No More Learning

London, Henry Abinge, Cobham, Will. Grey, Tallbot, Fitzwa ters, William Windesor, Bray, Thom. Wentworthe, John St. John, Riche, Wil liam Willoughby, Francis Russell, Fitz warrin, Fitzgerald, Strange, Thomas Gray, Chenye, William Bu, Richard Cotton, John Gate, Will. Petres, W. Cecille, John Cheek, Roger Cholmeley, Edward Monta gue, Henry Bradschawe, John Bakere, Hom
Brown, Henry Portman, Robart Bowis,
Ja. Masone, Sadler, Rich. Sakeingle,
Edward Northe, Sentleger, Will. Paget,
Tho. Wrothe, Henry Sydney, Morris Bark
ley, N. Throgluorton, Ric. Blount, Henri
Gage, Ric. Southwell, John Williams, Henri
Norres, Antoni Browne, James Dyer, John
Gosnold, Will. Fitzwilliam, Willm. Croke,
Henry Newiil.
ūeorge Barne, Mayor.
John Greslam, Andrew Judde, Ric. Dob byx, W. Larnselle, Augustin Hinde, John Lambarde, Thomas Ofiley, Will. Garrard,
Lawranc Wether, Edward Rogeres, Adrian Poinings, P'one Will. Huitt, Bret, Pine
William Chester, Antony Browne, John Raynford, Ro. Southwell, By me Thomas Zodge, Thomas Bowere, Fmanuel Zucar, John Wither, Wm. Bury, Richard Mallorye,
Willian, Knight, William Gyfford, Ric,
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761] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. —Arraignment of Duke Suffolk. [762
Mem. This true Copy Edward the 6th's with, case the princess Mary ascended the Will taken out the Original under the throne aster him and that was, settle the Great Seal which Robert otton delivered crown the lady Jane Grey his daughter-in
the King's Majesty the 17th April 1611 law. Indeed was natural excluding Mary, Royston cancelled. transfer the crown her sister Elizabeth, whom the king tenderly loved, and who was Rapin's Account the making this In hearty friend the reformation. But pro strument follows: ‘bably the duke told the king, that could “Meanwhile Edward was still troubled with not set aside Mary but the specious pre
defluction upon lungs, which wasted him tence her being illegitimated, the same rea degrees, and daily grew more dangerous. son was force with regard Elizabeth, Some affirm downright, that slow poison had since the marriages their mothers were alike
been given him, and throw the suspicion annulled. That therefore, either the succession upon the duke Northumberland. Others was left the late king had settled
only insinuate such thing, without saying the princesses were both excluded toge positively. But when done, both speak ther. Very likely the young king who found
only conjecture, without giving any proof. The young king saw death approaching without
any feats himself. But could not
himself dying, and who thought only saving
the reformation from the impending destruction, was prevailed upon this argument, sacri
fice the princess Elizabeth. Besides, had
very great esteem and affection for Jane Grey, who was accomplished lady both body
and mind. —However this be, the king having taken the resolution suggested him the duke Northumberland, three judges the
bring him the more easily the pass de
sired. All hopes however the king's reco assignment the crown Jane Grey. The
reflect, without
state Religion would
Mary, who was probable the duke
extreme concern, the
under his sister
succeed him. very Northumberland, who
hardly ever left him since his illness, took care heighten his fears that respect, purpose
realin were sent for, and required draw an
very were not given over till the middle May, when likelihood the physicians told the duke of Northumberland his case was des
judges desired little time consider
last they answered, they could not take upon them any such thing, without being
perate. Then was that matched the Lord guilty high-treason. Adding, that the Guilford Dudley, his fourth son, the only one privy-counsellors who consented the assign
unmarried, with Jane Grey, eldest daughter
the new duke Suffolk, Francis Brandon,
who was Henry 8th's Will the next the
succession after the princess Elizabeth.
the same time Jane's two sisters were also mar
ried the second, the lady Catherine, the
earl Pembroke's eldest son, the lord Herbert;
the third, the lady Mary, [who was crooked] [the king's groom-porter]. Martin Keys. These marriages were solemnized about the end May, when there was hope the
ment, would unavoidably liable the pains
king's recovery. last, one day the young Hales, who could never prevailed with
king was expressing
was under, when
the excessive trouble considered the princess her utmost endeavour
All the privy-counsellors set their hands likewise on the 21st the same month.
Mary his sister would
destroy the reformation, the duke Nor avoid signing but the king importuned him
thumberland broke the ice. He represented much, that set his hand last wit the king that there was but one way pre ness, pretended, and not privy
vent the misfortunes England was threatened counsellor. ”
48. Arraignment and Execution Folk: MARY, 1553.
of HENRY GREY duke of SUF
expressed
that purpose.
thumberland
had like have beaten the judges; neverthe less they stood what they had said. On the
[Cotton. MSS. Brit. Museum. Fox's Acts and Monum. 617. ]
As the duke Suffolk, there the Cotto This Henry duke Suffolk being condemned nian collection brief MS. account him his peers for combining rebellion with the following words: Wyatt against the Queen and her proceedings
Henry Fitzallan lord Maltravers and lord with Spain had sentence death pronounced steward her majesty's houshold and lord against him, which suffered the 23rd Feb.
high steward England Henry lord Grey duke
the lady Jane, married
the Arraignement Suffolk, father
Guilford Dudley:
upon the Tower-hill, where most christianly made profession faith with great repentance his fact. —This duke's facility too practices
the act parliament made for Upon which the duke Nor
fell into such passion, that
15th June they were sent for again, and length threats and the expedient pardon under the great scal, they were wrought upon
draw the settlement the crown, which was signed the rest the judges except
Cranmer was absent, that day purpose
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763] STATE TRIALs, 1 May, 1533. -Arraignment of Duke Suffolk. 764.
had occasioned the troubles where with this
realm had for some years been distracted, and
his rash ingratitude, the queen having once
pardoned him beyond expectation, had diverted
the current the queen's clemency towards his And then said: “Masters, have offended daughter the lady Jane, whose life, was gene the queen, and her laws, and thereby am justly rally conceived, she would have pardoned but condemned die, and am willing die, de her father's miscouncelled rashness hastened her siring men obedient, and pray God death.
Fox's Account as follows: Upon Saturday, being the 17th
the duke Suffolk was arraigned
for this day. Upon the Sunday following, which was the 18th day the said month, sessions was
kept London, which hath not before been kept upon the Sunday. Upon the Monday, the 19th Feb. lord Cobham's three sons, and four other men were arraigned Westminster:
that this my death may men, beseeching you
ster, and the same day condemned
February, Westmin
that die the faith
pery, the which died for me, and for them his peers, the earl Arundel was chief judge that truly repent, and stedfastly trust him.
die
which sons the youngest was condemned,
whose name was Thomas, and the other two
came not the bar, and the other four were
condemned. Upon the Tuesday, being the mectly good and audible voice: Such forgive
i.
Westminster, and there condemned the same
down. —Then Weston said that was the queen's pleasure should do. Wherewith
the duke casting hands abroad, ascended
the scaffold, and paused pretty while after.
example all bear me witness, Christ, trusting be saved his blood only, and other trum
And repent, desiring you pray
God for me; and that when you see my breath depart from me, you will pray God that
may receive my soul. ” And then desired all men forgive him, saying that the queen had forgiven him.
Then Mr. Weston declared with loud voice that the queen's majesty had forgiven him. With that divers the standers said with
20th of Feb. the
John
Gray arragned ness God thee, meaning Dr. Weston.
was
Then the duke kneeled down upon his knees, and said the Psalm Miserere mei Deus unto the
day, and other three inen, whereof one was
named Nailer. Upon Wednesday, the 21st
Feb. the lord Thomas Gray, and James heaven. And when had ended the Psalm, Croft were brought through London the said, manus tuas Domine commendo spiri Tower with number horsemen. Upon the tum meum, &c. , Then arose and stood up,
Thursday, being the 22nd Feb. Nicholas Throgmorton was committed the Tower.
Upon the Friday, being the 23d Feb. 1554,
the duke of Suffolk was beheaded the Tower asked the duke forgiveness. And the duke said
hill, the order whose death here followeth:
God forgive thee, and do: and when thou doest thine office, pray thee well, and
bring me out this world quickly, and God have mercy thee. Then stood there man and said, My lord how shall the money that you owe me? and the duke said, Alas good fellow, pray thee trouble me not now, but thy way my officers. Then knit
Tower-hill, with great company, &c. and
his coming thither, there accompanied him and said, “Our Father which art heaven,
The godly End and Death
the Duke Suf Feb. 23rd 1554.
folk beheaded
Tower-hill,
ON Friday the 23rd Feb. 1554, about nine the clock the forenoom, the lord Henry Gray, duke Suffolk, was brought forth the Tower of London unto the scaffold on the
doctor Weston his ghostly father, notwith standing, should seem, against the will
the said duke. For when the duke went
the scaffold, the said Weston being the left
hand, pleased with him. The duke with his hand, put him down again off the stairs and Weston, taking hold the duke, forced him down likewise. And they as cended the second time, the duke again put him
&c. ’ unto the end. And then said, Christ have inercy upon me, and laid down his head on the block, and the executioner took the axe and the first chop stroke off his head, an held the people, &c.
The same day, number prisoners had their pardon, and came through the city with their halters about their necks. There were
number about 200.
end, holding his lands, and looking up
and delivered his cap and his scarf unto the ex ecutioner.
Then the said executioner kneeled down, and
kercher about his face, and kneeled down
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165, STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1853–Trial of pole Northmoriana, too,
49. The Trials John DUDLEY duke Northumberland, W11 LIAM PARR marquis Northampton, and Jon DUDLEY earl Warwick, for High Treason, the Court the Lord High Steward, Westminster, 18th August, MARy, 1333.
and also Sir John GATEs, Sir IHENRY GATEs, Sir Asprow Du DLEY, and Sir THoMAs PALMER, Westminster, for the same Crime, the day following. [Harleian MSS. Kennett's Compl. Hist. 334. ]
[“The Proceedings against these noblemen and And the second, was alleadged, that,
others, asserting the Title the lady Jane Grey the Crown, and opposing that queen Mary, seem deserve place
any were deepely
that case, yet longe noe atteindor were record against them, they were neverthelesse
persons able the lawe passe vpon any tryall, and not bee challenged therefore, but att the princes pleasure.
this Collection, chiefly account
the
questions
the duke
his confession
law proposed the court Northumberland, previously
the Indictment. The Har
After which Answere, the duke vsinge fewe words, declared his earnest repentance the case, (for hee saw, that stand vpon viteringe any reasonable matter would little prevaile) and moved the duke Norfolke bee meanes voto the queene mercy, and without further answeare confessed the Indictment;
leian Manuscript, which we shall first lay before the reader, copied from Hollings
head, except the latter part about the mar quis Northampton and the earl War wick. The next account the transaction
immediately taken from the translation bishop Godwin’s “Annals Mary, Ken net's Complete History England, but acknowledged bishop Godwin ex
tracted from the great French Historian his own tire, the president Thou. ” Har grave. ]
Frtract from the Harleian Manuscript.
whose example alsoe the other prisoners ar raigned with him did likewise confesse the in dictment produced against them, and therevpon had judgment.
bee touched himselfe
THOMAS duke Norfolke sittinge
The Judgment beinge pronounced, hee craved favour such death was executed on nobleman, and not the other; hee beseeching also that favourable regard might bee had
children respect theire age, and that hee might bee permitted conferre with some learned divine for the settlinge conscience; and lastly, that her majestie would bee pleased
send vnto him fowre her counsell the discovery some things which might concerne the state.
The marquesse Northampton pleaded Indictment, that after the beginninge
these tumults hee had forborne the execution any publique office; and that the while
hee, intent huntinge and other sports, did
not partake the conspiracy; but beinge
manifest that hee wast party with the duke
Northumberland, sentence passed him like wise.
The earle Warwicke, fyndinge that the Judges soe greate cause, admitted noe ex
cuse age, with greate resolucion heard his condemnacion pronounced against him, crav
high steward England, the 18th day August
were brought before him John Dudley duke Northumberland, William Parre marquesse
Northampton, and the earle Warwicke, sonne the duke Northumberland. The duke Northumberland, att his cominge
the barre, vsed greate reverence towards the
judges, protestinge and
faith and obedience the queene's majesty, whome confessed
grievously haue offended, said; that hee meant not speake any thinge defence himselfe; but would first vnderstand the opi nion the courte two points. Whether
man, doinge acte the authority the
prince and counsell, and warrant the greate seale England, and doeinge nothinge without the same, may bee charged for treason for any thinge which hee might doe warrant thereof Whether any such persons, were equally culpable that crime, and those
inge only this favour; that, whereas the goods those who are condemned for treason are by whose letters and commaundements he was totally confiscated; yet her majestie would bee
directed his doeings, might bee his judges,
pleased, that out them his debts might bee payd. After this they were returned agayne the Tower.
Ertract from Kenn. Compl. Hist. 334.
On the 18th August, the duke Norfolk sitting lord high steward, those concerned the Rebellion were tried Westminste-r;
passe vpon his att his death? Wherevnto was answeared, That, con cerninge the first, the greate seale, which hee layd for his warrant, was not the seale the
lawfull queene the realme, nor passed authority, but the seale Usurper, and therefore would bee noe warrant for him. —
at
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767] STATE TRIALs, 2 Marr, 1554. —Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer [768
where the duke of Northumberland, with his brought out execution, having two days be eldest son the earl of Warwick, and the mar fore received the Sacrament prison. Nor quis of Northampton, were found guilty of thumberland, the persuasion Heath, after High Treason. The account of that day's pro wards archbishop York, made speech ceedings, and of the day following, I shall here the people, which confessed his crime and transcribe from Thuantis, a writer of great repentance, and advised who were present fame; because, though I do not entirely approve adhere the ancient religion their fore all he has set down, I think he keeps very near fathers, and rejecting the new opinions, the to truth, and the reader, perhaps, will not be source of all the evils that had befalien them
entertained with the variety opinions upon this matter.
The duke Northumberland, says he, alledged, That did nothing but order
the council, yet this would not excuse him
that he was condemned as traitor. When
the sentence was pronounced, begged that might mitigated, the manner
his death, and that his children, regard
their tender years, might find mercy; and that might have the liberty speaking with
some learned divine (for the settling his con
for years past, drive the preachers them, trumpeters sedition, out the kingdom, they would approve themselves in nocent before God, and the public. He de clared that heart had always been for the old religion, and appealed for the truth
this his intimate friend the bishop Wor coster, but had temporised out ambition,
science). pleased
council,
municate, relating on the trial the
him four her privy had some things com
the public. Then came marquis Northampton,
And lastly, that her majesty would
which
said this,
desiring the prayers the spectators, prepared
send whom
sent back the Tower. The next day, Andrew Dudley, Northumberland's brother, and sir John Gates, who was supposed the first author setting lady Jane, with his brother Henry Gates, and Thomas Palmer, were
condemned. The 22d August they were
only the business the rebellion against queen same punishment. ”
condition would recant, and hear mass. On (a) “The contrary which was notorious; which promise firmly relied, and did what for Northampton was one queen Jane's privy was required; and still born with the same
counsellors, and signed letter, July the 9th, hope, the scaffold denied, word and out among the rest her privy-council, the lady ward profession, that true religion which Mary, they stiled her, requiring her desist, had often, both king Henry's and king Ed and quiet and obedient; besides his going ward's days, evidently declared himself favour along with the duke his counsels. ” Kennet. and further. Id.
now was sincere penitent; and
willingly submitted owned had deserved. recommended himself
for which lastly, that
receive the stroke and immediately the ex ecutioner performed his office. Northumber land's exhortations variously affected the minds
hear him had pro the account
fessed for above 30 years; and
which chiefly had advised king Edward
exclude his sisters. Most have written, that
late king. But nothing this was mentioned his trial; because his judges undertook not the examination into king Edward's death, but
(b) Fox, who lived these times, confirms
and clears this matter: who writes, that the
duke had promise made him pardon; yea, though his head were upon the block,
Can terbury, for Treason and Heresy: MARy, PHIL. MARY,
50. Proceedings against Thomas CRAN MER, Archbishop
1554, 1556. Fox's Acts and Monum. 647. ]
KING Edward the sixth, prince most Mary was wholly wedded popish religion, worthy towardness, falling sick, when per bequeathed the succession this realm the ceived that his death was hand, and the lady Jane, lady great birth, but greater force his painful disease would not suffer learning, being niece king Henry 8th his him live longer, and knowing that his sister sister, consent the council and lawyers
his death, Having God, and
who pretended, that had not any hand
the rebellion, nor was engaged any party,
but having public post, had spent the
time his usûal diversion hunting, and
other sports (a). However, appeared that being cunning man, and fond life, did he was engaged Northumberland's side, and this hopes pardon; and that when therefore he was likewise condemned. After looked round him and saw was deceived, wards, the earl Warwick, Northumberland's repented (b). He was charged, upon eldest son, when the plea his youth would trivial conjectures, with having poisoned the not be admitted excuse great crime,
received his sentence death with wonder
ful constancy; and only prayed her majesty,
that out his estate confiscated, his debts
might discharged. These were presently Mary. Gates too and Palmer underwent the
the people, who were amazed speak against that religion, which
to of
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760] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [770
this realm *. To this Testament of the king's, folk executed, likewise she caused the
when the nobles the realm, states and lady Jane, being both age tender, and inno judges had subscribed; they sent for the Arch cent from this crime, after she could
bishop, and required him that also would means turned from the constancy her subscribe. But excusing himself on this faith, together with her husband, behead manner, said, that was otherwise the Tes ed.
—The rest the nobles paying fines were
tament king Henry his father, and that
could not
forgiven, the archbishop Canterbury only excepted. Who though desired pardon means his friends, could obtain none; inso much that the queen would not once vouch
Mary, then was bound,
had sworn the succession
the next heir, which oath
that without manifest perjury
from The Council answered, that they safe see him. For yet the old grudge were not ignorant that, and that they had against the archbishop for the divorcement
conscience well he, and moreover that her mother, remained hid the bottom they were sworn that Testament, and there her heart. Besides this divorce, she remem
fore should not think there was any danger
therein, that should more peril
perjury than the rest. To this the Archbishop
answered, that was judge man's con science but his own and therefore as he
would not prejudicial others, would
not commit his conscience unto other men's say dirge mass after the old custom, for the
facts, cast himself into danger, seeing that funeral king Edward her brother. Neither every man should give account his own wanted there some which reported that had conscience, and not other men's. And already said mass Canterbury which mass concerning subscription, before had spoken indeed was said Dr. Thornton. This ru with the king himself,
do it.
utterly refused
mour Cranmer thinking speedily stay, gave forth writing his purgation.
The king therefore
This Bill being thus written, and lying open window his chamber, come
chance master Story, bishop then Roches
being
Archbishop concerning this matter, said, that
demanded the
the nobles and lawyers the realm counselled
him unto and persuaded him that the bond ter, who after had read and perused the
bered the state religion changed; was imputed - the archbishop thereof.
which the cause
While these things were doing,
was mens mouths, that the archbishop, curry favour with the queen, had promised
rumour
of the first testament could nothing let, but that this lady Jane might succeed him heir, and the people without danger acknowledge
same, required the archbishop have copy the bill. The abp. when bad grant
and permitted the same master Story, her their queen. Who then demanding the occasion thereof master Story lending
leave the king, that certain lawyers that were they agreed that
might first talk with some friend his, there were divers copies the court; when taken out thereof, and the thing published law the realm abroad among the common people; insomuch
might so, returning -the king, with much that every scrivener's shop almost, was occupi
ado he subscribed.
Well, not long after this, king Edward died,
writing and copying out the same and
length some bishop's hands, and
whose decease inmediately was command matter was known, and ed that the lady Jane, which was unwilling appear.
being almost years old, the great sorrow,
but greater calamity the whole realm. After and they sending
these copies coming the brought the council,
thereunto, should proclaimed queen. Which thing much misliked the common people not that they did much favour Mary, before
whom they saw the lady Jane preferred, for
the hatred conceived against some, whom they could not favour.
Whereupon Dr. Cranmer his day prefix ed, appeared before the said commissioners, bringing true inventory, was command ed, his goods. That done, bishop
the queen's privy council, (Dr. Heath, bishop
after York) being one the said commis Besides this, other causes there happened sioners, after the inventory was received,
also of discord between the nobles and the commons the same time: for what injuries
bringing mention the bill; My lord, said he, there bill put forth your name, wherein you seem aggrieved with setting up the mass again; we doubt not but you are sorry that gone abroad. —To whom the archbishop answered again, saying, As
not deny myself the very author that bill letter, must confess here unto you, concerning the same bill, that am sorry that the said bill went from me such sort
wrongfully holden, with other inordinate pollings and uncharitable
dealing between the landlords and tenants, cannot tell. But fine, thus the matter fell
out, that Mary hearing the death her bro ther, and shifting for herself, was assisted
the commons, that estsoons she prevailed. Who, being established the possession
commons and inclosures
did. For when had written Dr. Story got after she had caused first the two fathers, the the copy me, and now come abroad, and
the realm, not long after came London, and duke of Northumberland and the duke of Suf
understand, the city
which am sorry, that for intended otherwise
full For passed my hands
have made
Vol.
See
754,
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771] STATE TRIALS, J Mary, 1533. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [772
more large and ample manner, and minded to have set it on Paul's church door, and on the doors of all the churches in London, with nine own seal joined thereto.
ton and other the university, whereby they
were judged heretics, and committed the mayor and sheriffs Oxford. But for asmuch the sentence given against them was
At which words, when they saw the constant void law (for that time the authority ness of the man, they dismissed him, affirming the pope was not yet received into the land) that they had no more at that present to say therefore was new commission sent from
unto him, but that shortly he should hear fur Rome, and new process framed for the con ther. The said bishop declared afterward to viction these reverend and godly learned one of Dr. Cranmer's friends, that notwith men aforesaid. which commission, first standing his attainder of treason, the queen's was Dr. James Brooks bishop Giocester the determination at that time was, that Cranmer pope's subdelegate, with Dr. Martin, and Dr. should only have been deprived of his archbi Story, commissioners the king and queen's shopric, and have had a sufficient living as behalf, for the execution the same. Of the signed him, upon his exhibiting of a true inven which three commissioners above named, tory, with commandment to keep his house touching Dr. Martin, this the way
without meddling in matters of religion. But understood, that although was used for how true that was, I have not to say. This is instrument the Pope's side, serve turn certain, that not long after this, he was sent (whose book also extant against the law unto the Tower, and soon after condemned of marriage priests) yet notwithstanding Treason. Notwithstanding the queen, when neither was bitter enemy this perse she could not honestly deny him his pardon, cution, other commissioners were; and also seeing the rest were discharged, and speci this time queen Elizabeth, where divers ally, seeing last, other, subscribed other doctors of the Arches refused to be king Edward's request, and that against his sworn against the pope, denied not the
own will, released him his action Treason,
and accused him only Heresy; which liked the archbishop right well, and came pass
wished, because the cause was not his own, but Christ's; not the queen's, but the church's. Thus stood the cause Cranmer, till length
was determined the queen and the coun
cil, that should removed from the Tower
where was prisoner, Oxford, there dis
pute with the doctors and divines. And pri
vily word was sent before them Ox
ford prepare themselves, and make them
ready dispute. And although the queen the East end the said church the high
and the bishops had concluded before what altar, was erected solemn scaffold for bishop should become him, yet pleased them Brooks aforesaid, representing the pope's per
that the matter should debated with argu
disputa
son, ten foot high. The seat was made that might under the sacrament the altar. And the right hand the pope's delegate
ments, that under some honest shew
tion the murder the man might
Neither could their hasty speed
all haste he was carried Oxford. missioners, which were both doctors the Without reciting the particulars this dis civil law, and underneath them other doctors, putation his condemnation the university scribes, and pharisees also, with the pope's
and the prolocutor, we now proceed his final collector, and rabblement such other like. judgment and order condemnation, which And thus these bishops being placed their was the 12th day September, 1555, and pontificalibus, the bishop Canterbury was
seven days before the condemnation bishop sent for come before them. He having in Ridley and master Latimer. The story where telligence them that were there, thus or here followeth, faithfully corrected the dered himself. He came forth the prison Report and Narration (coming chance the church saint Mary, set forth with bills our hands) one who being both present and gleves for fear should start away, being (hereat, and also devout favourer the see clothed fair black gown, with his hood on
and faction Rome, can lack no credit both shoulders, such doctors divinity
trowe) with such, which seek what they can the university use wear. Who, after was discredit whatsoever maketh not with their come into the church, and did them sit
phantasied religion Rome. their pontificalibus, did not put off his cap
After the disputations done and finished any them, but stood still till that was Oxford between the doctors both universi called. And anon one the proctors for the
ties, and the three worthy bishops, Dr. Cran pope, mer, Ridley, and Latimer, heard then how bishop sentence condemnatory immediately upon the answer
saune was ministered against them Dr. Wes that
else his doctor, called Thomas arch Canterbury, appear here and make that shall laid thy charge;
say, for Blasphemy, Incontinency,
oath and yet notwithstanding not altogether here excused. But the purpose this story. Whereof first shall requisite de clare the circumstance, and the whole state the matter, general description, before we come their orations, according
parcel certain letter touching the same, came to our hands.
Imprimis, here understood, that
the coining down the foresaid commission ers, which was upon Thursday, the 12th
Sept. 1555, the Church Saint Mary, and
covered.
revenge beneath him sat Dr. Martin, and on the left
ment abide any long delay; and therefore hand sat Dr. Story the king and queen's con
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773] STATE TRIALS, I MAry, i553–sor Treason and Heresy.
-
and Heresy; and make Answer here to the Sin minus, Remember from whence thou bishop of Glocester, representing the pope's art fallen, and do the first works, not, and
first well viewed the place of judgment, and church Christ, from the very true and re spying where the king and queen's majesty's ceived faith christendom, and that proctors were, putting off his cap, he first hum open heresy. You have fallen from your pro bly bowing his knee to the ground, made reve mise God, from your fidelity and allegiance, rence to the one, and after to the other. Tha and that open preaching, marriage, and done, beholding the bishop in the face, he put adultery. You have fallen from your sovereign on his bonnet again, making no manner of princeand queen open treason. Remember token of obedience towards him at all. Where therefore from whence you are fallen. Your at the bishop being offended, said unto him, fall great, the danger cannot seen. Where That it might beseem him right well, weighing fore when say, remember from whence you the authority he did represent, to do duty are fallen, put you mind not only your unto him. Whereunto Dr. Cranmer answered fall, but also the state you were before and said, That had once taken solemn your fall. You were sometime, and other oath, never consent the admitting the poor men, mean estate, God take wit bishop Rome's authority into this realm ness, speak reproach abasement England again and that had done ad you, but put you memory, how God hath
and therefore would commit nothing either one degree another, from better better, and sign token, which might argue his consent never gave you over, till had appointed you the receiving the same, and desired the Legatum natum, Metropolitanum Anglia, Pas said bishop judge him, and that did torem gregis sui. Such great trust did put
not for any contempt his person, which you in, his church, what could more?
person. ’
know what followeth. Remember Upon this he being brought more near unto yourself from whence you have fallen. You the scaffold, where the foresaid bishop sat, he have fallen from the universal and catholic
visedly, and meant God's grace keep it; called you from low high degree, from
present and saw could possible.
and marked
Glou church might spoiled and brought into ruin; Can yet may appear many your doings other
terbury, the Church Saint Mary Or wise, and for my part,
. . ford, March 12, 1556. one us, shall think the best.
excellent majesties not your utter discomfort, stick was set the highest place the but your comfort you will yourself. We church, and the light your candle was over come not judge you, but put you re all the church; would God had continued
membrance that you have been, and shall still. But after began fall schism, and be. Neither come we dispute with you but would not acknowledge the pope's holiness
Dr. Brooks, bishop cester, unto Dr. Cranmer, archbishop
The ORATION
behoveth each For who was who was more WHEN after many means used, they per religious the face the world Who was ceived that the archbishop would not move his thought have more conscience vow bonnet, the bishop proceeded these words making, and observing the order the church,
following: “My lord, this present we are more earnest the defence the real presence come you Commissioners, and for you, not Christ's body and blood the sacrament intruding ourselves our own authority, but the altar than were and then things sent Commission, partly from the pope's prospered with you your prince favoured you; holiness, partly from the king and queen's most yea God himself favoured you; your candle
oyou matters; being supreme head, stoutly uphold examine certain which but would the
done, make relation thereof him that hath unlawful requests king Henry the 8th, and
judge you. The first being well would bear with that should not be born with
make the second be well taken. began you fancy liberty, then unlawful
you your part moved come
conformity, then shall not only we our side
take joy our examination, but also they that
have sent us. And first, charity doth
move us, would think good somewhat ex Earl Ecclesiam non est salus, Without the hort you, and that the second chapter church there salvation. When had Saint John the Apoc. Memor esto unde forsaken God, God forsook you, and gave you excideris, age panitentiam, prima opera fac. over your own will and suffered you fall
power taken,
For
and when you had exiled good conscience, then ensued great shipwreck the sea, which was out the true and catholic church, cast into the sea desperation; for saith;
thought then more devout
774
for even as he ordained Moses be ruler well any the other, his commission over his Church Israel, and gave him full had come from good authority theirs. authority upon the same did make you
This answered both modestly, wisely, and over his Church England. And when did patiently, with his cap his head, not once this for you forsooth when you gave occa
could have been content have honoured
bowing making any reverence him that sion cause represented the pope's person, which was won his magistrates.
mistrust either him,
For although conjec
derously the people marked that was there tured, that
your time were not upright nigh the honour and faith Christ, but rather set purpose instrument, whereby the
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775] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [776
from schism to apostasy, from apostasy to he breaking your vow; and Vigilantius said, resy, and from heresy to perjury, from perjury insomuch that he would admit none his to treason, and so in conclusion, into the full ministery, but those that had their wives bag indignation of our sovereign prince, which you ged with children. What now Shall we say may think a just punishment of God, for your that Vigilantius did not fall therefore? Did not other abominable opinions. After that, ye Donatus and Novatus fall, because they said so, fell lower and lower, and now to the lowest and brought Scripture for their defence? Then degree of all, to the end of honour and life. believe we list, pretending well, and For if the light of your candle be as it hath say tray, there man blind that will
been hitherto dusky your candlestick is like say so. For except the church which condemn to be removed, and have a great fall, so low, eth them for their say so, approve for
and so far out of knowledge, that it shall be so, then will she condenm you also. So that quite out of God's favour, and past hope your denial will not stand. And therefore tell recovery Quia inferno nulla est redemptio, you, remember from whence are fallen, and For hell there redemption. The dan how long shall fall, you hold you
ger whereof being great, very pity causeth begin. But trust you will not continue, but
Ine say, Memor esto unde ereideris, Re revoke yourself time, and the remedy fol member from whence thou hast fallen. add loweth. -‘Age panitentiam, prima opera fac,'
also, and whither you fall. But here perad for such means have fallen must venture you will say sue. What sir, my fall rise again. First, your heart hath fallen, then
not great you make have not yet your tongue and your pen, and besides your fallen from the catholic church. For that own damage hath caused many more fall.
not the catholic church that the pope head Therefore, first your heart must turn, and thea of. There another church. But touching shall the tongue and the pen quickly turned; that answer; you are sure that the Sin minus, veniam tubi cuto, invve can't le. Donatists were, for they said that they had the brum tuum de loco suo. —I need not teach true church, and that the name true Chris you method turn; you know the ready tians remained only Africk, where only their way yourself. But would God could but seditious sect was preached and you think, exhort you the right and truth, then the way
thought Novatus, that they that did ac should soon found out. For remember knowledge their supreme head the see how many have brought abominable he Rome, were out the church Christ. But resy into the way perdition, doubt not but here Saint Cyprian defending Cornclius against very conscience weuld move you, much for Novatus, libro secundo, epistola seata, saith them for yourself, come again. And this wise Ecclesia una est, que cum una, would you spare neither tongue nor pen, heart intus foris esse non potest. that Novatus were once reformed; for touching that point, were the true church, then was not Corne the Holy Ghost toucheth their hearts very near
the mouth holy prophet Ezekiel, when requireth the blood flock the priest's
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the whole
lius, who indeed lawful succession succeeded
Fabian. Here Saint Cyprian intendeth
process prove,
thereupon, that the true church was only Rome.
hands, good
for lack and wholesoine food.
and concludeth
How much more should this touch your guity Gather you then what will follow your fall. heart, having overmuch diligence teach them But you will say peradventure, that you fell the way perdition, and feeding them with
not heresy, and said the Arrians, alledg baggage and corrupt food, which heresy. Qui
ing for themselves that they had Scripture, convertere fecerit peccatorem errore vita: and going about persuade their schism sue, salvam,faciet animam suam shorte, ope Scripture; for indeed they had more places rict multitudinem peccatorum suorum, He two and forty, which their torture seemed that shall convert sinner from his wicked life,
depend upon Scripture, than the Catholics shall save his soul from death, and shall cover
the multitude sins. So that be true that who converteth sinner, saveth soul;
true succession the apostles: for troubled and disquiet conscience. He did
the apostics required me hold, hold not only repent, but recant, and not unuch
it. The apos'es have received me, and put for himself, for then whom had with unost
had. did the Martians provoke their heresy Scripture. But those are Scriptures;
for they are not truly alled-ed, nor truly
terpreted, but untruly wrested and wrong, ac that perverteth soul, and teacheth ilim the cording their own fantasies. And therefore way perdition, must needs damned. — were they justly condemned, for their wrong Origines super Paulum Romanos; The damn taking the Scriptures, and the church repli ation those that preach heresy doth increase eth against them, saying Qui estis vos quan the day judgment. The more that perish do? quid agit inco, non mei The church heretical doctrine, the more grievous shall saith, what make you here my heritage? their torment be, that minister such doctrine. from whence came you the Scripture nine Berengarius who seemed fear that danger, inheritance; am right heir thereof. hold provided for life time, but not without
one my right, and have rejected wou bastoris, having title thereunto. —Also
pestilent here sies infected. For jay
his death bed upon Epiphany day, demand them that were present, this, quoti, he,
will dens that have allen
apostasy,
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777]
STATE TRIALs, 1 May, 1553–so, Treason and Hercy. [778
the day of Epiphany, and appearing of the was received into the church Christ with
Lord? They answered him, Yea. Then, quoth wonderful joy the whole congregation, even
he, this day shall the Lord appear to me, either shall you be. The fame your return shall
to my comfort, either to my discomfort. This spread abroad throughout Christendom,
remorse argueth, that he feared the danger of where your face was never known. —But you
them whom he had taught, and led out of the will say perhaps, your conscience will not suf. faith of Christ. Origines upon him saith in this fer you. My lord, there good conscience,
wise; although his own blood was not upon his and there bad conscience. The good con head, for that he did repeat, and was sorry for science have not they, St. Paul declareth
his former errors, yet being converted, he feared Timothy concerning Hymeneus and Alexander. the blood of them whom he had infected, and The evil and bad conscience saith St. Cy who received his doctrine. —Let this move you prian, well known his mark. What
even at the last point. Insomuch as your case is not unlike to Berengarius, let your repent
ance be like also. And what should stay you,
tell me, from this godly return ? fear, that ye
have gone so far, ye may not return; nay, then
I may say as David said, Illic tropidaverunt
ubi non crat tumor. Ye fear where ye have no
cause to fear. For if ye repetit and be heartily and universal church of Christ what consci
sorry for your former heresy and apostasy, ye ence doth separate you that devilish and se need not to fear. For as God of his part is veral church liberty which never had merciful and gracious to the repentant sinner, ground the holy scriptures? you judge so is the king, so is the queen merciful, which your liberty good, then judge you all
ye may well perceive, by your own case, since Christendom evil besides you. -O what ye inight have suffered a great whiles ago for presumptuous persuasion this, upon this treason committed against her highness, but utterly forsake the church Christ under that ye have been spared and reserved upon what colour pretence you this for the hope of amendment, which she conceived very abuses? though your church were abu good of you, but now (as it seemeth) is but a ses: yes that there were. And you forsake very desperate hope. And what do you there the universal church for the abuses, why you by Secundum duritiem cords thesaurizas tibi not then forsake your particular church, and
mark this conscience marked with the print here. -y. This conscience naughty, filthy, and branded conscience, which trust not
you. than so,
bave conceived better hope you else would never about per
exhort you. But what conscience
suade
should stay you return the catholic faith
iram in die irac, i. According to the hardness flitting from one another that not of your heart ye treasure up to yourself anger the next way, slip from the church the in the day of wrath. -West, what is it then, if abuses; for you had seen abuses, you should fear do not hinder you? shame, to unsay that rather have endeavoured for reformation
that you have said: Nay, it is no shame, unless then for defection. He good chirurgion, ye think it shame to agree with the true and who for little pain the toe will cut off the the catholic church of Christ. And if that be whole leg. He helpeth well the tooth-ach,
shame then blame St. Paul who persecuted the which cutteth away the head the shoulders. disciples of Christ with the sword, then blame mere folly amend abuses abuses. Peter, who denied his master Christ with oath, Ye are like Diogenes; for Diogenes time that never knew him. St. Cyprian before envying the cleanliness Plato, said this his return being witch; St. Austen being nine wise, Ecce calco fastum Platonis.