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The ja velins, short spears, and darts the kerns, were favourite wea pons; the handles were generally ash, which was fitted long, sharp-pointed, iron steel head; this javelin was tied the arm shoulder thong cord great length, that they could hurl the enemy several yards distance, and recover the weapon again. These darts and javelins were whirled rapidly round the head, and then cast with such force that they penetrated the bodies men, even through their armour, and killed their horses great distance. the account the expedition king Richard II. Ireland, 191 these annals, French knight who was the king's army, describing their conflicts with the Irish, says, that “their soldiers rushed with fearful cries and clamours, which might heard good league off, and cast their darts with such might, that Haubergeon, coat mail, was
sufficient proof resist their force, their darts piercing them through both sides;” and further says, that the kerus “were
soldiers made rapid and irregular onsets into the ranks the enemy, not fighting exact order, but rushing and attacking on all sides,
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 00 l court were ordered to retain him with them should be allayed. They then came to the resolu
selves, until the anger of the sovereign against him
nimble and swift of foot, that, like unto stags, they ran over moun tains and vallies. ” Froissart in his Chronicle, giving an account of king Richard's expedition, says “the Irish soldiers were so re markably strong and active, that on foot they could overtake an English horseman at full speed, leap up behind the rider, and pull him off his horse. ” The kerns were divided into bodies of spear men, dart-men, slingers, and archers, and in after times, musket eers; the archers were very expert, and their hows were made chiefly of ash and yew. The galloglasses were the heavy infantry of the Irish, a sort of grenadiers, being select men of great strength
and stature, armed with swords and battle-axes, and also generally wore armour, as helmets and breast plates of iron, coats of mail,
composed of a network of small iron rings, and sometimes armour made of strong leather; shields or bucklers, made of wood, some
times covered with skins of animals. Their chief weapon was the battle-axe, and, in remote times, their warriors used a formidable weapon called a battle-hammer, which was a wooden club studded with short spikes and knobs of iron. Giraldus Cambrensis, in the 12th century, described the battle-axes of the Irish as large, heavy, well-tempered, and extremely keen-edged; the weapon was wielded by one hand, the thumb being placed on the handle to guide the stroke, and they struck with such force, that they often clove the skull of a warrior through his iron or brazen helmet with a single
tion of sending other officers and arms to Ireland,
Butler Aboo, and the Burkes had Clanrickard Aboo, and Mac Wil liam Aboo, and various other families had similar cries. The Irish chiefs had each their own banner and battle cry; the O'Neills had for their battle cry, Lamh-dearg n-uachtar, that the Red Hand uppermost, red bloody hand being their crest, and borne on their banners; the battle cry the O'Briens Thomond was, Lamh laidir n-uachtar, that the strong hand uppermost. Spenser, his View Ireland, thus speaks the kerns and gal loglasses, “yet sure they are very valiant ard hardy, great endurers cold, labour, hunger, and all hardness, very active and strong hand, very swift foot, very vigilant and circumspect their enterprises, very present perils, very great scorners death. ”
have had them large numbers, their chief forces being the kerns blow ; and Cambrensis says, that sometimes, with one stroke, they and galloglasses. The term Marcach was applied horseman,
cut off the thigh of a horseman, the limb falling on one side and the dead body on the other. The galloglasses were divided into bodies of swords-men and battle-axe-men, and being the strongest, steadiest, and best disciplined forces of the Irish, generally bore the
cavalry soldier, and Marc-Shluagh signified host, army, troop cavalry. Ridire signified knight, and was the name ap plied English chief armour. The Irish knights, according
Ware and others, were attended young man, page, some brunt of battle: the Irish commanders all wore armour, helmets, times called knave, by the old writers; according Ware, this
coats of mail, shields, &c.
Warriors, Weapons, Banners, Battle-cries, &c. —The terms
Taoiseach, and Taoiseach-Buidhne, Flaith, Ceann-Feadhna, or head of a force, and Ceann-Sloigh, that the head leader host, were all names applied military commanders; and the terms Laoch, Curraidh, Gaisgidh, Gaisgidheach, and Urradh, were ap plied champions, chieftains and heroes. The chief terms for weapons were Claidheamh, pronounced like cliav, sword; Tuagh,
Tuagh-catha, battle-axe Laighean, spear; Lam, lance javelin; Craoiseagh, lance, javelin, halberd; Ga, Gath,
Gai, dart; Saighead, arrow dart Bolg-Saighead, bag pouch for arrows, quiver; Sgian, Skian, dagger, but properly signifies knife, being sort large knife; this weapon was carried by all the Irish soldiers, and also by the chiefs, and
used close combat; the ancient sling was called Crann-tabhuil. The armour consisted the Luireach, Lorica, coat mail the shield, buckler and target were termed Sciath, and the helmet Cath-Bharr, derived from Cath, battle, and Barr, the head top. The banners the ancient Irish have been described
attendant was called Daltin, Irish Dailtin, which signifies fostered adopted person. The predatory troops the Irish are
often mentioned under the name Creach-Sluagh, derived from Creach, plunder, and Sluagh, host; the term Caoraighecht was applied body who attended the army predatory troops, and they are called by the English writers Creaghts. The hired troops the Irish chiefs were called Buanaighe, from Buan, which signifies hound, continued, and these mercenaries are mentioned
English writers under the name Bonnoghs Bonnoghts. The terms Sluagh ard Sochraide were applied army host.
The English forces were general better armed, accoutred, and disciplined, than the Irish, though not superior them valour, equal strength body, activity hardiness, stated by the earl Essex. The British cavalry was superior that the Irish, much better armed, accoutred, and disciplined, and their
cuirassiers, men-at-arms, were covered with coats mail plate-armour, and wore iron brazen helmets; they were armed with spears lances, swords, pistols, &c. Their archers were
also very powerful, and they had mounted archers amongst their cavalry. Their infantry were armed with swords, spears, and hal berds, pole-axes, and amongst them were also bodies archers; they always had far greater number musketteers
512, on the Battle Clontarf; the banner was termed Bratach,
and the standard Meirge; the standard-bearer was called Meirg
each, and banner-bearer Fear-Brataighe. The Bards attended
battle fields, and raised the Iłosg-catha, war-song. The Irish than the Irish, and they had several pieces artillery, all their rushed into battle with fierce shouts defiance, and loud battle
cries; their chief cry, according Ware, was Farrah, Farrah, the origin which word various opinions have beengiven an tiquaries, but may the same the word Fearadh O'Brien's Dictionary, which signifies fight valiantly, like man, or, ac
cording others, the Irish used the word Faire, Faire, pronounced Farray, which signifies watch, watch, your guard and the word Hurrah supposed have come from the same source. The war-cry Aboo, according various writers was used the Irish, and different opinions have been given its origin, but was de
battles the war Elizabeth, while appears the Irish scarcely ever had any cannon these engagements.
rived from the Irish word Buaidh, pronounced like bo-ee, which
signifies victory; this word was anglicised Aboo, and hence the
various chieftains are said have had their war-cries, O'Neill
Aboo, O'Donnell Aboo, O’Brien Aboo, that victory O'Neill, years' War. The War Elizabeth cost the lives some
O'Donnell, O'Brien, &c. The great Anglo-Irish families adop ted similar war cries; the Fitzgeralds had Croin Aboo, said have been taken from the castle Crom, Limerick, one the
ancient fortresses the Fitzgeralds; the Butlers Orinond had
hundreds thousands men, and millions money, with enor mous destruction property, cattle, corn, &c. , towns, cities, castles, monasteries, &c. , the whole Ireland presenting continued scene direful famine, rapine, and slaughter. Accor
appears the Irish scarcely ever had any cannon with the English, and O'Neill, addressing his men Ford, said, “My hopes victory are not placed artillery, but your valour. ”
The Coralry of the Irish might being chiefly kind light horse. javelins, swords, darts, and skians,
their battles the Yellow
the thunder
considered mounted kerns, They were armed with spears, daggers, and later times they had also pistols, like other dragoons; they sometimes wore armour, helmets, coats mail, shields, &c. The Irish not
appear have brought their cavalry any great perfection,
Earpenditure and numbers slain War Elizabeth. --During the entire 45 years the reign Elizabeth, fierce and almost incessant wars were carried on with the Irish princes, and chiefs; the earls Desmond, and the Geraldines Munster, and other great Anglo Irish families who resisted the Reformation. During the last years her reign, from 1588 1603, the contest raged with remarkable fury, particularly the North, against the O'Neills, O'Donnells, O'Rourkes, O'Reillys, Maguires, Mac Ma hons, Magennises, O'Kanes, &c. , who made the last stand Ulster for religous liberty and national independence. This contest called, O'Sullivan Beare, Bellum quindecem annorum, the
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663 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
namely, sir Charles Blunt, lord Mountjoy, as lord forces, would follow him, visit Meath, Leinster,
thousand armed men, with the necessary supplies the most direct ways the earl Des foran expedition, was got ready to accompany those mond, and he directed his course towards Uaithnibh officers to Ireland, and those were proceed and Clanwilliam the borders the Shannon (the
justice, for there was not a lord justice in Ireland Munster, and the southern side
for two years till then ; and sir George Cary (Ca certain who were friendly
rew), as president over the two provinces of Mun When Dermod, with his party
ster; a fleet, which contained upwards of six amongst the allied Irish Ormond, proceeded
Ulster particu St. Patrick that the council
diers, who were the service the earl Des ple and those the queen, and they carried mond, Munster, during the preceding year. conflict against Dermod and his force from the
land and sea the province
larly was about the festival
these matters were determined England.
baronies Owney and Arrain Tipperary and Ow neybeg and Clanwilliam Limerick). When the
baron Castleconnell (in Limerick), namely, Richard, the son Theobald, son William, son
Edmond Burke, heard Dermod’s arrival there, he and his brother Thomas collected all the was command over large body Irish sol horse and foot forces they could, their own peo
gentleman the house
namely, Dermod, the son Dudley, son Tuathal,
those wars, and some died their wounds disease, and others
1598, the public expenditurefor the sup port the army and other charges, was
were put Drury, died rott, died
- - - - -
In1601 ----- 322,502
O'Neill Ulster, 1597, and 1598, marshal Henry Bagnall was slain battle with O'Neill the Yellow Ford general sir John Norris died about the same time, the wounds received
the battles with O'Neill Ulster, and his brother, sir Thomas Norris, president Munster, and sir Henry Norris, were slain
battle with the Irish, 1599; and the same year, sir Conyers Clifford, governor Connaught, was slain the battle the
In 1602 Expenditure
Total
the previous years,
- above
290,733
1491,080 1240,779
Curlew mountains against O'Donnell; George Bingham, bro ther Richard, governor Connaught, was slain the Irish; sir John Chichester, governor Carrickfergus, was slain the Mac Donnells, and
£2,731,859
IIugh Maguire, Ireland, was put
Warham St. Leger was killed near Cork,
1600. The earl Essex, after his return from
death England, 1601, and sir Walter
Raleigh, who had been commander Ireland, was put death
The cost the war Elizabeth given Morrison, Cox, and Borlase. 1578, according Cox, the money sent Elizabeth
into Ireland since her accession the crown 1558, that for period years, amounted £490,779, nearly half million money. From 1573 1598, period years almost con tinued contest with the Irish chiefs, including the great war with
for treason.
O'Conor Don,
the English, and
£299,111 50,000 222,961 255,773 the earl Kildare, were mortally wounded battle with Contingencies - - - - - 50,000
than before. Morrison and Cox give the amount these years follows:
expenditure
Contingencies
In 1599 1600
Total
Borlase, his Reduction Ireland, says, that the war the Irish
with Elizabeth, the last four years, eost more than million money; and sir John Davis says, his Tracts, 79, that the war with O'Neill cost “a million sterling pounds least,” and Mor rison says, that during the last four years the cost was more than one million, besidesgreat Concordatums, great charge munitions, and other great extraordinaries. The entire cost the Irish wars
the reign Elizabeth was, above shown, nearly three mil
lions sterling, enormous expenditure
value money being estimated
greater than modern times, that
equivalent least £10 the present day; therefore, the
cost the war Elizabeth may estimated about thirty mil lions sterling.
Ireland, as opposed him. forces, arrived
Dermod proceeded, the end the same year,
monastery Uaitne (the abbey Owney, Abington, the barony Owneybeg), Droi cheat-Buinbriste, the county Limerick, and great number his leaders and common soldiers were slain during that distance. When Dermod
the beginning the month visit O’Neill, whom having terminated his visit
December, pay was kindly received;
O’Neill the month watchful
ding the previous calculations the present article, there fell
asked leave beginning
sired him which he was
January; O'Neill de and his party were crossing the forementioned
his satisfaction, return Munster, the
the countries through pass, and that himself, with his
bridge,
Burke, namely, the baron, and Thomas, rushed
those wars, during years, least 70,000
came from England, and about 30,000 more
and Irish allies, that 100,000 men the side
probably about the same number the Irish against the queen, either the field fainine, thus making all 200,000 men slain Ireland, the numerous battles, sieges, conflicts, burnings, and massacres, during the Elizabethean war. great number the English generals, and many the lords deputies, were killed
death England. The lord deputy sir William Waterford, 1579; the lord deputy sir John Per the Tower London; the lord deputy Borough, and
the Geraldines Munster, the cost must have been, moderate calculation, least £30,000 a-year, that about the average the preceding years, thus making £750,000. But the great war with Hugh O’Neill, and other chiefs, during the last four five years the reign Elizabeth, from 1597 1602, was carried with greater vigour, larger armies, and more enormous expenditure
the troops that their Anglo-Irish
was then that those two sons Theobald
those days, the relative least ten twelve times £1 that time being
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forward, with arrogance and fierceness, from the midst of their own force into the thick of Dermod’s
party, but they were not able to return back safe, they were surrounded, felled and put the
sword, without reserve, by their enemies; was cause lamentation what Dermod and his party committed on that occasion, viz. , the slaying the baron and Thomas, and although they were young
age, they were heroic fame and noble deeds.
could conveyed were carried away out
that nothing was left but ashes, instead
corn, and embers place dwellings; im mense numbers their men, women, sons, and daughters, were left dying, perishing state;
some gentlemen his own tribe and lineage were left the country, opposition O’Carroll.
O'Neill (earl Feardorcha, son
Corco
Tyrone), Hugh, the son
Con Bacach, mustered force January this year, march
Roscrea, Ikerrin (in Tipperary),
Teineadh (the parishes Templemore and Killea, with some adjoining districts, which was the pa trimony the O'Cahills, Tipperary), marching forward from one encampment another, until arrived the gate the monastery Holycross; they were not long there when the Holy Cross was brought them, shield and protect them, and the Irish gave large presents, alms, and many offerings, conservators and monks, honour the Almighty God; and they protected and respected the monastery, with buildings, the lands appro priated for use, and inhabitants, general. O'Neill remained for some part the month February this time the borders Ele-Deis ceartaidhe South Ely, the barony Eliogarty, Tipperary), the western part
the country the Butlers, along the river Suir and Kilnamanagh. The earl Ormond, namely, Thomas, the son James, son Pierce Butler, the earl Kildare, Gerald, the
the month
the south Ireland, confirm his friendship with those who were war alliance with him, and
wreak his vengeance his enemies. O’Neill,
having departed from the province Ulster, pro
ceeded along the borders Meath and Brefney, (county Cavan), and into Dealbna Mor (barony Delvin, Westmeath), and committed great
destruction through the country, until the baron Delvin, namely, Christopher, the son Richard,
son Christopher (Nugent), submitted O'Neill his own terms; completely spoiled Machaire Cuirche (barony Kilkenny West, West
meath), and every thing belonging Theobald Dillon. O’Neill afterwards marched the gates the town Athlone, along the southern side
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 663
O'Neill proceeded onward the borders ach-Mor Magh Dala, (near Burros,
Beal Ossory),
Clan-Colman, Kinel Fiachy (the territory
Mac Geoghegan, Westmeath), and into Farcall
(O'Molloy’s country, King's county), which
country remained encamped for nine nights, and son Edmond, son Gerald, and the bar the people Farcall, the south Leinster, and Delvin, namely, Christopher, the son
Westmeath, made their submission, and con Richard, son Christopher (Nugent), with firmed their friendship with him. O'Neill those who were service and obedience the leaving that country, proceeded over Slieve Bloom queen, from that country Dublin, were threat (Mountains the borders Tipperary, King's ening every night engage and attack O’Neill,
and Queen's counties) westward, and sent forth three predatory parties one day into the territory Ely, account his animosity against
O'Carroll, lord Ely, (in Tipperary and King's county), namely, Calvach, the son Wil liam Odhar, son Fearganainm, revenge the inhuman murder, and sanguinary abominable mas sacre which had committed the Orgiellian gentlemen the Mac Mahons, who were under his protection and his employment, we have stated the preceding year; the fate that evil deed befel the territory Ely that occasion, for cattle, wealth, and great property, that
and although they privately resolved that, they did not put into execution. O’Neill, after that,
marched the gates Cashel, which place the earl Desmond came meet him, namely, James, the son Thomas Roe, son James, son John, who had been appointed his command, and
his own authority, opposition the statutes
the sovereign, and they were rejoiced meet each
other; they afterwards proceeded westward across the Suir Cnamhchoill, Slieve-Muice, along the east Slieve-Claire, Bearnaigh-Dhearg, Clangibbon (barony Condons and Clangibbons,
the county Cork), Roche’s country (barony
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664 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
of Fermoy, in Cork), and to the estate of Barry Mac Donoghs, lords of Duhallow); thither came more (barony of Barrymore). " O'Neill neither in the O’Donoghoes, the O’Donovans, O’Mahonys;
jured nor devastated anything in those countries thither came the greater portion of the English and
through which he passed, except of such as he
found were unfriendly on account of family discord;
he afterwards proceeded to Barry's country, as he
was always acting in support of the queen, and the sent to him tokens of submission, and valuable person who was at that time the Barry (lord Barry presents, except Barry More before mentioned; more), was David, the son of James, son of Richard, the lord of Muskerry, namely, Cormac, the son of son of Thomas, son of Edmond. O’Neill remained Dermod (Mac Carthy), and O’Sullivan Beare, i. e. in the country until he preyed, and burned, and Donal, the son of Donal, son of Dermod. O'Neill ransacked it from one corner to the other, both
plains and high grounds, and smooth and rugged districts, so that no one considered or expected it
would be occupied or inhabited for a long time.
O'Neill afterwards proceeded beyond Cork, and
across the river Lee southward, and he pitched his
campbetween the Lee and the river Bandon, on the
borders of Muskerry and Carberry; all the Mac
Carthys, north and south, came and submitted to
O'Neill in that camp; thither came two who were
in contention and strife with each other respecting
the lordship of Desmond, namely, the son of Mac
Carthy Riavach, i. e. Fingin (Florence), the son of from thence he went to Rinn-Corrain (Rincorran Donogh, son of Donal, son of Florence, and the son near Kinsale), viz. , the town of Barry Oge, in of Mac Carthy More, namely, Donal, the son of Kinel-Aodha (barony of Kinelea, in Cork); they Donal, son of Donal, son of Cormac Ladhrach; afterwards repaired back with their preys and thither came the sons of the lord of Ealla (the
A. D. 1600.
1. Localities in Tipperary, Limerick, and Cork. -The places
above mentioned in the text were situated in Tipperary and Lime rick, and the following account of these localities has been chiefly
collected from information kindly communicated by Andrew O'Ryan of Gortkelly, Esq. , in that county, a learned gentleman,
IG” The Passof Plumes. —At the year 1599, p. 649, an account has been given of the battle of the Pass of Plumes, in which the O'Moores of Leix, the O'Dempseys, and others, attacked and slew great numbers of the earl of Essex's cavalry, on his expedition to Munster. The locality where this engagement took place, is stated, in Lewis's Topographical Dictionary, and in the Dublin Penny
possessed of much knowledge on the ancient topography and fa Journal for March, 1835, in the article on Lea Castle, to be Bally milies of those localities, and clans of Tipperary, which he has brittas, or the Pass of Ballybrittas, in Queen's county, between furnished. Cnamhchoill is considered to be the place called Do Monastereven and Maryborough. But the learned antiquary noghille, in the parish of the same name, and barony of Clanwil
liam, anciently called Muiscry Cuirc, and this account appears to
agree with the statement of Keating on the ancient divisions of
Munster. Slieve Muice is situated on the borders of Tipperary,
not far from Galbally, and forms one of the chain of hills called
Slieve-na-Muck, at the foot of the Galtees, and overlooks the glen
of Aherlow, on the borders of Limerick. Slieve Claire is further
on in Limerick, and Bearna Dearg, or the Red Gap, are known by
those names at the present day; the latter place is traditionally
said to have been in ancient times the scene of a sanguinary con
flict, from which it got the name of the Red Gap or Pass. From year 1601, stating that Shane Mac Kedagh O'Moore, and Owny this place O'Neill appears to have crossed the river Funcheon to the
castle of Fitzgerald, called the White Knight, at Mitchelstown,
through Clangibbon and Condon's Country, in Cork, at the foot of
the Kilworth mountains, thence by Castle Drining and Castle Lee to Fermoy, or Roche's Country, to Barry's Castle, and by Rath
cormac and Glanmire to Cork. Slieve Eibhline, near Cashel, a place often mentioned in the Annals, is considered to be a large hill situated south-west of Mantle hill, near Golden, and between it and the parish of Clonoulty, in Tipperary, and it forms part of a chain of hills extending from Ballyowen to Cashel.
Mac Rory O'Moore (Anthony O'Moore), had entered into rebellion against the queen at Bealaronie (Ballyroan), on the 20th of June,
Irish of the two provinces of Munster, from the great town outward, in submission and obedience to O'Neill, and such of them as were not able to come,
obtained eighteen hostages of the chiefs of Munster at that camp, and he continued for fifteen days consulting and arranging matters among the men of Munster, and pacifying them with one another, in their contentions.
Maguire, i. e. Hugh, the son of Cuchonacht, was along with O’Neill at that time; one day, in the month of March this year, shortly before the fes tival of St. Patrick, he proceeded with a small party of horse, and some foot, to scour the dis tricts at a distance from the camp, and he did not halt until he arrived at the gates of Kinsale, and
booty, and with a great deal of beeves and provisions
Thomas L. Cooke, Esq. of Parsonstown in King's county, in a communication on the subject, which he has kindly furnished, con siders, with great probability, that the conflict of the Pass of Plumes took place within about a mile of the village of Ballyroan, in the parish of Ballyroan, between Maryborough and Abbeyleix ; the locality is still called The Pass, and there is a defile there, with a morass on the one side and the Cullinagh Hills on the other, and the river of Ballyroan in front, the whole presenting a most favourable place for an attack or ambuscade. Mr. Cooke quotes an Inquisition taken at Tankardstown, the 43rd of Elizabeth, or the
in the 41st of her reign, that is in the year 1599; and other Inqui sitions, taken at the same place and time, which find that many the O'Moores and others entered into rebellion Strad bally, confirm Mr. Cooke his opinion that the O'Moores came from Stradbally, and surprised the army Essex his left flank,
his march towards Abbeyleix.
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 665
As they were fatigued at the end of the day, exalted, and marched forward slay his enemy, after the long journey, on account of the greatness he did on that occasion, for he and sir Warham of their prey and booty, what Maguire's people attacked each other with fiercerage and determined did was, to remain in the next place to them, to animosity, and each them wounded the other; protect their prey and booty, and Maguire repaired, but, however, Warham was slain the spot by without stopping or halting, to proceed to O’Neill’s Maguire, and five the horsemen who were along
camp. When Maguire had left the camp, in the beginning of that very day, intelligence was sent
to Cork to sir Waram Salender (sir Warham St.
Leger), vice-president of the two provinces of
Munster, informing him of Maguire's departure
from the camp, with a small force, as he had gone,
and the direction in which he went ; sir Warham
did not neglect that affair, but immediately
mustered an active troop of horse, armed and obliged dismount from his horse, and imme clad in armour, and marched out from Cork to diately afterwards died. The death Maguire a certain narrow defile, by which he expected was cause profound sorrow and severe afflic Maguire would come on his return ; having re tion O’Neill, and the Irish chiefs general,
with sir Warham were killed like manner by Maguire; himself, however, was deeply cut
and wounded that conflict, and became incapa
ble carrying the contest that occasion,
that what did was, pass through them with out remaining fight any longer, and did not
proceed far from the place encounter when the weakness death came on him, that he was
mained a short time in that ambush, they espied Maguire coming towards them, with his small party of horsemen, and they having perceived each other, it was not to retrace a step, a disposition of
avoiding or an inclination to that the person who came thither displayed, but rather his courage was
Fermanagh, says, “albeit Hugh Maguire, that was slain Cuchonacht Constantine, became the Maguire, and joined Munster, was indeed valiant rebel, and the stoutest that ever O'Neill, but had many contests for the lordship with another was his name. ” An account the conflict between Maguire chief named Conor Roe, who joined the English, and was called and St. Leger given the Pacata Hibernia, Cox and Mac the queen's Maguire. Sir John Davis, his Tracts on Ferma
and that was not be wondered at, for he was the pillar battle and conflict, the shield pro
tection and deliverance, tower defence and fortitude, and the mainstay hospitality and gene rosity the Orgiellians, and most the Irish
general his time. ”
Death Maguire. —The above mentioned Hugh Maguire, five whom slew, and escaped from them, but died his
lord Fermanagh, was very valiant chieftain, and commanded,
for period about ten years, the war with Elizabeth; de
feated the English forces various engagements Ulster and
Connaught, which accounts have been given the course
these Annals, and was particularly distinguished com modern arm. Hugh Maguire was the last prince Fermanagh, mander cavalry under Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone, whom he for none the chiefs after his time possessed the power pro accompanied all his expeditions. Sir John Davis, his Tracts perty their ancestors. On the death Hugh, his brother,
Geoghegan. Maguire stated Mac Geoghegan have gone out from O'Neill's camp, reconnoitre the country near Cork, and was attended the time only by few followers, amongst others priest, with Niall O’Durnin, and Edmond Mac Caffry, his standard-bearer. About mile from Cork unexpectedly en countered sir Warham St. Leger, president Munster, the head party horsemen. the Pacata stated that St. Leger was accompanied several captains, and guard horse; and Fynes Morrison says that Henry Poer was also along with him. This encounter took place within about mile Cork, February, according the Pacata, but March, accord fng these Annals. Cox says, that St. Leger rode out take the air near Cork, when accidently met Maguire; but the Four Masters state that St. Leger went out with party prepared
magh, states that Conor Roe Maguire got grant the county Fermanagh from the queen letters patent, but was afterwards persuaded surrender his patent, and, on the submission Cu chonacht, the country was divided between the two chiefs. On the plantation Ulster with British colonies, the reign Jaines I. , almost the whole Fermanagh was confiscated and transferred
English and Scotch settlers; but, according Pynnar's Survey,
12,300 acres were regranted Conor Roe Maguire, the baro nies Magherastephana,Tirkennedy, Clankelly, and Knockninny.
Bryan Roe Maguire, son Conor Roe, was created baron En niskillen, James I. , and his son Conor, sister the cele brated Owen Roe O'Neill, succeeded second baron; he became
active leader the great insurrection 1641, and having laid plan seize the castle Dublin, was taken prisoner, sent
attack Maguire. The dauntless Maguire, though encountering
fearful odds, struck spurs his horse, and advanced like lion, and being tried for high treason, was, February, 1644,
for was man who never turned his back enemy. stated the Pacata that St. Leger instantly discharged pistol
hanged and beheaded Tyburn; account his trial given Temple's Irish Rebellion. Several other lords Enniskillen, the Maguires, are mentioned de Burgo's Hibernia Dominicana,
Maguire, and shot him, and was also struck the head
some the horsemen. The valiant Magnire, though mortally but they were merely nominal barons, having little none the
wounded, summoned all his strength, and struck St. Leger such blow with his sword, that cleft his head through his helmet, which wound soon after died. Maguire then dashing onward, with desperate energy, cut his way through the ranks horsemen,
property power their ancestors. Conor Maguire, son Con- or, who was executed Tyburn, became the third baron, and his son Hugh was the fourth Roger, his uncle, became the fifth baron;
wounds the same day. The sword the ancient chiefs the Ma guires was some tiune the possession Mr. Geraghty, the pub lisher these Annals; was excellent workmanship, scimitar form, but heavy that could hardly wielded any
London, and confined the Tower, where remained long time,
was colonel the service king James II. , and sat his
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666 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
Some assert that O’Neill would not have re without an attack in any pass or defile, or the
turned from Munster ’till the following May, were death of any worth notice on his side, except
Maguire alone, as we have before stated. ”
The earl of Ormond and the earl of Thomond
proceeded from Limerick, along the river Suir, in
pursuit of O'Neill, and he having passed them
without battle or encounter, the earl of Thomond
burned some corn and dwellings in Clangibbon,
in the estateof the Ridire Fionn (the White Knight).
These two earls proceeded into the country of the Butlers, and to Kilkenny, where they passed the
Easter, and after the Easter holydays, they went to Dublin, to welcome and pay their respects to those
new officers who had come to Ireland, namely, lord Mountjoy, the lord justice, and George Ca rew, president the two provinces Munster; when these earls had made their visit Dublin, they returned back, without delay, accompanied
the president, until they arrived Kilkenny.
pose that the earl of Desmond might have their
aid and services. O’Neill afterwards proceeded, ted for holding conference between the earl
it not for the death of Maguire after that manner, so that what he did was to proceed south-east of
Cork, to the estate of Barry More (barony of Bar rymore), to Roche’s Country (barony of Fermoy),
and to Clangibbon ; he then took his leave of the Momonians, and he promised them that if he could get an opportunity, from the war carried on against him by the English, he would again visit them, to settle their disputes, arrange their affairs, and
make peace between them; he took some of their chiefs as hostages, and some as prisoners, to bring
them to Tyrone, and he left others of them in the keeping of the earl of Desmond, and of Redmond,
the son of John Burke; he gave his own autho rity and warrant to Dermod O'Conor and to the
sons of John Burke, for maintaining two thousand men in the country of the Geraldines, for the pur
in the most direct roads, to Cliadh of Mal, the son
of Ugaine (in the county of Limerick), to the river
Suir, and by the south of Cashel; although the
lord justice and the president (lord Mountjoy, and
sir George Carew), had a large army both by land
and sea, after having arrived in Dublin, on the
first days of March, and although the earl of Tho mond, and the earl of Ormond, were in Limerick,
prepared to attack him on his return from the south, he passed them in marching back in the
exact routes by which he had proceeded to Mun ster, until he arrived in Tyrone, without experi encing from them any disturbance or opposition,
parliament at Dublin, in 1689, but his estates were confiscated by king William, for his adherence to the House of Stuart. Philip, brother of Roger, was called the sixth baron, and was married to a daughter of sir Phelim O'Neill, general of the Ulster Irish, in 1641, by whom he had a son, Theophilus, called the seventh ba ron; his son Alexander, according to de Burgo, was the eighth tharon, and was a captain in Buckley's regiment, in the Irish Bri gades in the service of France.
Ormond, and Anthony, the son Rory Oge
O'Moore, and each accompanied num
ber men arms and armour, that meeting; the earl Ormond took with him, his own side, the president and the earl Thomond, that con ference; when both parties came the place parley, which had been selected between them, adjacent Beul-Atha-Raghat (Ballyragget), they began argue about their affairs, and complain their wrongs against each other, until length gentleman Anthony’s party laid hold the reins and trappings the earl Ormond’s horse, and finally determined make the earl prisoner; when
Irish Munster; but appears from the Annals, that only inci dentally visited the celebrated Cistercian abbey Holy-cross. O'Neill organised the forces Munster, and concerted measures with the earl Desmond for carrying the war; deposed Do nal Mac Carthy More, who had joined the English, and placed Flo rence MacCarthy, chief Carberry Cork, his stead, lord
Desmond. After remaining more than month Munster, where was honourably received most the chiefs, and recognised
3. O'Neill's Erpedition to Munster. —Morrison says, “Tyrone,
who had hitherto contented himself in the North, only making
short excursions from thence into the Pale, being proud of his vic
tories, and desirous to show his greatness abroad, resolved with
his forces to measure the length of Ireland. ” O'Neill set out on
this expedition from Tyrone, about the 20th of January, 1600, and
on the 23rd arrived in Cavan, where he was joined by some forces
of Brefney O'Reilly; he marched through Meath and Leinster,
with a force, according to Morrison, of 2,500 foot and 200 horse.
His object was to organise the forces of Leinster and Munster, and
concert measures with his friend, James Fitzgerald, earl of Des 1000 his men with the earl Desmond, and 800 with his ally
mond. Morrison and Cox state that O'Neill, under pretence of a Richard Butler, lord Mountgarret, and with small force only pilgrimage to Holycross in Tipperary, proceeded to orgauise the 600 men retuned by rapid marches Ulster.
was not long after that when day was appoin
the ancient kings Ireland, and having overran the ter the lords and chiefs who had joined the English, reduced subjection, and compelled them give hostages, re
like one
ritories
them
turned towards Leinster, and appointed Richard Tyrrell, chief commander that province. He then proceeded between Ath lone and Mullingar, through Westmeath, and stated Mor rison and Cox that, the 10th March, the lord deputy Moun joy proceeded with the English forces from Dublin, Mullingar,
intercept O’Neill, but, before the deputy arrived, had passed into Brefney O'Reilly. Morrison and Cox state that O’Neill left
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the president and the earl of Thomond saw that affair they turned their horses back, and did not halt until they arrived at Kilkenny; but, however, the earl of Thomond was wounded in that rencoun
ter; Anthony, the son of Rory (O'Moore), brought the earl of Ormond with him into the fastnesses
of his territory, and it was a news of surprise
throughout Ireland that the earl of Ormond should
have been imprisoned in that place. " In a week
after the earl of Ormond was taken prisoner, the
president and the earl of Thomond proceeded from
Kilkenny to Waterford, from thence to Youghal,
Thomond. was this time that private correspondence was carried between the presi dent and the earl Thomond, the one side, and Dermod, the son Dudley O'Conor, the other;
was person who was the military service the earl Desmond, for hire and pay, precious
gifts, and valuable property, for some years before this time, and who had then great number mercenary soldiers under his controul and com mand the determination which Dermod’s mis fortune brought him was, deliver the earl Desmond the president, and the earl Tho
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 667
and from Youghal to Cork. When the earl of mond, consideration wealth and profit, and
Desmond, and Florence, the son of Donogh Mac
Carthy, received intelligence of their arrival in that place, they came with their forces and for med extensive encampment tents, that they completely surrounded Cork, north and south,
every direction; they remained for whole fort
night that manner, when month's truce was
agreed upon between Florence Mac Carthy and
the president. After the truce was ratified between and the very centre his country and lands, them, the earl Desmond marched through the for Dermod’s power was very great, and his men country procure provisions for his Buannadha were very numerous that country. After (Bonaghts hired soldiers). When the president had taken the earl prisoner, the place where sent and the earl of Thomond learned that those who him guarded was, one the earl’s own were opposed them had separated from each castles, viz. ,Caislen-an-Lissin (Castlelissen), the
the freedom and benefit estate for himself, and for all those who joined him; sent messen gers privately with those conditions the president, and the earl (of Thomond), and they respectively
very centre the country the Geraldines, and
put many Conacian kerns were requisite defend and watch the castle into along with the earl, guard him that castle; himself
proceeded another part the country, and sent his messenger the president, and the earl Tho mond, inform them the affair, and demanding
that had been promised him for the earl. When
him prisoner. Carew and Thomond, who were convenient, be came alarmed, and ran his assistance; attempting rescue the earl, one his men was killed O'Moore's pikemen, five were wounded, and fourteen them taken prisoners. O'Moore
laid hands on Carew, but the earl Thomond rushed his assis tance, and they both escaped, says Morrison, the swiftness their horses; but the earl Thomond was wounded the back with the thrust pike. curious plate, with representa tion this affair, given the Pacata Hibernia. The countess
Ormond addressed letters O'Neill for the earl's liberation, which she obtained condition, says Mac Geoghegan, that he would not again act against his religion his country, and that he should give hostages for his fidelity. stated Lodge's Peerage that Ormond was detained prisoner by O'Moore 'till the 12th June, when was set liberty delivering hostages
ratified their compacts. Dermod did not delay what he had undertaken, for he took the earl Desmond prisoner, one the first days the month June this year, his own territory,
---
other, and that the way from Cork Limerick was clear them march, they proceeded with two
three hundred cavalry, and one two thousand soldiers, from Cork Mallow, from Mallow Kilmallock, and from Kilmallock Limerick. The earl of Desmond then marched into the Con
nelloes (in Limerick), with an immense force, watch and reconnoitre the president and the earl
Capture the Earl Ormond. —An account this affair given Morrison, Mac Geoghegan, Cox, and the Pacata Hiber
nia. On the 7th April, 1600, sir George Carew, president Munster, accompanied the earl Thomond, lord Audley, and many officers, with force 700 men, proceeded Naas and Carlow, and, the third day, arrived Kilkenny.
They were
visited Thomas Butler, earl Ormond, who informed them that had appointed parley, arrange some disputes with the chief
Anthony O'Moore.
Kilkenny, with
called Corrone-duffe, Idough, near Bally ragget, the barony Fassadining, Kilkenny, towards the borders Queen's county. O'Moore came forward from the woods, where left his forces,
On the 11th they all rode out together from body their forces, and met O'Moore place
and was accompanied only few pikemen. The forces both parties were some distance, when the conference took place;
O'Moore was accompanied Jesuit named Archer, and Or for the payment £3000, should seek any retaliation for his
mond, having entered into controversy with him, called him
traitor, which O'Moore's people became enraged, and one them, having seized the earl, dragged him off his horse and made
injury; and stated the Annals 670, that Ormond was obliged deliver, for his release, sixteen hostages the sons the principal persons the country.
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668 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
the Geraldines received intelligence of the capture arrived the walls of the earl, and of the predicament in which he was mind any opposition
placed, the race of Maurice Fitzgerald collected and made little
from quarters, certain day, the vicinity their people, until they length took the castle
Castlelissen; thither came Fitzmaurice Kerry, from the guards, and liberated the earl out namely, Patrick, the son Thomas, son Ed force, without paying ransom for him,
mond; the knight Kerry, namely William, the
son John, son William the knight Glyn, i. e. Edmond, the son Thomas, son Edmond,
son Thomas; the White Knight, namely Ed mond, the son John the earl’s own brother, i. e. John, the son Thomas Roe, and agentleman
the Burkes, whose name was William, the son Shane-na-Seamar, son Richard Saxanach, who
without himself being wounded, losing drop blood, and they gave quarter the guards.
That capture the earl Desmond became disgrace and dishonour Dermod O'Conor, throughout Ireland, and when the earl went mongst his people, commanded Dermod, and every Connaughtman who was along with him and their kerns, quit the country, which they accor dingly did forthwith, and they proceeded from the
had been engaged along with the earl, since was
appointed earl, till that time. After these had country the Geraldines with much wealth and assembled together, they were not long consul treasure, moveable property and cattle, and was
tation when they came the resolution dividing themselves the four quarters the castle,
not easy enumerate all that the Conacians car ried away with them, various kinds property,
before and that time, from the country the Geraldines, during the period their own con
tentions with each other, till then,”.
the month July, after that, the president
the place appointed Conello, the borders Limerick and Cork, attended some his men, and was there met O'Conor with party his soldiers; after some time controversy arose between the marshal O'Conor and Murrogh Mac Sheehy, the marshal Desmond, and then O'Conor laid hands on the earl, and made him prisoner the name O'Neill, declaring him trai tor, and justify this proceeding his followers, produced Carew's fictitious letter proof Desmond's guilt, saying had intercepted and thus falsely charging the earl having conspired against his life. Desmond was sent by O'Conor the fortress Castleishin, situated the great wood and fastnesses
the castle, and they did not injury they experienced,
that were slain and destroyed
attack forthwith, and
safety their bodies,
liberated the earl out
force; they then proceeded directly until they
have regard for the precious lives, until they
either by persuasion
Capture the earl of Desmond and death
These events are related the Pacata Hibernia, and
Cox, and Mac Geoghegan. The above-mentioned earl
was James Fitz-Thomas Fitzgerald, who had beenappointed earl
her brother, James Fitzgerald, whom the queen had about this time appointed earl Desmond, opposition the other James,
appointed earl O'Neill, and influenced by the offers induced her husband O'Conor undertake the capture
were, the earl Desmond, which the earl represented who commanded 100 foot the queen's pay; O'Conor having
and amongst the parties who conspired this transaction
tioned Miler Magrath, archbishop Cashel, one the chief
conspiring against the life O'Conor, and promising deliver him dead alive into the hands Carew. This forged letter was sent by Carew O'Conor, who was cognizant the plan, and was produce intercepted him, justify his soldiers
his taking Desmond; and thus O'Conor concealed his treachery from his own followers, having apparently good excuse for seiz ing the earl. These things being contrived, O'Conor sent mes sage Desmond, meet him place parley the 18th June, concert measures concerning the war. The earl came
taken refuge old church, Burke burned over his head, and coming out was taken prisoner, and 40 his men slain; on the following morning Burke cut off O'Conor's head, alleging
that did revenge for the death his cousin, Lord Burke, who was slain Munster, conflict with O'Conor. The lord deputy Mountjoy, according the Pacata Hibernia, cashiered and dismissed Theobald the Ships from the queen's service for this daring deed. Dermod O'Conor gained nothing by his treachery Desmond for he never received the thousand pounds had been
O'Conor— Morrison,
Desmond
Desmond by Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone, and was active
ally O'Neill against the queen. He was commonly called by
the Anglo-Irish the sugan earl, signifying the earl straw, his
title was not recognised by the English. He was distinguished
commander Munster for some years against the queen, and Cox
says he was the handsomest man his time. The plot for his
capture was formed by sir George Carew, president Munster,
and this treacherous transaction fully detailed the Pacata Hi Conello, on the borders Cork, Limerick, and Kerry, the ruins bernia. Dermod O'Conor Don, above-mentioned, was chief
the O'Conors Roscommon, very valiant man, who, with
body 1500 kerns and galloglasses from Connaught, had entered
the service of the earl of Desmond. O'Conor was married to Mar
garet, daughter Gerald Fitzgerald, the celebrated earl Des
mond who was put death the English Munster, I583,
related the Annals. The lady Margaret, promote the interests
Carew, the earl, men
before stated. The lady Marga
ers, safe conduct from Carew, and also from sir Arthur Savage, governor Connaught, and the earl Clanrickard, and Carew
sent 100 foot guard O'Conor soon he should enter Tho agents. O'Conor was promised reward £1000 for his trea mond. O'Conor set out October, and proceeded through Clan chery, soon he took Desmond prisoner, and, give colour rickard O'Shaughnessy's country near Gort, Galway, where the affair, Carew wrote with his own hand letter addressed, and his party were attacked Theobald Burke the Ships,
which castle still remain the parish Knock temple, the county Cork, near the mansion sir James Fitzgerald. The Geraldines, with Pierce Lacy and others, having assembled their
followers, took the fortress, and liberated the earl on the 26th June. Dermod O'Conor and his Connaughtmen were then ex pelled out Munster for his treachery Desmond, but the young
earl Desmond being sent
year (1600), O'Conor resolved
earl being his brother-in-law,
ret, the earl's sister, got for her husband, O'Conor, and his follow
Ireland by the queen the same repair him Munster, the
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 669
and the earl of Thomond, with a large force of Limerick, towards the borders Kerry). When soldiers, proceeded from Limerick westward, on O'Conor Kerry, namely John, the son Conor the northern side of the Shannon, through the O'Conor, learned that the forces the country county of Clare, until they arrived at Baile-Meg were diminished, and that Cloch-Gleanna (the Colmain in Triocha-ced of eastern Corcobaiscin Rock the Glyn), had been taken without (barony of Clonderlaw); they then crossed the slaughter hazard, went the president and Shannon in boats to Cloch-Ghleanna (the Rock of earl (of Thomond), and promised
the Glen), a town (or castle), which lies on the alliance with his sovereign from that forth, and southern banks of the Shannon, and was one of gave up his castle Carrigafoyle (on small island the towns of the Knight of the Glyn; and it was Kerry, near the mouth the Shannon),
from that Glen in which the town is situated, viz. , guarantee and security the president and the Gleann-Corbraighe, the knight took his title, and earl. When became generally known Kerry,
also that Rock, to which the great clamorous force came, derived its name; large ordnance was con veyed in boats from Limerick to the president and the earl of Thomond, to the same castle, and having planted it against the castle, they
and Clan Maurice, that the queen’s people gained those advantages over their opponents,
they commenced demolish their castles, and leave their residences and family seats wide open; they took away with them their women and people behind the rugged-topped hills, and into intricate and retired woods, from along the river Mang (in
the end two days, and demolished the heavy ordnance, after which
reduced portion
they assaulted
twenty forty the officers and common soldiers
the Knight’s people, who were guarding the castle, along with many women and young people; some the men the president, and the earl, were also slain by the guards, and that castle would not easily taken, were not that his people separated from the earl Desmond before that time. (This was the castle Fitzgerald, the Knight Glyn, the banks the Shannon
directions, and they slew Kerry), and the borders Desmond. When the president and the earl Thomond learned that
promised, besides, he lost his life consequence that transac
tion; the lady Margaret was meet Carew Kilmallock, and queen's forces promise pardon, and receiving sum £60
receive the money, but before that affair was arranged, the earl of Desmond was rescued from Castleishin, and O'Conor was refused his reward. The earl Desmond’s forces being dispersed the course the war, was reduced great distress, and the 29th
May, 1601, while concealed cave the mountain Slieve grot, Tipperary, was taken prisoner by Fitzgibbon, called the White Knight, chief the Clan Gibbon, branch the Geraldines
Munster, hence called Fitzgerald some writers; the White Knight was bribed by Carew betray Desmond, and hav ing delivered him Shandon Castle, received from Carew, says Mac Geoghegan, reward £1000 for this infamous act. The earl was some time secured irons Shandon castle, and, being tried Cork, was condemned for treason. About the same time the celebrated chief, Florence Mac Carthy Desmond, who was alliance with O'Neill, was likewise, by the contrivance Carew, taken prisoner, and and the earl Desmond were sent together prisoners London, the 14th August, 1601, and confined the tower, where, after imprisonment seven years, the earl died 1608, and was buried the chapel the Tower. Another plot was laid Carew, 1600, against John Fitz Tho mas Fitzgerald, the earl Desmond's brother, the particulars which are given the Pacata Hibernia. the year 1600 this John Fitzgerald was posted, with 200 men, strong fortress
island Lough Guire, lake about three miles from Bruff, Limerick; May, the president, Carew, attacked the place with his cannon, and one Owen Grome, stranger from the North, says
the
money, which was paid, by the president's order, by one Row ley. At this time John Nugent, one the Irish leaders, was in duced by Carew plot against the life John Fitzgerald, and his brother the earl, the president having promised him not only pardon, but also “some store crowns relieve his wants here after. ” Nugent, these conditions, promised that would soon ruin the earl Desmond, his brother John. Carew says that Nugent was valiant and daring that would attempt any thing. John Fitzgerald rode forth from his fortress Lough Guire, towards the fastness Arloghe, where most his men were posted, and accompanied only gentleman namedJohn Coppinger; Nugent, soon their backs wereturned, following them short distance, came up with pistol his hand, charged with two bullets, prepared the bloody deed, when Coppinger, perceiving his intent, instantly snatched the pistol from his hand, crying out “Treason whereupon Fitzgerald suddenly turned upon the assassin. Nugent thought escape the goodness his horse, and spurred hard, but the horse stumbled, and was taken, and having examination confessed his intent, was hanged Fitzgerald on the next day. stated the Pacata that Nu gent, when going hanged, confessed that was his intention,
soon had killed Fitzgerald, have gone the camp the earl Desmond, communicate the first news his brother's death, and then call him aside and kill him. This John Fitz gerald, 1603, retired Spain, where was styled earl Des mond, and died 13arcelona.
the inhabitants the entire country for the most part, each side the Feale and Casan had fled (the rivers Feale and Casan, Kerry), they sent soldiers garrison Leic-Snamha (Lixnaw), which
was the fortress Fitzmaurice; that they had garrisons Lixnaw, Carrigafoyle, the Rock Glyn, Askeaton, Fianann, Tralee, Ardfert, Lios Cathain, (castles Kerry and Limerick), and
Carew, who had the command the castle, delivered
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670 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
the towns of Clanmaurice in general, except Lios Many quarrels, conflicts, sanguinary martyr Tuathail (Listowel, in Kerry). The president and doms, effusions of blood, in which immense num
the earl of Thomond returned to Limerick, after having gained sway on that expedition, and the most of the people of Connello, of the county of Limerick, and of Kenry, came to them, having turned against the earl of Desmond, and joined their sovereign.
Fitzmaurice of Kerry, namely, Patrick, the son ofThomas, son of Edmond, son of Thomas, died
bers of people were destroyed, took place between the English and Irish of Leinster in this summer.
Anthony O’Moore set at liberty the earl of Or mond, in the month of June, and he received sixteen hostages of the eldest sons and heirs of the most honourable gentleman under the earl, as sureties for the fulfilment of every compact and article that were agreed upon for his release. The same Anthony, the son of Rory Oge, son of Rory
in the middle of his age, and prime of life, after
having been joined with the earl of Desmond in Caoch O'Moore, for a long time an illustrious, the forementioned war; it was a cause of lamen famous, and celebrated gentleman, was slain by tation that a man of his personal figure, blood, the queen’s people, in a fierce and desperate con
and hospitality, should have so died before his time; his son Thomas succeeded him.
The Roche, namely, Maurice, the son of David, son of Maurice, son of David (Roche, lord of Fer moy), died in the month of June of this year; he was a young man distinguished for his gentleness, personal figure, and learning in Latin, Irish, and English, and his son David succeeded him.
flict, which was fought between them in the vicinity of Leix, in the month of August of this
year, and his death gave a check to the valour, bravery, and courage of the Irish of Leinster, and
of all Ireland; he was the sole rightful heir to his estate, and he gained the government of his patri
mony by the power of his hand, and determined
strength of heart, from the grasp of tyrants and O'Carroll (of Ely). i. e. Calvach, the son of foreigners, who were reducing its former greatness
William Odhar, son of Ferganainm, son of Maol for a long time before that, until he brought it roona, was slain in the month of July, by some in under his own controul and government, and ferior gentlemen of the O'Carrolls and O'Meaghers; under the management of officers and soldiers, that Calvach was a warlike, defending man, and
a strong arm against his English and Irish neigh bours; he was a knight by title and honour, by authority ofhissovereign.
Death of O'Moore. —An account this celebrated chieftain Anthony O'Moore, lord Leix, erroneously called Owney O'Moore,
by various writers, has been given page 632 these Annals. He was, for period about ten years, distinguished commander Leinster, the war against Elizabeth, and was man great valour and abilities; he defeated the English forces many en
gagements, and was particularly famous for his attack the army the earl Essex the Pass Plumes, his capture the earl Ormond, and other daring exploits. An account his death
given by Morrison, Cox, and Mac Geoghegan the 12th August, 1600, according Morrison, the lord deputy Mountjoy, with body 560 foot, 60 horse, and some volunteers, marched
Naas, and thence Philipstown, King's county, and took prey 200 cows, 500 sheep, and 700 garrons, and burned the
country; on the 16th he was joined by sir Oliver Lambert, and
they marched fastness the borders Leix and Offaly,
where they were attacked Anthony Mac Rory O'Moore, #10,000, and upward, the only means which they were live. and captain Richard Tyrrell. the encounter, Mountjoy
was great danger, having his horse killed under him, and
escaped with difficulty through bog; but the course the
conflict, after many had fallen both sides, the valiant O'Moore
himself was slain–Mac Geoghegan says, the Irish gained the
victory, but its value was far outweighed the death O'Moore,
whose loss was irreparable the Irish Leinster; after his death
says Morrison, “they were discouraged that they never after
held their heads O'Moore was succeeded command his relative Redmond O'Moore, but the O'Moores, O'Lalors, O'Conors,
these Annals, the course this year, account given the methods adopted the English, for the destruction the crops, harrows, scythes, sickles, &c. After the death Antho
according the custom the Irish, that none the towns his patrimony was out his pos session, from one side the other, except alone
Port-Leix (Maryborough). "
O'Kellys, O'Cavenaghs, and Keatings, were soon after compelled
submit the lord deputy. stated by Morrison, and Cox, that Mountjoy remained Offaly till the 23rd August, during
which time he continued devastating the King's and Queen's counties, Carlow, and Kildare, and destroyed more than ten thou
sand pounds worth corn; and carried off immense preys,
numbers
1000 cows, 500 garrons, and great number the same time sir Oliver Lambert slaughtered great the inhabitants. The inhuman Mountjoy, and his bar barian soldiers, thus adopted the system subduing the Irish by destroyiug their crops and corn, and carryiug off their cattle, thereby producing famine, plan which they put extensively into execution various parts Ireland, which ample accounts are
amounting sheep
given by Morrison, Cox, and others; these devastations Offaly, Morrison says, “our captains and the common soldiers did cut down with their swords all the rebels' corn, the value
seemed incredible that, barbarous inhabitants, the ground should manured, the fields orderly fenced, the towns frequently inhabited, and the highways and paths well beaten,
the lord deputy here found them; the reasonwhereof was, that the queen's forces, during those wars, never till then came among them. ” very sufficient cause for the prosperity the country.
ny, the powerful Clan the O'Moores, whose chiefs were for many
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After his strange insurgents had parted from the earl of Desmond, he proceeded with the small force he then had along with him to Castlemaine,
the true lineal descendant the family, came that young earl, and the party whom James, the
son Thomas, had care Castlemaine (in
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 671
and had none of the Geraldine gentlemen in his Kerry), delivered the castle the young earl, alliance, or aiding him, except the son of the namely, James, the son Gerald; and the earl
deceased Fitzmaurice, whom we have mentioned,
namely, Thomas, the son of Patrick; the Knight
of the Glyn, and young Pierce do Les (Pierce de Lacy).
A written despatch came from England to Mun
ster in the month of July of this year, and the
purport of it was, that the young son of the earl of Desmond, namely, James, the son of Gerald, son
of James, son of John, who was in imprisonment with the queen for the crimes of his father, and his father's brothers, who had been at war with her, was set at liberty from his confinement by the queen, after he had gone under her mercy, and after he had been twenty-one years imprisoned by her; this dispatch also contained, that it should be proclaimed in the countries, and great towns
Munster, that this young man, namely James,
the son Gerald, was coming over honour
able earl, the authority the sovereign, and
that every person his estate, who was war
till then, would be restored his blood and
honours, and his crimes forgotten, condition
returning back the sovereign and this young and from whom had been again forcibly rescued, earl. The time the forementioned young earl came that Dermod arrived the estate O’Conor Roe,
Ireland, having great force along with him the Cluainte (in Roscommon); obtained from the queen, was the month October, protection, from the lord justice, who was doing
precisely; when arrived Cork, the president
and the earl Thomond went him, welcome
him; they afterwards respectively came Mallow,
Kilmallock, and Limerick; those who inhabi James, the son Gerald, came Ireland. When ted the country the Geraldines, beholding he came, he sent for Dermod, for Dermod had
ages lords Leix, and famous warriors, fell into complete decay, queen's earl Desmond was restored, blood and honours, by and their territories were transferred British settlers. The letters patent, and sent over, under the conduct captain Price,
gave possession the president; there was town the possession Fitzmaurice, namely, Thomas, except Listowel alone, we have stated, and even that was taken the governor Kerry, namely, sir Charles Volment (Wilmot), the
month November this year. ”
The daughter the earl Thomond, namely,
Onora, the daughter Conor, son Donogh O’Brien, the wife Fitzmaurice before mentioned,
fled from the plundering and insurrection her husband, her own country, under the protection
the president, and the earl Thomond; and she died soon after the Daingean (fortress),
Mac Mahon, and was buried the monastery Ennis.
The chief constable the Geraldines, namely, Roderick, the son Manus, son Edmond Mac
Sheehy, died,
Dermod, the son Dudley, son Tuathal
O'Conor, having left the country the Geraldines,
after had taken prisoner the earl Desmond, namely, James, son Thomas, we have stated,
service and acting for the queen Leinster and Ulster, the harvest this year, until the young earl Desmond, whom we have treated, namely,
Carew, the president Munster. He landed Youghal, on the 14th October, andproceeded Mallow meetCarew; next went Cork, where, says, Cox, the inhabitants, finding was Protestant, refused entertain him, that he was faim intrude himself the mayor. He went thence Limerick, accompanied
The Queen's earl Desmond—When Gerald Fitzgerald, by Miler Magrath, archbishop Cashel, and Saturday, came
last celebrated chief the name was Rory, Roger O'Moore,
Kildare, one
1641, man
able rising
and national independence.
the principal leaders the great insurrection great spirit and abilities, who planned this remark
the Irish for the recovery their confiscated lands,
the celebrated earl Desmond, was put Munster, 1583, his son James, then
land, and confined the Tower, where
till the year 1600, when the queen, advised by Cecil, according Cox, considering that his presence Ireland might promote the English interest, she sent him over Ireland, opposition the other James Fitzgerald, who was called ()'Neill's earl Desmond, with the hopethat he might win over the followers the House Desmond, and bring them under obedience the crown. The
Kilmallock, where great multitudes went see him, welcome the heir the old House Desmond but seeing him go the Protestant Church Sunday, all the people, and even his rela tives the Geraldines, forsook him man, and, according Cox, and Mac Geoghegan, treated him with every contumely, and the most profound contempt. The earl, finding himself forsaken by
all his friends, returned London the same year, where he soon after died, 1601, under suspicion having been poisoned.
death the English child, was sent Eng remained prisoner
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672 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
married a sister of that earl, while engaged in the
war of the Geraldines, the year before that; and
some assert that it was through her, James, the
son of Thomas, was taken prisoner, as she con
sidered her own brother might more readily suc
ceed when he was set aside. When the earl’s
dispatch reached Dermod, he prepared to go at his
invitation, by the permission and protection of the
lord justice, and of the president of the two
provinces of Munster; on his proceeding through
the north-west of the province of Connaught, to
cross the Shannon to Limerick, he was pursued
by Theobald of the Ships, the son of Richard of others. The lord justice Ireland went there the Iron, and by David, the son of Ulick-an-Tim bout the Lammas (August), this year, with many chill (Burke), through enmity, and having over harrows, great iron rakes, and with great deal taken him near Gort, while he had only a small scythes and sickles, and cut down and destroyed party along with him, they beheaded Dermod, find the crops the country, ripe and unripe, and ing he had only a small force; and although he was consequence this the inhabitants that country then so circumstanced, it was not long before that went into flight, banishment and exile, into Ulster time when that party would not have found it prac and other countries, until the end this year. ticable to attack him, for he was a commander of Donal Spainagh, the son Donogh, son Ca fifteen hundred men, and he himself was very va hir Carrach O'Cavenagh, made peace with the liant; but, however, none can escape death when lord justice, the harvest precisely; the sons
Fiacha Mac Hugh (O'Byrne), the son John, made peace with him like manner.
The English fleet, which had been ordered by the queen and the council England sent Ireland, act against the province Ulster, son Rickard Saxanach, was distinguished and the time lord Mountjoy was appointed lord
illustrious gentleman this time according the justice over Ireland, the festival St. Patrick customs the Irish; and his brethren, John precisely, we have stated, was preparing and
his last day arrives.
The lord of Slieveardagh Tipperary), namely
James, the son Pierce, son
James Butler,
died the winter this year. Redmond Burke, the son
Shane-na-Seamar,
the Saxons, who began repair their lime-stone habitations, and settle the ancient residences
the race Conall Cearnach, whom the ter
ritory Leix was hereditary, for there was not worthy heir equal Anthony defend against them.
The O'Conors Faily, namely, the tribe Bry an, son Cahir, son Con, son Calvach, were
alliance with the Irish for three four years till this time, and during that period they took and demolished the most the castles Offaly, except Dangan (Philipstown, King's county), and few
Oge, William, and Thomas, remained Ormond
and Ely during the summer, harvest, and win
making ready, without cessation delay the
most expeditious and active occasion England, with for was great vexation
ter this year, and the forces those sons
John Burke were great and numerous, that they
devastated and laid waste the neighbouring coun England, and the council both here and there,
tries and cantreds; they took many castle towns Ely and Ormond, that occasion, and those were the Roin, Bel-Atha-Dungair, and Cuil
the defence and stand which the Tirconnallians,
Tyronians, and the Ultonians general, with those who were alliance with them, made opposition them; and they also remembered, and was like concealed disease their hearts,
that were slain and destroyed their people, they spent their money and treasure, the
part the townland called Port-land. Baile-ui-Eachdach, before mentioned the Annals, now called Ballyhoctor, near Redwood castle, and there are some ancient tombs the O'Ken nedys the ruined church Lorra. This information has been communicated the learned Thomas Cooke, Parsonstown, Esq.
Ely, and Port-a-Tolchain
Anthony, the son Rory Oge O'Moore, we have stated, Leix was overrun by
Castles Ely and Ormond. —The castle Roin, above mentioned, considered be Castleroan, near Dunkerrin, the
King's county, the borders Tipperary. Bel-atha-Dungair
O'n Dudhubhain Ormond. ”
After the fall
was Ely O'Carroll,
Tipperary, about
now called the castle
Lower Ormond, between Portumna and the little Brosna river, and
the King's county, towards the borders
mile north Roscrea. Port-a-Tolchain, Redwood, on the banks the Shannon,
manner possible that necessaries required,
mind the queen
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 673
war in Ireland till then, so that the resolution they through fear and dread, considered them
came to was, to send the forementioned fleet to consequence, and collected his forces march
into the south the province Connaught,
month of April of this year; from thence they
sailed, in the beginning of summer, by the advice
of the earl of Clanrickard, and of the earl of Tho and Thomond particular, because
mond, and they were commanded to proceed to the reason, for the the earls, namely, the earl
Lake of Feaval, the son of Lodan (Lough Foyle, rickard and the earl Thomond, were those who
Ireland, which put into the port of Dublin, in the
plunder the districts about Slieve-Echtge (Slieve
between Derry and Donegal); they afterwards sailed, along the left hand side (that is the eastern side), of Ireland, and entered port at that place
where they were directed. After they landed, they erected on both sides of the harbour three forts,
with trenches in the earth, as they had been order
ed in England; one of those forts was on O’Neill's
part of the country, in the neighbourhood of watch the foreigners, that they might not come O’Kane's territory, viz. , Dun-na-Long (the fortress plunder his country; also left Niall Garv O’Don of the Ships), and two forts in O’Donnell’s country, nell, and others his forces, guard against them one of which was at Culmore, on the estate of on the western side, between them and Triocha O’Dogherty,in the barony of Inisowen, and another Ced Enda, the son Niall(i. the Triocha-Ced, fort south-west of Derry Columkille. The barony Enda, the son Niall the Nine English immediately began sinking trenches about Hostages, now the barony Raphoe, Donegal). them, and constructing strong earthen mound, After that (O’Donnell), collected his forces and great rampart, that they were state
defence against their enemies; and these were
stronger, and more defensive, than courts lime and stone, citadels, the building which
march across the river Erne westward, and the first place took with him those who were
much time and immense labour might spent. (between Galway and Roscommon), Bundrowis
They then demolished the monastery and cathe (near Ballyshannon), and from the west Tyrawley dral, and such remained the ecclesiastical (in Mayo), Brefney O’Reilly (county Cavan),
buildings the town, which they made houses were expecting and waiting his coming them and apartments. The name the general who Ballymote, after they had gone thither his com was with them was Henry Docwra; was dis mand; the Conacians who were there waiting tinguished knight, wisdom and ingenuity, and for him were O’Rourke, namely, Bryan Oge, the
pillar battle and valour; six thousand was the son Bryan, son Bryan Ballach, son Owen; number that came that place, and, after they O'Conor Sligo, Donogh, the son Cathal
arrived Derry, they considered Culmore and Oge, son Teige, son Cathal Oge, with Dun-na-Long little consequence. The English, those of the districts which lie northward from the
for long time, were much afraid and dread, Curlew mountain the sea; O'Conor Roe,
that they did not come outside the ramparts, namely, Hugh, theson Torlogh Roe, son Teige
except short distance, and great number Buighe, son Cathal Roe, with the entire his them were guard every night, lest they might force; Mac Dermott Moylurg, namely, Conor, surprised attack, and they were seized the son Teige, son Owen, son Teige, with
with distemper and disease, account the con his people, and Mac William Burke, i. e. Theo
finement of the place which they were, and the heat the summer weather, and great numbers them died of that sickness. With respect O'Donnell, when perceived that they were not
the habit coming outside their encampments,
bald, the son Walter Ciotach, son John, son Oliver, with his party. When O’Donnell, with
his forces from Ulster, joined these Conacians Ballymote, marched through Corram-(in Sligo),
through the centre Moy Ai, Finnbeanach (in
baughta, Galway, the borders
Clare), had good Clan
induced the lord justice and the council send that great armed force against him, engage him
his own country, away from them, account his frequent incursions into their territories. Having determined that resolution, left O’Dogherty, chief Innisowen, namely, John Oge,
the son John, son Felim O’Dogherty,
under his controul Ulster, that army. All
the Conacians the same time, from the river Suck
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to
674 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
Roscommon), to Clan Conway, to the territory of hurrying, repaired with his forces from their
Maine, son of Eochy, and to the centre of Clan wide extended tents full people, and they began rickard (all in Galway), without battle or conflict, march their way directly through Thomond,
and without any being injured from him or by north-east by the borders Hy Corbmaic, through him; and he halted and encamped in the west of the centre Kinel Fearmaic (barony Inchiquin),
Clanrickard, in the country of Redmond (Burke,
baron of Leitrim, in Galway), on Saturday evening,
and the festival of St. John (24th of June), was
on the following Tuesday. Notice was sent into
Thomond before him at that time, and they ex nearly the entire day, and they did not leave
pected he would not proceed from the place where dwelling habitation worth notice that they did he happened to be on Sunday night, till day light not burn and completely destroy; they left the entire
on Monday morning; that was not what he did, but rose early on Sunday morning, and marched for
ward through Redmond's country to Kinel-Aodha (on the borders of Clare), to Kinel-Dungaile, and
country after them, far could seen, one continued dark vapour and smoke, inevery direction around them, and the vastness the dark clouds
smoke, which rose above them every place they directed their course the same day, suf lagh and Bunratty, county of Clare), and crossed the ficiently marked their progress. O'Donnell, with
to upper Clan-Cuilein (both in the baronies of Tul
Forgus (river Fergus) westward, after having plun his forces, prepared the following morning
Ramhata (Clonroad), after having burned the en pursuit, attack, until they arrived the open
tire of Ennis, except the monastery; he sent forth level plains Meadhraidhe (at Claren's Bridge, his predatory parties to plunder the surround near Galway), they remained that night Knock
into Burren, and arrived before night the mo nastery Corcomroe, and Carcair-na-gcleireach,
with their preys and booty. The forces continued traversing and overrunning the country about them
dered the most of those territories before the middle
Tuesday, and proceeded through the passes the of the day. O’Donnell encamped that night on white rocky cliffs Burren, and along the close the banks of the river Fergus, to the west of Cluain Carcar the narrow roads, without conflict, battle,
ing districts, and far and wide did those scouring an-Gearrain-bhain (the Hill the White Horse), parties extend asunder, for they overran, preyed, between Kilcolgan and Galway; they divided burned, plundered, and devastated, from the same mongst themselves their preys and booty the time of day till night, that lay from Craig-ui following morning, that place, and each party Chiordubhain, the lower part the territory,
Triochad–Ced-na-n()ilen Cathair-Murchadha,
(the barony Islands), western Corcabaiscin
them was afterwardsengaged keeping together, and driving closely, their own distinct flocks, along the high ways the delightful province Con
for worthy gentleman, for the lord territory, was enjoyed parties, consisting
four
Thomond.
Localities Clare. —The following information the places above-mentioned, has been kindly communicated by Thomas
Cooke, Esq. Baile-Eoin-Gobhan castle, ruins, about three miles north Ennistymon; signifies John Smith's Town, and now called Smithstown. Boithe-Neill castle now ruins, and
parish Clare Abbey; and Corcair-na-goleirach Gortaclare, fort near the village Turlogh, Burren. Doire-Eogain, mentioned these Annals,
appears
the barony
the gate Kilmurry (in naught; they did not, however, perform long Cathair-Ruis, and journey that day, for they were fatigued and
(barony Moyarta),
the barony Ibrickane),
the plain Ibrickane, the gate Baile-Eoin wearied, not having slept soundly the previous Gobhan, Corcomroe, and Boithe-Neill Kinel
Fearmaic (barony Inchiquin). ” Many
feast
night, they were dread being attacked their enemies, after their country had been plun dered. They made encampment that night not far off, their fear was removed; their servants and attendants got ready their dinners, and they afterwards took their food until they were satisfied, and then went sleep till the following morning,
O’Donnell’s people, under the cover the side bush, during that night
O’Donnell, the following morning
Monday, steadily and slowly, without mustering when the forces arose from their slumber, and
five hedge,
gain the borders the same parish. Cathair-Miomain called Bohneil, the parish Inagh, barony Inchiquin. castle, ruins, about mile east Kilfenora.
Craig-ui-Chiordubhain supposed Ballynacreggan,
the
Derryowen, the parish Kilkeedy, barony Inchiquin; and Baile-ui-Eo
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made ready for marching. O’Donnell permitted Mac William, and those who had come from the
west of Connaught, to return to their homes, and he himself proceeded directly eastward along the
collected the property and cattlefrom quarters their vicinity, which they brought with them
one place; they proceeded with their preys through the province eastward, and encamped the bor ders the country the south side the river
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 675
common roads, and arrived at the end of the day
in Conmaicne-Cuile-Toladh (barony of Kilmaine, Suck, Sunday night precisely, where they re
in Mayo), in the very centre of the province, where they remained that night. O’Donnell commanded his people on the following morning to send away
their cattle preys in general, and their booty, to their homes, and also their attendants, and the unarmed and unfighting people, along with them. Of those of their chiefs who had been mortally wounded on that occasion were Teige Oge, the son of Niall, son of Niall Roe, son of Niall, son of Tor logh Oge, son of Torlogh Bearnach O'Boyle, and Duibhgion, the son of Mac Con, son of Peregrine
O'Clery, and the manner in which they were both wounded was by another party of O’Donnell's people, who were attacking great Clare, against the
earl of Thomond, and from that Clare the county
of Clare derived its name; the forementioned two
mained ’till Monday morning; the following day they proceeded across Ath–Liag-Fionn (Ath league), the river Suck, and through Magh-nāoi the son Allgubha (the Plain Moy Aoi, Roscommon), and arrived Seghais (the Curlew mountains) the evening; they encamped the north side the river (Boyle) that night, and
the following day they crossed the Curlew moun tains, and proceeded through the territory Corran
died on the way on their return, and were rish Donagheady, about miles south Derry),
both conveyed to their countries, and were war against O’Neill; and the same Art died
buried at Donegal. O'Donnell sent a great while along with the forementioned English.
number of his warriors and common soldiers with As O’Donnell, he and his forces made no
the preys, and the forementioned people, to direct movement since they had returned from Thomond, them in the way; he recommended O’Rourke and on the forementioned expedition, 'till the follow
his people to return to their homes, and the Con nacians in general. O’Donnell retained five hun dred champions of the best of his warriors, toge
ther with sixty horsemen of his own faithful peo
ple ; they remained in the camp in which they had
been the previous night 'till after mid-day, and the habit being sent graze every day
they then proceeded through the province south pasture field opposite the town Derry, and they east, until they arrived at Loughrea, on the follow were watched by party the English cavalry; ing morning by the break of day, and that was having received this intelligence, began me
the hereditary fortress of the earl of Clanrickard. ditate how could take by surprise those horses,
They sent forth their predatory parties in every di and the resolution came was
bring along the night,
rection about them to plunder the country, and they
10. O'Donnell's Erpedition Thomond. —This was the second expedition O’Donnell made into Thomond, another being recorded the year 1599, 644, the Annals. these expeditions O'Donnell completely plundered the territories Galway and Clare, punish Donogh O'Brien, earl Thomond, and Ulick
Burke, earl Clanrickard, both whom were alliance with the English, and determined enemies O'Neill and O’Donnell.
appears that the earls Thomond and Clanrickard made stand against O’Donnell, these occasions, being afraid unable encounter that valiant chieftain, who led very formidable and active force of horse and foot, with which swept over those
with him privately, the darkness countries, with astonishing rapidity, marching
Ballymote; the forces afterwards their homes with booty and riches. "
O’Neill, namely, sir Art, the son Torlogh Luineach, son Niall Connalach,
and arrived dispersed
The son
son Art, son were garrisoned
the river Foyle,
Con, joined the English who Dun-na-Long fortress
the barony Strabane, and pa
ing September, and after his common soldiers and paid forces had recruited themselves, during that time, called for muster them, the hope
getting advantage the English; was
informed that the horses the English were
Irish miles Loop Head,
least 30 40 day, and performing the expedition from Donegal
Clare, the mouth the Shannon, and back
days. On this occasion O'Donnell overran Gal
again,
way, and the territory Thomond, far Loop Head, and
appears have met little
Geoghegan states that the earl
Limerick, alarmed the news
for assistance the President Carew, who immediately dispatched captain Flower, with 800 foot and 60 horse, join the earl, but appears that these forces had encounter with O'Donnell.
opposition from the earls. Mac
Thomond, who was then O'Donnell's approach, applied
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676 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
a large body of his warriors, and a detachment of been wounded, retired sorrow and discomfiture, his cavalry, amounting to no less than six hundred, and did not follow pursuit their horses any both horse and foot, to a deep ravine on a mountain farther. The people O’Donnell retired their which lay opposite Derry, to the north, from which encampments, and having counted the horses which they could espy the people of the town, who at the they seized, they numbered upwards two hun same time could not well see them ; he sent a dred, after which O’Donnell divided the horses small party of his cavalry to ambush, con amongst the chiefs. O’Donnell remained besieging cealed places near the town, for the horses, and the English, without leaving his country, till the those who attended, prevent them from driving
back the horses whenever they pleased; they re mained after that manner wait for them ’till the
early part the day, when they beheld their horses advancing across the bridge, with those who took care them usual; O’Donnell’s horsemen rose up their rear, attacked their keepers, slew many
them, and others escaped the fleetness their horses, and running; O’Donnell's people began
drive the horses the English, which were their possession, and his own forces having come
aid them against the English, they sent the horses before them. O'Donnell commanded party his cavalry proceed with the horses, without
end October, when undertook march again into Thomond, plunder it; having determined
wra, and his cavalry, mounted their horses, such
for want sleep and rest every night, through fear
O’Donnell, and they were suffering from sickness
and distemper, account the closeness the place which they were, from the stale provisions,
and the salt and sour flesh meat, and having fresh meat other fresh provisions requisite for them. They complained their distress Niall O'Donnell, respecting things they stood need
and relieved them from the close imprison ment which they were; took with him ten hundred warriors Lifford, which was town on the borders the same lake (Lough Foyle), and had been famous fortress belonging O’Donnell, but that time was insecure, for there was no strong keep castle lime and stone there for long time, since had been formerly demolished, and only imperfect rampart made clay and sods, surrounded by shallow water ditch, while
was contemplation re-build the fortress which had been previously there. The guards va
their places keeping, and that occasion, and they expeditiously they could. When O’Donnell saw the English cavalry full pursuit after him, remained the rear his foot soldiers, with his troop horse, until the ca
valry the English overtook him, who valiantly attacked O’Donnell behalf their plundered
property, and defence. O'Donnell halted, and made ready for the conflict, with boldness and determination, and fierce engagement ensued be
tween both parties; one O’Donnell’s relatives, namely Hugh, the son Hugh Duff, son Hugh Roe O'Donnell, aimed the general, Henry Docwra, with the cast dart, and struck him directly the forehead, and wounded him very severely; the general, being thus wounded, re treated, and all the English general, after their commander, chief counsellor, and champion had
them had them that had not lost them went the pursuit
on that resolution, he mustered his forces, and
did not halt until crossed Sligo westward, and
arrived Ballymote. He left Niall Garv, the son Con, son Calvach, son Manus O’Donnell,
after him the country, guard against the English, that they might not come plunder
the English began privately entreat and gain over Niall Garv O’Donnell, and offer him the sovereignty ofthe country should they victorious; they promised him, along with that, many presents and great wealth, should join alliance with them; was receiving these proposals for long time, until his misfortune length induced him go them, through the counsel vain idle party who were about him, although was after wards sorry for his three brothers joined him
waiting for him, until they reached secure place,
which they accordingly did, and O’Donnell re
mained behind, with those he retained his
cavalry and foot soldiers. When the English saw
that their horses had been taken away from them,
they immediately took up their arms, and went
pursuit O’Donnell; the general, sir Henry Doc joining them, for they were wearied and exhausted
that revolt, namely, Hugh Buighe, Donal, and Con. Truly the English were the better their
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 677
cated that fort, through fear and terror, when they the casting and shooting darts, and arrows, perceived the English advancing towards them, and leaden balls; but, however, there were more and O’Donnell not being near them, upon which O’Donnell's people wounded the skirmishing, the English entered the fort, and they raised im account their being fewer number. The
mense great mounds, and ramparts of earth and English afterwards returned their homes, and stone, to protect them, so that they were sufficiently O’Donnell and his people retired their encamp strong to hold out a defence against their enemies. ments; was anger and great wrath that One of O'Donnell’s faithful people followed to in . O’Donnell proceeded thither, was grieved
form him of the state of the country, and told him of that had taken place there his absence; was great surprise and mortification O’Don
nell that his relative, and kinsman by marriage, should have turned against him, for Nualadh, the sister O’Donnell, was the wife Niall. O’Don
nell returned from the province Connaught, for had not gone beyond Ballymote westward when
the message reached him, and his forces returned, expeditiously they could but, however, his
warriors could not accompany O’Donnell, except small party his cavalry, and arrived the vicinity the forementioned Lifford. TheEnglish
were not able make any preys plundering be
that his forces had not come him, that day, for was sure, had them there, the English
would not escape from him they had. O’Don nell, after his forces had come him, carried close siege against the English, and en
camped within two thousand paces Lifford, which we have mentioned, protect his people, until
they reaped and secured the corn adjacent the English sent persons watch and reconnoitre the town every night, prevent any from going
into coming out unless they went across the river southward, and there was not pass ford which they might escape, within thousand. paces the town, that did not leave sentinels
fore O’Donnell returned back, but were engaged and ambuscades at, watch and guard against strengthening their fortress, and raising ram the English, that they might not pass them una
parts, and when they learned that O’Donnell had arrived, their dread him did not suffer them
leave the fort which they were for anything they required. O’Donnell remained place not far distant from the English, until small party his foot soldiers came him; O'Donnell thought
too long without attacking the English, and
did not wait any longer for his forces, but displayed
the small party had the English, the south side Cruach-Lighean, the north the river;
when the English beheld him, they marched out meet him, with Niall Garv O’Donnell, and his brothers, leaders the battle; they made skir
mishing attackson each other, but they did not come close conflict that day, but continued recon noitre each other, for the English were not aware that O’Donnell was want forces, actu ally was, and they were dread ambush being laid for them, that they were not inclined
go from the fortress, through fear him was
the same case with O’Donnell's people, would be hazardous for them encounter their enemies
near the fort, with the small force they had, and having respectively retired, they parted quietness
and cessation; some were wounded either side,
wares, and particularly against the sons Con O’Donnell and his people, for against them considered most difficult guard, and was
their account that his guards and sentinels were numerous; remained for thirty days that
place, until the people the country were enabled
save their corn, and they put pers and bags, carry and and beasts burden, convey
into small ham loads horses, secure places,
could not getatit. O’Donnell,
had left that camp, went the hope inducing them
encounter them, for they knew was for con flict and battle they had come. O’Donnell’s peo
ple returned back, when they did not succeed effecting that for which they had gone, and they halted on the banks of the river called the Daol
(the river Deel), the north side, short distance from the fort; great numbers them went their encampments, and other employments, for they
did not think the English would follow them that day. When Niall Garv O’Donnell beheld O’Don
where their enemies one time, before attack the English,
come outside
when O’Donnell’s people arrived before the fort, the English began view them, but they did come
the ramparts, the open plain;
so to to to it in a as he it
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678 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1600.
nell’s people dispersed and unprepared, he told the their commander had been wounded the conflict, English it would be desirable for them to attack and they were obliged return with him Lif them; the English, at his request, began to put ford, where afterwards died. great number on their armour, as quickly as they could, in the O’Donnell's people pursued them for long centre of their ramparts where they could not be distance, and they continued shooting and cutting seen by their enemies, until they were armed and them down, that numbers them were slain
in armour; when they were accoutered, they then sallied outside of the ramparts, in order of battle,
and wounded; and the pursuing party were con vinced, that had the forces followed them farther,
and in that manner they quickly advanced towards
O'Donnell's people, led on by Niall and his bre
thren, along with their people. O’Donnell beheld
them advancing towards him, and was glad to see
them coming; he arranged his warriors in their
proper places, facing them with their battle-arms,
and he did not suffer them to shoot at them until
they came up to the opposite side of the river;
having afterwards met and encountered, a fierce When O’Donnell arrived the camp, ordered
and terrific battle ensued between them ; their
cavalry charged on each side, and they began to
make thrusts at each other with large greatjavelins,
and blue-headed spears; Niall ODonnell made a thrust with a sharp-pointed, very long spear, and
struck Manus, the brother of O’Donnell, under the shoulder blade, and having deeply pierced him with the lance through the armour which he wore, he
white slender litter be made for Manus O’Don
nell, carry him across Barnus (Barnusmore mountain), which was accordingly done, and great
number his friends and faithful people went with him Donegal, where curing couch was made
ready for him, and O’Donnell's doctors being brought cure him, they could effect cure, but
pronounced him for death. There was monas
foreign steed which he rode between them, the blow struck the horse in the very forehead, and pierced it to the brains; Rory, in pulling it back by the
thong, smashed the blade of the javelin, so that he left the iron of it in the horse, and had only the handle in his hand, and the horse finally died of
they would have defeated them; but the failure the party who had been first put flight would not permit them pursue them again. O’Don
nell returned the encampments, after the Eng lish had departed, and melancholy and mournful were they that night the camp, account the son their prince, and the prince presumptive, had survived his brethren, being dying state.