An extremely rich and
thorough
knowledge, which was deeper and more com prehensive in the realms of history than in those of natural science, was ordered and arranged in his thought according to a great systematic plan.
Windelband - History of Philosophy
Foot-note 3.
Cf. Comte rendu des Siances des Ecoles Normales. Vol. 1.
P. 527. Line 11 from foot of text, add : —
By this definition of history the principles of investigation in natural science and those appropriate to history were no longer distinguished, and the contrast* between mechanical and teleological standpoints were obliterated in a way which necessarily called out the opposition of so keenly methodical a thinker at Kant. (Cf. his review of Herder's book, Ideas toward the Philosophy of the History of Mankind, in the Jen. Allg. Lilt. Ztg. , 1785. ) On the other band, i harmonising thought was thus won for the theory of the world, quite in accord with the Leibnizian Monadology, and this has remained as an influential posto late and a regulative idea for the further development of philosophy.
P. 529. Tothelit. ,add:—
E. von Hartmann, Die deutschc Aesthctik seit Kant (Berlin, 1886). wnliaa Schmidt, Geschichte der deutschen Litteratur von Leibnis bis auf unsertr ZtiL [Kuno Francke, Social Forces in German Literature, 2d ed. , N. Y. 1897. ]
P. 530. Line 8, add : —
Through this participation in the work of the highest culture, in which liten ture and philosophy gave each to the other furtherance toward the brilliant or ations of the time, the German people became anew a nation. In this it found
Appendix.
once more the essence of its genius ; from it sprang intellectual and moral forces through which, during the past century, it has been enabled to assert in the world the influence of this, its newly won nationality.
P. 532. To the lit, add : —
Fr. Paulsen, /. Kant, sein Leben und seine Lehre, Stuttgart, 1898.
P. 535. To the notice of Kant, add : —
His activity as a teacher extended not only over philosophical fields, but also to anthropology and physical geography ; and just in these, by his suggestive, discriminating, and brilliant exposition, his influence extended far beyond the bounds of the university. In society he was regarded with respect, and his fel low-citizens sought and found in him kindly instruction in all that excited gen eral interest.
P. 536. To the lit. , add : —
Among the publications of Kant's Lectures the most important are the Anthropologie (1798, and by Starcke, 1831) ; Logik (1800) ; Physische Geogra phic (1802-1803) ; Padagogik (1803} ; Metaphysik (by Pbiitz, 1821). [On this last, which is valuable for Kant's development, 1770-1780, see B. Erdmann in
comprising, I. Works, published by Kant himself ; 11. Correspondence ; III. Un published Manuscripts; IV. Lectures. Vols. Land II. of the Correspondence have appeared, ed. by Reicke (Berlin, 1900). ] The Kanl Studien, ed. by H.
Vaihinger (1896——), gives the most complete information regarding recent literature. [Recent translations are Kant's Cosmogony (Glasgow, 1900), by W. Mastie; Dreams of a Spirit Seer (Load, and N. Y. , 1900), by Goerwitz ; 77k* Inaugural Dissertation of 1770, by Eckhoff (N. Y. , 1894). ]
P. 537. To the lit. , add : —
E. Adickes, KanVs Systematik als systembildender Factor (Berlin, 1887), and Kantstudien (1894) ; E. Arnoldt, Kritische Excurse im Oebiet der Kantforschung, Kdnigsberg, 1894.
[J. G. Schurmann in Philos. Review, Vols. VII. , VIII. ]
P. 551. To the lit, add : —
A. Hegler, Die Psychologic in Kant's Ethik, Freiburg i. Br. 1891.
W. Korster. Der Entieicklungsgang der kantischen Ethik, Berlin, 1894.
P. 557. Line 18 from foot, insert as a new paragraph : —
"The Communion of Saints," on the contrary, the ethical and religious union of the human race, appears as the true highest good of the practical reason. This reaches far beyond the subjective and individual significance of a combination between virtue and hap piness, and has for its content the realisation of the moral law in the development of the human race — the Kingdom of God upon earth. (Cf. Critique of Judgment, §§ 85 ff. , Religion within the Bounds of Mere Reason, 3d part (I. 2 ff. ).
P. 559. Tothe lit. under § 40, add : —
[V. Batch, Essai critique sur rEsthltique ie Kant, Pari*, 1896. ]
695
Philos. Moiiatshefle, Vol. XIX. , and M. Heinze, A'. 's Vorlesungen fiber Metj, Leips. 1894. ] A critical complete edition, such as has long been needed, is being published by the Berlin Academy of Sciences. [This appears in four parts,
696 Appendix.
P. 564. Last line. To " fine art," attach as note . —
On the historical connections of the theories here developed by Kant withm the framework of his system, cf. P. Schlapp, Die Anfange der Kritik da
Oeschmacks und des Oenies (GOttingen, 1899).
P. 569. Line 14 from foot of text, add : —
Jacobi was in youth a friend of Goethe. He was a typical personality for the development of the German life of feeling in its transition from the time of
" Storm and Stress," over into the Romantic movement. He was the chief rep resentative of the principle of religious sentimentality. Cf. on his theory Fr. Harms (Berlin, 1876).
P. 570. Line 6. Add : —
On Beck, cf. W. Dllthey in Arch. f. Oesch. d. Philo$. , II. 592 ff. On Maimot, cf. A. MSlzner (Greifswald, 1890).
P. 570. Line 18. To the notice of Reinhold, add : —
He was an ardent, but not an independent, man. His capacity to appreciate and adopt the work of another, and a certain skill in formulation, enabled him to render the Kantian philosophy a great service which was not, however, with out its drawbacks. In this consisted the importance of his Jena period.
P. 570. Line 33. To the lit. on Schiller, add : —
G. Geil, Sch. 's Verhaltniss zur kantischen EtMk, Strassburg. 1888 ; K. Gneisse, Sch. 's Lehre von der aslhetischen Wahrnehmung, Berlin, 1893; K. Bergec, Die Enturicklung von Sch. 's Aesthelik, Weimar, 1893; E. Kubne- mann, Kant's und Sch. 's Begrundung der Aesthelik, Munich, 1895.
P. 570. Line 14 from foot. To the notice of Fichte, add : —
As he worked his own way out of difficult conditions with great energy, so his whole life was filled with a thirst for achievement and for the improvement of the world. He seeks to reform life, and especially the life of students and universities, by the principles of Kant's teaching. It is as orator and preacher that he finds his most efficient activity. High-flying plans, without regard to the actual conditions and often, perhaps, without sufficient knowledge of the data, form the content of his restless efforts, in which his "Philosophy of the Will" incorporates itself. The dauntless and self-forgetful character of bis idealism it evidenced above all in his " Addresses to the German Nation " (1807), in which he called his people with ardent patriotism to return to their true inner nature, to moral reform, and thereby to political freedom. [To the Eng. tr. has been added the Science of Ethics, by Kroeger, 1897 . J
P. 571. Line 8. To the notice of Schelling, add: —
In his personality the predominant factor is the combining capacity which is shown by an imagination that received satisfaction and stimulation on evert side. Religion and art, natural science and history, presented to him the rick material through which he was able to vitalise the systematic form which Kau and Fichte had constructed, and to bring it into living and fruitful connect** with many other interests. But this explains the fact that he seems to be involved in a continuous reconstruction of his theory, while he himself supposed that be Was retaining the same fundamental standpoint from the beginning to tbe end of his work. (Cf. the lectures by K. Rosenkranz, Danzig, 1843) ; L. Noaek; A*. und die Philos. der Romantik, Berlin, 1859; E. v. Hartmann, Sch. 's pontin Philosophic Berlin, 18(59 ; R Zimmermann, Sch. 'sPhilvsuphiejderKuntt. ViewDSu 1876; C. Frantz, Sch. 's positive Philosophic, Cethen, 1879 f. ; Fr. Schaper, Sch. 's Philos. der Mythologie und der Offenbarung, Nauen, 188&f.
Appendix. 697
P. 571. Line 33. Insert: —
J. J. WagMr (1776-1841, System der IdealpMloiophie, 1804, Organon der menschlichen Erkenntniu, 1830).
P. 571. Line 4 from foot. To the notice of Hegel, add : —
Hegel wm of a thoroughly didactic nature, with a tendency to schematise.
An extremely rich and thorough knowledge, which was deeper and more com prehensive in the realms of history than in those of natural science, was ordered and arranged in his thought according to a great systematic plan. Imagination and practical ends fall far into the background in his life, in comparison with the purely intellectual need of comprehending all human knowledge as a histori cal necessity and a connected whole. This didactic uniformity appears also in the construction of his terminology, and has both its good and its bad side. Cf. H. Ulricl, Ueber Prineip und Uethode der H. Schen Philos. (Leips. 1841); P. Bartb, Die Oeschichtsphilos. H. 's (Leips. 1890). [Recent translations of Phi losophy of Mind, by W. Wallace, Clar. Press, 1804 ; Philosophy of Religion, by Speirs and Sanderson, Lond. 1805 ; Philosophy of Right, by S. W. Dyde, 1896. Cf. J. MacTaggart, Studies in the Hegelian Dialectic, 1896 ; G. Noel, La Log- ique de H. , Paris, 1897. ] Kuno Fischer's work on Hegel is now in press as the 8tb vol. of the "Jubilee Edition" of his Geschichte der neueren Philosophic, and has progressed in its brilliant exposition so far as to include the Logic.
P. 572. To the notice of Schleiermacher, add : —
Schlelermacher's kindly nature, which was particularly skilful in fine and delicate adjustments, is developed especially in the attempt to harmonise the aesthetic and philosophical culture of his time with the religious consciousness.
With delicate hand he wove connecting threads between the two, and removed in the sphere of feeling the opposition which prevailed between the respective theories and conceptions. Cf. I>. Schenkel, Sch. , Elberfeld, 1868 ; W. Diltbey, Lehcn Schl. 's, Bd. I. Berlin, 1870 ; A. Kitsch), Sch. 's Reden ub. d. Rel. , Bonn, 1876 ; F. Bachmann, Die Entwicklung der Elhik Schl. 's, Leips. 1892. [Eng. tr. of the On Religion, by Oman (Lond. 1893). J
P. 572. To the notice of Herbart, add : —
Herbarl's philosophical activity was conspicuous for its keenness in concept ual thought and for its polemic energy. Whatever he lacked in wealth of per ceptual material and in aesthetic mobility was made up by an earnest disposition and a lofty, calm, and clear conception of life. His rigorously scientific manner made him for a long time a successful opponent of the dialectical tendency in philosophy.
P. 573. Line 4. To the notice of Schopenhauer, add : —
Of the recent editions of his works the most carefully edited is that of E. Grisebach. Schopenhauer's peculiar, contradictory personality and also his teaching have been most deeply apprehended by Kuno Fischer (9th vol. of the Geseh. d. neueren Phllos. , 2d ed. , 1898).
His capriciously passionate character was joined with a genius and freedom of intellectuality which enabled him to survey and comprise within one view a great wealth of learning and information, and at the same time to present with artistic completeness the view of the world and of life which he had thus found. As one of the greatest philosophical writers, Schopenhauer has exercised the strongest influence through his skill in formulation and his language, which is free from all the pedantry of learning, and appeals to the cultivated mind with brilliant suggestiveness. If be deceived himself as to his historical position in the Post-Kantian philosophy, and thereby brought himself into an almost pathological solitariness, be has nevertheless given to many fundamental thoughts of this whole development their most fortunate and effective form. Cf. W. Wallace, Sch. (London, 1891), R. Lehmann, Sch. , etn Beitrig tur
1900). ]
Psychologic der Metaphysik (Berlin, 1894). [ W. Caldwell, S. 's System in iU Philosophical Significance (Lond. and N. Y. 18961. J. Volkelt, 8ck. (Stuttgart.
Appendix.
P. 573. Line 14. After the parenthesis, insert : —
v- to Schelling of J. P. V. Troxler (1780-1866, Xaturlchre des mensddidun Erkennens, 1828).
P. 585. Foot-note 2, add : —
Cf. A. Schoel, H. 's Philos. Lehre von der Religion (Dresden, 1884).
P. 586. Note 3. Line 7. Insert : —
The theory thus given its scientific foundation and development by nerbart became the point of departure for the whole pedagogical movement in Germany during the nineteenth century, whether the direction taken was one of friendly development or of hostile criticism. A literature of vast extent has been called out by it, for which histories of pedagogy may be consulted.
P. 588. Line 14 from foot. Affix to this the reference : —
Cf. Schopenhauer's essay On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, and his Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy (in Vol. II. of the Eng. tr. ).
P. 592. Line 9 from foot of the text. Affix the reference : — Cf. E. v. Hartmann, Ueber die dialektische Methode (Berlin, 1868).
P. 599. Line 21.
See . lac. Stilling in the Strassbwger Ooethevortrdgen (1890), pp. 149 ft
INDEX.
Note. — Figures enclosed in parentheses indicate pages of the text to which supplementary matter has been added in the Appendix. Thus, under " Abe- lard," 890 (275) indicates that on page 090 will be found material supplement ary to that on page 276.
Abbt,446.
Abelard, life and writings, 274, 090
(276) ; theory of universale (concep tualising 272, 294, 298 f. ; rational ism ana independence, 900 f. , 307 ; psychology, 300 f. ; ethics, 308 f. ; religion, 319.
Agricola, 364 f. , 360.
Absolute, applied to the Ideas, Plato, Agrippa (the Sceptic), 160, 163 ; his
1*28 ; to the pure Form, Aristotle, tropes, 201.
140 f. : to the One, Plotinus, 238 ; Agrippa of Nettesheim, 367, 373.
Abercrumbie, 629.
manticists, 611 ; Hegel's, 613; Scho penhauer's, 600, 622 ; Nietzsche's, 677 f.
Agnosticism, of Hamilton and Mansel, 638 ; of Spencer, 657, 669 ; see also Negative Theology and cf. 64C-660, 642.
to God, Anselm, 293 f. ; Schelling, Alanus, 276.
008, 017 f. ; unknowable, Hamilton, Albert of Bollstadt (Albertus Magnus),
638 ; and Spencer, 667.
Absolutism, political, 432 f.
Abstract ideas, see Ideas.
Abubacer, 317, 320.
Academicians, 104.
Academy, Older, 101, 103, 169, 687 Alcuin, 273.
(189) (see also under names of its d'Alembert, 442, 477, 652. adherent*) ; Middle, 103, 101 f. , 207 Alexander Aphrodisias, 161, 234, 338
(see also ArcesilausandCameades) ;
New. 103, 162.
Achiltini, 366.
Acosmism, 38.
Actual m. the potential, 140, 144, 140,
423 f.
Adaptation, 480 and note, 060, 068 f. Adelard of Bath, 274, 297.
U4+opm in Stoicism, 168, 173. iEgydius, 314.
jEnesidemus (the Sceptic), 160, 163; " his " tropes," 200 ; aporiss, 208.
jEnesidemus," see Schulze.
vEona. Gnostic, 244, 257 f.
■Machine*, 82.
Esthetic, transcendental, of Kant, 638-
641.
/Esthetics (see aluo Beauty), beginning
369.
Alexander of Hales, 313, 344. Alexander, 8. , 630.
Alexandria, 168, 213 Catechists, school
of, 214, 217.
Alexandrian Philosophy, 213 ff. see
also Neo-I'ylhagoreanism, Pbilo, Plo
tinus, etc.
Alexandrisls, 364 f. , 369.
Alexinus, 71, 89.
Alfarabi, 317.
Alfred de Sereshel, 344.
Algazel, 317.
Alhacen, 344.
Alkendl, 317.
Allegorical interpretation, 2*21 fi. A\\ol**tt and rtpi^opd as kiuds of
Altruism, Cumberland on, 436; origi nal or derived, 60H ff. evolutionary view of, »! . 'i9. 602; Feuerbarli, 671, 676 see Egoism.
of, in Aristotle, 163 ; Plotinus, 248 ;
of Bauingarten, 484 ; Diderot, 493 f. ;
Shaftesbury, 610 ; Home, 610 f. ;
Burke, 611 ; Sulzer, 611 ; Influence
on philosophy of German idealism,
630 ; Kant'*,' 660-604 ; Schiller's, Anialric. Auialricans, 313, 339, 690 600-4)02 ; Schelling'a, 607 ; of Ro- !
311, 313, 321, 326, 333, 340, 343 f,
487, 690 (313). Alchemy, 37:1 f.
Cf. Comte rendu des Siances des Ecoles Normales. Vol. 1.
P. 527. Line 11 from foot of text, add : —
By this definition of history the principles of investigation in natural science and those appropriate to history were no longer distinguished, and the contrast* between mechanical and teleological standpoints were obliterated in a way which necessarily called out the opposition of so keenly methodical a thinker at Kant. (Cf. his review of Herder's book, Ideas toward the Philosophy of the History of Mankind, in the Jen. Allg. Lilt. Ztg. , 1785. ) On the other band, i harmonising thought was thus won for the theory of the world, quite in accord with the Leibnizian Monadology, and this has remained as an influential posto late and a regulative idea for the further development of philosophy.
P. 529. Tothelit. ,add:—
E. von Hartmann, Die deutschc Aesthctik seit Kant (Berlin, 1886). wnliaa Schmidt, Geschichte der deutschen Litteratur von Leibnis bis auf unsertr ZtiL [Kuno Francke, Social Forces in German Literature, 2d ed. , N. Y. 1897. ]
P. 530. Line 8, add : —
Through this participation in the work of the highest culture, in which liten ture and philosophy gave each to the other furtherance toward the brilliant or ations of the time, the German people became anew a nation. In this it found
Appendix.
once more the essence of its genius ; from it sprang intellectual and moral forces through which, during the past century, it has been enabled to assert in the world the influence of this, its newly won nationality.
P. 532. To the lit, add : —
Fr. Paulsen, /. Kant, sein Leben und seine Lehre, Stuttgart, 1898.
P. 535. To the notice of Kant, add : —
His activity as a teacher extended not only over philosophical fields, but also to anthropology and physical geography ; and just in these, by his suggestive, discriminating, and brilliant exposition, his influence extended far beyond the bounds of the university. In society he was regarded with respect, and his fel low-citizens sought and found in him kindly instruction in all that excited gen eral interest.
P. 536. To the lit. , add : —
Among the publications of Kant's Lectures the most important are the Anthropologie (1798, and by Starcke, 1831) ; Logik (1800) ; Physische Geogra phic (1802-1803) ; Padagogik (1803} ; Metaphysik (by Pbiitz, 1821). [On this last, which is valuable for Kant's development, 1770-1780, see B. Erdmann in
comprising, I. Works, published by Kant himself ; 11. Correspondence ; III. Un published Manuscripts; IV. Lectures. Vols. Land II. of the Correspondence have appeared, ed. by Reicke (Berlin, 1900). ] The Kanl Studien, ed. by H.
Vaihinger (1896——), gives the most complete information regarding recent literature. [Recent translations are Kant's Cosmogony (Glasgow, 1900), by W. Mastie; Dreams of a Spirit Seer (Load, and N. Y. , 1900), by Goerwitz ; 77k* Inaugural Dissertation of 1770, by Eckhoff (N. Y. , 1894). ]
P. 537. To the lit. , add : —
E. Adickes, KanVs Systematik als systembildender Factor (Berlin, 1887), and Kantstudien (1894) ; E. Arnoldt, Kritische Excurse im Oebiet der Kantforschung, Kdnigsberg, 1894.
[J. G. Schurmann in Philos. Review, Vols. VII. , VIII. ]
P. 551. To the lit, add : —
A. Hegler, Die Psychologic in Kant's Ethik, Freiburg i. Br. 1891.
W. Korster. Der Entieicklungsgang der kantischen Ethik, Berlin, 1894.
P. 557. Line 18 from foot, insert as a new paragraph : —
"The Communion of Saints," on the contrary, the ethical and religious union of the human race, appears as the true highest good of the practical reason. This reaches far beyond the subjective and individual significance of a combination between virtue and hap piness, and has for its content the realisation of the moral law in the development of the human race — the Kingdom of God upon earth. (Cf. Critique of Judgment, §§ 85 ff. , Religion within the Bounds of Mere Reason, 3d part (I. 2 ff. ).
P. 559. Tothe lit. under § 40, add : —
[V. Batch, Essai critique sur rEsthltique ie Kant, Pari*, 1896. ]
695
Philos. Moiiatshefle, Vol. XIX. , and M. Heinze, A'. 's Vorlesungen fiber Metj, Leips. 1894. ] A critical complete edition, such as has long been needed, is being published by the Berlin Academy of Sciences. [This appears in four parts,
696 Appendix.
P. 564. Last line. To " fine art," attach as note . —
On the historical connections of the theories here developed by Kant withm the framework of his system, cf. P. Schlapp, Die Anfange der Kritik da
Oeschmacks und des Oenies (GOttingen, 1899).
P. 569. Line 14 from foot of text, add : —
Jacobi was in youth a friend of Goethe. He was a typical personality for the development of the German life of feeling in its transition from the time of
" Storm and Stress," over into the Romantic movement. He was the chief rep resentative of the principle of religious sentimentality. Cf. on his theory Fr. Harms (Berlin, 1876).
P. 570. Line 6. Add : —
On Beck, cf. W. Dllthey in Arch. f. Oesch. d. Philo$. , II. 592 ff. On Maimot, cf. A. MSlzner (Greifswald, 1890).
P. 570. Line 18. To the notice of Reinhold, add : —
He was an ardent, but not an independent, man. His capacity to appreciate and adopt the work of another, and a certain skill in formulation, enabled him to render the Kantian philosophy a great service which was not, however, with out its drawbacks. In this consisted the importance of his Jena period.
P. 570. Line 33. To the lit. on Schiller, add : —
G. Geil, Sch. 's Verhaltniss zur kantischen EtMk, Strassburg. 1888 ; K. Gneisse, Sch. 's Lehre von der aslhetischen Wahrnehmung, Berlin, 1893; K. Bergec, Die Enturicklung von Sch. 's Aesthelik, Weimar, 1893; E. Kubne- mann, Kant's und Sch. 's Begrundung der Aesthelik, Munich, 1895.
P. 570. Line 14 from foot. To the notice of Fichte, add : —
As he worked his own way out of difficult conditions with great energy, so his whole life was filled with a thirst for achievement and for the improvement of the world. He seeks to reform life, and especially the life of students and universities, by the principles of Kant's teaching. It is as orator and preacher that he finds his most efficient activity. High-flying plans, without regard to the actual conditions and often, perhaps, without sufficient knowledge of the data, form the content of his restless efforts, in which his "Philosophy of the Will" incorporates itself. The dauntless and self-forgetful character of bis idealism it evidenced above all in his " Addresses to the German Nation " (1807), in which he called his people with ardent patriotism to return to their true inner nature, to moral reform, and thereby to political freedom. [To the Eng. tr. has been added the Science of Ethics, by Kroeger, 1897 . J
P. 571. Line 8. To the notice of Schelling, add: —
In his personality the predominant factor is the combining capacity which is shown by an imagination that received satisfaction and stimulation on evert side. Religion and art, natural science and history, presented to him the rick material through which he was able to vitalise the systematic form which Kau and Fichte had constructed, and to bring it into living and fruitful connect** with many other interests. But this explains the fact that he seems to be involved in a continuous reconstruction of his theory, while he himself supposed that be Was retaining the same fundamental standpoint from the beginning to tbe end of his work. (Cf. the lectures by K. Rosenkranz, Danzig, 1843) ; L. Noaek; A*. und die Philos. der Romantik, Berlin, 1859; E. v. Hartmann, Sch. 's pontin Philosophic Berlin, 18(59 ; R Zimmermann, Sch. 'sPhilvsuphiejderKuntt. ViewDSu 1876; C. Frantz, Sch. 's positive Philosophic, Cethen, 1879 f. ; Fr. Schaper, Sch. 's Philos. der Mythologie und der Offenbarung, Nauen, 188&f.
Appendix. 697
P. 571. Line 33. Insert: —
J. J. WagMr (1776-1841, System der IdealpMloiophie, 1804, Organon der menschlichen Erkenntniu, 1830).
P. 571. Line 4 from foot. To the notice of Hegel, add : —
Hegel wm of a thoroughly didactic nature, with a tendency to schematise.
An extremely rich and thorough knowledge, which was deeper and more com prehensive in the realms of history than in those of natural science, was ordered and arranged in his thought according to a great systematic plan. Imagination and practical ends fall far into the background in his life, in comparison with the purely intellectual need of comprehending all human knowledge as a histori cal necessity and a connected whole. This didactic uniformity appears also in the construction of his terminology, and has both its good and its bad side. Cf. H. Ulricl, Ueber Prineip und Uethode der H. Schen Philos. (Leips. 1841); P. Bartb, Die Oeschichtsphilos. H. 's (Leips. 1890). [Recent translations of Phi losophy of Mind, by W. Wallace, Clar. Press, 1804 ; Philosophy of Religion, by Speirs and Sanderson, Lond. 1805 ; Philosophy of Right, by S. W. Dyde, 1896. Cf. J. MacTaggart, Studies in the Hegelian Dialectic, 1896 ; G. Noel, La Log- ique de H. , Paris, 1897. ] Kuno Fischer's work on Hegel is now in press as the 8tb vol. of the "Jubilee Edition" of his Geschichte der neueren Philosophic, and has progressed in its brilliant exposition so far as to include the Logic.
P. 572. To the notice of Schleiermacher, add : —
Schlelermacher's kindly nature, which was particularly skilful in fine and delicate adjustments, is developed especially in the attempt to harmonise the aesthetic and philosophical culture of his time with the religious consciousness.
With delicate hand he wove connecting threads between the two, and removed in the sphere of feeling the opposition which prevailed between the respective theories and conceptions. Cf. I>. Schenkel, Sch. , Elberfeld, 1868 ; W. Diltbey, Lehcn Schl. 's, Bd. I. Berlin, 1870 ; A. Kitsch), Sch. 's Reden ub. d. Rel. , Bonn, 1876 ; F. Bachmann, Die Entwicklung der Elhik Schl. 's, Leips. 1892. [Eng. tr. of the On Religion, by Oman (Lond. 1893). J
P. 572. To the notice of Herbart, add : —
Herbarl's philosophical activity was conspicuous for its keenness in concept ual thought and for its polemic energy. Whatever he lacked in wealth of per ceptual material and in aesthetic mobility was made up by an earnest disposition and a lofty, calm, and clear conception of life. His rigorously scientific manner made him for a long time a successful opponent of the dialectical tendency in philosophy.
P. 573. Line 4. To the notice of Schopenhauer, add : —
Of the recent editions of his works the most carefully edited is that of E. Grisebach. Schopenhauer's peculiar, contradictory personality and also his teaching have been most deeply apprehended by Kuno Fischer (9th vol. of the Geseh. d. neueren Phllos. , 2d ed. , 1898).
His capriciously passionate character was joined with a genius and freedom of intellectuality which enabled him to survey and comprise within one view a great wealth of learning and information, and at the same time to present with artistic completeness the view of the world and of life which he had thus found. As one of the greatest philosophical writers, Schopenhauer has exercised the strongest influence through his skill in formulation and his language, which is free from all the pedantry of learning, and appeals to the cultivated mind with brilliant suggestiveness. If be deceived himself as to his historical position in the Post-Kantian philosophy, and thereby brought himself into an almost pathological solitariness, be has nevertheless given to many fundamental thoughts of this whole development their most fortunate and effective form. Cf. W. Wallace, Sch. (London, 1891), R. Lehmann, Sch. , etn Beitrig tur
1900). ]
Psychologic der Metaphysik (Berlin, 1894). [ W. Caldwell, S. 's System in iU Philosophical Significance (Lond. and N. Y. 18961. J. Volkelt, 8ck. (Stuttgart.
Appendix.
P. 573. Line 14. After the parenthesis, insert : —
v- to Schelling of J. P. V. Troxler (1780-1866, Xaturlchre des mensddidun Erkennens, 1828).
P. 585. Foot-note 2, add : —
Cf. A. Schoel, H. 's Philos. Lehre von der Religion (Dresden, 1884).
P. 586. Note 3. Line 7. Insert : —
The theory thus given its scientific foundation and development by nerbart became the point of departure for the whole pedagogical movement in Germany during the nineteenth century, whether the direction taken was one of friendly development or of hostile criticism. A literature of vast extent has been called out by it, for which histories of pedagogy may be consulted.
P. 588. Line 14 from foot. Affix to this the reference : —
Cf. Schopenhauer's essay On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason, and his Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy (in Vol. II. of the Eng. tr. ).
P. 592. Line 9 from foot of the text. Affix the reference : — Cf. E. v. Hartmann, Ueber die dialektische Methode (Berlin, 1868).
P. 599. Line 21.
See . lac. Stilling in the Strassbwger Ooethevortrdgen (1890), pp. 149 ft
INDEX.
Note. — Figures enclosed in parentheses indicate pages of the text to which supplementary matter has been added in the Appendix. Thus, under " Abe- lard," 890 (275) indicates that on page 090 will be found material supplement ary to that on page 276.
Abbt,446.
Abelard, life and writings, 274, 090
(276) ; theory of universale (concep tualising 272, 294, 298 f. ; rational ism ana independence, 900 f. , 307 ; psychology, 300 f. ; ethics, 308 f. ; religion, 319.
Agricola, 364 f. , 360.
Absolute, applied to the Ideas, Plato, Agrippa (the Sceptic), 160, 163 ; his
1*28 ; to the pure Form, Aristotle, tropes, 201.
140 f. : to the One, Plotinus, 238 ; Agrippa of Nettesheim, 367, 373.
Abercrumbie, 629.
manticists, 611 ; Hegel's, 613; Scho penhauer's, 600, 622 ; Nietzsche's, 677 f.
Agnosticism, of Hamilton and Mansel, 638 ; of Spencer, 657, 669 ; see also Negative Theology and cf. 64C-660, 642.
to God, Anselm, 293 f. ; Schelling, Alanus, 276.
008, 017 f. ; unknowable, Hamilton, Albert of Bollstadt (Albertus Magnus),
638 ; and Spencer, 667.
Absolutism, political, 432 f.
Abstract ideas, see Ideas.
Abubacer, 317, 320.
Academicians, 104.
Academy, Older, 101, 103, 169, 687 Alcuin, 273.
(189) (see also under names of its d'Alembert, 442, 477, 652. adherent*) ; Middle, 103, 101 f. , 207 Alexander Aphrodisias, 161, 234, 338
(see also ArcesilausandCameades) ;
New. 103, 162.
Achiltini, 366.
Acosmism, 38.
Actual m. the potential, 140, 144, 140,
423 f.
Adaptation, 480 and note, 060, 068 f. Adelard of Bath, 274, 297.
U4+opm in Stoicism, 168, 173. iEgydius, 314.
jEnesidemus (the Sceptic), 160, 163; " his " tropes," 200 ; aporiss, 208.
jEnesidemus," see Schulze.
vEona. Gnostic, 244, 257 f.
■Machine*, 82.
Esthetic, transcendental, of Kant, 638-
641.
/Esthetics (see aluo Beauty), beginning
369.
Alexander of Hales, 313, 344. Alexander, 8. , 630.
Alexandria, 168, 213 Catechists, school
of, 214, 217.
Alexandrian Philosophy, 213 ff. see
also Neo-I'ylhagoreanism, Pbilo, Plo
tinus, etc.
Alexandrisls, 364 f. , 369.
Alexinus, 71, 89.
Alfarabi, 317.
Alfred de Sereshel, 344.
Algazel, 317.
Alhacen, 344.
Alkendl, 317.
Allegorical interpretation, 2*21 fi. A\\ol**tt and rtpi^opd as kiuds of
Altruism, Cumberland on, 436; origi nal or derived, 60H ff. evolutionary view of, »! . 'i9. 602; Feuerbarli, 671, 676 see Egoism.
of, in Aristotle, 163 ; Plotinus, 248 ;
of Bauingarten, 484 ; Diderot, 493 f. ;
Shaftesbury, 610 ; Home, 610 f. ;
Burke, 611 ; Sulzer, 611 ; Influence
on philosophy of German idealism,
630 ; Kant'*,' 660-604 ; Schiller's, Anialric. Auialricans, 313, 339, 690 600-4)02 ; Schelling'a, 607 ; of Ro- !
311, 313, 321, 326, 333, 340, 343 f,
487, 690 (313). Alchemy, 37:1 f.
