By
Muhammad
Hadi Kamwar Khan.
Cambridge History of India - v4 - Mugul Period
Afghan Poetry of the seventeenth century.
1890.
BIDDULPH, Col. J. Pirates of Malabar. 1907.
CARERI, GEMELLI, Travels of. In Churchill's Voyages, vol. IV.
GAIT, E. A. History of Assam. 2nd ed.
KAEPPELIN, P. La Compagnie Indes Orientales et François Martin. Paris, 1908.
The best guide to the French records and history of the French in India
in the seventeenth century.
## p. 587 (#627) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY
587
SARKAR, JADUNATH. History of Aurangzib. Based on original sources. 5 vols.
Vols. I and II (1st ed. 1912, 2nd ed. 1925), vol. III (1st ed. 1916, 3rd ed. 1928),
vol. IV (1st ed. 1919, 2nd ed. 1930), vol. v (1925).
Shivaji and His Times. 1st ed. 1919, 3rd ed. 1929.
Mughul Administration. 2nd ed. 1924.
Studies in Mughul India. 1919, being the 2nd ed. of Historical Essays
published in 1913.
Anecdotes of Aurangzib. 2nd ed. 1925.
India of Aurangzib : Statistics, topography and roads. 1901.
WRIGHT, ARNOLD. Annesley of Surat. 1918.
CHAPTER IX
THE KINGDOMS OF THE DECCAN
OF THE DECCAN DURING THE REIGN
OF JAHANGIR, SHAH JAHAN AND AURANGZIB, AND THE
RISE OF THE MARATHAS
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES
Tarikh-i-Firishta, see chaps. iv and v. For the reigns of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II
and the history of the Deccan generally, to the fall of Ahmadnagar,
Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, see chap. VII. For an account of Jahangir's dealings with
the Deccan.
Iqbal-nama-i-Jahangiri, see chap. VII.
Padshah-nama. By 'Abdul-Hamid Lahauri, see chap. VII. For the affairs of
the Deccan during the reign of Shah Jahan.
Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, see chap. vi. For the affairs of the Deccan during the
reigns of Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzib and the history of the
independent kingdoms of the Deccan.
Basatin-us-Salatin. By Mirza Ibrahim. Hyderabad lithographed edition. A
history of the 'Adil Shahi kings of Bijapur.
Tarikh-i-Muhammad Qutb Shahi. MS. in author's possession. A history of the
Sultans of Golconda to A. D. 1617.
Hadiqat-us-Salatin. A history of the reign of 'Abdullah Qutb Shah of Golconda.
MS. in India Office Library.
Hadiqat-ul-'Alam. By Mir Abu-'l-Qasim, Mir 'Alam. Hyderabad lithographed
edition of A. H. 1309. A history of the Sultans of Golconda.
History of the Mahrattas. By James Grant Duff. Bombay reprint of 1878. The
leading authority on the history of the Marathas.
The Portuguese in India. By F. C. Danvers. 1894. For the relations between
the Portuguese and the native powers in the Deccan.
Bernier's Travels, see chaps. Vin and x. Deals with Aurangzib's relations with
the independent kingdoms of the Deccan and the Marathas.
Tavernier's Travels. Edited, by V. Ball. 1889. Ditto.
Storia do Mogor, see chaps. VIII and x. Treats in considerable detail of Aurang-
zib's relations and dealings with the independent kingdoms of the Deccan
and the Marathas. A most valuable work.
Relations of Golconda in the early seventeenth century. Edited by W. H.
Moreland. Hakluyt Society. 1930. Contains valuable descriptions of the
cou ry in the early seventeenth century.
## p. 588 (#628) ############################################
588
BIBLIOGRAPHY
2. MODERN WORKS
HAIG, Major T. W. Historic Landmarks of the Deccan. Allahabad, 1907. Treats
of episodes in the history of the Deccan. Drawn exclusively from original
sources.
SAYYID NUH-ULLAH QADIRI, Tarikh-i-'Ali 'Adil Shahi. An exceedingly turgid
and bombastic history of the reign of 'Ali `Adil Shah II. Of slight value.
MS. in author's possession.
CHAPTER
XI
BAHADUR SHAH, JAHANDAR SHAH, FARRUKH-SIYAR,
RAFI-UD-DARAJAT AND RAFI-UD-DAULA
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES
PERSIAN
Bahadur Shah-nama. By Danishmand Khan (Ni'mat Khan 'Ali). Covering
1707-9. I. O. L. 1 MS. Ethé 385.
Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, see chap. VI.
Nushka-i-Dilkusha, see chap. VIII.
Maasir-ul Umara, see chap. VIII.
Tazkira or Tarikh. By Iradat Khan (Mirza Mubarak-ullah). Covering 1707-13.
I. O. L. MS. Ethé 389. English translation by Jonathan Scott as Memoirs of
Eradut Khan in vol. II of his translation of Firishta, 1794.
A'zam-ul-harb. By Kam Raj. 1707 only. Br. Mus. Or. 1899.
'Ibrat-nama. By Kam Raj. 1707-19. I. O. L. MS. Ethé 391.
'Ibrat-nama. By Muhammad Harisi, Mirza. Ends 1721. I. O. L. MS. 50.
'Ibrat-nama. By Muhammad Qasim Lahauri. c. 1721 I. O. L. MS. 194, Lahore
Public Library.
Tarikh-i-Farrukh-siyar. By Muhammad Ihsan Ijad. Br. Mus. Or. 25.
Mirat-i-Waridat. By Muhammad Shafi' Waríd. Ends 1734. Br. Mus. 6579,
O. P. L. 2 MS.
Tazkirat-us-salatin-i-Chaghtaia.
By Muhammad Hadi Kamwar Khan. Ends
1724. MS. O. P. L. , I. O. L. , Br. Mus.
Tarikh-i-Hind. By Rustam 'Ali. Ends 1736. Br. Mus. Or. 1628.
Tazkirat-ul-muluk. By Yahya Khan. 1712-36. Very brief for the later Mughul
emperors. I. O. L. MS. 1149.
Dastur-ul-insha (c. 1757). By Yar Muhammad. Printed Calcutta, A. H. 1253.
Jang-nama of Farrukh-siyar and Jahandar Shah. By Ni'mat Khan 'Ali. Trans-
lated by W. Irvine, J. A. S. B. 1900.
Nadir-uz-Zamani. By Khush-hal Chand. Vol. 1 (1679-1719) (mostly a compil-
ation). Lahore Public Library.
Ahwal-ul-Khawaqin. By Muhammad Qasim. Br. Mus. Add. 26,244. Vol. !
.
(1707-19), vol. II (1719-38).
Muntakhab-ut-Tavarikh. By Jagjivan Das. Written in 1708; gives useful sta-
tistics of all the subas in 1707. Br. Mus. Add. 26,253.
Chahar Gulshan. By Chatarman, Raj. Gives useful statistics. Partly translated
in Jadunath Sarkar's India of Aurangzib (1901). I. O. L. and O. P. L. MSS.
1 India Office Library.
2 Oriental Public Library (Patna).
## p. 589 (#629) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY
589
Jaipur State Records. A very large mass of Persian farmans, hasb-ul-hukms,
parwanas, news-letters, vakils' reports and business papers of the period
1707-c. 1723. The imperial letters have been preserved with their seals and
silk bags (Kharitas) intact (except for a slit), and the ordinary letters
with their (open) paper envelopes and belts. A unique collection.
URDU
Shamsher-i-Khalsa. By Gyan Singh and Rajindar Singh. Lithographed, 1891.
DUTCH
Diary of E. Conraad Graaf for embassy of 1712-13. State Record Office at the
Hague. Translated by Mrs. Kuenen-Wicksteed and J. Ph. Vogel, Journal,
Punjab Historical Society, x, I.
2. MODERN WORKS
CUNNINGHAM, J. D. History of the Sikhs. 1840 and 1918.
DOWNING, CLEMENT. History of the Indian Wars. Edited by W. Foster. 1924.
DUFF, J. G. History of the Mahrattas, see chap. IX.
IRVINE, W. Later Mughuls. Edited and continued by Jadunath Sarkar. Vol. I
(1707-19), vol 1 (1719-39). Calcutta, 1921-2. All the Persian sources have
been exhausted in it, and chap. XI is mostly an abridgement of it, with a
few additions.
MACAULIFFE, M. A. The Sikh Religion. 6 vols. 1909.
WILSON, C. R. Early Annals of the English in Bengal, see chap. VIII.
A French account of the Jats, written about 1774, most probably by Father F.
Xavier Wendel, in Orme MSS. , I. O. L. (vol. CCXVI, no. 2, copy in vol. xv,
no. 11).
CHAPTER
XII
MUHAMMAD SHAH
The authorities quoted for chap. XI cover this chapter also, except those which
are shown to cease at earlier dates. For authorities on the Marathas see chap.
XIV. The following additions may be made.
I. ORIGINAL SOURCES
Tarikh-i-Shahadat-i-Farrukh-siyar wa Julus-i-Muhammad Shah. By Muham-
mad Bakhsh, Ashob. Extract in Elliot and Dowson, VIII, 232.
Tarikh-i-Faiz Bakhsh. By Shiva Prasad. For contents see Elliot and Dowson,
VIII, 175.
Shahnama or Munavvar-ul-Kalam. By Shiva Das of Lucknow.
Bayan-i-Waqai'. By Abdul Karim, Kashmiri. Extracts translated in Elliot
and Dowson, VIII, 124 .
Tarikh-i-Jahankusha-i-Nadiri. By Mirza Mahdi. Lithographed at Bombay.
Nadir Shah aur Muhammad Shah. Hindi poem by Tilok Das. Edited and trans-
lated by W. Irvine, Journal, Asiatic Society Bengal, 1897, p. 24.
Historical relation of the Rohilla Afghans. By W. Hamilton. 1787. Practicaly
a translation of Tarikh-i-Faiz Bakhsh, supra.
Revolutions of Persia. By J. Hanway. 1762.
History of Nadir Shah. By J. Fraser. 1741.
## p. 590 (#630) ############################################
590
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Goolistan-i-Rehmut or Life of Hafiz Rahmat Khan. Translated by C. Elliott.
1831.
2. MODERN WORKS
IRVINE, W. The Bangash Nawabs of Farrukhabad. Journal, Asiatic Society
Bengal, 1878-9.
MUHAMMAD ABDUS-SALAM KHAN. Sarguzasht-i-Nawab Najib-ud-daula. Litho-
graphed, Aligarh and Rampur, 1924.
SRIVASTAVA, A. L. The first two Nawabs of Oudh. Lucknow, 1933. Contains a
full critical bibliography.
CHAPTER
XII
THE HYDERABAD STATE, 1724–1762
No detailed history of Asaf Jah I on the lines of the court annals of the Delhi
emperors was ever written. The sources of his career up to 1724 are given in
W. Irvine's Later Mughals (see chap. XI), as a part of the general history of
the Mughul empire. For his independent rule in the Deccan (1724-48) the con-
temporary recorders are Khafi Khan, Ghulam 'Ali Azad, and Shah Nawaz Khan
-all in his service. They are extremely brief, giving merely a list of important
events with a short character-sketch. The later histories in Persian worth
mentioning are the Maasir-i-Asafi of Lachmi Narayan (a hereditary revenue
official), compiled in 1792-3, and the Hadiqat-ul-'Alam of the famous minister
Mir ‘Alam, completed in 1802. The former gives a short summary of events
from well-known sources, with a very large number of anecdotes illustrating
Asaf Jah's virtues. The Hadiqat remains the best and longest Persian autho-
rity for the period 1724-62. Its author professedly borrows from the three con-
temporary writers named above, but he gives much fresh information in detaii,
which, however, requires correction. The English and French factory records
attain to primary value for Carnatic affairs and only incidentally for Hydera-
bad affairs—from 1740 onwards. The printed documents in these two langu-
ages have been co-ordinated and corrected, and the mass of manuscript cor-
respondence analysed with admirable skill and success in Dodwell's Dupleix
and Clive, without the help of which guide these documents cannot be properly
utilized, nor the prevalent heresies corrected.
BIDDULPH, Col. J. Pirates of Malabar. 1907.
CARERI, GEMELLI, Travels of. In Churchill's Voyages, vol. IV.
GAIT, E. A. History of Assam. 2nd ed.
KAEPPELIN, P. La Compagnie Indes Orientales et François Martin. Paris, 1908.
The best guide to the French records and history of the French in India
in the seventeenth century.
## p. 587 (#627) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY
587
SARKAR, JADUNATH. History of Aurangzib. Based on original sources. 5 vols.
Vols. I and II (1st ed. 1912, 2nd ed. 1925), vol. III (1st ed. 1916, 3rd ed. 1928),
vol. IV (1st ed. 1919, 2nd ed. 1930), vol. v (1925).
Shivaji and His Times. 1st ed. 1919, 3rd ed. 1929.
Mughul Administration. 2nd ed. 1924.
Studies in Mughul India. 1919, being the 2nd ed. of Historical Essays
published in 1913.
Anecdotes of Aurangzib. 2nd ed. 1925.
India of Aurangzib : Statistics, topography and roads. 1901.
WRIGHT, ARNOLD. Annesley of Surat. 1918.
CHAPTER IX
THE KINGDOMS OF THE DECCAN
OF THE DECCAN DURING THE REIGN
OF JAHANGIR, SHAH JAHAN AND AURANGZIB, AND THE
RISE OF THE MARATHAS
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES
Tarikh-i-Firishta, see chaps. iv and v. For the reigns of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II
and the history of the Deccan generally, to the fall of Ahmadnagar,
Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, see chap. VII. For an account of Jahangir's dealings with
the Deccan.
Iqbal-nama-i-Jahangiri, see chap. VII.
Padshah-nama. By 'Abdul-Hamid Lahauri, see chap. VII. For the affairs of
the Deccan during the reign of Shah Jahan.
Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, see chap. vi. For the affairs of the Deccan during the
reigns of Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzib and the history of the
independent kingdoms of the Deccan.
Basatin-us-Salatin. By Mirza Ibrahim. Hyderabad lithographed edition. A
history of the 'Adil Shahi kings of Bijapur.
Tarikh-i-Muhammad Qutb Shahi. MS. in author's possession. A history of the
Sultans of Golconda to A. D. 1617.
Hadiqat-us-Salatin. A history of the reign of 'Abdullah Qutb Shah of Golconda.
MS. in India Office Library.
Hadiqat-ul-'Alam. By Mir Abu-'l-Qasim, Mir 'Alam. Hyderabad lithographed
edition of A. H. 1309. A history of the Sultans of Golconda.
History of the Mahrattas. By James Grant Duff. Bombay reprint of 1878. The
leading authority on the history of the Marathas.
The Portuguese in India. By F. C. Danvers. 1894. For the relations between
the Portuguese and the native powers in the Deccan.
Bernier's Travels, see chaps. Vin and x. Deals with Aurangzib's relations with
the independent kingdoms of the Deccan and the Marathas.
Tavernier's Travels. Edited, by V. Ball. 1889. Ditto.
Storia do Mogor, see chaps. VIII and x. Treats in considerable detail of Aurang-
zib's relations and dealings with the independent kingdoms of the Deccan
and the Marathas. A most valuable work.
Relations of Golconda in the early seventeenth century. Edited by W. H.
Moreland. Hakluyt Society. 1930. Contains valuable descriptions of the
cou ry in the early seventeenth century.
## p. 588 (#628) ############################################
588
BIBLIOGRAPHY
2. MODERN WORKS
HAIG, Major T. W. Historic Landmarks of the Deccan. Allahabad, 1907. Treats
of episodes in the history of the Deccan. Drawn exclusively from original
sources.
SAYYID NUH-ULLAH QADIRI, Tarikh-i-'Ali 'Adil Shahi. An exceedingly turgid
and bombastic history of the reign of 'Ali `Adil Shah II. Of slight value.
MS. in author's possession.
CHAPTER
XI
BAHADUR SHAH, JAHANDAR SHAH, FARRUKH-SIYAR,
RAFI-UD-DARAJAT AND RAFI-UD-DAULA
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES
PERSIAN
Bahadur Shah-nama. By Danishmand Khan (Ni'mat Khan 'Ali). Covering
1707-9. I. O. L. 1 MS. Ethé 385.
Muntakhab-ul-Lubab, see chap. VI.
Nushka-i-Dilkusha, see chap. VIII.
Maasir-ul Umara, see chap. VIII.
Tazkira or Tarikh. By Iradat Khan (Mirza Mubarak-ullah). Covering 1707-13.
I. O. L. MS. Ethé 389. English translation by Jonathan Scott as Memoirs of
Eradut Khan in vol. II of his translation of Firishta, 1794.
A'zam-ul-harb. By Kam Raj. 1707 only. Br. Mus. Or. 1899.
'Ibrat-nama. By Kam Raj. 1707-19. I. O. L. MS. Ethé 391.
'Ibrat-nama. By Muhammad Harisi, Mirza. Ends 1721. I. O. L. MS. 50.
'Ibrat-nama. By Muhammad Qasim Lahauri. c. 1721 I. O. L. MS. 194, Lahore
Public Library.
Tarikh-i-Farrukh-siyar. By Muhammad Ihsan Ijad. Br. Mus. Or. 25.
Mirat-i-Waridat. By Muhammad Shafi' Waríd. Ends 1734. Br. Mus. 6579,
O. P. L. 2 MS.
Tazkirat-us-salatin-i-Chaghtaia.
By Muhammad Hadi Kamwar Khan. Ends
1724. MS. O. P. L. , I. O. L. , Br. Mus.
Tarikh-i-Hind. By Rustam 'Ali. Ends 1736. Br. Mus. Or. 1628.
Tazkirat-ul-muluk. By Yahya Khan. 1712-36. Very brief for the later Mughul
emperors. I. O. L. MS. 1149.
Dastur-ul-insha (c. 1757). By Yar Muhammad. Printed Calcutta, A. H. 1253.
Jang-nama of Farrukh-siyar and Jahandar Shah. By Ni'mat Khan 'Ali. Trans-
lated by W. Irvine, J. A. S. B. 1900.
Nadir-uz-Zamani. By Khush-hal Chand. Vol. 1 (1679-1719) (mostly a compil-
ation). Lahore Public Library.
Ahwal-ul-Khawaqin. By Muhammad Qasim. Br. Mus. Add. 26,244. Vol. !
.
(1707-19), vol. II (1719-38).
Muntakhab-ut-Tavarikh. By Jagjivan Das. Written in 1708; gives useful sta-
tistics of all the subas in 1707. Br. Mus. Add. 26,253.
Chahar Gulshan. By Chatarman, Raj. Gives useful statistics. Partly translated
in Jadunath Sarkar's India of Aurangzib (1901). I. O. L. and O. P. L. MSS.
1 India Office Library.
2 Oriental Public Library (Patna).
## p. 589 (#629) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY
589
Jaipur State Records. A very large mass of Persian farmans, hasb-ul-hukms,
parwanas, news-letters, vakils' reports and business papers of the period
1707-c. 1723. The imperial letters have been preserved with their seals and
silk bags (Kharitas) intact (except for a slit), and the ordinary letters
with their (open) paper envelopes and belts. A unique collection.
URDU
Shamsher-i-Khalsa. By Gyan Singh and Rajindar Singh. Lithographed, 1891.
DUTCH
Diary of E. Conraad Graaf for embassy of 1712-13. State Record Office at the
Hague. Translated by Mrs. Kuenen-Wicksteed and J. Ph. Vogel, Journal,
Punjab Historical Society, x, I.
2. MODERN WORKS
CUNNINGHAM, J. D. History of the Sikhs. 1840 and 1918.
DOWNING, CLEMENT. History of the Indian Wars. Edited by W. Foster. 1924.
DUFF, J. G. History of the Mahrattas, see chap. IX.
IRVINE, W. Later Mughuls. Edited and continued by Jadunath Sarkar. Vol. I
(1707-19), vol 1 (1719-39). Calcutta, 1921-2. All the Persian sources have
been exhausted in it, and chap. XI is mostly an abridgement of it, with a
few additions.
MACAULIFFE, M. A. The Sikh Religion. 6 vols. 1909.
WILSON, C. R. Early Annals of the English in Bengal, see chap. VIII.
A French account of the Jats, written about 1774, most probably by Father F.
Xavier Wendel, in Orme MSS. , I. O. L. (vol. CCXVI, no. 2, copy in vol. xv,
no. 11).
CHAPTER
XII
MUHAMMAD SHAH
The authorities quoted for chap. XI cover this chapter also, except those which
are shown to cease at earlier dates. For authorities on the Marathas see chap.
XIV. The following additions may be made.
I. ORIGINAL SOURCES
Tarikh-i-Shahadat-i-Farrukh-siyar wa Julus-i-Muhammad Shah. By Muham-
mad Bakhsh, Ashob. Extract in Elliot and Dowson, VIII, 232.
Tarikh-i-Faiz Bakhsh. By Shiva Prasad. For contents see Elliot and Dowson,
VIII, 175.
Shahnama or Munavvar-ul-Kalam. By Shiva Das of Lucknow.
Bayan-i-Waqai'. By Abdul Karim, Kashmiri. Extracts translated in Elliot
and Dowson, VIII, 124 .
Tarikh-i-Jahankusha-i-Nadiri. By Mirza Mahdi. Lithographed at Bombay.
Nadir Shah aur Muhammad Shah. Hindi poem by Tilok Das. Edited and trans-
lated by W. Irvine, Journal, Asiatic Society Bengal, 1897, p. 24.
Historical relation of the Rohilla Afghans. By W. Hamilton. 1787. Practicaly
a translation of Tarikh-i-Faiz Bakhsh, supra.
Revolutions of Persia. By J. Hanway. 1762.
History of Nadir Shah. By J. Fraser. 1741.
## p. 590 (#630) ############################################
590
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Goolistan-i-Rehmut or Life of Hafiz Rahmat Khan. Translated by C. Elliott.
1831.
2. MODERN WORKS
IRVINE, W. The Bangash Nawabs of Farrukhabad. Journal, Asiatic Society
Bengal, 1878-9.
MUHAMMAD ABDUS-SALAM KHAN. Sarguzasht-i-Nawab Najib-ud-daula. Litho-
graphed, Aligarh and Rampur, 1924.
SRIVASTAVA, A. L. The first two Nawabs of Oudh. Lucknow, 1933. Contains a
full critical bibliography.
CHAPTER
XII
THE HYDERABAD STATE, 1724–1762
No detailed history of Asaf Jah I on the lines of the court annals of the Delhi
emperors was ever written. The sources of his career up to 1724 are given in
W. Irvine's Later Mughals (see chap. XI), as a part of the general history of
the Mughul empire. For his independent rule in the Deccan (1724-48) the con-
temporary recorders are Khafi Khan, Ghulam 'Ali Azad, and Shah Nawaz Khan
-all in his service. They are extremely brief, giving merely a list of important
events with a short character-sketch. The later histories in Persian worth
mentioning are the Maasir-i-Asafi of Lachmi Narayan (a hereditary revenue
official), compiled in 1792-3, and the Hadiqat-ul-'Alam of the famous minister
Mir ‘Alam, completed in 1802. The former gives a short summary of events
from well-known sources, with a very large number of anecdotes illustrating
Asaf Jah's virtues. The Hadiqat remains the best and longest Persian autho-
rity for the period 1724-62. Its author professedly borrows from the three con-
temporary writers named above, but he gives much fresh information in detaii,
which, however, requires correction. The English and French factory records
attain to primary value for Carnatic affairs and only incidentally for Hydera-
bad affairs—from 1740 onwards. The printed documents in these two langu-
ages have been co-ordinated and corrected, and the mass of manuscript cor-
respondence analysed with admirable skill and success in Dodwell's Dupleix
and Clive, without the help of which guide these documents cannot be properly
utilized, nor the prevalent heresies corrected.
