,
_decision
of the battle_: dat.
Beowulf
gumum, 127, 321; gen.
pl.
gumena,
73, 328, 474, 716, etc. --Comp. : driht-, seld-guma.
gum-cyn, st. n. , _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. wē synt gumcynnes
Gēata lēode, _people from the nation of the Gēatas_, 260; dat. pl. æfter
gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
gum-cyst, st. f. , _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl. )
gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv. , _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
gōdne bēaga bryttan, 1487; gumcystum gōd . . . hilde-hlemma (Bēowulf), 2544.
gum-drēam, st. m. , _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-drēam ofgeaf
(died), 2470.
gum-dryhten, st. m. , _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
gum-fēða, w. m. , _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg. , 1402.
gum-man, st. m. , _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
gum-stōl, st. m. , _man's seat, κατ' ἐζωχήν, ruler's seat, throne_: dat. sg.
in gumstōle, 1953.
gūð, st. f. , _combat, battle_: nom. sg. , 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
gūðe, 604; instr. sg. gūðe, 1998; dat. sg. tō (æt) gūðe, 438, 1473. 1536,
2354, etc. ; gen. sg. gūðe, 483, 527, 631, etc. ; dat. pl. gūðum, 1959, 2179;
gen. pl. gūða, 2513, 2544.
gūð-beorn, st. m. , _warrior_: gen. pl. gūð-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
the Danish coast_), 314.
gūð-bil, st. n. , _battle-bill_: nom. sg. gūðbill, 2585; gen. pl. gūð-billa
nān, 804.
gūð-byrne, w. f. , _battle-corselet_: nom. sg. , 321.
gūð-cearu, st. f. , _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. æfter
gūð-ceare, 1259.
gūð-cræft, st. m. , _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
gūð-cræft, 127.
gūð-cyning, st. m. , _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg. ,
199, 1970, 2336, etc.
gūð-dēað, st. m. , _death in battle_: nom. sg. , 2250.
gūð-floga, w. m. , _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wið þone gūðflogan (the
drake), 2529.
gūð-freca, w. m. , _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
gūð-freca, of the drake, 2415.
gūð-fremmend, pres. part. , _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
gūð-fremmendra, 246; gūð- (gōd-, MS. ) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
(meaning Bēowulf), 299.
gūð-gewǣde, st. n. , _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gūð-gewǣdo, 227; acc.
pl. -gewǣdu, 2618, 2631(? ), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewǣda, 2624.
gūð-geweorc, st. n. , _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl. , -geweorca, 679,
982, 1826.
gūð-geatwe, st. f. pl. , _equipment for combat_: acc. þā gūð-geatwa
(-getawa, MS. ), 2637; dat. in ēowrum gūð-geatawum, 395.
gūð-helm, st. m. , _battle-helmet_: nom. sg. , 2488.
gūð-horn, st. n. , _battle-horn_: acc. sg. , 1433.
gūð-hrēð, st. f. , _battle-fame_: nom. sg. , 820.
gūð-lēoð, st. n. , _battle-song_: acc. , sg. , 1523.
gūð-mōd, adj. , _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
pl. gūð-mōde, 306.
gūð-rǣs, st. m. , _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg. , 2992; gen. pl.
gūð-rǣsa, 1578, 2427.
gūð-rēow, adj. , _fierce in battle_: nom. sg. , 58.
gūð-rinc, st. m. , _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg. , 839, 1119,
1882; acc. sg. , 1502; gen. pl. gūð-rinca, 2649.
gūð-rōf, adj. , _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. , 609.
gūð-sceaða, w. m. , _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg. , of the drake,
2319.
gūð-scearu, st. f.
, _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. æfter gūð-sceare,
1214.
gūð-sele, st. m. , _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
sg. in þǣm gūðsele (in Heorot), 443.
gūð-searo, st. n. pl. , _battle-equipment, armor_; acc. , 215, 328.
gūð-sweord, st. n. , _battle-sword_: acc. sg. , 2155.
gūð-wērig, adj. , _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gūð-wērigne Grendel,
1587.
gūð-wine, st. m. , _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
sword: acc. sg. , 1811; instr. pl. þē mec gūð-winum grētan dorste, _who
dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
gūð-wiga, w. m. , _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg. , 2112.
gyd. See gid.
gyfan. See gifan.
gyldan. See gildan.
gylden, adj. , _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum bēage,
1164. --Comp. eal-gylden.
gylp. See gilp.
gyrdan, w. v. , _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
girt warrior_, 2079.
gyrn, st. n. , _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg. , 1776.
gyrn-wracu, st. f. , _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. tō gyrn-wræce, 1139; gen.
sg. þā wæs eft hraðe gearo gyrn-wræce Grendeles mōdor, _then was Grendel's
mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
gyrwan. See gerwan.
gystran. See gistran.
gȳman, w. v. w. gen. , _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
gȳmeð, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhȳda ne gȳm! _do not study arrogance_
(despise it), 1761.
for-gȳman, w. acc. , _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. hē þā
forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgȳmeð, 1752.
gȳtsian. See gītsian.
gȳt. See gīt.
H
habban, w. v. , _to have_: 1) w. acc. : pres. sg. I. þæs ic wēn hæbbe (_as I
hope_), 383; þē ic geweald hæbbe, 951; ic mē on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þū nū [friðu]
hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbað wē . . . micel ǣrende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
þæt hē þrīttiges manna mægencræft on his mundgripe hæbbe, 381. Blended with
the negative: pl. III. þæt be Sǣ-Gēatas sēlran næbben tō gecēosenne cyning
ǣnigne, _that the Sea-Gēatas will have no better king than you to choose_,
1851; imp. hafa nū and geheald hūsa sēlest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
3018; pret. sg. hæfde, 79, 518, 554; pl. hæfdon, 539. --2) used as an
auxiliary with the pret. part. : pres. sg. I. hæbbe ic . . . ongunnen, 408;
hæbbe ic . . . geāhsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafað, 474, 596;
pret. sg. hæfde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc. ; pl. hæfdon, 117,
695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nū scealc hafað dǣd gefremede,
940; hæfde se gōda . . . cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
formed the compounds: bord-, rond-hæbbend.
for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte wǣfre mōd
forhabban in hreðre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
breast_, 1152; ne mihte þā for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
wið-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þæt se wīnsele
wið-hæfde heaðo-dēorum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
773.
hafela, heafola, w. m. , _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
1781; nā þū mīnne þearft hafalan hȳdan, 446; þonne wē on orlege hafelan
weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwīta helm
hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121. --Comp. wīg-heafola.
hafenian, w. v. , _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. wǣpen hafenade heard be
hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
hafoc, st. m. , _hawk_: nom. sg. , 2264.
haga, w. m. , _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. tō
hagan, 2893, 2961.
haga, w. m. See ān-haga.
hama, homa, w. m. , _dress_: in the comp. flǣsc-, fyrd-, līc-hama, scīr-ham
(adj. ).
hamer, st. m. , _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lāfe
(swords), 2830.
hand, hond, st. f. , _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sīo swīðre . . . hand, _the right
hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc.
73, 328, 474, 716, etc. --Comp. : driht-, seld-guma.
gum-cyn, st. n. , _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. wē synt gumcynnes
Gēata lēode, _people from the nation of the Gēatas_, 260; dat. pl. æfter
gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
gum-cyst, st. f. , _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl. )
gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv. , _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
gōdne bēaga bryttan, 1487; gumcystum gōd . . . hilde-hlemma (Bēowulf), 2544.
gum-drēam, st. m. , _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-drēam ofgeaf
(died), 2470.
gum-dryhten, st. m. , _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
gum-fēða, w. m. , _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg. , 1402.
gum-man, st. m. , _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
gum-stōl, st. m. , _man's seat, κατ' ἐζωχήν, ruler's seat, throne_: dat. sg.
in gumstōle, 1953.
gūð, st. f. , _combat, battle_: nom. sg. , 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
gūðe, 604; instr. sg. gūðe, 1998; dat. sg. tō (æt) gūðe, 438, 1473. 1536,
2354, etc. ; gen. sg. gūðe, 483, 527, 631, etc. ; dat. pl. gūðum, 1959, 2179;
gen. pl. gūða, 2513, 2544.
gūð-beorn, st. m. , _warrior_: gen. pl. gūð-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
the Danish coast_), 314.
gūð-bil, st. n. , _battle-bill_: nom. sg. gūðbill, 2585; gen. pl. gūð-billa
nān, 804.
gūð-byrne, w. f. , _battle-corselet_: nom. sg. , 321.
gūð-cearu, st. f. , _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. æfter
gūð-ceare, 1259.
gūð-cræft, st. m. , _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
gūð-cræft, 127.
gūð-cyning, st. m. , _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg. ,
199, 1970, 2336, etc.
gūð-dēað, st. m. , _death in battle_: nom. sg. , 2250.
gūð-floga, w. m. , _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wið þone gūðflogan (the
drake), 2529.
gūð-freca, w. m. , _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
gūð-freca, of the drake, 2415.
gūð-fremmend, pres. part. , _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
gūð-fremmendra, 246; gūð- (gōd-, MS. ) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
(meaning Bēowulf), 299.
gūð-gewǣde, st. n. , _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gūð-gewǣdo, 227; acc.
pl. -gewǣdu, 2618, 2631(? ), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewǣda, 2624.
gūð-geweorc, st. n. , _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl. , -geweorca, 679,
982, 1826.
gūð-geatwe, st. f. pl. , _equipment for combat_: acc. þā gūð-geatwa
(-getawa, MS. ), 2637; dat. in ēowrum gūð-geatawum, 395.
gūð-helm, st. m. , _battle-helmet_: nom. sg. , 2488.
gūð-horn, st. n. , _battle-horn_: acc. sg. , 1433.
gūð-hrēð, st. f. , _battle-fame_: nom. sg. , 820.
gūð-lēoð, st. n. , _battle-song_: acc. , sg. , 1523.
gūð-mōd, adj. , _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
pl. gūð-mōde, 306.
gūð-rǣs, st. m. , _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg. , 2992; gen. pl.
gūð-rǣsa, 1578, 2427.
gūð-rēow, adj. , _fierce in battle_: nom. sg. , 58.
gūð-rinc, st. m. , _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg. , 839, 1119,
1882; acc. sg. , 1502; gen. pl. gūð-rinca, 2649.
gūð-rōf, adj. , _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. , 609.
gūð-sceaða, w. m. , _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg. , of the drake,
2319.
gūð-scearu, st. f.
, _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. æfter gūð-sceare,
1214.
gūð-sele, st. m. , _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
sg. in þǣm gūðsele (in Heorot), 443.
gūð-searo, st. n. pl. , _battle-equipment, armor_; acc. , 215, 328.
gūð-sweord, st. n. , _battle-sword_: acc. sg. , 2155.
gūð-wērig, adj. , _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gūð-wērigne Grendel,
1587.
gūð-wine, st. m. , _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
sword: acc. sg. , 1811; instr. pl. þē mec gūð-winum grētan dorste, _who
dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
gūð-wiga, w. m. , _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg. , 2112.
gyd. See gid.
gyfan. See gifan.
gyldan. See gildan.
gylden, adj. , _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum bēage,
1164. --Comp. eal-gylden.
gylp. See gilp.
gyrdan, w. v. , _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
girt warrior_, 2079.
gyrn, st. n. , _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg. , 1776.
gyrn-wracu, st. f. , _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. tō gyrn-wræce, 1139; gen.
sg. þā wæs eft hraðe gearo gyrn-wræce Grendeles mōdor, _then was Grendel's
mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
gyrwan. See gerwan.
gystran. See gistran.
gȳman, w. v. w. gen. , _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
gȳmeð, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhȳda ne gȳm! _do not study arrogance_
(despise it), 1761.
for-gȳman, w. acc. , _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. hē þā
forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgȳmeð, 1752.
gȳtsian. See gītsian.
gȳt. See gīt.
H
habban, w. v. , _to have_: 1) w. acc. : pres. sg. I. þæs ic wēn hæbbe (_as I
hope_), 383; þē ic geweald hæbbe, 951; ic mē on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þū nū [friðu]
hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbað wē . . . micel ǣrende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
þæt hē þrīttiges manna mægencræft on his mundgripe hæbbe, 381. Blended with
the negative: pl. III. þæt be Sǣ-Gēatas sēlran næbben tō gecēosenne cyning
ǣnigne, _that the Sea-Gēatas will have no better king than you to choose_,
1851; imp. hafa nū and geheald hūsa sēlest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
3018; pret. sg. hæfde, 79, 518, 554; pl. hæfdon, 539. --2) used as an
auxiliary with the pret. part. : pres. sg. I. hæbbe ic . . . ongunnen, 408;
hæbbe ic . . . geāhsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafað, 474, 596;
pret. sg. hæfde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc. ; pl. hæfdon, 117,
695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nū scealc hafað dǣd gefremede,
940; hæfde se gōda . . . cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
formed the compounds: bord-, rond-hæbbend.
for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte wǣfre mōd
forhabban in hreðre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
breast_, 1152; ne mihte þā for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
wið-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þæt se wīnsele
wið-hæfde heaðo-dēorum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
773.
hafela, heafola, w. m. , _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
1781; nā þū mīnne þearft hafalan hȳdan, 446; þonne wē on orlege hafelan
weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwīta helm
hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121. --Comp. wīg-heafola.
hafenian, w. v. , _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. wǣpen hafenade heard be
hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
hafoc, st. m. , _hawk_: nom. sg. , 2264.
haga, w. m. , _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. tō
hagan, 2893, 2961.
haga, w. m. See ān-haga.
hama, homa, w. m. , _dress_: in the comp. flǣsc-, fyrd-, līc-hama, scīr-ham
(adj. ).
hamer, st. m. , _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lāfe
(swords), 2830.
hand, hond, st. f. , _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sīo swīðre . . . hand, _the right
hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc.
