No More Learning

Sec ibid. , n. (r).
8 The parish is shown, on the " Ordnance Survey Townland Maps for the County of Dublin,"sheets14,15. Thevillageproper is marked on sheet 14.
8
The accompanying illustration, drawn
9 In mediaeval documents, it is, written
July 31. LIVES OP THE IRISH SA1XTS. 517
the Anglo Norman Invasion, however, King Henry II. of England, in grant- ing the kingdom of Meath to Hugh T)e Lacy, included tin's neighbourhood within that charter. The latter feudd lord regranted the manors of Skryne and Santry 9 to Adam de Feipo or Phepoe. Afterwards, this proprietor erected a church, consisting of a chancel and nave, separated or connected by a choir-arch. This he conveyed by deed to the Cistercian Abbey of St.
10 in Dublin. " It seems to us, that the Anglo-Norman Baron intended to dedicate the church of his foundation to St. Poppo or Poppon,12 Abbot of Stavelot, in the Low Countries, rather than to the more ancient Irish Saint bearing a nearly similar name. Wherefore, it is very probable, that both have been confounded in local popular tradition. In the family of De Feipo or Phepoe the manor of Santry continued until about 1375, when Johanna, daughter and heiress to Francis de Feipo or Phepoe, married Thomas Mareward, who was afterwards created Baron of Skryne. The village here seems to have grown up about the church, and it is mentioned in a Chancery Roll, which is dated 1379. In the year 1435, ^ ls recorded as belonging to the Phepoe family; the manor at that time extending over the lands of Ballymun, Shillok, Little Ballycurry, Ballystrawan,^ &c. In many
Mary,
documents of the it gives its own name to the period,
1 * In 1539, on the 28th of October, William Landey, the last Abbot of St. Mary'. -. Dublin, surrendered to King Henry VIII. all the estates of his Abbey, including
15 at that time when the dissolution of establishmentstookplace. Then,therectory,withamanseandaglebe,wasof theannualvalueof£1412s. ; andinthesixteenthcentury,themanorofSantry
passed from the Marewards, who had previously acquired the fee, to William Nugent, eighth Baron of Delvin, who had married Janet, the daughter and heiress of Walter Mareward, Baron of Serine. Afterwards, it was transmitted tothefamilyoftheBarrys,andlaterstilltothatoftheDomviles. In1609, the church of Santry was rebuilt, and it became the burial place for the latter
16
families ; while, in 161 5, we learn, that the church was in good repair, but
thatthechancelwasruined. Thepresentedificewaserectedin1709,onthe
ruins of the former one. 1 ? At this same the of date, July 31st, Martyrology
Donegal,hasthesimpleentry,Papan. MarianusO'GormanandtheMartyr- ology of Tamlacht appear to be cited for confirmation of this insertion.
those to this belonging
parish,
religious
Article V. —St. Foi. lomon or Fallamain, Bishop. [Supposed to be '
oftheFifthandSixthCenturies. '] TheMartyrologyofTallagh distinguishes
not far distant. Me died on the Feast for St. Sanctriffe, &c. Paul's conversion, A. D. 1048, at the age of
10
See the text of this charter, in "Chartu- seventy. See an account of him, in Les laries of St. Mary's Abbey. Dublin : with Petits Bollandistes, "Vies des Saints," the Register of its House at Dunbrody, and tome i. , xxvc Jour de Janvier, pp. 609 to 612. Annals of Ireland," edited by John T. Gd- n Patent Roll of 13 Henry VI. in the bert, F. S. A. , M. R. I. A. , vol. i. , No. 71, Chancery Rolls of Ireland.
Santref. Santrefte, Santreff, Stantroff,Santryff,
p. 95.
"
•« See John U'Alton's History of the
County of Dublin," p. 256.
' 5 See Right Rev. Bishop Moran's edition
'•
Monasticon Hibernicum. " vol. ii. , Appendix to County of Dublin,
p. 145.
l6
11
This was further confirmed by a grant
from Luke, of in 1 228. Archbishop Dublin,
See ibid. ) No. Ii8e, pp. 139,140. The grant was also confirmed by Thomas, Archbishop of Armagh, and Primate of All Ireland. See ibid. ) No. 122, pp. 144, 145.
12 He was the son of his father Tisekins
and of his mother St. Adelwise, and born in
Flanders, about A. D. 978. He became Dublin, by Benjamin W. Adams, D. D. , Abbot of Stavelot, in the diocese of Liege, already quoted. — andtothatwasjoinedthecareofMalmedy, Article v.
of Archdail's
surrounding barony.
From the Regal Visitation Book.
'? See the Antiquarian Notes, Etc. , of the
Parishes of Santry and Cloghran, County of
'
Edited by Rev. Dr.
5iS LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [Juu 3!
this holy man, as lollomon meic Nathfriach. He is thought to have been
brother to St. and to have flourished, about the end of the sixth 2 Papan, century,
when he erected a church, and dedicated it to St. Mac Tail,3 of Kilcullen, county of Kildare. That church, known as Desertale,* was on the townland of Balcurris, about a mile west of Santry village, county of Dublin. Its ruins have since disappeared, and even its site is now forgotten. Here, however, it seems probable, this holy man lived and officiated, a near neighbour of his brotherSt. Papan. TheMartyrologyofDonegals recordsthenameFalla- main, Bishop, as having had a festival, at the 31st of July.
Article VI. —St. Jarnoc Ailithir, or Jarngg, the Sickly. At
the 31st of July, veneration was given, according to the Martyrology of
1 to Ailithir, in Theformerofthesetermsattached Tallagh, Jarnoc, Uagh curp.
to the proper name implies, that he was a pilgrim, and the latter, that he was 2
perfect in his body. In the Martyrology of Donegal, at the same date, the
entry is Jarnog,3 the sickly. However, this latter designation seems some-
what contradictory to the previous statement. By the latter authority, he is set down as one of the sons of Nadfraech.
Article Vil. —Feast for the Translation of the Relics of St. Brieuc,FirstBishopandPatronofBrieux. ASunday,whichfell on the 31st day of July, a. d. 1166, the relics of St. Brieuc were transferred to a newshrine,inthepresenceofHenryII. ,KingofEngland. Amorecircum- stantial account concerning this translation will be fonnd, in the Life of St.
1
Article VIII. —Reputed Feast of St. Ann Erentrudis. The
x
Martyrology of Donegal mentions, that a festival was celebrated at the
31st of July, in honour of Ann Erentrudis. There is Ane, or Ani, Virgin, Ann, i. e. , Erna, virgin, adds the calendarist, and Trudis, on account of her
relationship to Gertrude; the name being like her father's, half Gaelic and
half French. It is difficult to say, whence this entry had been taken, or to
whom 2
it relates, unless Erentrude, sister to St. Rudbert, of Saltzbourg, be
intended. His festival is on the 30th of June. 3
Brieuc, already published at the 1st of May.
Kelly, p. xxx.
5 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
206, 207.
Article VI. — Edited by Rev. Dr.
Kelly, p. xxx.
2
See Antiquarian Notes. Etc. , of the
Parishes of Santry and Cloghran, County
Dublin, by Benjamin W. Adams, D. D. ,
M. R. I. A. , Etc. , Rector of Santry, in
2
1
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
"Journal of the Royal Historical and 206, 207.
Archaeological Association of Ireland/' vol. 3 a note by Dr. Todd says at Jarnog :
v. Fourth Series. April, 1881, No. 46, "The Mart. Taml. has 'Jarnoc Alithir,'
ji. 492.
the pilgrim. And immediately alter (as if
H—e died Tune nth—the dale for his
4 In 1 167, Gilbert de Nugent bestowed
this church, with four carrucates of land ad-
another in a proper name), Uagh
feast
548.
;
of
For an account him,
•
A. D.
the reader is referred to that date, in the Sixth Volume of this work, Art. i.
in his — perfect body. '
joining it, on the Abbey of the Virgin Mary,
Dublin. See Archdall's "Monasticon nise," Martii xxvii. , Appendix ad Acta S.
Hibernicum," pp. 133, 1 34, and nn. Rupcrti, cap. v. , num. 2, and p. 769.
(u, w).
ARTICLE VII.
Fifth Volupie of this work, Art. ii.
Article VIII. —* Edited by Rev. Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 206, 207, and n.
3
3
i<-or further notices of her, the reader i*
'
Sec, at that date, the
"
curp,
See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hiber-
July 31. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
ig
Article IX. —Reputed Feast of Mac Tail, of Cell Manach, in the West of Ossory. According to a scholiast on the metrical Calendar of St. yEngus, there was a festival for Mac Tail, of Cell Manach, in the west
1
ofOssory,atthe31stdayofJuly.
TherearetwoothersaintsinourCalen-
dars bearing the patronymic Mac Tail : one of these is venerated as the
patron of Kilcullen, in the county of Kildare, and his feast occurs on the
2
1 ith of June, while the other is distinguished as Fionntain Mac Tail, whose
festival is held on the 9th of October. 3 The latter was an Abbot, but his place is not noted. It seems probable, that the present holy man was a dis- tinct person from either of these.
Article X. —Cromdubh. Sunday, or the Last Sunday of July. In closing our Irish Calendar notices for this month, it may be as well to observe, that the present celebration is variable, as to date, and only notic—ed
the because it survives in tradition. by people,
of the Irish as Garland peasantry
The la— 1
Sunday
of Sunday July
is said to have been
known to
many
sacred to our great national Apostle, St. Patrick.
Others call this Cromdubh,
deities.
This, however, is strenuously denied by Charles O'Conor, of Balena-
Article ix. See Transactions of the
of the
Kings ; being a History of the City of Cashel, compiled from scarce Books and
Original Documents. " Clonmel, 1863, 8vo.
Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript Series, vol. i. , part i. , p. exxi.
2
See the Sixth Volume of the present work, at that date, Art. i.
3 See notices —of him, at that date.
n. (1),
2 See " De Hibemia et Antiquitatibus
6"
See Ecclesiastical History of Ireland.
vol. iv. , chap, xxvi. , sect, iii. , n. 31, p. 56-
'
:
Article x. According to
? it is jn the Irish language
'OormiAij; Cnomm T)uib.
other accounts of the country people in the mid- land and southern parts of Ireland, it has been stated to the writer, that the first Sun- day of August is Garland Sunday. Whether or not, it is to be regarded as a distinct fes- tival from Domnach Crombubh, the writer has not been able satisfactorily to ascertain. However, Dr. O'Donovan asserts the iden- tity of both, and probably he is a safe autho- rity to follow on this question. See "Annals of the Four Masters," vol. ii. ,
written,
p.
1004.
der, when translating a passage from the Annals of the Four Masters, at A. D. 1 1 17, he make—s the massacre fall "in festo S. Crom- dubii. " "Trias Thaumaturga," Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Columbce, cap. v. , p, 508. Dr. Lanigan, while remarking that there was no such saint, reminds us, that O'Flaherty has attached a manuscript note to his copy of Colgan, kept in the Royal
Dublin — that, the words used by the Society,
Four—Masters and among which is Crom-
"
meaning "Black Crom Sunday; because it is traditionally held to have
been the anniversary for the destruction of a celebrated pagan idol, which was
a former object of Gentile worship among our forefathers, before Gospel light
shone among them, owing to St. Patrick's great exertions. Sir James Ware as-
serts, that the ancient Irish worshipped some of the Grecian and Roman
2
gar,3whoasserts,ithasnocolourinancienthistory; whilethepeople,imbued
with a knowledge of learning, frequently resisted the mythology of the Druids,
in a search for primitive truths. '* It has been asserted, 5 likewise, that Drow- migh Cromdu means " Cromdu's fair" or "pattern. " It is a common Baying, VThingswerenotsodear(orsocheap)sincethedaysofCromdu. " Ithas been thought, moreover, that Cromdubh was probably Criomthaun, who was
referred to the Sixth Volume of this work, O'Flaherty's "Ogygia Domestica," pars iii. ,
at that date, Art—. i. cap. xxx. , p. 218. '5'r
of 3 See "Dissertations on the History of Summer. See "Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," sect, ix. , pp. 94 to 106. Dublin, Ireland," vol. iv. , chap, xxvi. , sect, iii. , n.
ejus," cap. v. , p. 28.
dubh have reference to the last Sunday
third edition, 1812, 8vo.
4 See likewise, on this subject, Roderick 9 Thus, the
8
Colgan committed a very ludicrous blun-
st
John Davis White's Cashel
31, p> 56.
"
Annals of the Four Masters"
5 2 ° LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS.
[July 31
"
the second Christian King of Cashel, and that then patterns or
or fairs, were instituted in honour of St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. The Rev. Dr. Lanigan supposes, that Cromdubh was the same idol as Crom-
6 alluded to in St. Patrick's Acts. That Domhnach Cliroim cruach, already
Duibh7 wasanancientIrishfestival8
fromthefact, thatallusionis made to it in our Annals, early in the twelfth century. 9 We have the autho- rity of Dr. O'Donovan for stating, that Crom Dubh was the name of a chief- tain in Umhall, who had been a powerful opponent of St. Patrick, but who
had been converted the latter on by
thisday.
11
10 Some of the state- foregoing
ments seem confirmed, by local traditions.
In Donoghmore parish, county of Wexford, a patron was formerly held, on the last Sunday of July ; but it is not now remembered to be held in honour of any saint. 12 All these
accounts, however, are exceedingly vague and obscure; nor are we able to throw further light on the subject.
state, at A. D. 1117, that
Maelbrighde
Mac
11 Mr. White oftwoFairs,alluded speaks
to in a lease of 1666, in which occurs men-
tion of " dedication of church of St. ye ye
Patrickes aforesd and in Irish called Dow- )
nugh Cromdu. "
" See " Letters containing Information
relative to the Antiquities of the County of Wexford, collected during the Progress of
the Ordnance Survey in 1840," vol. i. Letter of John O'Donovan, written at (ioivv. and dated May 20th. 1840, p. 65
Remain, comharba of Ceananus, was slaugh-
tered with Aedh Ua Ruaue
along him, by
and the Hy-Briuin-Breifne. This was the tribe name for the O'Rourkes, O'Reillys, and their correlatives, seated in the present counties of Leitrim and of Cavan. This slaughter took place on the night of Domh- nach Chroim Duibh. See Dr. O'Donovan s edition, vol. ii. , pp. 1004, 1005, and n. (k).
ibid. 10
See ibid. , n.
(1).
End of Volume VII.