No More Learning

The Book Clonmacnois, compiled the 17th century Conla the work the last day June, 1627. was compiled from
various ancient annals, and contains Ireland, from the earliest times down century, ending 1466.
abstract the history the middle the 15th
Dublin, these
Colgan's Lives the Irish Saints. -John Colgan,
Donegal, became Franciscan friar, and lecturer Theology, the Irish monastery called the College St. Anthony, Louvain,
where died A. D. 1658. He was man vast learning, particularly Irish ecclesiastical history and antiquities, and after intense application and study, for period about 30 years,
with immense labour and indefatigable industry compiled se
are copies Trinity College, and other libraries and one the possession Mr. Geraghty, the publisher Annals.
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584 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
there collected to disperse, until he marched them, no notice or warning was sent to them, for they did both horse and foot, into the borders of the territory not think that he was restored to a state ofefficiency of the race of Owen, the son of Niall (Tyrone); from the confinement in which he had been, neither
work, entitled “Acta Sanctorum Veteris et Majoris Scotiae seu Hiberniae,” containing the Acts of the Irish Saints for January, February, and March. In 1647 he published, at Louvain, in ano ther large folio, the Lives of SS. Patrick, Bridget, and Columkille, the three great tutelar Saints of Ireland, which work he styled Trias Thaumaturga, and he dedicated it to Hugh O'Reilly, arch bishop of Armagh. Several other volumes of Colgan's MSS. , unpublished, on the Lives of the Irish Saints, are said to remain still at Louvain. Colgan's works contain vast information on Irish his tory, Antiquities, and Topography, but they are so rare, that when they occasionally turn up at book sales, they cost 20 guineas or more, and it would be a great desideratum to have them translated into English, and published with proper annotations. An account of Colgan and his works is given in Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
o
tive of Meath, a famous Irish poet, is mentioned by O’Reilly in the year 1715, and he enumerates his compositions. James Mac Cuairt, a eclebrated Bard in Ulster, is mentioned by O'Reilly in the year 1712, and he enumerates a great many of his composi tions in Irish, particularly a poem on the Battle of Aughrim. Many poets of the O'Reillys, Mac Bradys, O'Clerys, O’Farrellys, and Mac Cabes, in the county of Cavan, are mentioned by O'Reilly in the 18th century. Hugh O'Reilly, of the county of Cavan, an eminent lawyer in the reign of king James II. , wrote an excellent compendium on the history of Ireland, and the wars of Elizabeth and Cromwell.
Irish Catechisms. —The Rev. Francis O’Molloy a native of Meath, a Franciscan and lecturer in the College of St. Isidore at Rome, published in that city, in the year 1076, an Irish catechism, which is highly esteemed, and entitled Lochran-na-goreideamh ach, i. e. Lucerna Fidelium, or the Lamp of the Faithful; he also published a good Irish grammar. Bonaventure O'Hosey, a native
Hugh Ward, a native of Donegal, went to Spain, and studied
at Salamanca ; he becamea Franciscan friar, and learned lecturer
in Divinity, at the Irish College in Louvain, where he died in
1635. He was, like Colgan, a man of vast learning and industry;
he collected an immense number of ancient Irish MSS. , of which
Colgan made use when compiling the Lives of the Irish Saints.
Ward wrote many works on Irish ecclesiastical history and anti
quities, mentioned by Brennan, amongst others, a Life of St. Ru
moldus, who was bishop of Dublin, and afterwards bishop of
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, in the eighth century. Many emi
nent writers, poets, historians, &c. of the O'Clerys, and Mac Meath, and diocese of Kilmore. The Rev. Paul O'Brien, of whom
Wards of Donegal, in the 16th and 17th centuries, are mentioned in O'Reilly’s Irish Writers.
Many of the Catholic archbishops of Armagh, from the 14th to the 18th century, were eminent and learned men, of whom the fol lowing may be mentioned : Richard Fitzralph, who died in 1360, is said to have got the Bible translated into Irish. The Primate Octavian de Palatio, a Florentine, who died in 1513, was a man of great learning. George Dowdall, who died in 1558, wrote a Life of John de Courcy, and other works. Richard Creagh, who died in 1585, wrote several works on 1rish ecclesiastical history, Lives of saints, &c. Peter Lombard, who died in 1625, wrote a learned work on Irish history, entitled “de Regno Hibernia, Sanc torum Insula. ” Hugh Mac Caghwell, who died in 1626, wrote many learned works on Theology. The Primate, Oliver Plunket, who was put to death in London, in 1681, wrote a poem in the Irish language, celebrating Teamhair na Riogh, or Tara of the kings.
Jus Primatiale Armacanum, a work maintaining the authority
of the See of Armagh, as the seat of the Primacy, over that of Dub lin, was written and published in 1728, by Hugh Mac Mahon,
archbishop of Armagh, who died in 1737. This learned and cele brated work decided, in favour of Armagh, the controversy which had been carried on for many centuries, between the Sees of Dub lin and Armagh, respecting the Primacy. Michael O'Reilly, Pri mate of Armagh, who died at Drogheda about A. D. I758, published an Irish Catechism, which is in high estimation. Accounts of all these writers are given in Ware, in Stuart's Armagh, O'Reilly's Irish Writers, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Patrick Fleming, a relative of the lords of Slane, who died about A. D. 1623, wrote a Life of St. Columbanus and other works.
an account is given in O'Reilly's Writers, was likewise a native of the parish of Kilmainham Wood, and a relative of Carolan, the Bard. Dr. O'Brien was Irish Professor at the College of May nooth, where he died in 1820; he was a man of great abilities and acquirements, possessedgreat wit and poetical talents; he wrote many poems, and published an Irish grammar.
O'Reilly's Irish Writers and Dictionary. —Edward O'Reilly, a native of Meath, descended from the O'Reillys of Cavan, was an eminent Irish scholar, and secretary to the Hiberno-Celtic Society in Dublin, where he died in 1830. He published in the Transactions of the Hiberno-Celtic Society, in 1820, an Account of eminent Irish Writers from the earliest ages, to near the end of the 18th century; he also published an excellent Irish dictionary and grammar; Essays on the Brehon Laws, on the Poems of Ossian, &c.
Mac Geoghegan's History of Ireland. —This work was written in French by the Abbé James Mac Geoghegan, a learned ecclesi astic, a native of Westmeath, who resided for many years in France, and died at Paris in 1755; his History was published at Paris in 1758, and it was dedicated by Mac Geoghegan to the officers of the Irish Brigade in the service of France. This valuable work contains an Epitome of the history of Ireland, from the earliest ages to the end of the Revolution, and Treaty of Limerick, with
some other affairs terminating at A. D. 1692, but giving a short account of some subsequent events connected with the Irish Bri gades. This History was translated from the French by Patrick O'Kelly, and published in Dublin in the year 1835, in three vols. ; but was republished in 1844, in a very elegant style, in one large volume 8vo. , by Duffy of Dublin.
Taaffe's History of Ireland, written by the Rev. Dennis The Ecclesiastical Annals of Ireland, a valuable work, writ Taaffe, a native of Louth ; he was a Franciscan friar, and studied
ten in Latin, was published at Rome in 1690, by Francis Porter, a
native of Meath, a Franciscan, who died at Rome in 1702; he was a man of great learning, and published many other important
works mentioned by Brennan. -
Irish Dictionaries, &c. —In the year 1662is mentioned,in O’Reil
ly's Writers, Richard Plunket, a Franciscan friar of Trim in Meath,
who wrote a Latin and Irish dictionary, of which there are copies United Irishmen; he died in Thomas street, Dublin, in the year in Marsh's library, and in Trinity College, Dublin. Teige O'Neagh 1813, in the 60th year of his age. In writing his History of tan or Norton, a native of Meath, mentioned by O'Reilly in 1742, Ireland, his chief patrons were John Keogh, of Mount Jerome, and wrote an English-Irish dictionary, which is in the library of Trinity Dr. Mac Carthy, bishop of Cork. Taaffe's History of Ireland was College, Dublin, and also many poems. John O'Neaghtan, a na published in 1810, in four volumes 8vo. by Christie, in Dublin
of Fermanagh, wrote an excellent Irish catechism and Prayer Book, published at Rome in 1707, by the Society de Propaganda
Fide. The Rev. Andrew Donlevey, a native of Donegal, publish ed at Paris, in 1742, an Irish catechism, which is considered a work of great merit.
Torlogh O'Carolan, the famous Bard and Harper, who has been already mentioned in this article in the account of the Bards, was a native of Newtown, near Kilmainham Wood, in the county of
sometime in the University of Prague, and was a man of great abilities, but of eccentric habits. On his return to Ireland, he resided chiefly in Dublin, and, in 1798, actively cooperated with
the United Irishmen, and commanded personally with great bra very in Wexford and Wicklow ; his Biography is given in Cox's Irish Magazine, Lawless's History of Ireland, and Madden’s
did they contemplate to before the Tirconnal lians any former time. All the adjoining parts Tyrone were laid waste fire and sword by
that small force; every person taken who was
capable making resistance was put the sword and slain; this force having collected great booty,
Being written with too much haste, and under adverse cir cumstances, has some faults arrangement and chrono logical accuracy, but, notwithstanding, contains much interest ing information, written bold and patriotic style, and abounds
brilliant passages great spirit and beauty, with many power ful invectives against anti-Irish writers.
Curry's Civil Wars Ireland, written by John Curry, M. D. native Cootehill, the county Cavan he resided chiefly
Drogheda, andShirley's History Farney Monaghan.
Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores Veteres. —This work has been
Wars Ireland was first printed 1775, but has been several times republished Dublin. This valuable work contains com pilations from various sources, the wars Ireland the reign
Elizabeth, the Insurrection 1641, the Cromwellian war and the War the Revolution, with accounts the confiscations,
Charles O'Conor, the eminent literary family the O'Conors Roscommon, nephew the celebrated Charles O'Conor Belen agare. Dr. O'Conor was Librarian the late Duke Buckingham
Penal laws, &c.
the 17th and 18th centuries, many the Protestant Primates
bernicarum Scriptores Veteres was, the cost many thousand pounds, printed Buckingham between the years 1814 and 1826,
four large 4to. volumes. Sir Palgrave, his Rise the English Commonwealth, says this publication, “A work which, whether we consider the learning the editor, the value the materials, the princely munificence the Duke Buckingham,
whose expense was produced, without parallel modern
literature. ” The translator these Annals has had the high ho
mour being presented with copy the Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, his Grace the present Duke Buckingham, who has, this act liberality, evinced hereditary regard for the interests Irish literature; and may observed, that from these valuable volumes, presented his Grace, has been ex tracted vast deal the original matter, given the annotations
Armagh were very learned men, and eminent writers, particu larly the illustrious James Ussher, one the most learned men Europe the 17th century. The Primates John Bramhall, and John Hoadly, were likewise eminent writers. Many the bishops
the Archdiocese Armagh were highly distinguished these
times, William Bedell, bishop Kilmore, and Jeremy Taylor,
bishop Down and Connor, both whom were eminent for their learning and virtues; Bedell's Bible, containing the Old Testament
Prelate, published Church. Accounts their works, are given
Toland's History
1840, History the Irish Protestant the learned bishops above mentioned, and
Ware and Stuart's Armagh.
Druidism, and various other well known the celebrated John Toland, native
Trinity College gives the ancient history kings, princes, chiefs, and clans, and would
works, were written
Donegal, born Inisowen, near Derry, 1670; his name Irish was O'Tuathalain, which he anglicised Toland. His History
the Irish Druids learned work, and was republished Mon trose, Scotland, 1814.
Leinster, which should also
The Book Kilkenny, ancient work, often
Archdall's Monasticon and Lodge's Peerage. —The Rev. Mervyn
Archdall, native Fermanagh, tor Slane Meath, compiled still remain MS. Dublin,
Protestant clergyman, and rec several volumes, some which account the Monasteries
Ireland and other matters Ecclesiastical History. He published 1786 his Monasticon Hibernicum, very valuable work, giving account the Monasteries Ireland from the
earliest edition ditions
ages the Reformation; also published 1789 an
vols. Lodge's Peerage, with many valuable ad the original work.
Stuart's Armagh, printed Newry 1819, was written
the Rev. Dr. James Stuart, and excellent and impartial work containing the History Armagh from the earliest times, with accounts all the Catholic and Protestant Archbishops, and much general information Irish history and antiquities.
There are various other works connected with the history and topography Ulster, which may mentioned, Pynnar's Survey Ulster Harris's Hibernica; Dubordieu's Surveys Down
and Antrim, and Harris's Survey Down. Sampson's Survey Derry; Mac Evoy's Survey Tyrone, and Mac Parlan's Survey Donegal. Sir Charles Coote's Surveys Armagh, Monaghan and Cavan, Thompson's Survey Meath; and Survey West
meath Sir Henry Piers, Vallancy's Collectanea. Wright's
the Annals Ireland Thady Dowling, chancellor the latter end the 16th century, may mentioned
Leighlin, works
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
and comprises the period from the English invasion 1810. Louthiana the Antiquities Louth; D'Alton's History
one side, together with many learned Dissertations ancient Irish Dublin, where he died about 1780. His Review the Civil literature, &c. This great work was compiled the Rev. Dr.
translated into Irish, well known work. Richard Pococke,
bishop Meath, was celebrated antiquary and traveller the
East. William Nicholson, bishop Derry, was Author the
English, Irish, and Scotch Historical Libraries, and various other
learned works. Thomas Percy, bishop Dromore, was the cele
brated Author Reliques Ancient Poetry, and many other The ancient Literature Leinster. —A full account the an works. John Stearne, bishop Dromore and Clogher, was
learned Prelate, and great collector Irish MSS. , which are de posited Trinity College. Francis Hutchinson, bishop Down and Connor, published, 1734, Defence the Ancient History
Ireland. Richard Mant, bishop Down and Connor, learned
cient literature this province will given future time, should opportunity occur. Amongst the principal works, the
already mentioned, 134, contains many the chief works
the Annals the Four Masters,
the Annals Inisfallen, Tigearmach, and Boyle; and the
Annals Ulster, all translated into Latin, with the Irish text
contained the library
the Books Leacanand Ballyinote and copy
ster, and valuable work per annotations.
the library the history
the Literature Connaught. the ancient Irish annalists,
Stowe, and, under his patronage, this work, entitled Rerum Hi
the English invasion 1171
the course these Annals, never before published, and containing important information, and copious illustrations Irish history.
following may mentioned: The Book Leinster, which
Lein translated into English, and published with pro
O'Reilly ancient work
Festiology Aengus Cele De, celebrated writer the 8th century, who was abbot Clonenagh, the diocese Leighlin, and Queen's county, and who was native Dalaradia, the county Down, Ulster; was man great learning, and his work one the most important now extant the Lives the ancient Saints Ireland, but has never been translated published; there are copies the libraries Trinity College, and the Royal Irish Academy. The Book Howth, said
the Lambeth Library, London, was ancient work
note, and from chiefly was compiled Hanmer's Chronicle. The Annals Ireland, James Grace, prior St. John's Kilkenny,
written the 16th century; the Annals Ireland, John Clynn, Franciscan friar Kilkenny, the 14th century, and
The Book Glendalough, said Trinity College, Dublin,
and published.
quoted Colgan, his Lives the Irish Saints. The Feilire,
connected with the ancient literature Leinster. Analecta Sacra; Hibernia Resurgens Hierographia
Hiber nia and various other works Irish Ecclesiastical History and An tiquities, and the religious persecutions Ireland, were written David Roth, bishop Ossory, who died 1650,and much
praised Ware for his great learning; the above works were pub iished Cologne and other places between the years 1616 and 1640. The Bleeding Iphigenia, published Louvain 1674,and other
works, chiefly vindication the Confederate Catholics the war 1641, &c. , were written Nicholas French, bishop Ferns.
translated
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586 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
including cattle and flocks, returned into their own should pursuit such again, would territory. The fortress of O’Neill, i. e. of Torlogh not receive O’Donnell forgave him that oc
Luineach, was at that time at Strabane, and it was never customary for the O’Neill to reside there un the time that Torlogh; great was his ani
casion, and having returned back, remained
three days and nights the district, from which
the protected preys had been carried off, destroying mosity against the Tirconnallians, and against and completely devastating it; then proceeded
the brother-in-law O’Donnell, namely, the earl O'Neill. O'Neill brought party the English
Dublin aid him against the Tirconnallians, and the earl O’Neill, namely, captain Willis, and captain Fulart, with two hundred soldiers. was
back arrived space
his own country, and did not halt until Donegal, where remained for the
source mental affliction young O’Donnell
that the English Dublin should have come
the borders his territory, traverse his patri
mony, and the province large, which induced
him, week’s time, march with force into
Tyrone; the people the country fled they not leave the stronghold the fortress fight
had done former occasions, until they reached Ciannachta Glen Geimhin (now the barony Kenaught, Derry); proceeded until came close where O’Neill and the English were, with their troops, and O’Donnell commanded his forces
them, and when they were not encountered bat tle, what they did was set fire and flames the four sides the town, and they did not cease until they burned the houses that were outside the walls, and when they could not get the English
attack them their position; this they accord out prevent the destruction, they returned
ingly did, and made fierce rush and charge them mid-day; when they beheld the Tircon mallians advancing, they did not wait for them, but retreated protect themselves castle, which stood on the banks the river, called Roa (the river Roe, Derry); that was impregnable castle, and was the fortress O’Kane, and O’Don nell laid siege the castle. O’Kane sent his messenger O’Donnell, with writing, and the contents the letter were, that O’Donnell was foster-son his, that had formerly ratified his friendship for him, and that, under the protection
that friendship, hoped might spared
that occasion, behalf the property which had come under his guarantee and protection, and that,
Florilegium Insulae Sanctorum, &c. , learned work the Lives the Irish Saints, was written by the Rev. Thomas Mes singham, and published Paris 1624.
their homes with victory. As the earl O’Neill, when perceived the enmity Hugh Roe O’Donnell’s own kindred towards him, what did was proceed the lord justice, namely, William Fitzwilliam, obtain protection for O’Donnell appear before him, and hold con ference with him Dundalk, which was granted him; and having gone for O’Donnell Donegal,
took him with him Dundalk, and both having appeared before the lord justice, received them very kindly, and forgave O’Donnell for having
escaped, and they confirmed their peace and friend ship towards each other the strictest manner possible; these chiefs having taken their leave the lord justice, they left him their blessings, and
ham, and Burgo, and their various works, are given Ware and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Ware's Works accounts are given many learned writers, ancient and modern times Leinster, and the learned arch bishops Dublin, and bishops other sees Leinster, accounts are given Ware's Bishops by Harris; full account the Pri
Hibernia Dominicana, written by Thomas Burgo, Burke,
bishop Ossory, who died 1786. He was distinguished for
great learning and abilities, and, 1762, published his Hibernia
Dominicana, History the Dominican Monasteries Ireland, mates also given D'Alton's Archbishops Dublin. Amongst with an account of all the eminent men of the 1)ominican Order. the learned men Leinster may mentioned many eminent The work also contains immenseinformation Irish history, with Anglo-Irish Writers, most whose works were composed genealogies and biographies distinguished Irishmen the service
foreign states, &c. , and translated into English, and published, would form valuable work on Irish history. The Ilibernia Dominicana wasprinted Kilkenny, though said the title page
have been published Cologne, for such works were that time prohibited the Irish government; Burgo also wrote Lives several Irish saints. Accounts Roth, French, Messing
Dublin, the Histories, Annals and Chronicles Giraldus Cam brensis, Stanihurst, Hanmer, and Campion, Spenser's View Ire land, Ware's Antiquities and Bishops Harris, Vallancey's Collectanea, Grose's and Ledwich's Antiquities, Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, Carew's Pacata Hibernia, the Histories Ireland, &c.
Fynes Morrison, Leland, Warner, Borlase, Temple, Carte, Clarendon, Plowden, &c.
two months under cure. He considered too long that O’Neill and his English should not attacked during that time, and having col lected his forces, they marched over Barnus More, across the rivers Finn and Mourne, their pro
gress Strabane, where O’Neill and his English
were, and they did not halt until they arrived just before them; O’Neill, however, his English, did
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the bridge the monastery Boyle, and into the plains Connaught, and sent forth his predatory
Connaught), whom we have mentioned, surrendered themselves
The Clan William (Burkes
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
587
returned to their respective homes. When those maintaining that the rents not paid were
of the Tirconnallians who were in opposition to the waste lands, and that (Bingham), had
O'Donnell, heard of his having made peace with right demand rent from those wastes until they
the lord justice, they came peace and friend were set. Sir George sent soldiers into Brefney
ship
him the most eminent those who came
make prey lieu the rent, and the pledges which they happened meet with were Bryan O'Rourke's own milch cows; Bryan went de
restoration, granted him, mand their but was not
and having returned his own country, sent for some common soldiers and mercenaries into
Tyrone, Tirconnell, and Fermanagh; after they
had come him, did not halt day night until arrived Ballymote, and when near that town sent forth his scouring parties through the
two Triochas (baronies) the Mac Donoghs, viz. , Corran and Tirerrill Sligo), and very little those two territories that they did not plunder that single predatory expedition; also burned
there were Hugh, the son Huge Duv, son Hugh Roe (O’Donnell), Niall Garv, the son
Con, Calvach, -Manus, Hugh son son son
Duv (O’Donnell), and his brethren, and O'Dogh erty, namely, John Oge, the son John, son Felim, son Conor Carrach, after had been taken prisoner him.
A. D. 1593.
O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, was his own family
residence Lifford, the month January, this year, watching his enemy, namely, Torlogh Luin-
each, son Niall Conallach (O’Neill); continu wreak his vengeance and animosity him,
expel him from his lordship, and reduce him, order have Hugh O'Neill appointed his place;
was well for him that took the forethought, for lordship was granted Hugh O’Neill, and
Torlogh Luineach consented and submitted have the title conferred him. Hugh O’Neill, the earl, was then nominated the O’Neill, and Torlogh Luineach sent away the English had with him, after had made peace with O’Neill and O’Don
towns, every direction completely plundered Ballymote itself, well the other towns; many were slain who are not recorded, among whom were
nell; and this affair took place May precisely. The province
Neasa (Ulster), was subjected
the month Conor Mac
the peaceable
the other side; the son O’Rourke returned his country with preys and much booty, and this took place the first month summer.
Maguire, Hugh, the son Cuchonacht,
marched with force, imitation Bryan O’Rourke's force; first proceeded through the
government those two, and their hostages and south Brefney, the left hand side Lough captives were under their controul, that they Allen, along the south Tirerrill and Corran,
the day, through The governor, Sir have been that
thing their property, great wealth, before May night hill before the gate Tulsk, the this year, and such their people had not been barony Roscommon, watching the surrounding extirpated, put death, were dispersed and scat country; party the governor’s cavalry were tered throughout Ireland, seek for subsistence. scouring the hills every direction about the
warlike dissension arose between Sir George Tulach (Hill), which was, and they did not
out the neighbouring country. English plundered them, that they left them no Richard Bingham, happened
the governor Michaelmas this year; the
Bingham, Ballymote, and Bryan Oge-na-Sam
thach (of the Battle-axes), the son Bryan, son Bryan, son Owen O’Rourke, about May
this year. The cause that contention was, that portion the queen's rent had not been received from Brefney that festival, Bryan O’Rourke
perceive, through the dark mist the early morn ing, until they and Maguire, with his cavalry, con fronted each other; the governor's cavalry having turned their backs them, they were hotly pur
sued by Maguire and his people, who continued slaying and cutting them down, until they reached
that day thirteen about Ballymote, and
the son
the side gentleman
Cobthach Roe Mac Gauran, who fell on
Bryan, and Gilbert Graisine (Grace), Sir George's people, who fell
parties, early the beginning
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588 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1593.
the border of the place where the governor was ; they then turned on Maguire, and pursued him in the same direction back, until he arrived in the
midst of his forces. When the governor saw that he had not an equal number of men with them, he returned back, and he himself, and those along with him, escaped from that dangerous conflict,
except William Clifart (Clifford), eminent gen tleman, together with five six horsemen, who
were slain that occasion; on the other side
there were slain Edmond Magauran, Primate
Armagh, who accidentally happened have Bacach. These numerous and very great forces been along with Maguire; the abbot Maguire, overran the country, the eastern side Lough namely, Cathal Mac Anabbadh Mac Caffry, i. e.
Erne, from Carn More Slieve Beatha (the great Felim, and his brother's son; was on the Carn, Slievebagh mountain, the barony
3rd day the month July those were slain; but, however, Maguire was not followed from that time till night, and having carried off the preys, and great booty from the country,
by slow marches from one encampment until arrived Fermanagh. "
Maguire,and theforementioned Bryan O’Rourke,
The lord justice, after that, the following har
vest, commanded the great forces Meath, Lein ster, and Leath-Mogha (Munster), march into Ulster, and the governor the province Con naught commanded the forces, from the Shan non Drowis (Bundrowis, near Ballyshannon),
march and join them the river Erne. With respect the lord justice, gave his own com
Trough, county Monaghan, the border Tyrone), Easroe (at Ballyshannon). The earl Tyrone was not willing march that army,
but, however, his dread the English compelled
him serve them. When Hugh Maguire received intelligence that those great congregated forces, were marching towards him, sent his property and cattle, both cows and flocks, into Tirconnell for
mand that army the marshal Newry (Sir Henry Bagnall), and the earl Tyrone, namely, Hugh (O'Neill), the son Ferdorcha, son Conn
proceeded another,
were alliance, carrying war and devastation
against the English, during the Summer. Bryan, security, while himself, with the few forces
the son Hugh Oge, son Hugh, son John had along with him, his own territory, and Buighe Mac Mahon, Dartry Oirgiall, and common soldiers from other countries, remained the sons Eiver, the son Cu-ulla (Mac Ma on the western side the lake, Enniskillen, hon), Farney (both Monaghan), well oppose the English, determined not suffer them Richard, the son Ulick Burke, namely, Mac pass that place; they afterwards advanced Deamhain-an-Chorrain, were also plundering and long the left hand side the lake, until they ar
insurrection against the English. These Oir rived celebrated ford on the Erne, viz. , Ath giallians made attack company soldiers Chul-Uain; while they were coming that place, quartered Monaghan, and they slew the most Maguire, with his forces, was marching parallel
with them the western side the lake, until arrived the same ford on the other side; the English forces then entered the ford, which Ma
English forces were defeated, and Hugh Maguire transfixed with Death Primate Mac Gauran. -This prelate, Edmond spear, and slew the spot, Sir William Clifford, one the
them, which account proclamation was sent every great town Ireland, proclaiming those
we have mentioned, and their allies, be traitors.
Mac Gauran, was the old family the Mac Gaurans, chiefs Tullaghaw Cavan, and account him given Stuart's Armagh, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History; was conse crated, Rome, archbishop Armagh, and on his arrival Ireland, 1593, large reward was offered for his apprehension
A. D. 1593.
the lord deputy, Sir William Russell, and consequently the
bishop was obliged keep himself concealed, and was protected
chiefly the residence his friend, Hugh Maguire, lord
Fermanagh, who refused give him the deputy. Maguire, unfortunately slew him; and the bishop himself was slain
above stated the text, having proceeded with his forces the thrust spear from one the English horsemen. against the English Connaught, was accompanied the bishop, erroneously stated Burgo, the Hibernia Dominicano, and having encountered the English, under the governor, Sir and by other writers, that the Primate Mac Gauran was Richard Bingham, they had sharp conflict place called slain 1598, near Armagh; but the correct account given Sciath-na-Fearta, which appears have been situated near Stuart's Armagh, and the Four Masters.
Tulsk, Roscommon many were slain both sides, but the
chief commanders the English. The bishop Mac Gauran was accompanied Cathal Maguire, and Felim Mac Caffry the standard-bearer, who, being attacked some the English ca valry, were prostrated the shock, and some Maguire's gal loglasses having rushed their aid, hearing the bishop's voice, they, consequence thick mist which prevailed
the time, mistook Cathal Maguire, who was valiantly defending his fallen friend, for one the English troopers, and
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 589
guire endeavoured to defend as well as he could, O'Kelly, of the Caladh, in the territory of Hy but, however, the proverb was verified, “that a Maine (in Galway), died; and the deceased was
host overcomes a few,” for the ford was obliged one of the greatest losses in Hy Maine.
to be given up to the English, and Maguire having O'Dwyer of Coill-na-Manach (barony of Kilma been defeated, a great number of his people were managh, in Tipperary), namely, Philip, the son of slain; the earl of Tyrone was wounded on that Anthony, died, and his son Dermod succeeded in
occasion. ” The governor of the province of Con naught, and the earl of Thomond, namely, Donogh,
the son of Conor, son of Donogh O’Brien, came to
join them (the English), on the other side of the
Erne, but they did no execution; and the gover
nor, with the forces of the province of Connaught,
proceeded to the monastery of Boyle, where he Baiscind (barony of Clonderlaw, in Clare), namely, remained for some time plundering Muintir Eoluis Teige, the son of Murrogh, son of Teige Roe, son (in Leitrim), and the west of Fermanagh; the of Torlogh, son of Teige, died; and his son, Tor men of Connaught afterwards returned to their logh Roe, succeeded in his place.
homes, and the earl of Tyrone, and the marshal, O'Sullivan of Beire, i. e. Eochy, the son of Der proceeded to their places, after spoiling much in mod, son of Donal, died; he was not, however, the Fermanagh. They left companies in the country O’Sullivan of Beire at that time, although he had to aid Conor Oge, the son of Conor Roe Maguire, formerly been so, for his brother's son, namely, who was in opposition to Maguire; unhappy and Donal, the son of Donal, son of Dermod, took disturbed were those from Clochar Mac Deimh Dun Baoi and Beire (Dunboy and Bear, in Cork), ene (Clogher), in Tyrone, to Raith Cruachain in from him the year previous to his death, by the Connaught (Croghan, in Roscommon), and from decision of the council of England and the council Traigh Eothuile (near Ballysadare, in Sligo), to of Ireland; and Donal himself was nominated
Brefney O’Reilly (county of Cavan), at that time. Mac Carthy Riavach, i. e. Owen, the son of
Donal, son of Fingin (Florence), lord of Carberry
(in Cork), died; he was a sensible, pious man, of a soldier of the queen’s people, in one of his own
good hospitality, and noble deeds, and Donal, the son of Cormac-na-Haoine, succeeded in his place. Mary, daughter of Cormac Oge, son of Teige
Mac Carthy, the wife of O'Sullivan More, died. Murtogh, theson of Conor, sonof'Torlogh O’Brien
of Druim Laighen (Dromline, in the barony of Bunratty, county of Clare), died, and was buried in his own town, i. e. Dromline; and his son Conor succeeded in his place.
Murtogh, the son of Donal, son of Conor O’Brien
of Tulcha (Tulla, in the county of Clare), died. Teige, the son of William, son of Teige Duv
towns in Tir Fiachrach of the Moy (barony of Tireragh, county of Sligo).
O'Heyne (of Galway), i. e. Hugh Buighe, the
son of Owen Mantach, son of Edmond, son of Flann, died.
The daughter of Mac I-Brien of Ara (in Tip perary), namely, Onora, the daughter of Torlogh, son of Murtogh, son of Donal, son of Teige, the wife of Peirce, son of Edmond of the Caladh (or Port), son of Pierce Roe Butler, died.
The lord justice, having collected a great force, proceeded unperceived through the adjoining terri
2. Battle of Ath-Cul-Uain. —This battle was fought at a guire's men, who were posted on the opposite side of the river
ford on the river Erne, somewhere near Lough Erne; Hugh O'Neill, earl of Tyrone, was at this time in alliance with the English, and commanded in conjunction with the marshal, Sir Henry Bagnall. The Irish were commanded by Hugh Maguire,
lord of Fermanagh, assisted by a small body of men, and some Scots sent to his assistance by O'Donnell; and, according to Mac Geoghegan, the Irish were armed with battle-axes, and the Scots with arrows. The English forces opened a cannonade on Ma
Erne; the Irish, being unable to defend themselves against the English artillery, were forced to give way, and O'Neill, having
discovered a ford, crossed the river at the head of his cavalry : but he was severely wounded in the thigh by the shot of an arrow from one of Maguire's men, and, according to Mac Geoghegan, Maguire having rallied his horse and foot, compelled the English forces to recross the river.
his place.
Margaret, the daughter of O'Boyle, i. e. of Tor
logh, died.
A. D. 1594.
Mac Mahon, i. e. the lord of the eastern Corc
O’Sullivan Beire.
O’Dowd of Tir Fiachrach, namely, Dathi, the
son of Teige Riavach, son of Owen, was killed by
-
590 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERs, A. D. 1594.
tories without delay, until he arrived at Enniskillen, George Bingham, come for the purpose and sat down before and laid seige the for conveying provision stores Enniskillen; those tress; the forces began batter the wall with the chiefs having met together, proceeded Cavan, requisite engines, and they did not cease until they the town O’Reilly, for the provisions; and they
length took it; and the lord justice having left marched along the right hand side Lough Erne, guards the castle, returned his residence. until they came within about four miles the town When Maguire received intelligence that the lord (of Enniskillen). When Maguire, Hugh,
learned that those forces were marching towards the town with the provisions before mentioned, he,
with his own forces, and the force left him by
O’Donnell, together with Cormac, the son the
baron, namely, the brother the earl O’Neill, pro
ceeded, and halted narrow pass which they
expected they would march towards them; that
plan was advantageous for they came without taking
any notice until they encountered Maguire's party Beal-Atha-Sainreadhaigh; violent and fierce
conflict, and strenuous and determined battle en sued between both parties, but length Maguire
and his forces defeated the other party force arms, that slaughtered their chiefs, and con tinued pursuing the vanquished for long distance from that place. Immense was the number ofcfficers and common soldiers that were slain that battle;
vast number horses, and great deal arms and property were left that place, besides the steeds and horses which were carrying the stores
justice had returned back, mustered the forces possibly could, and laid seige the same castle, and sent messenger O’Donnell, Hugh Roe, entreating
him come his aid, and the call, for marched
promptly responded
him with his forces, and they laid seige the
fortress, from the beginning June the middle August. These forces devastated and burned
that was under the controul the English, the territory Oirgiall and Brefney O'Reilly,
and they took their cows and cattle provision stores for their soldiers. O’Donnell remained en
camped, carrying the siege against Enniskillen, from the beginning June the month August,
we have stated, until the guards the castle had consumed nearly their provisions. Mes sages came O’Donnell from the Scots, for whom
had previously sent, informing him that they
with Maguire aid him; and commanded them remain carrying the seige against the castle.
had arrived Derry; and those who came thither
were Donal Gorm Mac Donnell, and Mac Leod
Arran. O’Donnell afterwards went engage
their services, accompanied small party his men Meath, and the O’Reillys, escaped from forces, and left another large portion them
When the lord justice, Sir William Fitzwilliam, the few who accompanied him from that field received intelligence that the guards Enniskillen battle, was through Largan Clan Cobthach Mac were want stores and provisions, command Gauran, through Brefney O'Rourke, and from
great number the men Meath, the chiefs thence Sligo. name was established for the the O’Reillys, and the Binghams the pro ford which that great victory was gained, viz. , by
vince Connaught, under the command young
A. D. 1594.
Battle the Ford the Biscuits. -This fierce battle, which the English forces under Bingham, together with his Irish allies, were defeated, and 400 them slain, according Mac Geoghegan, was fought ford river called the Farna,
within about four miles Enniskillen, stated the text, and now known the river Arney, the barony Clanawley, county
naming Bel-Atha-na-mbriosgaidh' (the Ford
some men sent them by Red Hugh O'Donnell. The chief the O'Reillys who was then alliance with the English was Maolmora Miles O'Reilly, young man great valour and ambition, who was commonly called the Queen's O'Reilly, distinguish him
from the other chiefs the O'Reillys who fought against Eliza beth was called the Irish Maolmora Breagh, signifying Miles the Brave Handsome, and having got from the queen
Fermanagh. The place got its name, Irish Bel-Atha-na grant by letters patent the county Cavan, commanded
Briosgaidh, signifying the mouth the Ford the Biscuits, from the circumstance the English forces, when defeated, having left behind them vast quantity biscuits, which they were conveying, with other provisions, the garrison Enniskillen.
The Irish were commanded the valiant Hugh Maguire, lord Fermanagh, and Cormac O'Neill, chief Tyrone, assisted
troop
battle where,
cavalry the queen's service, and was slain the great
the Yellow Ford, the borders Armagh and Tyrone, 1598, the English forces, under marshal Bagnail, were
Enniskillen. Some scattered fugitives the
that fierce conflict tell the tale, and they did not stop until they arrived Brefney O’Reilly. The direction which young George Bingham took, with
defeated with immense slaughter, by the Irish Ulster, under the command Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone.
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 591
the Biscuits), on account of the great quantity of leaden roof the town church they could carry; biscuits and small cakes that were left in their pos and although the flames and sparks the town session that day. When the guards of the castle re fire, were clearly visible the streets Dublin, ceived intelligence of the forces being defeated they Walter escaped, without losing drop blood, gave up the town to Maguire, who gave them receiving wound. the expiration month quarter. after that, Walter made attack the castle
A new lord justice came to Ireland in the month gentleman, one his enemies, who was in his of July of this year, whose name was Sir William neighbourhood; and the gentleman, was Russell ; he ordered that provisions and stores attentively watchful, being aware the intended should be put into every town in the possession of attack his enemies the time that Walter and the queen, despite of those opposed him, and
Meath, Leinster, meet him with
his party made sally the castle; the gentleman
bravely and fiercely made onset Walter, and
they fought each other with great violence and animosity, and Walter, having been wounded his foot that occasion, was carried off his
party the nearest mountain them they put him under cure an earthern cave which was not
known any three persons, and left none with him but one young physician his own faithful people, who went every other day the adjacent woods collect herbs; conversation took place privately between him and some Walter's ene mies, and having become friends, betrayed Walter (Fitzgerald), them, who took him priso ner; Walter was afterwards brought Dublin, where was hanged and quartered.
precisely; having arrived near the town, and be
fore they were able enter the gate the ram union, and one alliance, against the English this part which surrounded the sound drum was year.
accidentally heard from the soldiers who were The O’Neills marched with force, the marching it; Fiacha and his people being month February, into the estate the baron of startled, quickly prepared themselves, and having Slane (Fleming, baron Slane), and left pro sent some his party defend the gate, sent perty after them those districts, corn, of
commanded the men Munster, and Connaught,
their forces Athlone,
the 16th day the Ros
A. D. 1595.
Ireland, sir William Russell, some the neighbours, and
Fiacha Mac Hugh (O'Byrne),
month September; that appointed period
the lord justice arrived, had promised,
Athlone, and then proceeded from thence
COIn Inon.
The lord justice the instigation
those living near
marched against Fiacha himself Baile-na-Cuire (Ballinacor, Wicklow), the month January
his people, men, sons, and women, out the dwellings, flocks,
cattle.
escaping gates the town; and himself followed The O'Neills marched with another force
them, and took them, through the wilds and re Kells, and they spoiled and completely plundered
cesses, secure place; and while Fiacha was
his guard, Walter Riavach, the son Gerald, son
Thomas, the Geraldines Kildare, came him. the lord justice, remained ten days Ballinacor, after Fiacha had departed from
and having left one two companies soldiers
guard
some the clan Fiacha Mac Hugh, proceeded persons might protected, the entire Cavan, make nocturnal attack, about sleeping time, that they did not completely burn, except the mo
Crumghlinn (Crumlin), near the gates Dub mastery Cavan, which the English were lin; they completely plundered and burned that that time.
town, and took away with them much the Mac Con, the son Peregrine, son Dermod,
The entire province
Ulster rose one
the entire country about them.
Maguire, i. e. Hugh, the son Cuchonacht, son Cuchonnacht, son Cuchonnacht, and Mac
Mahon, namely, Bryan the son Hugh Oge,
son Hugh, son Shane Buighe, marched with force Brefney O'Reilly; they vigorously plun
dered and devastated the country, and, moreover,
he himself returned back Dublin.
fifteen days after that, Walter Riavach, and they did not leave hut which two three
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ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1595.
son of Teige Cam O'Clery, chief professor in his
dred disciplined and efficient men; other troops joined his force the Tirconnallians,
that occasion, except few from the province Connaught, who were reconnoitreing and directing his course, commanded by Conor Oge Mac Der
his acquire history, and the gift
tory to O'Donnell, a man eminent
ments, learning, and profession,
poetry, eloquent and fluent speech,
intellect and judgment, pious, mild, scrupulous,
devout, and charitable man, died Leitir Mao mott, and Con, the son Dudley, son Tuathal
lain, Thomond.
Sir John Norris, the queen’s war general, came
O'Conor. The forces, after having been reviewed, proceeded until they arrived the river Boyle, which they crossed Droicheat-Cnuic-an-Biocara.
Ireland, with eighteen hundred soldiers, the
end the month February, suppress the war (Knockvicar, near Lough Kea, Roscommon),
Connaught.
O'Donnell, Hugh Roe, mustered
march into Connaught; the first place
ceeded across the river Erne, the 3rd day Raith Cruachan (Croghan, Roscommon); their March precisely, and the right hand side predatory parties were separated, and sent forth, the Lough Melge, the son Cobthach (Lough according they were directed, before they arri Melvin), Bealach-Ui-Mithidhein (Ballaghamee ved that place; far and distant were those han), where remained that night; from thence warlike companies separated asunder, for some through Brefney into Braid Slieve (in Tirerrill, them went the estates O’Conor Roe, and
Ulster and
force marched through Moylurg and Moy Aoi (both pro Roscommon), and arrived, the break day,
the beginning the night; from thence they
county Sligo), where remained another night. was impossible for him surprise obtain advantage the province Olnegmacht (Con
O'Hanly, another portion them went Droich et-Bheoil-Atha-Modh, the river Suck (the
bridge Ballymoe, the borders Roscommon
naught), that time, for the English resided and and Galway), and another party, also, beyond
dwelt throughout the country general, and par Castlerea westward. The dense clouds vapour
and smoke which rose from the burnings made those forces, every direction through which they had passed, round Rath Croghan, fully mani
ticularly
fortresses;
governor
Roscommon; another great party the English fested their operations. Those who went Ath
fortified seats, and impregnable
the first place, Richard Bingham, the province Connaught, was
was monastery monks which situated
the banks the river Boyle; another party
Tulsk, the centre Moy-Ai, north west
Croghan (in Roscommon); party Port-Nua, returned Rath Croghan before the noon the
fortress which the English themselves erected day, although was difficult for them come
between Lough Kea and Lough Arrow (Port Nua, Newport, between Lough Kea, Roscommon, and Lough Arrow, Sligo); party Ballymote, and another large party Sligo. Intelligence
due order, from the vastness their preys and booty, and they could have procured more, had
they been actually able collect drive them. O’Donnell, together with those parties and their
reached the governor, Roscommon, that O’Don preys, afterwards proceeded Elfin, where re
nell was marching the country, and did not therefore delay, until arrived the monastery
Boyle, and commanded the English who were in the forementioned towns to come to him at
that place, for expected that should
that way O’Donnell and his forces would march. On O’Donnell advancing Coilte Conchob hair (the Woods Conor), commanded his forces fall into rank, and be reviewed, which was accordingly done; and their numbers there were not very great, for there were only four hun
mained for some time waiting the return the predatory party which had gone from him the estate O'Conor Roe, and O'Hanley; then departed from Elfin by the right hand side Ath Slisean, into Hy Briuin, where
modha (Ballymoe), and the other party who had gone Airteach and Clan Ceithearnaigh (districts the borders Mayo, Roscommon, and Galway),
night, until his men came preys. There had not been obtained
any the Irish for long period
remained that him with their
booty was there by the preying one day. On
the following day O’Donnell commanded his men have the prey conveyed across the Shannon,
collected time, much
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
and he sent the drivers, and such as were not expert smoke; they took the Longport
at arms, with the prey and booty into Muintir Eoluis from which the town Longford
593
the Fortress called),
(Mac Rannall's country, in Leitrim). When the and set fire every corner and side
rear of the force was crossing the same ford, it was was by long rope they brought out Christopher
then the drivers and soldiers of the English came Brown, together with his relative by marriage, and up, and a conflict ensued, in which several were cut their women; but, however, fifteen men the down and wounded between them ; but, however, hostages the country, who were held by the the Tirconnallians crossed the river, and returned forementioned Christopher, whom they could not
to their homes with their booty, after having gained sway and victory.
save rescue, were burned by the blaze and flames of the fire. Three other castles were taken
O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, marched with ano
ther force into Connaught, on the 18th day of
April; he first proceeded across the river Erne,
along the right hand side of Lough Melvin, and
remained that night at Ros Inbhir (Rosinver, in
the barony of Rosclogher, county of Leitrim); on
the following day they came to Cill Fearga (Kil
largy, in the barony of Dromahair, county of Lei
trim), where they waited for the remainder of his
forces to overtake them, and, after they had come
up, they then proceeded through Brefney to Brad chadha that night (barony Tullaghonoho, slieve, thence into Machaire Chonacht (the plain Cavan). On the following day they sent forth of Connaught, in Roscommon), and such as was
left unpreyed by the former force, their preys were
brought to him at one place on that occasion; he
then proceeded with those preys and booty to Lei they were not about the town, they carried away trim of Muintir Eoluis that night. When his ene the property belonging them they could mies expected he would return back into Ulster, he seize. They next proceeded that night Tellach did not do so, but sent messengers privately to Eachdhach (barony Tullaghagh, Cavan), west Maguire, namely, Hugh, requesting he would come
with him into Annaly; he sent reconnoiterers be
fore him into the territory, and commanded them
to meet him at a certain place; he himself after
wards proceeded with his forces, silently and O’Neill rose alliance with O’Donnell, the war, expeditiously, into the two Annalys (North and the lord justice (sir William Russell), and the South Longford), where he arrived early in the
morning. These were the territories of the
two O'Ferralls, before the English had gained
power over them, and one of the English them
selves was in possession of O'Ferrall’s Port-Air O'Donnell, requesting him come his aid eachais (hereditary mansion), whose name was against the oppressors who had come his coun Christopher Brown. Scouring parties from the try, which was not negligently heard O’Donnell, large forces of O’Donnell and Maguire overran for mustered his forces, and proceeded through the country from Slieve Cairpre (probably the Tyrone the place where O'Neill was, and they Clanhugh mountains, on the borders of Long both marched Fochaird Muirtheimhne (Fogh ford and Leitrim), to Eithne (the river Inny, on ard, near Dundalk, the plain Muirthevne, the borders of Longford and Westmeath), and set the county Louth), the month May every thing before them in those districts on precisely; when the lord justice received intel large columns of fire, and dense dark clouds of ligence that they were both that place pre
O’Donnell the same day; many people were slain and destroyed that occasion, and among
their chief men was Hoberd, the son son Bryan, who was slain by Maguire
Fergus, conse the
quence not knowing him, and the son
prior O'Reilly was taken prisoner another party
the forces. All the property the country which they thought value was collected and brought them, and they then proceeded with their prey and booty, and encamped Teallach Dun
that
scouring parties the monastery Cavan, ex pectation getting advantage the English who were quartered and when they found
ward Bel-Atha-Conaill (Ballyconnell, Cavan), and they then returned their homes, after vic torious campaign that occasion.
When the English were convinced that the earl
council, sent ten hundred warriors Newry fight against the Tyronians, and the lord justice promised follow them with his forces, plunder and spoil the country. O’Neill sent messages
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594 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1595.
the direct way between Armagh and Avonmore, they beheld the strong camp, and the powerful ranks of battalions which the Tirconnallians and
Tyronians were, along with the earl O’Neill and O'Donnell, and the English forces having perceived them, they remained that place till the following
plunder Tirconnell, and they entered the har day when they returned back Armagh; the Irish bour Lough Swilly, and having obtained ad went pursuit them, and having encamped vantage the country that time, they plundered near them, they remained for fifteen days con the monastery the Virgin Mary, which was
pared for him, he remained in Dublin on that occasion.
Young George Bingham, who was in Sligo, from
the governor of the province of Connaught,
Richard Bingham, went with ship's crew the right hand side Ireland north-eastward, make
the margin the shore (the Carmelite monastery Rathmullen, the barony Kilmacrennan,
the other, for the lord justice and his forces were within the strongholds Armagh, erecting towers
Donegal), and carried away with them their Mass and deepening trenches about the town. At the vestments, chalices, and other property; they af end that time the lord justice left three compa
terwards proceeded Toraidh (Tory Island, off
the coast Donegal), island which Columkille,
the patron saint, blessed, and having spoiled and
plundered every thing the island, they then re
turned back Sligo. O'Donnell, having been in which proceeded with his forces Dublin, and formed that his territory had been plundered his the English did not attempt bring army into absence by strangers, returned from Tir Eogain Ulster for some time after that, except one force,
fronted that manner, without either attacking
nies soldiers guard Armagh, and himself returned Newry, and the Irish pursued them the gates Newry. week afterwards the lord justice went Monaghan with stores, from
relieve them, but his stay was not long Tir which was mustered John Norris, and connell, when O’Neill’s messengers came him Thomas Norris, his brother, namely, the president
inform him that the lord justice with his forces had come into Tyrone; returned back again the place where O'Neill was, who was much re
the two provinces Munster, with the troops
Munster and Meath, for the purpose marching into Ulster; they proceeded Newry, and from
joiced with him. Immense was the army which thence they set out for Armagh. When they had
came with the lord justice, namely, sir William Russell, for had along with him the queen’s general war Ireland, namely, sir John Norris; the earl Thomond, Donogh, the son Con
O’Brien, with all their forces; and these did not halt until they arrived Iubhar-Chinn-Tragha (Newry), from which they proceeded Armagh,
gone nearly half the way, they were met the Irish, who began spear, shoot, pierce, and cut
them down, that they did not suffer them sleep, eat, rest, refresh themselves for twenty
four hours; they were not allowed advance one foot forward beyond that; and their officers were thankful for returning Newry with their lives, after having lost great many their men and
where they came the resolution not stop until
they would reach the Avonmore (the river Black horses, with arms and property; the General, Sir
water, the borders Tyrone and Armagh),
John Norris, and Sir Thomas his brother, were wounded on that occasion. "
nor Munster. He afterwards, conjunction with the lord deputy, sir William Russell, and his brother, Thomas Norris, marched into Ulster with powerful force opposeO'Neill, but, after the success their expedition, Russell returned Dub lin, and left the command Norris, who, conjunction with his brother, advanced from Newry towards Monaghan, relieve the English garrison the castle that town, which was then be sieged the Irish. The English forces amounted about three thousand men, and Hugh O'Neill, with some chiefs the Maguires, Mac Mahons, O’Hanlons, O'Quinns, and O'Kanes, resolved op pose their progress, and posted their cavalry, with their kerns and galloglasses, the pass Clontibret, near little river situated
valley enclosed small hills. The English advanced and made repeated efforts force the pass, which was resolutely defended
the very centre Tir Eogain;
A. D. 1595. Battle Clontibret. —An account
their march,
this battle given by Mac Geoghegan and O'Sullivan Beare, and also Stuart's Ar
magh; was fought
which the above battle
called Cluain Tiobruid,
known Clontibret, about five miles south-east Monaghan, to wards the borders Armagh. Queen Elizabeth, alarmed the warlike attitude assumed the Northern Irish, under Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone, sent over Ireland captain-general the army, sir John Norris, distinguished commander who had served the Netherlands, against king Philip II. Spain. Nor ris arrived Ireland with three thousand the veteran troops who had served the Netherlands, and was some time gover
the summer 1595, about the period recorded the annalists, place
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The forementioned George (Bingham), having When
where O’Donnell himself was, and having delivered the message to him, he after that went to the earl O'Neill, and they were both rejoiced at that slay
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
59. 5
those the province Connaught insurrection, namely, the Lower of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Rathmullen, and the Burkes, the Mac Donnells, O'Conors, O’Rourkes
returned to Sligo, after plundering the monastery who were
church of Columkille on Tory Island, God did not and Clan Maolroona (the Mac Dermotts Ros
allow him a long period without avenging it on him,
for there was a gentleman of the Burkes in his
company, who had twelve warriors along with him,
namely, Ulick Burke, the son of Redmond-na
Sguab, who had been on a former occasion re
proached and insulted by George, and by the
English, in general, on which account he was angry
and enraged, and was resolved to be revenged of own native patrimony, and every inhabitant whom George for his insult, if he possibly could, and
afterwards to get into O’Donnell's friendship, for
he was certain of being secure in his alliance.
Having obtained an advantage of theforementioned
George, on a certain day, when he was in his private
apartment, with only a few attendants, he came
up to him and accused him of his oppression and
injustice, but did not receive a satisfactory answer,
and as he did not, he drew his sword, and struck
at him until he cut off his head from his neck; he
then took the castle (of Sligo), and sent his mes
senger to Ballyshannon, where O’Donnell's people
were, who dispatched a messenger to Tyrone, Scottish fleet landed Lough Foyle, command
by Mac Leod Arran, proceeded them, take them into his service; they were six hun dred number, and after having been for some time the country, resting and recruiting them leave of the earl, and, accompanied by his forces, selves, and being engaged by him, mustered he did not halt a night until he arrived at Sligo, his forces together, with his hired soldiers, and
where he was welcomed, and Ulick having deli they marched across the rivers Erne, Drowis, vered the town to him, he was very happy in his Dubh, (Bunduff, the borders Leitrim and mind; these things happened in the month of Sligo), the Sligeach (the river Sligo), Eas-Dara June.
ing; on the following day O’Donnell took his
by the Irish. Norris, finding his troops repulsed, rallied his men, and rushed forward at their head, animating them to conflict, but
his horse being struck by a musket ball, fell dead beneath him, and himself and his brother sir Thomas were wounded in the heat
of battle. After the contest had continued fiercely for some time, Sedgrave, a commander from Meath, who from his great strength and gigantic stature was considered their chief champion, and the most valiant man in the English Pale, galloped impetu ously forward at the head of a troop of horse, and having made good his passage across the ford which separated both armies, he charged O'Neill’s cavalry. The dauntless O'Neill, at the head of his men, met him in mid career, and they closed in single com bat, while the troops on both sides stood still as spectators, awaiting the issue of the contest. Both champions were clad in armour, and their spears were shivered to pieces on their breast-plates in the first encounter; they then grasped their swords, and cut at
each other, but both being equally expert at their weapons, Sed
grave could obtain no advantage, and resolved to grapple in closer combat; with desperate valour, and trusting to his superior
strength, seized O'Neill the neck, and, after severe strug gle, the warriors dragged each other off their horses, and fell together the ground. Both struggled for few moments
deadly strife, but Sedgrave, superior strength, getting the earl under, seized his sword cut off his head, and the contending armies already deemed him slain. The English gave cheer victory, but was premature, for O'Neill, making powerful effort, grasped his dagger, and buried the bowels his anta gonist beneath his mail, and Sedgrave rolled the ground the agonies death. The Irish raised tremendous shout triumph, and O'Neill, remounting his steed, charged the enemy the head
his men, who, attacking the English with redoubled vigour took their standard, put them flight directions, and pursued them with great slaughter Armagh. The remnant the Eng lish forces, with the two Norrises, fled towards Newry, and, ac cording Mac Geoghegan, 700 their men were slain this
battle, and the garrison Monaghan soon after surrendered O'Neill.
common, and Mac Donoghs Sligo), and not
they alone but also those who were proclaimed and dispersed, after they had been dispossessed and
expelled by the Binghams into Ulster and other places, heard the death George (Bingham),
and the taking Sligo, they came O’Donnell Sligo, and each them afterwards went his
the English settled their lands during the time
they themselves had been proclaimed, joined them as adherents from that hour forth. The most of
those from the western parts Erris and Umh all, (the western baronies Mayo), Drowis (Bundrowis, near Ballyshannon), were afterwards
alliance and united with O’Donnell, the space
one month, and very few castles fortresses, whole demolished, those countries, but were
under his controul the same period. O’Donnell afterwards went Donegal, where remained
the middle August. Having been informed that
(Ballysadare), and the Ox mountain, into Lieney;
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596 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1595.
from thence until he arrived in Costello (in Mayo). the fortress, and the men who were and they The English had at that time a rendezvous and re having proceeded the banks the river, and sidence in Caislen-Mor-Mec-Goisdealbhaigh (the the hill which called Raith-Dabriotog (near the great castle of Mac Costello, in the parish of town Sligo), they beheld the English quar Castlemore, barony of Costello), and O’Donnell,
with his forces, having laid siege to the castle, the guards were at length obliged to surrender the
castle; he then proceeded to Dun-Mor-Mic-Feorais (Dunmore of Bermingham, in the county of Gal way); they sent forth predatory parties to Con maicne (barony of Kilmaine, in Mayo), to Muintir
ters throughout the town. There was proud and boastful young officer along with Sir Richard that time, who was sister's son his, whose name was captain Martin, and was the commander
his horse forces; could not bear see his enemies near him without attacking them, and
proceeded with his troops over the bridge Murchada (barony of Clare, in Galway), to the Sligo when O’Donnell’s men perceived them ad borders of Machaire Riavach, and to Tuaim vancing, they returned back quickly they da-Ghualann (Tuam); they took Turlach Mochain could, they had not force equal theirs; the (Turlaghvohan, or Thurlagh, near Tuam), and English pursued them, but not being able over
a great number of the chiefs of the country,
along with Richard, the son of Bermingham; they
completely preyed and plundered the country
around them, and having carried off the cattle and
flocks, and the wealth and property those before
them, they returned back. When the governor
the province Connaught, namely, Richard
Bingham, received intelligence that O’Donnell had
gone past him westward into Connaught, mus
tered fifteen companies soldiers, both horse and quivers; commanded them ambush foot, with which he marched the border the
take them, they returned back. O’Donnell’s people related what happened, how they were pursued, and the manner which they escaped
the fleetness their horses; when O’Donnell heard this information the resolution he came was lay ambuscade for the foreigners the same direction; he then selected hundred the best horsemen his force, and three hundred foot soldiers with their shooting arms, viz. , bows and
Curlew mountains, for the purpose attacking O'Donnell his return from his expedition.
O'Donnell having been informed this, shortly returned back with his preys and booty, from one encampment another, through Costello, Lieney,
within mile Sligo, and send small party cavalry the banks the river, decoy the En glish forces, and should they pursue them, not wait engage them until they passed the place where the ambuscade was laid; all this was accor dingly done. When captain Martin saw the small party horsemen the banks the river,
the lower part Tirerrill (in Sligo), across the
three bridges, viz. , the bridge Collooney, the proceeded with large body cavalry wreak bridge Ballysadare, and the bridge Sligo. his vengeance them they the same time
The English pursued him quickly they could
through these passes. O’Donnell having detached large body cavalry, commanded them
fall the rear his forces, prevent the van the English army from attacking the attendants, and unarmed portion his men; then proceed
with his booty, without meeting any opposition, and arrived the neighbourhood Gleann Dal lain (Glenade and Glencar, on the borders Leitrim and Sligo). The governor continued the pursuit after him, and took up quarters the monastery Sligo, besiege the guards O'Don
moved slowly and carelessly the first instance,
but was not long after that until the warriors were obliged spur their horses, they were closely and hotly pursued by the English; one
them, namely, Felim Riavach Mac Davett (the Mac Davids, Davetts, were branch the
Burkes Mayo), was left behind despite him, on account the slowness his horse, that was not able keep up his party, and was therefore obliged wait for his enemies, and diso bey the command his lord, that fighting with the English; when was certain being instantly killed, turned his face the foremost
nell, who were the castle. On the following day
O’Donnell sent party cavalry reconnoitre his pursuers, and that was captain Martin, and the English, and receive information respecting having raised his arm, for the purpose wield
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 597
ing his weapon on the person before him who dows and loop holes the castle, and began opposed them, Felim extended his hand to meet discharge their leaden balls and rapid flames the blow made at him, to cut him down, and fire on them, that the warriors who were enclos struck captain Martin directly in the armpit, and the wooden engine were wounded that pierced his heart in his breast, and he was com pouring stones and continued firing. The pletely covered with armour except that place in English did not endure wounded any longer, which he was wounded. The English returned and they could gain advantage the fortress, back after their valiant hero and warrior had been they left their wall-demolishing habitation, and re
wounded, and they carried him with them on a tired deeply wounded, and were thankful for having
bearer, debilitated and stretched in the faint weak escaped with their lives. was anguish
ness of death, until they arrived in the town, and heart the governor, Richard Bingham, that
he died that night. When O’Donnell saw that could not wreak his vengeance the guards
the English had retreated, he became enraged, the fortress, any the people O’Donnell,
until the decoying party certified on behalf of and he returned back across the Curlew mountains
Felim, that nothing could have saved him from through Moy Aoi, until arrived Roscommon. being slain by captain Martin, but that single O’Donnell afterwards marched across the river
thrust; he afterwards however became pacified in Erne, and dismissed his Scottish forces, after his mind, when news came to him the next day having paid them their stipend, and having retur that the captain died. As to the governor, he was ned Sligo, demolished the castle, lest
filled with anger and wrath after his kinsman had been slain, and he commanded his forces to con struct an engine for demolishing the castle, in the expectation of taking it from O’Donnell's people, who were in they accordingly made the rafters and boards of the bed-chambers of the
should occupied the English.
the river Moy), Culdees (the monks), and every article which that intelligence reached the governor, com
they could use which was the monastery; they then covered this engine with the hides cows and oxen, and also put wheels under move
manded his brother, captain John Bingham, cap
tain Foal, captain Mensi, and the son William Buighe Tuite, together with great number
the fortress, and they afterwards filled with other gentlemen along with them, march the champions, valiant warriors, and engineers, for the relief the castle, with provisions and arms; but
purpose demolishing the castle. ” They drew before they were able relieve the guards Theo with force this powerful engine, dusk, the bald got possession the castle; they returned beginning the night, until they placed against back sorrow, and Theobald pursued them, the angle the castle, and they then began de spearing, and circumventing them, harrassing and molish the wall. There were engineers within the slaying them, throughout the day, that they castle, who commenced penetrating the wall, lost many men and much arms and armour; enable the men inside shoot their enemies; slew that day captain Foal, captain Mennsi, others the guards went the battlements the and the son and heir William Tuite, and many fortress, who began throw down them large other officers and common soldiers who are not masses stones, and rough edged rocks which recorded; and was their feats arms, bra smashed atoms every thing they fell upon; very, and good knowledge the way, that such others the people the castle went the win survived made their escape that day.
The Engine. —The engine above-mentioned was called the advanced under the walls besieging towns and attacking for Irish the Sow, and was constructed strong planks, iron hoops, tresses. This war engine described Ledwich's Military Anti &c. , covered with cow hides, and was very strong, and proof against quities, and mentioned the Pacata Hibernia, and Borlase's musket balls, spears, &c. Like the wooden horse used the account the battles the war 1641, and was also used the Greeks the siege Troy, was filled with armed warriors, Irish the siege Sligo 1689, mentioned Harris his and being very large, might probably contain men more, who Life King William.