Early Popular Poetry of
Scotland
and the Border.
Cambridge History of English Literature - 1908 - v02
1, chap.
xi,
The Decay of English Minstrelsy. Defends minstrel authorship, though
seemingly a lost cause.
Gummere, F. B. Introduction to Old English Ballads. Boston, 1894. Sub-
sequent editions unchanged: it contains an account of ballad criticism
in England and Germany. See also, by the same writer, The Ballad
and Communal Poetry, Child Memorial volume (v) of the Harvard
Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature, Boston, 1896; Primitive
Poetry and the Ballad, in Modern Philology, 1, Chicago, 1903-4; and The
Popular Ballad, 1907.
Hales, J. W. and Furnivall, F. J. (ed. ). Percy Folio Manuscript. 3 vols. and
a supplement. 1867-8. This made possible the collection now recog-
nised as final.
Hecht, H. , sums up the Neuere Literatur zur Englisch-schottischen
Balladendichtung in Englische Studien, xxxvi, 1906.
Henderson, T. F. Revised edition of Scott's Minstrelsy of the Scottish
Border. 4 vols. Edinburgh, 1902. With a general preface and particular
introductions which tend to trace each ballad to individual authors like
Burns and Scott.
Kittredge, G. L. Introduction to the one-volume edition of Child's Ballads.
Edited by Mrs Sargent and himself. Boston, 1904. This volume in-
cludes one or more versions of practically all the ballads, and the
introduction is a clear exposition of the doctrine that popular ballads
really belong to the people.
Lang, A. Article on Ballads, in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition. Lang
has expressed his opinion on the ballad-question in recent papers; in
particular may be noted his discussion of the ballad Auld Maitland in
Folk Lore, XIII, 191 ff. (1902), and his argument for communal author-
ship, ibid. xiv, 147 ff. (1903).
Sidgwick, F. Popular Ballads of the Olden Time. 1903, 1904, 1907. 3 series.
2 vols, issued so far. The introduction inclines to the theory that ballads
belong to the people, but makes allowance for opposing views such as
those of G. Gregory Smith and T. F. Henderson.
Smith, G. Gregory. The Transition Period. 1900. Chap. VI.
Older criticism, foreign and domestic, of English ballads is summarised
in F. B. Gummere's Introduction to Old English Ballads cited above. For
admirable discussion of ballad poetry in other lands see the introduction to
Constantino Nigra’s Canti Popolari del Piemonte, Turin, 1888, pp. xi-xxxvii,
and Gaston Paris, De l'Étude de la Poésie Populaire, in Melusine, 1, 1 ff.
Opposed to their doctrine is John Meier, whose Kunstlieder im Volksmunde,
Halle, 1906, indicates its theory by its title, and is not very far from
Henderson's point of view. It must be remembered, finally, that the majority
of the poems published by the Ballad Society, such as street-songs,
broadsides and popular ditties of every sort, belongs not to the subject of
this chapter, but to journalism.
The following books may also be consulted:
Addison, J. The Spectator. Nos. 70, 74. For Chevy Chase, eto,
Allingham, W. The Ballad Book. 1865 ff.
Aytoun, W. E. The Ballads of Scotland. 2 vols. 1858 ff.
## p. 494 (#512) ############################################
494
Bibliography
Bell, R. Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England.
1857.
Buchan, P. Ancient Ballads and Songs of the North of Scotland. 2 vols.
Edinburgh, 1828. Reprinted, 1875, etc.
Chambers, R. Scottish Ballads and Scottish Songs. 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1829.
Chappell, W. and Ebsworth, J. W. The Roxburghe Ballads. 9 vols. (27
parts). 1871-99.
-Popular Music of the Olden Time. 2 vols. 1855-9. New ed. , Wooldridge,
H. E. 2 vols. 1893.
A collection of national English airs . . . and essay on English Minstrelsy.
1840.
Davidson, T. , in Chambers's Encyclopaedia. Vol. 1, p. 680. 1888.
Dixon, J. H. Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England.
Percy Soc. 1846.
Scottish traditional versions of ancient ballads. Percy Soc. 1845.
Evans, T. Old Ballads. 2 vols. 1777. Ed. Evans, R. H. 4 vols. 1810.
Fehr, B. Die formelhaften Elemente in den alten Engl. Balladen. Basel,
1900.
Finlay, J. Scottish Historical and Romantic Ballads. 2 vols. Edinburgh,
1808.
Flügel, E. Zur Chronologie der Engl. Balladen. Anglia, XXI, 312 ff.
Fränkel, L. Zur Gesch. von Robin Hood. Eng. Stud. XVII, 316.
Gilchrist, J. A collection of Scottish Ballads, etc. 2 vols. Edinburgh,
1815.
Görbing, F. Beispiele von realisierten Mythen in den engl. u. schott. Balladen.
Anglia, XXIII, 1 ff.
Grundtvig, 8. H. Danmarks gamle Folkeviser. 5 vols. Copenhagen,
1853 ff.
Gutch, J. M. A Lytyll Geste of Robin Hode. 2 vols. 1847.
Hales, J. W. Folio Litteraria. 1893. For Chevy Chase.
Herd, D. Ancient and Modern Scots Songs, etc. Edinburgh, 1769. 2nd ed.
1776.
Jamieson, R. Popular Ballads and Songs. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1806.
Johnson, J. The Scots Musical Museum. 6 vols. Edinburgh, 1787-1803.
Ed. Stenhouse, W. and Laing, D. 4 vols. 1853.
Kinloch, G. Ancient Scottish Ballads. 1827.
Laing, D. Select Remains of the Ancient Popular Poetry of Scotland. 1822.
Ed. Small, J. 1885.
Early Popular Poetry of Scotland and the Border. 1822-6. Ed.
Hazlitt, W. C. 2 vols. 1895.
Lang, A. Myth, Ritual and Religion. 2 vols. 1887.
In Quarterly Review, July 1898; Chambers's Cyclopaedia of English Lit. ,
vol. 1, pp. 520 ff. , 1901; Blackwood's Magazine, CLVIII, Sept. 1895.
Lemcke, C. , in Jahrbuch f. rom, u. engl. Lit. iv, 1, 142, 297 ff.
Maidment, J. A North Countrie Garland. Edinburgh, 1824.
Scottish Ballads. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1868.
Motherwell, W. Minstrelsy, Ancient and Modern. Glasgow, 1827.
Newell, W. W. Games and Songs of American Children. New York, 1883.
Percy, T. Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. 3 vols. 1765. Ed. Wheatley
H. B. 3 vols. 1876–7. Ed. Schröer, A. 2 Hälften. Heilbronn, 1889-93.
Pinkerton, J. Scottish Tragic Ballads. 1781. See also Select Scottish
Ballads, 2 vols. , 1783.
[Phillips, A. ] A Collection of Old Ballads. 3 vols. 1723-5.
Ramsay, A. The Ever Green. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1724.
The Tea Table Miscellany. 1724 ff. 4 vols.
## p. 495 (#513) ############################################
Chapter XVII
495
:
Reliquiae Antiquae, ed. Halliwell, J. O. and Wright, T. , for the Judas
ballad (p. 144).
Ritson, J. Ancient Songs and Ballads. 2 vols. 1792. Ed. Hazlitt, W. C.
1877.
Ancient Popular Poetry. 1791. Ed. Goldsmid, E. 1884.
Scotish Song. 2 vols. 1794.
Select Collection of English Songs. 1783. Ed. Park, T. 3 vols. 1813.
Romantic Scottish Ballads: their epoch and authorship. n. d.
Russell, J. The Haigs of Bemersyde. Edinburgh, 1881. _(Chap. xiv for
social conditions of Old Border life, is quoted by Davidson, T. , in Chambers's
Encyclopaedia. )
Saintsbury, G. A History of English Prosody. Vol. 1. 1906.
Sharpe, C. K. A Ballad Book. Edinburgh, 1823. New ed. by Laing, D. ,
1880.
Scottish Minstrel, The. 1808.
Songster, Universal, The, or museum of mirth. 3 vols. (1825-6. ]
Veitch, J. History and Poetry of the Scottish Border. 1878. New ed.
2 vols. Glasgow, 1893.
Whitelaw, A. The Book of Scottish Ballads. Glasgow, 1844.
See also under Ballads, in W. P. Courtney's Register of National Biblio-
graphy, vol. I, p. 47, 1905, for catalogues of broadsides, eto.
F. B. G. & A. R. W.
CHAPTER XVIII
POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS VERSE TO THE CLOSE OF
THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY-FINAL WORDS
SUPPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NOTES.
As in the case of the bibliography to chap. XVII, vol. 1, a few works on the
social and political history of England during the Middle Ages are included
in the following bibliography; and advantage has been taken of the
opportunity afforded by a concluding chapter to add a few notes on books
and writers not specifically dealt with elsewhere. References to other histories
of English literature have been added in cases where fuller details are given
than has been either possible or deemed desirable in this work.
In addition to the general bibliographies mentioned on p. 419, vol. I,
W. Swan Sonnenschein's Best Books, 1891, and Reader's Guide to Con-
temporary Literature, 1895, may be mentioned as very useful aids, and, in
their respective spheres, G. K. Fortescue's Index of Printed Books added
to the British Museum during the past 25 years, and C. Sayle’s Early English
Printed Books in the University Library, Cambridge (1475-1640), 4 vols. ,
Cambridge, 1900-7, are invaluable. The catalogue of the London Library,
1903, and its various supplements, will also be found useful.
The Appendix volume to W. T. Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual, compiled
by H. G. Bohn (1864), contains a useful list of the publications of the Rox-
burghe, Bannatyne and Maitland Clubs, Surtees Society, Abbotsford Club,
Camden Society, Spalding Club, Irish Archaeological, Parker, Percy, Aelfrio
## p. 496 (#514) ############################################
496
Bibliography
Chetham, Philobiblon, Caxton, English Historical and Ossianic Societies,
Warton Club, and other literary, learned and scientific societies; of books
printed at private presses (Auchinleck, Lee Priory, etc. ); and of privately
printed series (J. Payne Collier, Halliwell, Maidment, Turnbull, Russell
Smith, etc. ). A revised edition of Lowndes, brought up to date, would be
a very great boon indeed to all workers in English literature.
English and Latin Writers and Texts.
Adam of Usk (A. 1400), chronicler (1377-1404). Ed. Thompson, E. M.
1876.
Audelay, John. Poems: a specimen of the Shropshire dialect in the 15th cent.
Ed. Halliwell, J. 0. Percy Society. 1844.
Baker, Geoffrey (A. 1350). For Baker's chronicles and for Sir Thomas de la
More, see Stubbs, W. , Chronicles of Edw. I and II, Rolls Series, 1882–3;
and ed. Thompson, E. M. , Oxford, 1889.
Baston, Robert (A. 1300), scholar of Oxfor and poet, of whom it is asserted
that, when captured by Robert Bruce, he was obliged to buy his release
by composing poems of exultation over the defeat of the English.
Cott. MS, Titus A. XX.
Berners, Dame Juliana. Cf. Le Venery de Twety, Reliq. Ant. , vol. I, p. 149,
and also The Booke of Hawkyng, Rel. Ant. , vol. 1.
The Decay of English Minstrelsy. Defends minstrel authorship, though
seemingly a lost cause.
Gummere, F. B. Introduction to Old English Ballads. Boston, 1894. Sub-
sequent editions unchanged: it contains an account of ballad criticism
in England and Germany. See also, by the same writer, The Ballad
and Communal Poetry, Child Memorial volume (v) of the Harvard
Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature, Boston, 1896; Primitive
Poetry and the Ballad, in Modern Philology, 1, Chicago, 1903-4; and The
Popular Ballad, 1907.
Hales, J. W. and Furnivall, F. J. (ed. ). Percy Folio Manuscript. 3 vols. and
a supplement. 1867-8. This made possible the collection now recog-
nised as final.
Hecht, H. , sums up the Neuere Literatur zur Englisch-schottischen
Balladendichtung in Englische Studien, xxxvi, 1906.
Henderson, T. F. Revised edition of Scott's Minstrelsy of the Scottish
Border. 4 vols. Edinburgh, 1902. With a general preface and particular
introductions which tend to trace each ballad to individual authors like
Burns and Scott.
Kittredge, G. L. Introduction to the one-volume edition of Child's Ballads.
Edited by Mrs Sargent and himself. Boston, 1904. This volume in-
cludes one or more versions of practically all the ballads, and the
introduction is a clear exposition of the doctrine that popular ballads
really belong to the people.
Lang, A. Article on Ballads, in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition. Lang
has expressed his opinion on the ballad-question in recent papers; in
particular may be noted his discussion of the ballad Auld Maitland in
Folk Lore, XIII, 191 ff. (1902), and his argument for communal author-
ship, ibid. xiv, 147 ff. (1903).
Sidgwick, F. Popular Ballads of the Olden Time. 1903, 1904, 1907. 3 series.
2 vols, issued so far. The introduction inclines to the theory that ballads
belong to the people, but makes allowance for opposing views such as
those of G. Gregory Smith and T. F. Henderson.
Smith, G. Gregory. The Transition Period. 1900. Chap. VI.
Older criticism, foreign and domestic, of English ballads is summarised
in F. B. Gummere's Introduction to Old English Ballads cited above. For
admirable discussion of ballad poetry in other lands see the introduction to
Constantino Nigra’s Canti Popolari del Piemonte, Turin, 1888, pp. xi-xxxvii,
and Gaston Paris, De l'Étude de la Poésie Populaire, in Melusine, 1, 1 ff.
Opposed to their doctrine is John Meier, whose Kunstlieder im Volksmunde,
Halle, 1906, indicates its theory by its title, and is not very far from
Henderson's point of view. It must be remembered, finally, that the majority
of the poems published by the Ballad Society, such as street-songs,
broadsides and popular ditties of every sort, belongs not to the subject of
this chapter, but to journalism.
The following books may also be consulted:
Addison, J. The Spectator. Nos. 70, 74. For Chevy Chase, eto,
Allingham, W. The Ballad Book. 1865 ff.
Aytoun, W. E. The Ballads of Scotland. 2 vols. 1858 ff.
## p. 494 (#512) ############################################
494
Bibliography
Bell, R. Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England.
1857.
Buchan, P. Ancient Ballads and Songs of the North of Scotland. 2 vols.
Edinburgh, 1828. Reprinted, 1875, etc.
Chambers, R. Scottish Ballads and Scottish Songs. 3 vols. Edinburgh, 1829.
Chappell, W. and Ebsworth, J. W. The Roxburghe Ballads. 9 vols. (27
parts). 1871-99.
-Popular Music of the Olden Time. 2 vols. 1855-9. New ed. , Wooldridge,
H. E. 2 vols. 1893.
A collection of national English airs . . . and essay on English Minstrelsy.
1840.
Davidson, T. , in Chambers's Encyclopaedia. Vol. 1, p. 680. 1888.
Dixon, J. H. Ancient Poems, Ballads and Songs of the Peasantry of England.
Percy Soc. 1846.
Scottish traditional versions of ancient ballads. Percy Soc. 1845.
Evans, T. Old Ballads. 2 vols. 1777. Ed. Evans, R. H. 4 vols. 1810.
Fehr, B. Die formelhaften Elemente in den alten Engl. Balladen. Basel,
1900.
Finlay, J. Scottish Historical and Romantic Ballads. 2 vols. Edinburgh,
1808.
Flügel, E. Zur Chronologie der Engl. Balladen. Anglia, XXI, 312 ff.
Fränkel, L. Zur Gesch. von Robin Hood. Eng. Stud. XVII, 316.
Gilchrist, J. A collection of Scottish Ballads, etc. 2 vols. Edinburgh,
1815.
Görbing, F. Beispiele von realisierten Mythen in den engl. u. schott. Balladen.
Anglia, XXIII, 1 ff.
Grundtvig, 8. H. Danmarks gamle Folkeviser. 5 vols. Copenhagen,
1853 ff.
Gutch, J. M. A Lytyll Geste of Robin Hode. 2 vols. 1847.
Hales, J. W. Folio Litteraria. 1893. For Chevy Chase.
Herd, D. Ancient and Modern Scots Songs, etc. Edinburgh, 1769. 2nd ed.
1776.
Jamieson, R. Popular Ballads and Songs. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1806.
Johnson, J. The Scots Musical Museum. 6 vols. Edinburgh, 1787-1803.
Ed. Stenhouse, W. and Laing, D. 4 vols. 1853.
Kinloch, G. Ancient Scottish Ballads. 1827.
Laing, D. Select Remains of the Ancient Popular Poetry of Scotland. 1822.
Ed. Small, J. 1885.
Early Popular Poetry of Scotland and the Border. 1822-6. Ed.
Hazlitt, W. C. 2 vols. 1895.
Lang, A. Myth, Ritual and Religion. 2 vols. 1887.
In Quarterly Review, July 1898; Chambers's Cyclopaedia of English Lit. ,
vol. 1, pp. 520 ff. , 1901; Blackwood's Magazine, CLVIII, Sept. 1895.
Lemcke, C. , in Jahrbuch f. rom, u. engl. Lit. iv, 1, 142, 297 ff.
Maidment, J. A North Countrie Garland. Edinburgh, 1824.
Scottish Ballads. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1868.
Motherwell, W. Minstrelsy, Ancient and Modern. Glasgow, 1827.
Newell, W. W. Games and Songs of American Children. New York, 1883.
Percy, T. Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. 3 vols. 1765. Ed. Wheatley
H. B. 3 vols. 1876–7. Ed. Schröer, A. 2 Hälften. Heilbronn, 1889-93.
Pinkerton, J. Scottish Tragic Ballads. 1781. See also Select Scottish
Ballads, 2 vols. , 1783.
[Phillips, A. ] A Collection of Old Ballads. 3 vols. 1723-5.
Ramsay, A. The Ever Green. 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1724.
The Tea Table Miscellany. 1724 ff. 4 vols.
## p. 495 (#513) ############################################
Chapter XVII
495
:
Reliquiae Antiquae, ed. Halliwell, J. O. and Wright, T. , for the Judas
ballad (p. 144).
Ritson, J. Ancient Songs and Ballads. 2 vols. 1792. Ed. Hazlitt, W. C.
1877.
Ancient Popular Poetry. 1791. Ed. Goldsmid, E. 1884.
Scotish Song. 2 vols. 1794.
Select Collection of English Songs. 1783. Ed. Park, T. 3 vols. 1813.
Romantic Scottish Ballads: their epoch and authorship. n. d.
Russell, J. The Haigs of Bemersyde. Edinburgh, 1881. _(Chap. xiv for
social conditions of Old Border life, is quoted by Davidson, T. , in Chambers's
Encyclopaedia. )
Saintsbury, G. A History of English Prosody. Vol. 1. 1906.
Sharpe, C. K. A Ballad Book. Edinburgh, 1823. New ed. by Laing, D. ,
1880.
Scottish Minstrel, The. 1808.
Songster, Universal, The, or museum of mirth. 3 vols. (1825-6. ]
Veitch, J. History and Poetry of the Scottish Border. 1878. New ed.
2 vols. Glasgow, 1893.
Whitelaw, A. The Book of Scottish Ballads. Glasgow, 1844.
See also under Ballads, in W. P. Courtney's Register of National Biblio-
graphy, vol. I, p. 47, 1905, for catalogues of broadsides, eto.
F. B. G. & A. R. W.
CHAPTER XVIII
POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS VERSE TO THE CLOSE OF
THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY-FINAL WORDS
SUPPLEMENTARY BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NOTES.
As in the case of the bibliography to chap. XVII, vol. 1, a few works on the
social and political history of England during the Middle Ages are included
in the following bibliography; and advantage has been taken of the
opportunity afforded by a concluding chapter to add a few notes on books
and writers not specifically dealt with elsewhere. References to other histories
of English literature have been added in cases where fuller details are given
than has been either possible or deemed desirable in this work.
In addition to the general bibliographies mentioned on p. 419, vol. I,
W. Swan Sonnenschein's Best Books, 1891, and Reader's Guide to Con-
temporary Literature, 1895, may be mentioned as very useful aids, and, in
their respective spheres, G. K. Fortescue's Index of Printed Books added
to the British Museum during the past 25 years, and C. Sayle’s Early English
Printed Books in the University Library, Cambridge (1475-1640), 4 vols. ,
Cambridge, 1900-7, are invaluable. The catalogue of the London Library,
1903, and its various supplements, will also be found useful.
The Appendix volume to W. T. Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual, compiled
by H. G. Bohn (1864), contains a useful list of the publications of the Rox-
burghe, Bannatyne and Maitland Clubs, Surtees Society, Abbotsford Club,
Camden Society, Spalding Club, Irish Archaeological, Parker, Percy, Aelfrio
## p. 496 (#514) ############################################
496
Bibliography
Chetham, Philobiblon, Caxton, English Historical and Ossianic Societies,
Warton Club, and other literary, learned and scientific societies; of books
printed at private presses (Auchinleck, Lee Priory, etc. ); and of privately
printed series (J. Payne Collier, Halliwell, Maidment, Turnbull, Russell
Smith, etc. ). A revised edition of Lowndes, brought up to date, would be
a very great boon indeed to all workers in English literature.
English and Latin Writers and Texts.
Adam of Usk (A. 1400), chronicler (1377-1404). Ed. Thompson, E. M.
1876.
Audelay, John. Poems: a specimen of the Shropshire dialect in the 15th cent.
Ed. Halliwell, J. 0. Percy Society. 1844.
Baker, Geoffrey (A. 1350). For Baker's chronicles and for Sir Thomas de la
More, see Stubbs, W. , Chronicles of Edw. I and II, Rolls Series, 1882–3;
and ed. Thompson, E. M. , Oxford, 1889.
Baston, Robert (A. 1300), scholar of Oxfor and poet, of whom it is asserted
that, when captured by Robert Bruce, he was obliged to buy his release
by composing poems of exultation over the defeat of the English.
Cott. MS, Titus A. XX.
Berners, Dame Juliana. Cf. Le Venery de Twety, Reliq. Ant. , vol. I, p. 149,
and also The Booke of Hawkyng, Rel. Ant. , vol. 1.
