No More Learning

boga, w. m. , _bow_, of the bended form; here of the dragon, in comp.
hring-boga; as an instrument for shooting, in the comp. flān-, horn-boga;
bow of the arch, in comp. stān-boga.

bolca, w. m. , "forus navis" (Grein), _gangway_; here probably the planks
which at landing are laid from the ship to the shore: acc. sg. ofer bolcan,
231.

bold, st. n. , _building, house, edifice_: nom. sg. (Heorot), 998;
(Hygelāc's residence), 1926; (Bēowulfs residence), 2197, 2327. --Comp.
fold-bold.

bold-āgend, pt. , _house-owner, property-holder_: gen. pl. monegum
boldāgendra, 3113.

bolgen-mōd, adj. , _angry at heart, angry_, 710, 1714.

bolster, st. m. , _bolster, cushion, pillow_: dat. pl. (reced) geond-brǣded
wearð beddum and bolstrum, _was covered with beds and bolsters_,
1241. --Comp. hlēor-bolster.

bon-. See ban-.

bora, w. m. , _carrier, bringer, leader_: in the comp. mund-, rǣd-,
wǣg-bora.

bord, st. n. , _shield_: nom. sg. , 2674; acc. sg. , 2525; gen. pl. ofer borda
gebræc, _over the crashing of the shields_, 2260. --Comp. : hilde-, wīg-bord.

bord-hæbbend, pt. , _one having a shield, shield-bearer_: nom. pl. hæbbende,
2896.

bord-hrēoða, w. m. , _shield-cover, shield_ with particular reference to its
cover (of hides or linden bark): dat. sg. -hrēoðan, 2204.

bord-rand, st. m. , _shield_: acc. sg. , 2560.

bord-weall, st. m. , _shield-wall, wall of shields_: acc. sg. , 2981.

bord-wudu, st. m. , _shield-wood, shield_: acc. pl. beorhtan beord-wudu,
1244.

botm, st. m. , _bottom_: dat. sg. tō botme (here of the bottom of the
fen-lake), 1507.

bōt (emendation, cf. bētan), st. f. : 1) _relief, remedy_: nom. sg. , 281;
acc. sg. bōte, 935; acc. sg. bōte, 910. --2) _a performance in expiation, a
giving satisfaction, tribute_: gen. sg. bōte, 158.

brand, brond, st. m. : 1) _burning, fire_: nom. sg. þā sceal brond fretan
(_the burning of the body_), 3015; instr. sg. by hine ne mōston . . . bronde
forbærnan (_could not bestow upon him the solemn burning_), 2127; hæfde
landwara līge befangen, bǣle and bronde, _with glow, fire, and flame_,
2323. --2) in the passage, þæt hine nō brond nē beadomēcas bītan ne meahton,
1455, brond has been translated _sword, brand_ (after the O. N. brand-r).
The meaning _fire_ may be justified as well, if we consider that the old
helmets were generally made of leather, and only the principal parts were
mounted with bronze. The poet wishes here to emphasize the fact that the
helmet was made entirely of metal, a thing which was very unusual. --3) in
the passage, forgeaf þā Bēowulfe brand Healfdenes segen gyldenne, 1021, our
text, with other editions, has emendated, bearn, since brand, if it be
intended as a designation of Hrōðgār (perhaps _son_), has not up to this
time been found in this sense in A. -S.

brant, bront, adj. , _raging, foaming, going-high_, of ships and of waves:
acc. sg. brontne, 238, 568.

brād, adj. : 1) _extended, wide_: nom. pl. brāde rīce, 2208. --2) _broad_:
nom. sg. hēah and brād (of Bēowulf's grave-mound), 3159; acc. sg. brādne
mēce, 2979; (seax) brād [and] brūnecg, _the broad, short sword with bright
edge_, 1547. --3) _massive, in abundance_. acc, sg. brād gold, 3106.

ge-bræc, st. n. , _noise, crash_: acc. sg. borda gebræc, 2260.

geond-brǣdan, w. v. , _to spread over, to cover entirely_: pret. part.
geond-brǣded, 1240.

brecan, st. v. : 1) _to break, to break to pieces_: pret. bānhringas bræc,
(the sword) _broke the joints_, 1568. In a moral sense: pret. subj. þæt þǣr
ǣnig mon wǣre ne brǣce, _that no one should break the agreement_, 1101;
pret. part. þonne bīoð brocene . . . āð-sweord eorla, _then are the oaths of
the men broken_, 2064. --2) probably also simply _to break in upon
something, to press upon_, w. acc. : pret. sg. sǣdēor monig hildetūxum
heresyrcan bræc, _many a sea-animal pressed with his battle-teeth upon the
shirt of mail_ (did not break it, for, according to 1549 f. , 1553 f. , it
was still unharmed). 1512. --3) _to break out, to spring out_: inf. geseah
. . . strēam ūt brecan of beorge, _saw a stream break out from the rocks_,
2547; lēt se hearda Higelāces þegn brādne mēce . . . brecan ofer bordweal,
_caused the broadsword to spring out over the wall of shields_, 2981. --4)
figuratively, _to vex, not to let rest_: pret. hine fyrwyt bræc, _curiosity
tormented_ (N. H. G. brachte die Neugier um), 232, 1986, 2785.

ge-brecan, _to break to pieces_: pret. bānhūs gebræc, _broke in pieces his
body_ (Bēowulf in combat with Dæghrefn), 2509.

tō-brecan, _to break in pieces_: inf. , 781; pret. part. tō-brocen, 998.

þurh-brecan, _to break through_, pret. wordes ord brēosthord þurh-bræc,
_the word's point broke through his closed breast_, i. e. a word burst out
from his breast, 2793.

brecð, st. f. , _condition of being broken, breach_: nom. pl. mōdes brecða
(_sorrow of heart_), 171.

ā-bredwian, w. v. w. acc. , _to fell to the ground, to kill_ (? ): pret.
ābredwade, 2620.

bregdan, st. v. , properly _to swing round_, hence: 1) _to swing_: inf.
under sceadu bregdan, _swing among the shadows, to send into the realm of
shadows_, 708; pret. brægd ealde lāfe, _swung the old weapon_, 796; brægd
feorh-genīðlan, _swung his mortal enemy_ (Grendel's mother), threw her
down, 1540; pl. git ēagorstrēam . . . mundum brugdon, _stirred the sea with
your hands_ (of the movement of the hands in swimming), 514; pret. part.
brōden (brogden) mǣl, _the drawn sword_, 1617, 1668. --2) _to knit, to knot,
to plait_: inf.
, figuratively, inwitnet ōðrum bregdan, _to weave a
waylaying net for another_ (as we say in the same way, to lay a trap for
another, to dig a pit for another), 2168; pret. part. beadohrægl brōden, _a
woven shirt of mail_ (because it consisted of metal rings joined together),
552; similarly, 1549; brogdne beadusercean, 2756.

ā-bregdan, _to swing_: pret. hond up ā-bræd, _swung, raised his hand_,
2576.

ge-bregdan: 1) _swing_: pret. hring-mǣl gebrægd, _swung the ringed sword_,
1565; eald sweord ēacen . . . þæt ic þȳ wǣpne gebrægd, _an old heavy sword
that I swung as my weapon_, 1665; with interchanging instr. and acc.
wællseaxe gebrǣ, biter and beadu-scearp, 2704; also, _to draw out of the
sheath_: sweord ǣr gebrǣ, _had drawn the sword before_, 2563. --2) _to knit,
to knot, to plait_: pret. part. bere-byrne hondum gebrōden, 1444.

on-bregdan, _to tear open, to throw open_: pret. onbræd þā recedes mūðan,
_had then thrown open the entrance of the hall_ (onbregdan is used because
the opening door swings upon its hinges), 724.

brego, st. m. , _prince, ruler_: nom. sg. 427, 610.

brego-rōf, adj. , _powerful, like a ruler, of heroic strength _: nom. sg.
m. , 1926.

brego-stōl, st. m. , _throne_, figuratively for _rule_: acc. sg. him
gesealde seofon þūsendo, bold and brego-stōl, _seven thousand_ see under
sceat), _a country-seat, and the dignity of a prince_, 2197; þǣr him Hygd
gebēad . . . brego-stōl, _where H. offered him the chief power_, 2371; lēt
þone bregostōl Bēowulf healdan, _gave over to Bēowulf the chief power_ (did
not prevent Bēowulf from entering upon the government), 2390.

brēme, adj. , _known afar, renowned_. nom. sg. , 18.

brenting (see brant), st. m. , _ship craft_: nom. pl. brentingas, 2808.

ā-brēatan, st. v. , _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. ābrēot
brimwīsan, _killed the sea-king_ (King Hæðcyn), 2931. See brēotan.

brēost, st. n. : 1) _breast_: nom. sg. , 2177; often used in the pl. , so acc.
þæt mīne brēost wereð, _which protects my breast_, 453; dat. pl. beadohrægl
brōden on brēostum læg. 552. --2) _the inmost thoughts, the mind, the heart,
the bosom_: nom. sg. brēost innan wēoll þēostrum geþoncum, _his breast
heaved with troubled thoughts_, 2332; dat. pl. lēt þā of brēostum word ūt
faran, _caused the words to come out from his bosom_, 2551.

brēost-gehygd, st. n. f. , _breast-thought, secret thought_: instr. pl.
-gehygdum, 2819.

brēost-gewǣdu, st. n. pl. , _breast-clothing, garment covering the breast_,
of the coat of mail: nom. , 1212; acc. , 2163.

brēost-hord, st. m. , _breast-hoard, that which is locked in the breast,
heart, mind, thought, soul_: nom. sg. , 1720; acc. sg. , 2793.

brēost-net, st. n. , _breast-net, shirt of chain-mail, coat of mail_: nom.
sg. brēost-net brōden, 1549.

brēost-weorðung, st. f. , _ornament that is worn upon the breast_: acc. sg.
brēost-weorðunge, 2505: here the collar is meant which Bēowulf receives
from Wealhþēow (1196, 2174) as a present, and which B. , according to 2173,
presents to Hygd, while, according to 1203, it is in the possession of her
husband Hygelāc. In front the collar is trimmed with ornaments (frætwe),
which hang down upon the breast, hence the name brēost-weorðung.

brēost-wylm, st. m. , _heaving of the breast, emotion of the bosom_: acc.
sg, 1878.

brēotan, st. v. , _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. brēat
bēodgenēatas, _killed his table-companions_ (courtiers), 1714.

ā-brēotan, same as above: pret. þone þe hēo on ræste ābrēat, _whom she
killed upon his couch_, 1299; pret. part. þā þæt monige gewearð, þæt hine
sēo brimwylf ābroten hæfde, _many believed that the sea-wolf_ (Grendel's
mother) _had killed him_, 1600; hī hyne . . . ābroten hæfdon, _had killed
him_ (the dragon), 2708.

brim, st. n. , _flood, the sea_: nom. sg. , 848, 1595; gen. sg. tō brimes
faroðe, _to the sea_, 28; æt brimes nosan, _at the sea's promontory_, 2804;
nom. pl. brimu swaðredon, _the waves subsided_, 570.

brim-clif, st. n. , _sea-cliff, cliff washed by the sea_: acc. pl. -clifu,
222.

brim-lād, st. f. , _flood-way, sea-way_: acc. sg. þāra þe mid Bēowulfe
brimlāde tēah, _who had travelled the sea-way with B. _, 1052.

brim-līðend, pt, _sea-farer, sailor_ acc. p. -līðende, 568.

brim-strēam, st. m. , _sea-stream, the flood of the sea_: acc. pl. ofer
brim-strēamas, 1911.

brim-wīsa, w. m. , _sea-king_: acc. sg. brimwīsan, of Hæðcyn, king of the
Gēatas, 2931.

brim-wylf, st. f. , _sea-wolf_ (designation of Grendel's mother): nom. sg.
sēo brimwylf, 1507, 1600.

brim-wylm, st. m. , _sea-wave_: nom. sg. , 1495.

bringan, anom. v. , _to bring, to bear_: prs. sg. I. ic þē þūsenda þegna
bringe tō helpe, _bring to your assistance thousands of warriors_, 1830;
inf. sceal hringnaca ofer hēaðu bringan lāc and luftācen, _shall bring
gifts and love-tokens over the high sea_, 1863; similarly, 2149, 2505;
pret. pl. wē þās sǣlāc . . . brōhton, _brought this sea-offering_ (Grendel's
head), 1654.

ge-bringan, _to bring_: pres. subj. pl. þat wē þone gebringan . . . on
ādfære, _that we bring him upon the funeral-pile_, 3010.

brosnian, w. v. , _to crumble, to become rotten, to fall to pieces_: prs.
sg. III. herepād . . . brosnað æfter beorne, _the coat of mail falls to
pieces after_ (the death of) _the hero_, 2261.

brōðor, st. m. , _brother_: nom. sg. , 1325, 2441; dat sg. brēðer, 1263; gen.
sg. his brōðor bearn, 2620; dat. pl. brōðrum, 588, 1075.

ge-brōðru, pl. , _brethren, brothers_: dat. pl. sæt be þǣm gebrōðrum twǣm,
_sat by the two brothers_, 1192.

brōga, w. m. , _terror, horror_: nom. sg.