Its
regulation
by Caesar,
ii.
ii.
The history of Rome; tr. with the sanction of the ... v.5. Mommsen, Theodor, 1817-1903
.
»
L. Aemilius Paullus [consul, 538], ii. aao, Aerarium, 137. After the abolition of
[consul, 677J, iv. 269
M. Aemilius Lepidus [consul, 567, 579],
ii. 416, 418
M. Aemilius Lepidus Porcina (consul,
617}, defeated by the Vaccaei, iii. 229.
Orator, vs. 215
M. Aemilius Lepidus [consul, 676], his
Remained faithful to the Romans in the Social war, iii. 502-509. Conquered, iii. 510 and held by the Samnites, iii. 524. Conquered by Sulla (1% «*• 91 «. and laid desolate, iv. 108
Aesis, iv. 85. Boundary of Italy, ii. 990; iv. 122 ft.
party-position, iv. vZof. Preparations Aesopus, actor, v. 384
for civil war, iv. 287-290. Insurrection, Aestimatio, derived from ass, 25» iv. 290 Defeat and death, iv. 291 Aes uxarium, 66
M. Aemilius Lepidus, Caesar's city- Aethalia, occupied by the Hellenes, 178, prefect, v. a18 416. Wrested from them by the Etrus
If. Aemilius Scaun1s [consul, 639 censor, cans, 181. Iron of, 182
645], leader of the aristocracy, iii. 376, Aetna, ii. 169
393/. 475t 4*4. 503- His character, Aetolians, 169 «. it 215, 217, 397.
titude to the proposals of Drusus, ni. 483. His roads, bridges, and drainage, iv. 167, 170
M. Aemilius Scaurus, adjutant of Pom. peius, Iv. 429. /:, 430
Aenus, ii. 417, 465, 486, 510
teacher of Roman literature, iv. 216, 252 Aemilii, clan-village, 45. heir descent,
286-290
L. Aemilius Paullus [consul, 572, 586], ii.
390 m. Opposed to Perseus, 505
His incorruptibility, iii. 31. His de
meanour to the provincials, iii. 33. Aeschylus, iii. 167
Carries Greek art -treasures to Rome, iii. Aesculanus, god of copper, H. 70
soft. His austerity, iii. 18, 42. His Aesculapius, early worshipped in Rome, estate, iii. 89. Augur, ii1. 112. His -230f. Brought thither from Epi- Hellenic culture, iii. 209 iv. 212 daurus, ii. 71. Temple of, in Carthage,
L. Aemilius Regillus [praetor, 564], 462 iii. 248, 257 at Epidaurus, iv. 40 a1 Maraercus Aemilius, Roman commander Pergamus, iv. 53
in the Social war, iii. 526 Aeseput, river, iv. 328
Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus Aesernia, colonized, ii. 39. Ius of, il. 52 m.
conflicts with Rome, 135.
by the Romans, 444 The league dissolved, 484
Aequicuh, 47 444 n.
Aerarii, settlers paying tribute for pro
tection, 1. I21
the monarchy legally under the contra, of the quaestors nominated by, and n presenting, the consuls, 322, 338
Aeropus, ii. 428
Subdued
i.
i.
i. i. ;
:
i.
/,i. i.
ii.
;
;
ii. f.
I.
i.
ii.
i.
i.
i.
i.
f.
in ii.
i.
i. i.
;
;
;
ii.
;
;
i.
f.
;: i.
i.
i.
1 i. i. ;
ii. ;
i. ;
i.
Attitude to Rome In second Funic war, ii- 215-219- Position thereafter, ii. 404. Share in the war with Philip, ii. 409, 410, 420, 421, 42*-430. 433, 435- Treat ment by the Romans, ii. 437. /. Quar rel w1th Rome, and share in the war with Antiochus, ii. 451, 452, 456, 457, 764, 765. Attitude during the war with Perseus, ii. 495-498, 5" f. , 517- Aetolia, a recruiting-ground, ii. 16a
L. Afranius, poet, iv. 230.
L. Afranius, lieutenant of Pompeius in the
Sertorian war, iv. 296. Subdues the Arabs, iv. 429. Triumph, as governor of Cisalpine Gaul, v. 103. In Spain, v. 219. Stain by Caesar's soldiers, v. 300
T. Afranius. Ses Lafrenius.
AJri, i. 185 n.
Africa, before the time of the Gracchi,
iii. 237-260. Made a province, iii. 258. /C Relations after the battle of Pharsalus, v. 269. In the hands of the Pompeians,
5*»
tion of the farmer-class, 245, 343-346* Improvement in the relations of credit, 389-393. Recurrence of the old evils,
iii. 79, 82, 07-100. Condition of, before and at the time of the Gracchi, iii. 304/, 312/ iv. 171/ Revival by the Grac chi, iii 335/ iv. 172. Condition after the Gracchan revolution, iii. 380 Colonizations of Sulla, iv. 17s. In the time of Caesar, v. 377/, 382/, 403. Differences in different parts of Italy, iii. 490 /,, 501. Differences In the provinces, iii- 304-308 iv. 172. Esti mated produce, iii. 81 n. Carthaginian estate - farming, ii. 138. Writings oa agriculture, iii. 194. Compare Soil, division of; Grain.
Agrigentum founded, 28, 145, 156. Oc cupied by the Carthaginians in second Punic war, ii. 31 1. Colonised afresh by the Romans, ii. 314. Occupied by Cleon, iii. 310. Conquered by the Carthagin ians, 166, 183. Besieged and occu pied by the Romans in the first Punic war, ii. 171-/.
Agrius, son of Ulysses and Circe, 17*
v. 301
Agatha, iii, 415
Agathocles, of Syracuse, i. 418, 478, 491 ; Agron, ii. 218.
go ,t la, 209 Agrarian Laws. See
Agrariae
1v. 291. Colonized, 484.
315 514
INDEX
v. 285-290.
Its regulation by Caesar,
ii. 18, 28, 145, 161. Takes the Mamer- Agylla, Phoenician name of Caere,
163
tines into his pay, ii. 18-
arrival of Pyrrhus, 16
Agnati and Gtntilt1, distinction between,
i. 78
Agnone, 146 Agonal la, soy
mercenaries, ii. 163
Agedincum, v. 79, 86, 87
Agelaus, of Nau partus, ii.
Agepolis, Rhodian envoy,
Ager GalUcus, 434 iii. 99
A get publico*. See Domains
Agesipolis, 438
Ag1s, commander in Tarentum before
Akragas. See Agrigentum
A la* sociorum, 440 n,
Alaesa, 171, 211 «. , 213
Alalia, Etruscan, 187. Battle at, 184/,
413; 134
Alba, 48. Oldest can ton -community In
Latium, 49. President of the Latin league, 50, 51. Subdued by Rome,
His armies of Aiax, name, whence derived, 258 Aiorix, iii. 276 n.
iii. 361 Surprised Agriculture, Its original home, 81. by the AequI, 486. Adheres to Rome
Domains,
Leges
More recent than the Indo-Germanic in Social war, iii. 502, 509.
culture, 19, so. Known to the Graecc- Alban Lake, 48. Outfall of, 49, 30s Italians, 23-27. Basis of the whole Alban Mount, 48, 50
Italian economy, 61, 236. Priestly
supervision, 226. Kinds of produce,
iii. 64 «. , 66/ {compare Spelt Wheat).
Defective management, but unwearied
diligence, 243. Employment ofslaves
(see Slaves). Free labourers, iii. 70.
Later estate-farming, iii. 65-82. Hus Album, 280.
bandry of the petty farmers, iii. 74. In Alcamenes, Achaean general, iii. 969 solvency of the landholders and diminu Alchaudonius, Arab prince, iv. 4*3
125 Semblance of existence after destruction, 128. Dictator there, 442 ». At the time of its fall, under annual dictators, 442 tt.
Rome, iii. 242
Alba, on the Fucine Lake, ii. 507
Albanians, u as. iii. 425
Albanians in the Caucasus, iv. 413-4x6 Albinovanns, iv. 87
Albinus. See Postum1us
Sutius Albius Oppianicus, Iv. 104
T. Aibucius, Epicurean, iv. so1
Opposes
1.
f. i. ii. it i. i.
i.
i. i. i.
i. i. i. it
;
i.
i.
ii.
i. ;
i.
i. i.
I.
1.
i. l.
;
;
i.
;
1.
i.
i.
1.
i. i.
ii
A
; i.
f.
i.
i. ;
ii.
i.
;
i.
Alc1bUdes, ii. 87, 9s, 144
Aleria conquered, ii. 177
Alesia besieged by Caesar, v. 86-91 Aletrium, 485
Alexainenus, ii. 45a
Alexander the Great, his relat1ons to the
west, ii. 1f. , 43 n. Political value of his enterprises in the east, ii. 45, 396, 999; v. 100/
History of the Greek alphabet, I. 274 n. Its older form among the Italian Achaeans, i. 170. More recent in the Iono-Doric colonies, i. 173 n. Etruscan and Latin alphabets both derived from the Greek, i. 258, 272-277. Develop ment of, in Italy, i. 277-283. Latin, regulated with the progress of culture, ii 114^ Adjusted by Carvilius, adopt ing the -'g," and rejecting the "a," iii.
319, 515
Alexander Jaunaeus, iv. 316
Alexander the Molossian, general of
Tarentum, conquers the Lucanians, Samnites, Daunians, and Messapians, *, 465^ Breaks with the Tarentines, 466. H1s plan to unite all the Italian Greeks, 466. Death, 466
Alexander, the pretended son of Perseus,
lit 263.
Alexander, son of King Aristobulus, iv.
448
Alexander, son of Pyrrhus, ii. 31 Alexander Polyhistor, v. 460
Alexandria in Egypt, ii. 400, 516; iii. 122.
Insurrection against Caesar, v. 275-281 Alexandria Troas, ii. 260, 446, 453 Alexandrinism, Greek, v. 463. /C, 479 Alexandrinism, Roman, iv. 259; v. 465-
4»>, 479
Sex. Alfenus, Roman knight, proscribed
by Sulla, Iv. 104 n.
C. Alfius [pnetor, 698I v. 123
Allia, battle on the, 428
Allies, Italian, bound to furnish naval or
writing of double consonants, iii, 192. Carried by the Etruscans to the Celts and Alpine peoples, i. 435. Libyan, ii. 141 n. Iberian, ii. 235
Alps, passes from Gaul to Italy, L 423 «. ; ii. 257-259. Passage by Hannibal, 259-264. Peoples ofthe, before Caesar's time, iii. 425 attacked by the Romans, v. 103
Alsium, 1. 178. Primitive tombs there, 252, 30a
Amanus, v. 288
Amasia, iv. 332
Amastris, iv. 26, 333
Ambacti, derivation of the word, ▼. so,
21 ft.
Amber-route from Baltic to Mediterranean,
162
Ambiatus, king of the Bituriges, 423 Ambiorix, king of the Eburones, v. 68 f. ,
73
Ambitus, law aga1nst, 377 iii. 302
Ambracia, ii. 476, 501. Captured by Pyrrhus,
Ameria, city chronicle of, 1i. 103 Amici, iii. 91
HISTORY OF ROME
Alexander I. , of Egypt, iv.
Alexander II. , of Egypt, his will, he. 316, 191. Ennius introduces the double
military contingents, ii. 53, 54. In the
Hannibalic war, ii. 345 f. Diminution
of their rights thereafter, iii. 24 And
increasing oppression, iii. 25. Acquisi Amida, iv. 338
tion of Roman franchise made more
difficult, iii. 27. Relations to Rome in
time of Gracchi, iii. 361. /C Later, iii.
485-489. Their war with Rome, iii.
490-520 iv. 62. Bestowal of franchise Amiternum, Sabine town, obtains crritms after see Civitas. Italians abroad,
Iv. 177, 190; v. 394. /C Compare Latin
League
Allobroges, ii. 259/. ; iii. 417. /C, 443. Be
tray the Catiiinariar,s, iv. 480. Insur Anagnia, 481, 484^; ii. 23
rection and subjugation, v. 10. Their
towns, v. 14
Almonds, lii. 65 m.
Aloe, iii. 65 m.
Alphabet, whethera Phoenician invention,
Anaitis, temple of, in Elymais, iv.
L. Aemilius Paullus [consul, 538], ii. aao, Aerarium, 137. After the abolition of
[consul, 677J, iv. 269
M. Aemilius Lepidus [consul, 567, 579],
ii. 416, 418
M. Aemilius Lepidus Porcina (consul,
617}, defeated by the Vaccaei, iii. 229.
Orator, vs. 215
M. Aemilius Lepidus [consul, 676], his
Remained faithful to the Romans in the Social war, iii. 502-509. Conquered, iii. 510 and held by the Samnites, iii. 524. Conquered by Sulla (1% «*• 91 «. and laid desolate, iv. 108
Aesis, iv. 85. Boundary of Italy, ii. 990; iv. 122 ft.
party-position, iv. vZof. Preparations Aesopus, actor, v. 384
for civil war, iv. 287-290. Insurrection, Aestimatio, derived from ass, 25» iv. 290 Defeat and death, iv. 291 Aes uxarium, 66
M. Aemilius Lepidus, Caesar's city- Aethalia, occupied by the Hellenes, 178, prefect, v. a18 416. Wrested from them by the Etrus
If. Aemilius Scaun1s [consul, 639 censor, cans, 181. Iron of, 182
645], leader of the aristocracy, iii. 376, Aetna, ii. 169
393/. 475t 4*4. 503- His character, Aetolians, 169 «. it 215, 217, 397.
titude to the proposals of Drusus, ni. 483. His roads, bridges, and drainage, iv. 167, 170
M. Aemilius Scaurus, adjutant of Pom. peius, Iv. 429. /:, 430
Aenus, ii. 417, 465, 486, 510
teacher of Roman literature, iv. 216, 252 Aemilii, clan-village, 45. heir descent,
286-290
L. Aemilius Paullus [consul, 572, 586], ii.
390 m. Opposed to Perseus, 505
His incorruptibility, iii. 31. His de
meanour to the provincials, iii. 33. Aeschylus, iii. 167
Carries Greek art -treasures to Rome, iii. Aesculanus, god of copper, H. 70
soft. His austerity, iii. 18, 42. His Aesculapius, early worshipped in Rome, estate, iii. 89. Augur, ii1. 112. His -230f. Brought thither from Epi- Hellenic culture, iii. 209 iv. 212 daurus, ii. 71. Temple of, in Carthage,
L. Aemilius Regillus [praetor, 564], 462 iii. 248, 257 at Epidaurus, iv. 40 a1 Maraercus Aemilius, Roman commander Pergamus, iv. 53
in the Social war, iii. 526 Aeseput, river, iv. 328
Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus Aesernia, colonized, ii. 39. Ius of, il. 52 m.
conflicts with Rome, 135.
by the Romans, 444 The league dissolved, 484
Aequicuh, 47 444 n.
Aerarii, settlers paying tribute for pro
tection, 1. I21
the monarchy legally under the contra, of the quaestors nominated by, and n presenting, the consuls, 322, 338
Aeropus, ii. 428
Subdued
i.
i.
i. i. ;
:
i.
/,i. i.
ii.
;
;
ii. f.
I.
i.
ii.
i.
i.
i.
i.
f.
in ii.
i.
i. i.
;
;
;
ii.
;
;
i.
f.
;: i.
i.
i.
1 i. i. ;
ii. ;
i. ;
i.
Attitude to Rome In second Funic war, ii- 215-219- Position thereafter, ii. 404. Share in the war with Philip, ii. 409, 410, 420, 421, 42*-430. 433, 435- Treat ment by the Romans, ii. 437. /. Quar rel w1th Rome, and share in the war with Antiochus, ii. 451, 452, 456, 457, 764, 765. Attitude during the war with Perseus, ii. 495-498, 5" f. , 517- Aetolia, a recruiting-ground, ii. 16a
L. Afranius, poet, iv. 230.
L. Afranius, lieutenant of Pompeius in the
Sertorian war, iv. 296. Subdues the Arabs, iv. 429. Triumph, as governor of Cisalpine Gaul, v. 103. In Spain, v. 219. Stain by Caesar's soldiers, v. 300
T. Afranius. Ses Lafrenius.
AJri, i. 185 n.
Africa, before the time of the Gracchi,
iii. 237-260. Made a province, iii. 258. /C Relations after the battle of Pharsalus, v. 269. In the hands of the Pompeians,
5*»
tion of the farmer-class, 245, 343-346* Improvement in the relations of credit, 389-393. Recurrence of the old evils,
iii. 79, 82, 07-100. Condition of, before and at the time of the Gracchi, iii. 304/, 312/ iv. 171/ Revival by the Grac chi, iii 335/ iv. 172. Condition after the Gracchan revolution, iii. 380 Colonizations of Sulla, iv. 17s. In the time of Caesar, v. 377/, 382/, 403. Differences in different parts of Italy, iii. 490 /,, 501. Differences In the provinces, iii- 304-308 iv. 172. Esti mated produce, iii. 81 n. Carthaginian estate - farming, ii. 138. Writings oa agriculture, iii. 194. Compare Soil, division of; Grain.
Agrigentum founded, 28, 145, 156. Oc cupied by the Carthaginians in second Punic war, ii. 31 1. Colonised afresh by the Romans, ii. 314. Occupied by Cleon, iii. 310. Conquered by the Carthagin ians, 166, 183. Besieged and occu pied by the Romans in the first Punic war, ii. 171-/.
Agrius, son of Ulysses and Circe, 17*
v. 301
Agatha, iii, 415
Agathocles, of Syracuse, i. 418, 478, 491 ; Agron, ii. 218.
go ,t la, 209 Agrarian Laws. See
Agrariae
1v. 291. Colonized, 484.
315 514
INDEX
v. 285-290.
Its regulation by Caesar,
ii. 18, 28, 145, 161. Takes the Mamer- Agylla, Phoenician name of Caere,
163
tines into his pay, ii. 18-
arrival of Pyrrhus, 16
Agnati and Gtntilt1, distinction between,
i. 78
Agnone, 146 Agonal la, soy
mercenaries, ii. 163
Agedincum, v. 79, 86, 87
Agelaus, of Nau partus, ii.
Agepolis, Rhodian envoy,
Ager GalUcus, 434 iii. 99
A get publico*. See Domains
Agesipolis, 438
Ag1s, commander in Tarentum before
Akragas. See Agrigentum
A la* sociorum, 440 n,
Alaesa, 171, 211 «. , 213
Alalia, Etruscan, 187. Battle at, 184/,
413; 134
Alba, 48. Oldest can ton -community In
Latium, 49. President of the Latin league, 50, 51. Subdued by Rome,
His armies of Aiax, name, whence derived, 258 Aiorix, iii. 276 n.
iii. 361 Surprised Agriculture, Its original home, 81. by the AequI, 486. Adheres to Rome
Domains,
Leges
More recent than the Indo-Germanic in Social war, iii. 502, 509.
culture, 19, so. Known to the Graecc- Alban Lake, 48. Outfall of, 49, 30s Italians, 23-27. Basis of the whole Alban Mount, 48, 50
Italian economy, 61, 236. Priestly
supervision, 226. Kinds of produce,
iii. 64 «. , 66/ {compare Spelt Wheat).
Defective management, but unwearied
diligence, 243. Employment ofslaves
(see Slaves). Free labourers, iii. 70.
Later estate-farming, iii. 65-82. Hus Album, 280.
bandry of the petty farmers, iii. 74. In Alcamenes, Achaean general, iii. 969 solvency of the landholders and diminu Alchaudonius, Arab prince, iv. 4*3
125 Semblance of existence after destruction, 128. Dictator there, 442 ». At the time of its fall, under annual dictators, 442 tt.
Rome, iii. 242
Alba, on the Fucine Lake, ii. 507
Albanians, u as. iii. 425
Albanians in the Caucasus, iv. 413-4x6 Albinovanns, iv. 87
Albinus. See Postum1us
Sutius Albius Oppianicus, Iv. 104
T. Aibucius, Epicurean, iv. so1
Opposes
1.
f. i. ii. it i. i.
i.
i. i. i.
i. i. i. it
;
i.
i.
ii.
i. ;
i.
i. i.
I.
1.
i. l.
;
;
i.
;
1.
i.
i.
1.
i. i.
ii
A
; i.
f.
i.
i. ;
ii.
i.
;
i.
Alc1bUdes, ii. 87, 9s, 144
Aleria conquered, ii. 177
Alesia besieged by Caesar, v. 86-91 Aletrium, 485
Alexainenus, ii. 45a
Alexander the Great, his relat1ons to the
west, ii. 1f. , 43 n. Political value of his enterprises in the east, ii. 45, 396, 999; v. 100/
History of the Greek alphabet, I. 274 n. Its older form among the Italian Achaeans, i. 170. More recent in the Iono-Doric colonies, i. 173 n. Etruscan and Latin alphabets both derived from the Greek, i. 258, 272-277. Develop ment of, in Italy, i. 277-283. Latin, regulated with the progress of culture, ii 114^ Adjusted by Carvilius, adopt ing the -'g," and rejecting the "a," iii.
319, 515
Alexander Jaunaeus, iv. 316
Alexander the Molossian, general of
Tarentum, conquers the Lucanians, Samnites, Daunians, and Messapians, *, 465^ Breaks with the Tarentines, 466. H1s plan to unite all the Italian Greeks, 466. Death, 466
Alexander, the pretended son of Perseus,
lit 263.
Alexander, son of King Aristobulus, iv.
448
Alexander, son of Pyrrhus, ii. 31 Alexander Polyhistor, v. 460
Alexandria in Egypt, ii. 400, 516; iii. 122.
Insurrection against Caesar, v. 275-281 Alexandria Troas, ii. 260, 446, 453 Alexandrinism, Greek, v. 463. /C, 479 Alexandrinism, Roman, iv. 259; v. 465-
4»>, 479
Sex. Alfenus, Roman knight, proscribed
by Sulla, Iv. 104 n.
C. Alfius [pnetor, 698I v. 123
Allia, battle on the, 428
Allies, Italian, bound to furnish naval or
writing of double consonants, iii, 192. Carried by the Etruscans to the Celts and Alpine peoples, i. 435. Libyan, ii. 141 n. Iberian, ii. 235
Alps, passes from Gaul to Italy, L 423 «. ; ii. 257-259. Passage by Hannibal, 259-264. Peoples ofthe, before Caesar's time, iii. 425 attacked by the Romans, v. 103
Alsium, 1. 178. Primitive tombs there, 252, 30a
Amanus, v. 288
Amasia, iv. 332
Amastris, iv. 26, 333
Ambacti, derivation of the word, ▼. so,
21 ft.
Amber-route from Baltic to Mediterranean,
162
Ambiatus, king of the Bituriges, 423 Ambiorix, king of the Eburones, v. 68 f. ,
73
Ambitus, law aga1nst, 377 iii. 302
Ambracia, ii. 476, 501. Captured by Pyrrhus,
Ameria, city chronicle of, 1i. 103 Amici, iii. 91
HISTORY OF ROME
Alexander I. , of Egypt, iv.
Alexander II. , of Egypt, his will, he. 316, 191. Ennius introduces the double
military contingents, ii. 53, 54. In the
Hannibalic war, ii. 345 f. Diminution
of their rights thereafter, iii. 24 And
increasing oppression, iii. 25. Acquisi Amida, iv. 338
tion of Roman franchise made more
difficult, iii. 27. Relations to Rome in
time of Gracchi, iii. 361. /C Later, iii.
485-489. Their war with Rome, iii.
490-520 iv. 62. Bestowal of franchise Amiternum, Sabine town, obtains crritms after see Civitas. Italians abroad,
Iv. 177, 190; v. 394. /C Compare Latin
League
Allobroges, ii. 259/. ; iii. 417. /C, 443. Be
tray the Catiiinariar,s, iv. 480. Insur Anagnia, 481, 484^; ii. 23
rection and subjugation, v. 10. Their
towns, v. 14
Almonds, lii. 65 m.
Aloe, iii. 65 m.
Alphabet, whethera Phoenician invention,
Anaitis, temple of, in Elymais, iv.
