No More Learning

]
which is preserved by Athenaeus (iii. p. 96, b. , c. ). EGESTA. [ACESTES. )
Another play, Núpavvos, is ascribed to him by L. EGI'LIUS, one of the three commissioners
Näke on conjectural grounds; but Meineke as- who superintended the foundation of the colony
cribes it to Antiphanes. Another title, Atóvuros, planted at Luca, B. c. 177. (Liv. xli. 17. ) (C. P. M. ]


## p. 5 (#21) ###############################################

omparison of Suidas
xv. 13, p. 96, Gnisl. ;
es was said to have
plays by his slave
(P. S. )
erian chief, called
Scipio at Tarraco,
ender himself " 10
ting, at the same
who were among
Scipio's hands at
ht be restored to
d thereby greatly
Spain.
after the retreat
aluted Scipio as
s know better
40; Lir. xxvi.
(E. F. ]
ical ancestor of
8. 1. 'Hiwvio)
z the sense of
of the principal
urther signines
ly. Rom. An.
(L, S. )
nan divinity,
5s of children,
ust as Potina
I their sleep.
TO, ap. Non.
rent. Plora.
(L. S. )
EGNATIUS.
EILEITHYIA.
5
EGNATIA GENS, a family of Samnite origin, | father, a member of the senate, and retained that
some at least of whom settled at Teanum. At the dignity when his father's name was struck off the
end of the social war the greater part of these ap rolls. He was disinherited by his father. (Cic.
pear to bave removed to Rome, where two of them pro Cluent. 48. )
were admitted into the senate (Cic. pro Clucnt. 48), 5. Egnatius, probably a son of No. 4, accom-
though a branch of the family secms still to have panied Crassus on his expedition against the Par-
remained at Teanum. (Cic. ad Alt. vi. 1, mentions thians, and aſter the great defeat which Crassus
one Egnatius Sidicinus. ) We find the following sustained (B. C. 53), escaped from the scene of the
surnames borne by members of this gens : Celer, disaster with 300 horseinen. (Plut. Crussus, 27. )
Maximus, Rufus, and VERATIUS. [C. P. M. ] Appian (B. C. iv. 21) mentions two Egnatii,
EGNATIA MAXIMILLA, a descendant of father and son, who were included in the proscrip-
that branch of the Egnatia gens which bore the tion of the year B. c. 43, and were slain by a sin-
surname of Maximus, is mentioned by Tacitus gle blow, while locked in each other's arms. Thes
(. 1nn. xv. 71) as the wife of Glicius Gallus, who were perhaps the same with the two last.
was banished by the emperor Nero. She accom- 6. EGNATIUS SIDICINUS, mentioned by Cicero
panied her husband in his cxile. (C. P. M. ] as having had some money transactions with him.
EGNATIUS. 1. Gellius Egnatius, was (Ad Att. vi. 1. & 23. ) [Egnatia Gens. )
leader of the Samnites in the third great Samnite 7. EGNATIUS, a poet who wrote before Virgil.
war, which broke out B. C. 298. By the end of Macrobius (Sut. vi. 5) quotes some lines from his
the second campaign, the Samnites appeared en- poem De Rerum Natura.
(C. P. M. )
tirely subducd; but in the following year Gellius EGNATULEIUS, the name of a plebeian gens
Egnatius marched into Etruria, notwithstanding at Rome. The names of two only belonging to it
the presence of the Romans in Samnium, and have come down to us.
roused the Etruscans to a close co-operation against 1. C. EGNATULEIUS, C. F. , whose name is found
Rome. This had the effect of withdrawing the upon a coin figured below. The obverse represents
Roman troops for a time from Samnium; but the the head of Apollo with C. EGNATVLEI. C. (F. ),
forces of the confederates were defeated by the and the reverse Victory and a trophy, with
combined armies of the consuls L. Volumnius and Rom(A) beneath. The letter Q indicates that the
Appius Claudius. In the fourth campaign (B. C. coin was a Quinarius or half a Denarius. (Eckhel,
295) Egnatius induced the Gauls and Umbrians Doctr. Num. vol. v. p. 205. )
to join the confederacy ; but in consequence of the
withdrawal of the Etruscans and Umbrians, the
Gauls and Samnites fell back beyond the Apen-
nines, and were met by the Romans near the
town of Sentinum. A decisire battle, signalized
by the heroic devotion of P. Decius, ensued, in
which the confederate army was defeated, and
Egnatius slain. (Liv. x. 18--29. )
L. EGNATULEIUS, was quaestor in the year
2. Marius EGNATIUS, one of the principal B. C. 44, and commanded the fourth legion, which
leaders of the Italian allies in the social or Marsian deserted from Antony to Octavianus. As a re-
war, which broke out B. c. 90. He was doubtless ward for his conduct on this occasion, Cicero pro-
one of those twelve commanders, who were to be posed in the senate that he should be allowed to
chosen year by year by the allies, to serve underhold public offices three years before the legal time.
two consuls
. (Diod. Fragm. vol. x. p. 186, ed. Bip. ) (Cic. Phil
. iii. 3, 15, iv. 2, v. 19. ) [C. P. M. ]
In Livy he is called the leader of the Samnites. The EIDOʻMENE (Eidouérn), a daughter of Pheres
first of his exploits which we have mentioned is the and wife of Amythaon in Pylos, by whom she be-
capture of Venafrum, of which he made himself came the mother of Bias and Melampus. (Apollod.
master through treachery, and where he destroyed i. 9. § 11. ) In another passage (ii. 2. § 2) Apol-
two cohorts. Not long after, near Teanum, in a de- lodorus calls her a daughter of Abas. (L. S. ]
file of Mons Massicus, he fell unexpectedly on the EIDOʻTHEA (Eiðodéa), a daughter of the
army of the consul L. Caesar, which he put to aged Proteus, who instructed Menelaus, in the is-
flight. The Romans filed to Teanum, but lost a land of Pharos at the mouth of the river Aegyptus,
great number of men in crossing the Savo, over in what manner he might secure her father and
which there was but a single bridge. In the fol- compel him to say in what way he should return
lowing year Egnatius was killed in battle with the home. (Hom. Od. iv. 365, &c. )
Romans under the praetors C. Cosconius and Luc- There are three other mythical personages of
ceius. (Liv. Epit. Ixxv. ; Appiun, B. C. i. 40, 41, this name. (Hygin. Fub. 182; Schol. ad Soph.
45. )
Antig. 972; Anton. Lib. 30. ) (L. S. ]
It bas been ingeniously conjectured (by Prosper EILEITHYIA (Elaeiduia), also called Elei-
Merimée, in his Essai sur la Guerre Sociale) that thyia, Eilethyia, or Eleutho.
The ancients derive
the M. Marius of Sidicinum mentioned by A. Gel- her name from the verb dnevbelv, according to
lius as being suae civitatis nobilissimus homo, and which it would signify the coming or helping god-
who was treated with such gross indignity by one dess. She was the goddess of birth, who came to
of the consuls, probably of the year B. c. 123, was the assistance of women in labour; and when she
either the father or a near relative of Marius Eg- was kindly disposed, she furthered the birth, but
natius.
when she was angry, she protracted the labour
3. CN. EGNATIUS, a man of somewhat disrepu- and delayed the birth. These two functions were
table character, was admitted into the Roman se- originally assigned to different Eineroviai. (Hom.
nate, but was subsequently expelled by the censors. 11. xi. 270, xvi. 187, xix. 103; comp. Paus. i. 44.
(Cic. pro Cluent. 48. )
$ 3; Hesych. s. v. Ein erdviaz. ) Subsequently, how-
4. Egnatius, a son of the former, was, like his lever, both functions were attributed to one divi.
acian Thebe
and Podes.
d seren of
415, &e. ),
ich Eetion
e into the
izes at the
826, &c. )
de in the
ion of the
a silver
tent. (12
mythical
. ; Paus
L. S)
VLC
was the
, No. 1],
d as De-
after the
aughter-
was left
ding to
Je town
quinius
e place,
nysius,
ame is
tinus).
in con-
CINUS]
7. 64. )
sioners
colony
P. M. ]


## p. 6 (#22) ###############################################

6
EIRENE.
ELAGABALUS.
nity, and even in the later Homeric poems the occurs only on coins, and she is there represented
Cretan Eileithyia alone is mentioned. (Ilom. as a youthful female, holding in her left arm a cor-
Hymn. in Apoll. Del. 98, &c. , Od. xix. 188. ) Ac- nucopia and in her right hand an olive branch or
cording to the Iliad the Eileithyiae were daughters the staff of Hermes. Sometimes also she appears
of Hera, the goddess of marriage, whom they obey in the act of burning a pile of arms, or carrying
ed. (Hom. Il. xix. 119; comp. Pind. Nem. vii. init. ; corn-ears in her hand or upon her head. (Hirt.
Ov. Met. ix. 285, &c. ; Anton. Lib. 29. ) Accord Mythol. Bilderb. ii. p. 104. )
ing to Hesiod (Theog. 922) Zeus was the father of 2. A daughter of Poseidon and Melanthea, from
Eileithyia, and she was the sister of Hebe and whom the island of Calauria was, in early times,
Ares. (Apollod. i. 3. & 1. ) Artemis and Eileithyia called Eirene. (Plut. Quuest. Gr. 19. ) (L. S. )
were originally very different divinities, but there ELA EU'SIUS ('EACuovo los), if the name be
were still some features in their characters which correct, must have lived in or before the first
afterwards made them nearly identical. Artemis century after Christ, as he is quoted by Soranus
was believed to avert evil, and to protect what was (de Arte Obstetr. p. 210), who calls him one of the
young and tender, and sometimes she even assisted followers of Asclepiades, and says he was one of
women in labour. Artemis, moreover, was, like those physicians who considered that there were
Eileithyia, a maiden divinity; and although the certain diseases peculiar to the female sex, in op-
latter was the danghter of the goddess of marringe position to some other medical writers who held
and the divine midwife, neither husband, nor lover, the contrary opinion. He wrote a work on chronic
nor children of her are mentioned. She punished diseases (Xpóvia), of which the thirteenth book is
want of chastity by increasing the pains at the birth referred to by Soranus, but of which nothing now
of a child, and was therefore feared by maidens. remains.
(W. A. G. )
(Theocrit. xxvii. 28. ) Frequent births, too, were ELAGA'BALUS. The Roman emperor com-
displeasing to her. In an ancient hymn attributed monly known by this name, was the son of Julia
to Olen, which was sung in Delos, Eileithyia was Soemias and Sextus Varius Marcellus, and first
called the mother of Erog. (Paus. i. 18. $ 5. ix. 27. cousin once removed to Caracalla. (See genealogical
$ 2. ) Her worship appears to have been first table prefixed to the article CARACALLA. ] He
established among the Dorians in Crete, where was born at Emesa about A. D. 205, and was
she was believed to have been born in a cave in originally called VARICS Avitus Bassianus, a series
the territory of Cnossus. From thence her wor- of appellations derived from his father (Varius),
ship spread over Delos and Attica. According to maternal grandfather (Avitus), and maternal great-
a Delian tradition, Eileithyia was not born in grandfather (Bassianus). While yet almost a
Crete, but bad come to Delos from the Hyperbo- child he became, along with his first cousin Alex-
reans, for the purpose of assisting Leto. (Herod. ander Severus, priest of Elagabalus, the Syro-
iv. 35. ) She had a sanctuary at Athens, contain Phoenician Sun-god, to whose worship a gorgeous
ing three carved images of the goddess, which were temple was dedicated in his native city. The
covered all over down to the toes. Two were be history of his elevation to the purple, to which in
lieved to have been presented by Phaedra, and the earlier portion of his life he was not supposed
the third to have been brought by Erysichthon to possess any claim, was effected in a very singu-
from Delos. (Paus. i. 8. $ 15. ) Her statues, how- lar manner by his grandmother, Julia Maesa. She
ever, were not thus covered everywhere, as Pausa- had long enjoyed the splendours and dignities of
nias asserts, for at Aegion there was one in the imperial court in the society of her sister,
which the head, hands, and feet were uncovered. Julia Domna, the wife of Septimius Severus and
(Paus. vii. 23. & 5. ) She had sanctuaries in va- the mother of Geta and Caracalla. But after the
rious places, such as Sparta (Paus. iii. 17. $ 1, 14. murder of the latter by Macrinus, Maesa was com-
$ 6), Cleitor (viii. 21. § 2), Messene (iv. 31. & 7), pelled to return to Syria, there to dwell in un-
Tegea (viii. 48. § 5), Megara (i. 44. & 3), Her honoured retirement. While still smarting under
mione (ii. 35. 88), and other places.
a reverse peculiarly galling to her haughty temper,
The Elionia, who was worshipped at Argos as she received intelligence that the army was already
the goddess of birth (Plut. Quaest. Rom. 49), was disgusted by the parsimony and rigid discipline of
probably the same as Eileithyia. (Böttiger, li- their new ruler, and was sighing for the luxury
thyia oder die Hexe, Weimar, 1799; Müller, Dor. enjoyed under his predecessor. Maesa, skilled in
ii. 2. $ 14. )
(L. S. ] court intrigues and familiar with revolutions, quickly
EIOʻNEUS ('Hoveús), a son of Magnes, and perceived that this feeling might be turned to her
one of the suitors of Hippodameia, was slain by own advantage. A report was circulated with in-
Oenomaus. (Paus. vi. 21. § 7; Schol. ad Eurip. dustrious rapidity that Elagabalus was not the son
Phoen. 1748. ). There are three other mythical of his reputed father, but the offspring of a secret
personages of this name. (Hom. Il. vii. 11, x. 435; commerce between Soemias and Caracalla. The
Dia. )
(L. S. ) troops stationed in the vicinity to guard the Phoe
EIRE'NE (Eiphun). 1. The goddess of peace. nician border had already testified their admiration
After the victory of Timotheus over the Lacedae of the youth, whom they had seen upon their
monians, altars were erected to her at Athens at visits to Emesa gracefully performing the imposing
the public expense. (Corn. Nep. Timoth. 2 ; Plut. duties of his priesthood, and, having been further
Cim. 13. ) Her statue at Athens stood by the side propitiated by a liberal distribution of the wealth
of that of Amphiaraus, carrying in its arms Plutus, hoarded by Maesa, were easily persuaded to receive
the god of wealth (Paus. i. 8. & 3), and another Elagabalus with his whole family into the camp,
stood near that of Hestia in the Prytaneion. (i.