's
scientific
research on the Essays); Spedding, J.
Cambridge History of English Literature - 1908 - v04
of
present work.
Works to be consulted :
Baldwin, C. S. Modern Language Association of America, June 1904.
Cross, W. L. Development of the English Novel. 1899.
Greenough, C. N. Studies in the Development of Character-writing in
England. Harvard, 1898. Larger work in preparation,
Halliwell, J. O. Books of Characters. Illustrating habits and manners of
Englishmen, from the reign of James 1st to the Restoration, 1857.
Confused Characters. 1860.
Lee, E. Selections from La Bruyère and Vauvenargues. 1902.
Raleigh, W. A. The English Novel. 1891.
Seccombe, T. and Allen, J. W. Age of Shakespeare. Vol. 1, bk. 11, § 4.
I
Whibley, C. , in Blackwood's Magazine, June, 1909.
English character writing should be distinguished from French portraits,
which may have been imitated from Holland or copied from the famous
relazioni in which the Venetian ambassadors depicted the most important
personalities of the court to which they might be attached; see M. de
Boislisle Ann. -Bulletin de la Soc. de l'Hist. de France, t. XXXIII, 1896.
The French portrait consists in a description of the physiognomy, complexion,
figure, appearance and mannerisms of an individual designated under a
pseudonym. This art was cultivated in the salons which flourished during the
a
## p. 523 (#545) ############################################
Chapter XVI
523
first half of the 16th cent. , in such romances as Le Grand Cyrus and Clélie and
in the collection of portraits made under the auspices of Mlle de Montpensier.
After the appearance of Charles Sorel's Description de l'isle de Portraiture,
1659, the art, as a social amusement, began to decay, but reached its consum-
mation in the memoir-writers, especially Saint Simon, and started on a new
stage of development in La Bruyère. Owing to the absence of salons in
England, this style of writing has remained undeveloped, though there are
a few striking exceptions, such as Philautus's description to Psellus of the
Gentlewoman in Euphues and his England (p. 340 of Arber's ed. ), Nashe's
portrait of Harvey in Have with you, the pictures of low-class passengers
in the Cobler of Canterburie and Westward for Smelts, the portrait of
Colonel Hutchinson by his wife and the historical portraiture of the second
half of the 17th cent. On the other hand, the cultivation of portraits, maxims,
etc. , have left French 17th cent. literature poor in character sketches of the
English type, Le Moine's Peintures Morales, 1643, being the nearest parallel
in this period. It should also be noted that the same influence which favoured
the portrait and starved the generic character also hindered the development
of the discursive essay, in spite of Montaigne's example, bat encouraged the
maxime and the pensée, i. e. condensed and aphoristic reflections, of which
the most accomplished master was La Rochefoucauld.
See Cousin, V. , La Société française au XVII Siècle, 1854-1869; Fournel, V. ,
La litt. indépendante et les écrivains oubliés au XVII siècle; Franz, A. , Das
literarische Porträt in Frankreich im Zeitalter Richelieus und Mazarins, 1906;
Lee, E. , Intro. to selections from La Bruyère and Vauvenargues, 1903; Petit
de Julleville, Hist. de la langue et de la litt. francaise, 1897, vol. iv, chap. II;
Sainte-Beuve, Portraits de Femmes, 1840, Causeries du Lundi, 1853, vols. XI,
XIV, Nouveaux Lundis, 1863, vols. V, X.
ESSAY.
Sources:
Epictetus. Dissertationes. Text. Shenkl, H. 1898. Trans. Healey, John. 1610.
Plutarch's Moralia. Bernardakis. 1888-96. Trans. Holland, P. 1603. Vitae
Parallelae. Trans. North, T. 1579.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (not the dramatist). Dialogi; De Beneficiis; Epis-
tolae morales. Text. Haase, F. 1853. Trans. Lodge, Thomas: The
Workes, both Morrall and Natural, of Lucius Annaeus Seneca. 1614.
Montaigne. First appearance of essays, 1580. Revises and expands his work
and adds a third book, 1588. Early trans. by Florio, John, 1603, 2nd ed.
1613.
See Becker, P. A. , Montaignes geistige Entwicklung in Deutsche
Literaturzeitung, 4 Sept. 1909; Bond, R. W. , Montaigne, 1907; Dieckow,
F. A. F. , John Florio's englishe Übersetzung der Essais Montaigne's
und Lord Bacon's, Ben Jonson's und Robert Burton's Verbältnis zu
Montaigne, 1903; Dowden, E. , Montaigne, 1907; Texte, J. , Études de
Litt. Européenne, 1898; Villey, P. , Les sources et l'évolution des Essais
de Montaigne, 1908.
Anticipations in English Literature.
Caxton's prefaces (ante, vol. II1, chap. XIV). Jest-books (especially Merrie
Tales and quicke answers, ibid. chap. v). Andrew Boorde, William Bullein
(ibid. ). Disquisitions on Women (especially the Scholehouse for Women).
Lord Burghley, Precepts or Directions for the well ordering and carriage of
a man's life (printed 1637, though composed in 16th cent. See Peck's Desi-
derata Curiosa, and Kippis's ed. of Biographia Britannica. )
## p. 524 (#546) ############################################
524
Bibliography
.
English Essays.
Remedies against Discontentment, drawen into severall Discourses from the
writinges of auncient Philosophers. 1596. (See Arber, E. , A Harmony
of the Essays, etc. , 1895, Prologue, pp. ix and x. )
Greeneham. Diverse sermons and tracts uppon severall textes. 1599.
Essayes by Sir William Corne-waleys. 1600, etc. Essayes of certaine Para.
doxes. 1616. Essayes. Newlie corrected. Discourses upon Seneca the
tragedian. 1632.
Johnson, Robert. Essaies or Rather Imperfect Offers. 1601, etc.
J. , H. The Mirrour of Worldly fame. 1603. Rptd Harl. Misc. 1808, 11, 515.
Anon. Essays of conjecture. 1607.
T[uvill), D[avid). Essaies Politicke and Morall. 1608. Essayes Morall and
Theologicall. 1609, 1629, etc.
Stephens, John. Satyricall Essayes. 1615.
A Discourse against flattery. 1620.
Brathwaite, Richard. Essaies upon the five Senses. 1620. Rptd 1635; 1815.
Horae Subsecivae. Observations and Discourses. 1620. (See N. & Q. Ser. x,
vol. XII, nos. 293 and 296 for attempt to father the essays on Bacon.
Generally attributed to lord Chandos or Gilbert Cavendish. See Brydges,
Sir 8. E. , Censura literaria, 2nd ed. , 1815. )
Mason, William. A handfull of Essaies or Imperfect Offers. 1621.
Bacon, Francis. Essays. 1597-1625. For the development of the essays and
the addition of new ones in the different editions, for reprints of the
Religious Meditations and Places of perswasion and disswasion, see
Arber, E. , A Harmony of the Essays, etc. , 1895. (Among other modern
commentators and editors may be mentioned: Abbott, E. A. , 1885 (attempt
to trace influence of B.
's scientific research on the Essays); Spedding, J. ,
Ellis, R. L. , Heath, D. D. , 1857 (highly appreciative); West, A. S. , 1897;
Whateley, R. , 6th ed. , 1864; Wright, W. Aldis, 1862 ff.
Felltham, Owen. Resolves. n. d. (1620 ? ). First complete ed. 1628. Rptd
1631, etc. See also, Retrospective Review, vol. x, 343-355.
Peacham, H. (the younger). The Truth of our Times. Revealed out of one
Man's Experience by way of Essay. 1638.
Jonson, Ben. Timber; or Discoveries made upon Men and Matter as they
have flowed out of his daily readings; or had their refluxe to his peculiar
Notion of the Times. (Published posthumously in vol. 11 of fol. ed.
1640-1. Among modern editors and commentators are: Castelain, M.
Discoveries, a critical edition, with an introduction and notes on the
true purport and genesis of the book, 1906 (contends that Timber was
extra title added by publisher: suggests that Discoveries was a note-book
begun after the burning of B. J. 's library, 1623, and that some, at least,
of the notes were destined to be put into verse; Castelain was the first
thoroughly to investigate the extent of B. J. 's indebtedness to other
writers); Ben Jonson. L'homme et l'oeuvre. 1572-1637, 1907 (in chap. III
constructs character and habit of thought of the writer out of Dis-
coveries); Gifford, W. , Works of Ben Jonson, 1816, re-ed. Cunningham,
F. , 1875; Schelling, F. E. , Timber; or Discoveries made upon Men
and Matter, Boston, 1892 (intro. contains careful analysis of Jonson's
style); Spingarn, J. E. , The sources of Jonson's Discoveries, 1905
(traces some thoughts to Heinsius, de Tragoediae constitutione, 1611,
and Jacobus Pontanus, Poeticarum Institutionum Libri 111, 1594);
Swinburne, A. C. , A study of Ben Jonson, 1889; Whalley, P. , Jonson's
Works, 1756 (first pointed out the fact, admitted in sub-title of
Discoveries, that the book was not original). )
9
## p. 525 (#547) ############################################
Chapter XVI
525
8
(Cf. Littleboy, A. L. , Relations between French and English Literature in
the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, 1895; Maiberger, M. , Studien über
d. Einfluss Frankreichs auf d. Elizabethan Literatur, 1903; Upham, A. H. ,
French Influence in English Literature, 1908. )
TREATISES AND DISSERTATIONS AKIN TO THE Essay.
(The development of the Baconian essay was retarded by the age's love of
more formal literature, especially of dialogues, which covers almost exactly
the same ground as the Jacobean essayists, with the added attractions of
style, and influenced Addison and his circle no less than Cornwallis, R. Johnson,
Bacon, Felltham, etc. )
The Booke of Honor and Armess Wherein is discoursed the causes of Quarrell,
and the nature of Injuries, with their repulses. Also the Meanes of
satisfaction and pacification. 1590.
Brathwaite, Richard. The English Gentleman. 1630, 1641, 1652. The English
Gentlewoman. 1631,1641. Art asleepe Husband ? 1640. (Prose. Bolster
lectures on moral themes and a novelette. )
The Schollers Medley. Rptd 1638 as A Survey of History, or a Nursery
for Gentry, and in 1651.
Breton, Nicholas. [See D. of N. B. for fuller bibliography. ]
Wits Trenchmour, in a Conference betwixt a Scholler and an Angler.
1597. (A trenchmour (i. e. riotous dance) of repartees, similes and
reflections beginning as a dialogue on angling and developing into
tales and discourses delivered by a scholar. )
The Wil of wit, Wits Wil, or Wils Wit, chuse you whether. 1599.
Rptd 1606; 1860, Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O.
The Figure of Foure. Registered 1597 and 1607. Only The Second
Part of ed. 1636 (rptd 1654) exists. (Proverbial utterances, each describing
four things united under some common similarity. )
Wonders Worth the Hearing which being read or heard in a Winters
evening by a good fire, or a Summers morning . . . may serve both to
pnrge melancholy from the minde, and grosse humours from the body.
1602.
A Poste with a Packet of Mad Letters. 1603, 1609, 1637. (Letters
mostly addressed to typical figures. It should be remembered that
letter-writing had already become an art under the influence of Cicero,
Seneca and Guevara. Angell Day's English Secretary (1586), had been
followed by many other manuals of letter-writing. J. Hall had published
Six Decads of Epistles (1607-10), and the letters of J. L. Guez de Balzac
had been translated by W. T[yrwhit] and R. B. (Sir R. Baker ? ). )
Strange Newes out of divers countries. 1622. (Facetious satire against
society under the guise of news. ) Cf. Overbury's Newes. .
The Court and Country, or, a Briefe Discourse betweene the Courtier
and Country-man. 1618.
Fantasticks: serving for a perpetual Prognostication. 1626.
Bryskett, Ludowick. Discourse of Civil Life. 1606. (Composed 1584-9;
dialogue on moral philosophy in which Spenser takes part. )
Munday, Anthony. The Mirrour of Mutabilitie: or principal Part of the
Mirrour of Magistrates. 1579.
The Paine of Pleasure, profitable to be perused of the Wise, and
necessary to be by the Wanton. 1580.
The Defence of Contraries. Translated out of French. 1593.
Peacham, Henry (the elder). The Garden of Eloquence, conteyning the
Figures of Grammar and Rhetorick, from whence may bee gathered all
manner of Flowers, Coulors . . . Formes and Fashions of speech. 1577.
8
## p. 526 (#548) ############################################
526
Bibliography
Peacham, Henry (the younger). (See, also, under English Essays. ) The
(
Art of Drawing with the Pen, and limming in water colours . . . with the
true manner of painting upon glasse, the order of making your furnace. . . .
1606. Rptd 1612 as Graphice, etc. The Compleat Gentleman, fashioning
him absolute in the most necessary and commendable qualities concerning
Minde or Bodie. . . . 1622. Rptd 1634; 1661; 1906, intro. by Gordon, G. S.
Tudor and Stuart Lib. (Peacham treats of the details of a nobleman's
education. Criticises flogging in schools, strongly recommends travel
and insists on the study of heraldry. ) The Worth of a Peny: or a caution
to keep money. With the causes of the scarcity and misery of the want
hereof in these hard and mercilesse times. 1647 (misprint for 1641 ? ),
etc. Rptd 1903, in Arber's English Garner.
Powell, Thomas. Tom of All Trades or The Plaine Path-way to Preferment.
1631. Rptd 1876, Furnivall, F. J. , New Shakspr. Soc.
Cf. Ducci, L. , Ars Aulica, trans. Blount,'E. , 1607; de Refuge, E. , Traité
des Cours, 1617, trans. Reynolds, J. , 1642; Faret, N. , Des Vertus néces-
saires à un prince, 1623; L'Honnête Homme ou l'art de plaire, 1630.
Rich, Barnabe. Opinion Diefied. Discovering the Ingins, Traps and Traynes
that are set in this age, whereby to catch opinion. 1613. The Honestie
of this Age, proving by good circumstance that the world was never
honest till now. 1614 ff. (Rptd 1844, Cunningham, P. , Percy Soc. ) The
Irish Hubbub, or the English Hue and Crie. 1617. (General denunciation
of society.
present work.
Works to be consulted :
Baldwin, C. S. Modern Language Association of America, June 1904.
Cross, W. L. Development of the English Novel. 1899.
Greenough, C. N. Studies in the Development of Character-writing in
England. Harvard, 1898. Larger work in preparation,
Halliwell, J. O. Books of Characters. Illustrating habits and manners of
Englishmen, from the reign of James 1st to the Restoration, 1857.
Confused Characters. 1860.
Lee, E. Selections from La Bruyère and Vauvenargues. 1902.
Raleigh, W. A. The English Novel. 1891.
Seccombe, T. and Allen, J. W. Age of Shakespeare. Vol. 1, bk. 11, § 4.
I
Whibley, C. , in Blackwood's Magazine, June, 1909.
English character writing should be distinguished from French portraits,
which may have been imitated from Holland or copied from the famous
relazioni in which the Venetian ambassadors depicted the most important
personalities of the court to which they might be attached; see M. de
Boislisle Ann. -Bulletin de la Soc. de l'Hist. de France, t. XXXIII, 1896.
The French portrait consists in a description of the physiognomy, complexion,
figure, appearance and mannerisms of an individual designated under a
pseudonym. This art was cultivated in the salons which flourished during the
a
## p. 523 (#545) ############################################
Chapter XVI
523
first half of the 16th cent. , in such romances as Le Grand Cyrus and Clélie and
in the collection of portraits made under the auspices of Mlle de Montpensier.
After the appearance of Charles Sorel's Description de l'isle de Portraiture,
1659, the art, as a social amusement, began to decay, but reached its consum-
mation in the memoir-writers, especially Saint Simon, and started on a new
stage of development in La Bruyère. Owing to the absence of salons in
England, this style of writing has remained undeveloped, though there are
a few striking exceptions, such as Philautus's description to Psellus of the
Gentlewoman in Euphues and his England (p. 340 of Arber's ed. ), Nashe's
portrait of Harvey in Have with you, the pictures of low-class passengers
in the Cobler of Canterburie and Westward for Smelts, the portrait of
Colonel Hutchinson by his wife and the historical portraiture of the second
half of the 17th cent. On the other hand, the cultivation of portraits, maxims,
etc. , have left French 17th cent. literature poor in character sketches of the
English type, Le Moine's Peintures Morales, 1643, being the nearest parallel
in this period. It should also be noted that the same influence which favoured
the portrait and starved the generic character also hindered the development
of the discursive essay, in spite of Montaigne's example, bat encouraged the
maxime and the pensée, i. e. condensed and aphoristic reflections, of which
the most accomplished master was La Rochefoucauld.
See Cousin, V. , La Société française au XVII Siècle, 1854-1869; Fournel, V. ,
La litt. indépendante et les écrivains oubliés au XVII siècle; Franz, A. , Das
literarische Porträt in Frankreich im Zeitalter Richelieus und Mazarins, 1906;
Lee, E. , Intro. to selections from La Bruyère and Vauvenargues, 1903; Petit
de Julleville, Hist. de la langue et de la litt. francaise, 1897, vol. iv, chap. II;
Sainte-Beuve, Portraits de Femmes, 1840, Causeries du Lundi, 1853, vols. XI,
XIV, Nouveaux Lundis, 1863, vols. V, X.
ESSAY.
Sources:
Epictetus. Dissertationes. Text. Shenkl, H. 1898. Trans. Healey, John. 1610.
Plutarch's Moralia. Bernardakis. 1888-96. Trans. Holland, P. 1603. Vitae
Parallelae. Trans. North, T. 1579.
Lucius Annaeus Seneca (not the dramatist). Dialogi; De Beneficiis; Epis-
tolae morales. Text. Haase, F. 1853. Trans. Lodge, Thomas: The
Workes, both Morrall and Natural, of Lucius Annaeus Seneca. 1614.
Montaigne. First appearance of essays, 1580. Revises and expands his work
and adds a third book, 1588. Early trans. by Florio, John, 1603, 2nd ed.
1613.
See Becker, P. A. , Montaignes geistige Entwicklung in Deutsche
Literaturzeitung, 4 Sept. 1909; Bond, R. W. , Montaigne, 1907; Dieckow,
F. A. F. , John Florio's englishe Übersetzung der Essais Montaigne's
und Lord Bacon's, Ben Jonson's und Robert Burton's Verbältnis zu
Montaigne, 1903; Dowden, E. , Montaigne, 1907; Texte, J. , Études de
Litt. Européenne, 1898; Villey, P. , Les sources et l'évolution des Essais
de Montaigne, 1908.
Anticipations in English Literature.
Caxton's prefaces (ante, vol. II1, chap. XIV). Jest-books (especially Merrie
Tales and quicke answers, ibid. chap. v). Andrew Boorde, William Bullein
(ibid. ). Disquisitions on Women (especially the Scholehouse for Women).
Lord Burghley, Precepts or Directions for the well ordering and carriage of
a man's life (printed 1637, though composed in 16th cent. See Peck's Desi-
derata Curiosa, and Kippis's ed. of Biographia Britannica. )
## p. 524 (#546) ############################################
524
Bibliography
.
English Essays.
Remedies against Discontentment, drawen into severall Discourses from the
writinges of auncient Philosophers. 1596. (See Arber, E. , A Harmony
of the Essays, etc. , 1895, Prologue, pp. ix and x. )
Greeneham. Diverse sermons and tracts uppon severall textes. 1599.
Essayes by Sir William Corne-waleys. 1600, etc. Essayes of certaine Para.
doxes. 1616. Essayes. Newlie corrected. Discourses upon Seneca the
tragedian. 1632.
Johnson, Robert. Essaies or Rather Imperfect Offers. 1601, etc.
J. , H. The Mirrour of Worldly fame. 1603. Rptd Harl. Misc. 1808, 11, 515.
Anon. Essays of conjecture. 1607.
T[uvill), D[avid). Essaies Politicke and Morall. 1608. Essayes Morall and
Theologicall. 1609, 1629, etc.
Stephens, John. Satyricall Essayes. 1615.
A Discourse against flattery. 1620.
Brathwaite, Richard. Essaies upon the five Senses. 1620. Rptd 1635; 1815.
Horae Subsecivae. Observations and Discourses. 1620. (See N. & Q. Ser. x,
vol. XII, nos. 293 and 296 for attempt to father the essays on Bacon.
Generally attributed to lord Chandos or Gilbert Cavendish. See Brydges,
Sir 8. E. , Censura literaria, 2nd ed. , 1815. )
Mason, William. A handfull of Essaies or Imperfect Offers. 1621.
Bacon, Francis. Essays. 1597-1625. For the development of the essays and
the addition of new ones in the different editions, for reprints of the
Religious Meditations and Places of perswasion and disswasion, see
Arber, E. , A Harmony of the Essays, etc. , 1895. (Among other modern
commentators and editors may be mentioned: Abbott, E. A. , 1885 (attempt
to trace influence of B.
's scientific research on the Essays); Spedding, J. ,
Ellis, R. L. , Heath, D. D. , 1857 (highly appreciative); West, A. S. , 1897;
Whateley, R. , 6th ed. , 1864; Wright, W. Aldis, 1862 ff.
Felltham, Owen. Resolves. n. d. (1620 ? ). First complete ed. 1628. Rptd
1631, etc. See also, Retrospective Review, vol. x, 343-355.
Peacham, H. (the younger). The Truth of our Times. Revealed out of one
Man's Experience by way of Essay. 1638.
Jonson, Ben. Timber; or Discoveries made upon Men and Matter as they
have flowed out of his daily readings; or had their refluxe to his peculiar
Notion of the Times. (Published posthumously in vol. 11 of fol. ed.
1640-1. Among modern editors and commentators are: Castelain, M.
Discoveries, a critical edition, with an introduction and notes on the
true purport and genesis of the book, 1906 (contends that Timber was
extra title added by publisher: suggests that Discoveries was a note-book
begun after the burning of B. J. 's library, 1623, and that some, at least,
of the notes were destined to be put into verse; Castelain was the first
thoroughly to investigate the extent of B. J. 's indebtedness to other
writers); Ben Jonson. L'homme et l'oeuvre. 1572-1637, 1907 (in chap. III
constructs character and habit of thought of the writer out of Dis-
coveries); Gifford, W. , Works of Ben Jonson, 1816, re-ed. Cunningham,
F. , 1875; Schelling, F. E. , Timber; or Discoveries made upon Men
and Matter, Boston, 1892 (intro. contains careful analysis of Jonson's
style); Spingarn, J. E. , The sources of Jonson's Discoveries, 1905
(traces some thoughts to Heinsius, de Tragoediae constitutione, 1611,
and Jacobus Pontanus, Poeticarum Institutionum Libri 111, 1594);
Swinburne, A. C. , A study of Ben Jonson, 1889; Whalley, P. , Jonson's
Works, 1756 (first pointed out the fact, admitted in sub-title of
Discoveries, that the book was not original). )
9
## p. 525 (#547) ############################################
Chapter XVI
525
8
(Cf. Littleboy, A. L. , Relations between French and English Literature in
the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, 1895; Maiberger, M. , Studien über
d. Einfluss Frankreichs auf d. Elizabethan Literatur, 1903; Upham, A. H. ,
French Influence in English Literature, 1908. )
TREATISES AND DISSERTATIONS AKIN TO THE Essay.
(The development of the Baconian essay was retarded by the age's love of
more formal literature, especially of dialogues, which covers almost exactly
the same ground as the Jacobean essayists, with the added attractions of
style, and influenced Addison and his circle no less than Cornwallis, R. Johnson,
Bacon, Felltham, etc. )
The Booke of Honor and Armess Wherein is discoursed the causes of Quarrell,
and the nature of Injuries, with their repulses. Also the Meanes of
satisfaction and pacification. 1590.
Brathwaite, Richard. The English Gentleman. 1630, 1641, 1652. The English
Gentlewoman. 1631,1641. Art asleepe Husband ? 1640. (Prose. Bolster
lectures on moral themes and a novelette. )
The Schollers Medley. Rptd 1638 as A Survey of History, or a Nursery
for Gentry, and in 1651.
Breton, Nicholas. [See D. of N. B. for fuller bibliography. ]
Wits Trenchmour, in a Conference betwixt a Scholler and an Angler.
1597. (A trenchmour (i. e. riotous dance) of repartees, similes and
reflections beginning as a dialogue on angling and developing into
tales and discourses delivered by a scholar. )
The Wil of wit, Wits Wil, or Wils Wit, chuse you whether. 1599.
Rptd 1606; 1860, Halliwell-Phillipps, J. O.
The Figure of Foure. Registered 1597 and 1607. Only The Second
Part of ed. 1636 (rptd 1654) exists. (Proverbial utterances, each describing
four things united under some common similarity. )
Wonders Worth the Hearing which being read or heard in a Winters
evening by a good fire, or a Summers morning . . . may serve both to
pnrge melancholy from the minde, and grosse humours from the body.
1602.
A Poste with a Packet of Mad Letters. 1603, 1609, 1637. (Letters
mostly addressed to typical figures. It should be remembered that
letter-writing had already become an art under the influence of Cicero,
Seneca and Guevara. Angell Day's English Secretary (1586), had been
followed by many other manuals of letter-writing. J. Hall had published
Six Decads of Epistles (1607-10), and the letters of J. L. Guez de Balzac
had been translated by W. T[yrwhit] and R. B. (Sir R. Baker ? ). )
Strange Newes out of divers countries. 1622. (Facetious satire against
society under the guise of news. ) Cf. Overbury's Newes. .
The Court and Country, or, a Briefe Discourse betweene the Courtier
and Country-man. 1618.
Fantasticks: serving for a perpetual Prognostication. 1626.
Bryskett, Ludowick. Discourse of Civil Life. 1606. (Composed 1584-9;
dialogue on moral philosophy in which Spenser takes part. )
Munday, Anthony. The Mirrour of Mutabilitie: or principal Part of the
Mirrour of Magistrates. 1579.
The Paine of Pleasure, profitable to be perused of the Wise, and
necessary to be by the Wanton. 1580.
The Defence of Contraries. Translated out of French. 1593.
Peacham, Henry (the elder). The Garden of Eloquence, conteyning the
Figures of Grammar and Rhetorick, from whence may bee gathered all
manner of Flowers, Coulors . . . Formes and Fashions of speech. 1577.
8
## p. 526 (#548) ############################################
526
Bibliography
Peacham, Henry (the younger). (See, also, under English Essays. ) The
(
Art of Drawing with the Pen, and limming in water colours . . . with the
true manner of painting upon glasse, the order of making your furnace. . . .
1606. Rptd 1612 as Graphice, etc. The Compleat Gentleman, fashioning
him absolute in the most necessary and commendable qualities concerning
Minde or Bodie. . . . 1622. Rptd 1634; 1661; 1906, intro. by Gordon, G. S.
Tudor and Stuart Lib. (Peacham treats of the details of a nobleman's
education. Criticises flogging in schools, strongly recommends travel
and insists on the study of heraldry. ) The Worth of a Peny: or a caution
to keep money. With the causes of the scarcity and misery of the want
hereof in these hard and mercilesse times. 1647 (misprint for 1641 ? ),
etc. Rptd 1903, in Arber's English Garner.
Powell, Thomas. Tom of All Trades or The Plaine Path-way to Preferment.
1631. Rptd 1876, Furnivall, F. J. , New Shakspr. Soc.
Cf. Ducci, L. , Ars Aulica, trans. Blount,'E. , 1607; de Refuge, E. , Traité
des Cours, 1617, trans. Reynolds, J. , 1642; Faret, N. , Des Vertus néces-
saires à un prince, 1623; L'Honnête Homme ou l'art de plaire, 1630.
Rich, Barnabe. Opinion Diefied. Discovering the Ingins, Traps and Traynes
that are set in this age, whereby to catch opinion. 1613. The Honestie
of this Age, proving by good circumstance that the world was never
honest till now. 1614 ff. (Rptd 1844, Cunningham, P. , Percy Soc. ) The
Irish Hubbub, or the English Hue and Crie. 1617. (General denunciation
of society.
