at oonly 3352
wiseme{n} may [doon] ?
wiseme{n} may [doon] ?
Chaucer - Boethius
at.
?
at is to seyne
he ? {a}t forleti? naturel ordre he for-leti? ? ilk beyng
? at is set in hys nature.
[Sidenote: But, you may say that the wicked have a _power_ to act,
nor do I deny it; but their power is an effect of weakness. ]
but ? ou wolt sein ? at shrewes
mowen. ? Certys ? at ne denye I nat. ? but certys 3316
hir power ne descende? nat of streng? e but of feblesse.
[Sidenote: They can do evil, but this they could not do, if they
retained the power of doing good. ]
for ? ei mowen don wickednesses. ? e whiche ? ei ne
my? ten nat don yif ? ei my? te{n} dwelle in ? e forme {and}
in ? e doynge of goode folke. [[pg 117]]
[Sidenote: This power, then, clearly shows their impotence. ]
? And ? ilke power 3320
shewe? ful euydently ? at ? ei ne mowen ry? t nau? t.
[Linenotes:
3285 _whiche_--the which
_? at_--? {a}t the
3286 _ben_--be
3291 _au? ten to folwen_--owhten folwe
3293 _do? _--MS. do? e, C. doth
3394 _wrastle_--wrastlen
3295 _vilfully_--wilsfully
3297 _outerly_--owtrely
3301 _seyne_--seyen
3304-5 _denye_--denoye
3305 _sey[e] symplely_--seye sympeli
3306 [_ne_]--from C.
3307 _seyn_--seyen
3309 _graunt[e]_--graunte
3311-12 _? ilk_--thilke
3312 _ha? _--MS. ha? e
3313 _? at_ (1)--what
_seyne_--seyn
3314 _? ilk_--thilke
3315 _set_--MS. sette, C. set
3316 _denye_--denoye
3318 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3319 _my? ten_ (1)--myhte
_dwelle_--dwellin
3320 _goode_--good]
[Headnote:
POWER, AN ATTRIBUTE OF THE CHIEF GOOD. ]
[Sidenote: For as evil is nothing, it is clear that while the
wicked can only do evil they can do nothing. ]
? For so as I haue gadered {and} p{ro}ued a lytel her byforn
? at yuel is nau? t. {and} so as shrewes mowen oonly
but shrewednesse. ? is conclusiou{n} is al clere. ? at 3324
shrewes ne mowen ry? t nat to han power.
[Sidenote: That you may understand the force of this power, I have
proved that nothing is more powerful than the sovereign good. ]
and for as
moche as ? ou vndirstonde whiche is ? e streng? e ? at is
power of shrewes. I haue diffinised a lytel here byforn
? at no ? ing nis so my? ty as souereyne good
[Sidenote: _B. _ That is true. ]
? ? at is 3328
so? e q{uo}d . I.
[Sidenote: _P. _ And that supreme good can do no evil? ]
[{and} thilke same souereyn good may don
non yuel //
[Sidenote: _B. _ Certainly not. ]
Certes no q{uod} I]
[Sidenote: _P. _ Is there any one who thinks that man can do all
things? ]
? Is ? er any wy? t ? an
q{uo}d she ? at weni? ? at men mowen don alle ? inges.
[Sidenote: _B. _ No sane man can think so. ]
No man q{uo}d . I. but yif he be out of hys witte.
[Sidenote: _P. _ But men may do evil. ]
? but 3332
certys sherewes mowen don yuel q{uo}d she.
[Sidenote: _B. _ I would to God they could not. ]
? ? e wolde
god q{uo}d I ? at ? ei ne my? te{n} don none.
[Sidenote: _P. _ Since he that can do good, can do all things, and
he that has power to do evil cannot do all things, therefore the
evil-doers are less powerful. ]
? at q{uo}d she
so as he ? at is my? ty to done oonly but good[e] ? inges
may don alle ? inges. and ? ei ? at ben my? ty to done 3336
yuel[e] ? inges ne mowen nat alle ? inges. ? an is ? is open
? ing {and} manifest ? at ? ei ? {a}t mowe{n} don yuel ben of
lasse power.
[Sidenote: Let me add too that _power_ is one of the things to be
desired, and that all such things are to be referred to the chief
good (the perfection of their nature). ]
and ? itte to p{ro}ue ? is conclusiou{n} ? ere
helpe? me ? is ? at I haue shewed here byforne. ? at al 3340
power is to be nou{m}bred amonge ? inges ? at men au? ten
requere. {and} haue shewed ? at alle ? i{n}ges ? at au? ten ben
desired ben referred to good ry? t as to a manere hey? te
of hyr nature.
[Sidenote: But the power of doing evil has no relation to that
Good, therefore it is not desirable; but as all power is
desirable, it is clear that the ability to do evil is not power. ]
? But for to mowen don yuel {and} 3344
felonye ne may nat ben referred to good. ? an nis nat
yuel of ? e nou{m}bre of ? inges ? at au? te{n}.
[Sidenote: [* fol. 26 _b_. ]]
*be desired. but
al power au? t[e] ben desired {and} requered. ? ? an is
it open {and} cler ? at ? e power ne ? e moeuyng of shrewes 3348
nis no powere.
[Sidenote: It clearly follows from this reasoning, that the good
only are powerful while the vicious are feeble. ]
{and} of alle ? ise ? inges it shewe? wel ? at
? e goode folk ben certeynly my? ty. {and} ? e shrewes ben [[pg 118]]
douteles vnmy? ty
[Sidenote: And Plato's opinion is hereby verified that the _wise_
only have the power to do what they desire; the wicked may follow
the dictates of their lusts, but their great aim and desire,
_i. e. _ HAPPINESS, they can never attain. ]
? And it is clere {and} open ? at ? ilke
sentence of plato is uerray {and} so? e. ? {a}t sey? ?
at oonly 3352
wiseme{n} may [doon] ? at ? ei desiren. {and} shrewes
mowen haunten ? at hem lyke? . but ? at ? ei desiren ? at
is to seyne to comen to souereyne good ? ei ne han no
power to acomplissen ? at.
[Sidenote: The wicked may gratify their desires, thinking to
attain the chief good (for which they wish), but they can never
possess it, for impiety and vice can never be crowned with
happiness. ]
? For shrewes don ? at hem 3356
list whan by ? o ? inges in whiche ? ei deliten ? ei wenen
to atteyne to ? ilke good ? at ? ei desiren. but ? ei ne geten
ne atteynen nat ? er to. ? for vices ne comen nat to
blisfulnesse. 3360
[Linenotes:
3324 _shrewednesse_--shrewednesses
_clere_--cleer
3325 _nat----power_--nawht ne han no power
3326 _whiche_--which
_? at is_--of this
3327 _here_--her
3328 _nis_--is
3329 _so? e_--soth
3329, 3330 [_and thilke----quod I_]--from C.
3334 _don_--MS. done, C. don
_none ? at_--non thanne
3335 _done_--doon
_good[e]_--goode
3336 _don_--MS. done, C. don
_done_--don
3337 _yuel[e]_--yuele
_? is_--it
3338 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3339 _? itte_--yit
_? ere_--ther
3340 _shewed here byforne_--Ishewed her by-forn
_al_--alle
3341 _amonge_--among
3344 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3346 _au? ten be_--owhte ben
3347 _al_--alle
_au? t[e]_--owhte
3351 _clere_--cler
3352 _so? e_--soth
_? at sey? _--MS. but si? e, C. ? {a}t seyth
3353 [_doon_]--from C.
3355 _seyne_--seyn
3357 _whiche_--which]
[Headnote:
THE WICKED ARE UNHAPPY. ]
QUOS UIDES SEDERE CELSOS.
[Sidenote: [The ij^de Met{ur}. ]]
[Sidenote: Whosoever might strip of their purple coverings, proud
kings, who, surrounded by their guards, sit on lofty thrones, and
whose stern looks wear fierce threatenings, and boiling breasts
breathe fury; would see those mighty lords inwardly fettered, and
tormented by lust, passion, grief, and delusive hopes. ]
++Who so ? at ? e couertures of her veyn apparailes
my? t[e] strepen of ? ise proude kynges ? at ? ou
seest sitten on hey? e in her chayeres glyterynge in
shynynge purpre envyroned wi? sorweful arm{ur}es 3364
manasyng wi? cruel mou? e. blowyng by woodnesse of
herte. ? He sholde se ? an ? at ilke lordes beren wi?
i{n}ne hir corages ful streyte cheynes for leccherye tormenti?
he{m} on ? at oon syde wi? gredy venyms {and} 3368
troublable Ire ? at araise? in hem ? e floodes of troublynges
tourmenti? vpon ? at o? er side hir ? ou? t. or sorwe halt
he{m} wery or ycau? t. or slidyng {and} disseyuyng hope
tourmenti? hem.
[Sidenote: Since, then, so many tyrants bear sway over one
head--that lord, oppressed by so many masters (i. e. vices), is
weak and feeble, and his actions are not obedient to his will. ]
And ? erfore syn ? ou seest on heed. 3372
? at is to seyne oon tyraunt bere so many[e] tyrauntis.
? a{n} ne do? ? ilk tyraunt nat ? at he desiri? . syn he
is cast doune wi? so many[e] wicked lordes. ? at is to
seyn wi? so many[e] vices. ? at han so wicked lordshipes 3376
ouer hym.
[Linenotes:
3361-63 _her_--hir
3362 _my? t[e]_--myhte
3363 _hey? e_--heygh
3364 _sorweful_--sorwful
3365 _mou? e_--Mowth
3366 _se_--seen
_ilke_--thilke
3368 _on_--in
3369 _hem_--hym
3371 _disseyuyng_--deceyuynge
3373 _seyne_--seyn
_bere_--beeren
3373-75-76 _many[e]_--manye
3373 _tyrauntis_--tyranyes
3374 _do? _--MS. do? e
_? ilk_--thilke
3375 _doune_--down
_wicked_--wikkede
3376 _wicked_--wikkedly]
[[pg 119]]
[Headnote:
THEY DO NOT ESCAPE PUNISHMENT. ]
VIDES NE IGITUR QUANTO.
[Sidenote: [The iij. ^de p{ro}se. ]]
[Sidenote: See you not in how great and filthy a mire the wicked
wallow? ]
++SEest ? ou nat ? an in how gret fil? e ? ise shrewes ben
ywrapped. {and} wi? whiche cleernesse ? ise good
folk shynen.
[Sidenote: This is a proof that good folks do not go unrewarded,
nor do the evil-doers escape punishment. ]
In ? is shewe? it wel ? at to good folk ne 3380
lakke? neuer mo hir medes. ne shrewes ne lakken
neuer mo to{ur}mentis.
[Sidenote: Every action is done for a certain end, and that end is
the reward of the action. ]
for of alle ? inges ? at ben ydon
? ilke ? ing for whiche any ? ing is doon. it seme? as by
ry? t ? at ? ilke ? ing be ? e mede of ? at. as ? us. ? yif a 3384
man renne? in ? e stadie or in ? e forlonge for ? e corone.
? an lie? ? e mede in ? e corone for whiche he renne? .
[Sidenote: But Happiness is that good for which all things are
done. Therefore happiness is the reward which all the human race
seek as the reward of their actions. ]
? And I haue shewed ? at blisfulnesse is ? ilke same
good for whiche ? at alle ? i{n}g{us} ben don. ? an is ? ilke 3388
same good p{ur}posed to ? e werkes of mankynde ry? t as
a comune mede.
[Sidenote: This good is inseparable from the virtuous, therefore
virtue can never want its reward. ]
whiche mede ne may ben disseuered
fro good folk. for no wy? t as by ry? t fro ? ennes for? e
? {a}t hym lakki? goodnesse ne shal ben cleped good. 3392
For whiche ? ing folk of good[e] maneres her medes ne
forsaken hem neuer mo.
[Sidenote: Evil men may rage as they please against the good, but
the crown of the wise shall not fall nor fade. ]
For al be it so ? at sherewes
waxen as wood as hem list a? eynes good[e] folk. ? itte
neuer ? e les ? e corone of wise men ne shal nat fallen 3396
ne faden.
[Sidenote: The wickedness of another cannot deprive a virtuous
soul of its own honour. ]
? For foreine shrewednesse ne bynyme?
he ? {a}t forleti? naturel ordre he for-leti? ? ilk beyng
? at is set in hys nature.
[Sidenote: But, you may say that the wicked have a _power_ to act,
nor do I deny it; but their power is an effect of weakness. ]
but ? ou wolt sein ? at shrewes
mowen. ? Certys ? at ne denye I nat. ? but certys 3316
hir power ne descende? nat of streng? e but of feblesse.
[Sidenote: They can do evil, but this they could not do, if they
retained the power of doing good. ]
for ? ei mowen don wickednesses. ? e whiche ? ei ne
my? ten nat don yif ? ei my? te{n} dwelle in ? e forme {and}
in ? e doynge of goode folke. [[pg 117]]
[Sidenote: This power, then, clearly shows their impotence. ]
? And ? ilke power 3320
shewe? ful euydently ? at ? ei ne mowen ry? t nau? t.
[Linenotes:
3285 _whiche_--the which
_? at_--? {a}t the
3286 _ben_--be
3291 _au? ten to folwen_--owhten folwe
3293 _do? _--MS. do? e, C. doth
3394 _wrastle_--wrastlen
3295 _vilfully_--wilsfully
3297 _outerly_--owtrely
3301 _seyne_--seyen
3304-5 _denye_--denoye
3305 _sey[e] symplely_--seye sympeli
3306 [_ne_]--from C.
3307 _seyn_--seyen
3309 _graunt[e]_--graunte
3311-12 _? ilk_--thilke
3312 _ha? _--MS. ha? e
3313 _? at_ (1)--what
_seyne_--seyn
3314 _? ilk_--thilke
3315 _set_--MS. sette, C. set
3316 _denye_--denoye
3318 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3319 _my? ten_ (1)--myhte
_dwelle_--dwellin
3320 _goode_--good]
[Headnote:
POWER, AN ATTRIBUTE OF THE CHIEF GOOD. ]
[Sidenote: For as evil is nothing, it is clear that while the
wicked can only do evil they can do nothing. ]
? For so as I haue gadered {and} p{ro}ued a lytel her byforn
? at yuel is nau? t. {and} so as shrewes mowen oonly
but shrewednesse. ? is conclusiou{n} is al clere. ? at 3324
shrewes ne mowen ry? t nat to han power.
[Sidenote: That you may understand the force of this power, I have
proved that nothing is more powerful than the sovereign good. ]
and for as
moche as ? ou vndirstonde whiche is ? e streng? e ? at is
power of shrewes. I haue diffinised a lytel here byforn
? at no ? ing nis so my? ty as souereyne good
[Sidenote: _B. _ That is true. ]
? ? at is 3328
so? e q{uo}d . I.
[Sidenote: _P. _ And that supreme good can do no evil? ]
[{and} thilke same souereyn good may don
non yuel //
[Sidenote: _B. _ Certainly not. ]
Certes no q{uod} I]
[Sidenote: _P. _ Is there any one who thinks that man can do all
things? ]
? Is ? er any wy? t ? an
q{uo}d she ? at weni? ? at men mowen don alle ? inges.
[Sidenote: _B. _ No sane man can think so. ]
No man q{uo}d . I. but yif he be out of hys witte.
[Sidenote: _P. _ But men may do evil. ]
? but 3332
certys sherewes mowen don yuel q{uo}d she.
[Sidenote: _B. _ I would to God they could not. ]
? ? e wolde
god q{uo}d I ? at ? ei ne my? te{n} don none.
[Sidenote: _P. _ Since he that can do good, can do all things, and
he that has power to do evil cannot do all things, therefore the
evil-doers are less powerful. ]
? at q{uo}d she
so as he ? at is my? ty to done oonly but good[e] ? inges
may don alle ? inges. and ? ei ? at ben my? ty to done 3336
yuel[e] ? inges ne mowen nat alle ? inges. ? an is ? is open
? ing {and} manifest ? at ? ei ? {a}t mowe{n} don yuel ben of
lasse power.
[Sidenote: Let me add too that _power_ is one of the things to be
desired, and that all such things are to be referred to the chief
good (the perfection of their nature). ]
and ? itte to p{ro}ue ? is conclusiou{n} ? ere
helpe? me ? is ? at I haue shewed here byforne. ? at al 3340
power is to be nou{m}bred amonge ? inges ? at men au? ten
requere. {and} haue shewed ? at alle ? i{n}ges ? at au? ten ben
desired ben referred to good ry? t as to a manere hey? te
of hyr nature.
[Sidenote: But the power of doing evil has no relation to that
Good, therefore it is not desirable; but as all power is
desirable, it is clear that the ability to do evil is not power. ]
? But for to mowen don yuel {and} 3344
felonye ne may nat ben referred to good. ? an nis nat
yuel of ? e nou{m}bre of ? inges ? at au? te{n}.
[Sidenote: [* fol. 26 _b_. ]]
*be desired. but
al power au? t[e] ben desired {and} requered. ? ? an is
it open {and} cler ? at ? e power ne ? e moeuyng of shrewes 3348
nis no powere.
[Sidenote: It clearly follows from this reasoning, that the good
only are powerful while the vicious are feeble. ]
{and} of alle ? ise ? inges it shewe? wel ? at
? e goode folk ben certeynly my? ty. {and} ? e shrewes ben [[pg 118]]
douteles vnmy? ty
[Sidenote: And Plato's opinion is hereby verified that the _wise_
only have the power to do what they desire; the wicked may follow
the dictates of their lusts, but their great aim and desire,
_i. e. _ HAPPINESS, they can never attain. ]
? And it is clere {and} open ? at ? ilke
sentence of plato is uerray {and} so? e. ? {a}t sey? ?
at oonly 3352
wiseme{n} may [doon] ? at ? ei desiren. {and} shrewes
mowen haunten ? at hem lyke? . but ? at ? ei desiren ? at
is to seyne to comen to souereyne good ? ei ne han no
power to acomplissen ? at.
[Sidenote: The wicked may gratify their desires, thinking to
attain the chief good (for which they wish), but they can never
possess it, for impiety and vice can never be crowned with
happiness. ]
? For shrewes don ? at hem 3356
list whan by ? o ? inges in whiche ? ei deliten ? ei wenen
to atteyne to ? ilke good ? at ? ei desiren. but ? ei ne geten
ne atteynen nat ? er to. ? for vices ne comen nat to
blisfulnesse. 3360
[Linenotes:
3324 _shrewednesse_--shrewednesses
_clere_--cleer
3325 _nat----power_--nawht ne han no power
3326 _whiche_--which
_? at is_--of this
3327 _here_--her
3328 _nis_--is
3329 _so? e_--soth
3329, 3330 [_and thilke----quod I_]--from C.
3334 _don_--MS. done, C. don
_none ? at_--non thanne
3335 _done_--doon
_good[e]_--goode
3336 _don_--MS. done, C. don
_done_--don
3337 _yuel[e]_--yuele
_? is_--it
3338 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3339 _? itte_--yit
_? ere_--ther
3340 _shewed here byforne_--Ishewed her by-forn
_al_--alle
3341 _amonge_--among
3344 _don_--MS. done, C. don
3346 _au? ten be_--owhte ben
3347 _al_--alle
_au? t[e]_--owhte
3351 _clere_--cler
3352 _so? e_--soth
_? at sey? _--MS. but si? e, C. ? {a}t seyth
3353 [_doon_]--from C.
3355 _seyne_--seyn
3357 _whiche_--which]
[Headnote:
THE WICKED ARE UNHAPPY. ]
QUOS UIDES SEDERE CELSOS.
[Sidenote: [The ij^de Met{ur}. ]]
[Sidenote: Whosoever might strip of their purple coverings, proud
kings, who, surrounded by their guards, sit on lofty thrones, and
whose stern looks wear fierce threatenings, and boiling breasts
breathe fury; would see those mighty lords inwardly fettered, and
tormented by lust, passion, grief, and delusive hopes. ]
++Who so ? at ? e couertures of her veyn apparailes
my? t[e] strepen of ? ise proude kynges ? at ? ou
seest sitten on hey? e in her chayeres glyterynge in
shynynge purpre envyroned wi? sorweful arm{ur}es 3364
manasyng wi? cruel mou? e. blowyng by woodnesse of
herte. ? He sholde se ? an ? at ilke lordes beren wi?
i{n}ne hir corages ful streyte cheynes for leccherye tormenti?
he{m} on ? at oon syde wi? gredy venyms {and} 3368
troublable Ire ? at araise? in hem ? e floodes of troublynges
tourmenti? vpon ? at o? er side hir ? ou? t. or sorwe halt
he{m} wery or ycau? t. or slidyng {and} disseyuyng hope
tourmenti? hem.
[Sidenote: Since, then, so many tyrants bear sway over one
head--that lord, oppressed by so many masters (i. e. vices), is
weak and feeble, and his actions are not obedient to his will. ]
And ? erfore syn ? ou seest on heed. 3372
? at is to seyne oon tyraunt bere so many[e] tyrauntis.
? a{n} ne do? ? ilk tyraunt nat ? at he desiri? . syn he
is cast doune wi? so many[e] wicked lordes. ? at is to
seyn wi? so many[e] vices. ? at han so wicked lordshipes 3376
ouer hym.
[Linenotes:
3361-63 _her_--hir
3362 _my? t[e]_--myhte
3363 _hey? e_--heygh
3364 _sorweful_--sorwful
3365 _mou? e_--Mowth
3366 _se_--seen
_ilke_--thilke
3368 _on_--in
3369 _hem_--hym
3371 _disseyuyng_--deceyuynge
3373 _seyne_--seyn
_bere_--beeren
3373-75-76 _many[e]_--manye
3373 _tyrauntis_--tyranyes
3374 _do? _--MS. do? e
_? ilk_--thilke
3375 _doune_--down
_wicked_--wikkede
3376 _wicked_--wikkedly]
[[pg 119]]
[Headnote:
THEY DO NOT ESCAPE PUNISHMENT. ]
VIDES NE IGITUR QUANTO.
[Sidenote: [The iij. ^de p{ro}se. ]]
[Sidenote: See you not in how great and filthy a mire the wicked
wallow? ]
++SEest ? ou nat ? an in how gret fil? e ? ise shrewes ben
ywrapped. {and} wi? whiche cleernesse ? ise good
folk shynen.
[Sidenote: This is a proof that good folks do not go unrewarded,
nor do the evil-doers escape punishment. ]
In ? is shewe? it wel ? at to good folk ne 3380
lakke? neuer mo hir medes. ne shrewes ne lakken
neuer mo to{ur}mentis.
[Sidenote: Every action is done for a certain end, and that end is
the reward of the action. ]
for of alle ? inges ? at ben ydon
? ilke ? ing for whiche any ? ing is doon. it seme? as by
ry? t ? at ? ilke ? ing be ? e mede of ? at. as ? us. ? yif a 3384
man renne? in ? e stadie or in ? e forlonge for ? e corone.
? an lie? ? e mede in ? e corone for whiche he renne? .
[Sidenote: But Happiness is that good for which all things are
done. Therefore happiness is the reward which all the human race
seek as the reward of their actions. ]
? And I haue shewed ? at blisfulnesse is ? ilke same
good for whiche ? at alle ? i{n}g{us} ben don. ? an is ? ilke 3388
same good p{ur}posed to ? e werkes of mankynde ry? t as
a comune mede.
[Sidenote: This good is inseparable from the virtuous, therefore
virtue can never want its reward. ]
whiche mede ne may ben disseuered
fro good folk. for no wy? t as by ry? t fro ? ennes for? e
? {a}t hym lakki? goodnesse ne shal ben cleped good. 3392
For whiche ? ing folk of good[e] maneres her medes ne
forsaken hem neuer mo.
[Sidenote: Evil men may rage as they please against the good, but
the crown of the wise shall not fall nor fade. ]
For al be it so ? at sherewes
waxen as wood as hem list a? eynes good[e] folk. ? itte
neuer ? e les ? e corone of wise men ne shal nat fallen 3396
ne faden.
[Sidenote: The wickedness of another cannot deprive a virtuous
soul of its own honour. ]
? For foreine shrewednesse ne bynyme?
