) men be said with
certainty
whether his father, Agasias,
tions fourteen persons of this name.
tions fourteen persons of this name.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
This fraudulent con-
such measures he rendered Philip so obnoxious to duct, together with the calumnious insinuations
bis subjects, that the king at length found himself which he directed against Xenophon, when the
obliged to yield to the popular clamour, displaced latter urged with rigour the just claims of his
Heracleides, whom he had not long before em- troops, became the chief cause of the dissensions
ployed in the command of his fleet, and threw him that arose between Seuthes and his Greek merce-
into prison, B. C. 199. Whether he was subo naries. (Xen. Anab. vii. 3, 4, 5, 6. )
sequently put to death we are not informed. (Po- 17. Of Aenus in Thrace, joined with his brother
lyb. xiii. 4,5; Diod. Exc. Vales. xxviii. pp. 572, Python in the assassination of Cotys, king of
573; Polyaen. v. 17. 2; Liv. xxxi. 16, 33, Thrace, B. C. 358, for which piece of good service,
xxxii. 5. )
though prompted by private revenge, they were
13. Of Gyrton in Thessaly, commanded the rewarded by the Athenians with the right of
Thessalian cavalry in the army of Philip at the citizenship, and with crowns of gold. (Dem. c.
battle of Cynoscephalae. (Polyb. xviii. 5. ) Aristocr. p. 659, ed. Reiske; Arist. Pol. v. 10. )
14. Of Byzantium, was sent as ambassador by According to Plutarch (adv. Coloten. 32), they had
Antiochus the Great to the two Scipios immediately both been disciples of Plato. [E. H. B. ]
after they had crossed the Hellespont, B. c. 190. HERACLEIDES ('Hparheldns). 1. Of Cumae,
He was instructed to offer, in the king's name, the the author of a history of Persia (Tlepouká), a por-
cession of Lampsacus, Smyrna, and some other tion of which bore the special title of Tapao Keva-
cities of Ionia and Aeolia, and the payment of otiká, and, to judge from the quotations from it,
half the expenses of the war ; but these offers were contained an account of the mode of life of the
sterly rejected by the Romans: and Heracleides, kings of Persia. (Athen. iv. p. 145, xii. p. 117;
having in vain sought to gain over Scipio Africanus comp. ii. p. 48. ). According to Diogenes Laërtius
by a private negotiation, returned to Antiochus to (v. 94), the Persica consisted of five books.
report the failure of his mission. (Polyb. xxi. 10 2. An historian who, according to Suidas, was a
-12; Liv. xxxvii. 31—36 ; Diod. xxix. Exc. native of Oxyrhinchis in Egypt, while Diogenes
Leg. p. 620; Appian, Syr. 29. )
Laërtius (v. 94) calls him a Callatian, or Alexan-
15. One of the three ambassadors sent by Anti-drian. He lived in the reign of Ptolemy Philo-
ochus Epiphanes to Rome to support his claims on pator, and wrote a great work, entitled iotopías, of
Coele-Syria against Ptolemy Philometor, and de which the thirty-seventh book is quoted (Athen.
fend his conduct in waging war upon him, B. c. iii. p. 98, xiii. p. 578); another, under the title
169. The same three ambassadors seem to have badoxń, in six books (Diog. Laërt. 1. c. ), which
been sent again after Antiochus had been inter- was probably of the same kind, if not identica!
rupted in his career of conquest by the mission of with his επιτομή των Σωτίωνος διαδοχών. (Diog.
Popillius, and compelled to raise the siege of Alex- Laërt. v. 79. ) He further made an abridgement of
andria. (Polyb. xxvii. 17, xxviii. 1, 18. ) It is the biographical work of Satyrus (Diog. Laërt. viii.
not improbable that this Heracleides is the same 40, ix. 25), and wrote a work called AeubeutiRÒS
who is spoken of by Appian (Syr. 45) as one of Loyos, from which he received the nickname of ó
the favourites of Antiochus Epiphanes, by whom seucos. (Diog. Laërt. v. 94 ; Phot. Bibl. Cod. 213. )
he was nppointed to superintend the finances of his He is often called, after his father, Heracleides, the
whole kingdom. After the death of Antiochus, son of Sarapion, and, under this name, Suidas at-
and the establishment of Demetrius Soter upon the tributes to him also philosophical works. It is not
cc 3
## p. 390 (#406) ############################################
390
HERACLEIDES.
HERACLEIDES.
a
impossible that he may be the same as the Hera- | Nóuwe nad Tv Surgery TOÚTois mentioned by
cleides who is mentioned by Eutocius, in his com- Diogenes, though other conjecture that it is the
mentary on Archimedes, as the author of a life of work of another person. It was first printed
that great mathematician.
with Aelian's Variae Historiae, at Rome in 1545,
3. Of Odessus, in Thrace, a Greek historian afterwards at Geneva, 1593, edited bf Cragius, but
mentioned by Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v. 'O&no- the best editions are by Köler, with an introduc-
σός).
tion, notes, and a German translation, Halle, 1804,
4. Of Magnesia, is known only as the author of and by Coraes, in his edition of Aelian, Paris,
a history of Mithridates (Mi@piðatıxá), which is 1005, 8vo. Another extant work, 'Alimyopia:
lost. (Diog. Lacrt. v. 94. )
'Ounpiral, which also bears the name of Hera-
5. A Greek grammarian of Alexandria (Eustath. Cleides, was certainly not written by him. It was
ad Hom. p. 237), who is perhaps the same as the first printed with a Latin translation by Gesner,
one whom Ammonius (De Differ. Verb. s. v. Ota- Basel, 1544, and afterwards with a German trans-
Quar) mentions as a contemporary of his. The lation by Schulthess, Zürich, 1779. We further
same name is often mentioned by Eustathius, and read in Diogenes (on the authority of Aristoxenus,
in the Venetian scholia on the Iliad, in connection sumamed • novoirós, also a scholar of Aristotie),
with grammatical works on Homer, and Ammonius that “ Heracleides made tragedies, and put the
(s. v. vũv) attributes to one Heracleides a work en- name of Thespis to them. ” This sentence has
titled Περί καθολικής προσφδίας. ,
given occasion to a learned disquisition by Bentley
6. A Greek rhetorician of Lycia, who lived in Phalaris, p. 239), to prove that the fragments ai-
the second century of our era. He was a disciple tributed to Thespis are really cited from these
of Herodes Atticus, and taught rhetoric at Smyrna counterfeit tragedies of Heracleides. The genuine
with great success, so that the town was greatly ness of one fragment he disproves by showing that
benefited by him, on account of the great contiux of it contains a sentiment belonging strictly to Plato,
students from all parts of Asia Minor. He owed and which therefore may naturally be attributed to
his success not so much to his talent as to his in- Heracleides. Some childish stories are told about
defatigable industry; and once, when he had com- Heracleides keeping a pet serpent, and ordering
posed an dykulov povov, and showed it to his one of his friends to conceal his body after his
rival Ptolemaeus, the latter struck out the * in death, and place the serpent on the bed, that it
trovov, and, returning it to Heracleides, said, might be supposed that he had been taken to the
There, you may read your own encomium" (ex company of the gods. It is also said, that he killed
Kuulov ovou). He died at the age of eighty, leaving a man who had usurped the tyranny in Heracleia,
a country-house in the neighbourhood of Smyra, and there are other traditions about him, scarcely
which he had built with the money he had earned, worth relating. There was also another Heracleides
and which he called Rhetorica. He also published Ponticus of the same town of Heracleia, a gram-
a purified edition of the orations of Nicetes, forget- marian, who lived at Rome in the reign of the em-
ting, as his biographer says, that he was putting peror Claudius. The titles of many of his works
the armour of a pigmy on a colossus. (Philostr. are mentioned by Diogenes and Suidas. (Vossius,
Vit. Soph. ii. 26, comp. i. 19. )
de Histor. Graec. p. 78, &c. Köler, Fragmenta de
7. A comic poet. (HERACLEITUS. ]
Rebus publicis, Hal. Sax. 1804 ; Roulez, Commen-
8. Of Sinope : under this name we possess a tatio de Vita et Scriptis Heraclidae Pontic. , Lo-
Greek epigram in the Greek Anthology (vii. 329). vanii, 1828; Deswert, Dissertatio de Heraclide
It is not improbable that two other epigrams (vii
. Pont. , Lovanii, 1830. )
[G. E. L. C. ]
281, 465) are likewise his productions, though his HERACLEIDES, artists. 1. A sculptor of
native place is not mentioned there. He seems to Ephesus, the son of Agasias. His name is inscribed,
have been a poet of some celebrity, as Diogenes with that of Harmatius, on the restored statue of
Laërtius (v. 94) mentions him as étiypauuatwr Ares in the Royal Museum at Paris. It cannot
TONTT's diyupós. Diogenes Laërtius (1. c.
) men be said with certainty whether his father, Agasias,
tions fourteen persons of this name. [L. S. ] was the celebrated Ephesian sculptor of that name,
HERACLEIDES ('Hpakleidns), son of Euthy- but it seems probable that he was. (Müller,
phron or Euphron, born at Heracleia, in Pontus, Archäol. d. K'unst. § 175, n. 3, § 372, n. 5;
and said by Suidas to have been descended from Clarac, Description des Antiques du Musée Royal,
Damis, one of those who originally led the colony No. 41], p. 173. )
from Thebes to Heracleia. He was a person of 2. A Macedonian painter, who was at first
considerable wealth, and migrated to Athens, where merely a painter of ships, but afterwards acquired
he became a pupil of Plato, and Suidas says that, some distinction as a painter in encaustic. He
during Plato's absence in Sicily, his school was lived in the time of Persens, after whose fall he
left under the care of Heracleides. He paid at- went to Athens, B. c. 168. (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40.
tention also to the Pythagorean system, and after- SS 30, 42. )
wards attended the instructions of Speusippus, and 3. A Phocian sculptor, of whom nothing more
finally of Aristotle. He appears to have been a is known. (Diog. Laërt. v. 94 )
vain and luxurious man, and 80 fat, that the 4. An architect, in the time of Trajan, who is
Athenians punned on his surname, NovTikós, and known by two inscriptions found in Egypt. (Mu-
turned it into Mounikós. Diogenes Laërtius (v. 86, ratori, p. 478, 3; Letronne, Recueil des Inscript.
&c. ) gives a long list of his writings, from which Grecq. et Latin. de l'Egypte, vol. i. p. 426. ) (P. S. )
it appears that he wrote upon philosophy, mathe HERACLEIDES ('Hparicions), the name of
matics, music, history, politics, grammar, and several ancient Greek physicians. 1. The sixteenth
poetry; but unfortunately almost all these works are in descent from Aesculapius, the son of Hippocrates
lost. There has come down to us a small work, I. , who lived probably in the fifth century B. C.
under the name of Heracleides, entitled tepi lo- He married Phaenarete, or, according to others,
Alterwv, which is perhaps an extract from the Tepi | Praxithea, by whom he had two sons, Sosander
## p. 391 (#407) ############################################
HERACLEITUS.
391
HERACLEITUS.
!
and Hippocrates II. , the most famous of that 2. A lyric poet, by whom there existed, in the
name. (J. . Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist. 165, in Fabric. time of Diogenes Laërtius (ix. 17), an encomium on
Bibl. Groec. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet. ; Poeti Epist. the Twelve Gods.
ad Artat. , and Sorani Vila Hippocr. in Hippocr. 3. An elegiac poet of Halicarnassus, a contem-
Opera, vol. iii. p. 770, 850 ; Suid. s. v. 'Itrokpár porary and friend of Callimachus, who wrote an
TIS; Steph. Byz. 8. o. Kws).
epigram on him which is preserved in Diogenes
2. A physician of Tarentum (hence commonly Laërtius (ix. 17 ; comp. Strab. xiv. p. 656).
called Tarentinus), a pupil of Mantias (Galen, De 4. Of Sicyon, the author of a work on stones,
Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. ii. 1, vol. xiii
. p. 462), of which the second book is quoted by Plutarch.
who lived probably in the third or second century (De Fluv. 13. )
B. C. , somewhat later than Apollonius the Empiric 5. A Peripatetic philosopher, who is mentioned
and Glaucias. (Cels. De Med. i. Praef. p. 5. ) He by Plutarch (adv. Colot. p. 1115) as the author of
belonged to the sect of the Empirici (Cels. l. c. ; Ga- a work entitled Zoroaster.
len, De Meth. Med. ii. 7, vol. x. p. 142), and wrote 6. An Academic philosopher of Tyre and a
some works on Materia Medica, which are very fre- friend of Antiochus. He was for many years a
quently quoted by Galen, but of which only a few pupil of Cleitomachus and Philo, and was a philo-
fragments remain. Galen speaks of him in bigh sopher of some reputation. (Cic. Acad. ii. 4. ) Some
terms of praise, saying that he was an author who writers have confounded him with Heracleitus the
could be entirely depended on, as he wrote in his Peripatetic. (Menage, ad Diog. Laërt. ix. 17. )
works only what he had himself found from his 7. The reputed author of a work Περί Απίστων,
own experience to be correct. (De Compos. Medi- which was published from a Vatican MS. with a
cam. sec. Gen. iv. 7, vol. xiii. p. 717. ) He was also Latin translation and some other works of a similar
one of the first persons who wrote a commentary kind by Leo Allatius, Rome, 1641. But the editor
on all the works in the Hippocratic Collection. suspected that the name Heracleitus was a mistake
(Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Humor. ” i. for Heracleides, and thinks it possible that he may
Prooem. 24, vol. xvi. pp. 1, 196. ) He is several be the Heracleides who wrote on the allegories in
times quoted by Caelius Aurelianus and other Homer. This work has been also published by
ancient authors. A further account of his lost Gale in his Op. Mythologica, Cantab. 1671 ; by
works, and his medical opinions so far as they can Teucher, Lemgo, 1796 ; and by Westermann,
be fonnd out, may be found in two essays by C. in his Mythograph. Brunsvig. 1843.
G. Kühn, inserted in the second volume of his 8. A comic poet, whose comedy, entitled Eevi-
Opuscula Academica Medica et Philologica, Lips. św, is referred to by Athenaeus (*. p. 414). Mei-
2 vols. 8vo. 18:27, 1828.
neke (Hist. Crit. Com. Gr. p. 422) thinks that the
3. A physician, mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius name Heracleitus is a mistake for Heracleides, and
(v. 94) as one of the followers of Hicesius, the that, consequently, our comic poet is the same as
head of the Erasistratean school of medicine at the Heracleides who ridiculed Adaeus, a commander
Smyrna, who must therefore probably have lived of mercenaries (under Philip of Macedonia), by
in the first century B. C.
calling him 'AXEKT PÚwv, or the cock. (Athen. xii.
4. Surnamed Erythraeus, a physician of Ery- p. 532; Zenob. Proverb.
such measures he rendered Philip so obnoxious to duct, together with the calumnious insinuations
bis subjects, that the king at length found himself which he directed against Xenophon, when the
obliged to yield to the popular clamour, displaced latter urged with rigour the just claims of his
Heracleides, whom he had not long before em- troops, became the chief cause of the dissensions
ployed in the command of his fleet, and threw him that arose between Seuthes and his Greek merce-
into prison, B. C. 199. Whether he was subo naries. (Xen. Anab. vii. 3, 4, 5, 6. )
sequently put to death we are not informed. (Po- 17. Of Aenus in Thrace, joined with his brother
lyb. xiii. 4,5; Diod. Exc. Vales. xxviii. pp. 572, Python in the assassination of Cotys, king of
573; Polyaen. v. 17. 2; Liv. xxxi. 16, 33, Thrace, B. C. 358, for which piece of good service,
xxxii. 5. )
though prompted by private revenge, they were
13. Of Gyrton in Thessaly, commanded the rewarded by the Athenians with the right of
Thessalian cavalry in the army of Philip at the citizenship, and with crowns of gold. (Dem. c.
battle of Cynoscephalae. (Polyb. xviii. 5. ) Aristocr. p. 659, ed. Reiske; Arist. Pol. v. 10. )
14. Of Byzantium, was sent as ambassador by According to Plutarch (adv. Coloten. 32), they had
Antiochus the Great to the two Scipios immediately both been disciples of Plato. [E. H. B. ]
after they had crossed the Hellespont, B. c. 190. HERACLEIDES ('Hparheldns). 1. Of Cumae,
He was instructed to offer, in the king's name, the the author of a history of Persia (Tlepouká), a por-
cession of Lampsacus, Smyrna, and some other tion of which bore the special title of Tapao Keva-
cities of Ionia and Aeolia, and the payment of otiká, and, to judge from the quotations from it,
half the expenses of the war ; but these offers were contained an account of the mode of life of the
sterly rejected by the Romans: and Heracleides, kings of Persia. (Athen. iv. p. 145, xii. p. 117;
having in vain sought to gain over Scipio Africanus comp. ii. p. 48. ). According to Diogenes Laërtius
by a private negotiation, returned to Antiochus to (v. 94), the Persica consisted of five books.
report the failure of his mission. (Polyb. xxi. 10 2. An historian who, according to Suidas, was a
-12; Liv. xxxvii. 31—36 ; Diod. xxix. Exc. native of Oxyrhinchis in Egypt, while Diogenes
Leg. p. 620; Appian, Syr. 29. )
Laërtius (v. 94) calls him a Callatian, or Alexan-
15. One of the three ambassadors sent by Anti-drian. He lived in the reign of Ptolemy Philo-
ochus Epiphanes to Rome to support his claims on pator, and wrote a great work, entitled iotopías, of
Coele-Syria against Ptolemy Philometor, and de which the thirty-seventh book is quoted (Athen.
fend his conduct in waging war upon him, B. c. iii. p. 98, xiii. p. 578); another, under the title
169. The same three ambassadors seem to have badoxń, in six books (Diog. Laërt. 1. c. ), which
been sent again after Antiochus had been inter- was probably of the same kind, if not identica!
rupted in his career of conquest by the mission of with his επιτομή των Σωτίωνος διαδοχών. (Diog.
Popillius, and compelled to raise the siege of Alex- Laërt. v. 79. ) He further made an abridgement of
andria. (Polyb. xxvii. 17, xxviii. 1, 18. ) It is the biographical work of Satyrus (Diog. Laërt. viii.
not improbable that this Heracleides is the same 40, ix. 25), and wrote a work called AeubeutiRÒS
who is spoken of by Appian (Syr. 45) as one of Loyos, from which he received the nickname of ó
the favourites of Antiochus Epiphanes, by whom seucos. (Diog. Laërt. v. 94 ; Phot. Bibl. Cod. 213. )
he was nppointed to superintend the finances of his He is often called, after his father, Heracleides, the
whole kingdom. After the death of Antiochus, son of Sarapion, and, under this name, Suidas at-
and the establishment of Demetrius Soter upon the tributes to him also philosophical works. It is not
cc 3
## p. 390 (#406) ############################################
390
HERACLEIDES.
HERACLEIDES.
a
impossible that he may be the same as the Hera- | Nóuwe nad Tv Surgery TOÚTois mentioned by
cleides who is mentioned by Eutocius, in his com- Diogenes, though other conjecture that it is the
mentary on Archimedes, as the author of a life of work of another person. It was first printed
that great mathematician.
with Aelian's Variae Historiae, at Rome in 1545,
3. Of Odessus, in Thrace, a Greek historian afterwards at Geneva, 1593, edited bf Cragius, but
mentioned by Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v. 'O&no- the best editions are by Köler, with an introduc-
σός).
tion, notes, and a German translation, Halle, 1804,
4. Of Magnesia, is known only as the author of and by Coraes, in his edition of Aelian, Paris,
a history of Mithridates (Mi@piðatıxá), which is 1005, 8vo. Another extant work, 'Alimyopia:
lost. (Diog. Lacrt. v. 94. )
'Ounpiral, which also bears the name of Hera-
5. A Greek grammarian of Alexandria (Eustath. Cleides, was certainly not written by him. It was
ad Hom. p. 237), who is perhaps the same as the first printed with a Latin translation by Gesner,
one whom Ammonius (De Differ. Verb. s. v. Ota- Basel, 1544, and afterwards with a German trans-
Quar) mentions as a contemporary of his. The lation by Schulthess, Zürich, 1779. We further
same name is often mentioned by Eustathius, and read in Diogenes (on the authority of Aristoxenus,
in the Venetian scholia on the Iliad, in connection sumamed • novoirós, also a scholar of Aristotie),
with grammatical works on Homer, and Ammonius that “ Heracleides made tragedies, and put the
(s. v. vũv) attributes to one Heracleides a work en- name of Thespis to them. ” This sentence has
titled Περί καθολικής προσφδίας. ,
given occasion to a learned disquisition by Bentley
6. A Greek rhetorician of Lycia, who lived in Phalaris, p. 239), to prove that the fragments ai-
the second century of our era. He was a disciple tributed to Thespis are really cited from these
of Herodes Atticus, and taught rhetoric at Smyrna counterfeit tragedies of Heracleides. The genuine
with great success, so that the town was greatly ness of one fragment he disproves by showing that
benefited by him, on account of the great contiux of it contains a sentiment belonging strictly to Plato,
students from all parts of Asia Minor. He owed and which therefore may naturally be attributed to
his success not so much to his talent as to his in- Heracleides. Some childish stories are told about
defatigable industry; and once, when he had com- Heracleides keeping a pet serpent, and ordering
posed an dykulov povov, and showed it to his one of his friends to conceal his body after his
rival Ptolemaeus, the latter struck out the * in death, and place the serpent on the bed, that it
trovov, and, returning it to Heracleides, said, might be supposed that he had been taken to the
There, you may read your own encomium" (ex company of the gods. It is also said, that he killed
Kuulov ovou). He died at the age of eighty, leaving a man who had usurped the tyranny in Heracleia,
a country-house in the neighbourhood of Smyra, and there are other traditions about him, scarcely
which he had built with the money he had earned, worth relating. There was also another Heracleides
and which he called Rhetorica. He also published Ponticus of the same town of Heracleia, a gram-
a purified edition of the orations of Nicetes, forget- marian, who lived at Rome in the reign of the em-
ting, as his biographer says, that he was putting peror Claudius. The titles of many of his works
the armour of a pigmy on a colossus. (Philostr. are mentioned by Diogenes and Suidas. (Vossius,
Vit. Soph. ii. 26, comp. i. 19. )
de Histor. Graec. p. 78, &c. Köler, Fragmenta de
7. A comic poet. (HERACLEITUS. ]
Rebus publicis, Hal. Sax. 1804 ; Roulez, Commen-
8. Of Sinope : under this name we possess a tatio de Vita et Scriptis Heraclidae Pontic. , Lo-
Greek epigram in the Greek Anthology (vii. 329). vanii, 1828; Deswert, Dissertatio de Heraclide
It is not improbable that two other epigrams (vii
. Pont. , Lovanii, 1830. )
[G. E. L. C. ]
281, 465) are likewise his productions, though his HERACLEIDES, artists. 1. A sculptor of
native place is not mentioned there. He seems to Ephesus, the son of Agasias. His name is inscribed,
have been a poet of some celebrity, as Diogenes with that of Harmatius, on the restored statue of
Laërtius (v. 94) mentions him as étiypauuatwr Ares in the Royal Museum at Paris. It cannot
TONTT's diyupós. Diogenes Laërtius (1. c.
) men be said with certainty whether his father, Agasias,
tions fourteen persons of this name. [L. S. ] was the celebrated Ephesian sculptor of that name,
HERACLEIDES ('Hpakleidns), son of Euthy- but it seems probable that he was. (Müller,
phron or Euphron, born at Heracleia, in Pontus, Archäol. d. K'unst. § 175, n. 3, § 372, n. 5;
and said by Suidas to have been descended from Clarac, Description des Antiques du Musée Royal,
Damis, one of those who originally led the colony No. 41], p. 173. )
from Thebes to Heracleia. He was a person of 2. A Macedonian painter, who was at first
considerable wealth, and migrated to Athens, where merely a painter of ships, but afterwards acquired
he became a pupil of Plato, and Suidas says that, some distinction as a painter in encaustic. He
during Plato's absence in Sicily, his school was lived in the time of Persens, after whose fall he
left under the care of Heracleides. He paid at- went to Athens, B. c. 168. (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40.
tention also to the Pythagorean system, and after- SS 30, 42. )
wards attended the instructions of Speusippus, and 3. A Phocian sculptor, of whom nothing more
finally of Aristotle. He appears to have been a is known. (Diog. Laërt. v. 94 )
vain and luxurious man, and 80 fat, that the 4. An architect, in the time of Trajan, who is
Athenians punned on his surname, NovTikós, and known by two inscriptions found in Egypt. (Mu-
turned it into Mounikós. Diogenes Laërtius (v. 86, ratori, p. 478, 3; Letronne, Recueil des Inscript.
&c. ) gives a long list of his writings, from which Grecq. et Latin. de l'Egypte, vol. i. p. 426. ) (P. S. )
it appears that he wrote upon philosophy, mathe HERACLEIDES ('Hparicions), the name of
matics, music, history, politics, grammar, and several ancient Greek physicians. 1. The sixteenth
poetry; but unfortunately almost all these works are in descent from Aesculapius, the son of Hippocrates
lost. There has come down to us a small work, I. , who lived probably in the fifth century B. C.
under the name of Heracleides, entitled tepi lo- He married Phaenarete, or, according to others,
Alterwv, which is perhaps an extract from the Tepi | Praxithea, by whom he had two sons, Sosander
## p. 391 (#407) ############################################
HERACLEITUS.
391
HERACLEITUS.
!
and Hippocrates II. , the most famous of that 2. A lyric poet, by whom there existed, in the
name. (J. . Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist. 165, in Fabric. time of Diogenes Laërtius (ix. 17), an encomium on
Bibl. Groec. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet. ; Poeti Epist. the Twelve Gods.
ad Artat. , and Sorani Vila Hippocr. in Hippocr. 3. An elegiac poet of Halicarnassus, a contem-
Opera, vol. iii. p. 770, 850 ; Suid. s. v. 'Itrokpár porary and friend of Callimachus, who wrote an
TIS; Steph. Byz. 8. o. Kws).
epigram on him which is preserved in Diogenes
2. A physician of Tarentum (hence commonly Laërtius (ix. 17 ; comp. Strab. xiv. p. 656).
called Tarentinus), a pupil of Mantias (Galen, De 4. Of Sicyon, the author of a work on stones,
Compos. Medicam. sec. Gen. ii. 1, vol. xiii
. p. 462), of which the second book is quoted by Plutarch.
who lived probably in the third or second century (De Fluv. 13. )
B. C. , somewhat later than Apollonius the Empiric 5. A Peripatetic philosopher, who is mentioned
and Glaucias. (Cels. De Med. i. Praef. p. 5. ) He by Plutarch (adv. Colot. p. 1115) as the author of
belonged to the sect of the Empirici (Cels. l. c. ; Ga- a work entitled Zoroaster.
len, De Meth. Med. ii. 7, vol. x. p. 142), and wrote 6. An Academic philosopher of Tyre and a
some works on Materia Medica, which are very fre- friend of Antiochus. He was for many years a
quently quoted by Galen, but of which only a few pupil of Cleitomachus and Philo, and was a philo-
fragments remain. Galen speaks of him in bigh sopher of some reputation. (Cic. Acad. ii. 4. ) Some
terms of praise, saying that he was an author who writers have confounded him with Heracleitus the
could be entirely depended on, as he wrote in his Peripatetic. (Menage, ad Diog. Laërt. ix. 17. )
works only what he had himself found from his 7. The reputed author of a work Περί Απίστων,
own experience to be correct. (De Compos. Medi- which was published from a Vatican MS. with a
cam. sec. Gen. iv. 7, vol. xiii. p. 717. ) He was also Latin translation and some other works of a similar
one of the first persons who wrote a commentary kind by Leo Allatius, Rome, 1641. But the editor
on all the works in the Hippocratic Collection. suspected that the name Heracleitus was a mistake
(Galen, Comment. in Hippocr. “ De Humor. ” i. for Heracleides, and thinks it possible that he may
Prooem. 24, vol. xvi. pp. 1, 196. ) He is several be the Heracleides who wrote on the allegories in
times quoted by Caelius Aurelianus and other Homer. This work has been also published by
ancient authors. A further account of his lost Gale in his Op. Mythologica, Cantab. 1671 ; by
works, and his medical opinions so far as they can Teucher, Lemgo, 1796 ; and by Westermann,
be fonnd out, may be found in two essays by C. in his Mythograph. Brunsvig. 1843.
G. Kühn, inserted in the second volume of his 8. A comic poet, whose comedy, entitled Eevi-
Opuscula Academica Medica et Philologica, Lips. św, is referred to by Athenaeus (*. p. 414). Mei-
2 vols. 8vo. 18:27, 1828.
neke (Hist. Crit. Com. Gr. p. 422) thinks that the
3. A physician, mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius name Heracleitus is a mistake for Heracleides, and
(v. 94) as one of the followers of Hicesius, the that, consequently, our comic poet is the same as
head of the Erasistratean school of medicine at the Heracleides who ridiculed Adaeus, a commander
Smyrna, who must therefore probably have lived of mercenaries (under Philip of Macedonia), by
in the first century B. C.
calling him 'AXEKT PÚwv, or the cock. (Athen. xii.
4. Surnamed Erythraeus, a physician of Ery- p. 532; Zenob. Proverb.
