, Col- gan makes her
daughter
to Edward, Kmg of England, sister to Athelstan and Edmund,
'" thatan had
The Otho HI.
'" thatan had
The Otho HI.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v3
"
946. See GalUa Christiana," tomus iii. , col. 570.
^^ No less than fifty-two abbots of this
house are commemorated. See L'Abbe "
5° Nothing further is known regarding Abbot of Gorze. _
^v^-
s' This was situated on the northern bank
of a stream, which flowed into the River
ss See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404. »* After Immonus, it is related, in the
transferred his body to Gorze, a. d. 765, according to Bishop Milo, in his Treatise,
" De Passione, Translatione, et Miraculis S.
Gorgonii," which was inscribed to Immon,
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. selection, nor did he note the words of the Prophet Ezechiel
:
[March 6.
" Son of man,
I have made thee a watchman to the House of Israel
;
and thou shalt hear
the word out of my mouth, and shalt tell it them from me. But, if thou give
warning to the wicked, and he be not converted from his wickedness, and
from his evil way ; he indeed shall die in his iniquity, but thou hast delivered
thysoul/^97 Havingtakenchargeoftheplace,nearMetz,Cadroebegantoset
about its restoration. Men and women flocked thither from the city each
day, while clerics, monks and nuns were desirous of receiving counsel from
him, and every manner of comfort in their spiritual necessities. He was
loved and venerated for his disinterestedness : he felt solicitude for the souls
of all : he had compassion for the sinner, and he rejoiced with those, who
received joy and blessings. On account of such great virtues, holy conver-
sation, and prudent moderation, he was named abbot of the house, by the
Bishop of Metz, and with the unanimous approval of his religious brethren.
This elevation took place in 980, according to the " Chronicon Valciodo-
rense ;" but, this is manifestly an error, founded on the supposition, that he
succeededForannanasAbbotofWasor. 9^ Averyseriousmistakehasbeen
made, by the Sanmarthann, brothers,99 when stating, that St. Cadroe or Cad-
roetus, a Scot, had been called from Luxeu, a. d. 929,'°° and that he lived
there with his companions, Otbert and Maximinus. At this early period,
our saint is stated to have presided over the Monastery of St. Felix and of
St. Clement,atMetz. '°' St. CadroepaidavisittoWasor,whentheFeastof
Blessed Gorgonius again came round ; for, he desired to meet Wltmarus or
Womarus,'°^ Abbot at Ghent, and Aledrandus,^°3 Abbot of Gemblours Mon-
astery. '°4 Cadroe had already passed the fort of Brieum,^°5 and his compa-
nions urged him to take some refreshment, at an hour earlier than usual,
because they had arrived at an agreeable spot, where a spring of water was
to be found. Cadroe turned to them and spoke in the words of holy writ :
" Wo to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and when thy princes eat in
morning. "
^'^ Then he told that there and God them, everywhere else,
the
could produce water. His companions assented, and remained fasting, until
they had entered a meadow when Cadroe said ;
:
" Behold, brethren, a
"Chronicon Walciodorense," that Code-
fridus, from the church of Rheims, was
elected abbot, but we are not told for what
length of time he presided. However, find this name written Womarus. He is owing to his insolent behaviour, the monks said to have succeeded the Abbot Hugo, expelled him. The Bollandists rather A. D. 955, and to have died on the sixth favour the conjecture, that he immediately
succeeded St. Cadroe, as this passage in his Acts seems to indicate.
97 Ezechiel iii. , 17, 19,
Kalends of September, A. D. 982.
'°3 Colgan thinks he was the same as
9^ Relying on the authority of the BoUan- dists, Dr. Lanigan makes Cadroe successor to Macallin, whom he considers first Abbot of
'*
Erluinus, Abbot of Gemblours, deprived of sight, A. D. 958, and who died A. D. 987. Therefore, he considers the event, related in the text, to have occurred before the former year, as it was not likely a blind man would have made this journey on foot. But, Ale- dandrus was substituted for Erluinus, as abbot, and during the lifetime of the latter, he died A. D. 986.
'"^ It is called Gemmelaus, in a charter of Odio, given a. d. 946. See Miraeus' " In Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii," cap. 56.
'°s Colgan thinks this was the Castrum
Barris, or Barrense, built a. d. 951, by Fre- deric, son of Richimet, Duke of Lotharin- gia, and brother to Aberon, Bishop of Metz, according to Frodoard.
•"* Ecclesiastes x. , 16,
_
Wasor. See
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404.
100
in France.
Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
99 See "Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
^j j. |jjg period, he had not even landed
'°'
They profess to give a list of the abbots of this establishment, compiled from documents, furnished by Peter de Crochets, Prior of St. Arnulph. But, the Bollandists, who took care to examine the original docu- ments, could find in them nothing to war- rant such statements, nor could confirmation
of these be obtained from any other source, '°= In the Chronicle of St. Bavo, a manu- script relating to the Abbots of Ghent, we
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 193
When they complained, that no water was "
place suitable for our purpose,"
there fit for use, Cadroe replied
give water to his servants, since he ordered water to issue from the dry rock forhispeoplewhoweremurmuring. " Therewasareedyturfintheplace, and raising a sod, abundant water issued from the earth. Then turning to
:
Despair
not, for the hand of God can
" The
water to reward your charity, that you may learn how Christian charity is
always rich. " Then, having partaken of their meal, their journey was re- sumed; and,thefountainremaining,atthetimewhenSt. Cadroe'sActswere written,wasastandingtestimonyofhismeritsbeforeGod. Theinterestsof the religious house, consigned to his care, required that he should go to Count Frederick, ^°7 called the Duke, and by him our saint was kindly and courteously received. Running forward to receive him, Cadroe placed the staff he bore behind him, thinking one of his companions had been there to receive it ; when the Acts state, that a ray of sun-beam shot from the window, and on it the staff remained suspended. '"^ On returning from Wasor'°9 to Metz,"° he ordered a young ward to accompany him, and by making the sign of the cross over his eyes, these were healed of a grievous infirmity, whichseizedonthemduringthatjourney. "^ Again,hemiraculouslyhealed a young man, who was wasting away with fever, nearly a whole year. Another Scottish monk, called Lazarus,"^ lived with him in the monastery. He was reduced to the last extremity, by a fever, and the man of God happened to come, when that monk lay on the ground, and, as was thought, at the very point of death. Cadroe, taking his hands and making a sign of the cross, ordered him to lie on the bed for a while. To the great admira- tion of all, the sick monk recovered, and was soon able to use his feet. Ac- cording to the Psalmist, the Lord " will do the will of them that fear him, andhewillheartheirprayer,andsavethem. ""3 Sowerehismerciesmani- fested through St. Cadroe. The humility of this holy man was very remark- able ; his abstinence and frugality were admirable ; his patience was almost superhuman ; but, his charity was above all praise. At one time, John,"* Abbot of Gorze, who was a pillar in the temple of God, had been obliged to lie down on his bed, owing to weakness, brought on through his excessive
fasts. Knowing this, Cadroe visited Gorze, and ordered certain nutricious food to be prepared, for their joint refection. This John refused to touch,
at first, but, being commanded by Cadroe, who set the example, the abbot's pious scruples were removed. This obedience was the cause of returning health. Near Metz was a large convent of St. Peter,"5 and there the incom- parable Abbess Helvidis"^ presided over a large community of nuns. One
'°^
Count of Barrense, he became Duke of Lotharingia. Yet, by Lotharingia must not be understood the whole province, but only that part of it, on the Moselle, of which he was made first Duke or beneficiary, as Hosiers, Mirgeus, and other writers, state. However, the BoUandists correct Colgan's conclusions, by observing, that the fort Bar- rense had its name, from being commenced about the year 970, as a "
his Cadroe companions,
said,
clemency
of the
Almighty
hath sent this
Colgan supposes, that from being there, shortly before the latter assumed
gulum contra Francos. "
"*'
Legends similar to this often occur in the Acts of Celtic saints.
'°9 The BoUandists
appear, St. Cadroe did not wholly resign his care of Wasor, until the arrival of Forannan,
even while some irregularities prevailed
"s
tury, by St. Baldric, whose sister St. Bova first ruled over it, and then their relative St. Doda, venerated at the 24th of April. The
barra,
sen
repa-
charge.
"° This celebrated city of Lorraine is
situated on the Moselle River,
'" Colgan remarks, that when the author
of our saint's Acts wrote, there was living a witness of this great miracle.
"= Colgan does not think the present
monk's name is to be found in our Irish
Calendars, although the etymon was
common in Ireland. enough
"3 Psalms cxliv,, 19.
"< His feast occurs at the 27th of Feb-
ruary.
observe, that it would
This was founded in the seventh cen-
N
194 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
of these was thought to have been possessed \ and, as Cadroe knew this sort of demon was not to be cast out, save by prayer and fasting, being invited to the place, and thus fortified against him, the holy man cast out the evil spirit. When Adelbero, Bishop of Metz, had finished his thirty-five years of adminis- tration,"7 Theodoric,"^ belonging to the Imperial family,"^ and a man of singular ability, was called to succeed him by universal acclaim. ^^° The rank of his family olaliged him to engage much in temporal affairs ; however, this didnotpreventhimfrombuildingandrepairingchurches. Hedesired,like- wise, to collect memorials, relics and bodies of the saints, from every quarter, and to translate them into his diocese. He also loved the society of holy men, and especially was there a mutual affection, between himself and Blessed Cadroe ; while, through his influence, our holy abbot and his reli- gious had their house suitably endowed, while he desired the counsel and care of his devoted friend. '^' The Emperor Otho granted certain possessions and immunities to the Abbey of St. Felix"^ and of St. Clement,"3 in Metz, during the time Cadroe governed it, while he undertook to be its special protector. "4 It would seem, that our saint, in 960, reformed this house, "5 and ruled, likewise, over the Monastery of St. Symphorianus, while he lived there. "^ Ahistoryoftheoriginalfoundationisgiven,andanaccountofthe variousrestorations,bythebrothersSanmarthann. "? OursaintvisitedHel- vidis, who was stopping at a place, called Corruptala ; but, she complained that a sufficiency of meat was not to be had, for the purpose of entertaining himself and his companions. However, he declared to her, that the Lord should miraculously supply this want ; when a deer, chased by dogs, fell over an adjoining precipice, and broke his limbs, so that, the flesh of this animal was served up for refection of the guests. Being now famed for his miracles and virtues, the Blessed Cadroe desired to be dissolved, and to be with Christ. The Empress Dowager Adeleide,"^ the mother of the invincible
Sanmarthann state, that Adalberon, Bishop of Metz, had it restored under the rule of St. Benedict.
"* The Sanmarthann place Helvidis Ab- bess the thirteenth in order, and state that she died on the 17th of January, A. D. ii6o; but, the Bollandists observe, that the order and date must be changed, if the present holy woman be intended, as they seem to suspect.
"7 He died, A. D. 964, according to Claude Robert, in the "Gallia Christiana. " The
greater part of St. "Cadroe's Acts appertain to his pontificate.
"* He was the son of Duke Frederic, by Beatrice, the sister of Hugh Capet, accord- ing to Claude Robert.
"9 He was a cousin-german to the Empe- ror Otho, the Great, as Sigebert states in
from St. Felix, the third Bishop of Metz. It was near the gate of St. Theobald, and on
the declivity of a hill, near the small stream, called Sallia. His feast occurs on the 21st
of February.
"3 This holy man was first Bishop of
Metz, and his place was kno^^^l as Ad-basi- licas, where he lived as a recluse. The feast of St. Clement was held on the Sixth Nones of May, according to the Kalendars.
"* See Mabillon's " Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. Ixv. , sect, xxiii. , p. 500. Also, tomus i v. , lib. 1,, sect. Ixi. , p. 74.
"^ gee Bishop Forbes' *' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 294.
"* See Mabillon's "Annales Ordinis S.
Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. xlvii. , sect, xxiv. , p. 594. Colgan arrives at the conclusion, that this was a different one from the mon-
"
Chronicle," at A. D. 964.
twenty years,
his
'*> He sat for
and died A. D.
astery
of St. Felix and of St.
Clement,
984. Sigebert of Gemblours wrote his Life.
Sigebert relates, angel given St. Clement the first letters, according to name, of the Bishops of Metz : here some names were inscribed in gold, and some in other baser metals, according to their relative degrees of merit. Theodoric's initial letter was wrought in silver, but he said he should do so much for the bishopric,
that it ought to be inscribed in gold.
although likewise outside the walls of Metz.
Emperor granted
A. D. 992, in favour of Fingen, an Irishman, whom Colgan thinks to have been its first abbot.
"^ See " Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
"^ Relying on the ambiguous authority of William of Malmsburj', lib. ii. , cap. v.
, Col- gan makes her daughter to Edward, Kmg of England, sister to Athelstan and Edmund,
'" thatan had
The Otho HI. a charter
»'^
This was the name it received at first,
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 195
Emperor Otho, had a great affection towards Cadroe and his religious. On her way to Italy, she arrived at a place, called Neheristeim,"? on the banks oftheRiverRhine. ThenceshesentamessagetoMetz,withanentreaty, that Cadroe should come to visit her. Although he knew, that his days were fast drawing to a close ; yet, being pressed by the messengers, and by the prelate Deodericus,^3o Cadroe charitably yielded to her request, and patiently set about the completion of his journey. On the way, he informed some of his attendant brothers, that death was fast impending, and a great grief
them. To console he " The of counsel them, said, Angel good
oppressed
shallnotdesertyou,mybrethren,unlessyoufirstleavehim. Receivethe
Lord's commands, with great eagerness, fulfil his work, and he shall direct
you in the way of eternal life. But, this miserable body, if my prayers have
weight with you, bear to the monastery, and there inter it. If the Empress
endeavour to detain me for a little time, do not oppose her wishes ; for,
should I die while there, let your charity bear with the privation of my inter-
mentinthemonastery. Astotherest,aftermydeath,youhavewisemen
among you, whose advic—e you should take, and do not fail to remember me
to the Abbess Heluidis a better woman than her I have never found,
accordingtomyhumblejudgment. InChrist'sname,givemyfarewellto
the Lord Bishop, and to my other friends, while you pray them to ask God
for mercy on my poor soul. " In the meantime, Cadroe hastened to meet the
Empress, who received him with great joy, and with every demonstration of
respect. He accosted her with these words, " Know you, sovereign lady,
why I came hither? " She replied, "Father, thy abounding charity hath
brought thee. " Then the man of God, with his sweet and radiant look, said,
" Indeed, while charity compelled me to come, necessity urged, also, that
coming I might ask a license. " '3i The meaning of this he knew, although
the Empress did not. When his visit had been prolonged for four days or
more, the pious lady yet urged his stay, and engaged the bishops present to
" Alas
entreated him to stop for two days longer, and with great reluctance, he con- sented. This was a subject of joy to his royal hostess, but when the dinner hour came, she sat down to table, with her noble company. Suddenly they were alarmed by a great fire breaking out, and a man, falHng from a great
height, and having his legs broken, was brought to Cadroe, who miraculously restored him to health. All the chiefs congratulated him on his merits, but this hurt his humility, and he besought them to speak no more on such a topic. The two days having elapsed, and the Empress still deferring her permission for his departure, a fever seized him, and soon his strength was completelyexhausted. CaUinghismonksaroundhim,herecommendedthem.
King of England, wife to Otho I. and ments. She had the following sons by mother to Otho II. This account, we have Otho : her first-born was Henry, her second incorrectly followed, also, in our notices of was Bruno, and the third was Otho ; she St. Fingen, at the 5th of February, n. 18.
it. Then
must hasten to leave, for my death is fast approaching, and yield not to those petitions, if you desire to bear my body to your monastery. " Still the Empress
request
Cadroe, turning
to his
monks, said,
! brothers, you
But, by Colgan, the Ethilda, mentioned by
William of Malmesbury, is thought to have been identical with Adeleide. Yet, the
Bollandists show, that the latter was daughter to Rudolph, King of the Burgun-
dians, and of his queen Bertha, daughter to Burchard, Duke of the Alemanni. Ade- laide married King Hugo, at first, and after his death, Otho became her husband. She was a person of rare virtue and accomplish-
had a daughter, called Edidis, probably Edith.
"» Or Neristen, where the Emperor Otho had an Imperial residence. See Mabillon's " Annals Ordinis S. Benedict! ," tomus iv. , lib. 1. , sect. Ixi. , p, 74.
'^'° He was probably living in or near the city of Metz.
'3' The succeeding narrative helps us little, in divining the meaning of these words, which are veiy obscuiely expressed.
196 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6
to hasten his journey, so that, if possible, he might reach his monastery alive. But, the final moment had arrived, and after the thirtieth year of his pilgrim- age, and in the seventieth year of his age, Cadroe was called away to his everlasting reward in the kingdom of heaven. According to custom, the body was placed in a coffin, but, owing to some accident, the corpse was turned on one side. The saint appeared in a vision to one of the monks, and, as he was the cause of thus placing the remains, this neglect was soon set to rights. In great grief for his loss, the citizens of Metz went forth to meet his funeral, and they were joined by the inhabitants of all the surround- ing districts. The memories of his goodness caused abundant tears to be shed, and while Cadroe's coffin was borne along the way, a man, who had long suffered from a fever, was immediately healed when he touched it. A grand funeral procession of the clergy, monks, nuns and people of Metz con- ducted the remains to that place, where he had served the Lord so faithfully during his hfe. An altar to his memory was constructed, in the Church of St. Felix, where his remains were deposited. He was succeeded by Fingen,^^^ a Scottish monk, from Hibernia, and who ruled as abbot over the Monastery of St. Felix and of St. Clement. The death of St. Cadroe may probably be assigned to the 6th day of March, since all authorities seem to agree, that this was the date for his feast. 'sa His death happened, in the year 975, according to Colgan,^34 and the Bollandists,^35 This likewise is the computa- tion of Mabillon,'36^vhile it has been followed, by Dr. Lanigan,'^/ and by other judicious writers. His demise is therefore very incorrectly placed, at the
Article VI. —The Holy Daughters of Leinin, Saints Drugexia, LUIGENIA, LUICELLA, MaCHA AND RiOMTHACH, AT THE ChURCH OF KlLL-
NA-NINGEAN, NOW SUPPOSED TO BE KiLLININY, COUNTY OF DUBLIN.
to the *' Chronicon Valciodorense. " A comme- yearly
year 998, according
moration was instituted in his honour, to mark the many benefits and miracles obtained, in favour of different persons, through his intercession. The many miracles wrought by him were to be found in a book of his Life, long preserved in the monasteries, where he presided with edification and profit to his religious subjects.
[^Sixt/t Sanctilogium Genealogi- cum," these sisters are said to have been the daughters of Leninus, son to
or Seventh In the last Century. ]
chapter
of the "
Garrchon, son to Donacius, the son of Conamalius, son to Colgan, son to Cronmael, son to Altius, son to ^ngus, the son of Nuadatus, &c. ' In the Martyrology of Tallagh, these sisters are not named, at the 6th of March ;
but,
there
they
are or the " called, Ivgena Lenini,
daughters
of Leninus. " "^
'32 See an account of him, at the 5th of February.
'33 Dempster, who calls him Hadrous,
states, that although ignorant regarding his
place of living, and sepulture, as also of his
writings, yet, that he flourished as an abbot
in Belgium, A. D. Dcccxxcii. , and the day
of his death was held to be uncertain. See
"
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Scotorum," tomus ii. , lib. viii. , num. 638, pp. 339, 340.
'34 Or, as he states, at farthest, the year 976 was not completed, at the time, as he endeavours to show from various data.
'3S See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. , Martii vi. De S. Cadroe Abbate Metis in Lotharingia. Commentarius prcevius, sect.
ii. , pp. 470, 471.
'36 See '* Acta Sanctonim Ordinis S. Be-
nedicti," s? ec. v. Previous observations to St. Cadroe's Acts.
'37 See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire- land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect, iii. , p. 401, and n. 18, p. 402.
Article vi. —' Thus is the pedigree
traced, in " Trias ;" Colgan's Thaumaturga
"
the names read somewhat differently, thus :
but, in his
Acta Sanctonim Hibernire,"
The Virgin Brigid is called the daughter of Lenen, son to Ganncon, son of Donald, son to Conamla, son of Colgus, son to Cronn-
mal, son of Altus, son to /Engus, &c. See xvi. Januarii. Appendix ad Inventionem S.
Foillani, cap. ii. , p. 104. No doubt, we must make some allowance for typogiaphi- cal errors.
T^lARCH 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 197
Marianus O'Gorman, Charles Maguire and the Martyrology of Donegal place the festival of these holy ladies, at the 6th of March. 3 The site for their
church is determined, by Dr. 0'Donovan,4 to have been comprised, within the greater part of the barony of Rathdown, in the present county of Dublin, or in some northern part of Wicklow County. There the sept of Ui- Briuin-Cualann was located. ^ According to William M. Hennessy, the place where these pious ladies lived was in the southern part of the county of
Killiney Church, County of Dublin.
Dublin. ^ ItisnowsaidtobeknownasKillininy,7orKilnanaughnin,near Fir House Convent, Bohernabreena. ^ There is an old ruined church at Killiney,9 on the sea-shore of Dublin County, and near the beautiful bay, to whichthechurchgivesname. Anoriginalsketch,engravinganddescription of this ruin, written by John S. Sloane, C. E. ,'° will convey a perfect repre- sentation and information regarding it, both to the eye and mind of an anti-
»See Rev. Dr. Kelly's "Calendar of Parish of Tallaght, and Barony of Upper-
Irish Saints," p. xvii.
3 See, Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga. "
Appendix Quarta ad Acta S. Brigidse," cap, i. , p. 612.
See "Annals of the Four Masters," at
A. D. 738, when the chieftain of Ui-Briuin-
Cualann, called Dubhdothra, or " the Black Man of the Dodder," was killed. See vol.
i,, pp. 340, 341.
5 See ibid. , nn. (m, n) . In it, also, Dr.
O'Donovan states, that the churches of Cill- Inghine-Leinin, • now Killiney, Tigh-Chon-
aill, now Stagonnell, and Dunmore, are set dovm in O'Clerys' Calendar, as being in this territory.
* William M. Hennessy appends the following note, in —his copy of the Martyr-
cross. In addition I find, (sic). Cal. Oct. 14, B. 8. '"
'
Co. Antrim
ology of Donegal
of Dublin. Irish vol. i. , No. xi. , p. 169.
••
:
Cill n« ninsen, or Killininny, in the
County
Literary Gazette,"
7 It is marked, on the " Ordnance Survey
Townland Maps for the County of Dublin," Sheet 22.
^
This extensive townland, in the parish
of Tallagh, and barony of Uppercross, is defined on Sheets 21, 22, 24, 25 ibid. It lies along the upper Dodder, the course of
"
which is described in D'Alton's History of
the County of Dublin," pp. 846 to 849.
9 The townland and parish of Killiney are situated in the barony of Rathdown, and they are found described, on the " Ordnance Survey Townland Maps for the County of
Dublin. " Sheets 23, 26.
"See Antiquarian Rambles, in the ''
198 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
quarian investigator. The accompanying illustration will also present its appearance, from a different point of view, as drawn by William F. Wakeman,
many years ago," and when this building was much more perfect, than it is at present. In another admirable work," by the same writer the chief features have been described, and engravings of some details'3 serve to illus- trate his description. Of old date, and originally consisting of a simple nave and choir, '4 this primitive church is tolerably entire, excepting its roof. On its northern side, an aisle was subsequently added, perhaps about the close of the twelfth century. In the northern side of this addition, there is a pointed doorway. ^5 in the primitive church, there is a Cyclopean doorway,*^ in the centre of the west gable, with the figure of a Roman cross, under the lintel. ^7 There are gaps cut into the original northern wall, to give access to the side aisle. The pointed or so-called " Gothic" doorway leads from the exterior into the aisle, and it is chamfered upon the outside. The graveyard around is shaded with trees, and the old church walls with ivy. ^^ Whether it was at Killininy, or at Killiney, the pious daughters of Lenin lived, seems an uncertain matter ; but, it is probable enough, that while their sister Brighit remained at the latter place, the following five occupied the former as a resi- dence. Thus,theMartyrologyofDonegal'9entersthedaughtersofLeinin,^° asDruigen,Luigen,Luicell,MachaandRiomhtach. Thesearesaidtobe sisters of Brighit, daughter of Leinin,^' Their place is called Cill-inghen- Leinin, in Ui-Briuin Cualann, in Leinster. All of those pious ladies, here venerated,^^ were sisters to St. Colmanj'^s the Bishop and Patron of Cloyne Diocese f* and, accordingly, they seem to have lived, towards the close of the sixth or the beginning of the seventh century.
Article VII. —St. Brighit, supposed to be of Killiney, County of Dublin. [Sixth or Seventh Century. 1 As we have already seen, in the fore- going article, several holy sisters seem to have lived, and after death were
"
daughters," in Huibh-Briuin Chualann territory,^ otherwise called Chrioch-
venerated, at the church of Kill-naningean, Anglicised,
the church of the
" By the same eminent Irish antiquary and artist, it has been transferred to the wood, and it has been engraved by Mrs. Millard.
"See "ArchseologiaHibemica : a Hand- Book of Irish Antiquities, Pagan and Chris-
tian," part ii. , chap, ii. , pp.
946. See GalUa Christiana," tomus iii. , col. 570.
^^ No less than fifty-two abbots of this
house are commemorated. See L'Abbe "
5° Nothing further is known regarding Abbot of Gorze. _
^v^-
s' This was situated on the northern bank
of a stream, which flowed into the River
ss See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404. »* After Immonus, it is related, in the
transferred his body to Gorze, a. d. 765, according to Bishop Milo, in his Treatise,
" De Passione, Translatione, et Miraculis S.
Gorgonii," which was inscribed to Immon,
192 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. selection, nor did he note the words of the Prophet Ezechiel
:
[March 6.
" Son of man,
I have made thee a watchman to the House of Israel
;
and thou shalt hear
the word out of my mouth, and shalt tell it them from me. But, if thou give
warning to the wicked, and he be not converted from his wickedness, and
from his evil way ; he indeed shall die in his iniquity, but thou hast delivered
thysoul/^97 Havingtakenchargeoftheplace,nearMetz,Cadroebegantoset
about its restoration. Men and women flocked thither from the city each
day, while clerics, monks and nuns were desirous of receiving counsel from
him, and every manner of comfort in their spiritual necessities. He was
loved and venerated for his disinterestedness : he felt solicitude for the souls
of all : he had compassion for the sinner, and he rejoiced with those, who
received joy and blessings. On account of such great virtues, holy conver-
sation, and prudent moderation, he was named abbot of the house, by the
Bishop of Metz, and with the unanimous approval of his religious brethren.
This elevation took place in 980, according to the " Chronicon Valciodo-
rense ;" but, this is manifestly an error, founded on the supposition, that he
succeededForannanasAbbotofWasor. 9^ Averyseriousmistakehasbeen
made, by the Sanmarthann, brothers,99 when stating, that St. Cadroe or Cad-
roetus, a Scot, had been called from Luxeu, a. d. 929,'°° and that he lived
there with his companions, Otbert and Maximinus. At this early period,
our saint is stated to have presided over the Monastery of St. Felix and of
St. Clement,atMetz. '°' St. CadroepaidavisittoWasor,whentheFeastof
Blessed Gorgonius again came round ; for, he desired to meet Wltmarus or
Womarus,'°^ Abbot at Ghent, and Aledrandus,^°3 Abbot of Gemblours Mon-
astery. '°4 Cadroe had already passed the fort of Brieum,^°5 and his compa-
nions urged him to take some refreshment, at an hour earlier than usual,
because they had arrived at an agreeable spot, where a spring of water was
to be found. Cadroe turned to them and spoke in the words of holy writ :
" Wo to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and when thy princes eat in
morning. "
^'^ Then he told that there and God them, everywhere else,
the
could produce water. His companions assented, and remained fasting, until
they had entered a meadow when Cadroe said ;
:
" Behold, brethren, a
"Chronicon Walciodorense," that Code-
fridus, from the church of Rheims, was
elected abbot, but we are not told for what
length of time he presided. However, find this name written Womarus. He is owing to his insolent behaviour, the monks said to have succeeded the Abbot Hugo, expelled him. The Bollandists rather A. D. 955, and to have died on the sixth favour the conjecture, that he immediately
succeeded St. Cadroe, as this passage in his Acts seems to indicate.
97 Ezechiel iii. , 17, 19,
Kalends of September, A. D. 982.
'°3 Colgan thinks he was the same as
9^ Relying on the authority of the BoUan- dists, Dr. Lanigan makes Cadroe successor to Macallin, whom he considers first Abbot of
'*
Erluinus, Abbot of Gemblours, deprived of sight, A. D. 958, and who died A. D. 987. Therefore, he considers the event, related in the text, to have occurred before the former year, as it was not likely a blind man would have made this journey on foot. But, Ale- dandrus was substituted for Erluinus, as abbot, and during the lifetime of the latter, he died A. D. 986.
'"^ It is called Gemmelaus, in a charter of Odio, given a. d. 946. See Miraeus' " In Notitia Ecclesiarum Belgii," cap. 56.
'°s Colgan thinks this was the Castrum
Barris, or Barrense, built a. d. 951, by Fre- deric, son of Richimet, Duke of Lotharin- gia, and brother to Aberon, Bishop of Metz, according to Frodoard.
•"* Ecclesiastes x. , 16,
_
Wasor. See
land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect. 4, p. 404.
100
in France.
Ecclesiastical History of Ire-
99 See "Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
^j j. |jjg period, he had not even landed
'°'
They profess to give a list of the abbots of this establishment, compiled from documents, furnished by Peter de Crochets, Prior of St. Arnulph. But, the Bollandists, who took care to examine the original docu- ments, could find in them nothing to war- rant such statements, nor could confirmation
of these be obtained from any other source, '°= In the Chronicle of St. Bavo, a manu- script relating to the Abbots of Ghent, we
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 193
When they complained, that no water was "
place suitable for our purpose,"
there fit for use, Cadroe replied
give water to his servants, since he ordered water to issue from the dry rock forhispeoplewhoweremurmuring. " Therewasareedyturfintheplace, and raising a sod, abundant water issued from the earth. Then turning to
:
Despair
not, for the hand of God can
" The
water to reward your charity, that you may learn how Christian charity is
always rich. " Then, having partaken of their meal, their journey was re- sumed; and,thefountainremaining,atthetimewhenSt. Cadroe'sActswere written,wasastandingtestimonyofhismeritsbeforeGod. Theinterestsof the religious house, consigned to his care, required that he should go to Count Frederick, ^°7 called the Duke, and by him our saint was kindly and courteously received. Running forward to receive him, Cadroe placed the staff he bore behind him, thinking one of his companions had been there to receive it ; when the Acts state, that a ray of sun-beam shot from the window, and on it the staff remained suspended. '"^ On returning from Wasor'°9 to Metz,"° he ordered a young ward to accompany him, and by making the sign of the cross over his eyes, these were healed of a grievous infirmity, whichseizedonthemduringthatjourney. "^ Again,hemiraculouslyhealed a young man, who was wasting away with fever, nearly a whole year. Another Scottish monk, called Lazarus,"^ lived with him in the monastery. He was reduced to the last extremity, by a fever, and the man of God happened to come, when that monk lay on the ground, and, as was thought, at the very point of death. Cadroe, taking his hands and making a sign of the cross, ordered him to lie on the bed for a while. To the great admira- tion of all, the sick monk recovered, and was soon able to use his feet. Ac- cording to the Psalmist, the Lord " will do the will of them that fear him, andhewillheartheirprayer,andsavethem. ""3 Sowerehismerciesmani- fested through St. Cadroe. The humility of this holy man was very remark- able ; his abstinence and frugality were admirable ; his patience was almost superhuman ; but, his charity was above all praise. At one time, John,"* Abbot of Gorze, who was a pillar in the temple of God, had been obliged to lie down on his bed, owing to weakness, brought on through his excessive
fasts. Knowing this, Cadroe visited Gorze, and ordered certain nutricious food to be prepared, for their joint refection. This John refused to touch,
at first, but, being commanded by Cadroe, who set the example, the abbot's pious scruples were removed. This obedience was the cause of returning health. Near Metz was a large convent of St. Peter,"5 and there the incom- parable Abbess Helvidis"^ presided over a large community of nuns. One
'°^
Count of Barrense, he became Duke of Lotharingia. Yet, by Lotharingia must not be understood the whole province, but only that part of it, on the Moselle, of which he was made first Duke or beneficiary, as Hosiers, Mirgeus, and other writers, state. However, the BoUandists correct Colgan's conclusions, by observing, that the fort Bar- rense had its name, from being commenced about the year 970, as a "
his Cadroe companions,
said,
clemency
of the
Almighty
hath sent this
Colgan supposes, that from being there, shortly before the latter assumed
gulum contra Francos. "
"*'
Legends similar to this often occur in the Acts of Celtic saints.
'°9 The BoUandists
appear, St. Cadroe did not wholly resign his care of Wasor, until the arrival of Forannan,
even while some irregularities prevailed
"s
tury, by St. Baldric, whose sister St. Bova first ruled over it, and then their relative St. Doda, venerated at the 24th of April. The
barra,
sen
repa-
charge.
"° This celebrated city of Lorraine is
situated on the Moselle River,
'" Colgan remarks, that when the author
of our saint's Acts wrote, there was living a witness of this great miracle.
"= Colgan does not think the present
monk's name is to be found in our Irish
Calendars, although the etymon was
common in Ireland. enough
"3 Psalms cxliv,, 19.
"< His feast occurs at the 27th of Feb-
ruary.
observe, that it would
This was founded in the seventh cen-
N
194 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
of these was thought to have been possessed \ and, as Cadroe knew this sort of demon was not to be cast out, save by prayer and fasting, being invited to the place, and thus fortified against him, the holy man cast out the evil spirit. When Adelbero, Bishop of Metz, had finished his thirty-five years of adminis- tration,"7 Theodoric,"^ belonging to the Imperial family,"^ and a man of singular ability, was called to succeed him by universal acclaim. ^^° The rank of his family olaliged him to engage much in temporal affairs ; however, this didnotpreventhimfrombuildingandrepairingchurches. Hedesired,like- wise, to collect memorials, relics and bodies of the saints, from every quarter, and to translate them into his diocese. He also loved the society of holy men, and especially was there a mutual affection, between himself and Blessed Cadroe ; while, through his influence, our holy abbot and his reli- gious had their house suitably endowed, while he desired the counsel and care of his devoted friend. '^' The Emperor Otho granted certain possessions and immunities to the Abbey of St. Felix"^ and of St. Clement,"3 in Metz, during the time Cadroe governed it, while he undertook to be its special protector. "4 It would seem, that our saint, in 960, reformed this house, "5 and ruled, likewise, over the Monastery of St. Symphorianus, while he lived there. "^ Ahistoryoftheoriginalfoundationisgiven,andanaccountofthe variousrestorations,bythebrothersSanmarthann. "? OursaintvisitedHel- vidis, who was stopping at a place, called Corruptala ; but, she complained that a sufficiency of meat was not to be had, for the purpose of entertaining himself and his companions. However, he declared to her, that the Lord should miraculously supply this want ; when a deer, chased by dogs, fell over an adjoining precipice, and broke his limbs, so that, the flesh of this animal was served up for refection of the guests. Being now famed for his miracles and virtues, the Blessed Cadroe desired to be dissolved, and to be with Christ. The Empress Dowager Adeleide,"^ the mother of the invincible
Sanmarthann state, that Adalberon, Bishop of Metz, had it restored under the rule of St. Benedict.
"* The Sanmarthann place Helvidis Ab- bess the thirteenth in order, and state that she died on the 17th of January, A. D. ii6o; but, the Bollandists observe, that the order and date must be changed, if the present holy woman be intended, as they seem to suspect.
"7 He died, A. D. 964, according to Claude Robert, in the "Gallia Christiana. " The
greater part of St. "Cadroe's Acts appertain to his pontificate.
"* He was the son of Duke Frederic, by Beatrice, the sister of Hugh Capet, accord- ing to Claude Robert.
"9 He was a cousin-german to the Empe- ror Otho, the Great, as Sigebert states in
from St. Felix, the third Bishop of Metz. It was near the gate of St. Theobald, and on
the declivity of a hill, near the small stream, called Sallia. His feast occurs on the 21st
of February.
"3 This holy man was first Bishop of
Metz, and his place was kno^^^l as Ad-basi- licas, where he lived as a recluse. The feast of St. Clement was held on the Sixth Nones of May, according to the Kalendars.
"* See Mabillon's " Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. Ixv. , sect, xxiii. , p. 500. Also, tomus i v. , lib. 1,, sect. Ixi. , p. 74.
"^ gee Bishop Forbes' *' Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 294.
"* See Mabillon's "Annales Ordinis S.
Benedicti," tomus iii. , lib. xlvii. , sect, xxiv. , p. 594. Colgan arrives at the conclusion, that this was a different one from the mon-
"
Chronicle," at A. D. 964.
twenty years,
his
'*> He sat for
and died A. D.
astery
of St. Felix and of St.
Clement,
984. Sigebert of Gemblours wrote his Life.
Sigebert relates, angel given St. Clement the first letters, according to name, of the Bishops of Metz : here some names were inscribed in gold, and some in other baser metals, according to their relative degrees of merit. Theodoric's initial letter was wrought in silver, but he said he should do so much for the bishopric,
that it ought to be inscribed in gold.
although likewise outside the walls of Metz.
Emperor granted
A. D. 992, in favour of Fingen, an Irishman, whom Colgan thinks to have been its first abbot.
"^ See " Gallia Christiana," tomus iv. , p. 267.
"^ Relying on the ambiguous authority of William of Malmsburj', lib. ii. , cap. v.
, Col- gan makes her daughter to Edward, Kmg of England, sister to Athelstan and Edmund,
'" thatan had
The Otho HI. a charter
»'^
This was the name it received at first,
March 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 195
Emperor Otho, had a great affection towards Cadroe and his religious. On her way to Italy, she arrived at a place, called Neheristeim,"? on the banks oftheRiverRhine. ThenceshesentamessagetoMetz,withanentreaty, that Cadroe should come to visit her. Although he knew, that his days were fast drawing to a close ; yet, being pressed by the messengers, and by the prelate Deodericus,^3o Cadroe charitably yielded to her request, and patiently set about the completion of his journey. On the way, he informed some of his attendant brothers, that death was fast impending, and a great grief
them. To console he " The of counsel them, said, Angel good
oppressed
shallnotdesertyou,mybrethren,unlessyoufirstleavehim. Receivethe
Lord's commands, with great eagerness, fulfil his work, and he shall direct
you in the way of eternal life. But, this miserable body, if my prayers have
weight with you, bear to the monastery, and there inter it. If the Empress
endeavour to detain me for a little time, do not oppose her wishes ; for,
should I die while there, let your charity bear with the privation of my inter-
mentinthemonastery. Astotherest,aftermydeath,youhavewisemen
among you, whose advic—e you should take, and do not fail to remember me
to the Abbess Heluidis a better woman than her I have never found,
accordingtomyhumblejudgment. InChrist'sname,givemyfarewellto
the Lord Bishop, and to my other friends, while you pray them to ask God
for mercy on my poor soul. " In the meantime, Cadroe hastened to meet the
Empress, who received him with great joy, and with every demonstration of
respect. He accosted her with these words, " Know you, sovereign lady,
why I came hither? " She replied, "Father, thy abounding charity hath
brought thee. " Then the man of God, with his sweet and radiant look, said,
" Indeed, while charity compelled me to come, necessity urged, also, that
coming I might ask a license. " '3i The meaning of this he knew, although
the Empress did not. When his visit had been prolonged for four days or
more, the pious lady yet urged his stay, and engaged the bishops present to
" Alas
entreated him to stop for two days longer, and with great reluctance, he con- sented. This was a subject of joy to his royal hostess, but when the dinner hour came, she sat down to table, with her noble company. Suddenly they were alarmed by a great fire breaking out, and a man, falHng from a great
height, and having his legs broken, was brought to Cadroe, who miraculously restored him to health. All the chiefs congratulated him on his merits, but this hurt his humility, and he besought them to speak no more on such a topic. The two days having elapsed, and the Empress still deferring her permission for his departure, a fever seized him, and soon his strength was completelyexhausted. CaUinghismonksaroundhim,herecommendedthem.
King of England, wife to Otho I. and ments. She had the following sons by mother to Otho II. This account, we have Otho : her first-born was Henry, her second incorrectly followed, also, in our notices of was Bruno, and the third was Otho ; she St. Fingen, at the 5th of February, n. 18.
it. Then
must hasten to leave, for my death is fast approaching, and yield not to those petitions, if you desire to bear my body to your monastery. " Still the Empress
request
Cadroe, turning
to his
monks, said,
! brothers, you
But, by Colgan, the Ethilda, mentioned by
William of Malmesbury, is thought to have been identical with Adeleide. Yet, the
Bollandists show, that the latter was daughter to Rudolph, King of the Burgun-
dians, and of his queen Bertha, daughter to Burchard, Duke of the Alemanni. Ade- laide married King Hugo, at first, and after his death, Otho became her husband. She was a person of rare virtue and accomplish-
had a daughter, called Edidis, probably Edith.
"» Or Neristen, where the Emperor Otho had an Imperial residence. See Mabillon's " Annals Ordinis S. Benedict! ," tomus iv. , lib. 1. , sect. Ixi. , p, 74.
'^'° He was probably living in or near the city of Metz.
'3' The succeeding narrative helps us little, in divining the meaning of these words, which are veiy obscuiely expressed.
196 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6
to hasten his journey, so that, if possible, he might reach his monastery alive. But, the final moment had arrived, and after the thirtieth year of his pilgrim- age, and in the seventieth year of his age, Cadroe was called away to his everlasting reward in the kingdom of heaven. According to custom, the body was placed in a coffin, but, owing to some accident, the corpse was turned on one side. The saint appeared in a vision to one of the monks, and, as he was the cause of thus placing the remains, this neglect was soon set to rights. In great grief for his loss, the citizens of Metz went forth to meet his funeral, and they were joined by the inhabitants of all the surround- ing districts. The memories of his goodness caused abundant tears to be shed, and while Cadroe's coffin was borne along the way, a man, who had long suffered from a fever, was immediately healed when he touched it. A grand funeral procession of the clergy, monks, nuns and people of Metz con- ducted the remains to that place, where he had served the Lord so faithfully during his hfe. An altar to his memory was constructed, in the Church of St. Felix, where his remains were deposited. He was succeeded by Fingen,^^^ a Scottish monk, from Hibernia, and who ruled as abbot over the Monastery of St. Felix and of St. Clement. The death of St. Cadroe may probably be assigned to the 6th day of March, since all authorities seem to agree, that this was the date for his feast. 'sa His death happened, in the year 975, according to Colgan,^34 and the Bollandists,^35 This likewise is the computa- tion of Mabillon,'36^vhile it has been followed, by Dr. Lanigan,'^/ and by other judicious writers. His demise is therefore very incorrectly placed, at the
Article VI. —The Holy Daughters of Leinin, Saints Drugexia, LUIGENIA, LUICELLA, MaCHA AND RiOMTHACH, AT THE ChURCH OF KlLL-
NA-NINGEAN, NOW SUPPOSED TO BE KiLLININY, COUNTY OF DUBLIN.
to the *' Chronicon Valciodorense. " A comme- yearly
year 998, according
moration was instituted in his honour, to mark the many benefits and miracles obtained, in favour of different persons, through his intercession. The many miracles wrought by him were to be found in a book of his Life, long preserved in the monasteries, where he presided with edification and profit to his religious subjects.
[^Sixt/t Sanctilogium Genealogi- cum," these sisters are said to have been the daughters of Leninus, son to
or Seventh In the last Century. ]
chapter
of the "
Garrchon, son to Donacius, the son of Conamalius, son to Colgan, son to Cronmael, son to Altius, son to ^ngus, the son of Nuadatus, &c. ' In the Martyrology of Tallagh, these sisters are not named, at the 6th of March ;
but,
there
they
are or the " called, Ivgena Lenini,
daughters
of Leninus. " "^
'32 See an account of him, at the 5th of February.
'33 Dempster, who calls him Hadrous,
states, that although ignorant regarding his
place of living, and sepulture, as also of his
writings, yet, that he flourished as an abbot
in Belgium, A. D. Dcccxxcii. , and the day
of his death was held to be uncertain. See
"
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Scotorum," tomus ii. , lib. viii. , num. 638, pp. 339, 340.
'34 Or, as he states, at farthest, the year 976 was not completed, at the time, as he endeavours to show from various data.
'3S See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. , Martii vi. De S. Cadroe Abbate Metis in Lotharingia. Commentarius prcevius, sect.
ii. , pp. 470, 471.
'36 See '* Acta Sanctonim Ordinis S. Be-
nedicti," s? ec. v. Previous observations to St. Cadroe's Acts.
'37 See "Ecclesiastical History of Ire- land," vol. iii. , chap, xxiii. , sect, iii. , p. 401, and n. 18, p. 402.
Article vi. —' Thus is the pedigree
traced, in " Trias ;" Colgan's Thaumaturga
"
the names read somewhat differently, thus :
but, in his
Acta Sanctonim Hibernire,"
The Virgin Brigid is called the daughter of Lenen, son to Ganncon, son of Donald, son to Conamla, son of Colgus, son to Cronn-
mal, son of Altus, son to /Engus, &c. See xvi. Januarii. Appendix ad Inventionem S.
Foillani, cap. ii. , p. 104. No doubt, we must make some allowance for typogiaphi- cal errors.
T^lARCH 6. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 197
Marianus O'Gorman, Charles Maguire and the Martyrology of Donegal place the festival of these holy ladies, at the 6th of March. 3 The site for their
church is determined, by Dr. 0'Donovan,4 to have been comprised, within the greater part of the barony of Rathdown, in the present county of Dublin, or in some northern part of Wicklow County. There the sept of Ui- Briuin-Cualann was located. ^ According to William M. Hennessy, the place where these pious ladies lived was in the southern part of the county of
Killiney Church, County of Dublin.
Dublin. ^ ItisnowsaidtobeknownasKillininy,7orKilnanaughnin,near Fir House Convent, Bohernabreena. ^ There is an old ruined church at Killiney,9 on the sea-shore of Dublin County, and near the beautiful bay, to whichthechurchgivesname. Anoriginalsketch,engravinganddescription of this ruin, written by John S. Sloane, C. E. ,'° will convey a perfect repre- sentation and information regarding it, both to the eye and mind of an anti-
»See Rev. Dr. Kelly's "Calendar of Parish of Tallaght, and Barony of Upper-
Irish Saints," p. xvii.
3 See, Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga. "
Appendix Quarta ad Acta S. Brigidse," cap, i. , p. 612.
See "Annals of the Four Masters," at
A. D. 738, when the chieftain of Ui-Briuin-
Cualann, called Dubhdothra, or " the Black Man of the Dodder," was killed. See vol.
i,, pp. 340, 341.
5 See ibid. , nn. (m, n) . In it, also, Dr.
O'Donovan states, that the churches of Cill- Inghine-Leinin, • now Killiney, Tigh-Chon-
aill, now Stagonnell, and Dunmore, are set dovm in O'Clerys' Calendar, as being in this territory.
* William M. Hennessy appends the following note, in —his copy of the Martyr-
cross. In addition I find, (sic). Cal. Oct. 14, B. 8. '"
'
Co. Antrim
ology of Donegal
of Dublin. Irish vol. i. , No. xi. , p. 169.
••
:
Cill n« ninsen, or Killininny, in the
County
Literary Gazette,"
7 It is marked, on the " Ordnance Survey
Townland Maps for the County of Dublin," Sheet 22.
^
This extensive townland, in the parish
of Tallagh, and barony of Uppercross, is defined on Sheets 21, 22, 24, 25 ibid. It lies along the upper Dodder, the course of
"
which is described in D'Alton's History of
the County of Dublin," pp. 846 to 849.
9 The townland and parish of Killiney are situated in the barony of Rathdown, and they are found described, on the " Ordnance Survey Townland Maps for the County of
Dublin. " Sheets 23, 26.
"See Antiquarian Rambles, in the ''
198 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 6.
quarian investigator. The accompanying illustration will also present its appearance, from a different point of view, as drawn by William F. Wakeman,
many years ago," and when this building was much more perfect, than it is at present. In another admirable work," by the same writer the chief features have been described, and engravings of some details'3 serve to illus- trate his description. Of old date, and originally consisting of a simple nave and choir, '4 this primitive church is tolerably entire, excepting its roof. On its northern side, an aisle was subsequently added, perhaps about the close of the twelfth century. In the northern side of this addition, there is a pointed doorway. ^5 in the primitive church, there is a Cyclopean doorway,*^ in the centre of the west gable, with the figure of a Roman cross, under the lintel. ^7 There are gaps cut into the original northern wall, to give access to the side aisle. The pointed or so-called " Gothic" doorway leads from the exterior into the aisle, and it is chamfered upon the outside. The graveyard around is shaded with trees, and the old church walls with ivy. ^^ Whether it was at Killininy, or at Killiney, the pious daughters of Lenin lived, seems an uncertain matter ; but, it is probable enough, that while their sister Brighit remained at the latter place, the following five occupied the former as a resi- dence. Thus,theMartyrologyofDonegal'9entersthedaughtersofLeinin,^° asDruigen,Luigen,Luicell,MachaandRiomhtach. Thesearesaidtobe sisters of Brighit, daughter of Leinin,^' Their place is called Cill-inghen- Leinin, in Ui-Briuin Cualann, in Leinster. All of those pious ladies, here venerated,^^ were sisters to St. Colmanj'^s the Bishop and Patron of Cloyne Diocese f* and, accordingly, they seem to have lived, towards the close of the sixth or the beginning of the seventh century.
Article VII. —St. Brighit, supposed to be of Killiney, County of Dublin. [Sixth or Seventh Century. 1 As we have already seen, in the fore- going article, several holy sisters seem to have lived, and after death were
"
daughters," in Huibh-Briuin Chualann territory,^ otherwise called Chrioch-
venerated, at the church of Kill-naningean, Anglicised,
the church of the
" By the same eminent Irish antiquary and artist, it has been transferred to the wood, and it has been engraved by Mrs. Millard.
"See "ArchseologiaHibemica : a Hand- Book of Irish Antiquities, Pagan and Chris-
tian," part ii. , chap, ii. , pp.
