(1979) 'Maternal deprivation, 1972-1978: new findings, new concepts, new approaches', Child Development, 50: 283-305; reprinted in
Maternal
Deprivation Reassessed (2nd edition), Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981.
A-Secure-Base-Bowlby-Johnf
and Sinclair, I.
(1979) Mate and stale- mate, Oxford: Blackwell.
Meiselman, K. C. (1978) Incest--a psychological study of causes and effects with treatment recommend- ations, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
333/362
? ? ? Melges, F. T. and DeMaso, D. R. (1980) 'Grief resolution therapy: reliving, revising, and revisiting', Americ- an Journal of Psychotherapy, 34:51-61.
Miller, A. (1979, English translation 1983) The drama of the gifted child and the search for the true self, London: Faber and Faber.
Mintz, T. (1976) 'Contribution to panel report on ef- fects on adults of object loss in the first five years', reported by M. Wolfenstein, Journal of the Amer- ican Psychoanalytic Association, 24, 662-5.
Mitchell, M. C. (in preparation) 'Physical child abuse in a Mexican-American population' in K. E. Pottharst (ed. ) Research explorations in adult attachment.
Morris, D. (1981) 'Attachment and intimacy' in G. Stricker (ed. ) Intimacy, New York: Plenum.
Morris, M. G. and Gould, R. W. (1963) 'Role reversal: a necessary concept in dealing with the "Battered child syndrome", American Journal of Orthopsy- chiatry, 32: 298-9.
Newson, J. (1977) 'An intersubjective approach to the systematic description of mother-infant interac- tion', in H. R. Schaffer (ed. ) Studies in mother-in- fant interaction, New York: Academic Press.
Niederland, W. G. (1959a) 'The "miracled-up" world of Schreber's childhood', The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 14: 383-413.
Niederland, W. G. (1959b) 'Schreber: father and son', Psycho-Analytic Quarterly, 28: 151-69.
334/362
? ? ? Norman, D. A. (1976) Memory and attention: intro- duction to human information processing (2nd edition), New York: Wiley.
Offer, D. (1969) The psychological world of the teen- ager: a study of normal adolescent boys, New York: Basic Books.
Palgi, P. (1973) 'The socio-cultural expressions and im- plications of death, mourning and bereavement arising out of the war situation in Israel' Israel An- nals of Psychiatry, 11: 301-29.
Parke, R. D. (1979) 'Perspectives on father-infant inter- action' in J. D. Osofsky (ed. ) Handbook of infant development, New York: Wiley.
Parke, R. D. and Collmer, C. W. (1975) 'Child abuse: an interdisciplinary analysis' in E. M. Hetherington (ed. ) Review of Child Development Research, vol. 5, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Parkes, C. M. (1972) Bereavement: studies of grief in adult life, London: Tavistock; New York: Interna- tional Universities Press.
Parkes, C. M. and Stevenson-Hinde, J. (eds) (1982) The place of attachment in human behavior, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Pedder, J. (1976) 'Attachment and new beginning', In- ternational Review of Psycho-analysis, 3: 491-7.
Peterfreund, E. (1971) Information, systems, and psy- choanalysis, Psychological Issues, vol. VII. Mono- graph 25/26, New York: International Universities Press.
335/362
? ? ? Peterfreund, E. (1978) 'Some critical comments on psy- choanalytic conceptualizations of infancy', Inter- national Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 59: 427-41.
Peterfreund, E. (1983) The process of psychoanalytic therapy: modes and strategies, New York: Analyt- ic Press.
Peterson, G. H. and Mehl, L. E. (1978) 'Some determin- ants of maternal attachment', American Journal of Psychiatry, 135: 1168-73.
Pine, F. (1985) Developmental theory and clinical pro- cess, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Popper, K. R. (1972) Objective knowledge: an evolu- tionary approach, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Pound, A. (1982) 'Attachment and maternal depres- sion' in C. M. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde (eds) The place of attachment in human behavior, 118-130, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Pound, A. and Mills, M. (1985) 'A pilot evaluation of Newpin, a home visiting and befriending scheme in South London', Newsletter of Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7, no. 4: 13-15.
Provence, S. and Lipton, R. C. (1962) Infants in institu- tions, New York: International Universities Press.
Radford, M. (1983) 'Psychoanalysis and the science of problem-solving man: an application of Popper's philosophy and a response to Will (1980)', British Journal of Medical Psychology, 56: 9-26.
336/362
? ? ? Radke-Yarrow, M. , Cummings, E. M. , Kuczynski, L. , and Chapman, M. (1985) 'Patterns of attachment in two- and three-year olds in normal families and families with parental depression', Child Develop- ment, 56: 884-93.
Rajecki, D. W. , Lamb, M. E. , and Obmascher, P. (1978) 'Towards a general theory of infantile attachment: a comparative review of aspects of the social bond', The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3: 417-64.
Raphael, B. (1977) 'Preventive intervention with the re- cently bereaved', Archives of General Psychiatry, 34: 1450-4.
Raphael, B. (1982) 'The young child and the death of a parent' in C. M. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde (eds) The place of attachment in human beha- viour, 131-50, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Raphael, D. (1966) 'The lactation-suckling process within a matrix of supportive behaviour', disserta- tion for the degree of PhD submitted to Columbia University.
Ricks, M. H. (1985) 'The social transmission of parental behaviour: attachment across generations' in I. Bretherton and E. Waters (eds) Growing points in attachment theory and research, Monograph of the Society for Research in Child Development Serial no. 209, 211-27.
337/362
? ? ? Ricoeur, P. (1970) Freud and philosophy: an essay in interpretation (trans: D. Savage), New Haven: Yale University Press.
Ringler, N. , Kennell, J. H. , Jarvella, R. , Navajosky, R. J. , and Klaus, M. H. (1975) 'Mother to child speech at two years: the effects of increased postnatal con- tact', Journal of Pediatrics, 86, 141-4.
Robertson, J. (1952) A two year-old goes to hospital (film), Ipswich: Concord Films Council; New York: New York University Film Library.
Robertson, J. (1953) 'Some responses of young chil- dren to loss of maternal care', Nursing Times, 49: 382-6.
Robertson, J. (1958) Going to hospital with mother (film) Ipswich: Concord Films Council; New York: New York University Film Library.
Robertson, J. (1970) Young children in hospital (2nd edition) London: Tavistock.
Robertson, J. and Bowlby, J. (1952) 'Responses of young children to separation from their mothers', Courrier Centre Internationale Enfance, 2: 131-42.
Robson, K. M. and Kumar, R. (1980) 'Delayed onset of maternal affection after childbirth', British Journ- al of Psychiatry, 136: 347-53.
Rosen, V. H. (1955) 'The reconstruction of a traumatic childhood event in a case of derealization', Journ- al of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 3: 211-21; reprinted in A. C. Cain (ed. ) (1972)
338/362
? ? ? Survivors of suicide, Springfield, Illinois: C. C.
Thomas.
Rosenblatt, A. D. and Thickstun, J. T. (1977) Modern
psychoanalytic concepts in a general psychology, parts 1 and 2, Psychological Issues Monograph 42/ 43, New York: International Universities Press.
Rosenfeld, S. (1975) 'Some reflections arising from the treatment of a traumatized child' in Hampstead Clinic Studies in Child Psychoanalysis, 47-64, New Haven, Conn. : Yale University Press.
Rubinstein, B. B. (1967) 'Explanation and mere descrip- tion: a meta-scientific examination of certain as- pects of the psychoanalytic theory of motivation' in R. R. Holt (ed. ) Motives and thought: psycho- analytic essays in honor of David Rapaport, 20-7, Psychological Issues Monograph 18/19, New York: International Universities Press.
Rutter, M.
(1979) 'Maternal deprivation, 1972-1978: new findings, new concepts, new approaches', Child Development, 50: 283-305; reprinted in Maternal Deprivation Reassessed (2nd edition), Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981.
Rutter, M. (ed. ) (1980) Scientific foundation of devel- opmental psychiatry, London: Heinemann Med- ical Books.
Sameroff, A. J. and Chandler, M. A. (1975) 'Reproduct- ive risk and the continuance of caretaking casu- alty' in F. D. Horowitz, et al. (eds) Review of Child
339/362
? ? ? Development Research, vol. 4, 187-244, Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
Sander, L. W. (1964) 'Adaptive relationships in early
mother-child interaction', Journal of the Americ-
an Academy of Child Psychiatry, 3: 231-64. Sander, L. W. (1977) 'The regulation of exchange in the infant-caregiver system and some aspects of the context-content relationships' in M. Lewis and L. Rosenblum (eds) Interaction, conversation and the development of language, 133-56, New York
and London: Wiley.
Sander, L. (reporter) (1980) 'New knowledge about the
infant from current research: implications for psy- choanalysis', Report of panel held at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychoanalytic Associ- ation, Atlanta, May 1978, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 28: 181-98.
Santayana, G. (1905) The life of reason, vol. 1, New York: Scribner.
Schafer, R. (1976) A new language for psychoanalysis, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Schaffer, H. R. (ed. ) (1977) Studies in mother-infant in- teraction, London: Academic Press.
Schaffer, H. R. (1979) 'Acquiring the concept of the dia- logue' in H. M. Bornstein and W. Kessen (eds) Psy- chological development from infancy: image to intention, 279-305, Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
340/362
? ? ? Schaffer, H. R. and Crook, C. K. (1979) 'The role of the mother in early social development' in B. McGurk (ed. ) Issues in childhood social development, 55-78, London: Methuen.
Schaffer, H. R. , Collis, G. M. , and Parsons, G. (1977) 'Vocal interchange and visual regard in verbal and preverbal children', in H. R. Schaffer (ed. ) Studies in mother-infant interaction, 291-324, London: Academic Press.
Sosa, R. , Kennell, J. , Klaus, M. , Robertson, S. , and Ur- rutia, J. (1980) 'The effect of a supportive com- panion on length of labour, mother-infant interac- tion and perinatal problems', New England Journal of Medicine, 303: 597-600.
Spiegel, R. (1981) 'Review of Loss: Sadness and De- pression by John Bowlby', American Journal of Psychotherapy, 35: 598-600.
Spinetta, J. J. and Rigler, D. (1972) 'The child-abusing parent: a psychological review', Psychological Bul- letin, 77: 296-304.
Spitz, R. A. (1945) 'Hospitalism: an enquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early child- hood', The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1: 53-74.
Spitz, R. A. (1946) 'Anaclitic depression', The Psycho- analytic Study of the Child, 2: 313-42.
Spitz, R. A. (1947) Grief: a peril in infancy (film), New York: New York University Film Library.
341/362
? ? ? Spitz, R. A. (1957) No and yes, New York: International Universities Press.
Sroufe, L. A. (1983) 'Infant-caregiver attachment and patterns of adaptation in pre-school: the roots of maladaptation and competence', in M. Perlmutter (ed. ) Minnesota Symposium in Child Psychology, vol. 16, 41-81, Minneapolis: University of Min- nesota Press.
Sroufe, L. A. (1985) 'Attachment-classification from the perspective of infant-caregiver relationships and infant temperament', Child Development, 56: 1-14. Sroufe, L. A. (1986) 'Bowlby's contribution to psychoanalytic theory and developmental psycho- logy', Journal of Child Psychology and Psychi- atry, 27: 841-9.
Steele, B. F. and Pollock, C. B. (1968) 'A psychiatric study of parents who abuse infants and small chil- dren' in R. E. Helfer and C. H. Kempe (eds) The battered child, 103-45, Chicago: University of Ch- icago Press.
Stephen, A. (1934) 'On defining psychoanalysis', Brit- ish Journal of Medical Psychology, 11: 101-16. Stern, D. N. (1977) The first relationship: infant and
mother, London: Fontana, Open Books.
Stern, D. N. (1985) The interpersonal world of the in-
fant, New York: Basic Books.
Strachey, J. (1959), Editor's introduction to the Stand-
ard Edition of Freud's Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety, SE 20, 77-86, London: Hogarth Press.
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? ? ? Stroh, G. (1974) 'Psychotic children' in P. Barker (ed. ) The residential psychiatric treatment of children, 175-90, London: Crosby.
Strupp, H. H. and Binder, J. L. (1984) Psychotherapy in a new key: a guide to time-limited dynamic psy- chotherapy, New York: Basic Books.
Sulloway, F. (1979) Freud, biologist of the mind, New York: Basic Books.
Svejda, M. J. , Campos, J. J. , and Emde, R. N. (1980) 'Mother-infant bonding: failure to generalize', Child Development, 51: 775-9.
Trevarthen, C. (1979) 'Instincts for human understand- ing and for cultural co-operation: their develop- ment in infancy', in M. von Cranach, K. Foppa, W. Lepenies, and D. Ploog (eds) Human Ethology, 539-71, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
van der Eyken, W. (1982) Home-start: a four-year evaluation, Leicester: Home-Start Consultancy (140 New Walk, Leicester LE1 7JL).
Waddington, C. H. (1957) The strategy of the genes, London: Allen &Unwin.
Wa? rtner, U. G. (1986) 'Attachment in infancy and at age six, and children's self-concept: a follow-up of a German longitudinal study', doctoral disserta- tion, University of Virginia.
Weisskopf, V. F. (1981) 'The frontiers and limits of physical sciences' Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 34.
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? ? ? Wenner, N. K. (1966) 'Dependency patterns in preg- nancy', in J. H. Masserman (ed. ) Sexuality of wo- men, 94-104, New York: Grune & Stratton.
Winnicott, C. (1980) 'Fear of breakdown: a clinical ex- ample', International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 61: 351-7.
Winnicott, D. W. (1957) 'Primary maternal preoccupa- tion', in Collected papers: through paediatrics to psychoanalysis, 300-5, London: Tavistock.
Winnicott, D. W. (1960) 'Ego distortion in terms of true and false self', reprinted in D. W. Winnicott (1965) The maturational process and the facilitating en- vironment, 140-52, London: Hogarth; New York: International Universities Press.
Winnicott, D. (1974) 'Fear of breakdown', Internation- al Review of Psychoanalysis, 1: 103-7.
Wolkind, S. , Hall, F. , and Pawlby, S. (1977) 'Individual differences in mothering behaviour: a combined epidemiological and observational approach' in P. J. Graham (ed. ) Epidemiological approaches in child psychiatry, 107-23, New York: Academic Press.
Zahn-Waxler, C. , Radke-Yarrow, M. , and King, R. A. (1979) 'Child-rearing and children's prosocial ini- tiations toward victims of distress', Child Develop- ment, 50: 319-30.
APPENDIX TO REFERENCES
344/362
? ? ? Child made family scapegoat
Gillett, R. (1986) 'Short-term intensive psychotherapy - a case history', British Journal of Psychiatry, 148: 98-100.
Parent uses guilt-inducing techniques
Griffin, P. (1986) Along with youth: Hemingway, the early years, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Child target of physical abuse
(a) Developmental studies
Crittenden, P. (1985) 'Maltreated infants: vulnerability and resilience', Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26: 85-96.
George, C. and Main, M.
Meiselman, K. C. (1978) Incest--a psychological study of causes and effects with treatment recommend- ations, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
333/362
? ? ? Melges, F. T. and DeMaso, D. R. (1980) 'Grief resolution therapy: reliving, revising, and revisiting', Americ- an Journal of Psychotherapy, 34:51-61.
Miller, A. (1979, English translation 1983) The drama of the gifted child and the search for the true self, London: Faber and Faber.
Mintz, T. (1976) 'Contribution to panel report on ef- fects on adults of object loss in the first five years', reported by M. Wolfenstein, Journal of the Amer- ican Psychoanalytic Association, 24, 662-5.
Mitchell, M. C. (in preparation) 'Physical child abuse in a Mexican-American population' in K. E. Pottharst (ed. ) Research explorations in adult attachment.
Morris, D. (1981) 'Attachment and intimacy' in G. Stricker (ed. ) Intimacy, New York: Plenum.
Morris, M. G. and Gould, R. W. (1963) 'Role reversal: a necessary concept in dealing with the "Battered child syndrome", American Journal of Orthopsy- chiatry, 32: 298-9.
Newson, J. (1977) 'An intersubjective approach to the systematic description of mother-infant interac- tion', in H. R. Schaffer (ed. ) Studies in mother-in- fant interaction, New York: Academic Press.
Niederland, W. G. (1959a) 'The "miracled-up" world of Schreber's childhood', The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 14: 383-413.
Niederland, W. G. (1959b) 'Schreber: father and son', Psycho-Analytic Quarterly, 28: 151-69.
334/362
? ? ? Norman, D. A. (1976) Memory and attention: intro- duction to human information processing (2nd edition), New York: Wiley.
Offer, D. (1969) The psychological world of the teen- ager: a study of normal adolescent boys, New York: Basic Books.
Palgi, P. (1973) 'The socio-cultural expressions and im- plications of death, mourning and bereavement arising out of the war situation in Israel' Israel An- nals of Psychiatry, 11: 301-29.
Parke, R. D. (1979) 'Perspectives on father-infant inter- action' in J. D. Osofsky (ed. ) Handbook of infant development, New York: Wiley.
Parke, R. D. and Collmer, C. W. (1975) 'Child abuse: an interdisciplinary analysis' in E. M. Hetherington (ed. ) Review of Child Development Research, vol. 5, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Parkes, C. M. (1972) Bereavement: studies of grief in adult life, London: Tavistock; New York: Interna- tional Universities Press.
Parkes, C. M. and Stevenson-Hinde, J. (eds) (1982) The place of attachment in human behavior, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Pedder, J. (1976) 'Attachment and new beginning', In- ternational Review of Psycho-analysis, 3: 491-7.
Peterfreund, E. (1971) Information, systems, and psy- choanalysis, Psychological Issues, vol. VII. Mono- graph 25/26, New York: International Universities Press.
335/362
? ? ? Peterfreund, E. (1978) 'Some critical comments on psy- choanalytic conceptualizations of infancy', Inter- national Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 59: 427-41.
Peterfreund, E. (1983) The process of psychoanalytic therapy: modes and strategies, New York: Analyt- ic Press.
Peterson, G. H. and Mehl, L. E. (1978) 'Some determin- ants of maternal attachment', American Journal of Psychiatry, 135: 1168-73.
Pine, F. (1985) Developmental theory and clinical pro- cess, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Popper, K. R. (1972) Objective knowledge: an evolu- tionary approach, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Pound, A. (1982) 'Attachment and maternal depres- sion' in C. M. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde (eds) The place of attachment in human behavior, 118-130, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Pound, A. and Mills, M. (1985) 'A pilot evaluation of Newpin, a home visiting and befriending scheme in South London', Newsletter of Association for Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7, no. 4: 13-15.
Provence, S. and Lipton, R. C. (1962) Infants in institu- tions, New York: International Universities Press.
Radford, M. (1983) 'Psychoanalysis and the science of problem-solving man: an application of Popper's philosophy and a response to Will (1980)', British Journal of Medical Psychology, 56: 9-26.
336/362
? ? ? Radke-Yarrow, M. , Cummings, E. M. , Kuczynski, L. , and Chapman, M. (1985) 'Patterns of attachment in two- and three-year olds in normal families and families with parental depression', Child Develop- ment, 56: 884-93.
Rajecki, D. W. , Lamb, M. E. , and Obmascher, P. (1978) 'Towards a general theory of infantile attachment: a comparative review of aspects of the social bond', The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3: 417-64.
Raphael, B. (1977) 'Preventive intervention with the re- cently bereaved', Archives of General Psychiatry, 34: 1450-4.
Raphael, B. (1982) 'The young child and the death of a parent' in C. M. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde (eds) The place of attachment in human beha- viour, 131-50, New York: Basic Books; London: Tavistock.
Raphael, D. (1966) 'The lactation-suckling process within a matrix of supportive behaviour', disserta- tion for the degree of PhD submitted to Columbia University.
Ricks, M. H. (1985) 'The social transmission of parental behaviour: attachment across generations' in I. Bretherton and E. Waters (eds) Growing points in attachment theory and research, Monograph of the Society for Research in Child Development Serial no. 209, 211-27.
337/362
? ? ? Ricoeur, P. (1970) Freud and philosophy: an essay in interpretation (trans: D. Savage), New Haven: Yale University Press.
Ringler, N. , Kennell, J. H. , Jarvella, R. , Navajosky, R. J. , and Klaus, M. H. (1975) 'Mother to child speech at two years: the effects of increased postnatal con- tact', Journal of Pediatrics, 86, 141-4.
Robertson, J. (1952) A two year-old goes to hospital (film), Ipswich: Concord Films Council; New York: New York University Film Library.
Robertson, J. (1953) 'Some responses of young chil- dren to loss of maternal care', Nursing Times, 49: 382-6.
Robertson, J. (1958) Going to hospital with mother (film) Ipswich: Concord Films Council; New York: New York University Film Library.
Robertson, J. (1970) Young children in hospital (2nd edition) London: Tavistock.
Robertson, J. and Bowlby, J. (1952) 'Responses of young children to separation from their mothers', Courrier Centre Internationale Enfance, 2: 131-42.
Robson, K. M. and Kumar, R. (1980) 'Delayed onset of maternal affection after childbirth', British Journ- al of Psychiatry, 136: 347-53.
Rosen, V. H. (1955) 'The reconstruction of a traumatic childhood event in a case of derealization', Journ- al of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 3: 211-21; reprinted in A. C. Cain (ed. ) (1972)
338/362
? ? ? Survivors of suicide, Springfield, Illinois: C. C.
Thomas.
Rosenblatt, A. D. and Thickstun, J. T. (1977) Modern
psychoanalytic concepts in a general psychology, parts 1 and 2, Psychological Issues Monograph 42/ 43, New York: International Universities Press.
Rosenfeld, S. (1975) 'Some reflections arising from the treatment of a traumatized child' in Hampstead Clinic Studies in Child Psychoanalysis, 47-64, New Haven, Conn. : Yale University Press.
Rubinstein, B. B. (1967) 'Explanation and mere descrip- tion: a meta-scientific examination of certain as- pects of the psychoanalytic theory of motivation' in R. R. Holt (ed. ) Motives and thought: psycho- analytic essays in honor of David Rapaport, 20-7, Psychological Issues Monograph 18/19, New York: International Universities Press.
Rutter, M.
(1979) 'Maternal deprivation, 1972-1978: new findings, new concepts, new approaches', Child Development, 50: 283-305; reprinted in Maternal Deprivation Reassessed (2nd edition), Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981.
Rutter, M. (ed. ) (1980) Scientific foundation of devel- opmental psychiatry, London: Heinemann Med- ical Books.
Sameroff, A. J. and Chandler, M. A. (1975) 'Reproduct- ive risk and the continuance of caretaking casu- alty' in F. D. Horowitz, et al. (eds) Review of Child
339/362
? ? ? Development Research, vol. 4, 187-244, Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
Sander, L. W. (1964) 'Adaptive relationships in early
mother-child interaction', Journal of the Americ-
an Academy of Child Psychiatry, 3: 231-64. Sander, L. W. (1977) 'The regulation of exchange in the infant-caregiver system and some aspects of the context-content relationships' in M. Lewis and L. Rosenblum (eds) Interaction, conversation and the development of language, 133-56, New York
and London: Wiley.
Sander, L. (reporter) (1980) 'New knowledge about the
infant from current research: implications for psy- choanalysis', Report of panel held at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychoanalytic Associ- ation, Atlanta, May 1978, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 28: 181-98.
Santayana, G. (1905) The life of reason, vol. 1, New York: Scribner.
Schafer, R. (1976) A new language for psychoanalysis, New Haven: Yale University Press.
Schaffer, H. R. (ed. ) (1977) Studies in mother-infant in- teraction, London: Academic Press.
Schaffer, H. R. (1979) 'Acquiring the concept of the dia- logue' in H. M. Bornstein and W. Kessen (eds) Psy- chological development from infancy: image to intention, 279-305, Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
340/362
? ? ? Schaffer, H. R. and Crook, C. K. (1979) 'The role of the mother in early social development' in B. McGurk (ed. ) Issues in childhood social development, 55-78, London: Methuen.
Schaffer, H. R. , Collis, G. M. , and Parsons, G. (1977) 'Vocal interchange and visual regard in verbal and preverbal children', in H. R. Schaffer (ed. ) Studies in mother-infant interaction, 291-324, London: Academic Press.
Sosa, R. , Kennell, J. , Klaus, M. , Robertson, S. , and Ur- rutia, J. (1980) 'The effect of a supportive com- panion on length of labour, mother-infant interac- tion and perinatal problems', New England Journal of Medicine, 303: 597-600.
Spiegel, R. (1981) 'Review of Loss: Sadness and De- pression by John Bowlby', American Journal of Psychotherapy, 35: 598-600.
Spinetta, J. J. and Rigler, D. (1972) 'The child-abusing parent: a psychological review', Psychological Bul- letin, 77: 296-304.
Spitz, R. A. (1945) 'Hospitalism: an enquiry into the genesis of psychiatric conditions in early child- hood', The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 1: 53-74.
Spitz, R. A. (1946) 'Anaclitic depression', The Psycho- analytic Study of the Child, 2: 313-42.
Spitz, R. A. (1947) Grief: a peril in infancy (film), New York: New York University Film Library.
341/362
? ? ? Spitz, R. A. (1957) No and yes, New York: International Universities Press.
Sroufe, L. A. (1983) 'Infant-caregiver attachment and patterns of adaptation in pre-school: the roots of maladaptation and competence', in M. Perlmutter (ed. ) Minnesota Symposium in Child Psychology, vol. 16, 41-81, Minneapolis: University of Min- nesota Press.
Sroufe, L. A. (1985) 'Attachment-classification from the perspective of infant-caregiver relationships and infant temperament', Child Development, 56: 1-14. Sroufe, L. A. (1986) 'Bowlby's contribution to psychoanalytic theory and developmental psycho- logy', Journal of Child Psychology and Psychi- atry, 27: 841-9.
Steele, B. F. and Pollock, C. B. (1968) 'A psychiatric study of parents who abuse infants and small chil- dren' in R. E. Helfer and C. H. Kempe (eds) The battered child, 103-45, Chicago: University of Ch- icago Press.
Stephen, A. (1934) 'On defining psychoanalysis', Brit- ish Journal of Medical Psychology, 11: 101-16. Stern, D. N. (1977) The first relationship: infant and
mother, London: Fontana, Open Books.
Stern, D. N. (1985) The interpersonal world of the in-
fant, New York: Basic Books.
Strachey, J. (1959), Editor's introduction to the Stand-
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APPENDIX TO REFERENCES
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George, C. and Main, M.
