns to serve the Lord, at a place called Bucceleum. 9^ Here, one of the nuns, supposed to be possessed by an evil spirit, received relief, through the ministry of St. Cadroe. Then, his fame had culminated, and Adalberus, the noble and pious Bishop of Metz, called to his coimcils two venerable men, named Agenaldus9- and Ansteus,93 from whom he enquired about Cadroe, and obtained the most favourable report. The latter came to celebrate the festival of the holy martyr Gorgonius,94 and a great multitude of persons happened to be present on this occasion. Here, influence was brought to bear on Cadroe, so that he might leave Wasor, and take upon himself the government of a place, not far from Metz, where the bodies and relics of many saints had been long preserved, but which was then in a sadlyneglectedcondition. Havingconsentedtoassumethechargeofsouls, Cadroe selected some of his religious, at Wasor, to aid his future labours. Dr. Lanigan says, that Cadroe left an abbot there, in 954 or 955, when he removed to Metz. 95 But, the Acts of our saint have it, that the religious, who remained, selected one of their own choice f^ yet, it was not a fortunate
'^
It was also called Waulsor, Walcourt, and Vallencourt.
^^ Otho I. , King and afterwards Emperor
/Esia, between Veruinum and Capella.
9= He died a. d. 962, or the year imme-
diatdly preceding it.
^3 He was a monk of Gorze, and he was
created Abbot of St. Arnulph, A. D. 944. He died, A. D. 960.
s-t His feast occurs on the 9th of Septem- ber. He suffered at Rome, with St. Doro- Migne's Dictionnaire des Abbayes et theus. St. Chrodegangus, Bishop of Metz,
Monasteres, on Histoire des Etablissements Religieux eriges en tout Temps et en tous Lieux," &c. , col. 827.
^ See his Life, at the 30th of April.
of Germany, confirmed this foundation, A. D. "
946. See GalUa Christiana," tomus iii. , col. 570.
^^ No less than fifty-two abbots of this
house are commemorated. See L'Abbe "
5° Nothing further is known regarding Abbot of Gorze. _
^v^-
s' This was situated on the northern bank
of a stream, which flowed into the River
ss See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404. »* After Immonus, it is related, in the
transferred his body to Gorze, a. d. 765, according to Bishop Milo, in his Treatise,
" De Passione, Translatione, et Miraculis S.
Gorgonii," which was inscribed to Immon,
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. selection, nor did he note the words of the Prophet Ezechiel
:
[March 6.
" Son of man,
I have made thee a watchman to the House of Israel
;
and thou shalt hear
the word out of my mouth, and shalt tell it them from me. But, if thou give
warning to the wicked, and he be not converted from his wickedness, and
from his evil way ; he indeed shall die in his iniquity, but thou hast delivered
thysoul/^97 Havingtakenchargeoftheplace,nearMetz,Cadroebegantoset
about its restoration. Men and women flocked thither from the city each
day, while clerics, monks and nuns were desirous of receiving counsel from
him, and every manner of comfort in their spiritual necessities. He was
loved and venerated for his disinterestedness : he felt solicitude for the souls
of all : he had compassion for the sinner, and he rejoiced with those, who
received joy and blessings. On account of such great virtues, holy conver-
sation, and prudent moderation, he was named abbot of the house, by the
Bishop of Metz, and with the unanimous approval of his religious brethren.
This elevation took place in 980, according to the " Chronicon Valciodo-
rense ;" but, this is manifestly an error, founded on the supposition, that he
succeededForannanasAbbotofWasor. 9^ Averyseriousmistakehasbeen
made, by the Sanmarthann, brothers,99 when stating, that St. Cadroe or Cad-
roetus, a Scot, had been called from Luxeu, a. d. 929,'°° and that he lived
there with his companions, Otbert and Maximinus. At this early period,
our saint is stated to have presided over the Monastery of St. Felix and of
St. Clement,atMetz. '°' St. CadroepaidavisittoWasor,whentheFeastof
Blessed Gorgonius again came round ; for, he desired to meet Wltmarus or
Womarus,'°^ Abbot at Ghent, and Aledrandus,^°3 Abbot of Gemblours Mon-
astery. '°4 Cadroe had already passed the fort of Brieum,^°5 and his compa-
nions urged him to take some refreshment, at an hour earlier than usual,
because they had arrived at an agreeable spot, where a spring of water was
to be found. Cadroe turned to them and spoke in the words of holy writ :
" Wo to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and when thy princes eat in
morning. "
^'^ Then he told that there and God them, everywhere else,
the
could produce water. His companions assented, and remained fasting, until
they had entered a meadow when Cadroe said ;
:
" Behold, brethren, a
"Chronicon Walciodorense," that Code-
fridus, from the church of Rheims, was
elected abbot, but we are not told for what
length of time he presided. However, find this name written Womarus. He is owing to his insolent behaviour, the monks said to have succeeded the Abbot Hugo, expelled him. The Bollandists rather A. D. 955, and to have died on the sixth favour the conjecture, that he immediately
succeeded St. Cadroe, as this passage in his Acts seems to indicate.
97 Ezechiel iii. , 17, 19,
Kalends of September, A. D. 982.
'°3 Colgan thinks he was the same as
9^ Relying on the authority of the BoUan- dists, Dr. Lanigan makes Cadroe successor to Macallin, whom he considers first Abbot of
'*
Erluinus, Abbot of Gemblours, deprived of sight, A. D. 958, and who died A. D. 987.
Therefore, he considers the event, related in the text, to have occurred before the former year, as it was not likely a blind man would have made this journey on foot. But, Ale- dandrus was substituted for Erluinus, as abbot, and during the lifetime of the latter, he died A. D. 986.
'"^ It is called Gemmelaus, in a charter of Odio, given a. d. 946. See Miraeus' " In Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii," cap. 56.
'°s Colgan thinks this was the Castrum
Barris, or Barrense, built a. d. 951, by Fre- deric, son of Richimet, Duke of Lotharin- gia, and brother to Aberon, Bishop of Metz, according to Frodoard.
•"* Ecclesiastes x. , 16,
_
Wasor. See
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404.
100
in France.
Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
99 See "Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
^j j. |jjg period, he had not even landed
'°'
They profess to give a list of the abbots of this establishment, compiled from documents, furnished by Peter de Crochets, Prior of St. Arnulph. But, the Bollandists, who took care to examine the original docu- ments, could find in them nothing to war- rant such statements, nor could confirmation
of these be obtained from any other source, '°= In the Chronicle of St. Bavo, a manu- script relating to the Abbots of Ghent, we
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 193
When they complained, that no water was "
place suitable for our purpose,"
there fit for use, Cadroe replied
give water to his servants, since he ordered water to issue from the dry rock forhispeoplewhoweremurmuring. " Therewasareedyturfintheplace, and raising a sod, abundant water issued from the earth. Then turning to
:
Despair
not, for the hand of God can
" The
water to reward your charity, that you may learn how Christian charity is
always rich. " Then, having partaken of their meal, their journey was re- sumed; and,thefountainremaining,atthetimewhenSt. Cadroe'sActswere written,wasastandingtestimonyofhismeritsbeforeGod. Theinterestsof the religious house, consigned to his care, required that he should go to Count Frederick, ^°7 called the Duke, and by him our saint was kindly and courteously received. Running forward to receive him, Cadroe placed the staff he bore behind him, thinking one of his companions had been there to receive it ; when the Acts state, that a ray of sun-beam shot from the window, and on it the staff remained suspended. '"^ On returning from Wasor'°9 to Metz,"° he ordered a young ward to accompany him, and by making the sign of the cross over his eyes, these were healed of a grievous infirmity, whichseizedonthemduringthatjourney. "^ Again,hemiraculouslyhealed a young man, who was wasting away with fever, nearly a whole year. Another Scottish monk, called Lazarus,"^ lived with him in the monastery. He was reduced to the last extremity, by a fever, and the man of God happened to come, when that monk lay on the ground, and, as was thought, at the very point of death. Cadroe, taking his hands and making a sign of the cross, ordered him to lie on the bed for a while. To the great admira- tion of all, the sick monk recovered, and was soon able to use his feet. Ac- cording to the Psalmist, the Lord " will do the will of them that fear him, andhewillheartheirprayer,andsavethem. ""3 Sowerehismerciesmani- fested through St. Cadroe. The humility of this holy man was very remark- able ; his abstinence and frugality were admirable ; his patience was almost superhuman ; but, his charity was above all praise. At one time, John,"* Abbot of Gorze, who was a pillar in the temple of God, had been obliged to lie down on his bed, owing to weakness, brought on through his excessive
fasts. Knowing this, Cadroe visited Gorze, and ordered certain nutricious food to be prepared, for their joint refection. This John refused to touch,
at first, but, being commanded by Cadroe, who set the example, the abbot's pious scruples were removed. This obedience was the cause of returning health. Near Metz was a large convent of St. Peter,"5 and there the incom- parable Abbess Helvidis"^ presided over a large community of nuns. One
'°^
Count of Barrense, he became Duke of Lotharingia. Yet, by Lotharingia must not be understood the whole province, but only that part of it, on the Moselle, of which he was made first Duke or beneficiary, as Hosiers, Mirgeus, and other writers, state. However, the BoUandists correct Colgan's conclusions, by observing, that the fort Bar- rense had its name, from being commenced about the year 970, as a "
his Cadroe companions,
said,
clemency
of the
Almighty
hath sent this
Colgan supposes, that from being there, shortly before the latter assumed
gulum contra Francos. "
"*'
Legends similar to this often occur in the Acts of Celtic saints.
'°9 The BoUandists
appear, St. Cadroe did not wholly resign his care of Wasor, until the arrival of Forannan,
even while some irregularities prevailed
"s
tury, by St. Baldric, whose sister St. Bova first ruled over it, and then their relative St. Doda, venerated at the 24th of April. The
barra,
sen
repa-
charge.
"° This celebrated city of Lorraine is
situated on the Moselle River,
'" Colgan remarks, that when the author
of our saint's Acts wrote, there was living a witness of this great miracle.
"= Colgan does not think the present
monk's name is to be found in our Irish
Calendars, although the etymon was
common in Ireland. enough
"3 Psalms cxliv,, 19.
"< His feast occurs at the 27th of Feb-
ruary.
observe, that it would
This was founded in the seventh cen-
N
194 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
of these was thought to have been possessed \ and, as Cadroe knew this sort of demon was not to be cast out, save by prayer and fasting, being invited to the place, and thus fortified against him, the holy man cast out the evil spirit. When Adelbero, Bishop of Metz, had finished his thirty-five years of adminis- tration,"7 Theodoric,"^ belonging to the Imperial family,"^ and a man of singular ability, was called to succeed him by universal acclaim. ^^° The rank of his family olaliged him to engage much in temporal affairs ; however, this didnotpreventhimfrombuildingandrepairingchurches. Hedesired,like- wise, to collect memorials, relics and bodies of the saints, from every quarter, and to translate them into his diocese. He also loved the society of holy men, and especially was there a mutual affection, between himself and Blessed Cadroe ; while, through his influence, our holy abbot and his reli- gious had their house suitably endowed, while he desired the counsel and care of his devoted friend. '^' The Emperor Otho granted certain possessions and immunities to the Abbey of St. Felix"^ and of St. Clement,"3 in Metz, during the time Cadroe governed it, while he undertook to be its special protector. "4 It would seem, that our saint, in 960, reformed this house, "5 and ruled, likewise, over the Monastery of St. Symphorianus, while he lived there. "^ Ahistoryoftheoriginalfoundationisgiven,andanaccountofthe variousrestorations,bythebrothersSanmarthann. "? OursaintvisitedHel- vidis, who was stopping at a place, called Corruptala ; but, she complained that a sufficiency of meat was not to be had, for the purpose of entertaining himself and his companions. However, he declared to her, that the Lord should miraculously supply this want ; when a deer, chased by dogs, fell over an adjoining precipice, and broke his limbs, so that, the flesh of this animal was served up for refection of the guests. Being now famed for his miracles and virtues, the Blessed Cadroe desired to be dissolved, and to be with Christ. The Empress Dowager Adeleide,"^ the mother of the invincible
Sanmarthann state, that Adalberon, Bishop of Metz, had it restored under the rule of St. Benedict.
"* The Sanmarthann place Helvidis Ab- bess the thirteenth in order, and state that she died on the 17th of January, A. D. ii6o; but, the Bollandists observe, that the order and date must be changed, if the present holy woman be intended, as they seem to suspect.
"7 He died, A. D. 964, according to Claude Robert, in the "Gallia Christiana. " The
greater part of St. "Cadroe's Acts appertain to his pontificate.
"* He was the son of Duke Frederic, by Beatrice, the sister of Hugh Capet, accord- ing to Claude Robert.
"9 He was a cousin-german to the Empe- ror Otho, the Great, as Sigebert states in
from St. Felix, the third Bishop of Metz. It was near the gate of St. Theobald, and on
the declivity of a hill, near the small stream, called Sallia. His feast occurs on the 21st
of February.
"3 This holy man was first Bishop of
Metz, and his place was kno^^^l as Ad-basi- licas, where he lived as a recluse. The feast of St. Clement was held on the Sixth Nones of May, according to the Kalendars.
"* See Mabillon's " Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. Ixv. , sect, xxiii. , p. 500. Also, tomus i v. , lib. 1,, sect. Ixi. , p. 74.
"^ gee Bishop Forbes' *' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 294.
"* See Mabillon's "Annales Ordinis S.
Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. xlvii. , sect, xxiv. , p. 594. Colgan arrives at the conclusion, that this was a different one from the mon-
"
Chronicle," at A. D. 964.
twenty years,
his
'*> He sat for
and died A. D.
astery
of St. Felix and of St.
Clement,
984. Sigebert of Gemblours wrote his Life.
Sigebert relates, angel given St. Clement the first letters, according to name, of the Bishops of Metz : here some names were inscribed in gold, and some in other baser metals, according to their relative degrees of merit. Theodoric's initial letter was wrought in silver, but he said he should do so much for the bishopric,
that it ought to be inscribed in gold.
although likewise outside the walls of Metz.
Emperor granted
A. D. 992, in favour of Fingen, an Irishman, whom Colgan thinks to have been its first abbot.
"^ See " Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
"^ Relying on the ambiguous authority of William of Malmsburj', lib. ii. , cap. v. , Col- gan makes her daughter to Edward, Kmg of England, sister to Athelstan and Edmund,
'" thatan had
The Otho HI. a charter
»'^
This was the name it received at first,
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 195
Emperor Otho, had a great affection towards Cadroe and his religious. On her way to Italy, she arrived at a place, called Neheristeim,"? on the banks oftheRiverRhine. ThenceshesentamessagetoMetz,withanentreaty, that Cadroe should come to visit her. Although he knew, that his days were fast drawing to a close ; yet, being pressed by the messengers, and by the prelate Deodericus,^3o Cadroe charitably yielded to her request, and patiently set about the completion of his journey. On the way, he informed some of his attendant brothers, that death was fast impending, and a great grief
them. To console he " The of counsel them, said, Angel good
oppressed
shallnotdesertyou,mybrethren,unlessyoufirstleavehim. Receivethe
Lord's commands, with great eagerness, fulfil his work, and he shall direct
you in the way of eternal life. But, this miserable body, if my prayers have
weight with you, bear to the monastery, and there inter it. If the Empress
endeavour to detain me for a little time, do not oppose her wishes ; for,
should I die while there, let your charity bear with the privation of my inter-
mentinthemonastery. Astotherest,aftermydeath,youhavewisemen
among you, whose advic—e you should take, and do not fail to remember me
to the Abbess Heluidis a better woman than her I have never found,
accordingtomyhumblejudgment. InChrist'sname,givemyfarewellto
the Lord Bishop, and to my other friends, while you pray them to ask God
for mercy on my poor soul. " In the meantime, Cadroe hastened to meet the
Empress, who received him with great joy, and with every demonstration of
respect. He accosted her with these words, " Know you, sovereign lady,
why I came hither? " She replied, "Father, thy abounding charity hath
brought thee. " Then the man of God, with his sweet and radiant look, said,
" Indeed, while charity compelled me to come, necessity urged, also, that
coming I might ask a license. " '3i The meaning of this he knew, although
the Empress did not. When his visit had been prolonged for four days or
more, the pious lady yet urged his stay, and engaged the bishops present to
" Alas
entreated him to stop for two days longer, and with great reluctance, he con- sented. This was a subject of joy to his royal hostess, but when the dinner hour came, she sat down to table, with her noble company. Suddenly they were alarmed by a great fire breaking out, and a man, falHng from a great
height, and having his legs broken, was brought to Cadroe, who miraculously restored him to health. All the chiefs congratulated him on his merits, but this hurt his humility, and he besought them to speak no more on such a topic. The two days having elapsed, and the Empress still deferring her permission for his departure, a fever seized him, and soon his strength was completelyexhausted. CaUinghismonksaroundhim,herecommendedthem.
King of England, wife to Otho I. and ments. She had the following sons by mother to Otho II. This account, we have Otho : her first-born was Henry, her second incorrectly followed, also, in our notices of was Bruno, and the third was Otho ; she St. Fingen, at the 5th of February, n. 18.
it. Then
must hasten to leave, for my death is fast approaching, and yield not to those petitions, if you desire to bear my body to your monastery. " Still the Empress
request
Cadroe, turning
to his
monks, said,
! brothers, you
But, by Colgan, the Ethilda, mentioned by
William of Malmesbury, is thought to have been identical with Adeleide. Yet, the
Bollandists show, that the latter was daughter to Rudolph, King of the Burgun-
dians, and of his queen Bertha, daughter to Burchard, Duke of the Alemanni. Ade- laide married King Hugo, at first, and after his death, Otho became her husband. She was a person of rare virtue and accomplish-
had a daughter, called Edidis, probably Edith.
"» Or Neristen, where the Emperor Otho had an Imperial residence. See Mabillon's " Annals Ordinis S. Benedict! ," tomus iv. , lib. 1. , sect. Ixi. , p, 74.
'^'° He was probably living in or near the city of Metz.
'3' The succeeding narrative helps us little, in divining the meaning of these words, which are veiy obscuiely expressed.
196 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6
to hasten his journey, so that, if possible, he might reach his monastery alive. But, the final moment had arrived, and after the thirtieth year of his pilgrim- age, and in the seventieth year of his age, Cadroe was called away to his everlasting reward in the kingdom of heaven.
