A painter of second-rate merit,
celebrated
for
Hipp.
Hipp.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
§ 4); of Athena at Athens, Tegea and
master of Catana, though he does not mention Hip- Olympia (i. 30. § 4, 31. § 3, v. 15. § 4, viii. 47.
parinus. He held the supreme power for only two $ 1); of Poseidon (vi. 20. § 8, i. 30. $ 4; Liv. i.
years, during which he appears to have excited the 9); of Ares (Paus. v. 15. § 4); and at Rome also
contempt of his subjects by his drunkenness, as of Fortuna and Venus. (Liv. xl. 40, xlii. 3; Serv.
well as their hatred by his tyranny, and he fell a ad Aen. i. 724. )
(L. S. ]
victim to assassination. (Diod. xvi. 36 ; Theo- HIPPIAS ('Intlas), captain of a company of
pompus, ap. Athen. x. p. 436, a. ; Ael. V. H. ii. Arcadian mercenaries in the service of Pissuthnes,
41. )
[E. H. B. ] is named by Thucydides in the story of the fifth
HIPPA'SIUS ('ITTéolos), a veterinary sur- year of the Peloponnesian War, B. c. 427. A
geon, who may perhaps have lived in the fourth or faction of the Colophonians of Notium dependent
fifth century after Christ. He wrote some works, on Persian aid introduced him into a fortified
of which only a few fragments remain, which are quarter of the town ; and here, after the surrender
to be found in the collection of writers on vete- of Mytilene, he was found and besieged by Paches,
rinary surgery, first published in a Latin version whose succour was demanded by the exiles of the
by Joannes Ruellius, Paris, 1530, fol. , and after- other party. Paches, under a promise of a safe
wards in the original Greek, by Simon Grynaeus, return into the fortification if no terms should be
Basel, 1537, 4to.
[W. A. G. ] agreed on, drew Hippias out to a conference ; re-
HIPPASUS (“Ιππασος). 1. The father of tained him, while, by a sudden attack, the place
Actos the Argonaut. (Apollod. i. 9. § 16; Hygin. was carried ; and satisfied the letter of his promise
Fab. 14. )
by bringing him back into the fortress, and there
2. A son of Ceyx, king of Trachis, and the com shooting him to death. (Thuc. iii. 34. ) [A. H. C. ]
there was no other
o the character
ents of Pato
cannot be den
TETT extensive ki
ki 24 ans w
pa studies, bo
Tasic, matbemat
that to a certain
the cocinary arts
ing on bis Doce 19
ei vith his 0*
bis csak, and so
Han TEIL
le; Thenist. On
te me uime
28
bt enter into the
Kresor, and that
enlities, which
teng without a
kuyance, combine
P. 368
these things
in wtx
aanse which proto
of Eippias
sepaist eriose
and thus tad a p
education of the yo
pro forte sems
trtempore shows
ett led him to i
Opera, and there
Creeks an orat. on
prorused to him
Pastratus in fact
de fered at Olym
vaxton. Such spei
by Hippias, bet 101
Beerse (op. Plata
epic poetry, tragedie:
.
## p. 479 (#495) ############################################
HIPPIAS
479
HIPPIUS.
HIPPIAS ('Intlas). 1. [PRISISTRATUS and tions, as the productions of Hippias ; nay, his
PEISISTRATIDAR. ]
literary vanity seems not to have scrupled to write
2. The Sophist, was a native of Elis, and a son on grammar, music, rhythm, harmony, and a variety
of Diopeithes. He was a disciple of Hegesidamus of other subjects. (Plat. Hipp. maj. p. 285, &c. ;
(Suid. s. v. ), and the contemporary of Protagoras comp. Philostr
. l. a; Plut. Num. 1, 23; Dion
and Socrates. Owing to his talent and skill, his Chrys. Orat. lxxi. p. 625. ) He seems to have been
fellow-citizens availed themselves of his services in especially fond of choosing antiquarian and mythi-
political matters, and in a diplomatic mission to cal subjects for his slow speeches. Athenaeus
Sparta. (Plat. Hipp. maj. pp. 281. A, 286. a; (xiii. p. 609) mentions a work of Hippias under
Philostr. Vit. Soph. i. 11. ) But he was in every the title {uvaywynt
, which is otherwise unknown.
respect like the other sophists of the time: he An epigram of his is preserved in Pausanias (v. 25,
travelled about in various towns and districts of also in Brunck, Analect. ii. 57). His style and
Greece for the purpose of acquiring wealth and language are not censured for any thing particular
celebrity, by teaching and public speaking. His by the ancients. (Comp. Groen van Prinsterer,
character as a sophist, his vanity, and his boastful Prosop. Platon. p. 91, &c. ; Geel, Ilist. Crit. Soph.
arrogance, are well described in two dialogues of p. 181, &c; F. Osann, Der Sophist Hippias uls
Pluto, the 'Itrias ueltwr and the 'Itrias éAdTTW Archaeolog, in the Rhein. Mus. for 1843, p. 495,
(Hippias major and Hippias minor). The former &c. )
treats of the question about the beautiful, and in a 3. Of Thasus, one of the earliest Greek gram-
manner which gives ample scope for putting the marians, who occupied himself with the explanation
knowledge and presumption of Hippias in a ludi- of difficult and obscure passages in the Homeric
crous light; the other handles the deficiency of poems. (Aristot. Poet. 25 ; Soph. Elench. i. 3 ;
our knowledge, and exposes the ridiculous vanity Lysias, Orat. xiii. $ 54. )
of the sophist. The latter dialogue is considered 4. Of Delos, a Greek grammarian, probably of a
by Schleiermacher and Ast to be spurious. Ast later date than the preceding one, is mentioned as
even goes so far as to reject the Hippias major also; the author of a sort of geographical dictionary
but it is not easy to get over the difficulty which (dov@v ovouagiai, Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii.
arises from the fact of Aristotle (Metaphys. v. 29) 1178, Eudoc. p. 248 ; Eustath. ad Dionys. Pericg.
and Cicero (de Orat. iii. 32) mentioning it
, though 270), but is otherwise unknown.
without expressly ascribing it to Plato; but how- 5. Of Erythrae, an historian, whose age is un-
ever this may be, the dialogues must at any rate known. He wrote a work on the history of his
have been written by a person and at a time when native city, of which a fragment is quoted by Athe-
there was no difficulty in forming a correct estimate naeus (vi. p. 258).
[L. S. ]
of the character of Hippias. If we compare the HI'PPIAS (ʻIrplas), artists. 1. A statuary,
accounts of Plato with those given by other writers, mentioned by Dio Chrysostom as the teacher of
it cannot be denied that Hippias was a man of Phidias. (
(Orat. lv, vol. ii. p. 282, ed. Reiske. )
very extensive knowledge, that he occupied him- 2. A statuary, who, according to Pausanias,
self not only with rhetorical, philosophical, and made the statue of the Olympic victor Scaeus, the
political studies, but was also well versed in poetry, son of Duris of Samos, in the Altis at Olympia,
music, mathematics, painting and sculpture, nay, during the time when the Samians were expelled
that to a certain extent he had a practical skill in from their island, that is, before B. C. 324. (Paus.
the ordinary arts of life, for he used to boast of wear- vi. 13. $ 3, or & 5, ed. Bekker, who restores the
ing on his body nothing that he had not made him- name of Scaeus, which is lost or corrupted in the
self with his own hands, such as his seal-ring, older editions. )
his cloak, and shoes. (Plat. Hipp. maj. p. 285. C, 3.
A painter of second-rate merit, celebrated for
Hipp. min. p. 368. b, Protag. p. 315. c; Philostr. his picture or pictures of Neptune and Victory.
l. c. ; Themist. Orut. xxix. p. 345. d. ) But it is (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40. § 35. )
at the same time evident that his knowledge of all 4. A most skilful mechanician and geometri-
these things was a superficial kind, that he did cian, contemporary with Lucian, who describes a
not enter into the details of any particular art or bath constructed by him. (Hippias, seu Balneium,
science, and that he was satisfied with certain vol. iii. pp. 66–74. )
[P. S. )
generalities, which enabled him to speak on every- HI'PPITAS, or HI’PPOTAS('Inaltas, Polyb. ;
thing without a thorough knowledge of any. This 'Imaótas, Plut. ), one of the friends of Cleomenes
arrogance, combined with ignorance, is the main 111. , king of Sparta, who accompanied him in his
cause which provoked Plato to his severe criticism flight and exile in Egypt. He took part, together
of Hippias, in which he is the more justified, as with Panteus and the rest of the king's friends, in
the sophist enjoyed a very extensive reputation, the last fruitless attempt to excite an insurrection
and thus had a proportionate influence upon the at Alexandria, and shared with the rest a volun-
education of the youths of the higher classes. His tary death when they found that all hopes were at
great forte seems to have consisted in delivering an end. (Polyb. v. 37; Plut. Cleom. 37. ) [E. H. B. ]
extempore show speeches ; and once his sophistic HI'PPIUS, a friend of Cicero's, whom the
vanity led him to declare that he would travel to
orator represents as particularly deserving of his
Olympia, and there deliver before the assembled | esteem. He therefore recommended the son of
Greeks an oration on any subject that might be Hippius, C. Valgius Hippianus, who had been
proposed to him (Plat. Hipp. min. p. 363); and adopted by a member of the Valgian family, and
Philostratus in fact speaks of several such orations bad purchased a portion of the demesne of Fre-
deli vered at Olympia, and which created great gellae, to the magistrates of that town. (Cic. ad.
sensation. Such speeches must have been published Fam. xiu. 76. ) This letter conveys indirectly some
by Hippias, but no specimen has come down to us. curious information. Fregellae, once the chief town
Socrates (ap. Plat
. Hipp. min. p. 368) speaks of of a considerable district, became a Roman colony
epic poetry, tragedies, dithyrambs, and various ora- in B. c. 328. (Liv. viii. 22 ; Strab. v. p. 238. ) la
## p. 480 (#496) ############################################
480
HIPPOCOON.
HIPPOCRATES.
B. C. 122–121 it was destroyed by the praetor, slew Hippocoon and his sons. (Pans. iii. 1 § 4,
L. Opimius (Rhet. ad Herenn. iv. 9; Vell. ii. 6; 14. § 6, &c. , 15. § 2, &c. ; Apollod. ii. 7. & 3, iii.
Val. Max. ii. 8); and in the age of Augustus it 10. § 4; Diod. iv. 33. ) The number and names
was little more than an open village (Strab. lc ; of Hippocoon's sons are different in the different
Plin. H. N. iii. 5). But Cicero's letter (l. c. ) writers: A pollodorus mentions twelve, Diodorus
shows that it retained its demesne-land and its full ten, and Pausanias only six. Ovid (Mel. viii. 314)
complement of local magistrates. (W. B. D. ] mentions the sons of Hippocoon among the Caly.
HIPPO'BOTUS ('ITTÓBotos), a writer very donian hunters.
frequently quoted by Diogenes Laërtius. He There are four other mythical personages of the
wrote a work on the different philosophic schools name of Hippocoon. (Hygin. Fab. 10, 173; Hom.
(nepl Alpéoewv, which is perhaps the same work 1. x. 518 ; Virg. Aen. v. 492, &c. ) (L. S. ]
as the Φιλοσόφων 'Αναγραφή mentioned by Diog. HIPPO'CRATES ('IT rokpárns), (Sicilians).
Laërt. i. 42), embracing not only an exposition of 1. Tyrant of Gela, was the son of Pantares, and
their systems, but likewise biographical notices of succeeded his brother Cleander, who had ruled
the different philosophers. The passages where he over Gela as tyrant during seven years, B. C. 498.
is quoted will be found in Vossius, De Hist. Graec. Hence he found his power already firmly established
p. 455, ed. Westermann.
(C. P. M. ) at Geln, and soon extended it by numerous wars
HIPPOCAMPE and IIIPPOCAMPUS ('17- against the other cities of Sicily, in which he was
Tokduan and 'Intókaunos), the mythical sea-horse, almost uniformly successful. Callipolis, Naxos,
which, according to the description of Pausanias and Leontini, besides several smaller places, succes-
(ii. 1), was a horse, but the part of its body down sively fell under his yoke. Being called in by the
from the breast was that of a sea monster or fish. people of Zancle to assist them against the Samians,
The horse appears even in the Homeric poems as who had made themselves masters of their city
the symbol of Poseidon, whose chariot was drawn by treachery, he suddenly turned against his allies,
over the surface of the sea by swift horses. The threw their king Scythes into chains, and reduced
later poets and artists conceived and represented the mass of the people into slavery, while he gave
the horses of Poseidon and other marine divinities up three hundred of the principal citizens to the
as a combination of a horse and a fish. (Hom. I. mercy of the Samians, whom he allowed to retain
xiii. 24, 29; Eurip. Androm. 1012; Virg. Georg. possession of Zancle, in consideration of receiving
iv. 389; Philostr. Imag. 8 ; Stat. Theb. ii. 45; half the booty they had found there. He also
comp. Welcker in the Class. Museum, vol. ii. p. made war upon the Syracusang, whom he defeated
394. )
in a great battle at the river Helorus, and appears
HIPPOCENTAURUS. [CENTAURUS. ) even to have threatened Syracuse itself, as we hear
HIPPOCLEIDES (ʻlatoknelons), an Athe- of his encamping by the well-known temple of the
nian, son of Tisander, came to the court of CLEIS Olympian Zeus, in the immediate neighbourhood of
THENES of Sicyon as one of the suitors of his that city. But the intervention of the Corinthians
daughter AGARISTA. He was descended from the and Corcyreans induced him to consent to the con-
Cypselidae of Corinth (comp. Herod. vi. 35), and clusion of a treaty of peace, by which the Syracu-
was distinguished for wealth and beauty of person. sans, in exchange for the numerous prisoners he
Cleisthenes was disposed to prefer him to the other had taken at the Helorus, ceded to him the terri-
suitors, and he would probably have won the lady, tory of Camarina, and he immediately proceeded to
had he not disgusted Cleisthenes on the day ap- rebuild that city, which had been lately destroyed
pointed for the decision by indecent dancing and by the Syracusans. His last expedition was one
tumblers' tricks. To his host's remark, “ You have against the Sicels, in the midst of which he died,
danced away your marriage,” he returned an an- while engaged in the siege of Hybla (B. C. 491),
swer by which he did not redeem his character as a after a reign of seven years. He left two sons,
gentleman, “ Hippocleides does not care. ” (Herod. Cleander and Eucleides, who, however, did not suc-
vi. 127-129; Ath. xiv. p. 628, c, d. ) [E. E. ) ceed him in the sovereignty, being supplanted by
HIPPOCLES ('ITTOKAñs), son of Menippus Gelon. (Herod.
master of Catana, though he does not mention Hip- Olympia (i. 30. § 4, 31. § 3, v. 15. § 4, viii. 47.
parinus. He held the supreme power for only two $ 1); of Poseidon (vi. 20. § 8, i. 30. $ 4; Liv. i.
years, during which he appears to have excited the 9); of Ares (Paus. v. 15. § 4); and at Rome also
contempt of his subjects by his drunkenness, as of Fortuna and Venus. (Liv. xl. 40, xlii. 3; Serv.
well as their hatred by his tyranny, and he fell a ad Aen. i. 724. )
(L. S. ]
victim to assassination. (Diod. xvi. 36 ; Theo- HIPPIAS ('Intlas), captain of a company of
pompus, ap. Athen. x. p. 436, a. ; Ael. V. H. ii. Arcadian mercenaries in the service of Pissuthnes,
41. )
[E. H. B. ] is named by Thucydides in the story of the fifth
HIPPA'SIUS ('ITTéolos), a veterinary sur- year of the Peloponnesian War, B. c. 427. A
geon, who may perhaps have lived in the fourth or faction of the Colophonians of Notium dependent
fifth century after Christ. He wrote some works, on Persian aid introduced him into a fortified
of which only a few fragments remain, which are quarter of the town ; and here, after the surrender
to be found in the collection of writers on vete- of Mytilene, he was found and besieged by Paches,
rinary surgery, first published in a Latin version whose succour was demanded by the exiles of the
by Joannes Ruellius, Paris, 1530, fol. , and after- other party. Paches, under a promise of a safe
wards in the original Greek, by Simon Grynaeus, return into the fortification if no terms should be
Basel, 1537, 4to.
[W. A. G. ] agreed on, drew Hippias out to a conference ; re-
HIPPASUS (“Ιππασος). 1. The father of tained him, while, by a sudden attack, the place
Actos the Argonaut. (Apollod. i. 9. § 16; Hygin. was carried ; and satisfied the letter of his promise
Fab. 14. )
by bringing him back into the fortress, and there
2. A son of Ceyx, king of Trachis, and the com shooting him to death. (Thuc. iii. 34. ) [A. H. C. ]
there was no other
o the character
ents of Pato
cannot be den
TETT extensive ki
ki 24 ans w
pa studies, bo
Tasic, matbemat
that to a certain
the cocinary arts
ing on bis Doce 19
ei vith his 0*
bis csak, and so
Han TEIL
le; Thenist. On
te me uime
28
bt enter into the
Kresor, and that
enlities, which
teng without a
kuyance, combine
P. 368
these things
in wtx
aanse which proto
of Eippias
sepaist eriose
and thus tad a p
education of the yo
pro forte sems
trtempore shows
ett led him to i
Opera, and there
Creeks an orat. on
prorused to him
Pastratus in fact
de fered at Olym
vaxton. Such spei
by Hippias, bet 101
Beerse (op. Plata
epic poetry, tragedie:
.
## p. 479 (#495) ############################################
HIPPIAS
479
HIPPIUS.
HIPPIAS ('Intlas). 1. [PRISISTRATUS and tions, as the productions of Hippias ; nay, his
PEISISTRATIDAR. ]
literary vanity seems not to have scrupled to write
2. The Sophist, was a native of Elis, and a son on grammar, music, rhythm, harmony, and a variety
of Diopeithes. He was a disciple of Hegesidamus of other subjects. (Plat. Hipp. maj. p. 285, &c. ;
(Suid. s. v. ), and the contemporary of Protagoras comp. Philostr
. l. a; Plut. Num. 1, 23; Dion
and Socrates. Owing to his talent and skill, his Chrys. Orat. lxxi. p. 625. ) He seems to have been
fellow-citizens availed themselves of his services in especially fond of choosing antiquarian and mythi-
political matters, and in a diplomatic mission to cal subjects for his slow speeches. Athenaeus
Sparta. (Plat. Hipp. maj. pp. 281. A, 286. a; (xiii. p. 609) mentions a work of Hippias under
Philostr. Vit. Soph. i. 11. ) But he was in every the title {uvaywynt
, which is otherwise unknown.
respect like the other sophists of the time: he An epigram of his is preserved in Pausanias (v. 25,
travelled about in various towns and districts of also in Brunck, Analect. ii. 57). His style and
Greece for the purpose of acquiring wealth and language are not censured for any thing particular
celebrity, by teaching and public speaking. His by the ancients. (Comp. Groen van Prinsterer,
character as a sophist, his vanity, and his boastful Prosop. Platon. p. 91, &c. ; Geel, Ilist. Crit. Soph.
arrogance, are well described in two dialogues of p. 181, &c; F. Osann, Der Sophist Hippias uls
Pluto, the 'Itrias ueltwr and the 'Itrias éAdTTW Archaeolog, in the Rhein. Mus. for 1843, p. 495,
(Hippias major and Hippias minor). The former &c. )
treats of the question about the beautiful, and in a 3. Of Thasus, one of the earliest Greek gram-
manner which gives ample scope for putting the marians, who occupied himself with the explanation
knowledge and presumption of Hippias in a ludi- of difficult and obscure passages in the Homeric
crous light; the other handles the deficiency of poems. (Aristot. Poet. 25 ; Soph. Elench. i. 3 ;
our knowledge, and exposes the ridiculous vanity Lysias, Orat. xiii. $ 54. )
of the sophist. The latter dialogue is considered 4. Of Delos, a Greek grammarian, probably of a
by Schleiermacher and Ast to be spurious. Ast later date than the preceding one, is mentioned as
even goes so far as to reject the Hippias major also; the author of a sort of geographical dictionary
but it is not easy to get over the difficulty which (dov@v ovouagiai, Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii.
arises from the fact of Aristotle (Metaphys. v. 29) 1178, Eudoc. p. 248 ; Eustath. ad Dionys. Pericg.
and Cicero (de Orat. iii. 32) mentioning it
, though 270), but is otherwise unknown.
without expressly ascribing it to Plato; but how- 5. Of Erythrae, an historian, whose age is un-
ever this may be, the dialogues must at any rate known. He wrote a work on the history of his
have been written by a person and at a time when native city, of which a fragment is quoted by Athe-
there was no difficulty in forming a correct estimate naeus (vi. p. 258).
[L. S. ]
of the character of Hippias. If we compare the HI'PPIAS (ʻIrplas), artists. 1. A statuary,
accounts of Plato with those given by other writers, mentioned by Dio Chrysostom as the teacher of
it cannot be denied that Hippias was a man of Phidias. (
(Orat. lv, vol. ii. p. 282, ed. Reiske. )
very extensive knowledge, that he occupied him- 2. A statuary, who, according to Pausanias,
self not only with rhetorical, philosophical, and made the statue of the Olympic victor Scaeus, the
political studies, but was also well versed in poetry, son of Duris of Samos, in the Altis at Olympia,
music, mathematics, painting and sculpture, nay, during the time when the Samians were expelled
that to a certain extent he had a practical skill in from their island, that is, before B. C. 324. (Paus.
the ordinary arts of life, for he used to boast of wear- vi. 13. $ 3, or & 5, ed. Bekker, who restores the
ing on his body nothing that he had not made him- name of Scaeus, which is lost or corrupted in the
self with his own hands, such as his seal-ring, older editions. )
his cloak, and shoes. (Plat. Hipp. maj. p. 285. C, 3.
A painter of second-rate merit, celebrated for
Hipp. min. p. 368. b, Protag. p. 315. c; Philostr. his picture or pictures of Neptune and Victory.
l. c. ; Themist. Orut. xxix. p. 345. d. ) But it is (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40. § 35. )
at the same time evident that his knowledge of all 4. A most skilful mechanician and geometri-
these things was a superficial kind, that he did cian, contemporary with Lucian, who describes a
not enter into the details of any particular art or bath constructed by him. (Hippias, seu Balneium,
science, and that he was satisfied with certain vol. iii. pp. 66–74. )
[P. S. )
generalities, which enabled him to speak on every- HI'PPITAS, or HI’PPOTAS('Inaltas, Polyb. ;
thing without a thorough knowledge of any. This 'Imaótas, Plut. ), one of the friends of Cleomenes
arrogance, combined with ignorance, is the main 111. , king of Sparta, who accompanied him in his
cause which provoked Plato to his severe criticism flight and exile in Egypt. He took part, together
of Hippias, in which he is the more justified, as with Panteus and the rest of the king's friends, in
the sophist enjoyed a very extensive reputation, the last fruitless attempt to excite an insurrection
and thus had a proportionate influence upon the at Alexandria, and shared with the rest a volun-
education of the youths of the higher classes. His tary death when they found that all hopes were at
great forte seems to have consisted in delivering an end. (Polyb. v. 37; Plut. Cleom. 37. ) [E. H. B. ]
extempore show speeches ; and once his sophistic HI'PPIUS, a friend of Cicero's, whom the
vanity led him to declare that he would travel to
orator represents as particularly deserving of his
Olympia, and there deliver before the assembled | esteem. He therefore recommended the son of
Greeks an oration on any subject that might be Hippius, C. Valgius Hippianus, who had been
proposed to him (Plat. Hipp. min. p. 363); and adopted by a member of the Valgian family, and
Philostratus in fact speaks of several such orations bad purchased a portion of the demesne of Fre-
deli vered at Olympia, and which created great gellae, to the magistrates of that town. (Cic. ad.
sensation. Such speeches must have been published Fam. xiu. 76. ) This letter conveys indirectly some
by Hippias, but no specimen has come down to us. curious information. Fregellae, once the chief town
Socrates (ap. Plat
. Hipp. min. p. 368) speaks of of a considerable district, became a Roman colony
epic poetry, tragedies, dithyrambs, and various ora- in B. c. 328. (Liv. viii. 22 ; Strab. v. p. 238. ) la
## p. 480 (#496) ############################################
480
HIPPOCOON.
HIPPOCRATES.
B. C. 122–121 it was destroyed by the praetor, slew Hippocoon and his sons. (Pans. iii. 1 § 4,
L. Opimius (Rhet. ad Herenn. iv. 9; Vell. ii. 6; 14. § 6, &c. , 15. § 2, &c. ; Apollod. ii. 7. & 3, iii.
Val. Max. ii. 8); and in the age of Augustus it 10. § 4; Diod. iv. 33. ) The number and names
was little more than an open village (Strab. lc ; of Hippocoon's sons are different in the different
Plin. H. N. iii. 5). But Cicero's letter (l. c. ) writers: A pollodorus mentions twelve, Diodorus
shows that it retained its demesne-land and its full ten, and Pausanias only six. Ovid (Mel. viii. 314)
complement of local magistrates. (W. B. D. ] mentions the sons of Hippocoon among the Caly.
HIPPO'BOTUS ('ITTÓBotos), a writer very donian hunters.
frequently quoted by Diogenes Laërtius. He There are four other mythical personages of the
wrote a work on the different philosophic schools name of Hippocoon. (Hygin. Fab. 10, 173; Hom.
(nepl Alpéoewv, which is perhaps the same work 1. x. 518 ; Virg. Aen. v. 492, &c. ) (L. S. ]
as the Φιλοσόφων 'Αναγραφή mentioned by Diog. HIPPO'CRATES ('IT rokpárns), (Sicilians).
Laërt. i. 42), embracing not only an exposition of 1. Tyrant of Gela, was the son of Pantares, and
their systems, but likewise biographical notices of succeeded his brother Cleander, who had ruled
the different philosophers. The passages where he over Gela as tyrant during seven years, B. C. 498.
is quoted will be found in Vossius, De Hist. Graec. Hence he found his power already firmly established
p. 455, ed. Westermann.
(C. P. M. ) at Geln, and soon extended it by numerous wars
HIPPOCAMPE and IIIPPOCAMPUS ('17- against the other cities of Sicily, in which he was
Tokduan and 'Intókaunos), the mythical sea-horse, almost uniformly successful. Callipolis, Naxos,
which, according to the description of Pausanias and Leontini, besides several smaller places, succes-
(ii. 1), was a horse, but the part of its body down sively fell under his yoke. Being called in by the
from the breast was that of a sea monster or fish. people of Zancle to assist them against the Samians,
The horse appears even in the Homeric poems as who had made themselves masters of their city
the symbol of Poseidon, whose chariot was drawn by treachery, he suddenly turned against his allies,
over the surface of the sea by swift horses. The threw their king Scythes into chains, and reduced
later poets and artists conceived and represented the mass of the people into slavery, while he gave
the horses of Poseidon and other marine divinities up three hundred of the principal citizens to the
as a combination of a horse and a fish. (Hom. I. mercy of the Samians, whom he allowed to retain
xiii. 24, 29; Eurip. Androm. 1012; Virg. Georg. possession of Zancle, in consideration of receiving
iv. 389; Philostr. Imag. 8 ; Stat. Theb. ii. 45; half the booty they had found there. He also
comp. Welcker in the Class. Museum, vol. ii. p. made war upon the Syracusang, whom he defeated
394. )
in a great battle at the river Helorus, and appears
HIPPOCENTAURUS. [CENTAURUS. ) even to have threatened Syracuse itself, as we hear
HIPPOCLEIDES (ʻlatoknelons), an Athe- of his encamping by the well-known temple of the
nian, son of Tisander, came to the court of CLEIS Olympian Zeus, in the immediate neighbourhood of
THENES of Sicyon as one of the suitors of his that city. But the intervention of the Corinthians
daughter AGARISTA. He was descended from the and Corcyreans induced him to consent to the con-
Cypselidae of Corinth (comp. Herod. vi. 35), and clusion of a treaty of peace, by which the Syracu-
was distinguished for wealth and beauty of person. sans, in exchange for the numerous prisoners he
Cleisthenes was disposed to prefer him to the other had taken at the Helorus, ceded to him the terri-
suitors, and he would probably have won the lady, tory of Camarina, and he immediately proceeded to
had he not disgusted Cleisthenes on the day ap- rebuild that city, which had been lately destroyed
pointed for the decision by indecent dancing and by the Syracusans. His last expedition was one
tumblers' tricks. To his host's remark, “ You have against the Sicels, in the midst of which he died,
danced away your marriage,” he returned an an- while engaged in the siege of Hybla (B. C. 491),
swer by which he did not redeem his character as a after a reign of seven years. He left two sons,
gentleman, “ Hippocleides does not care. ” (Herod. Cleander and Eucleides, who, however, did not suc-
vi. 127-129; Ath. xiv. p. 628, c, d. ) [E. E. ) ceed him in the sovereignty, being supplanted by
HIPPOCLES ('ITTOKAñs), son of Menippus Gelon. (Herod.
