No More Learning

vol. i. p. 119. )
mins. Alexander ordered them to be crucified. It
2. An ancient Theban lyric poet, the son of has been conjectured that the name Musicanus
Thamyra and Philammon, who, according to means the khan or rajah of Moosh ; but Thirlwall
Suidas (s. v. ), lived considerably before the Trojan (llistory of Greece, vol. vii. p. 48) doubis whether
the title khan was in usc in the tinc of Alexander
3. An epic poet, a native of Ephesus, who lived on the lower Indus. Curtius gives the name Mu-
probably about the middle of the second century sicani to the people. (Arrian, vi. 15–17; Curt.
3. C. According to Suidas, he wrote a poem cn- ix. 8. )
(C. P. M. ]
titled neponts, in ten books, dedicated to Eumenes MUSONIANUS, a native of Antioch, an
and Attalus. What Suidas means by the expres- officer under the cmperor Constantine the Great
sion, των εις τους Περγαμηνους και αυτός κύκλους, and his successors. llis first name was Strategus.
it is not easy to say.
He was an eloquent speaker both in Greek and
4. A grammarian, the author of the celebrated Latin, and first acquired the favour of Constantine
poem on the loves of Hero and Leander. Nothing by acquiring for him an acquaintance with the
is known of his personal history ; and the elder doctrines of the Manichaeans and other sectaries.
Scaliger even supposed that the poem was the work Pleased with his diligence, the emperor gave him
of the ancient Athenian bard. But in many of the name of Musonianus, and promoted his ad-
the manuscripts the author is distinctly called vancement in office. (Amm. Marc. xv. 13. ) lle
Musaeus the grammarian; and it is now agreed on is well spoken of in other respects, but is charged
all hands that the poem is quite a late production. with avarice and the love of being flattered. He
According to Schrader and other critics the author supported the Arian party, and under the Arian
did not live earlier than the fifth century of our emperor, Constantius, attained the rank of prae-
era The general style is quite different from the fectus praetorio Orientis, which lie held from a. D.
simplicity of the older poets, and several individual 354 to 358. He was employed to punish a sedi-
expressions betray the lateness of its origin. The tion at Antioch, in a. D. 35+. According to Li-
poem was first discovered in the thirteenth century. banius, he obeyed the emperor's orders, to act with
Numerous editions of it have been published. The moderation ; but Ammianus (l. c. ) charges him
first, with a Latin version by Marcus Musurus, with cruelty to some poor people who were inno-
without any indication of the date or place. Of cent, and letting the guilty rich escape, on their
the rest may be mentioned those by K romayer, paying him heavy sums for his own advantage. In
Halae Magd. 1721 ; by Schrader, 1742 ; by Hein- 355, he was too much employed in pillaging the
rich, 1793 ; by Passow, Leipzig, 1810; and by country to defend it against the Persians, with
Schaefer, Leipzig 1825. There are several trans- whom he sought in vain to conclude a peace.
lations of the poem. In English, by Marlowe, Nothing more is known of him. (Liban. Epist. pas-
Stapylton, Stirling, &c. ; in German, by Stollberg, sim ; Amm. Marc. I. cc. and xvi. 9, xvii. 5; Tille-
Passow, &c. ; in French, by Marot, &c. ; in Italian, mont, Hist. des Empereurs, vol. iv. ) [J. C. M. ]
by Bernardo Tasso, Bettoni, &c. [C. P. M. ]
MUSO'NIUS RUFUS. [Rufus. ]
MUSA'GETES. (MUSAE. )
MUSSI'DIA GENS, only occurs on coins, with
MUSCA, a surname of the Sempronia gens. the cognomen Longus. A specimen of these coins
1. T. SEMPRONIUS Musca, one of the five com- is given under LONGUS.
missioners appointed in B. c. 168 to settle the dis- MUSTE'LA, was a person with whom Cicero,
putes between the Pisani and Lunenses. (Liv. in B. c. 46, had some negotiations respecting the
xlv. 13. )
purchase of the Villa Clodiana (ad Ali. xii. 5, 44,
2, 3. A. SEMPRONIUS and M. SEMPRONIUS, 47, xiii. 3)
[W. B. D. ]
his brother, bore undoubtedly the surname of MUSTELA,TAMI'SIUS, a native of Anagnia
Musca, since it is related that when they embraced in the Hernican territory, was one of M. Antony's
a certain Vargula in their canvass, the latter called retainers in B. C. 44—3. (Cic. Phil. ii. 4, v. 6,
out Puer abige Muscas. (Cic. de Orat. ii. 60. ) viii. 9, xii. 6, xiii. 2, ad Att. xvi. 11. ) [W. B. D. ]
4. SEMPRONIUS Musca, detected C. Gallius in MU'STIUS, was a Roman eques and revenue-
the act of adultery with his wife, and scourged him farmer, about the time of the praetorship of Verres,
to death. (Val. Max. vi. 1. $ 13. )
B. C. 75, who defrauded M. Junius, a ward and
5. Musca, mentioned by Cicero in B. C. 45, stepson of Mustius. He was once defended by
appears to have been a freedman or steward of Cicero, but the speech is lost and its occasion un-
Atticus. (Cic. ad Att. xii. 40. )
known. · (Cic. in Verr. i. 51, 52 ; Pseud-Ascon.
MUSICA'NUS, the ruler of a kingdom on the in Act. II. Verrian. p. 195, ed. Orelli. ) [W. B. D. ]
banks of the Indus, the capital of which was pro- MU'STIUS, an architect, and a friend of the
bably near Bukkur. On the sudden approach of younger Pliny. (Ep. ix. 39. ) [P. S. ]
Alexander (B. C. 325) Musicanus, who had hitherto MUTIANUS (NUCIANUS. ]
sent no tokens of submission to Alexander, being MU'TILUS, C. PAPIUS, one of the principal
dismayed by his sudden appearance, hastened to Samnite generals in the Marsic or Social war, 2. c.
meet him with humble acknowledgements of his 90–89. At the head of the greater part of the
fault and rich presents. He was graciously re- Samnite forces. he invaded Campania, took several
ceived by Alexander, who allowed him to retain of its towns, and obliged almost all the rest to sur-
his kingdom, with the fertility and opulence of render to him ; but having made an attack upon the
which he was greatly struck. But when Alex. camp of the consul, Sex. Caesar, he was repulsed
ander marched westwards to attack Porticanus / with a loss of 6000 men, B. c. 90. In the following
4 0 4


## p. 1128 (#1144) ##########################################

1128
MUTINES.
MYCERINUS.
Rete
Coel
(ile
)
the
(PI
kin
IL
fo
CA
CO
t
C
1
}
year he had to resist Sulla, who had penetrated ceeded Marcellus in the command, seems to have
into Samnium, but he experienced a total defeat, been wholly unable to repress these sallies ; but
was badly wounded in the engagement, and fled the envy and jealousy of the Carthaginian general
with a few troops to Aesernia. (Appian, B. C. i. at length effected what the Romiin arins could not,
40, 42, 51; Oros. v. 18; Vell. Pat. ii. 16; Diod. and Hanno having been prompted by these base
xxxvii. Ed. 1. ) The name of this Samnite leader motives to the dangerous step of superseding Mu-
is given differently ; but C. Papius Mutilus seems tines in his command, the latter, fired with resent-
to have been his real name.
Orosius calls him ment at the indignity, immediately entered into
Papius Mutilus; Velleius terms him Papius Muti communication with the Romans, and betrayed
lius ; and Appian styles him in two passages (i. Agrigentum into the hands of Laevinus. (Liv. xxvi.
40, 42) C. Papius, and in the third (i. 51) Motilus, 21, 40; Zonar. ix. 7. ) For this service he was re-
who is evidently the same person as the one he had warded with the rights of a Roman citizen, in addi-
previously called C. Papius. Diodorus names him tion to other honours. (Liv. xxvii. 5. ) [E. H. B. ]
C. Aponius Motulus (Mótulos). The name Mu- MU'TIUS, a Roman architect of very great
tilus has been conjectured by a recent writer to be skill, who flourished in the first century B. C. , and
the same as Metellus, but there is no certainty on built the temple Honoris et Virtutis Murianae.
this point. (Comp. Prosper Mériméc, E'tudes sur (Vitruv. rii. Praef. $ 17. )
[P. S. ]
l'Ilistoire Romuine, vol. i. pp. 137, 138, Paris, MUTO or MUTTO, Q. was a man of the
1844. )
lowest rank, who was prosecuted by L. Laelius.
Appian relates (B. C. iv. 25), in his account of (Cic. pro Scaur. 2, pro Fundan. Fr. i. p. 445, of
the proscription of B. C. 43, that there was one the fourth volume of Orelli's Cicero. ) (W. B. D. ]
Statius proscribed who had distinguished himself MUTUNUS or MUTINUS, that is, the
greatly as a leader of the Samnites in the Social phallus, or Priapus, which was believed to be the
war, and who had afterwards been admitted into most powerful averter of demons, and of all evil
the Roman senate on account of the renown of his that resulted from pride and boastfulness, and the
exploits, his wealth, and his noble birth. He was like. The name is probably connected with
then eighty years of age, and his name was put | μυττός οΓ μύτης, i. e. o προς τα αφροδίσια έκλε-
down on the fatal list on account of his wealth. Avuévos. Mutunus is usually mentioned with the
Now, as there is no one known in the Social war surname Tutunus or Tutinus, winich seems to be
of the name of Statius, Wesseling conjectured (ad connected with the verb tucri. A public Mutunus,
Diod. I. c. ) that we ought to read Papius instead ; that is, the one who averted evil from the city of
and this correction has been generally received by Rome and the republic, had a sanctuary in the
subsequent writers. The principal objection to it, upper part of Velia, which existed there down to
however, is that Livy speaks (Epit. 89) of the the time of Augustus, when it was removed out-
death of a Mutilus in the proscription of Sulla ; and side the city. (Arob. adv. Gent. iv. 7; August.
from the prominence given to the death of this De Civ. Dei, iv. 11; Lactant. i. 20; Tertull. Apol.
person in the Epitome, it would almost appear as 25; Fest. p. 154, ed. Müller. )
[L. S. )
if he intended the great Samnite leader. (Comp. MYAGRUS, a Phocaean, is mentioned by
Prosper Mérimée, Ibid. vol. i. p. 325. )
Pliny among those statuaries who made athletas et
MU'TILUS, PA'PIUS, a flatterer of Tiberius, armatos et renatores sacrificantesque (H. N. xxxiv. 8.
proposed in the senate, a. d. 16, that the 13th of s. 19. § 34), and by Vitruvius as one of those ar-
September - the day on which Scribonius Libo tists who failed to attain to eminence, not for the
Drusus destroyed himself--should be observed as a want of industry and skill, but of good fortune
public holiday, and that offerings should be made (iii. Praef. § 2).
[P. S. ]
at the shrines of Jupiter, Mars, and Concordia. MYCALE'SIDES (Mukaanoides), the moun-
(Tac. Ann. ii. 32. )
tain nymphs of Mycale. (Callim. Hymn. in Del.
MU'TINES ( Mourivas, Polybius calls him MUT- 50; Paus. vii. 4. § 1. )
[L. S. ]
Tóvas), an African by birth,
belonging to the half- MYCALE’SSIA (Mukaa nooia), a surname of
caste race called the Lybio-Phoenicians. He was Demeter, derived from Mycalessus in Boeotia,
brought up and trained in war under the eye of where the goddess had a sanctuary. (Paus. ix.
Hannibal, and having given frequent proofs of his 19. $ 4. )
[L. S. ]
ability and activity as an officer, was selected by MYCE'NE (Mukyun), a daughter of Inachus
that general to take the command in Sicily after and wife of Arestor, from whom the town of
the death of Hippocrates. He accordingly joined Mycenae or Mycene was believed to have derived
Epicydes and Hanno at Agrigentum before the its name. (Hom. Od. ii. 120; Paus. ii. 16.
close of the year B. c. 212, and being placed at the $ 3. )
(L. S. )
head of the Numidian cavalry, quickly spread his MYCERI'NUS, or MECHERI'NUS (Muke-
ravages through great part of the island. Marcellus pavos, Mexepivos), was son of Cheops, king of
was now compelled to turn his arms against this Egypt, according to Herodotus and Diodorus, and
new enemy, and advanced as far as the river succeeded his uncle Chephren on the throne. His
Himera, where he sustained a severe check from conduct formed a strong contrast to that of his
the cavalry of Mutines ; but shortly after the jca- father and uncle, being as mild and just as
lousy of Hanno and Epicydes prompted them to theirs had been tyrannical. On the death of his
give battle during a temporary absence of the Nu daughter, he placed her corpse within the hollow
midian leader, and they were totally defeated. body of a wooden cow, which was covered with
(Polyb. ix. 22 ; Liv. xxv. 40, 41. ) But even gold. Herodotus tells us that it was still to be
after this blow Mutines was soon able to resume seen at Saïs in his time. We further hear of Mv-
the offensive, and, instead of shutting himself up cerinus that, being wamed by an oracle that he
within the walls of Agrigentum, carried his daring should die at the end of six years, because he had
and destructive excursions into every part of the been a gentle ruler and had not wreaked the ven-
island. Laevinus, the new consul, who ad stic- geance of the gods on Egypi, he gave himself up to


## p. 1129 (#1145) ##########################################

CERINCS
1139
MYNISCUS.
MYRO.
the command, kes to be
to repress them ;
r of the Carthanal
a: the Roman 175
een prompied by the best
ous step of speciellt
the latter, fed repe
To let hier ecs
Le Rans, and be
ands of Latin LLC
For this wenig bear
sofa Roran atre, ci
Lir. III. ] (
an architect of very
I be first certart RC. 3:
1998 Piniatu Nonaz
7. ) 12. 3
0, Q. was a mas o B
prosecuted by L Les
o Fondüz Fr, in der
ali's Can. ) WRD
'CTIVIS, 5a: * *
ich was beleredes best
of demons, and of als
and beste. Des 21 >
xobai'r cand
i tpos id esmaga ech
want mentired or
unts, which serayu
ari. A poti Visi
ed en frun the
had a sanctul a
i existed there 0173
0 it as reacred
dr. Gerd is. 1; 1925
911 20; Terte. 19%
er. )
revelry, and strove to double his allotted time by | The Myniscus who was ridiculed by Plato was
turning night into day. He built a pyramid also, perhaps his grandson. (Athen. viii. p. 314,
or rather began to build it, but died before it was d. e. ; Meineke, Frugmenta loët. Com. vol. ii. p.
finished. It was smaller than those of Cheops and 668. )
[C. P. M. ]
Chephren, and, according to Blerodotus, was wrongly MYNNIO (Minio, No. 2. )
ascribed by some to the Greek hetaera Rhodopis. MYREPSUS, NICOLAUS. [Nicolaus. )
(Ilerod. ii. 129–131 ; Diod. i. 64 ; Ath. x. p. 438, MYRINA (Múpiva). 1. A daughter of Cre-
b. )
(E. E.