She is the
daughter
of a
Unitarian clergyman of Boston.
Unitarian clergyman of Boston.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v26 to v30 - Tur to Zor and Index
His books are : (Letters
from Europe and the West Indies) (1866); and
an autobiography, edited by his daughter, and
published in 1882. He wrote (Reminiscences)
for the Atlantic Monthly.
Weeden, William Babcock. An American
soldier and ethical and historical writer; born
at Bristol, R. I. , Sept. I, 1834. He served with
distinction in the Union army during the Civil
War. He has written : (Morality of Prohibitory
Liquor Laws) (1875); (Social Law of Labor)
(1882); (Economic and Social History of New
England) (2 vols. , 1890), his chief work.
Weeks, Edwin Lord. An American artist;
born in Massachusetts in 1849. He has written
a work of travel, (From the Black Sea through
Persia and India. '
Weeks, Robert Kelley. An American poet;
born in New York city, Sept. 21, 1840; died
April 13, 1876. He graduated from Yale in
1862, from the Columbia Law School in 1864,
and entered the New York bar the same year,
but afterwards left it to devote himself to
literary pursuits. He published Poems' (1866);
and Episodes and Lyric Pieces) (1870).
Weems, Mason Locke. An American
biographical writer and Episcopal clergyman;
born in 1759; died in 1825. His chief work is
A History of the Life and Death, Virtues and
Exploits, of General George Washington' (1800),
an entertaining but unreliable and inaccurate
book. He also wrote : Biographies) of Gen-
eral Francis Marion (1816); Franklin (1817); and
William Penn (1829).
Wegele, Franz Xaver (vā'ge-le). A German
historian; born at Munich, Oct. 28, 1823. He
was appointed professor of history in the Uni-
versity of Würzburg, 1851. He wrote: (Karl
August of Weimar) (1850); "Life and Works
of Dante Alighieri) (3d ed. 1879); (Sources of
Thuringian History) (1854); (Frederick the
Peaceful, Margrave of Meissen (1870); 'Goethe
as a Historian) (1875); (History of German
Historiography since the Rise of Humanism'
(1885).
Wegscheider, Julius August Ludwig (vāg-
shi-der). A German theological writer; born
at Kübbelingen in Brunswick, Sept. 17, 1771;
died at Halle, Jan. 27, 1849. His principal work
is (Institutes of Christian Dogmatic Theology)
(1815): this work may be regarded as the clas-
sical dogmatic treatise of rationalism.
Wehl, Feodor von (vāl). A German novelist
and poet; born at Kunzendorf, Silesia, Feb.
19, 1821 ; died at Hamburg, Jan. 22, 1890. He
wrote the lyrico-dramatic poem (Hölderlin's
Love) (1852); a volume of verses, (From
Heart to Heart) (1867); (Fifteen Years in the
Directorship of the Stuttgart Court Theatre
(1886). His plays were published in 6 volumes,
1882. He wrote also :(Hamburg's Literary Life
in the 18th Century) (1856); In Leisure Hours)
(1867); (At the Roaring Loom of Time) (1869);
(Time and Men (1889).
Weil, Gustav (vil). A German Orientalist
and historian; born at Sulzburg, Baden, April
25, 1808; died at Freiburg in Breisgau, Aug.
30, 1889. He was appointed professor of Ori-
ental languages in the University of Heidelberg,
1861. He wrote: (The Poetry of the Arabs)
(1837); a learned (History of Mohammed the
Prophet) (1843); Historico-critical Introduc-
tion to the Koran) (1844); (Biblical Legends
of the Mussulmans) (1845); (History of the
Khaliſs) (5 vols. , 1846-62); History of the Is.
lamitic People from Mohammed to the time of
the Sultan Selim' (1866). He made the first
German translation of the (Thousand Nights
and a Night) (4 vols. , 1837-41).
Weilen, Joseph von (viʻlen). A German
educator and dramatist; born at Tetin, Bohe-
mia, Dec. 28, 1828; died in Vienna, July 3, 1889.
His works are : Fantasies and Songs) (1853);
(Men of the Sword (1855); (Tristan (1860);
(Edda) (1865); Drahomira) (1867); (Count
Horn (1871); and (The New Achilles) (1872).
Weill, Alexandre (vil or vāl). A French
journalist and miscellaneous writer; born at
Schiroff in Alsace, 1811. He spent his youth in
Germany as teacher, editor, and author. He
wrote a series of Alsatian Tales) that were
very popular; (The Peasants' War) (1847), a
historical study; (Republic and Monarchy)
>
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WEINGARTEN- WELBY
567
(1849); (Village Tales) (1853); (Mismorismes :
Hymns of the Soul) (1860); (My Youth, My
Adolescence, etc. (1870), an autobiography;
(Parisian Romances) (1874); "Genius of Uni-
versal History) (1876); etc.
Weingarten, Hermann (vin'gär-ten). A
German church historian; born at Berlin, March
12, 1834 ; died April 25, 1892, near Breslau,
where he was professor of church history.
Among his works are: (Pascal as an Apolo-
gist of Christianism) (1863); (The Revolution
Churches of England) (1868); Chronological
Tables and General Views of Church His-
tory) (1870); (Rise of Monachism in the Post-
Constantine Age) (1887).
Weinhold, Karl (vin'hõlt). A German anti-
quarian; born at Reichenbach in Silesia, Oct.
26, 1823. He held the chair of German phi-
lology in various universities successively,
Breslau, Cracow, Grätz, Kiel, finally Berlin.
Among his works are : Christmas Plays and
Carols of Southern Germany and Silesia' (1853);
(Researches in German Dialects) (1853); (An-
cient Norse Life) (1856); (The Giants of Ger-
man Myth) (1858); Heathen Burial in Ger-
many) (1859); (German Womankind in the
Middle Ages) (2 vols. , 2d ed. 1882).
Weir, Arthur. A Canadian poet; born at
Montreal, 1864. He was for several years a
journalist, then an analytical chemist, and is
now a banker. He has written (Fleurs de Lys)
(1887); (The Romance of Sir Richard,' etc.
(1890); etc.
Weir, Harrison William. An English illus-
trator and writer for young people; born at
Lewes, May 5, 1824. He is noted for his en-
gravings of animals, and was one of the origi-
nal members of the Society of Painters in
Water-Colors. He has written : (The Poetry
of Nature ) (1865); ( Funny Dogs with Funny
Tales); (The Adventures of a Bear); Bird
Stories); (Our Cats); etc. : some of which he
illustrated himself.
Weir, James. An American romance-writer;
born in Kentucky, 1821. He has published
(Lonz Powers; or, The Regulators); (Simon
Kenton); (Winter Lodge.
Weise, Christian (vi'zė). A German educa-
tionist and poet; born at Zittau, April 30, 1642 ;
died there, 1708. He wrote admirable text-books
for school instruction; (Curious Thought
German Verse) (2 vols. , 1691-95); several
dramas and romances; a volume of poems;
(Overflowing Thoughts of Early Youth (1668).
His best works are his satirical tales, as (The
Three Chief Arch-Fools); (The Bavarian Ma-
chiavel); (Kathrine the Shrew. '
Weismann, August (vis'män). A celebrated
German zoologist; born at Frankfort on the
Main, Jan. 17, 1834. He became professor at
Freiburg (1871). He denies the possibility of
the inheritance of acquired characters. He is
one of the leading minds engaged in the study
of evolution; his writings have provoked much
discussion, and been a great stimulation to re-
search. Among his principal works are : (Stud-
ies in the Theory of Descent' (1880); (Essays
on Heredity) (London, 1888-92); (Germ Plasm)
(London, 1893); etc.
Weiss, Bernhard (vis). A German theologi-
cal writer; born at Königsberg, June 20, 1827.
He was made professor of theology at Kiel,
1863, and at Berlin, 1877. His principal writings
are : (Text-Book of Biblical Theology) (1868);
(Life of Jesus) (2 vols. , 1882); Introduction to
the New Testament) (1886).
Weiss, John. An American clergyman, re-
former, and author; born in Boston, June 28,
1818; died there, March 9, 1879. He has pub-
lished : Æsthetic Prose) (1845), a translation of
Schiller's philosophical and ästhetic essays;
Life and Correspondence of Theodore Parker)
(2 vols. , 1864); (American Religion (1871);
(Wit, Humor, and Shakespeare) (1880). He
was a disciple of the Transcendental philosophy,
an earnest abolitionist, an advocate of woman's
political enfranchisement, and a defender of
reason in religion. *
Weisse, Christian Felix (vi'sė). A Ger-
man poet and writer for the young; born at
Annaberg, Jan. 28, 1726; died at Leipsic, Dec.
16, 1804. He wrote: (Sportive Lays) (1758), in
the Anacreontic vein; Lays of the Amazons)
(1760); and several tragedies and comedies; he
was less successful with these than with his
comic operas, which for a long time held the
boards of the Leipsic theatre. He wrote also
(Songs for Children (1776).
Weisse, Christian Hermann. A German
philosopher, grandson of Christian F. ; born
at Leipsic, Aug. 10, 1801; died there, Sept.
19, 1866; he was professor of philosophy at
Leipsic from 1845. He wrote: (The Idea,
the Treatment, and the Sources of Mythology)
(1828); (System of Æsthetics as a Science)
(2 vols. , 1830); «The Idea of Godhead) (1833);
(Theodicy in German Rhymes) (1834); Prin-
ciples of Metaphysic) (1835); (The Gospel His-
tory Treated Critically and Philosophically) (2
vols. , 1838); (Luther's Christology) (1852).
Weizsäcker, Karl Heinrich (vīts'sāk-er). A
distinguished German Protestant theologian;
born at Oehringen, Würtemberg, Dec. II, 1822.
He was court chaplain at Stuttgart, 1851; mem-
ber of the superior consistory there, 1859; pro-
fessor of theology at Tübingen, 1861; chan-
cellor of the university, 1890; privy councilor,
1894. Among his chief works are: (Re-
searches in Evangelical History) (2d ed. 1891);
(The Apostolic Age of the Christian Church'
(2d ed. 1892; English translation 1894); etc.
His translation into German of the New Tes-
tament (7th ed. 1894) has been greatly liked.
Welby, Amelia (Coppuck). (“Amelia. ”]
An American poet; born at St. Michael's, Md. ,
Feb. 3, 1819; died May 3, 1852. Her collected
poems were published in Boston (1844), in New
York (1850), and a final collection after her
death, in 1860.
)
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## p. 568 (#584) ############################################
568
WELCH - WERGELAND
:
Welch, Philip Henry. An American humor-
ist; born at Angelica, N. Y. , March 1, 1849;
died in Brooklyn, N. Y. , Feb. 24, 1889. He
has the distinction of being the maker of in-
numerable newspaper jokes, and short dia-
logues, the writing of which he made a pro-
fession. His books are: (The Taylor-Made
Girl) (1888); and (Said in Fun (1889).
Welch, Sarah. An Australian poet. Her
home is at Adelaide, South Australia. She is
a nurse by profession. She has written «The
Dying Chorister, and the Chorister's Funeral)
(1879).
Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb (vel'ker). A
celebrated German classical scholar and ar-
chæologist; born at Grünberg, Hesse, Nov. 4,
1784; died at Bonn, Dec. 17, 1868. He was pro-
fessor of archæology at Giessen, 1809; Got-
tingen, 1816; at Bonn, 1819. Besides editing
editions of a number of Greek authors, he
wrote: (The Æschylean Trilogy) (1824; sup-
plement, 1826); "Greek Tragedy Arranged with
Regard to the Epical Cyclus) (3 vols. , 1841),
an epoch-making work; (Ancient Monuments)
(5 vols. , 1849-64); (Greek Mythology) (3 vols. ,
1862); “The Epical Cyclus) (2d ed. 1865-82);
etc.
Welhaven, Johan Sebastian Cammer.
meyer (vel'hä-ven). A Norwegian journalist,
patriot, and poet; born at Bergen, Dec. 22,
1807; died in Christiania, Oct. 21, 1873. He
founded a weekly paper, Vidar (1833), which
was changed into the daily Constitutionelle
(1836). He wrote (Poetic Art and Character
of Henrik Wergeland) (1832), which awakened
a great controversy; and Norges Daemring)
(Norway's Twilight: 1834), political sonnets
stirring up great strife of thought. Collections
of his unpolemical poems appeared in 1851
and in 1863. *
Welldon, James Edward Cowell. An Eng.
lish educator; born at Tunbridge, April 25,
1854. He was head-master of Dulwich College,
1883, and Harrow School, 1885. Besides stand-
ard translations of Aristotle's Politics, (Rhet-
oric, and Nicomachean Ethics, he has pub-
lished (Sermons Preached to Harrow Boys)
(1887), and (The Spiritual Life and Other Ser-
mons) (1888).
Wells, Charles Jeremiah. An English poet;
born in 1800; died in France, Feb. 17, 1879.
He left England in 1840, afterwards living
chiefly in Marseilles, where he practiced law.
He was a friend of Keats, Horne, and Hazlitt.
His best work is the dramatic poem, Joseph
and his Brethren,' published in 1824 under the
pseudonym of “H. L. Howard, and reprinted
in 1876 with an introduction by Swinburne.
He also wrote a little volume called “Stories
After Nature ( 1822 ), now out of print. Some
of these tales were afterwards reprinted in the
Illustrated Family Journal, and in Linton's
Illuminated Magazine.
Wells, David Ames. An American political
economist; born at Springfield, Mass. , June 17,
1828. He edited among other works, the (An-
nual of Scientific Discovery) ( 16 vols. , 1850
65). Some of his earlier works are (Familiar
Science) (1856); Elements of Natural Philoso-
phy'(1857); and a widely circulated political
pamphlet, l Burden and Our Strength
(1864). Among his financial and economic books
are: The Creed of the Free Trader) (1875);
(Production and Distribution of Wealth' (1875);
(Robinson Crusoe's Money) (1876); “The Sil-
ver Question) (1878); “Our Merchant Marine,
etc. (1882); “A Primer of Tariff Reform' (1884);
(Practical Economics) (1886); A Study of
Mexico' (1887); (A Short and Simple Cate-
chism (1888); and Relation of the Tariff to
Wages.
Wells, H. G. An English novelist; born at
Bromley, Kent, 1868. Starting as a teacher in
London, he is now a journalist there. He has
written : (The Time Machine) (1895); (Select
Conversations with an Uncle) (1895); "The
Wonderful Visit! (1895), a humorous satire;
(The Island of Dr. Moreau) (1896); (The
Wheels of Chance) (1896); (Thirty Strange
Stories) (1897); “The Invisible Man' (1897);
etc.
Wells, Mrs. Kate Gannett. An American
essayist and novelist; born (Catherine Boott
Gannett) in 1838.
She is the daughter of a
Unitarian clergyman of Boston. She has writ-
ten chiefly for periodicals. Her works have
been collected in volumes : In the Clearings);
(Miss Curtis); “Two Modern Women); About
People); etc. ; also some Sunday-school manuals.
Welsh, Herbert. An American philanthro-
pist; born in Philadelphia, Dec. 4, 1851. He
is the Indians' friend and founder of the In-
dian Rights Association. Among his writings
are : (Four Weeks among Some of the Sioux
Tribes of Dakotah; and (Report of a Visit
to the Navajo, Pueblo, and Hualapai Indians
of New Mexico and Arizona. '
Wemyss, Francis Courtney (weems). An
actor, manager, and theatrical writer; born in
London, May 13, 1797 ; died in New York, Jan.
5, 1859. He acted in London, 1821 ; at Phila-
delphia, 1822; was manager of theatres in sev-
eral American cities, and secretary of the
Dramatic Fund Association from 1852. Among
his works are: (Twenty-Six Years as Actor and
Manager) ( 1847 ); (Chronology of the Amer.
ican Stage) (1852); and (Theatrical Biogra-
phy. He edited (The Minor Drama' (7 vols. ,
1848-52 ).
Wendell, Barrett. An American author and
educator ; born in Boston, Aug. 23, 1855. He
has published: (English Composition) (1891);
(Cotton Mather) (1891), in Makers of America)
series; and the novels (The Duchess Emilia)
(1885), and “Rankell's Remains) (1886). His
(Stelligeri, and Other Essays concerning Amer-
ica) (1893), and “William Shakspere: A Study)
(1894), are widely known. He is American
editor of Literature.
Wergeland, Henrik Arnold (ver'gė-länd).
A Norwegian poet; born at Christiansand. June
17, 1808; died Aug. 12, 1845. His works are:
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## p. 569 (#585) ############################################
WERNER
WHARTON
569
>
(
(The Creation, Man, and the Messiah, a lyric
poem (1830); “The Jew); Jan van Huysum's
Flower-Piece); (The English Pilot) (1845);
and many tragedies, vaudevilles, farces, etc.
He has had a great influence on Norwegian
literature and civilization.
Werner, Franz von (vār'ner). [“Murad
Effendi. ”] An Austrian poet and diplomatist;
born in Vienna, May 30, 1836; died Sept. 12,
1881. In 1877 he became resident minister at
The Hague and Stockholm, and in 1880 was
named minister plenipotentiary and envoy ex-
traordinary. He wrote: “Through Thuringia)
(1870); (Marino Falieri(1871); (Inez de Cas-
tro) (1872); (Mirabeau) (1875); (East and
West,' poems (1877); (Ballads and Pictures)
(1879). His dramatic works were collected in
1881.
Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias. A
German dramatist and clergyman; born at
Königsberg, Nov. 18, 1768; died in Vienna, Jan.
17, 1823. His works are: (Sons of the Valley)
(1800), inspired by Masonic enthusiasm ;(Cruise
in the German Ocean) (1804), set to music by
Hoffmann; Martin Luther); and (The 24th
of February,' which made a great sensation.
Besides the dramas named, he wrote the trage-
dies (Attila, Wanda, (Kunegunde, (The
Mother of the Maccabees); and lyrical poems,
hymns, sermons, etc.
Wesley, Charles. An English clergyman
and poet; born at Epworth, Lincolnshire, De-
cember 1708; died in London, March 29, 1788.
He was the poet of Methodism," and many of
his hymns are to be found in the hymn-books
of all Protestant denominations. *
Wesley, John. The founder of Methodism;
an English preacher and writer; born at Ep-
worth, June 1703; died March 2, 1791. He
was educated at Oxford. His works were as
follows: (Primitive Physic) (1747); (Explana-
tory Notes on the New Testament) (1755);
(Doctrine of Original Sin (1757); “Survey of
the Wisdom of God in Creation (1763); Notes
on the Old and New Testaments) (1764);
(Preservative against Unsettled Notions in Re-
ligion (1770); (A Calm Address to Our Ameri-
can Colonies) (1775). His journals are among
his best works. He also edited, with his
brother Charles, several collections of hymns. *
Wesley, Samuel, Sr. An English clergy-
man and sacred poet; born at Winterborn-
Whitchurch, Dorset, 1662; died at Epworth,
April 22, 1735. He was the father of Charles
and John, and of Samuel, Jr. He wrote (Life
of Christ: An Heroic Poem,) (Eupolis's Hymn
to the Creator, etc. He is best known by the
two hymns to be found in Methodist hymn-
books, Behold the Saviour of Mankind, and
TO Thou who when I did Complain.
Wesley, Samuel, Jr. An English educator
and sacred poet, son of Samuel; born in Lon-
don, Feb. 10, 1690; died at Tiverton, Nov. 6, 1739.
He was head-master of Blundell's free gram-
mar-school at Tiverton, 1732-39. He remained
with the old High Church party, and did not
embrace Methodism with his brothers. Edi.
tions of his poems have been published in
1736, 1743, and 1862 (with a Life, by William
Nichols). He is best known by his hymns in
the Methodist hymn-book, and a poem begin.
ning «The morning flowers display their
sweets, written on the death of a young
lady.
Wesselhoeft, Mrs. Lily F. (Pope) (wes'sel-
hooft). An American writer of juvenile stories;
born in Massachusetts, 18–. Among her works
are: Jerry the Blunderer); (Sparrow the
Trump'; (Flipwing the Spy); (Old Rough
the Miser); (The Winds, the Woods, and the
Wanderer); (Frowzle the Runaway. )
Westcott, Brooke Foss. A distinguished
English clergyman and Biblical scholar; born
near Birmingham, Jan. 12, 1825. He was pro-
fessor of divinity at Cambridge University,
1870; honorary chaplain to the queen, 1875;
bishop of Durham, 1890. Among his princi-
pal works may be named : (General View of
the History of the English Bible) (2d ed. 1879);
(History of the Canon of the New Testa-
ment) (5th ed. 1881); "Introduction to the
Study of the Gospels) (6th ed. 1882); (The
Gospel of the Resurrection) (5th ed. 1884);
(The Bible in the Church' (9th ed. 1885); etc.
With Dr. Hart he edited the Greek New Testa-
ment from the oldest authorities (2 vols. , 1881).
Westenrieder, Lorenz von (vest'en-re-der).
A German historian; born at Munich, Aug.
1, 1748; died there, March 15, 1829. He was
professor of poetry at Landshut, 1774; and of
rhetoric at Munich, 1776; literary censor, 1776;
clerical senator, 1786; raised to the nobility,
1813. He did much for the elevation of the
German language. His statue was erected at
Munich in 1854. He wrote History of Ba-
varia' (2 vols. , 1785); “Contribution to the Na-
tional History, Geography, Statistics, and Agri-
culture) (10 vols. , 1785-1817); etc.
Wetherell, Elizabeth. See Warner, Susan.
Weyman, Stanley John (wi'mạn). An Eng-
lish novelist; born at Ludlow, Shropshire, Aug.
7, 1855. He was educated at Christ Church,
Oxford; was classical instructor in the King's
School, Chester, 1878; was called to the bar in
1881, and practiced until 1890. He contributed
to periodicals in 1883, and published in book
form the historical romances: (The House of
the Wolf (1890); (Francis Cludde) (1891);
( The New Rector) (1891); (A Gentleman of
France) (1893); “Under the Red Robe) (1894);
and (My Lady Rotha' (1894). Several of his
stories have been dramatized. His books deal
with character and incident not previously
written upon, and are fresh, original, and pop-
ular.
Wharton, Anne Hollingsworth. An Amer-
ican story-writer; born in Pennsylvania about
1845. Among her books are : (The Wharton
Family) (1880); (Virgilia); (St. Bartholomew's
Eve); Colonial Days and Dames); “Through
>
## p. 570 (#586) ############################################
WHARTON – WHICHCOTE
570
(
Colonial Doorways); Martha Washington:
A Biography. '
Wharton, Thomas. An English statesman;
born about 1640; died in London, April 12,
1715. His name is associated with literature
by his being the reputed author of the famous
Irish ballad, Lilliburlero. )
Wharton, Thomas. An American journal-
ist, dramatist, and critic; born in Philadelphia,
Aug. I, 1859; died April 6, 1896. He was an
editorial writer on Philadelphia journals, and
contributed largely to various periodicals. He
published the novels (A Latter-Day Saint)
and Hannibal of New York); and wrote the
famous and popular short story, 'Bobbo. *
Whately, Richard. An eminent English
clergyman and educator, archbishop of Dublin;
born in London, Feb. I, 1787; died in Dublin,
Oct. 8, 1863. He was regarded as one of
the “Broad Church » party in the Church of
England. He was a voluminous writer; among
his works are: “The Use and Abuse of Party
Feeling in Matters of Religion (1822); (Ele-
ments of Logic) (1826); (View of the Script-
ure Revelations concerning a Future State)
(1829); Bacon's Essays, with Annotations)
(1856); (A General View of the Rise, Progress,
and Corruptions of Christianity) (1860); and
(Miscellaneous Lectures and Reviews) (1864).
Wheatley, Henry Benjamin. An English
philologist and bibliographer; born at Chelsea,
May 2, 1838. He has been an official of vari-
ous London literary and other societies. Be-
sides editing a number of works, he has written:
(Anagrams) (1862); <Round About Piccadilly
and Pall Mall) (1870); (Samuel Pepys and
the World he Lived In' (1880); (Decorative
Art) (1884); (How to Form a Library) (1886);
(How to Catalogue a Library) (1887); (Liter-
ary Blunders) (1893); etc.
Wheaton, Henry. An eminent American
jurist, born in Providence, R. I. , Nov. 27, 1785;
died in Dorchester, Mass. , March 11, 1848. He
graduated at Brown University, 1802; practiced
law at New York, 1812, and edited the Na-
tional Advocate. He was a reporter of the
United States Supreme Court, 1816 to 1827,
and then became chargé d'affaires to Denmark
(1827–35), and in 1835-46 minister to Berlin. His
chief writings are : (Digest of Maritime Law)
(1815); "Life of William Pinckney) (1826);
(Reports of Cases in the Supreme Court) (12
vols. , 1827); (History of the Northmen) (1831);
(Elements of International Law) (1836); (His-
tory of the Law of Nations) (1841).
Wheeler, Andrew Carpenter. ["Nym
Crinkle. ] An American journalist, critic,
and dramatic writer; born in New York, 1835.
He has been connected with the New York
Times and World, Milwaukee Sentinel, and
other journals - and was also a war correspond-
He has written: (The Chronicles of
Milwaukee ) (1861); 'The Twins: A Comedy)
(1862); and (The Primrose Path of Dalliance:
A Theatrical Tale. )
Wheeler, Crosby Howard. An American
writer, who was a missionary to Turkey; born
in Maine in 1823. His writings comprise: "Little
Children in Eden); (Letters from Eden);
(Ten Years on the Euphrates); Odds and
Ends. '
Wheeler, William Adolphus. An Ameri-
can lexicographer; born at Leicester, Mass. ,
Nov. 14, 1833 ; died at Roxbury, Mass. , Oct. 28,
1874. He was assistant superintendent of the
Boston Public Library in 1867. Besides assist-
ing in the composition of "Worcester's Dic-
tionary) and of the new illustrated edition of
(Webster's Dictionary) (1864), and editing
Hole's (Brief Biographical Dictionary) (1800)
and a Dickens Dictionary) (1873), he wrote
Dictionary of the Noted Names of Fiction)
(1865); (Who Wrote It? ) an index to anony-
mous literature, left unfinished by him, but
completed by Charles G. Wheeler (1881); and
Familiar Allusions) (1882), left unfinished.
Wheelwright, John. An English-American
clergyman, who was a classmate of Oliver
Cromwell at Cambridge University; born in
Lincolnshire, about 1592; died at Salisbury,
N. H. , Nov. 15, 1679. A brother-in-law of Anne
Hutchinson, and defender of her religious
opinions, he was banished from Massachusetts
for seditious preaching, and founded Exeter
on the Squamscott. He published, answering
Thomas Welde, Mercurius Americanus; or, Ob-
servations on a Paper entitled (Of the Rise,
Reign, and Ruin of the Familists, Libertines,
etc. , in New England' (1654); and a (Vindi-
cation (1654).
Wheelwright, John Tyler. An American
novelist and story-writer; born at Boston, 1856.
He has written: New Chance Acquaintance)
(1880); (Rollo's Journey to Cambridge) (1880,
with F. J. Stimson); (The King's Men (1882,
with F. J. Stimson, John Boyle O'Reilly, and
Robert Grant); (A Child of the Century)
(1887); (A Bad Penny?
Whewell, William. A celebrated English
scientist and philosopher; born at Lancaster,
May 24, 1794 ; died at Cambridge, March 6,
1866. He was professor of mineralogy at Cam-
bridge University, 1828–32, and of moral the-
ology and casuistical divinity, 1838–55; master
of Trinity College in 1841. He wrote: Astron.
omy and Physics with Reference to Natural
Theology) (1833); History of the Inductive
Sciences) (1837); (Philosophy of the Inductive
Sciences) (1840); (Elements of Morality) (1845);
Lectures on Political Economy) (1861); etc.
Whichcote, Benjamin. A distinguished Eng.
lish clergyman and religious and ethical writer;
born in Shropshire, May 11, 1610; died at Cam-
bridge, May 1683. He was provost of King's
College (1644); a leader in, if not the founder of,
the latitudinarian school of English divines; a
famous preacher, and one of the Cambridge
Platonists. His works were all published post-
humously: "Observations and Apophthegms!
(1688); " Moral and Religious Aphorisms' (1703;
new ed. 1753); (Sermons,' etc. (1751).
ent.
## p. 571 (#587) ############################################
WHIPPLE-WHITE
571
Whipple, Edwin Percy. An American liter-
ary critic; born at Gloucester, Mass. , March 8,
1819; died in Boston, June 16, 1886. He pub-
lished : Essays and Reviews) (2 vols. , 1848-49);
(Lectures on Subjects connected with Literature
and Life) (1849); "Character and Character-
istic Men) (1867); (The Literature of the Age
of Elizabeth) (1868); (Success and its Con-
ditions) (1871); and posthumously published
(Recollections of Eminent Men (1887); (Amer-
ican Literature and Other Papers) (1887); and
(Outlooks on Society, Literature, and Politics )
(1888). *
Whistler, James Abbott McNeill. An
American-English artist; born in Lowell, Mass. ,
1834. He is eminent in figure, landscape, and
portrait painting, and in etching. He has been
much written about, and has written one book,
(The Gentle Art of Making Enemies) (1890).
Whitaker, Alexander. An Episcopal clergy-
man and author; born in England, 1588; died
in Virginia after 1613. He baptized Pocahon-
tas, and officiated at her wedding. He wrote
"Good Newes from Virginia,' one of the first
books written in the colonies.
Whitaker, Mrs. Mary Scrimgeour (Furman)
(Miller). An American verse-writer and author;
born in South Carolina in 1820. She has written:
(Poems); and Albert Hastings: A Novel.
from Europe and the West Indies) (1866); and
an autobiography, edited by his daughter, and
published in 1882. He wrote (Reminiscences)
for the Atlantic Monthly.
Weeden, William Babcock. An American
soldier and ethical and historical writer; born
at Bristol, R. I. , Sept. I, 1834. He served with
distinction in the Union army during the Civil
War. He has written : (Morality of Prohibitory
Liquor Laws) (1875); (Social Law of Labor)
(1882); (Economic and Social History of New
England) (2 vols. , 1890), his chief work.
Weeks, Edwin Lord. An American artist;
born in Massachusetts in 1849. He has written
a work of travel, (From the Black Sea through
Persia and India. '
Weeks, Robert Kelley. An American poet;
born in New York city, Sept. 21, 1840; died
April 13, 1876. He graduated from Yale in
1862, from the Columbia Law School in 1864,
and entered the New York bar the same year,
but afterwards left it to devote himself to
literary pursuits. He published Poems' (1866);
and Episodes and Lyric Pieces) (1870).
Weems, Mason Locke. An American
biographical writer and Episcopal clergyman;
born in 1759; died in 1825. His chief work is
A History of the Life and Death, Virtues and
Exploits, of General George Washington' (1800),
an entertaining but unreliable and inaccurate
book. He also wrote : Biographies) of Gen-
eral Francis Marion (1816); Franklin (1817); and
William Penn (1829).
Wegele, Franz Xaver (vā'ge-le). A German
historian; born at Munich, Oct. 28, 1823. He
was appointed professor of history in the Uni-
versity of Würzburg, 1851. He wrote: (Karl
August of Weimar) (1850); "Life and Works
of Dante Alighieri) (3d ed. 1879); (Sources of
Thuringian History) (1854); (Frederick the
Peaceful, Margrave of Meissen (1870); 'Goethe
as a Historian) (1875); (History of German
Historiography since the Rise of Humanism'
(1885).
Wegscheider, Julius August Ludwig (vāg-
shi-der). A German theological writer; born
at Kübbelingen in Brunswick, Sept. 17, 1771;
died at Halle, Jan. 27, 1849. His principal work
is (Institutes of Christian Dogmatic Theology)
(1815): this work may be regarded as the clas-
sical dogmatic treatise of rationalism.
Wehl, Feodor von (vāl). A German novelist
and poet; born at Kunzendorf, Silesia, Feb.
19, 1821 ; died at Hamburg, Jan. 22, 1890. He
wrote the lyrico-dramatic poem (Hölderlin's
Love) (1852); a volume of verses, (From
Heart to Heart) (1867); (Fifteen Years in the
Directorship of the Stuttgart Court Theatre
(1886). His plays were published in 6 volumes,
1882. He wrote also :(Hamburg's Literary Life
in the 18th Century) (1856); In Leisure Hours)
(1867); (At the Roaring Loom of Time) (1869);
(Time and Men (1889).
Weil, Gustav (vil). A German Orientalist
and historian; born at Sulzburg, Baden, April
25, 1808; died at Freiburg in Breisgau, Aug.
30, 1889. He was appointed professor of Ori-
ental languages in the University of Heidelberg,
1861. He wrote: (The Poetry of the Arabs)
(1837); a learned (History of Mohammed the
Prophet) (1843); Historico-critical Introduc-
tion to the Koran) (1844); (Biblical Legends
of the Mussulmans) (1845); (History of the
Khaliſs) (5 vols. , 1846-62); History of the Is.
lamitic People from Mohammed to the time of
the Sultan Selim' (1866). He made the first
German translation of the (Thousand Nights
and a Night) (4 vols. , 1837-41).
Weilen, Joseph von (viʻlen). A German
educator and dramatist; born at Tetin, Bohe-
mia, Dec. 28, 1828; died in Vienna, July 3, 1889.
His works are : Fantasies and Songs) (1853);
(Men of the Sword (1855); (Tristan (1860);
(Edda) (1865); Drahomira) (1867); (Count
Horn (1871); and (The New Achilles) (1872).
Weill, Alexandre (vil or vāl). A French
journalist and miscellaneous writer; born at
Schiroff in Alsace, 1811. He spent his youth in
Germany as teacher, editor, and author. He
wrote a series of Alsatian Tales) that were
very popular; (The Peasants' War) (1847), a
historical study; (Republic and Monarchy)
>
(
## p. 567 (#583) ############################################
WEINGARTEN- WELBY
567
(1849); (Village Tales) (1853); (Mismorismes :
Hymns of the Soul) (1860); (My Youth, My
Adolescence, etc. (1870), an autobiography;
(Parisian Romances) (1874); "Genius of Uni-
versal History) (1876); etc.
Weingarten, Hermann (vin'gär-ten). A
German church historian; born at Berlin, March
12, 1834 ; died April 25, 1892, near Breslau,
where he was professor of church history.
Among his works are: (Pascal as an Apolo-
gist of Christianism) (1863); (The Revolution
Churches of England) (1868); Chronological
Tables and General Views of Church His-
tory) (1870); (Rise of Monachism in the Post-
Constantine Age) (1887).
Weinhold, Karl (vin'hõlt). A German anti-
quarian; born at Reichenbach in Silesia, Oct.
26, 1823. He held the chair of German phi-
lology in various universities successively,
Breslau, Cracow, Grätz, Kiel, finally Berlin.
Among his works are : Christmas Plays and
Carols of Southern Germany and Silesia' (1853);
(Researches in German Dialects) (1853); (An-
cient Norse Life) (1856); (The Giants of Ger-
man Myth) (1858); Heathen Burial in Ger-
many) (1859); (German Womankind in the
Middle Ages) (2 vols. , 2d ed. 1882).
Weir, Arthur. A Canadian poet; born at
Montreal, 1864. He was for several years a
journalist, then an analytical chemist, and is
now a banker. He has written (Fleurs de Lys)
(1887); (The Romance of Sir Richard,' etc.
(1890); etc.
Weir, Harrison William. An English illus-
trator and writer for young people; born at
Lewes, May 5, 1824. He is noted for his en-
gravings of animals, and was one of the origi-
nal members of the Society of Painters in
Water-Colors. He has written : (The Poetry
of Nature ) (1865); ( Funny Dogs with Funny
Tales); (The Adventures of a Bear); Bird
Stories); (Our Cats); etc. : some of which he
illustrated himself.
Weir, James. An American romance-writer;
born in Kentucky, 1821. He has published
(Lonz Powers; or, The Regulators); (Simon
Kenton); (Winter Lodge.
Weise, Christian (vi'zė). A German educa-
tionist and poet; born at Zittau, April 30, 1642 ;
died there, 1708. He wrote admirable text-books
for school instruction; (Curious Thought
German Verse) (2 vols. , 1691-95); several
dramas and romances; a volume of poems;
(Overflowing Thoughts of Early Youth (1668).
His best works are his satirical tales, as (The
Three Chief Arch-Fools); (The Bavarian Ma-
chiavel); (Kathrine the Shrew. '
Weismann, August (vis'män). A celebrated
German zoologist; born at Frankfort on the
Main, Jan. 17, 1834. He became professor at
Freiburg (1871). He denies the possibility of
the inheritance of acquired characters. He is
one of the leading minds engaged in the study
of evolution; his writings have provoked much
discussion, and been a great stimulation to re-
search. Among his principal works are : (Stud-
ies in the Theory of Descent' (1880); (Essays
on Heredity) (London, 1888-92); (Germ Plasm)
(London, 1893); etc.
Weiss, Bernhard (vis). A German theologi-
cal writer; born at Königsberg, June 20, 1827.
He was made professor of theology at Kiel,
1863, and at Berlin, 1877. His principal writings
are : (Text-Book of Biblical Theology) (1868);
(Life of Jesus) (2 vols. , 1882); Introduction to
the New Testament) (1886).
Weiss, John. An American clergyman, re-
former, and author; born in Boston, June 28,
1818; died there, March 9, 1879. He has pub-
lished : Æsthetic Prose) (1845), a translation of
Schiller's philosophical and ästhetic essays;
Life and Correspondence of Theodore Parker)
(2 vols. , 1864); (American Religion (1871);
(Wit, Humor, and Shakespeare) (1880). He
was a disciple of the Transcendental philosophy,
an earnest abolitionist, an advocate of woman's
political enfranchisement, and a defender of
reason in religion. *
Weisse, Christian Felix (vi'sė). A Ger-
man poet and writer for the young; born at
Annaberg, Jan. 28, 1726; died at Leipsic, Dec.
16, 1804. He wrote: (Sportive Lays) (1758), in
the Anacreontic vein; Lays of the Amazons)
(1760); and several tragedies and comedies; he
was less successful with these than with his
comic operas, which for a long time held the
boards of the Leipsic theatre. He wrote also
(Songs for Children (1776).
Weisse, Christian Hermann. A German
philosopher, grandson of Christian F. ; born
at Leipsic, Aug. 10, 1801; died there, Sept.
19, 1866; he was professor of philosophy at
Leipsic from 1845. He wrote: (The Idea,
the Treatment, and the Sources of Mythology)
(1828); (System of Æsthetics as a Science)
(2 vols. , 1830); «The Idea of Godhead) (1833);
(Theodicy in German Rhymes) (1834); Prin-
ciples of Metaphysic) (1835); (The Gospel His-
tory Treated Critically and Philosophically) (2
vols. , 1838); (Luther's Christology) (1852).
Weizsäcker, Karl Heinrich (vīts'sāk-er). A
distinguished German Protestant theologian;
born at Oehringen, Würtemberg, Dec. II, 1822.
He was court chaplain at Stuttgart, 1851; mem-
ber of the superior consistory there, 1859; pro-
fessor of theology at Tübingen, 1861; chan-
cellor of the university, 1890; privy councilor,
1894. Among his chief works are: (Re-
searches in Evangelical History) (2d ed. 1891);
(The Apostolic Age of the Christian Church'
(2d ed. 1892; English translation 1894); etc.
His translation into German of the New Tes-
tament (7th ed. 1894) has been greatly liked.
Welby, Amelia (Coppuck). (“Amelia. ”]
An American poet; born at St. Michael's, Md. ,
Feb. 3, 1819; died May 3, 1852. Her collected
poems were published in Boston (1844), in New
York (1850), and a final collection after her
death, in 1860.
)
on
## p. 568 (#584) ############################################
568
WELCH - WERGELAND
:
Welch, Philip Henry. An American humor-
ist; born at Angelica, N. Y. , March 1, 1849;
died in Brooklyn, N. Y. , Feb. 24, 1889. He
has the distinction of being the maker of in-
numerable newspaper jokes, and short dia-
logues, the writing of which he made a pro-
fession. His books are: (The Taylor-Made
Girl) (1888); and (Said in Fun (1889).
Welch, Sarah. An Australian poet. Her
home is at Adelaide, South Australia. She is
a nurse by profession. She has written «The
Dying Chorister, and the Chorister's Funeral)
(1879).
Welcker, Friedrich Gottlieb (vel'ker). A
celebrated German classical scholar and ar-
chæologist; born at Grünberg, Hesse, Nov. 4,
1784; died at Bonn, Dec. 17, 1868. He was pro-
fessor of archæology at Giessen, 1809; Got-
tingen, 1816; at Bonn, 1819. Besides editing
editions of a number of Greek authors, he
wrote: (The Æschylean Trilogy) (1824; sup-
plement, 1826); "Greek Tragedy Arranged with
Regard to the Epical Cyclus) (3 vols. , 1841),
an epoch-making work; (Ancient Monuments)
(5 vols. , 1849-64); (Greek Mythology) (3 vols. ,
1862); “The Epical Cyclus) (2d ed. 1865-82);
etc.
Welhaven, Johan Sebastian Cammer.
meyer (vel'hä-ven). A Norwegian journalist,
patriot, and poet; born at Bergen, Dec. 22,
1807; died in Christiania, Oct. 21, 1873. He
founded a weekly paper, Vidar (1833), which
was changed into the daily Constitutionelle
(1836). He wrote (Poetic Art and Character
of Henrik Wergeland) (1832), which awakened
a great controversy; and Norges Daemring)
(Norway's Twilight: 1834), political sonnets
stirring up great strife of thought. Collections
of his unpolemical poems appeared in 1851
and in 1863. *
Welldon, James Edward Cowell. An Eng.
lish educator; born at Tunbridge, April 25,
1854. He was head-master of Dulwich College,
1883, and Harrow School, 1885. Besides stand-
ard translations of Aristotle's Politics, (Rhet-
oric, and Nicomachean Ethics, he has pub-
lished (Sermons Preached to Harrow Boys)
(1887), and (The Spiritual Life and Other Ser-
mons) (1888).
Wells, Charles Jeremiah. An English poet;
born in 1800; died in France, Feb. 17, 1879.
He left England in 1840, afterwards living
chiefly in Marseilles, where he practiced law.
He was a friend of Keats, Horne, and Hazlitt.
His best work is the dramatic poem, Joseph
and his Brethren,' published in 1824 under the
pseudonym of “H. L. Howard, and reprinted
in 1876 with an introduction by Swinburne.
He also wrote a little volume called “Stories
After Nature ( 1822 ), now out of print. Some
of these tales were afterwards reprinted in the
Illustrated Family Journal, and in Linton's
Illuminated Magazine.
Wells, David Ames. An American political
economist; born at Springfield, Mass. , June 17,
1828. He edited among other works, the (An-
nual of Scientific Discovery) ( 16 vols. , 1850
65). Some of his earlier works are (Familiar
Science) (1856); Elements of Natural Philoso-
phy'(1857); and a widely circulated political
pamphlet, l Burden and Our Strength
(1864). Among his financial and economic books
are: The Creed of the Free Trader) (1875);
(Production and Distribution of Wealth' (1875);
(Robinson Crusoe's Money) (1876); “The Sil-
ver Question) (1878); “Our Merchant Marine,
etc. (1882); “A Primer of Tariff Reform' (1884);
(Practical Economics) (1886); A Study of
Mexico' (1887); (A Short and Simple Cate-
chism (1888); and Relation of the Tariff to
Wages.
Wells, H. G. An English novelist; born at
Bromley, Kent, 1868. Starting as a teacher in
London, he is now a journalist there. He has
written : (The Time Machine) (1895); (Select
Conversations with an Uncle) (1895); "The
Wonderful Visit! (1895), a humorous satire;
(The Island of Dr. Moreau) (1896); (The
Wheels of Chance) (1896); (Thirty Strange
Stories) (1897); “The Invisible Man' (1897);
etc.
Wells, Mrs. Kate Gannett. An American
essayist and novelist; born (Catherine Boott
Gannett) in 1838.
She is the daughter of a
Unitarian clergyman of Boston. She has writ-
ten chiefly for periodicals. Her works have
been collected in volumes : In the Clearings);
(Miss Curtis); “Two Modern Women); About
People); etc. ; also some Sunday-school manuals.
Welsh, Herbert. An American philanthro-
pist; born in Philadelphia, Dec. 4, 1851. He
is the Indians' friend and founder of the In-
dian Rights Association. Among his writings
are : (Four Weeks among Some of the Sioux
Tribes of Dakotah; and (Report of a Visit
to the Navajo, Pueblo, and Hualapai Indians
of New Mexico and Arizona. '
Wemyss, Francis Courtney (weems). An
actor, manager, and theatrical writer; born in
London, May 13, 1797 ; died in New York, Jan.
5, 1859. He acted in London, 1821 ; at Phila-
delphia, 1822; was manager of theatres in sev-
eral American cities, and secretary of the
Dramatic Fund Association from 1852. Among
his works are: (Twenty-Six Years as Actor and
Manager) ( 1847 ); (Chronology of the Amer.
ican Stage) (1852); and (Theatrical Biogra-
phy. He edited (The Minor Drama' (7 vols. ,
1848-52 ).
Wendell, Barrett. An American author and
educator ; born in Boston, Aug. 23, 1855. He
has published: (English Composition) (1891);
(Cotton Mather) (1891), in Makers of America)
series; and the novels (The Duchess Emilia)
(1885), and “Rankell's Remains) (1886). His
(Stelligeri, and Other Essays concerning Amer-
ica) (1893), and “William Shakspere: A Study)
(1894), are widely known. He is American
editor of Literature.
Wergeland, Henrik Arnold (ver'gė-länd).
A Norwegian poet; born at Christiansand. June
17, 1808; died Aug. 12, 1845. His works are:
>
## p. 569 (#585) ############################################
WERNER
WHARTON
569
>
(
(The Creation, Man, and the Messiah, a lyric
poem (1830); “The Jew); Jan van Huysum's
Flower-Piece); (The English Pilot) (1845);
and many tragedies, vaudevilles, farces, etc.
He has had a great influence on Norwegian
literature and civilization.
Werner, Franz von (vār'ner). [“Murad
Effendi. ”] An Austrian poet and diplomatist;
born in Vienna, May 30, 1836; died Sept. 12,
1881. In 1877 he became resident minister at
The Hague and Stockholm, and in 1880 was
named minister plenipotentiary and envoy ex-
traordinary. He wrote: “Through Thuringia)
(1870); (Marino Falieri(1871); (Inez de Cas-
tro) (1872); (Mirabeau) (1875); (East and
West,' poems (1877); (Ballads and Pictures)
(1879). His dramatic works were collected in
1881.
Werner, Friedrich Ludwig Zacharias. A
German dramatist and clergyman; born at
Königsberg, Nov. 18, 1768; died in Vienna, Jan.
17, 1823. His works are: (Sons of the Valley)
(1800), inspired by Masonic enthusiasm ;(Cruise
in the German Ocean) (1804), set to music by
Hoffmann; Martin Luther); and (The 24th
of February,' which made a great sensation.
Besides the dramas named, he wrote the trage-
dies (Attila, Wanda, (Kunegunde, (The
Mother of the Maccabees); and lyrical poems,
hymns, sermons, etc.
Wesley, Charles. An English clergyman
and poet; born at Epworth, Lincolnshire, De-
cember 1708; died in London, March 29, 1788.
He was the poet of Methodism," and many of
his hymns are to be found in the hymn-books
of all Protestant denominations. *
Wesley, John. The founder of Methodism;
an English preacher and writer; born at Ep-
worth, June 1703; died March 2, 1791. He
was educated at Oxford. His works were as
follows: (Primitive Physic) (1747); (Explana-
tory Notes on the New Testament) (1755);
(Doctrine of Original Sin (1757); “Survey of
the Wisdom of God in Creation (1763); Notes
on the Old and New Testaments) (1764);
(Preservative against Unsettled Notions in Re-
ligion (1770); (A Calm Address to Our Ameri-
can Colonies) (1775). His journals are among
his best works. He also edited, with his
brother Charles, several collections of hymns. *
Wesley, Samuel, Sr. An English clergy-
man and sacred poet; born at Winterborn-
Whitchurch, Dorset, 1662; died at Epworth,
April 22, 1735. He was the father of Charles
and John, and of Samuel, Jr. He wrote (Life
of Christ: An Heroic Poem,) (Eupolis's Hymn
to the Creator, etc. He is best known by the
two hymns to be found in Methodist hymn-
books, Behold the Saviour of Mankind, and
TO Thou who when I did Complain.
Wesley, Samuel, Jr. An English educator
and sacred poet, son of Samuel; born in Lon-
don, Feb. 10, 1690; died at Tiverton, Nov. 6, 1739.
He was head-master of Blundell's free gram-
mar-school at Tiverton, 1732-39. He remained
with the old High Church party, and did not
embrace Methodism with his brothers. Edi.
tions of his poems have been published in
1736, 1743, and 1862 (with a Life, by William
Nichols). He is best known by his hymns in
the Methodist hymn-book, and a poem begin.
ning «The morning flowers display their
sweets, written on the death of a young
lady.
Wesselhoeft, Mrs. Lily F. (Pope) (wes'sel-
hooft). An American writer of juvenile stories;
born in Massachusetts, 18–. Among her works
are: Jerry the Blunderer); (Sparrow the
Trump'; (Flipwing the Spy); (Old Rough
the Miser); (The Winds, the Woods, and the
Wanderer); (Frowzle the Runaway. )
Westcott, Brooke Foss. A distinguished
English clergyman and Biblical scholar; born
near Birmingham, Jan. 12, 1825. He was pro-
fessor of divinity at Cambridge University,
1870; honorary chaplain to the queen, 1875;
bishop of Durham, 1890. Among his princi-
pal works may be named : (General View of
the History of the English Bible) (2d ed. 1879);
(History of the Canon of the New Testa-
ment) (5th ed. 1881); "Introduction to the
Study of the Gospels) (6th ed. 1882); (The
Gospel of the Resurrection) (5th ed. 1884);
(The Bible in the Church' (9th ed. 1885); etc.
With Dr. Hart he edited the Greek New Testa-
ment from the oldest authorities (2 vols. , 1881).
Westenrieder, Lorenz von (vest'en-re-der).
A German historian; born at Munich, Aug.
1, 1748; died there, March 15, 1829. He was
professor of poetry at Landshut, 1774; and of
rhetoric at Munich, 1776; literary censor, 1776;
clerical senator, 1786; raised to the nobility,
1813. He did much for the elevation of the
German language. His statue was erected at
Munich in 1854. He wrote History of Ba-
varia' (2 vols. , 1785); “Contribution to the Na-
tional History, Geography, Statistics, and Agri-
culture) (10 vols. , 1785-1817); etc.
Wetherell, Elizabeth. See Warner, Susan.
Weyman, Stanley John (wi'mạn). An Eng-
lish novelist; born at Ludlow, Shropshire, Aug.
7, 1855. He was educated at Christ Church,
Oxford; was classical instructor in the King's
School, Chester, 1878; was called to the bar in
1881, and practiced until 1890. He contributed
to periodicals in 1883, and published in book
form the historical romances: (The House of
the Wolf (1890); (Francis Cludde) (1891);
( The New Rector) (1891); (A Gentleman of
France) (1893); “Under the Red Robe) (1894);
and (My Lady Rotha' (1894). Several of his
stories have been dramatized. His books deal
with character and incident not previously
written upon, and are fresh, original, and pop-
ular.
Wharton, Anne Hollingsworth. An Amer-
ican story-writer; born in Pennsylvania about
1845. Among her books are : (The Wharton
Family) (1880); (Virgilia); (St. Bartholomew's
Eve); Colonial Days and Dames); “Through
>
## p. 570 (#586) ############################################
WHARTON – WHICHCOTE
570
(
Colonial Doorways); Martha Washington:
A Biography. '
Wharton, Thomas. An English statesman;
born about 1640; died in London, April 12,
1715. His name is associated with literature
by his being the reputed author of the famous
Irish ballad, Lilliburlero. )
Wharton, Thomas. An American journal-
ist, dramatist, and critic; born in Philadelphia,
Aug. I, 1859; died April 6, 1896. He was an
editorial writer on Philadelphia journals, and
contributed largely to various periodicals. He
published the novels (A Latter-Day Saint)
and Hannibal of New York); and wrote the
famous and popular short story, 'Bobbo. *
Whately, Richard. An eminent English
clergyman and educator, archbishop of Dublin;
born in London, Feb. I, 1787; died in Dublin,
Oct. 8, 1863. He was regarded as one of
the “Broad Church » party in the Church of
England. He was a voluminous writer; among
his works are: “The Use and Abuse of Party
Feeling in Matters of Religion (1822); (Ele-
ments of Logic) (1826); (View of the Script-
ure Revelations concerning a Future State)
(1829); Bacon's Essays, with Annotations)
(1856); (A General View of the Rise, Progress,
and Corruptions of Christianity) (1860); and
(Miscellaneous Lectures and Reviews) (1864).
Wheatley, Henry Benjamin. An English
philologist and bibliographer; born at Chelsea,
May 2, 1838. He has been an official of vari-
ous London literary and other societies. Be-
sides editing a number of works, he has written:
(Anagrams) (1862); <Round About Piccadilly
and Pall Mall) (1870); (Samuel Pepys and
the World he Lived In' (1880); (Decorative
Art) (1884); (How to Form a Library) (1886);
(How to Catalogue a Library) (1887); (Liter-
ary Blunders) (1893); etc.
Wheaton, Henry. An eminent American
jurist, born in Providence, R. I. , Nov. 27, 1785;
died in Dorchester, Mass. , March 11, 1848. He
graduated at Brown University, 1802; practiced
law at New York, 1812, and edited the Na-
tional Advocate. He was a reporter of the
United States Supreme Court, 1816 to 1827,
and then became chargé d'affaires to Denmark
(1827–35), and in 1835-46 minister to Berlin. His
chief writings are : (Digest of Maritime Law)
(1815); "Life of William Pinckney) (1826);
(Reports of Cases in the Supreme Court) (12
vols. , 1827); (History of the Northmen) (1831);
(Elements of International Law) (1836); (His-
tory of the Law of Nations) (1841).
Wheeler, Andrew Carpenter. ["Nym
Crinkle. ] An American journalist, critic,
and dramatic writer; born in New York, 1835.
He has been connected with the New York
Times and World, Milwaukee Sentinel, and
other journals - and was also a war correspond-
He has written: (The Chronicles of
Milwaukee ) (1861); 'The Twins: A Comedy)
(1862); and (The Primrose Path of Dalliance:
A Theatrical Tale. )
Wheeler, Crosby Howard. An American
writer, who was a missionary to Turkey; born
in Maine in 1823. His writings comprise: "Little
Children in Eden); (Letters from Eden);
(Ten Years on the Euphrates); Odds and
Ends. '
Wheeler, William Adolphus. An Ameri-
can lexicographer; born at Leicester, Mass. ,
Nov. 14, 1833 ; died at Roxbury, Mass. , Oct. 28,
1874. He was assistant superintendent of the
Boston Public Library in 1867. Besides assist-
ing in the composition of "Worcester's Dic-
tionary) and of the new illustrated edition of
(Webster's Dictionary) (1864), and editing
Hole's (Brief Biographical Dictionary) (1800)
and a Dickens Dictionary) (1873), he wrote
Dictionary of the Noted Names of Fiction)
(1865); (Who Wrote It? ) an index to anony-
mous literature, left unfinished by him, but
completed by Charles G. Wheeler (1881); and
Familiar Allusions) (1882), left unfinished.
Wheelwright, John. An English-American
clergyman, who was a classmate of Oliver
Cromwell at Cambridge University; born in
Lincolnshire, about 1592; died at Salisbury,
N. H. , Nov. 15, 1679. A brother-in-law of Anne
Hutchinson, and defender of her religious
opinions, he was banished from Massachusetts
for seditious preaching, and founded Exeter
on the Squamscott. He published, answering
Thomas Welde, Mercurius Americanus; or, Ob-
servations on a Paper entitled (Of the Rise,
Reign, and Ruin of the Familists, Libertines,
etc. , in New England' (1654); and a (Vindi-
cation (1654).
Wheelwright, John Tyler. An American
novelist and story-writer; born at Boston, 1856.
He has written: New Chance Acquaintance)
(1880); (Rollo's Journey to Cambridge) (1880,
with F. J. Stimson); (The King's Men (1882,
with F. J. Stimson, John Boyle O'Reilly, and
Robert Grant); (A Child of the Century)
(1887); (A Bad Penny?
Whewell, William. A celebrated English
scientist and philosopher; born at Lancaster,
May 24, 1794 ; died at Cambridge, March 6,
1866. He was professor of mineralogy at Cam-
bridge University, 1828–32, and of moral the-
ology and casuistical divinity, 1838–55; master
of Trinity College in 1841. He wrote: Astron.
omy and Physics with Reference to Natural
Theology) (1833); History of the Inductive
Sciences) (1837); (Philosophy of the Inductive
Sciences) (1840); (Elements of Morality) (1845);
Lectures on Political Economy) (1861); etc.
Whichcote, Benjamin. A distinguished Eng.
lish clergyman and religious and ethical writer;
born in Shropshire, May 11, 1610; died at Cam-
bridge, May 1683. He was provost of King's
College (1644); a leader in, if not the founder of,
the latitudinarian school of English divines; a
famous preacher, and one of the Cambridge
Platonists. His works were all published post-
humously: "Observations and Apophthegms!
(1688); " Moral and Religious Aphorisms' (1703;
new ed. 1753); (Sermons,' etc. (1751).
ent.
## p. 571 (#587) ############################################
WHIPPLE-WHITE
571
Whipple, Edwin Percy. An American liter-
ary critic; born at Gloucester, Mass. , March 8,
1819; died in Boston, June 16, 1886. He pub-
lished : Essays and Reviews) (2 vols. , 1848-49);
(Lectures on Subjects connected with Literature
and Life) (1849); "Character and Character-
istic Men) (1867); (The Literature of the Age
of Elizabeth) (1868); (Success and its Con-
ditions) (1871); and posthumously published
(Recollections of Eminent Men (1887); (Amer-
ican Literature and Other Papers) (1887); and
(Outlooks on Society, Literature, and Politics )
(1888). *
Whistler, James Abbott McNeill. An
American-English artist; born in Lowell, Mass. ,
1834. He is eminent in figure, landscape, and
portrait painting, and in etching. He has been
much written about, and has written one book,
(The Gentle Art of Making Enemies) (1890).
Whitaker, Alexander. An Episcopal clergy-
man and author; born in England, 1588; died
in Virginia after 1613. He baptized Pocahon-
tas, and officiated at her wedding. He wrote
"Good Newes from Virginia,' one of the first
books written in the colonies.
Whitaker, Mrs. Mary Scrimgeour (Furman)
(Miller). An American verse-writer and author;
born in South Carolina in 1820. She has written:
(Poems); and Albert Hastings: A Novel.
