The earliest evidence of this is in an
inscription
of 362 11.
Demosthenese - First Philippic and the Olynthiacs
-rr|s: the famous Athenian general, who at the
age of 25 was put in command of the forces sent to the aid
of the Boeotians after the battle of Coroneia (394). During
the 'Corinthian war' he formed a body of mercenaries
equipped so as to combine the advantages of heavy and
light-armed troops. Owing to the jealousy of the Argive allies
of Athens during that war, he was superseded by Chabr'ias.
Xaflptas: we first hear of him as the successor of
Iphicrates at Corinth. His most famous exploit was the
defeat of the Lacedaemonian fleet at Naxos, 376 13. 0. , 11)::
1repl NdEov vaunaxlav e? vlku. Xaflplas (23 ? 198). His exploits
are eulogised in 20 ? ? 75--83. He was no longer living when
this speech was delivered, having fallen at the siege of Chios
(357). Iphicrates was still alive.
206. m'rror'Js: emphatically placed before, instead of after,
lipids.
207. olfi' dxoi'mw: cp. l. 203. AaxeSarpovtovs--e? vtxov:
referring to the exploit of the destruction of the Lacedaemonian
mo'ra (Xen. Hell. iv 5, 11), often lauded by the orators, Aeschin.
3 ? 243, Dinarchus 1 ? 75, etc. The Imperfect is constantly
used, even of single victories, as in Thuc. i13 ult. , Andoc. 1
g 107 (at Marathon) ,uaxeedlrevot 1' e? lewv . . Kat 11")" 1ra'rpl5'
(TWO'CUI.
210. coils Mkovs vuxi: so far from 'conquering the Spartans,'
these mercenaries, when they take the field unaccompanied by
Athenian citizens, 'conquer the friends and allies' of Athens
by making raids upon them and plundering their territories.
Isoer. 8 ? 46 (356 13. 6. ) Eevo'rpozpefu ? 1HK? X? LP7IIKG,U. EII, Kai Tabs
cuppdxous TOL'IS' haere? povs ai'rrifiv Mauve/Leda Kat dad/Loho'yoiiaeu,
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 94 FIRST PHILIPPIO IV ? ? 2
? 5 end, 8 ? 24, 23 ? 61. Thirlwall v 210, Grote c. 87
35--7.
211. oi. 8' EXBPoC: ? 471. 428.
212. wapaxe? dmvflo) 'having (merely) given a passing 1
rapaxe? rrsw is not found elsewhere in any of the Orat _ it
belongs to the language of Comedy, and is often used of p "on,
peeping out of a window and catching a glimpse of passe why
(e. g. Aristoph. PM: 971).
213. 'Ap-re? fialov: in 356 3. 0. , during the Social Vv
Char-es, instead of attacking the revolted allies, took sen
under the satrap Artabazus, who was in rebellion against ' the
king of Persia (Diodorus xvi 22). His object was to sec 1m
pay for his troops. He gave battle to the king's forces a nd
gained a splendid victory. The remuneration he received fr
Artabazus placed the Athenian army in temporary afiluenc
and helped to reconcile the Athenians to his neglect of h'
immediate duty. The services of Chares were of importan
to Athens, and it is for this reason that Demosthenes refraii a
from direct censure of his conduct; accordingly, he lays t m
responsibility on the mercenary troops whom the general four d
himself compelled to follow instead of leading. Cp. 2 ? 2
Thirlwall c. 42 v 235, Grotc c. 86 viii 660 f.
214. 6 8% a-rpwr'nvbg dxohouee'i: the tribrach in the las
words may perhaps be defended on the ground of the satirical char.
the passage. Cp. 3 ? 31 Bondpc'inia, 4 ? 36 61. E'xc'ivn. new dwavra, 5 '
65 [Ls-rd. rd. flpiiynn-ru. KT! \. , 8 ? 11 41,152; 5' e? fleusdv 1ru9n3n66u'. -rr 'yL
Tqvucafi'ra. Bopuflonusga Kai. napao'xcvafilanu. (quoted by Blass
111 i 109 2 f).
215. 01': ydp garrw lipsz corresponds in rhy '
81. 86qu pan-96v. This symmetry of form gives fr
the epigram.
? 25 l. 216. 115. 9 rpodxirras: 2 ? 27.
218. Ewe? rr'rcts (quoted by Pollux ii 58) . -
'inspectors,' 'overseers ' ; a stronger '
arparn'yovne? uwv, ? 47. The Word 0
but is rare in Prose. ,The Mr"
metaphorically in Plato s L
1repi vbnovs e? rorrreve? vrwv (' r '
of the word and its me
prefixed.
The repetition of 16w '1
Blass, in the light of "a
He therefore prefers m
mysteries being thus
Praef. p. xxiv). A
regarded as othe -
urs in Aesch. PV. 299,
sponding participle is used
_ s 951D To" a'iihho'yov To>> 1611
1ew '). It is because of the rarity
,phoricnl application that diorcp is
how, here and in ? 47 is sus ected b
p, _ o Lilianius quoted in this Critigal Notesy.
lmim-a: raw Bpwpre? vwv, the metaphor from the
' - up by an appropriate participle (Teubner text,
mops-q; at the mysteries, however, can hardly be
11 a passu'e and awe-struck spectator of the sacred
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? IV ? ? 25, 26 FIRST PHILIPPIC' 95
rites, whereas the citizen-soldier should be a keen and active inspector
of the commander's Operations. The text of the nss has therefore been
retained. 0n the general sense see Holm Ilist. Gr. iii 0. 18 n. 6.
219. 're? iv o~r 'rrlyoope? vmv = 1'60 1rapd. 16v a-rpam'ye? 'w 1rpa'r'ro-
,m'vwv (? 47) ; enter, as in 115>> werpco'ficupe? vwv (19 ? 19).
wapaxwranfivums, ' by attaching,' so. 10? : arpar'q'yois 49 ? 25.
220. yam, 'a mockery,' = 'yehoi'ov, as in 14 ? 26, 19 ? ? 72,
272, 294, 332. Similarly dvd'ymy (? 10)=dva'yxa. i'ov, and are;
(1 ? 3) = 6etv6v. xpe? peOa, ' manage. '
222. oi'rx finds 1(a), 'no, indeed; not we. ' 76 emphasises
mix as much as basis.
223. wokepofipev: since 357 no.
? 261. 223. Exeipo'roveirs: the Imperf. implies a retrospect
over the whole duration of the war with Philip, including the
current year. While most of the public officials at Athens
were appointed by lot (Khflpw'rol), all the military oflicers were
elected by open voting (see Aristotle's Guest. of Athens 61
? ? 1--5). The ten generals and ten captains (one for each
tribe) commanded the Infantry; the two generals of horse
and the ten captains of horse (one for each tribe) commanded
the Cavalry. In the text the inferior officers in each arm of
the service are mentioned first. This admits of the several
officers, who are ten in number, being enumerated consecutively,
leaving the list to be closed by the two generals of horse.
226. 1rM|v e? vbs--mihepov: at first the ten a'rpanryot exercised
a joint control in military matters. In the second half of the
fourth century ac. each of them had special duties assigned to
him.
The earliest evidence of this is in an inscription of 362 11. 0. ,
6 a'Tpa-rn'ybs 6 e'n-l 'rv'yv ? vkaxnv T'fis Xdrpas (Bulletin de Correep.
Helle'nique xiii 434 l. 119 and 443). The chief command in
foreign campaigns was at the same time assigned to the
o'TpaT'rrybs e? 1rl Tails 61rM'ras. This must be the officer meant
in the text, the date of which is 351 13. 0. See Aristotle's Const.
of Athens 61 ? 1, with Gilbert's Gk. Const. Ant. i 257 f = 231
Eng]. ed.
227. Ex'rre? pairqfle): ? 45 Brat 6' dv "paw-ya>> e? K'n'e? /utn-rs, 2
? 28 86011! 61! e? KTe? fl? flT? o'rpa'rn'yolis. e? mre? /twew is applied to a
general in 15 ? 9 and elsewhere.
It is therefore unnecessary to accept we? pilm're, which has inferior
authority in the less, although it gets rid of the collocation of three short
syllables and introduces a play of words between ne'I-nl'ew irrparrrye? v and
ne? nnew mnmiv. This last consideration ought really to weigh against the
alteration.
1'53 flop-'mis 1re? p1roww: 3 ? 31, 'marshal your processions. '
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 96 FIRST PHILIPPIC' IV ? 26
These ceremonial processions, which formed an impressive part
of certain important festivals, were of the nature of a public
parade in which the Athenian cavalry were conspicuous. The
finely sculptured forms of the horsemen of Athens may be seen
in the frieze of the Parthenon, which (according to the best
modern authorities) represents the actual celebration of the
Panathcnaic festival, including the grand procession which
formed an im ortunt part of it. The procession of cavalry
was marshalle by one of the two i'1r1rapxoi. Xen. Hipparchi-
6168 3 ? l ne'hew 66$ 'qu lrrdpxq, . . times 16. 9 'irop. 1r? 'r. s e? v 1117s
e'opTais dEiofledrous Ionics: K'rh. Cp. Dem. 21 ? 171 e'xeipo'rovfi-
a'a're Tofi'rov (Meidias) . . Y1r1rapxov, oxe'io'fiai 5:11. 15'): ci-yopc'is
rais round: or) 6uudieevov. The a-rpar-rryol and Tafiapxoi are
mentioned, with the Zepo-iroiol, in an inscription of 340 B. c. ,
stating the portions of the preliminary sacrifices to be assigned
to the several oflicialsz--C'IA. ii 163 10? ; lcpmrom'is Kai 'ro'is
o'rparnyofs Kai 'ro'is 'raEidpxois play (nspioa) Kai 'ro'i's wo/ivreficrw
102s 'AOnvaiois (AMommsen Heortologie . 173, Martin Les
Cavaliers Athe? niens pp. 145--57). The At enian hoplites also
took part in the Panathenaic procession (Thuc. vi 56 ? 2, 58,
Aristotle Uonsi. of Athens 18 ? 4).
228. iepo'lrouiiv, 'commissioners of sacrifices,' appointed by
lot, to superintend nearly all the quadrennial festivals: of . .
'rds wsvrcrnplfias drdaas BioLKoilo'w 1rth Havafi'rlvalwv (Aristotle
C'onst. of Athens 54 ? 6).
229. at nhdfiov'res 'roiis Ir'quous: ol Koporhdfloi (Isocr. 15
? 2), 'pnppet-makers,' lit. 'those who model the clay figures ' ;
sc. 1roiob'a'w (? 34), or whdrroua'w, :1: Tip! d'yopdv. We may
supply with robs mvaovs a cogn. acc. dufipidv-ras.
Cp. [Xen. ] de rep. Lac. 3 ? 5 e? xeivmv . . fi-rmv pe? v 5w ? uwiyv alums '
15w Aifli'vwv, fir-rov 8' 5w ennui-a. neraarpe'il/ais i) 1'ti xanGw, and
Ariswph. Ecol. 1035 117w n'pivwv, and especially Anon. Oi'ntio Corinthinoa,
printed in Teubner text of Die Chrys. ii 801, 18 1'; 16 main" niw rail;
nnkivouq 1r/\a. 'r're? v-rwv; ib. 23 oil; . . Mxoiis 'id-m-rs Tod-ron |i1ro? aivrre
75w hypivaw #Maxw-re'povc, where 101'; we "in occurs two lines before
for}; "Malone. Lucian Lez'iphanes 22 EAs/hj u: mun-bu 70? ; inrb 111w nope-
1r/\a'. 0wv sis ripv ei-yo iiv nAarrope'vors c'oma'n, xexpwa'ae'vos p. 51: rfi
pL'M-q: Kai. 1n} nvavqi, 10 8' e? 'vSoOcv mihuni; 're Kai. eiiO vm'og 6311(KOMiiller
Ancient Art ? 805, 4, Becker's Chanclcs p. 223 Eng . ed. 1866). In 1896
Dr. Dorpfeld excavated on the W. slope of the Areopagus a house con-
taining a large number of moulds for casting term-cottn figures (Berlin.
phil. Wurh. 1896 p. 1087). Some commentators (Franke, Westermann,
Blass, and Weil) prefer understanding ra? ie? pxovs mi ? w\a'. pxovq, in which
case there would be a special reference to term-cotta figures of oflieers,
corresponding to the tin soldiers of modern times. The invention of toy
soldiers is ascribed (by Eustathius Comm. on Iliad xi 20) to a prehistoric
king of Cyprus--L'imagimttion des Grecs avail reporie? s'ua' le want that mi
le? gendaire dc Chyp're, Kinyros, l'e'closion de ceile ee? ramique militai're. 0n
meonlait qu'au temps de la gzler're dc Troie, 12 mi chyp'riote, lie? par une
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 1v ? ? 26, 27 FIRST PHILIPPIC' 97
promesse d'auiunce? "P96 Agumemnon, avait en recou'rs d an subterfuge pour
se soustmi're 1'1 L'obltgG/tion dz prendre part it l'expe'dition et qu'il avail
envoye' une jlotte de EB'I'Te 614i? 2(6<11pe? mvuv o're? on), monte? e par zles solduts de
me? m nuttie're (yrfivous 6118 as). EPottier Les Statuettes de Terre Cum dans
Z'A ntiquize? 1890 p. 27. ne of the Tanagra figurines represents a Greek
hoplite with helmet, cuirass, and chlamys (figured ib. p. 93). But it is
not until the latter part of the sentence that the 'oflicers' are mentioned,
and it seems best to understand such a word as ivSpuim-ag, which would
suggest itself to the audience immediately after hearing 10in; 1rq/\|. 'vovq.
Reference to toy officers is not excluded by this interpretation. All that
is here contended is that the reference is not to toy oflicers alone.
els 'rv'lv dyopdv, 'for the market-place,' here mentioned not
only as the place where terra-cotta toys, etc, were sold, but
also as the principal scene of the festal processions.
For the former cp. Lucian (quoted in last note), and sis r2111 dye/adv
Mania/aw (Menander); also Aeschiu. 1 ? 97 yvvaina. dne? wa. e? mu-rancvnv
e'pya'gso'flal. . . sis 'riqv dyopulv (Cobet VL. pp. 94 f). FOI' t e letter, 21 ? 171
inapxov bxsio'em. 81. 6. 'rfis zi'yopa-s fair; around-i: of: Suvafuevov, Xen.
Hipparchicus 3 ? 2 16. : ne?
age of 25 was put in command of the forces sent to the aid
of the Boeotians after the battle of Coroneia (394). During
the 'Corinthian war' he formed a body of mercenaries
equipped so as to combine the advantages of heavy and
light-armed troops. Owing to the jealousy of the Argive allies
of Athens during that war, he was superseded by Chabr'ias.
Xaflptas: we first hear of him as the successor of
Iphicrates at Corinth. His most famous exploit was the
defeat of the Lacedaemonian fleet at Naxos, 376 13. 0. , 11)::
1repl NdEov vaunaxlav e? vlku. Xaflplas (23 ? 198). His exploits
are eulogised in 20 ? ? 75--83. He was no longer living when
this speech was delivered, having fallen at the siege of Chios
(357). Iphicrates was still alive.
206. m'rror'Js: emphatically placed before, instead of after,
lipids.
207. olfi' dxoi'mw: cp. l. 203. AaxeSarpovtovs--e? vtxov:
referring to the exploit of the destruction of the Lacedaemonian
mo'ra (Xen. Hell. iv 5, 11), often lauded by the orators, Aeschin.
3 ? 243, Dinarchus 1 ? 75, etc. The Imperfect is constantly
used, even of single victories, as in Thuc. i13 ult. , Andoc. 1
g 107 (at Marathon) ,uaxeedlrevot 1' e? lewv . . Kat 11")" 1ra'rpl5'
(TWO'CUI.
210. coils Mkovs vuxi: so far from 'conquering the Spartans,'
these mercenaries, when they take the field unaccompanied by
Athenian citizens, 'conquer the friends and allies' of Athens
by making raids upon them and plundering their territories.
Isoer. 8 ? 46 (356 13. 6. ) Eevo'rpozpefu ? 1HK? X? LP7IIKG,U. EII, Kai Tabs
cuppdxous TOL'IS' haere? povs ai'rrifiv Mauve/Leda Kat dad/Loho'yoiiaeu,
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 94 FIRST PHILIPPIO IV ? ? 2
? 5 end, 8 ? 24, 23 ? 61. Thirlwall v 210, Grote c. 87
35--7.
211. oi. 8' EXBPoC: ? 471. 428.
212. wapaxe? dmvflo) 'having (merely) given a passing 1
rapaxe? rrsw is not found elsewhere in any of the Orat _ it
belongs to the language of Comedy, and is often used of p "on,
peeping out of a window and catching a glimpse of passe why
(e. g. Aristoph. PM: 971).
213. 'Ap-re? fialov: in 356 3. 0. , during the Social Vv
Char-es, instead of attacking the revolted allies, took sen
under the satrap Artabazus, who was in rebellion against ' the
king of Persia (Diodorus xvi 22). His object was to sec 1m
pay for his troops. He gave battle to the king's forces a nd
gained a splendid victory. The remuneration he received fr
Artabazus placed the Athenian army in temporary afiluenc
and helped to reconcile the Athenians to his neglect of h'
immediate duty. The services of Chares were of importan
to Athens, and it is for this reason that Demosthenes refraii a
from direct censure of his conduct; accordingly, he lays t m
responsibility on the mercenary troops whom the general four d
himself compelled to follow instead of leading. Cp. 2 ? 2
Thirlwall c. 42 v 235, Grotc c. 86 viii 660 f.
214. 6 8% a-rpwr'nvbg dxohouee'i: the tribrach in the las
words may perhaps be defended on the ground of the satirical char.
the passage. Cp. 3 ? 31 Bondpc'inia, 4 ? 36 61. E'xc'ivn. new dwavra, 5 '
65 [Ls-rd. rd. flpiiynn-ru. KT! \. , 8 ? 11 41,152; 5' e? fleusdv 1ru9n3n66u'. -rr 'yL
Tqvucafi'ra. Bopuflonusga Kai. napao'xcvafilanu. (quoted by Blass
111 i 109 2 f).
215. 01': ydp garrw lipsz corresponds in rhy '
81. 86qu pan-96v. This symmetry of form gives fr
the epigram.
? 25 l. 216. 115. 9 rpodxirras: 2 ? 27.
218. Ewe? rr'rcts (quoted by Pollux ii 58) . -
'inspectors,' 'overseers ' ; a stronger '
arparn'yovne? uwv, ? 47. The Word 0
but is rare in Prose. ,The Mr"
metaphorically in Plato s L
1repi vbnovs e? rorrreve? vrwv (' r '
of the word and its me
prefixed.
The repetition of 16w '1
Blass, in the light of "a
He therefore prefers m
mysteries being thus
Praef. p. xxiv). A
regarded as othe -
urs in Aesch. PV. 299,
sponding participle is used
_ s 951D To" a'iihho'yov To>> 1611
1ew '). It is because of the rarity
,phoricnl application that diorcp is
how, here and in ? 47 is sus ected b
p, _ o Lilianius quoted in this Critigal Notesy.
lmim-a: raw Bpwpre? vwv, the metaphor from the
' - up by an appropriate participle (Teubner text,
mops-q; at the mysteries, however, can hardly be
11 a passu'e and awe-struck spectator of the sacred
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? IV ? ? 25, 26 FIRST PHILIPPIC' 95
rites, whereas the citizen-soldier should be a keen and active inspector
of the commander's Operations. The text of the nss has therefore been
retained. 0n the general sense see Holm Ilist. Gr. iii 0. 18 n. 6.
219. 're? iv o~r 'rrlyoope? vmv = 1'60 1rapd. 16v a-rpam'ye? 'w 1rpa'r'ro-
,m'vwv (? 47) ; enter, as in 115>> werpco'ficupe? vwv (19 ? 19).
wapaxwranfivums, ' by attaching,' so. 10? : arpar'q'yois 49 ? 25.
220. yam, 'a mockery,' = 'yehoi'ov, as in 14 ? 26, 19 ? ? 72,
272, 294, 332. Similarly dvd'ymy (? 10)=dva'yxa. i'ov, and are;
(1 ? 3) = 6etv6v. xpe? peOa, ' manage. '
222. oi'rx finds 1(a), 'no, indeed; not we. ' 76 emphasises
mix as much as basis.
223. wokepofipev: since 357 no.
? 261. 223. Exeipo'roveirs: the Imperf. implies a retrospect
over the whole duration of the war with Philip, including the
current year. While most of the public officials at Athens
were appointed by lot (Khflpw'rol), all the military oflicers were
elected by open voting (see Aristotle's Guest. of Athens 61
? ? 1--5). The ten generals and ten captains (one for each
tribe) commanded the Infantry; the two generals of horse
and the ten captains of horse (one for each tribe) commanded
the Cavalry. In the text the inferior officers in each arm of
the service are mentioned first. This admits of the several
officers, who are ten in number, being enumerated consecutively,
leaving the list to be closed by the two generals of horse.
226. 1rM|v e? vbs--mihepov: at first the ten a'rpanryot exercised
a joint control in military matters. In the second half of the
fourth century ac. each of them had special duties assigned to
him.
The earliest evidence of this is in an inscription of 362 11. 0. ,
6 a'Tpa-rn'ybs 6 e'n-l 'rv'yv ? vkaxnv T'fis Xdrpas (Bulletin de Correep.
Helle'nique xiii 434 l. 119 and 443). The chief command in
foreign campaigns was at the same time assigned to the
o'TpaT'rrybs e? 1rl Tails 61rM'ras. This must be the officer meant
in the text, the date of which is 351 13. 0. See Aristotle's Const.
of Athens 61 ? 1, with Gilbert's Gk. Const. Ant. i 257 f = 231
Eng]. ed.
227. Ex'rre? pairqfle): ? 45 Brat 6' dv "paw-ya>> e? K'n'e? /utn-rs, 2
? 28 86011! 61! e? KTe? fl? flT? o'rpa'rn'yolis. e? mre? /twew is applied to a
general in 15 ? 9 and elsewhere.
It is therefore unnecessary to accept we? pilm're, which has inferior
authority in the less, although it gets rid of the collocation of three short
syllables and introduces a play of words between ne'I-nl'ew irrparrrye? v and
ne? nnew mnmiv. This last consideration ought really to weigh against the
alteration.
1'53 flop-'mis 1re? p1roww: 3 ? 31, 'marshal your processions. '
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 96 FIRST PHILIPPIC' IV ? 26
These ceremonial processions, which formed an impressive part
of certain important festivals, were of the nature of a public
parade in which the Athenian cavalry were conspicuous. The
finely sculptured forms of the horsemen of Athens may be seen
in the frieze of the Parthenon, which (according to the best
modern authorities) represents the actual celebration of the
Panathcnaic festival, including the grand procession which
formed an im ortunt part of it. The procession of cavalry
was marshalle by one of the two i'1r1rapxoi. Xen. Hipparchi-
6168 3 ? l ne'hew 66$ 'qu lrrdpxq, . . times 16. 9 'irop. 1r? 'r. s e? v 1117s
e'opTais dEiofledrous Ionics: K'rh. Cp. Dem. 21 ? 171 e'xeipo'rovfi-
a'a're Tofi'rov (Meidias) . . Y1r1rapxov, oxe'io'fiai 5:11. 15'): ci-yopc'is
rais round: or) 6uudieevov. The a-rpar-rryol and Tafiapxoi are
mentioned, with the Zepo-iroiol, in an inscription of 340 B. c. ,
stating the portions of the preliminary sacrifices to be assigned
to the several oflicialsz--C'IA. ii 163 10? ; lcpmrom'is Kai 'ro'is
o'rparnyofs Kai 'ro'is 'raEidpxois play (nspioa) Kai 'ro'i's wo/ivreficrw
102s 'AOnvaiois (AMommsen Heortologie . 173, Martin Les
Cavaliers Athe? niens pp. 145--57). The At enian hoplites also
took part in the Panathenaic procession (Thuc. vi 56 ? 2, 58,
Aristotle Uonsi. of Athens 18 ? 4).
228. iepo'lrouiiv, 'commissioners of sacrifices,' appointed by
lot, to superintend nearly all the quadrennial festivals: of . .
'rds wsvrcrnplfias drdaas BioLKoilo'w 1rth Havafi'rlvalwv (Aristotle
C'onst. of Athens 54 ? 6).
229. at nhdfiov'res 'roiis Ir'quous: ol Koporhdfloi (Isocr. 15
? 2), 'pnppet-makers,' lit. 'those who model the clay figures ' ;
sc. 1roiob'a'w (? 34), or whdrroua'w, :1: Tip! d'yopdv. We may
supply with robs mvaovs a cogn. acc. dufipidv-ras.
Cp. [Xen. ] de rep. Lac. 3 ? 5 e? xeivmv . . fi-rmv pe? v 5w ? uwiyv alums '
15w Aifli'vwv, fir-rov 8' 5w ennui-a. neraarpe'il/ais i) 1'ti xanGw, and
Ariswph. Ecol. 1035 117w n'pivwv, and especially Anon. Oi'ntio Corinthinoa,
printed in Teubner text of Die Chrys. ii 801, 18 1'; 16 main" niw rail;
nnkivouq 1r/\a. 'r're? v-rwv; ib. 23 oil; . . Mxoiis 'id-m-rs Tod-ron |i1ro? aivrre
75w hypivaw #Maxw-re'povc, where 101'; we "in occurs two lines before
for}; "Malone. Lucian Lez'iphanes 22 EAs/hj u: mun-bu 70? ; inrb 111w nope-
1r/\a'. 0wv sis ripv ei-yo iiv nAarrope'vors c'oma'n, xexpwa'ae'vos p. 51: rfi
pL'M-q: Kai. 1n} nvavqi, 10 8' e? 'vSoOcv mihuni; 're Kai. eiiO vm'og 6311(KOMiiller
Ancient Art ? 805, 4, Becker's Chanclcs p. 223 Eng . ed. 1866). In 1896
Dr. Dorpfeld excavated on the W. slope of the Areopagus a house con-
taining a large number of moulds for casting term-cottn figures (Berlin.
phil. Wurh. 1896 p. 1087). Some commentators (Franke, Westermann,
Blass, and Weil) prefer understanding ra? ie? pxovs mi ? w\a'. pxovq, in which
case there would be a special reference to term-cotta figures of oflieers,
corresponding to the tin soldiers of modern times. The invention of toy
soldiers is ascribed (by Eustathius Comm. on Iliad xi 20) to a prehistoric
king of Cyprus--L'imagimttion des Grecs avail reporie? s'ua' le want that mi
le? gendaire dc Chyp're, Kinyros, l'e'closion de ceile ee? ramique militai're. 0n
meonlait qu'au temps de la gzler're dc Troie, 12 mi chyp'riote, lie? par une
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 1v ? ? 26, 27 FIRST PHILIPPIC' 97
promesse d'auiunce? "P96 Agumemnon, avait en recou'rs d an subterfuge pour
se soustmi're 1'1 L'obltgG/tion dz prendre part it l'expe'dition et qu'il avail
envoye' une jlotte de EB'I'Te 614i? 2(6<11pe? mvuv o're? on), monte? e par zles solduts de
me? m nuttie're (yrfivous 6118 as). EPottier Les Statuettes de Terre Cum dans
Z'A ntiquize? 1890 p. 27. ne of the Tanagra figurines represents a Greek
hoplite with helmet, cuirass, and chlamys (figured ib. p. 93). But it is
not until the latter part of the sentence that the 'oflicers' are mentioned,
and it seems best to understand such a word as ivSpuim-ag, which would
suggest itself to the audience immediately after hearing 10in; 1rq/\|. 'vovq.
Reference to toy officers is not excluded by this interpretation. All that
is here contended is that the reference is not to toy oflicers alone.
els 'rv'lv dyopdv, 'for the market-place,' here mentioned not
only as the place where terra-cotta toys, etc, were sold, but
also as the principal scene of the festal processions.
For the former cp. Lucian (quoted in last note), and sis r2111 dye/adv
Mania/aw (Menander); also Aeschiu. 1 ? 97 yvvaina. dne? wa. e? mu-rancvnv
e'pya'gso'flal. . . sis 'riqv dyopulv (Cobet VL. pp. 94 f). FOI' t e letter, 21 ? 171
inapxov bxsio'em. 81. 6. 'rfis zi'yopa-s fair; around-i: of: Suvafuevov, Xen.
Hipparchicus 3 ? 2 16. : ne?
