No More Learning

Oxfordshire, archaeological discoveries in,
388; and the West Saxons, 390
Oxus, River, Ephthalite horde in the basin
of, 328; type of nomads near, 353
Pacatus, cited, 242
Pachomius, St, founder of monachism in
Upper Egypt, 522 ; early life, 523; call,
ib. ; life in first monastery of, described,
524 sq. ; advantages of system of, 525;
St Benedict adapts system of, 525, 528;
nunneries founded by, 530; his Rule
translated by Jerome, 535
Padua, Venice founded by fugitives from,
417 note
Paemani, Teutonic tribe, 188
Paeonia, Macedonia opposes Rome in,
191


## p. 737 (#767) ############################################

Index
737
Palaemon, hermit, teacher of Pachomius,
523
Palaeologus, Michael. See Michael
Palatine Hill, buildings on the, 598; mosaic
in the palace on, 612
Palestine, council of bishops of, 164; con-
stant climate of, 326; rebellion of Count
Plintha in, 463 ; crusade against Origen-
ism in, 490; bishops of, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508; insurrection in, 512;
monastic life in, 526, 529; nuns in, 531
Palestine III, Roman province, Amru 'l Kais
in, 472
Palestine, Duke of, defeats and kills Justasa,
474
Palladius, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus, his
description of the monks of Nitria, cited,
522 sq. ; life in Pachomian monastery
described, 524; 525; Lausiac History
of, 526, 528; cited, 530
Palladius, envoy to Leptis, 227; treachery
and suicide of, 228
Pamir Mts, 323; cattle-breeding in, 331 ;
340
Pamphilus, at Caesarea, 175
Pamphylia, 458
Pamprepius, philosopher, aids Illus, 113,
476 sqq. ; made quaestor, 476; put to
death, 479
Pancratius, ambassador from Leptis, 227 ;
death of, 228
Pannonia, Constantine in, 7; Goths settled
in, 20, 31; 56; occupied by Magnentius,
60; (Secunda), 64; Teutons traverse,
192 ; Boii reach, 195 ; overrun by bar-
barians, 199, 207, 213, 253; Valentinian
a native of, 218; misgovernment in, 227 ;
raid of Quadi in, 229 ; 234; devastated
by Goths, 237 ; 242; 252; colonies of
Ostrogoths in, 254 ; Alani migrate from,
264 ; 270; Ataulf leaves, 271; Franks
said to have come from, 293; Huns in,
360, 417; 429; taken by Theodoric,
451 ; Amal family in, 468; slave trade
in, 548
Panopolis (Akhmim), Nestorius takes refuge
at, 502 ; monasteries near, 524 ; nunnery
near, 530
Panormus, besieged by Gaiseric, 412
Pap, prince of Armenia, seeks protection of
the Romans, 225; is restored, 226; im.
prisoned, 231 ; killed, ib.
Paphlagonia, 527
Papinian (Aemilius Papinianus), jurist, 35 ;
Papirius, robber, 470
Paris (Lutetia), Julian winters in, 69 sq. ,
Passarovitz. See Margus
Patriciolus, general, defeats Persians, 482 ;
485
Patricius, son of Aspar, made Caesar, 470;
marries Leontia, ib. ; fall, 471
Patricius, magister militum in praesenti,
and the Persian War, 482 ; attempts to
appease the mob, 485; confers with
Vitalianus, ib.
Patricius, magister officiorum, candidate for
the throne, 473; put to death, ib.
Patricius, proclaimed king by the Jews, 63
Patrick, St, and the Irish Church, 533
Patzinaks, the, 349, 355, 357
Paul, St, and the early Church, 144 ;
Epistles of, cited, 144, 148, 150, 177,
521 ; commentators on, 155, 156; and
the Roman Church, 171 sqq. ; supposed
disciples of, 578; and the chronology of
the Bible, 583 ; 585, 592
Paul of Samosata, Bishop of Antioch, 13,
120, 180
Paul, slave of Zeno, attempts to assassinate
Illus, 475
Paul the notary, put to death, 78; 97
Paula, Roman lady, monasteries founded
by, 526; punneries founded by, 531 ;
friend of Jerome, 596
Paulianists, the, 179
Paulinus, Bishop of Antioch, 136
Paulinus, Bishop of Trier, exiled, 130
Paulinus of Pella, imperial procurator to
Attalus, 403
Paulinus, official, beheaded, 466
Paulus, brother of Orestes, killed at Ravenna,
430, 432, 434
Paulus, general, opposes the Goths, 283
Paulus Diaconus, cited, 358, 438, 447
Pautalia in Dardania, district offered to
Theodoric, 476
Pavia (Ticinum), Stilicho at, 265, 268;
Honorius at, 269; sacked by Huns, 417;
sacked Orestes and Odovacar succes-
sively, 434; Theodoric besieged in, 439;
monastery founded at, 532
Pavia (Ticinum), Bishops of. See Ennodius,
Epiphanius, Severus
Peak (Yorkshire), Roman fort built at, 379
Pegasius, Bishop, becomes a pagan, 110
Pelagians, condemned by Council of Ephe-
Pelagius, heretic, 498, 586
Pelagius, praetorian praefect, 436
Peloponnesus, the, overrun by Goths, 261,
457; attacked by Vandals, 310, 426
Peneus, River, Goths checked in valley of,
260, 456
Pentadius, sent as ambassador by Julian, 74
Pentapolis, 171 ; the Henoticon sent to, 516
Pergamum, 64
Perinthus, 17 sq. , 141; Goths threaten
251
Perkunia. See Fergunna
Perseus, last king of Macedonia, and the
Bastarnae, 191
sus, 501
;
89
attack on,
72 sqq. , 134; 209; Valentinian at, 222 sq. ;
Maximus at, 238; Vandals at, 266
Parnasus in Cappadocia, birthplace of
parent of Ulfila, 212
Parthenius, chamberlain to Domitian, 29
Parthians, the, 25
Paschasinus, Bishop, legate of Pope Leo at
Council of Chalcedon, 508
C. MED. H. VOL. I.
47


## p. 738 (#768) ############################################

738
Index
.
Persia, raises an “ Eastern Question," 22
sq. ; goes to war with Rome, 56 sq. , 62,
71; reopens war, 72; 78 sqq. ; attacked
by Julian, 81 sqq. ; treaty of Jovian with,
85; worship of Mithras in, 90 ; pagan
philosophers flee to, 114; 219; renews
war against Valens, 225 sq. ; negotiates,
231 ; Sapor III succeeds in, 238; annexes
part of Armenia, 240; prehistoric in-
habitants of, 329; greyhounds of, 340 ;
in the nineteenth century, 348; devas-
tated by Chinghiz Khan, 350; 361; Illus
applies for help to, 436; at war with
Rome, 464, 466; Marcian maintains peace
with, 468; invaded by Saragurs, 469;
defeated by Ephthalites, 478; and subject
tribes, 481 ; Hypatius ambassador in,
486 ; condition of Christians in, 519
Persia, Bishop of. See John the Persian
Persians, the, 18, 25, 57 sq. , 72, 74, 82; at
Ctesiphon, 83; at Maranga, 84 ; harass
Jovian, 85 ; 98, 201 ; form an alliance
with Euric, 284 ; 295; invade borders of
the Empire, 306; make peace with the
Romans, 315; hatred of the Altaians for,
343; and the Tartars, 347; allied with
Huns, 363; defeated by Romans, make
peace, 464; assist Illus, 478; take Amida,
481; 482; at the fort at Dara, 483; 514
Perthshire, Agricola advances into, 368
Pescennius Niger, usurper, 17
Pessinus, visited by Julian, 79 ; 80; temple
of Cybele at, 110
Peter, St, regarded as founder of Roman
Church, 171 sqq. , 505, 507 ; 608
Peter, Bishop of Alexandria, 140, 166
Peter, Bishop of Altinum, presides at trial
of Symmachus, 449
Peter, Bishop of Ravenna, forbids perse-
cution of the Jews, 453
Peter the Fuller, Bishop of Antioch, in-
trudes into see, 514 ; twice expelled, ib. ;
recalled, 515
Peter Mongus, Bishop of Alexandria, suc.
cession to see disputed, 516 ; influence
over Acacius of Constantinople, ib. ; and
the Henoticon, 517; excommunicated by
Simplicius, ib.
Peter of Zittau, chronicler, cited, 351
Petra in Arabia, Nestorius banished to,
502
Petronius, father-in-law of Valens, unpopu.
larity of, 220
Pettau. See Poetovio
Petulantes, the, summoned from Gaul, 72 sq.
Peucini, 205
Peutinger's chart, cited, 295
Pevensey (Anderida), fort repaired at, 379
Pfeffinger, Dr, 93
Pforzheim, possible route of Valentinian by,
224
Pharamond, son of Marcomir, legendary
king of the Franks, 293, 295
Pharrantsem, Queen of Armenia, captured
and slain by Sapor, 225
Philip, King of Macedonia, 17; negotiates
with Bastarnae, 190 sq.
Philippi, 16; early Church at, 144 ; Goths
at, 471
Philippopolis, Julian passes through, 77;
Eastern bishops withdraw to, 130; Council
of, 166; taken by Goths, 204 ; surrenders
to Aequitius, 221; Valens at, 250 ; 251 ;
taken by Huns, 363
Philippus, envoy of Constantius, 61
Philo the Jew, theories of, 118, 496
Philomelium, church of, 164
Philostratus, 89
Phisonites, customs of, 349
Phocas, refuses to accept Christianity, 113
Phoenicia, 88
Pholoe, plateau of, 262; Stilicho blockades
the oths at, 458
Phronemius, in command at Constanti.
nople, 220
Phrygia, church of, 164; march of Valens
into, 221; rebellion of Tribigild in, 262,
458; ancestors of the Franks driven
from, 293 ; 459
Piacenza, letter to a deacon of, cited, 161;
Ricimer defeats Avitus near, 422; Orestes
put to death at, 430
Picardy, early monasteries in, 534
Picenum, Goths at, 270, 273; 446
Picts, the, 58; oppose the Romans, 73;
defeated by Maximus, 238, 383 note;
driven out by Constans, 378
Pincian Hill, the, 448
Piraeus, the, seized by Alaric, 261
Piroz, King of Persia, and Leo I, 469
Pisidia, Tribigild's march through, 458
Pispir, St Anthony at, 522
Pithyusae, ceded to the Vandals, 311
Pitt-Rivers, General, excavations made by,
376
Pityus, sacked by Borani, 204 ; Chrysostom
at, 493
Placentia, Goths at, 270
Placidia, Galla, sister of Honorius, 270; de-
tained by Alaric, 273; marries Ataulf, 274,
277, 398 sqq. ; ill-treated by Sigerich, 278,
404; pious influence of, 396; historic
importance of, 397 sq. ; restored to
Rome, 404; married to Constantius, ib. ;
entitled Augusta, 405, 465; influence
over Honorius, 406; banished to Con-
stantinople, ib. ; 408; recalls Boniface,
409; and Aëtius, 411, 418; death, 418;
harmful education of Valentinian III,
419; returns to Italy, 465; and Pope
Leo, 506 ; mausoleum of, 610
Placidia, daughter of Valentinian III,
carried captive to Carthage, 308 sq. ;
421, 468; released, 310, 424, 468; 418;
marries Olybrius, 424
Placidus, St, 541
Plato, 93, 98, 100; Academy of, 114 ; 578
Plato, praefect of Constantinople, 484 ;
hostility of the mob to, 485
Plautianus, minister of Severus, 31


## p. 739 (#769) ############################################

Index
739
Plintha, Count, rebellion of, 463
Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Seoundus),
cited, 543, 593
Pliny the Younger (C. Plinius Caecilius
Secundus), correspondence with Trajan,
cited, 24 sq. , 551, 553 sq.
Plotinus, philosopher, 89, 94; and Neo-
platonism, 568; Enneads of, 572; and
daemon worship, 574; disciples of, 578
sq.
Plutarch, 575, 579
Pluto, Julian revives worship of, 107
Po, River, 61; Kelts in plains near, 186;
193 ; Aleman captives settled near, 224;
Alaric crosses, 270
Poemen, hermit, 160
Poetovio (Pettau), 60, 63; victory of
Theodosius at, 243, 256
Poitiers, Clovis at, 286 ; monastery at, 534
Poitiers, Bishops of. See Hilary, Venantius
Pola, 63
Poles, the, 357
Pollentia, battle of, 265, 460
Pollux. See Castor and Pollux
Polybius, historian, cited, 190
Polybius of Tralles, letter of Ignatius to,
146
Polycarp, St, 148; martyrdom of, 164
Pomerania, Teutons in, 187 ; 198
Pompeii, 374; wall-paintings of, 598;
musaic found at, 612
Pompeius, nephew of Anastasius, defeated,
483 ; his house burnt by the mob, 485
Pompey (Cn. Pompeius Magnus), 191, 410 ;
restoration of theatre of, 448
Pons Aelius. See Newcastle-on-Tyne
Pontes. See Staines
Pontus, 22 ; awarded to Constantius II, 56,
121, 136; and the question of Meletius,
141 ; 154 ; council of bishops of, 164;
slave-markets of, 348; Tzani raids in,
481; Chrysostom in, 493; bishops of, at
Council of Chalcedon, 508 ; 527
Porphyry, philosopher, 89, 94; and dae-
monological rites, 574
Porta Portuensis of Rome, Pope Leo I
meets Gaiseric at, 308
Portugal, Kelts in, 186. See also Lusitania
Portus, harbour seized by Alaric, 272;
Gaiseric lands at, 308; Glycerius captured
at, 429
Possidius, biographer of St Augustine, cited,
153
Praeses of the Thebaid, the, and Nestorius,
Praetextatus, Vettius Agarius, leader of
pagan party at Rome, 93, 110; promoted
by Valentinian II, 240; described in the
Saturnalia, 571; and treatment of slaves,
592 ; 594
Praetorian Guard, the, falls at Saxa Rubra,
4
Pranci, 295
Priam, King of Troy, and the Franks, 293
Priarius, barbarian king, slain, 234, 253
Pripet, River, 214
Priscilla, catacomb and cemetery of, 599 sq.
Priscus, Greek historian, cited, 297, 365,
395, 398; envoy to Attila, 363, 414 sqq.
Priscas, officer, takes prisoner Longinus of
Selinus, 480
Proba, Roman lady, introduces Christian
teaching into the Aeneid, 570
Probus, M. Aurelius, Emperor, drives
Germans out of Gaul, 202; and the Goths,
204, 206 sq. ; 210
Probus, praetorian praefect, fails to drive
back the barbarians, 229
Proclus, Bishop of Constantinople, 504
Proclus, Bishop of Cyzicus, controversial
sermon of, 498
Proclus the Lycian, and Neoplatonism, 568;
and daemonological rites, 574
Procopius, kinsman and general of Julian,
81 sqq. ; conducts the funeral of Julian,
86; seizes Constantinople, 138; receives
help from Goths, 213; takes refuge in
the Crimea, 219; obtains support at
Constantinople, 220; is betrayed and
executed, 221; Valentinian and, 222 sq. ;
225, 235
Procopius of Caesarea, historian, 1, 113 ;
accompanies expedition against Vandals
in Africa, 315; 316; cited, 385, 398, 409,
419, 423, 438, 454
Procopius, father of Anthemius, defeats the
Persians, 464
Procopius, brother of Marcian, joins
Theodoric, 476
Proculus, Bishop of Marseilles, 383 note
Profuturus, Roman officer, 233
Prohaeresius of Athens, Christian teacher,
104
Promotus, Roman general, slaughters tribe
of barbarians, 242 sq. , 255; rescues
Theodosius, 258; death, ib. ; 456
Propontis. See Marmora
Proserpine, 91
Protasius, discovery of body of, 581
Proterius, Bishop of Alexandria, unpopu.
larity of, 512; murdered, 613
Protogenes, 190
Provence, Goths seize part of, 283 sq. ;
Theodoric's forces take, 452; beginnings
of monachism in, 534
Provertides, Roman officer, sent to Britain,
223
Prudentius, Spanish poet, writings of, 585
Prudentius, Roman citizen of Tripolis,
315
Prusa in Bithynia, Vetranio retires to, 60;
sacked by Goths, 204
Prussians, early settlements of the, 184
Pruth, River, 190
Pseudo-Caesarius of Nazianzus, cited, 349
Psyche, symbol of the soul, 598, 600
Ptolemais, Bishop of. See Synesius
Ptolemies, the, character of rule of, 489
Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolomaeus), cited, 197,
294, 383
502 sq.
47-2


## p. 740 (#770) ############################################

740
Index
Pulcheria, sister of Theodosius II, regency
of, 396, 462 sqq. ; influence of, 398 ;
made Augusta, 462; characteristics, ib. ;
arranged marriage of Theodosius, 463 sq. ;
decline in infuence of, 465; returns to
court, 466; appoints Marcian emperor,
467 ; marries Marcian, ib. ; death, 468;
and Nestorius, 495, 499, 502; and the
Patriarch Flavian, 504; and Pope Leo,
505 sqq. ; and the Council of Chalcedon,
507, 510 sq. ; 517
Pusaeus, praefect, conducts trialof Isocasius,
472
Pyrenees Mts, 59; Cimbri cross, 192 ;
Franks cross, 202; check the advance of
the Vandals, 266; Constantine the
usurper passes, 267, 400; Theodoric II
crosses, 281; boundary of Gothic kingdom,
283 ; defence of, neglected by Romans,
304; Majorian crosses, 309; Ataulf
crosses, 403
Pythagoras, 570
Pytheas, cited, 202 note
Quadi, Teutonic tribe, 20, 67, 71; in
Moravia, 195 sqq. ; invade Roman
provinces, 199; subdued, 200; 207;
invade Pannonia, 213; make a raid
across the Danube, 229; invade Italy,
265; invade Gaul, 266; 361
Quaestiones of Ambrosiaster, cited, 155
Querolus, anonymous work, 572
Quinisextine council in Trullo, Eastern
Canon Law settled at, 181
Quintilius (M. Aurelius Claudius), brother
of Claudius, 206
Quintinus, magister militum, commands
in Gaul, 243; falls into an ambush,
256
433; Odovacar occupies, 434 sq. ; Odova-
car besieged in, 439; murder of Odovacar
at, 440; Theodoric's court at, 441 sqq. ;
aqueducts restored, 448; persecution of
Jews at, 453 ; 454; monastery founded
at, 532; mausoleum of Galla Placidia
at, 610
Ravenna, Bishops of. See John, Peter
Ravenna Geographer, the, cited, 373
Reading Museum, model of the basilican
church of Silchester at, 613
Reccared, King of the Visigoths, conversion
of, 177
Rechiar, King of the Suebi, 279; conquests
of, 413 sq. ; death, 414
Recognitions of Clement, cited, 608
Red Sea, the, 472
Reggio (Rhegium), 167; Alario at, 274;
burnt, 399
Rekitach, son of Theodoric, chief of Thra.
cian Goths, assassinated, 477
Religion, desire for a universal, 11 ; struggle
of rival cults, 89. See Christianity,
Christians, Church, Isis, Mithras
Remigius, Roman official, and the people
of Leptis, 227 ; suicide of, 228
Rendsburg, scene of traditional combat,
384; bog-deposit near, 385
Respendial, King of the Alani, defeats the
Franks, 266
Restaces, Bishop of Armenia, at the Council
of Nicaea, 13
Return from Exile of Rutilius Namatianus,
575
Rhaetia, 31, 65 sq. , 71, 75, 198; overrun
by Germans, 199; 200 sq. ; Valentinian
secures defence of, 224; raid of Juthungi
in, 241; barbarians migrate to, 264;
265; campaign of Aëtius in, 410; Ale-
manni settled in, 451 ; 452
Rhaetians, and the Roman Empire, 544;
Latin language modified by, 545
Rhea, Julian revives worship of, 107
Rhegium. See Reggio
Rheims, army in Gaul assembles at, 66 sq. ;
Valentinian at, 224 ; Vandals slay the
bishop of, 266
Rheims, Bishop of. See Nicasius
Rhesaina, attacked by Persians, 464
Rbine, River (and frontier of), 3, 16, 19,
31, 66 sqq. ; recovered by Julian, 69;
becomes frontier of the Empire, 70,
202; Keltic names near, 186; and the
Kelts, 187 and note; and the Teutons,
188 ; 190; Germanic tribes cross the,
192, 194; preserved as frontier by Caesar,
195; Germanic settlements on the, 198;
Alemanni on the, 201, 207, 252 sq. ;
improved defences of, 208 sq. ; pirates
on, 223; 224, 231, 234 sq. ; Maximus
reaches, 238; 243, 253, 256 ; tribes on,
do homage, 260; contest of Franks and
Vandals on, 266, 393; Huns cross, 280,
416 ; Istaevones located on, 292; Franks
on, 293 sqq. ; 298; Roman garrisons
Rabbulas (Rabbula), Bishop of Edessa, and
the Nestorian controversy, 498 ; Cyrillian
principles of, 514; Admonitions for Monks
of, 526; rules of, 527 sq. , 531
Radagaisus, leader of the barbarians, in-
vades Italy, 265, 358; is captured and
executed, ib. ; 407
Ragnachar, chief of the Salian Franks,
reigns at Cambrai, 299
Rainas, Reinas, Rēnos, ancient names of
the Rhine, 186 note
Rando, prince of the Alemanni, 224
Ratae, See Leicester
Ratiaria, fort of, taken by Huns, 362
Rausimod, King of the Goths, defeated and
slain, 7, 211
Ravenna, Alemanni reach, 201; mutiny at,
268; death of Stilicho at, 269 ; 270 sq. ;
Honorius at, 272, 399, 401, 494 ; siege
of, 273; 275, 364; orthodoxy at court
of, 395 sq. ; Placidia and court of, 396 sq. ,
405 sq. ; usurpation of John at, 407;
Felix murdered at, 410; Glycerius made
emperor at, 428; Nepos flees to, 429 ;
Paulus killed at, 430 ; 431 ; Orestes at,


## p. 741 (#771) ############################################

Index
741
withdrawn from, 299; various Frankish
kingdoms on, 300; 361, 370; intercourse
with Colchester, 377; 379; 400 sqq. ;
Franks driven back across, 410; 411;
Alemanni on, 413
Rhodanius, Bishop of Toulouse, exiled, 131
Rhodes, Island, marauders driven from, 470
Rhodope, Mt, 16; Saturninus retreats to,
233
Rhone, River, 187; Teutons reach valley
of, 192; 195; 238, 267 ; military road
to, 277; boundary of Gothic kingdom,
283; Goths extend limits beyond river,
284
Rhydderch Hen, British king at Dumbarton,
391
Rialto, 417 note
Richborough (Rutupiae), Theodosius lands
at, 223; 370; communication with the
Continent through, 377
Richmond, Cook collection at, 601 sq.
Richomer, Roman officer, sent against the
Goths, 233 sq. , 250; against the Sara-
cens, 238; against Maximus, 243; friend
of Eugenius, 246, 258; brings news of
defeat at Hadrianople, 251
Ricimer, magister militum, defeats the
Vandals, 309, 422; causes deposition of
Majorian, 310, 424 ; 393 sq. ; Arianism
of, 395 ; 396 sq. ; patriciate of, 399; 419;
supported by German tribes, 420; descent,
422; character and policy, ib. ; defeats
Avitus, ib. ; made patricius, 423; makes
Severus emperor, 424; 425; marries
daughter of Anthemius, 426; revolt of,
427 sq. ; takes Rome, 428; makes Olybrius
emperor, ib. ; death, ib. ; review of work,
ib. ; 430, 433, 443; and Leo I, 470
Rimini (Ariminum), Council of bishops of
the West at, 126, 133, 166; Goths at,
270 sqq. ; fight between Boniface and
Aëtius at, 410; Theodorio seizes, 439
Ripa Gothica, the, assigned to Dalmatius,
55 ; passes to Constans, 56
Ripuarian Franks, early history of, 299;
contest with Alemanni, 300 ; absorption
of, ib. ; under Attila, 361, 364
Robber Council (Latrocinium). See Ephesus
Robur, fortress near Basel, 229
Rochester (Durobrivae), possibly site of
Romano-British town, 373
Rogaland, 185
Rogerius, Canon of Varad, cited, 359
Roman Empire. See Empire
Romans, the, 17 sq. , 25 sq. , 31, 58, 66; at
Ctesiphon, 83; in retreat, 85; early
Teutons known to, 183; oppose advance
of the Teutons, 192, 195 ; Marbod seeks
protection of, 196; take Noricum, 197;
drive back the barbarians, 199 sqq. ;
defeated by Goths, 204; fortify Rhine
frontier, 210; and Danubian frontier,
213; defeat the barbarians, 222, 224;
229; at war with Goths (377), 233, 250 sq. ;
victorious in Gothic war, 236 sq. , 253;
massacre the Goths, 252; treat with the
Goths, 254, 401 ; defeat Odothaeus, 255 ;
in Thessalonica, 257; at the battle of
Pollentia, 265; superseded in Spain, 268;
relations with the Teutons, 275 sqq. , 283;
defeated at Toulouse, 279; under Gothic
rule, 287, 289; injurious effects on Goths
of, 288; defeated by Clodion, 297 ; lose
southern Spain, 305 ; and the Vandals
in Africa, 306 sqq. ; 409; victorious at
Agrigentum, 309; under Vandalic rule
in Africa, 316 sqq. ; and the Huns,
362 sqq. ; 466 sq. ; at Attila's court,
365 sq. ; in Britain, 368 sqq. ; abandon
Britain, 379 sqq. ; 384; decrease of
population among, 393; ally themselves
with Teutons, 398; 399; attack Visi.
goths, 411; lose the provinces, 413 sq. ;
defeat Attila, 416; 417; disown Avitus,
422; and Theodoric the Great, 440 sq. ;
hold all offices under Theodoric, 442;
and taxation, 446; and corn-supply,
447; displease Theodoric, 453; 454; and
Persian war, 464, 466, 482; and Saragurs,
469; and the kings of Lazica, ib. ; 478;
malcontents join Isaurian revolt, 480;
and the Bulgarians, 483; 575; wealth
of, 594 sq.
Romanus, Count, and the citizens of Leptis,
227; infamy of, 228
Romanus, duke of Palestine, recovers Jotaba,
481
Roman Wall, of Antoninus Pius, built,
of Hadrian, built, 368; 369,
369;
377 sq.
Rome (the City), 1; Maxentius in, 4; Con-
stantine in, 15 sq. ; 27 sqq. , 32 sq. , 43,
49 sqq. , 56, 59; Constantius in, 67; as
seat of learning, 88; Oriental religions
at, 89; 97; a stronghold of paganism,
114; disendowment of pagan priesthood
at, 115 sq. ; 140; growing influence of
clergy in, 153; Christian churches in,
158; Polycarp at, 164; triumph of
M. Aurelius at, 200; Gratian and the
pagans of, 238; taken by Maximus, 243;
altar of victory restored at, 246; famine
threatens, 263; fortified against bar.
barians, 264; Alaric threatens, 265;
267 sq. ; besieged by Goths, 270 sq. ;
Alaric in, 272, 392 ; sack of, 273 sq. ,
365, 379; Frankish prince in, 297;
plundered by Vandals, 308, 421, 468;
364; 374 sq. ; Gregory sees the English
slaves at, 390; after the sack, 399; corn-
supply stopped, 402; supremacy of Aëtius
in, 410; 415; embassy to Attila sent
from, 417; Avitus at, 422; Majorian and
the ancient monuments of, 423; trial of
Arvandus at, 427; taken by Ricimer,
428; Nepos at, 429; 431, 433; formal
entry of Odovacar, 435; statues of Zeno
set up in, 436; 438; power of the Senate
in, 444; ancient buildings restored by
Theodoric, 448; spread of monasticism


## p. 742 (#772) ############################################

742
Index
in, 531; St Benedict in, 536; first Bene-
dictines in, 541; 545; food-supplies of,
551 sq. ; pagan worship in, 569; and
pagan education, 571; gladiatorial games
at, 594; charitable institutions in, 595;
art of, 598; catacombs of, 599 sq. ; ivories
carved in, 605; temples at, 608; early
Christian churches at, 611
Rome (the State), 18, 20, 24, 57, 72, 77 sq. ,
85; decay of pagan religions in, 87;
Eastern influence on, 89 sqq. ; 103,
108 sqq. ; fall of, 170; and Macedonia,
191; and Noricum, 197; 205, 217, 219,
224; reopens war with Persia, 225; pro-
tects Armenia, 226; negotiates with
Persia, 231; subjection of the Goths to,
236 sq. ; annexes part of Armenia, 240;
248; connexion with Gothic kingdom,
281 sq. ; Salian Franks assert their
independence of, 296; 299; resigns
Africa to the Vandals, 307, 309 ; 367 sq. ;
northern limit reached, 369; system of
government in Britain, 371 sqq. ; recog-
nises Carausius, 377; influence of, 397;
cedes Auvergne to the Visigoths, 433;
Odovacar observes system of, 436; Theo:
doric observes system of, 441 sq. ; faith
in the destiny of, 574 sqq. ; new laws on
slavery in, 593. See Empire
Rome, Christian church in. Council (313),
12; represented at Council of Nicaea, 13;
council (340), 129; 141; organisation,
150 sqq. ; importance of deacons, 154 sq. ;
presbyters, 155; parish clergy, 159 ;
161 sq. , 166; growth in importance of
the bishop, 167, 169; early pre-eminence,
171 sq. ; precedence of, recognised, 173 sq. ,
487 sq. ; use of Apostles' Creed, 176 ; use
of Creed of Constantinople, 177; Nicene
canons as received by, 179; controversy
with Church of Carthage, ib. ; schism in,
449; attitude towards Nestorianism, 497;
synod supports Cyril, 499; sends deputa-
tion to Council of Ephesus, 501; and the
Monophysite controversy, 503; and the
Robber Council, 505; and the Council
of Chalcedon, 507 sq. ; pre-eminence of
see threatened by decision of Council of
Chalcedon, 511; breach with see of Con.
stantinople, 516; opposition to Henoticon,
517; reunion with Constantinople, 518 sq. ;
Pelagianism condemned by Council, 586
Rome, Church of (the modern), 124
Rome, Bishops of. See Anastasius II,
Anicetus, Anteros, Boniface I, Celestine I,
Clement, Cornelius, Damasus, Eleuthe.
rius, Gelasius I, Gregory I, Hadrian I,
Hilarius, Hormisdas, Innocent I, John I,
Julius I, Leo I, Liberius, Miltiades,
Simplicius, Siricius, Sixtus III, Sylvester,
Symmachus, Zosimus
Romulus, grandfather of Romulus Augus-
tulus, ambassador to the Huns, 429; 433
Romulus, brother of Marcian, joins Theo-
doric, 476
Romulus Augustulus, Emperor of the West,
deposed, 284, 392, 399, 430, 433 sq. , 474;
proclaimed emperor, 430, 433; exiled, 430;
insignia of, sent to Zeno, 431 ; 434 sq. ;
sends embassy to Zeno, 435, 443
Rosoppe, 186
Rottenburg, on the Neckar, 224
Rouen, monasteries early established at, 534
Roumania, 357
Roumanians, immense districts traversed
by, 356; 357 sq.
Roxana, wife of Alexander the Great, 403
Rua (Rugilas), King of the Huns, 360 sq. ;
supports Aëtius, 411; death, 414
Rubruquis, cited, 359
Rufinus, witnesses burning of Reggio, 399;
his impressions of Nitria and the monks,
522; monastery founded by, 526; trained
as a monk at Aquileia, 531; translates
Rule of Basil, 535
Rufinus, ambassador to Persians, 481
Rufinus of Aquitaine, praetorian praefect,
ambassador to Theodosius, 246; influences
Theodosius, 257; blamed for death of
Promotus, 258; adviser to Arcadius, 260,
456; slain, 260, 262, 457 sq. ; puts Lucian
to death, 456
Rufinus Probianus, name on diptych in
Berlin collection, 604
Rufus, Bishop of Thessalonica, and the case
of Nestorius, 499
Rugi, 185
Rugians (Rugii), early settlements of, 185,
198, 361, 420; defeat Huns, 420; in
Marcian's army, 423 ; St Severinus
mediates with, 425 ; in Italy, 430; 434;
in Zeno's army, 478 sq.
Rugilas, King of the Huns. See Rua
Ruhr, River, 186 note; 361
Rumitalca, tribune, supports Procopius, 221
Ruricius, Roman governor, 227; execution
of, 228
Ruricius Pompeianus, defends Verona and
is killed, 4
Ruspe, Bishop of. See Fulgentius
Russia, 198; Altaians as cattle-breeders in,
331 ; wagon-tents used in, 336; slaves
in, 348; nomad hordes in, 352, 354 sq. ;
Sorasgi in, 360
Russians, the, 18, 20; (Varangians), 349;
defeated by Mongols, 350
Rusumbladestus, father of Zeno (Tarasi.
codissa), 515
Ruthenians, 357
Rutilius Namatianus, Claudias, Roman
poet, poems of, 115 ; 116; Return from
Exile of, 575; 576 sq.
Rutupiae. See Richborough
Rygir, 185
Ryknield Street, course of, 376
Saalland, 296
Sabaria, Valentinian at, 229
Sabas, St, organiser of laura system of
monasticism, 529; Typicon of, ib.


## p. 743 (#773) ############################################

Index
743
Sabiniacus, official under Theodoric, 448
Sabinianus, general, inefficiency of, 72
Sabinianus, made magister militum of
Illyricum, 475 ; holds Goths in check,
476; death, 477
Sabinianus (the younger), magister militum
of Illyricum, defeated, 483
Sabutai, Mongol general, successes of, 350
Sacro Speco, cave of St Benedict, 536
Sahara desert, 349
St Albans (Verulamium), Romanised British
town, 371, 373; Roman road through,
376
St Gallen, 253
Salian Franks, Ch. x (B) passim; possible
origin of name, 296 ; at battle of Orleans,
282, 298, 425
Salices (Ad Salices), battle of, 216, 233
Salic Law, the, 300 sqq.
Salii, the, seize Brabant, 65
Salisbury, battle of Britons and English at,
389
Sallust, officer of Julian, 75, 78; refuses
election as emperor, 84 ; dismissed, 219
Salona (Spalatro), Nepos at, 433
Salona (Spalatro), Bishops of. See Gly.
cerius, Hesychius
Salvian, 299; and patronage in Gaul, 564 ;
On the Government of the World, of, 577;
592
Samaritans, the, set up Justasa as emperor,
474
Samnium, 446
Samosata, flight of Roman army to, 482
Samosata, Paul of. See Paul
Samothrace, plan of temple at, 608
Sandwich (Kent), 370, 377
Sangarius, River, 220
Sangiban, King of the Alani, offers to betray
Orleans, 280
Saphrax, leader of the Greutungi, 232 ; de-
vastates Pannonia, 237 ; invades Roman
territory, 250; at battle of Hadrianople,
251 ; rules for infant son of Withimir,
253
Sapor II, King of Persia, 22, 57; defeated
by Constantius, 58; besieges Nisibis, 59;
finds allies, 71; renews war with Rome,
72; retreats, 76; 79; 82 sqq. ; proposes
peace to the Romans, 85; and Armenia,
225; at war with Rome, 226
Sapor III, King of Persia, succeeds to the
throne, 238 ; accession announced at
Constantinople, 240
Sapor, general of Theodosius, sent to expel
Arian bishops, 255
Saracens, the, 18; raids of, 63; harass the
Roman army, 85; break treaty of alliance,
defend Constantinople, 252 ; raids
of (448), 467, (498), 480
Saragurs, the, ask for Roman protection,
469
Sardica (Sofia), 16; Constantius at, 60;
religious influences at, 126; Council
meets at, 129 sq. , 166; canons of the
Council of, 149, 151, 168, 179 sqq. ; 251;
Zeno the Isaurian escapes to, 470
Sardinia, 31, 131 ; in Vicariate of Rome,
171; Vandals prepare to attack, 306 ;
ceded to the Vandals, 311; Vandal rule
in, 320; recovered by Marcellinus, 426
Sardis, Bishop of. See Melito
Sarepta, purple fabric trade of, 548
Sarmatae Liberi, given a king by Con.
stantius, 71
Sarmatia, proposed new province, 200
Sarmatians (Sarmatae), the, 19, 67, 71;
appeal for help to Rome, 211; invade
Pannonia, 213; make a raid across the
Danube, 229; defeated by Theodosius,
235, 253 ; customs of, 349; invade Italy,
358 ; under King Rua, 360; defeated by
Theodoric, 471
Sarn Helen, Roman road, course of, 377
Sarsena, dispute between clergy and towns-
people in, 451
Sarts, of Ferghana, 348; described, 352
Sarus, prince of the Visigoths, joins Stilicho,
265 sq.
; retreats before Gerontius, 267;
incites mutiny at Ravenna, 268; kills
Stilicho's body-guard, 269, 270; joins
Honorius, 273
Saturn, Julian revives worship of, 107
Saturnalia, of Macrobius, 571 sqq. , 592
Saturninus, Roman officer, brings reinforce-
ments against Goths, 233; arranges for
colonisation of Thrace by Goths, 237,
254 ; extradition of, 263, 459; return of,
460
Saturninus, comes domesticorum, and Eu.
docia, 466
Saul, leader of the Goths in the Roman
army, 247, 259; at the battle of Pollentia,
265
Sauromaces, King of Hiberia, expelled by
Persians, 225 ; restored by Romans, 226;
231
Save, River, 61, 243
Savia, province of, given to King Rua, 360
Savoy, Burgundians settled in, 411, 413
Saxa Rubra, battle of, 4, 10, 12
Saxons, the, 60; return to the Yssel, 69; 198;
raids of, 202, 223 ; pirates suppressed
by Maximian, 207 ; pirates punished by
Euric, 284; 292 sqq. ; driven back by
Childeric, 299; harass coasts of Gaul and
Britain, 378, 380 ; settle in Britain, 382
sq. , 413; connected with Old Saxons of
the Continent, 384; 385 ; 393
Saxon Shore, system of coast defence, 378
Sbide, Zeno blockaded in, 473
Scampia, taken by Theodoric, 475
Scandinavia (Scandza insula), Teutonic
territory in, 184 sqq. ; home of the Goths,
202, 203 note; 349; prince of, at Theo-
doric's court, 452
Scandinavians, grades of officials among,
387
Scarborough, 379
Scarponna. See Charpeigne
238 ;


## p. 744 (#774) ############################################

744
Inder
Scaurus, M. Aurelius, Roman general, de-
feated, 192
Scete, monastic settlement in desert of, 522
sqq. ; Germanus in, 525
Scheldt, River, 209, 296 sq.
Schleswig, Teutons early settled in, 183,
186, 383 sq. ; bog-deposits in, 385, 387
Scholae, edict of ejection of Catholics pub-
lished in, 454
Sciri (Scyri), 190, 203 ; raids of, 239 ; 361;
in Hungary, 420; combine with Heruli,
ib. ; in Italy, 430; 434; captured and
settled in Asia Minor, 462 ; at war with
Ostrogoths, 469
Scordisci, 190; allied with the Bastarnae,
191 ; drive back the Teutons, 192
Scotland, annexed by Antoninus Pius, 369;
and Bernician kingdom, 391; spread of
Christianity in, 533
Scots, the, 58; oppose the Romans, 73;
defeated by Maximus, 238, 383 note ;
driven out by Constans, 378
Scotti, Irish tribes, pillage Britain, 223
Scupi (Uskub), Theodosius at, 236, 243
Scyri. . See Sciri
Scyros, 205
Soythia, 56, 355; Vitalianus seizes fortresses
in, 486
Scythians, 325; customs of, 336, 349, 355 ;
invade Media, Mesopotamia, and Syria,
354; 356 ; become Iranian, 359; subdued
by Huns, 362
Scythopolis, linen trade of, 548 sq.
Seaxneat, traditional divine ancestor of East
Saxon royal family, 386
Sebaste, Eustathius of. See Eustathius
Sebastian, son-in-law of Boniface, heads
resistance to Aëtius, 411 ; dismissed and
banished, ib.
Sebastian, brother of Jovinus, named co-
ruler, 277 ; put to death, 401
Sebastian, praefect, sells offices, 474
Sebastianus, general, 81 sqq. ; defeats the
Goths, 216, 234 ; possible candidate for
empire, 231 ; slain at Hadrianople, 235,
251; 250
Sebastopol, 20
Secundinus, brother-in-law of Anastasius,
made city-praefect, 479
Secundus, Bishop of Tigisis, 12
Segni, Teutonio tribe, 188
Segovia, 140
Seine, River, 411
Sejanus, Aelius, 31
Seleucia in Isauria, Council of bishops of
the East at, 126, 133, 135, 166; taken,
461
Seleucia (Seleucia-Ctesiphon) in Persia,
Nestorian school at, 519; principal epi.
scopal see of Persian Church, ib.
Selga, 458
Seljuks, the, 19, 334
Semana, name of Thuringian Forest, 186
note
Semiryechensk, sand-deserts in, 327
Semnones, tribe of Suebi, location of the,
196 sqq. ; 200
Senarius, count of the patrimonium under
Theodoric, 443
Senate of Constantinople, recognises Mar-
cian, 467 ; ratifies appointment of Leo,
468; refuses to pay both Theodorics,
474; declares Vitalianus a public enemy,
485; some members present at Council
of Chalcedon, 507
Senate of Rome, 5, 24 sqq. , 39, 48; func-
tions of, 49 sq. ; supports pagan religion,
114 sqq. , 240; and Alaric, 268; decrees
death of Serena, 270; urges Honorius to
make peace with Alaric, 271; yields to
Alaric, 272; and the African difficulty,
273; varying importance of, 395 sqq. ; at
height of power under Anthemius, 39
427; accepts Theodosian Code, 412; sends
embassy to Attila, 417; and Avitus, 422 ;
and Leo, 426 ; 431 ; recognises Odovacar,
435; sends embassy to Zeno, ib. ; erects
statues of Zeno, 436, 474; and papal
elections, ib. ; Zeno commends Theodoric
to, 438; 441; importance under Theo-
doric, 443 ; and Arianism, 453; and the
guilds, 550
Seneca, influence of, on later philosophers,
592
Senecio, agent of Licinius, 6
Sens, Julian winters at, 66 ; near site of
battle of Mauriacus, 416 note
Senuti of Atripe, Coptic abbot, rules both
monks and nuns, 530
Senuti of Panopolis, archimandrite, and
Cyril, 494 ; at Council of Ephesus,
500; said to have killed Nestorius,
503
Septem (Septa, Septum), Castle of, forti-
fications preserved by Gaiseric, 307
Septimania, 283 ; secured for the Visigoths,
452
Sequani, Keltic tribes, overcome by Teu-
tons, 189, 194; make war on the Aedui,
193
Serapio, Frankish chief, defeated by Julian,
209
Serapion, archdeacon, quarrels with Severi.
&QU8, 492
Serapis, worship of, 107; measuring gauge
removed from temple of, 489 ; destruction
of temple of, 490
Serena, niece of Theodosius, marries
Stilicho, 258; is put to death, 270
Servia, 357, 358 note, 554, 568
Servians, 357
Servianus, Roman general, slain by Ale-
manni, 222
Servius, critic and scholar, described in the
Saturnalia, 571
Severi, the, 28, 40
Severianus, Deputy Bishop of Constanti.
nople, quarrels with Serapion, 492
Severianus, official under Theodoric, 446
Severinus, St, Life of, cited, 420; rules


## p. 745 (#775) ############################################

Index
745
.
Noricum, 425; predicts greatness of
Odovacar, 430, 434; 436
Severn, River, 367, 369, 372 sq. ; Roman
road by, 377; kingdom of Hwicce includes
valley of, 390
Severus, M. Aurelius Alexander, Em-
peror, 25, 27, 31, 47, 158; commands
against Teutons, 200; is murdered,
201; 203 ; 544; encourages trade guilds,
551
Severus, L. Septimius, Emperor, 8, 15, 17,
26, 28, 31, 44, 146; in Britain, 369;
sister of, ignorant of Latin, 545
Severus, Libius, Emperor of the West,
becomes emperor, 310; insignificance of,
424 ; death, 425, 443; position un-
recognised by Eastern Empire, 468
Severus, Bishop of Antioch, cited, 160
Severus the Pisidian, Bishop of Antioch,
influences Anastasius, 518; organises
Monophysite communities in Egypt and
Syria, 519
Severus, Bishop, and Theodoric, 451
Severus, general, at battle of Strassburg,
68; 69; sent to Britain, 223
Severus, Senator, ambassador to Carthage,
311, 472
Severus, Sulpicius, biographer of St Martin
of Tours, cited, 153, 534, 583
Seville, taken by Vandals, 305 ; occupied
by Rechiar, 413
Seville, Bishops of. See Isidore, Leander
Sextus, Julius Africanus, founds science of
comparative chronography, 582 sq.
Sheffield, on course of Roman road, 376
Shepherd, the, of Hermas, 163 sq.
Shields, on Roman road, 377
Shipka Pass, held by Goths, 234
Shrewsbury, 368, 373
Shropshire (Wreocensaete), long uncon-
quered by English, 390
Siberia, climate of, 327
Sicambria, legendary Trojan city, 293
Sicily, 18 sq. , 31, 61; in Vicariate of Rome,
171 ; fleet of Maximus defeated off, 243;
273 ; plundered by Vandals, 306, 309 sq. ,
412, 424, 468; ceded to the Vandals, 311;
transferred to Odovacar, ib. , 436 ; part
forms dowry of Amalafrida, 313; supplies
provisions to the Romans for expedition
against Vandals, 315 ; 363 ; 413; Ricimer
in, 422 ; murder of Marcellinus in, 426 ;
452 ; 465, 541
Sidones, location of the, 198
Sidonius Apollinaris, Bishop of Clermont,
poems of, 116 ; describes attack on the
city, 283; describes Visigothic court, 284;
292 ; describes the Franks, 303; cited,
395, 577, 596; eulogises Marcian, 423 ;
made praefect of Rome, 427; helps in
defence of Clermont, ib. ; 429
Sieg, River, 186 note
Sigebert, King of the Ripuarian Franks,
wounded at the battle of Zülpich, 300
Sigerich, Visigothic prince, made king, 278;
murdered, ib. ; his treatment of Placidia,
278, 404; 289
Sigesar, Gothic bishop, baptises Attalus,
272
Sigismund, son of Gundobad, King of the
Burgundians, marries a daughter of
Theodoric, 451
Sigisvult, German commander, sent against
Boniface, 409
Silanus, M. Junius, consul, defeated by
Teutons, 192
Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum), founded,
371; 373; results of excavations at,
374 sq. , 380; Roman road through, 376;
engraved glass found at, 607; early
basilican church at, 613 sq.
Silenus, Julian revives worship of, 107
Silingi, Vandalic tribe, 266 ; granted land
in Baetica, 275, 304, 316 ; defeated by
Goths, 275, 304 ; destroyed, 304, 404 ;
paganism of, 320
Silistria, native land of Aëtius, 406
Silures, British tribe, 372
Silva Carbonaria. See Carbonarian Forest
Silvanus, deserts Magnentius, 61; com-
mands in Gaul, 64 sq. ; fall of, 65
Simeon Stylites, receives a copy of the
imperial circular, 513
Simplicius, Bishop of Rome, and Odovacar,
436 ; death, ib. ; excommunicates advo.
cates of Henoticon policy, 517
Simplicius, abbot of Monte Cassino, 541
Singara, 57; battle of, 58; recovered by
Persians, 74; surrendered by Jovian,
85; Kawad at, 481 sq.
Singidunum. See Belgrade
Sintula, Julian's tribune of the stable, 73
Siricius, Bishop of Rome, decretal letter of,
151, 153, 182; 159
Sirmium, Constantine captures, 7; 16; 59
sqq. ; court removed to, 71; Julian
welcomed at, 75; 76; 102; manifesto
of, 126, 132, 138; 130; fourth creed of,
133; 140; Council of, 166; 219; Gratian
at, 234, 251; Theodosius made co-emperor
at, 235, 253; 237; church plate saved
from Attila, 415, 424
Siscia, attacked by Magnentius, 61;
Theodosius victorious at, 243
Sisinnius, Bishop of Constantinople, 494
Sistova (Novae), attacked by Goths, 204 ;
363
Sitifis, triumphant entry of Theodosius
into, 228
Sitones, mentioned by Tacitus, 184
Sixtus III, Bishop of Rome, 159
Sklavenes. See Slavs
Skobelev, Michael Dmitrievich, Russian
general, defeats the Turkomans, 348
Slade Collection, glass in, 606 sq.
Slavs (Sklavenes), early settlements of the,
184; vegetarianism of, 349; 355, 357;
under Hunnic rule, 360 sq. ; 480; as
slaves, 548
Slovaks, 357
47-5


## p. 746 (#776) ############################################

746
Index
297
Slovenes, 357
Smyrna, centre of learning at, 88; church
of, 164
Socrates, philosopher, 570, 594
Socrates, historian, cited, 125, 610; abridg-
ment of his history made by Epiphanius,
449
Sofia. See Sardica
Soissons, battle of, 285; Syagrius known
as “Roman king” of, 425
Solicinium, Alemanni defeated at, 209,
224
Sol Invictus, worshipped, 95
Solon, 570
Solway Firth, Wall of Hadrian to, 368
Somerset, Roman villas in, 375
Somme, River, limit of Frankish territory,
Sons of the Covenant, society of religious,
Stephen, Bishop of Ephesus, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508
Steppes, the, 203
Stilicho, sent as ambassador to Persia, 240;
in command against Eugenius, 246 sq. ;
in command in Thrace, 258; marriage,
ib. ; dismisses Gothic troops, 259; regent
for Honorius, 260, 456; recalled to Italy,
261, 457 ; in Greece, ib. , 458; makes &
treaty with Alaric, 262, 458; and Gildo's
revolt, 263, 458; concedes territory to
Vandals, 264; treats with the Goths, 265;
at battle of Pollentia, ib. , 460; Illyrian
schemes of, 265 sqq. , 460; waning
influence of, 268; fall and death of.
269 sq. ; 397, 462; policy of, 275, 396,
400; withdraws Roman garrisons from
the Rhine, 299; repairs coast defences of
Britain, 379; 393; importance of, as
magister utriusque militiae, 394; religious
toleration shewn by, 395; 402; uses Hun
mercenaries, 407; 408, 412, 422, 459, 461
Stirling, Gap of, Roman outposts in, 369
Stobi, Theodosius at, 243; sacked by
Theodoric, 475
Stoicism, 11
Stourton, Roman pavement at, 614
Strabo, 189, 196 sqq.
Strassburg (Argentoratum), taken by the
Alemanni (355), 66; (406), 266 sq. ; battle
of, 67 sqq. , 209 and note
Strategius, helps Procopius, 220
Strathclyde, Britons retire to, 381
Stratonicus, gladiator, represented on
526
Sopater, favourite of Constantine, 21
Sophene, Persians pass through, 72
Sorasgi, the, subdued by the Huns, 360
Sosipatra, wife of Aedesius, 100
South Kensington Museum, specimens of
early Christian art at, 603 sqq. , 612
Sozomen, historian, Church History of,
cited, 162, 527 ; abridgment of work
made by Epiphanius, 449
Sozopolis, taken by Vitalianus, 486
Spain, under Maxentius, 3; 13, 30 sq. ;
awarded to Constantine II, 56 ; passes to
Constans, 58; 59; 88; slow decay of
paganism in, 115; Creed of Constantinople
used in, 177; bishops of, meet at Elvira,
178; Kelts in, 186 ; Cimbri reach, 192;
Franks in, 202 ; Theodosius in, 235, 253;
Maximus acknowledged in, 239 ; supplies
Rome with corn, 263; saved from the
Vandals, 266 ; attacks on, 267, 400; fall
of Roman rule in, 268; 271; Vandals in,
274 sq. ; 334; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf in, 278, 279 sqq. , 403 ; Euric's
expedition into, 283 ; waning power of
the Romans in, 305, 399, 413 sq. ; 306 ;
Magyars penetrate to, 356; 375; 393 ;
saved for Rome by Wallia, 404; 405,
407, 409; Theodoric II conquers Suevic
kingdom in, 421 sq. ; Majorian and,
423; 430; Amalaric established in, 452;
spread of monasticism in, 532 sq. ; relic
of pre-Roman times in, 546; export trade
of, 548
Spalato, Archdeacon of.
See Thomas
Sparta, 16; Goths in, 261, 457
Speier, conquered by Alemanni, 266
Spoleto, 536
Spree, River, 198
Spreewald, 187
Squillace, monastery of Cassiodorus at,
538
Staines (Pontes), Roman road through, 376
Stainmoor, Roman road over, 377
Stephen, Bishop of Antioch, plot of, 126;
disgraced and deposed, 130
medallion, 606
Studium monastery, founded, 516; under
Theodore, 529
Stuf, nephew of Cerdic, said to have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Styria, Roumanians in, 356
Suani, allies of Persia, attacked by Gobazes,
469
Subiaco, St Benedict at, 536 sq. , 541
Succi, Pass of (Iron Gate), 60; Julian at,
75 sq. ; 220
Sudetes, Mts, 185, 196; Teutons cross the,
197
Sudini, 196
Suebi. See Suevi
Suebi Nicretes, 189
Suevi (Suebi, Sueves), Teutonic tribes, 67,
71; invasion of, 189, 193 sq. ; retire,
195; permanent settlement of, 196 sq. ;
subdivisions of, 198; invade Gaul,
266 sq. , 393 sq. , 400; in Spain, 274,
304, 316, 400, 404, 413; receive land in
Galicia, 275, 304; 278 sq. ; defeated by
Theodoric II, 281, 421; 282 ; defeated
near Merida, 305; make alliance with
Vandals, 309; paganism of, 320; 361; in
Marcian's army, 423
Sugambri, known as Franks, 201
Suiones, mentioned by Tacitus, 184
Sulla, L. Cornelius (Felix), 28
Sulpicius Alexander, historian, cited, 295
&


## p. 747 (#777) ############################################

Index
747
as
Sulz (Solicinium ? ), possible site of defeat
of Alemanni, 209 and note
Sumere, 85
Suna, Count, and Theodoric, 448
Sunno, leader of the Franks, raid of, 243,
256 ; gives hostages, 244, 256 ; 295
Sunuci, Teutonic tribe, 188
Surenas, Persian general, 85
Surrey, probably never formed a separate
kingdom, 389
Sussex, Roman villas in, 375; Saxon
settlement of, 382; kingdom of, 389
Sweden, Teutons early settled in, 183 sq. ;
scene of Beowulf laid partly in, 386; rock-
carvings in, 387
Swindon, site of early battle near, 389
Switzerland, La Tène civilisation in, 187
Syagrius, Frankish prince, given up by
Alaric II, 285; 299
Syagrius, son of Aegidius, known
383 sq.
" Roman king of Soissons,” 425
Sylvester I, Bishop of Rome, 8, 12, 151 ;
builds St Peter's, 611
Sylvia, St. See Etheria
Symmachus, Bishop of Rome, 159 ; dis-
puted election of, 449; tried and acquitted,
449 sq. ; tolerant to the Arians, 453
Syınmachus, Q. Aurelius, cited, 37, 67,
576; leads pagan party in Rome, 115;
116; leads pagan embassy to Gratian,
238; ambassador to Valentinian II, 240;
friend of Eugenius, 246 ; described in
the Saturnalia, 571 ; letters of, 572; and
the arena, 594 ; marriage diptych of
daughter of, 604
Symmachus, patrician, father-in-law of
Boethius, and Theodoric, 444, 448; put
to death, 453
Symmachus, official of Theodoric, 454
Synesius of Cyrene, Bishop of Ptolemais,
studies under Hypatia, 116; The
Egyptians or On Providence of, 264 ;
candidature supported by Theophilus of
Alexandria, 490; Neoplatonist views of,
578; and divination, 580
Syr, River, 323
Syria, Christians in, 6; 16; 19; 62 ; 82;
88 sq. , 107, 121; and Nestorian heresy,
132; and the question of Meletius, 141;
161; Monophysites of, 170; 213; Valens
in, 219, 225; 248; Huns invade, 261,
456; Scythians invade, 354 ; Isaurian
robbers in, 461; Arabs invade, 464, 468,
472, 482 ; Celer in, 482 sq. ; revolt in,
513 sq. ; becomes Monophysite, 519;
growth of asceticism in, 526; peculiar
features of monachism in, 527 ; abuse
of monasticism in, 529; nuns in, 531;
534 sq. , 548; early churches in, 609
Syrians, and the Roman Empire, 544 ;
retain their native language, 545
Syrus, Roman officer, 244, 256
Tabraca, Gildo killed at, 264
Tacitus, Cornelius, historian, 1; cited,
24 sq. , 184, 197, 292 sqq. , 371 sqq. ,
Tacitus, M. Claudius, Emperor, 6, 25; and
the Goths, 206
Tadjiks, of Ferghana, 348
Taghlibi, the, defeated, 481
Taieni, the, 84
Taifali, in Black Sea region, 203; in the
Banat, 205 ; fight the Vandals, 206; de.
feated by Constantine II, 211; plunder
Roman provinces, 216; defeated by
Saturninus, 233
Talis, Mother, superior of convent at
Antinöe, 531
Tall Brothers, the, flee to Chrysostom, 491;
appeal to Eudoxia, 492; at synod of
Chalcedon, 493
Tampsapor, satrap, 71
Tamuraye, eastern tribe, attack Persia, 483
Tanis, 167
Tarasicodissa. See Zeno
Tarentum, gulf of, 561
Tarifa (Julia Traducta), Vandals embark at,
305
Tarim, River, 323
Tarquins, the, 22
Tarraco. See Tarragona
Tarraconensis, Ataulf settles in, 278;
Goths hold, 287; plundered by Sueves,
309
Tarragona (Tarraco), taken by the Franks,
202
Tarragona, Bishop of. See Himerius
Tarsus, 19; Constantias falls ill at, 76;
Julian intends to fix his court at, 81;
Julian buried at, 86, 219; centre of
learning at, 88; Pap a prisoner at, 231 ;
Verina at, 476, 478; Leontius crowned
at, 478; 480
Tarsus, Bishop of. See Diodorus
Tartars, food of the, 339 sqq. ; methods of
warfare, 347, 351; beauty of present type
of, 355
Tatianus, nominee of Aspar for praefecture,
469
Taunus, Mt, 186 note; Suebi near, 194
Taurisci, allied with the Romans, 192
Taurus, Mt, 6, 16, 18, 121, 134, 242, 480
Taurus, suburb of Constantinople, trium-
phal column erected in, 255
Taygetus, Mt, 16
Tebeste, 263
Tectosages, destruction of the, 197
Tekke-Turkomans, raids of, 348
Temes, River, 205
Tempe, Vale of (Valley of the Peneus).
Peneus
Temple at Jerusalem (Solomon's), vessels
of, taken from Rome by the Vandals, 308,
421
Tencteri, Teutonic tribe, invasion of, 189,
194 sq. ; location of, 198
Tentyra (Denderah), home of Palaemon in,
Tabennisi, first Pachomian monastery at,
524; nunnery at, 530


## p. 748 (#778) ############################################

748
Index
523; first Pachomian monastery near,
524
Terentius, Roman officer, accompanies Pap
to Armenia, 225; restores Sauromaces,
226; reports unfavourably of Pap, 231
Terouenne, Vandals at, 266
Terracina, monastery founded at, 541
Tertullian (Quintus Septimius Florens Ter-
tullianus), theories of, 118, 574; cited,
149, 164, 172, 532, 554 sq. ; and heathen
books, 570
Tervingi, tribe of Goths, 203; 206, 210;
submit to Rome, 211, 213; oppose the
Huns, 215; besiege Marcianople, 216
Teuriscans, Keltic tribe of northern Hun.
gary, 188
Teutones, 189 sqq. ; defeated by the
Romans, 193
Teutons, the, 124; earliest known history
of, 183; Iron Age among, 184; affinity
with neighbouring races, 185 sq. ; expan-
sion of, 187 sqq. ; checked, 190; in con-
tact with Rome, 191 sq. ; begin to over-
run Gaul, 194; Augustus and, 195;
settlements in Mid-Europe of, 197; over.
run Roman provinces, 199 sq. ; 202; and
waste coast of Asia Minor, 204; in Dacia
and Moesia, 205 s sq. ; defeated by Claudius,
206; helped by Carausius, 207; revolt
against Magnentius, 208; defeated by
Constantine II, 211; victorious over
Valens, 216 sq. , 250 sq. ; hold high
offices in Thessalonica, 256; in army of
Theodosius, 259; do bomage to Honorius,
260; unrest among, 264; 267; in Rome,
272; in Spain, 274 sq. ; relations with
Romans, 275 sq. ; in the Danube basin,
361; allied with Rome, 398; in Britain, 546
Texuandri, Teutonic tribe, 188
Thalassius, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappa-
docia, assessor at the Latrocinium, 505;
condemned by Council of Chalcedon,
508 sq. ; pardoned, 509
Thalassius, praetorian praefect, 63
Thames, archaeological discoveries in valley
of, 388; 389; early Christian relics found
in, 614
Thebaid, the, Longinus in, 480; 502; 581
Thebes, Alaric fails to take, 457
Theiss, River, campaign of Constantius on,
71; 211; 264; headquarters of Attila
Thela, son of Odovacar, sent as hostage to
Theodoric, 440; slain, ib.
Themistius, Court orator, 237
Theodahad, nephew of Theodoric the Great,
and Amalasuntha, 454 sq.
Theodemir, King of the Ostrogoths, father
of Theodoric, warden of the marches,
437; settles in Pannonia, 468; attacks
Eastern and Western Empires, 471 ; death,
Theodora, stepdaughter of Maximian,
marries Constantius, 2; her sons, 3, 22
sq.
Theodore, Bishop of Mopsuestia, com-
mentator, 156; friendship with Chry-
sostom, 491, 496; teacher of Nestorius,
496; 498; Cyril fails to obtain condem-
nation of, 502; real founder of Nestorian.
ism, 514 ; works studied at Nisibis, 519;
rationalism of, 579
Theodore, abbot of the Studium, 529
Theodoret, Bishop of Cyrus, Historia Re.
ligiosa of, cited, 147, 175, 526 sq. ;
abridgment of work made by Epiphanius,
449; and the Nestorian controversy, 498
sq. , 502; accused by Dioscorus, 504;
absent from Latrocinium, 505; deprived,
ib. ; 506; at Council of Chalcedon, 507
sqq. ; reinstated, 510, 512; 513
Theodoric I, King of the Visigoths, succeeds
Wallia, 278; attacks Arles, 279, 408;
treachery to Rome, 279; alliance with
Gaiseric, ib. , 307; killed in battle with
the Huns, 280, 416; 281; free election of,
289; 364; 411
Theodoric II, King of the Visigoths, on
campaign against the Huns, 280; policy
of alliance with Rome, 281; changes
policy, 282; 283, 289; education of, 291,
421; 292; and Avitus, 421; conquers
Suevic kingdom in Spain, 421; defeated
by Majorian, 423; opposes Aegidius, 424;
murdered, 427
Theodoric the Great, King of the Ostrogoths,
his government of Italy, 1; compared
with Trajan and Valentinian, 230; policy
compared with Ataulf's, 277; mediates
between Franks and Visigoths, 285, 484;
makes alliance with the Vandals, 313;
death, 314, 454; 435 sq. ; parentage and
early years, 437, 469 ; made consul and
patrician, 438; invades Italy, ib. ; de-
feats Odovacar, 439, 479; and the Church,
439; 449 sq. ; treachery to Odovacar,
440; and Anastasius, ib. , 483; position
in Italy, ib. ; maintains the Roman
government, 441; appoints Romans only
as officials, 442; and the Roman Senate,
443; and the Arian schism, 444; and the
consulship, 445; administration, 445 sqq. ;
restores ancient buildings, 448; foreign
policy of, 451; marries Audefleda, ib. ;
known as Dietrich of Bern, 452; extent
of dominion, ib. ; cruelty of, 452 sqq. ;
sends embassy to Justin I, 454; work,
ib. ; accession, 471; made magister mili-
tum, 474; campaign in Macedonia, 475;
negotiates with Zeno, 476; holds offices,
Theodoric, son of Triarius (Theodoric
Strabo), chief of the Thracian Goths,
helps Basiliscus, 437, 474; intrigues with
and against Theodoric the Anal, 437 sq. ,
475; death, 438, 477; supports Aspar,
470; joined by Aspar's guards, 471; made
magister militum, 471; negotiates with
Zeno, 474 sq. ; aids Marcian, 476; at.
tacks Zeno, 477
near, 365
477 sq.
ib.


## p. 749 (#779) ############################################

Index
749
CO-
Theodorus, imperial notary, conspires
against Valens, 226; 229, 235
Theodosian house, extinction of, 395, 399,
419; clericalism of, 407; question of
succession, 418; loyalty of Stilicho and
Aëtius to, 422; 438; Juliana as repre-
sentative of, 485
Theodosiopolis, fortress of, built, 466;
sacked by Persians, 481; retaken, ib.
Theodosius I, the Great, Emperor, 1, 5, 19,
27; bis treatment of the Christian Church,
113, 126; made co-emperor, 140, 235,
253; and the Council of Constantinople,
141 sq. ; orthodoxy of, 166; defeats Sar-
matians, 229, 253; subdues the Goths,
236 sq. ; recognises Maximus as
emperor, 238 sq. , 255; treats with
Sapor III, 240 ; his treatment of Antioch,
241 sq. , 592; victory over Maximus, 243;
and the massacre at Thessalonica, 244 sq. ,
257 ; penance of, 245; victorious at the
Frigidus, 247, 259, 393; death, 247, 259;
work and character, 247 sqq. ; legislation
of, 248; 256; defeated on the Maritza,
258 ; 259 sqq. ; policy towards Stilicho,
394; extinction of line of, 395, 399; 423 ;
judicial proceedings under, 563; 565 sq. ;
laws of, against magic, 580
Theodosius II, Emperor of the East, code
Chrysostom, 461, 492 sqq. ; difficulties of
position, 489; character, 489 sq. ; calls
synod, 490; and the Tall Brothers, 491;
letter of Innocent I to, 494 ; 513
Theophilus, Gothio bishop, 13
Theophilus, governor of Syria, murdered,
62 sq.
3
of, 52, 230, 392, 397, 399, 412, 465, 556,
564; 113; accession, 268, 462; 269; and
the Huns, 362 sqq. , 414, 433; death, 364,
414, 467 sq. ; 506; minority, 396; 406;
contemplates uniting Empires of East and
West, 407; treats with Valentinian III,
412; treats with Gaiseric, 413; family
pride of, 418; 419, 432; 456, 460; educa.
tion, 462; marries Eudocia, 463 sq. ;
makes treaty with Persia, 464; and the
usurper John, 465; supports Valentinian
III, ib. ; 466, 470 sq. ; and the Nestorian
controversy, 495, 498 sqq. ; and the
Council of Ephesus, 500 sq. ; religious
intrigues at court of, 502; 504; upholds
decisions of the Robber Council, 505 sq. ;
511; discus of, 547; land law under, 561;
590
Theodosius, archimandrite of the cenobia of
Palestine, 529
Theodosius, Count, father of Theodosius
the Great, restores order in Britain, 223
sq. , 378; defeats the Alemanni, 224;
225; in Africa, 228; executed, ib. ; 229;
230
Theodosius, monk, set up as bishop in
Jerusalem,512; imprisoned, ib. ; released,
ib.
Theodosius, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267
Theodosius, infant son of Atauli, 278, 403
Theodric, King of Bernicia, 391
Theolaifus, Roman officer, 77
Theopaschite, the, version of Peter Mongus,
518
Theophilus, Bishop of Alexandria, and
Theophilus, citizen of Antioch, 608
Theophrastus, 98
Thermantia, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 268; sent back to Serena, 270
Thermopylae, Pass of, seized by Alaric,
261, 457; Huns reach, 363, 414
Thessalonica, 141; attacked by Teutons,
206; saved by Theodosius from the Goths,
236; 237; Valentinian II takes refuge at,
242; massacre at, 244, 257; 245; head-
quarters of Theodosius at, 253; import-
ance of Teutons in, 256; Valentinian III
proclaimed at, 465; tumult at, 475
Thessalonica, Bishops of. See Acholius,
Rufus.
Thessaly, Goths in, 237, 253; Alaric in,
260, 457; Huns in, 363; Theodoric in,
477; plundered by Slavs, 483
Theudegotha, daughter of Theodoric,
marries Sigismund, 451
Thian Shan Mts, 323
Thilsaphata, 85
Thisbe, town in Boeotia, conditions of land
tenancy in, 562
Thomas, Archdeacon of Spalato, cited, 359
Thomas of Marga, Book of the Governors of,
cited, 527
Thorismud, son of Theodoric I, succeeds
his father, 280, 416; policy of, 281, 421;
assassinated, ib. ; 289; 427
Thorsbjaerg, bog-deposits at, 385 sq.
Thrace, under Licinius,3,7; 17, 31; awarded
to Constans, 56; surrendered to Con.
stantius, 58; 75; Julian reaches, 76 sq. ;
137; Bastarnae in, 191, 206; Goths in,
204, 213, 252, 465; 205; 215; held by
Teutons, 216, 250; 220; disturbances
among miners in, 233; Theodosius com-
mands in, 235 sq. ; colonies of Goths in,
237, 239; 253, 255; attacked by Visi.
goths, 257, 456 ; Gainas in, 263; ravaged
by Huns, 414, 458, 464, 467; 460; Huns
settled in, 468; disturbances in, 470;
Theodorio, son of Triarius, and, 471, 475,
477 ; 478; incursion of barbarians into,
480; 481; Bulgarian raids in, 483 ;
bishops of, at Council of Chalcedon, 508
Thracians, allied with the Bastarnae, 191 ;
and the Roman Empire, 544
Thrasamund, King of the Vandals, reign of,
313; treatment of Catholics by, ib. , 321;
318; patron of architecture, 322; marries
Amalafrida, 313, 451
Thraustila, murderer of Valentinian III,
419
Thucydides, 103
Thunor, the Thunder-God of Teutonio
mythology, 386


## p. 750 (#780) ############################################

750
Index
Thuringi, 189
Thuringia, the Kelts in, 187; flight of
Childeric to, 298
Thuringian Forest, 186 note, 187
Thyatira, battle of, 221
Ti (Tiw), god of Teutonic mythology, 386
Tiber, River, 4, 8; blockaded by Goths,
271; the Vandals in, 421; 429; trang.
port of corn on, 551; 575
Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar, Emperor,
25, 31; military successes of, 195 sq. ;
and Britain, 368
Ticinum. See Pavia
Tigisis, Bishop of. See Secundus
Tigris, River, 57 sq. ; 74; Sapor retreats
from, 76; 81 sqq. ; 88; 458
Tigurini, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutonic
migrants, 192; retreat from Italy, 193
Timagenes, quoted by Ammianus, 188
Timasius, Roman officer, 243; made general.
in-chief, 246; banished, 457
Timostratus, duke of Osrhoene, defeats
Persians, 482
Timotheus, Bishopof Constantinople, neutral
position of, 518
Timothy, set over Asia, 156
Timothy, Bishop of Alexandria, 166
Timothy Salophaciolus, Bishop of Alexan.
dria, appointed, 513; death, 516
Timothy, called Aelurus, Monophysite in.
truder into see of Alexandria, expelled by
Leo I, 469; influence on Basiliscus, 473;
installed, 512; character, 512 sq. ; driven
out, 513; returns to see, ib. , 515; death,
516
Tingitian Mauretania, assigned to Vandals,
307
Tiridates, King of Armenia, 22
Tiro, Prosper, cited, 365, 409, 417
Titianus, envoy of Magnentius, 61
Titus, set over Crete, 156
Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasianus, Emperor,
and the vessels of Solomon's Temple, 308,
421
Tobol, River, 324
Tolbiacum. See Zülpich
Toledo, Councils of, 533, 596
Tome of Pope Leo I, 505 8qq. ; approved by
Council of Chalcedon, 509; condemned by
Basiliscus, 515; Acoemetae and, 516; 517
Tomi, attacked by Teutons, 206; battle
Tournai, 243, 256; Vandals at, 266; and
the Salian Franks, 297 sq. ; tomb of
Childerio at, 299
Tours, Vandals at, 266; relieved by Aëtius,
410
Tours, Bishops of. See Gregory, Martin
Toutoni, doubtful identity of, 189 sq.
Toxandria, Salian Franks in, 69, 296
Toygeni, tribe of Helveti, join the Teutons,
192
Traditores, name applied to those who
surrendered the scriptures, 11.