We have about us the
universe
of fluid force, and below us the germinal universe of wood alive, of stone alive" [SR, 92].
A-Companion-to-the-Cantos-of-Ezra-Pound-II
Taxila: Country in India ruled by King Phraotes.
The maxim in the characters is rhymed there, because this king spent his
577
treasure for the good of the people and lived in a simple style much approved by A. who said to him: "I am delighted, 0 king, to find you living like a philosopher" [P, Life, I, 183].
72. Phraotes' . . . sun: It is said of a cub of the tigers of Taxila: ~'as soon as it is born, it lifts up its front paws to the rising slln" [P, Life, I, 189]. The gesture was taken as an act of worship_
73. "vl1? 6A1]1rTOl . . . vf)? ? LV: H, "rapt by the nymphs . . . bacchantic revellers in sobriety" [ibid. , 217]. Part of A. 's way of telling the king about religious ecstasy brought about
by drinking only water.
74. "11"0" fJl1epo:v: H, "daily hymn. " From a description of some of the Brahman's reli- gious rites. A. was amazed to discover stat- ues of the Greek gods whi~h the Indians had set up with their own and worshipped with their own: "and to the SlIn they sing a hymn every day at midday" [ibid. , 257].
75. ~wov . . . mJ! vTa:
ture . . . the universe
all. " After Phraotes, A. visited the chief Brahman of India, named Iarchas, who told him that the universe possessed a soul. Said A. , "Am I to regard the universe as a living creature? " Said Iarchas, "Yes . . . for it en- genders all living things" [ibid. , 309].
76. III 34: Bk. III, chap. 34 of The Life of Apollonius [P, Life] .
77. epwTQ. . . ? . : H, "Love it has . . . and knits together. " A. asked if the universe were then male or female. Iarchas said it was both: "for by commerce with itself it fulfills the role both of mother and father . . . ;and it is possessed by a love for itself more intense than any separate being has for its fellows, a passion which knits it together into harmony" [ibid. ].
78. F. C. Conybeare: The prelector of Ox-' ford who translated The Life ofApollonius of Tyana by Philostratus, which had "only been once translated in its entirety into En- glish, as long ago as the year 1811. " Said
48. Agdu: Says B de R: "Agadu or Agade is supposed to be shown by the Indian seals to be the capital city of Sargon and Menes(! )"
[ibid. ].
49. Prabbu of Kopt: Says B de R: "'Pra? bhu' (Pound's Prabbu is a typographical er? ror) was, according to Waddell, a form of the Sumerian title 'Par,' corresponding to 'Pha- raoh': 'the form Prabhu adopted by the Indi- an scribes was presumably to make this "Pharaoh" title intelligent to Indian readers' " [ibid. ].
50. Queen Ash: Supposedly, "the wife of Sargon, whose name, again according to Waddell, is found on the Abydos vases"
[ibid. ]. Says DG: "Regardless of L. A. Wad- dell's errors in Egyptology and the names of 'Prabbu of Kopt, Queen Ash,' their signifi- cance is perfectly clear: The Egyptian Pha- raoh and his wife, as well as Eleanor of Castile and Edward I [cf. 146 below] are subject rhymes of Justinian and Theodora. And this theme continues from the 'gt/
Baby-
healing' [91:14].
with
'Justinian,
Theodora' "
H, . . .
"a living
for it engenders
51. Isis: [90:28].
52. Manis . . . silver: Waddell, the source of Menes' purchase of land, also defined the relative value: "One bur of land" [was] reckoned as worth sixty gur measures of grain, and one mana of silver [B de R, in EH, Approaches, 188].
53. black obelisk: "The famous black obe- lisk [the Tablet of Abydos] discovered by de Morgan at Susa in 1897 is likewise arbi- trarily attributed to 'Menes. ' " [ibid. ]. It is a block of stone with inscriptions including the dates of 65 Egyptian rulers covering some 2200 years.
54. Abydos: Town in upper Egypt on the west bank of the Nile, the site of a temple of Osiris built by Seti I, which houses in numer- ous chambers and corridors most of the re- liefs, including the Tablet of Abydos.
55. Hieroglyph: Sargon the Great. But Pound follows the errors of Waddell here
other holy men, the
unknown, but
crea-
? 578
94/637-638
94/638
579
Conybeare: "there is in it much that is very
that it was so named from a king Erythras" [P, Life, I, 337] .
88. VJ1&. c; ? . . eppwo8E: H, "you presented me with the sea farewell" [ibid. ]. Iarchas had given A. camels to travel with. When A. reached Erythra, he sent the camels back to Iarchas with greetings, thanks, and a message that said: "I carne to you on foot, and yet you presented me with the sea; but by shar~ ing with me the wisdom which is yours, you
have made it mine even to travel through the heavens" [ibid. ].
89. BaliIra: "They also touched at Balara, which is an emporium full of myrtles and date palms; and there they also saw laurels, and the pJace was well watered by springs"
[ibid. , 341].
95. Hugo Rennert: [20:9]. This favorite professor of Pound at the University of Pennsylvania once reacted to the administra- tion's ballyhoo that "the plant" should not lie idle by saying: "But damn it we are the plant" [EP, Impact 239]. This sentiment rhymes with A's idea that a city is the peo- ple in it rather than a place. So he urged the people of Smyrna "to take pride in them- selves rather than in the beauty of their city" [ibid. , 357].
boat: "They all then regarded Apollonius as one who was master of the tempest and of fire" [ibid. , 371].
101. PaIamedes: P. was the messenger sent to call Odysseus to the war against Troy. Thus his shrine was of concern to Achilles. A. commandeered a large boat to carry many of his followers and set out for Me- thymna: "For there it was, he said, that Achilles declared Palamedes lay. " A. found the buried statue and "set it up again in its place, as I myself saw; and he raised a shrine around it . . . large enough for ten persons at once to sit and drink and keep good cheer in" [ibid. , 373].
102. "It was not . . . ": As A's followers kept pestering him to tell about his talk with Achilles, he flnally agreed and said: "Well, it was not by digging a ditch like Odysseus, nor by tempting souls with the blood of sheep, that I obtained a conversation with Achilles"
[ibid. , 377] [cf. I/3-4].
good reading [ibid. , v].
and it is lightly
written"
79. Richardus: R. of SI. Victor [85:52]. Many of Richard's ideas rhyme well with those of Iarchas [SF, 71] .
80. I&pX"~: Iarchas, the Indian Brahman.
8! . Swedenborg: Emanuel S. [89:3], who also believed that universal or divine love was the binding force of societies.
. . .
83. phoenix: Iarchas said: "And the phoe- nix . . . is unique in that it gives out rays of sunlight and shines with gold. " The Indians say that "the phoenix which is being con- sumed in its nest sings funeral strains for itself. And this is also done by the swans according to the account of those who have the wit to hear them" [ibid. , 333-335].
[I :23].
84. rrp01TEf. 111'T'flPiovc: . strains for itself. "
: H, "sings funeral
: "As to
96. Homer:
97. 7TOi\i\QI~
A. : "Men who visit all regions of the earth may be well compared with the Homeric Zeus, who is represented by Homer under many shapes. " A. Believes this is better than the "statue of Zeus wrought . . . by Phei- dias," which is merely frozen in stone [ibid. , 359]. A rhyme with "Otis, Soncino"
82. griffins
griffins dig_ up, there are rocks which are spotted with drops of gold as with sparks, which this creature can quarry" [P, Life, I, 333].
85. universe is alive: [75:8]. The music of the spheres, or, the harmony flowing in the cosmos, is part of the forma or the concetta. The song of the nymphs in ecstas)' fulfills true harmony. Said Pound: "beneath this [the flesh] is our kinship to the vital uni- verse, to the tree and the living rock. . . .
We have about us the universe of fluid force, and below us the germinal universe of wood alive, of stone alive" [SR, 92].
86. "Epwr& . . . : [ef. 77 above].
87. the Ganges . . . : After 4 months with
Iarchas, A. "was minded to go. . . . And . . . keeping the Ganges on his right hand . . . went down towards the sea a journey of ten days from the sacred ridge. " On the way they saw many animals. "And in the usual discussion of what they saw they reached the sea. . . . And they say that the sea called Erythra 'or red' is of deep blue colour, but
,
the gold
which the
. . . : H, "many shapes. " Said
90. napa . . . TLJ. I,wow: H, "among all
of wisdom. " After travel to many other places, including Babylon, again, Nineveh, Seleucia, Cyprus, and Paphos, A. "then sailed to Ionia, where he excited much admi- ration and no little esteem among all lovers of wisdom" [ibid. , 345].
9! . bell the boat: A story of pearl fishing at Balara ends thus: "they found the entire sea full of wild animals and it was crowded with seals; and the ships . . . carry bells . . . the sound of which frightens away these creatures" [ibid. , 343].
92. Grant, 0 Muses: The people of Symrna sent a deputation to. A. asking that he 'visit them. When A. asked why they wanted him, the legate said "to see him and be seen. " A. said: "I will come, but 0 ye Muses, grant that we may also like one another" [ibid. , 349-351].
93. "Oil . . . iY. AA~AWV: H, "we may also like one another. "
94. Ephesus . . . : A.
urged the people there to devote themselves to study: "for they were devoted to dancers and taken up with pantomimes, and the whole city was full of pipers, and full of effeminate rascals, and full of noise"
[ibid. , 351].
went to
Ephesus and
lovers
[82:17,18].
. . .
[ibid. , 361].
99. Em . . . 'ri01): H, "on board the ship [for
it was] already evening. " [The source has +7817, an adverb of time meariing "now" or "already. " With the subscript on the first eta, the word becomes a form of ei8w, but since with the rough breathing it means no- thing, we must assume an error of transcrip~ tion. ] At Ilium, A. said he "must spend a night on the mound of Achilles. " So "he went up alone to the b'di10W; but they went on board ship, for it was already evening"
[ibid. , 369].
100. "master . . . fire": A. had gathered in his travels a large group of followers. As autumn drew on and bad weather could be expected at sea, they wanted to be on his
or n
H, "do best
98. npixTTELlJ
what he knows" [the source has the singular 0' rather than the plural nominative di] . A. 's argument about keeping the peace included a tolerance for differences of opinion and the idea that each man should be urged to employ his best talent: "To me it seems best that each man should do what he under- stands best and what he best can do"
8VVCiTW:
103. AeoIis . . . : A. offered an
prayer to get Achilles to appear. When he did appear he granted A. the boon of an- swering 5 questions about the Trojan War. A. 's fifth question concerned Horner's rea- son for not mentioning Palamedes. Achilles said that Odysseus, to his shame, caused Palamedes' death and Homer didn't want to record that shame. Achilles said: "But you, 0 Apollonius, . . . must care for his tomb and restore the image of Palamedes . . . and it lies in Aeolis close to Methymna in Lesbos. " Then A. said to his companions: "With these words . . . Achilles vanished with a flash of summer lightning, for indeed the cocks were already beginning their chant" [ibid. , 383-385].
104. So that . . . margin: The source of these three lines is not known. They are not in Apollonius [cf. HK, "Under the Larches of Paradise," Gnomon] .
105. a touchstone: As A. approached Rome, he was warned to keep away because Nero would doubtless have him imprisoned or put to death, as he did with other philoso-
Indian
? ? 5S0
94/638-639
94/639
581
phers, so that young men were left without a teacher. A. said: "Well, of all the blessings which have been vouchsafed me by the gods . . . this present one . . . is the great? est . . . : for chance has thrown in my way a touchstone to test these young men . . . to prove . . . which of them are philosophers"
[ibid. , 335].
106. yiY. p ~ciaavo,: H, "for a touchstone" [ibid. , 434]. the remainder of the Greek line, if it occurs anywhere, must be part of a sentence that contains a transitive verb. KCt()CXpOV is an adjective in the objective case. It means, "pure, bright, clear. " The other words may mean, "and far from anything
mortal. "
107. "Hie sunt leones": L, "here are lions. " After Rome, A. traveled toward Gibraltar: "the extremity of Libya. . . furnishes a haunt to lions" [ibid. , 467].
. . .
[ibid. ]. And going west, right would be north.
109. Heliad's poplar: "At Gadeira/' A. and Damis visited a shrine shaded by two trees: "they were a cross between the pitch tree and the pine, and formed a third species; and blood dripped from their bark, just as gold does from the HeJiad poplar" [ibid. 473] .
110. their pillars: They came then to a tem- ple to Hercules: "the pillars in the temple were made of gold and silver smelted togeth- er . . . and their capitals were inscribed with letters which were neither Egyptian nor Indi- an" [ibid. ]. Pound identifies the letters as Sumerian.
1 1 I . OE ? . ? 1 T p a T T o v U L : H , " f o r t h e d o e r s o f holiness" [ibid. , 503].
112. yiiv . . . o,UtjJIY. An: H, "and the sea is all safe. " A. said: "let us not forget that the whole earth affords secure ground for the doers of holiness, and that the sea is safely traversed not only by people in ships but even by people attempting to swin" [ibid.
577
treasure for the good of the people and lived in a simple style much approved by A. who said to him: "I am delighted, 0 king, to find you living like a philosopher" [P, Life, I, 183].
72. Phraotes' . . . sun: It is said of a cub of the tigers of Taxila: ~'as soon as it is born, it lifts up its front paws to the rising slln" [P, Life, I, 189]. The gesture was taken as an act of worship_
73. "vl1? 6A1]1rTOl . . . vf)? ? LV: H, "rapt by the nymphs . . . bacchantic revellers in sobriety" [ibid. , 217]. Part of A. 's way of telling the king about religious ecstasy brought about
by drinking only water.
74. "11"0" fJl1epo:v: H, "daily hymn. " From a description of some of the Brahman's reli- gious rites. A. was amazed to discover stat- ues of the Greek gods whi~h the Indians had set up with their own and worshipped with their own: "and to the SlIn they sing a hymn every day at midday" [ibid. , 257].
75. ~wov . . . mJ! vTa:
ture . . . the universe
all. " After Phraotes, A. visited the chief Brahman of India, named Iarchas, who told him that the universe possessed a soul. Said A. , "Am I to regard the universe as a living creature? " Said Iarchas, "Yes . . . for it en- genders all living things" [ibid. , 309].
76. III 34: Bk. III, chap. 34 of The Life of Apollonius [P, Life] .
77. epwTQ. . . ? . : H, "Love it has . . . and knits together. " A. asked if the universe were then male or female. Iarchas said it was both: "for by commerce with itself it fulfills the role both of mother and father . . . ;and it is possessed by a love for itself more intense than any separate being has for its fellows, a passion which knits it together into harmony" [ibid. ].
78. F. C. Conybeare: The prelector of Ox-' ford who translated The Life ofApollonius of Tyana by Philostratus, which had "only been once translated in its entirety into En- glish, as long ago as the year 1811. " Said
48. Agdu: Says B de R: "Agadu or Agade is supposed to be shown by the Indian seals to be the capital city of Sargon and Menes(! )"
[ibid. ].
49. Prabbu of Kopt: Says B de R: "'Pra? bhu' (Pound's Prabbu is a typographical er? ror) was, according to Waddell, a form of the Sumerian title 'Par,' corresponding to 'Pha- raoh': 'the form Prabhu adopted by the Indi- an scribes was presumably to make this "Pharaoh" title intelligent to Indian readers' " [ibid. ].
50. Queen Ash: Supposedly, "the wife of Sargon, whose name, again according to Waddell, is found on the Abydos vases"
[ibid. ]. Says DG: "Regardless of L. A. Wad- dell's errors in Egyptology and the names of 'Prabbu of Kopt, Queen Ash,' their signifi- cance is perfectly clear: The Egyptian Pha- raoh and his wife, as well as Eleanor of Castile and Edward I [cf. 146 below] are subject rhymes of Justinian and Theodora. And this theme continues from the 'gt/
Baby-
healing' [91:14].
with
'Justinian,
Theodora' "
H, . . .
"a living
for it engenders
51. Isis: [90:28].
52. Manis . . . silver: Waddell, the source of Menes' purchase of land, also defined the relative value: "One bur of land" [was] reckoned as worth sixty gur measures of grain, and one mana of silver [B de R, in EH, Approaches, 188].
53. black obelisk: "The famous black obe- lisk [the Tablet of Abydos] discovered by de Morgan at Susa in 1897 is likewise arbi- trarily attributed to 'Menes. ' " [ibid. ]. It is a block of stone with inscriptions including the dates of 65 Egyptian rulers covering some 2200 years.
54. Abydos: Town in upper Egypt on the west bank of the Nile, the site of a temple of Osiris built by Seti I, which houses in numer- ous chambers and corridors most of the re- liefs, including the Tablet of Abydos.
55. Hieroglyph: Sargon the Great. But Pound follows the errors of Waddell here
other holy men, the
unknown, but
crea-
? 578
94/637-638
94/638
579
Conybeare: "there is in it much that is very
that it was so named from a king Erythras" [P, Life, I, 337] .
88. VJ1&. c; ? . . eppwo8E: H, "you presented me with the sea farewell" [ibid. ]. Iarchas had given A. camels to travel with. When A. reached Erythra, he sent the camels back to Iarchas with greetings, thanks, and a message that said: "I carne to you on foot, and yet you presented me with the sea; but by shar~ ing with me the wisdom which is yours, you
have made it mine even to travel through the heavens" [ibid. ].
89. BaliIra: "They also touched at Balara, which is an emporium full of myrtles and date palms; and there they also saw laurels, and the pJace was well watered by springs"
[ibid. , 341].
95. Hugo Rennert: [20:9]. This favorite professor of Pound at the University of Pennsylvania once reacted to the administra- tion's ballyhoo that "the plant" should not lie idle by saying: "But damn it we are the plant" [EP, Impact 239]. This sentiment rhymes with A's idea that a city is the peo- ple in it rather than a place. So he urged the people of Smyrna "to take pride in them- selves rather than in the beauty of their city" [ibid. , 357].
boat: "They all then regarded Apollonius as one who was master of the tempest and of fire" [ibid. , 371].
101. PaIamedes: P. was the messenger sent to call Odysseus to the war against Troy. Thus his shrine was of concern to Achilles. A. commandeered a large boat to carry many of his followers and set out for Me- thymna: "For there it was, he said, that Achilles declared Palamedes lay. " A. found the buried statue and "set it up again in its place, as I myself saw; and he raised a shrine around it . . . large enough for ten persons at once to sit and drink and keep good cheer in" [ibid. , 373].
102. "It was not . . . ": As A's followers kept pestering him to tell about his talk with Achilles, he flnally agreed and said: "Well, it was not by digging a ditch like Odysseus, nor by tempting souls with the blood of sheep, that I obtained a conversation with Achilles"
[ibid. , 377] [cf. I/3-4].
good reading [ibid. , v].
and it is lightly
written"
79. Richardus: R. of SI. Victor [85:52]. Many of Richard's ideas rhyme well with those of Iarchas [SF, 71] .
80. I&pX"~: Iarchas, the Indian Brahman.
8! . Swedenborg: Emanuel S. [89:3], who also believed that universal or divine love was the binding force of societies.
. . .
83. phoenix: Iarchas said: "And the phoe- nix . . . is unique in that it gives out rays of sunlight and shines with gold. " The Indians say that "the phoenix which is being con- sumed in its nest sings funeral strains for itself. And this is also done by the swans according to the account of those who have the wit to hear them" [ibid. , 333-335].
[I :23].
84. rrp01TEf. 111'T'flPiovc: . strains for itself. "
: H, "sings funeral
: "As to
96. Homer:
97. 7TOi\i\QI~
A. : "Men who visit all regions of the earth may be well compared with the Homeric Zeus, who is represented by Homer under many shapes. " A. Believes this is better than the "statue of Zeus wrought . . . by Phei- dias," which is merely frozen in stone [ibid. , 359]. A rhyme with "Otis, Soncino"
82. griffins
griffins dig_ up, there are rocks which are spotted with drops of gold as with sparks, which this creature can quarry" [P, Life, I, 333].
85. universe is alive: [75:8]. The music of the spheres, or, the harmony flowing in the cosmos, is part of the forma or the concetta. The song of the nymphs in ecstas)' fulfills true harmony. Said Pound: "beneath this [the flesh] is our kinship to the vital uni- verse, to the tree and the living rock. . . .
We have about us the universe of fluid force, and below us the germinal universe of wood alive, of stone alive" [SR, 92].
86. "Epwr& . . . : [ef. 77 above].
87. the Ganges . . . : After 4 months with
Iarchas, A. "was minded to go. . . . And . . . keeping the Ganges on his right hand . . . went down towards the sea a journey of ten days from the sacred ridge. " On the way they saw many animals. "And in the usual discussion of what they saw they reached the sea. . . . And they say that the sea called Erythra 'or red' is of deep blue colour, but
,
the gold
which the
. . . : H, "many shapes. " Said
90. napa . . . TLJ. I,wow: H, "among all
of wisdom. " After travel to many other places, including Babylon, again, Nineveh, Seleucia, Cyprus, and Paphos, A. "then sailed to Ionia, where he excited much admi- ration and no little esteem among all lovers of wisdom" [ibid. , 345].
9! . bell the boat: A story of pearl fishing at Balara ends thus: "they found the entire sea full of wild animals and it was crowded with seals; and the ships . . . carry bells . . . the sound of which frightens away these creatures" [ibid. , 343].
92. Grant, 0 Muses: The people of Symrna sent a deputation to. A. asking that he 'visit them. When A. asked why they wanted him, the legate said "to see him and be seen. " A. said: "I will come, but 0 ye Muses, grant that we may also like one another" [ibid. , 349-351].
93. "Oil . . . iY. AA~AWV: H, "we may also like one another. "
94. Ephesus . . . : A.
urged the people there to devote themselves to study: "for they were devoted to dancers and taken up with pantomimes, and the whole city was full of pipers, and full of effeminate rascals, and full of noise"
[ibid. , 351].
went to
Ephesus and
lovers
[82:17,18].
. . .
[ibid. , 361].
99. Em . . . 'ri01): H, "on board the ship [for
it was] already evening. " [The source has +7817, an adverb of time meariing "now" or "already. " With the subscript on the first eta, the word becomes a form of ei8w, but since with the rough breathing it means no- thing, we must assume an error of transcrip~ tion. ] At Ilium, A. said he "must spend a night on the mound of Achilles. " So "he went up alone to the b'di10W; but they went on board ship, for it was already evening"
[ibid. , 369].
100. "master . . . fire": A. had gathered in his travels a large group of followers. As autumn drew on and bad weather could be expected at sea, they wanted to be on his
or n
H, "do best
98. npixTTELlJ
what he knows" [the source has the singular 0' rather than the plural nominative di] . A. 's argument about keeping the peace included a tolerance for differences of opinion and the idea that each man should be urged to employ his best talent: "To me it seems best that each man should do what he under- stands best and what he best can do"
8VVCiTW:
103. AeoIis . . . : A. offered an
prayer to get Achilles to appear. When he did appear he granted A. the boon of an- swering 5 questions about the Trojan War. A. 's fifth question concerned Horner's rea- son for not mentioning Palamedes. Achilles said that Odysseus, to his shame, caused Palamedes' death and Homer didn't want to record that shame. Achilles said: "But you, 0 Apollonius, . . . must care for his tomb and restore the image of Palamedes . . . and it lies in Aeolis close to Methymna in Lesbos. " Then A. said to his companions: "With these words . . . Achilles vanished with a flash of summer lightning, for indeed the cocks were already beginning their chant" [ibid. , 383-385].
104. So that . . . margin: The source of these three lines is not known. They are not in Apollonius [cf. HK, "Under the Larches of Paradise," Gnomon] .
105. a touchstone: As A. approached Rome, he was warned to keep away because Nero would doubtless have him imprisoned or put to death, as he did with other philoso-
Indian
? ? 5S0
94/638-639
94/639
581
phers, so that young men were left without a teacher. A. said: "Well, of all the blessings which have been vouchsafed me by the gods . . . this present one . . . is the great? est . . . : for chance has thrown in my way a touchstone to test these young men . . . to prove . . . which of them are philosophers"
[ibid. , 335].
106. yiY. p ~ciaavo,: H, "for a touchstone" [ibid. , 434]. the remainder of the Greek line, if it occurs anywhere, must be part of a sentence that contains a transitive verb. KCt()CXpOV is an adjective in the objective case. It means, "pure, bright, clear. " The other words may mean, "and far from anything
mortal. "
107. "Hie sunt leones": L, "here are lions. " After Rome, A. traveled toward Gibraltar: "the extremity of Libya. . . furnishes a haunt to lions" [ibid. , 467].
. . .
[ibid. ]. And going west, right would be north.
109. Heliad's poplar: "At Gadeira/' A. and Damis visited a shrine shaded by two trees: "they were a cross between the pitch tree and the pine, and formed a third species; and blood dripped from their bark, just as gold does from the HeJiad poplar" [ibid. 473] .
110. their pillars: They came then to a tem- ple to Hercules: "the pillars in the temple were made of gold and silver smelted togeth- er . . . and their capitals were inscribed with letters which were neither Egyptian nor Indi- an" [ibid. ]. Pound identifies the letters as Sumerian.
1 1 I . OE ? . ? 1 T p a T T o v U L : H , " f o r t h e d o e r s o f holiness" [ibid. , 503].
112. yiiv . . . o,UtjJIY. An: H, "and the sea is all safe. " A. said: "let us not forget that the whole earth affords secure ground for the doers of holiness, and that the sea is safely traversed not only by people in ships but even by people attempting to swin" [ibid.
