Mül- ATALANTÉ ('Atanávan), the sister of Per-
ler, on the other hand, who maintains the identity diccas, married Attalus, and was murdered a few
of the two Atalantes, has endeavoured to shew days after her brother, Perdiccas.
ler, on the other hand, who maintains the identity diccas, married Attalus, and was murdered a few
of the two Atalantes, has endeavoured to shew days after her brother, Perdiccas.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
M.
] mother of Eurypylus.
Three other mythical per-
ASTYDÁMEIA ('Aotudáuera), a daughter of sonages of this name occur in Apollod. iii. 12. $ 2,
Amyntor, king of the Dolopians in Thessaly, by u. 5. $ 6 ; Hygin. Fab. 117.
(L. S. ]
Cleobule. She became by Heracles the mother of ASTY'OCHUS ('Aotúoxos), succeeded Melan-
Tlepolemus. (Pind. Ol. vii. 24, with the Schol. ) cridas as Lacedaemonian high admiral, in the sum-
Other accounts differ from Pindar, for Hyginus mer of 412, B. C. , the year after the Syracusan
(Fab. 162) calls the mother of Tlepolemus As- defeat, and arrived with four ships at Chios, late
tyoche, and Apollodorus (ii. 7. $ 8) calls the son in the summer. (Thuc. viii. 20, 23. ) Lesbos
of Astydameia Ctesippus. (Comp. Muncker, ad was now the seat of the contest : and his arrival
Hygin. l. c. ) The Astydameia mentioned under was followed by the recovery to the Athenians of
ACAstus and ANTIGONE, No. 2, is a different the whole island. (Ib. 23. ) Astyochus was
personage.
(L. S. ] eager for a second attempt; but compelled, by the
A'STYLUS, a seer among the centaurs, who is refusal of the Chians and their Spartan captain,
mentioned by Ovid (Met. xii. 308) as dissuading Pedaritus, to forego it, he proceeded, with many
the centaurs from fighting against the Lapithae. threats of revenge, to take the general command at
But the name in Ovid seems to be a mistake either Miletus. (31—33. ) Here he renewed the Persian
of the poet himself or of the transcribers for Asbolus. treaty, and remained, notwithstanding the entrea-
(Hes. Scut. Herc. 185; ASBOLUS. ) [L. S. ] ties of Chios, then hard pressed by the Athenians,
ASTYME'DES ('Aotuunāns), a Rhodian of wholly inactive. He was at last starting to re-
distinction. On the breaking out of the war believe it, when he was called off, about mid-winter,
tween the Romans and Perseus (B. c. 171), he to join a fleet from home, bringing, in consequence
advised his countrymen to side with the former. of complaints from Pedaritus, commissioners to ex-
(Polyb. xxvii. 6. $ 3. ) After the war, when the amine his proceedings. Before this (ěTI DVTA TÓTE
Rhodians were threatened with hostilities by the epi Mantov, cc. 36—42), Astyochus it appears
Romans, Astymedes was sent as ambassador to had sold himself to the Persian interest. He bad
Rome to deprecate their anger. The tenour of his received, perhaps on first coming to Miletus, orders
speech on the occasion is censured by Polybius. from home to put Alcibiades to death ; but finding
(xxx. 4,5; Liv. xlv. 21-25. ) Three years after him in refuge with the satrap Tissaphernes, he not
wards, he was again sent as ambassador to Rome, only gave up all thought of the attempt, but on re-
and succeeded in bringing about an alliance beceiving private intelligence of his Athenian negotia-
tween the Romans and his countrymen. (Polyb. tions, went up to Magnesia, betrayed Phrynichus
xxxi. 6, 7. ) In B. c. 153, on the occasion of the his informant to Alcibiades, and there, it would
a
## p. 391 (#411) ############################################
ATALANTE.
391
ATAULPHUS.
a
seem, pledged himself to the satrap. (cc. 45 and 50. ) | had grown up, she lived in pure maidenhood, slev
Henceforward, in pursuance of his patron's policy, the centaurs who pursued her, took part in the
his efforts were employed in keeping his large Calydonian hunt, and in the games which were
forces inactive, and inducing submission to the re- celebrated in honour of Pelias. Afterwards, her
duction in their Persian pay. The acquisition of father recognized her as his daughter; and when
Rhodes, after his junction with the new feet, he he desired her to marry, she made it the conditior.
had probably little to do with; while to him, that every suitor who wanted to win her, should
must, no doubt, be ascribed the neglect of the first of all contend with her in the foot-race. If
opportunities afforded by the Athenian dissensions, he conquered her, he was to be rewarded with her
after his return to Miletus (cc. 60 and 63), 411 B. c. hand, if not, he was to be put to death by hier.
The discontent of the troops, especially of the This she did because she was the most swift-footed
Syracusans, was great, and broke out at last in a among all mortals, and because the Delphic oracle
riot
, where his life was endangered ; shortly after had cautioned her against marriage. Meilanion,
which his successor Mindarus arrived, and Asty-one of her suitors, conquered her in this manner.
ochus sailed home (cc. 84, 85), after a command of Aphrodite had given him three golden apples, and
about eight months. Upon his return to Sparta during the race he dropped them one after the
he bore testimony to the truth of the charges other. Their beauty charmed Atalante so much,
which Hermocrates, the Syracusan, brought against that she could not abstain from gathering them.
Tissaphernes. (Xen. Hell
. i. 1. $ 31. ) (A. #. C. ) Thus she was conquered, and became the wife of
ASTYPALAEA ('ACTUmanala), a daughter of Meilanion. Once when the two, by their embraces
Phoenix and Perimede, the daughter of Oeneus. in the sacred grove of Zeus, profaned the sanctity
She was a sister of Europa, and became by Posei- of the place, they were both metamorphosed into
don the mother of the Argonaut Ancaeus and of lions. Hyginus adds, that Atalante was by Ares
Eurypylus, king of the island of Cos. The island the mother of Parthenopaeus, though, according to
Astypalaea among the Cyclades derived its name others, Parthenopaeus was her son by Meilanion.
from her. (Apollod. ii. 7. § 1; Paus. vii. 4. & 2; (Apollod. iii. 9. & 2; Serv. ad Aen. iii. 313; Athen.
Apollod. Rhod. ii. 866; Steph. Byz. s. v. ) (L. S. ) iii. p. 82. )
A'SYCHIS ("Aouxis), a king of Egypt, who, 2. The Boeotian Atalante. About her the same
according to the account in Herodotus (ii. 136), stories are related as about the Arcadian Atalante,
succeeded Mycerinus (about B. c. 1012 according except that her parentage and the localities are
to Larcher's calculation), and built the propy- described differently. Thus she is said to have
laea on the east side of the temple of Hephaestus been a daughter of Schoenus, and to have been
which had been begun by Menes, and also a married to Hippomenes. Her footrace is trans-
pyramid of brick. Herodotus likewise mentions ferred to the Boeotian Onchestus, and the sanc-
some laws of his for the regulation of money tuary which the newly married couple profaned by
transactions.
[C. P. M. ] their love, was a temple of Cybele, who metamor-
ATABY'RIUS ('Atabúplos), a surname of Zeus phoed them into Lions, and yoked them to her
derived from mount Atabyris or Atabyrion in the chariot. (Ov. Met. x. 565, &c. , viii. 318, &c. ;
island of Rhodes, where the Cretan Althaemenes Hygin. Fab. 185. ) In both traditions the main
was said to have built a temple to him. (Apollod. cause of the metamorphosis is, that the husband of
iii. 2. § 1; Appian, Milhrid. 26. ) Upon this moun- Atalante neglected to thank Aphrodite for the gift
tain there were, it is said, brazen bulls which of the golden apples. Atalante has in the ancient
roared when anything extraordinary was going to poets various surnames or epithets, which refer
happen. (Schol. ad Pind. Ol. vii. 159. ) (L. S. ) partly to her descent, partly to her occupation (the
ATALANTE ('Atanáytn). In ancient mytho chase), and partly to her swiftness. She was re-
logy there occur two personages of this name, who presented on the chest of Cypselus holding a hind,
have been regarded by some writers as identical, and by her side stood Meilanion. She also ap-
while others distinguish between them. , Among peared in the pediment of the temple of Athena
the latter we may mention the Scholiast on Theo- Alea at Tegea among the Calydonian hunters
critus (iii. 40), Burmann (ad Ov. Met. x. 565), (Paus. v. 19. § l, viii. 45. § 4; Comp. Müller,
Spanheim (ad Callimach. p. 275, &c. ), and Munc- Orchom. p. 214. )
(L. S. ]
ker (ad. Hygin. Fab. 99, 173, 185). " K. 0.
Mül- ATALANTÉ ('Atanávan), the sister of Per-
ler, on the other hand, who maintains the identity diccas, married Attalus, and was murdered a few
of the two Atalantes, has endeavoured to shew days after her brother, Perdiccas. (Diod. xviii.
that the distinction cannot be carried out satisfac- 37. )
torily. But the difficulties are equally great in ÁTA'RRHIAS ('Atappias), mentioned several
either case. The common accounts distinguish times by Q. Curtius (v. 2, vü. 1, viii 1), with a
between the Arcadian and the Boeotian Atalante. slight variation in the orthography of the name,
1. The Arcadian Atalante is described as the in the wars of Alexander the Great, appears to
daughter of Jasus (Jasion or Jasius) and Clymene. have been the same who was sent by Cassander
(Aelian, V. H. xiii. 1; Hygin. Fal. 99; Callim. with a part of the army to oppose Aeacides, king
Hymn. in Dian. 216. ) Her father, who had wished of Epeirus, in B. c. 317. (Diod. xix. 36. )
for a son, was disappointed at her birth, and ex- ATAULPHUS, ATHAULPHUS, ADAUL-
posed ber on the Parthenian (virgin) hill, by the PHUS (i. e. Atha-ulf, sworn hielper,” the same
side of a well and at the entrance of a cave. Pau- name as that which appears in later history under
sanias (iii. 24. & 2) speaks of a spring near the the form of Adolf or Adolphus), brother of Alaric's
ruins of Cyphanta, which gushed forth from a rock, wife. (Olympiod. ap. Phot. Cod. 80, p. 57, a. , ed
and which Atalante was believed to have called Bekk. ) He first appears as conducting a reinforce-
forth by striking the rock with her spear. In her ment of Goths and Huns to aid Alaric in Italy
infancy, Atalante was suckled in the wilderness by after the termination of the first siege of Rome.
a she-bear, the symbol of Artemis, and after she (A. D. 409. ) In the same year he was after the
1
## p. 392 (#412) ############################################
392
ATAULPIIUS.
ATERIUS.
;
second siege raised by the mock emperor Attalus to his cnstom, he was looking at his staliles.
to the office of Count of the Domestics; and on (Olympiod. p. 60, a. ) His first wife was a Sarmatian,
the death of Alaric in 410, he was elected to sup who was divorced to make way for Placidia (Phi-
ply his place as king of the Visigoths. (Jornandes, lostorg. xii. 4), and by whom he had six children
de Reb. Get. 32. ) From this time the accounts of The only offspring of his second marriage was a
Jis history vary exceedingly. The only undisputed son, Theodosius, who died in infancy. (Olympiod.
facts are, that he retired with his nation into the p. 59, b. )
[A. P. S. )
south of Gaul,- that he married Placidia, sister of ATE (Atn), according to Hesiod (Theog. 230),
Honorius, - and that he finally withdrew into a daughter of Eris, and according to Homer (N.
Spain, where he was murdered at Barcelona. Ac- xix. 91) of Zeus, was an ancient Greck divinity,
cording to Jornandes (de Reb. Gct. 32), he took who led both gods and men to rash and inconside
Rome a second time after Alaric's death, carried off rate actions and to suffering. She once even in-
Placidia, formed a treaty with Honorius, which was duced Zeus, at the birth of Heracles, to take an
cemented by his marriage with Placidia at Forum oath by which Hera was afterwards enabled to
Livii or Cornelii, remained a faithful ally in Gaul, give to Eurystheus the power which bad been
and went into Spain for the purpose of suppressing destined for Heracles. When Zeus discovered his
the agitations of the Suevi and Vandals against rashness, he hurled Ate from Olympus and banished
the empire. But the other authorities for the her for ever from the abodes of the gods. (Ilom.
time agree on the whole in giving a different re- I. xix. 126, &c. ) In the tragic writers Ate
presentation. According to them, the capture of appears in a different light: she avenges evil deeds
Placidia had taken place before Alaric's death and inflicts just punislıments upon the offenders
(Philostorg. xii. 4; Olympiod. I. c. ; Marcellin. and their posterity (Aeschyl. Chocph. 381), so that
Chronicon); the treaty with the empire was not her character here is almost the same as that of
concluded till after Ataulphus's retreat into Gaul, Nemesis and Erinnys. She appears most promi-
where he was implicated in the insurrection of nent in the dramas of Aeschylus, and least in
Jovinus, and set up Attalus, whom he detained in those of Euripides, with whom the idea of Dike
his camp for a musician, as a rival emperor; he (justice) is more fully developed. (Blümner,
then endeavoured to make peace with Honorius Ueber die Idee des Schicksals, fic. p. 64, &c. ) (L. S. ]
by sending him the head of the usurper Sebastian, ATEIUS, surnamed Praetextatus, and also
and by offering to give up Placidia in exchange Philologus, the latter of which surnames he assumed
for a gift of corn ; on this being refused, he at- in order to indicate his great learning, was born at
tacked Massilia, from which he was repulsed by Athens, and was one of the most celebrated gram-
Bonifacius; finally, the marriage with Placidia marians at Rome, in the latter half of the first
took place at Narbo (Idat. Chronicon), which so century B. C. He was a freedman, and was per-
exasperated her lover, the general Constantins, haps originally a slave of the jurist Ateius Capito,
as to make him drive Átaulphus into Spain. (Oro by whom he was characterized as a rhetorician
sius, vii. 43; Idat. Chronicon; Philostorg. xii. 4. ) among grammarians, and a grammarian among
He was remarkable as being the first indepen- rhetoricians.
He taught many
the Roman
dent chief who entered into alliance with Rome, nobles, and was particularly intimate with the
not for pay, but from respect. His original ambi- historian Sallust, and with Asinius Pollio. For
tion had been (according to Orosius, vii. 43, who the former he drew up an abstract of Roman his-
appears to record his very words), " that what tory (Breviarium rerum omnium Romanarum ),
was now Romania should become Gothia, and that Sallust might select from it for his history
what Caesar Augustus was now, that for the such subjects as he chose ; and for the latter he
future should be Ataulphus, but that his experience compiled precepts on the art of writing. Asinius
of the evils of lawlessness and the advantages of Pollio believed that Ateius collected for Sallust
law had changed his intention, and that his many of the peculiar expressions which we find
highest glory now would be to be known in after in his writings, but this is expressly denied by
ages as the defender of the empire. " And thus Suetonius. The commentarii of Ateius were ex-
his marriage with Placidia -- the first contracted ceedingly numerous, but only a very few were ex-
between a barbarian chief and a Roman princess-- tant even in the time of Suetonius. (Sueton. de
was looked upon by his contemporaries as a marked Illustr. Grammat. 10; comp. Osann, Analecta Cri
epoch, and as the fulfilment of the prophecy of tic. p. 64, &c. ; Madrig, Opuscula Academica, p.
Daniel, that the king of the North should wed the 97, dc. )
daughter of the king of the South. (Idat. Chro- ATEIUS CA'PITO. (CAPITO. ]
22. com. )
ATEIUS SANCTUS. (SANCTUS. ]
He was a man of striking personal appearance, ATERIANUS, JUʻLIUS, wrote a work upon
end of middle stature. (Jornandes, de Reb. Get the Thirty Tyrants (A. D. 259–268), or at least
32. ) The details of his life are best given in upon one of them, Victorinus. Trebellius Pollio
Olympiodorus (ap. Phot. ), who gives a curious de- (Trig. Tur. 6) gives an extract from his work.
scription of the scene of his nuptials with Placidia A. ATE'RNIUS or ATE'RIUS consul B. C.
in the house of Ingenuus of Narbo (p. 59, b. ed. 454, with Sp. Tarpeius. (Liv. ii. 31. ) The con-
Bekker).
sulship is memorable for the passing of the Ler
His death is variously ascribed to the personal Aternia Tarpeia. (Dict, of Ant. s. 2. ) Aternius
anger of the assassin Vernulf or (Olympiod. p. 60, was subsequently in B. C. 448, one of the patrician
a. ) Dobbius (Jornandes, de Rel. Get. 32), to the in- tribunes of the people, which was the only time
trigues of Constantius (Philostorg. xii. 4), and to that patricians were elected to that office. (Liv.
a conspiracy occasioned in the camp by his having iii. 65. )
put to death a rival chief, Sarus (Olympiod. p. 58, ATÉ'RIUS, or HATE’RIUS, a Roman juris-
b. ) It is said to have taken place in the palace at consult, who was probably contemporary with
Barcelona (Idat. Chronicon), or whilst, according Cicero, and gave occasion to one of that great ora-
.
## p. 393 (#413) ############################################
ATHIANADAS.
393
ATHANASIUS.
a
tor's puns. Cicero writes to L. Papirius Paetus (ad ATHANARI'CUS, the son of Rhotestus, was
l'um. ix. 18), Tu istic te Ateriano jure delectato: king, or according to Ammianus Marcellinus
cgo me hic Hirtiano. " While you are amusing (xxvii. 5), “ judex ” of the West Goths during
yourself with the law (jus) of Aterius, let me en- their stay in Dacia. His name became first known
joy my pea-fowl here with the capital sauce (jus) in a. d. 367, when the Goths werc attacked by the
of my friend Hirtius,"
(J. T. G. ) emperor Valens, who first encamped near Daphne,
A’THAMAS ('Adápas), a son of Aeolus and a fort on the Danube, from whence, after having
Enarete, the daughter of Deimachus. He was laid a bridge of boats over this river, he entered
thus a brother of Cretheus, Sisyphus, Salmoneus, Dacia. The Goths retired and the emperor re-
&c. (Apollod. i. 7. & 3. ) At the command of treated likewise after having performed but little.
Hera, Athainas married Nephele, by whom he be- He intended a new campaign, but the swollen
came the father of Phrixus and Helle. But he waters of the Danube inundated the surrounding
was secretly in love with the mortal Ino, the country, and Valens took up his winter quarters
daughter of Cadmus, by whom he begot Lear- at Marcianopolis in Moesia. In 369, however, he
chus and Melicertes, and Nephele, on discovering crossed the Danube a second time, at Noviodunum
that Ino had a greater hold on his affections than in Moesia Inferior, and defeated Athanaric who
herself, disappeared in her anger.
ASTYDÁMEIA ('Aotudáuera), a daughter of sonages of this name occur in Apollod. iii. 12. $ 2,
Amyntor, king of the Dolopians in Thessaly, by u. 5. $ 6 ; Hygin. Fab. 117.
(L. S. ]
Cleobule. She became by Heracles the mother of ASTY'OCHUS ('Aotúoxos), succeeded Melan-
Tlepolemus. (Pind. Ol. vii. 24, with the Schol. ) cridas as Lacedaemonian high admiral, in the sum-
Other accounts differ from Pindar, for Hyginus mer of 412, B. C. , the year after the Syracusan
(Fab. 162) calls the mother of Tlepolemus As- defeat, and arrived with four ships at Chios, late
tyoche, and Apollodorus (ii. 7. $ 8) calls the son in the summer. (Thuc. viii. 20, 23. ) Lesbos
of Astydameia Ctesippus. (Comp. Muncker, ad was now the seat of the contest : and his arrival
Hygin. l. c. ) The Astydameia mentioned under was followed by the recovery to the Athenians of
ACAstus and ANTIGONE, No. 2, is a different the whole island. (Ib. 23. ) Astyochus was
personage.
(L. S. ] eager for a second attempt; but compelled, by the
A'STYLUS, a seer among the centaurs, who is refusal of the Chians and their Spartan captain,
mentioned by Ovid (Met. xii. 308) as dissuading Pedaritus, to forego it, he proceeded, with many
the centaurs from fighting against the Lapithae. threats of revenge, to take the general command at
But the name in Ovid seems to be a mistake either Miletus. (31—33. ) Here he renewed the Persian
of the poet himself or of the transcribers for Asbolus. treaty, and remained, notwithstanding the entrea-
(Hes. Scut. Herc. 185; ASBOLUS. ) [L. S. ] ties of Chios, then hard pressed by the Athenians,
ASTYME'DES ('Aotuunāns), a Rhodian of wholly inactive. He was at last starting to re-
distinction. On the breaking out of the war believe it, when he was called off, about mid-winter,
tween the Romans and Perseus (B. c. 171), he to join a fleet from home, bringing, in consequence
advised his countrymen to side with the former. of complaints from Pedaritus, commissioners to ex-
(Polyb. xxvii. 6. $ 3. ) After the war, when the amine his proceedings. Before this (ěTI DVTA TÓTE
Rhodians were threatened with hostilities by the epi Mantov, cc. 36—42), Astyochus it appears
Romans, Astymedes was sent as ambassador to had sold himself to the Persian interest. He bad
Rome to deprecate their anger. The tenour of his received, perhaps on first coming to Miletus, orders
speech on the occasion is censured by Polybius. from home to put Alcibiades to death ; but finding
(xxx. 4,5; Liv. xlv. 21-25. ) Three years after him in refuge with the satrap Tissaphernes, he not
wards, he was again sent as ambassador to Rome, only gave up all thought of the attempt, but on re-
and succeeded in bringing about an alliance beceiving private intelligence of his Athenian negotia-
tween the Romans and his countrymen. (Polyb. tions, went up to Magnesia, betrayed Phrynichus
xxxi. 6, 7. ) In B. c. 153, on the occasion of the his informant to Alcibiades, and there, it would
a
## p. 391 (#411) ############################################
ATALANTE.
391
ATAULPHUS.
a
seem, pledged himself to the satrap. (cc. 45 and 50. ) | had grown up, she lived in pure maidenhood, slev
Henceforward, in pursuance of his patron's policy, the centaurs who pursued her, took part in the
his efforts were employed in keeping his large Calydonian hunt, and in the games which were
forces inactive, and inducing submission to the re- celebrated in honour of Pelias. Afterwards, her
duction in their Persian pay. The acquisition of father recognized her as his daughter; and when
Rhodes, after his junction with the new feet, he he desired her to marry, she made it the conditior.
had probably little to do with; while to him, that every suitor who wanted to win her, should
must, no doubt, be ascribed the neglect of the first of all contend with her in the foot-race. If
opportunities afforded by the Athenian dissensions, he conquered her, he was to be rewarded with her
after his return to Miletus (cc. 60 and 63), 411 B. c. hand, if not, he was to be put to death by hier.
The discontent of the troops, especially of the This she did because she was the most swift-footed
Syracusans, was great, and broke out at last in a among all mortals, and because the Delphic oracle
riot
, where his life was endangered ; shortly after had cautioned her against marriage. Meilanion,
which his successor Mindarus arrived, and Asty-one of her suitors, conquered her in this manner.
ochus sailed home (cc. 84, 85), after a command of Aphrodite had given him three golden apples, and
about eight months. Upon his return to Sparta during the race he dropped them one after the
he bore testimony to the truth of the charges other. Their beauty charmed Atalante so much,
which Hermocrates, the Syracusan, brought against that she could not abstain from gathering them.
Tissaphernes. (Xen. Hell
. i. 1. $ 31. ) (A. #. C. ) Thus she was conquered, and became the wife of
ASTYPALAEA ('ACTUmanala), a daughter of Meilanion. Once when the two, by their embraces
Phoenix and Perimede, the daughter of Oeneus. in the sacred grove of Zeus, profaned the sanctity
She was a sister of Europa, and became by Posei- of the place, they were both metamorphosed into
don the mother of the Argonaut Ancaeus and of lions. Hyginus adds, that Atalante was by Ares
Eurypylus, king of the island of Cos. The island the mother of Parthenopaeus, though, according to
Astypalaea among the Cyclades derived its name others, Parthenopaeus was her son by Meilanion.
from her. (Apollod. ii. 7. § 1; Paus. vii. 4. & 2; (Apollod. iii. 9. & 2; Serv. ad Aen. iii. 313; Athen.
Apollod. Rhod. ii. 866; Steph. Byz. s. v. ) (L. S. ) iii. p. 82. )
A'SYCHIS ("Aouxis), a king of Egypt, who, 2. The Boeotian Atalante. About her the same
according to the account in Herodotus (ii. 136), stories are related as about the Arcadian Atalante,
succeeded Mycerinus (about B. c. 1012 according except that her parentage and the localities are
to Larcher's calculation), and built the propy- described differently. Thus she is said to have
laea on the east side of the temple of Hephaestus been a daughter of Schoenus, and to have been
which had been begun by Menes, and also a married to Hippomenes. Her footrace is trans-
pyramid of brick. Herodotus likewise mentions ferred to the Boeotian Onchestus, and the sanc-
some laws of his for the regulation of money tuary which the newly married couple profaned by
transactions.
[C. P. M. ] their love, was a temple of Cybele, who metamor-
ATABY'RIUS ('Atabúplos), a surname of Zeus phoed them into Lions, and yoked them to her
derived from mount Atabyris or Atabyrion in the chariot. (Ov. Met. x. 565, &c. , viii. 318, &c. ;
island of Rhodes, where the Cretan Althaemenes Hygin. Fab. 185. ) In both traditions the main
was said to have built a temple to him. (Apollod. cause of the metamorphosis is, that the husband of
iii. 2. § 1; Appian, Milhrid. 26. ) Upon this moun- Atalante neglected to thank Aphrodite for the gift
tain there were, it is said, brazen bulls which of the golden apples. Atalante has in the ancient
roared when anything extraordinary was going to poets various surnames or epithets, which refer
happen. (Schol. ad Pind. Ol. vii. 159. ) (L. S. ) partly to her descent, partly to her occupation (the
ATALANTE ('Atanáytn). In ancient mytho chase), and partly to her swiftness. She was re-
logy there occur two personages of this name, who presented on the chest of Cypselus holding a hind,
have been regarded by some writers as identical, and by her side stood Meilanion. She also ap-
while others distinguish between them. , Among peared in the pediment of the temple of Athena
the latter we may mention the Scholiast on Theo- Alea at Tegea among the Calydonian hunters
critus (iii. 40), Burmann (ad Ov. Met. x. 565), (Paus. v. 19. § l, viii. 45. § 4; Comp. Müller,
Spanheim (ad Callimach. p. 275, &c. ), and Munc- Orchom. p. 214. )
(L. S. ]
ker (ad. Hygin. Fab. 99, 173, 185). " K. 0.
Mül- ATALANTÉ ('Atanávan), the sister of Per-
ler, on the other hand, who maintains the identity diccas, married Attalus, and was murdered a few
of the two Atalantes, has endeavoured to shew days after her brother, Perdiccas. (Diod. xviii.
that the distinction cannot be carried out satisfac- 37. )
torily. But the difficulties are equally great in ÁTA'RRHIAS ('Atappias), mentioned several
either case. The common accounts distinguish times by Q. Curtius (v. 2, vü. 1, viii 1), with a
between the Arcadian and the Boeotian Atalante. slight variation in the orthography of the name,
1. The Arcadian Atalante is described as the in the wars of Alexander the Great, appears to
daughter of Jasus (Jasion or Jasius) and Clymene. have been the same who was sent by Cassander
(Aelian, V. H. xiii. 1; Hygin. Fal. 99; Callim. with a part of the army to oppose Aeacides, king
Hymn. in Dian. 216. ) Her father, who had wished of Epeirus, in B. c. 317. (Diod. xix. 36. )
for a son, was disappointed at her birth, and ex- ATAULPHUS, ATHAULPHUS, ADAUL-
posed ber on the Parthenian (virgin) hill, by the PHUS (i. e. Atha-ulf, sworn hielper,” the same
side of a well and at the entrance of a cave. Pau- name as that which appears in later history under
sanias (iii. 24. & 2) speaks of a spring near the the form of Adolf or Adolphus), brother of Alaric's
ruins of Cyphanta, which gushed forth from a rock, wife. (Olympiod. ap. Phot. Cod. 80, p. 57, a. , ed
and which Atalante was believed to have called Bekk. ) He first appears as conducting a reinforce-
forth by striking the rock with her spear. In her ment of Goths and Huns to aid Alaric in Italy
infancy, Atalante was suckled in the wilderness by after the termination of the first siege of Rome.
a she-bear, the symbol of Artemis, and after she (A. D. 409. ) In the same year he was after the
1
## p. 392 (#412) ############################################
392
ATAULPIIUS.
ATERIUS.
;
second siege raised by the mock emperor Attalus to his cnstom, he was looking at his staliles.
to the office of Count of the Domestics; and on (Olympiod. p. 60, a. ) His first wife was a Sarmatian,
the death of Alaric in 410, he was elected to sup who was divorced to make way for Placidia (Phi-
ply his place as king of the Visigoths. (Jornandes, lostorg. xii. 4), and by whom he had six children
de Reb. Get. 32. ) From this time the accounts of The only offspring of his second marriage was a
Jis history vary exceedingly. The only undisputed son, Theodosius, who died in infancy. (Olympiod.
facts are, that he retired with his nation into the p. 59, b. )
[A. P. S. )
south of Gaul,- that he married Placidia, sister of ATE (Atn), according to Hesiod (Theog. 230),
Honorius, - and that he finally withdrew into a daughter of Eris, and according to Homer (N.
Spain, where he was murdered at Barcelona. Ac- xix. 91) of Zeus, was an ancient Greck divinity,
cording to Jornandes (de Reb. Gct. 32), he took who led both gods and men to rash and inconside
Rome a second time after Alaric's death, carried off rate actions and to suffering. She once even in-
Placidia, formed a treaty with Honorius, which was duced Zeus, at the birth of Heracles, to take an
cemented by his marriage with Placidia at Forum oath by which Hera was afterwards enabled to
Livii or Cornelii, remained a faithful ally in Gaul, give to Eurystheus the power which bad been
and went into Spain for the purpose of suppressing destined for Heracles. When Zeus discovered his
the agitations of the Suevi and Vandals against rashness, he hurled Ate from Olympus and banished
the empire. But the other authorities for the her for ever from the abodes of the gods. (Ilom.
time agree on the whole in giving a different re- I. xix. 126, &c. ) In the tragic writers Ate
presentation. According to them, the capture of appears in a different light: she avenges evil deeds
Placidia had taken place before Alaric's death and inflicts just punislıments upon the offenders
(Philostorg. xii. 4; Olympiod. I. c. ; Marcellin. and their posterity (Aeschyl. Chocph. 381), so that
Chronicon); the treaty with the empire was not her character here is almost the same as that of
concluded till after Ataulphus's retreat into Gaul, Nemesis and Erinnys. She appears most promi-
where he was implicated in the insurrection of nent in the dramas of Aeschylus, and least in
Jovinus, and set up Attalus, whom he detained in those of Euripides, with whom the idea of Dike
his camp for a musician, as a rival emperor; he (justice) is more fully developed. (Blümner,
then endeavoured to make peace with Honorius Ueber die Idee des Schicksals, fic. p. 64, &c. ) (L. S. ]
by sending him the head of the usurper Sebastian, ATEIUS, surnamed Praetextatus, and also
and by offering to give up Placidia in exchange Philologus, the latter of which surnames he assumed
for a gift of corn ; on this being refused, he at- in order to indicate his great learning, was born at
tacked Massilia, from which he was repulsed by Athens, and was one of the most celebrated gram-
Bonifacius; finally, the marriage with Placidia marians at Rome, in the latter half of the first
took place at Narbo (Idat. Chronicon), which so century B. C. He was a freedman, and was per-
exasperated her lover, the general Constantins, haps originally a slave of the jurist Ateius Capito,
as to make him drive Átaulphus into Spain. (Oro by whom he was characterized as a rhetorician
sius, vii. 43; Idat. Chronicon; Philostorg. xii. 4. ) among grammarians, and a grammarian among
He was remarkable as being the first indepen- rhetoricians.
He taught many
the Roman
dent chief who entered into alliance with Rome, nobles, and was particularly intimate with the
not for pay, but from respect. His original ambi- historian Sallust, and with Asinius Pollio. For
tion had been (according to Orosius, vii. 43, who the former he drew up an abstract of Roman his-
appears to record his very words), " that what tory (Breviarium rerum omnium Romanarum ),
was now Romania should become Gothia, and that Sallust might select from it for his history
what Caesar Augustus was now, that for the such subjects as he chose ; and for the latter he
future should be Ataulphus, but that his experience compiled precepts on the art of writing. Asinius
of the evils of lawlessness and the advantages of Pollio believed that Ateius collected for Sallust
law had changed his intention, and that his many of the peculiar expressions which we find
highest glory now would be to be known in after in his writings, but this is expressly denied by
ages as the defender of the empire. " And thus Suetonius. The commentarii of Ateius were ex-
his marriage with Placidia -- the first contracted ceedingly numerous, but only a very few were ex-
between a barbarian chief and a Roman princess-- tant even in the time of Suetonius. (Sueton. de
was looked upon by his contemporaries as a marked Illustr. Grammat. 10; comp. Osann, Analecta Cri
epoch, and as the fulfilment of the prophecy of tic. p. 64, &c. ; Madrig, Opuscula Academica, p.
Daniel, that the king of the North should wed the 97, dc. )
daughter of the king of the South. (Idat. Chro- ATEIUS CA'PITO. (CAPITO. ]
22. com. )
ATEIUS SANCTUS. (SANCTUS. ]
He was a man of striking personal appearance, ATERIANUS, JUʻLIUS, wrote a work upon
end of middle stature. (Jornandes, de Reb. Get the Thirty Tyrants (A. D. 259–268), or at least
32. ) The details of his life are best given in upon one of them, Victorinus. Trebellius Pollio
Olympiodorus (ap. Phot. ), who gives a curious de- (Trig. Tur. 6) gives an extract from his work.
scription of the scene of his nuptials with Placidia A. ATE'RNIUS or ATE'RIUS consul B. C.
in the house of Ingenuus of Narbo (p. 59, b. ed. 454, with Sp. Tarpeius. (Liv. ii. 31. ) The con-
Bekker).
sulship is memorable for the passing of the Ler
His death is variously ascribed to the personal Aternia Tarpeia. (Dict, of Ant. s. 2. ) Aternius
anger of the assassin Vernulf or (Olympiod. p. 60, was subsequently in B. C. 448, one of the patrician
a. ) Dobbius (Jornandes, de Rel. Get. 32), to the in- tribunes of the people, which was the only time
trigues of Constantius (Philostorg. xii. 4), and to that patricians were elected to that office. (Liv.
a conspiracy occasioned in the camp by his having iii. 65. )
put to death a rival chief, Sarus (Olympiod. p. 58, ATÉ'RIUS, or HATE’RIUS, a Roman juris-
b. ) It is said to have taken place in the palace at consult, who was probably contemporary with
Barcelona (Idat. Chronicon), or whilst, according Cicero, and gave occasion to one of that great ora-
.
## p. 393 (#413) ############################################
ATHIANADAS.
393
ATHANASIUS.
a
tor's puns. Cicero writes to L. Papirius Paetus (ad ATHANARI'CUS, the son of Rhotestus, was
l'um. ix. 18), Tu istic te Ateriano jure delectato: king, or according to Ammianus Marcellinus
cgo me hic Hirtiano. " While you are amusing (xxvii. 5), “ judex ” of the West Goths during
yourself with the law (jus) of Aterius, let me en- their stay in Dacia. His name became first known
joy my pea-fowl here with the capital sauce (jus) in a. d. 367, when the Goths werc attacked by the
of my friend Hirtius,"
(J. T. G. ) emperor Valens, who first encamped near Daphne,
A’THAMAS ('Adápas), a son of Aeolus and a fort on the Danube, from whence, after having
Enarete, the daughter of Deimachus. He was laid a bridge of boats over this river, he entered
thus a brother of Cretheus, Sisyphus, Salmoneus, Dacia. The Goths retired and the emperor re-
&c. (Apollod. i. 7. & 3. ) At the command of treated likewise after having performed but little.
Hera, Athainas married Nephele, by whom he be- He intended a new campaign, but the swollen
came the father of Phrixus and Helle. But he waters of the Danube inundated the surrounding
was secretly in love with the mortal Ino, the country, and Valens took up his winter quarters
daughter of Cadmus, by whom he begot Lear- at Marcianopolis in Moesia. In 369, however, he
chus and Melicertes, and Nephele, on discovering crossed the Danube a second time, at Noviodunum
that Ino had a greater hold on his affections than in Moesia Inferior, and defeated Athanaric who
herself, disappeared in her anger.
