He had been left by
Octavianus
p.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
)
that Corniades is the correct reading, since the 3. Q. CORNIFICIUS, son of No. 2, is first men-
latter is mentioned by Plutarch (non posse suaviter tioned in B. c. 50, as betrothing himself to the
riri sccundum Epicur. p. 1089) as a friend of Epi- daughter of Aurelia Orestilla, the beautiful but
pro-
curus, and the former could not possibly have | Migate widow of Catiline. (Cic. ad Fam. viii. 7. )
been the friend of Epicurus, as Carneades died in In the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, he
B. c. 129, and Epicurus in B. c. 209.
served in 48 as the quaestor of the former, by
COʻRNICEN, a “horn-blower," an agnomen of whom he was sent into Illyricum with the title of
Postumus Aebutius Elva, consul B. C. 442 [ELVA), propraetor. By his prudence and military skill,
and a cognomen of the Oppia gens. Cicero uses Cornificius reduced the province to a state of obe-
the form Cornicinus. (See No. 2. )
dience, and rendered no small service to Caesar's
1. Sr. Oppius CORNICE», a plebeian, one of the cause. (Hirt. B. Aler. 42. ) He seems to have
second decemvirate, B. C. 450. When the other returned to Rome in the following year, and was
decem virs had to march against the enemy, Cor-then probably rewarded by Caesar with the augu-
nicen was left as the colleague of App. Claudins to rate, as we find, from Cicero's letters, that he was
take care of the city; and it was he who convened in possession of that office in the next year. He
the senate when the people rose in arms upon the also formed an intimate friendship with Cicero,
death of Virginia. In the next year, he was sent several of whose letters to him are exunt. (dd
to prison on the evidence of an old soldier, whom, Fam. xii. 17-30. )
after twenty-seven years of service, he had ordered Cornificius did not remain long in Rome. In
to be scourged without any cause; but Cornicen, B. C. 46, we find him in Syria, where he was ob-
fearing the result of a trial, put an end to his own serving the movements of Caecilius Bassus, and in
life in prison. (Liv. iii. 35, 41, 49, 50, 58; Dio the beginning of the following year he was ap-
nys. x. 58, xi. 23, 44, 46. )
pointed by Caesar governor of Syria. (Cic. ud Fam.
2. (Oppius) CORNICINUS, a senator, the son-in- xii
. 18, 19. ) This office, however, he did not hold
law of Sex. Atilius Serranus, tribune of the plebs, long, for on the death of Caesar, in B. C. 44, he
B. C. 57. (Cic. ad Att. iv. 2. )
was in possession of the province of Old Africa.
CORNIFI'CIA. 1. Daughter of Q. Cornificius This he maintained for the senate against L. Cal-
[CORNIFICIUS, No. 2], was sought in marriage by visius Sabinus, and continued to adhere to the
Juventius Thalna in B. C. 45, when she was rather same party on the formation of the triumvirate, in
advanced in years and had been married several 43. He sent troops to the assistance of Sex.
times; but she refused his offer, because his for- Pompey, and gave shelter and protection to those
tune was not large enough. (Cic. ad Att. xiii. 29. ) who had been proscribed by the triumvirs. He
2. Sister of the poet Cornificius, is said by refused to surrender his province to T. Sextius,
Hieronymus (Chron. Euseb. Ol. 184. 4) to have who commanded the neighbouring province of
written some excellent epigrams, which were ex- New Africa, and who had ordered him, in the
tant in his time.
name of the triumvirs, to do so. Hereupon a war
CORNI'FICIA, the last surviving daughter of broke out between them. The details of this war
M. Aurelius, was put to death by Caracalla, and a are related somewhat differently by Appian and
very interesting account of her last moments and Dion Cassius; but so much is certain, that Corni-
last words has recently come to light in the frag- ficius at first defeated T. Sextius, but was eventu-
ments of Dion Cassius discovered by Mai. (Mai, ally conquered by the latter, and fell in battle.
Fragment. Vatican, ii. p. 230. ) [W. R. ] (Appian, B. C. ii. 85, iv. 36, 53—56; Dion Cass.
CORNI‘FICIA GENS, plebeian, seems to xlviii
. 17, 21; Liv. Epit. 123. )
have come originally from Rhegium. (Cic. ad Fam. Cornificius was a man of literary habits and
xii. 25. ) No persons of this name occur till the tastes. Cicero speaks highly of his judgment
last century of the republic; and the first who ob- when he sends him in B. c. 45 a copy of his ** Ora-
tained any of the higher honours of the state was tor,” but seems to banter him somewhat respecting
Q. Cornificius, praetor, B. C. 66. On coins the his oratory. (Cic. Ad Fam. xii. 17, 18. ) Many
name is written Cornuficius, which is also the form have attributed to him the authorship of the
used by Dion Cassius (xlviii. 21).
“ Rhetorica ad Herennium. ” Some remarks are
COŘNI'FICIUS. '1. Cornificius, secretary made on this subject below.
(scriba) of Verres in his praetorship, B. C. 74. The following coin refers to this Cornificius. It
(Cic. in l'err. j. 57. )
bears on the obverse the head of Ammon, and on
;
## p. 858 (#878) ############################################
858
CORNIFICIUS.
CORNUTUS.
opet
HvevRIME
the reverse Juno holding a shield and crowning a published in that year. The etymologies of Cor-
man who has a lituus in his right hand, with the nificius, frequently quoted by Festus, were taken
legend Q. CORNvFICI AVGVR IMP. From the undoubtedly from this work, and are rather worse
head of Ammon, it would appear to have been than the usual wretched etymologies of the an-
struck in Africa, and the title of Imperator was cients. Thus, for instance, nare is derived from
probably given him by his soldiers after his vic- naris, because “aqua feratur natans ut avis ;”
tory over T. Sextius.
oscillare from os and caelare; nuptiae from novus
quod nova petantur conjugia," the word for
marriage being of course of no consequence !
Again, there is a poet Cornificius mentioned by
Ovid (Trist. ii. 436), and also by Macrobius, who
has preserved an hexameter line and a half of a
poem of his, entitled “Glaucus. ” (Sat. vi. 5. )
Donatus, in his life of Virgil (SS 67, 76), likewise
speaks of a Cornificius who was an enemy and a
4. L. Cornificius, was one of the accusers of detractor of the Mantuan bard; and Servius tells
Milo in B. c. 52, after the death of Clodius. (As- 11s, that Cornificius is intended under the name of
con. in Milon. pp. 40, 54, ed. Orelli. ) The P. Amyntas in two passages of the Eclogues. (Serv.
Cornificius, a senator, also mentioned by Asconius ad Virg. Ecl. ii. 39, v. 8. ) Now, it seems proba-
(In Milon. p. 37), is probably the same person. ble enough that the poet mentioned by Ovid and
5. L. Cornificius, probably, from his praeno- Macrobius are the same ; but his identity with the
men, the son of No. 4, was the accuser of M. detractor of Virgil is rendered doubtful by the
Brutus in the court by which the murderers of statement of Hieronymus (Chron. Euseb. 01. 184.
Caesar were tried. He afterwards commanded | 4), that the poet Cornificius perished in B. C. 41,
the fleet of Octavianus in the war against Sex. deserted by his soldiers. Heyne, who is followed
Pompey, and by his boldness and bravery saved by Clinton, remarks, that, if the date of Hierony-
the fleet when it was in great danger off the coast mus is correct, the poet Cornificius must be a dif-
of Sicily (B. C. 38), and took the ship of Demo- ferent person from the detractor of Virgil, as the
chares, the admiral of the Pompeian squadron. I latter had not risen to eminence sn early as B. c.
Cornificius again distinguished himself in the cam-41; but Weichert (Poëtarum Latinorum Reliquiae,
paign of B. c. 36.
He had been left by Octavianus p. 167) observes, that as the “Culex" was written
with the land forces at Tauromenium, where they in B. c. 44 and some of the Eclogues before B. C. 41,
were in circumstances of the greatest peril; but by the rising fame of Virgil may have provoked the
a most bold and dangerous march he arrived at jealousy of Cornificius, who is described by Dona-
Mylae, and united his army with Agrippa's. For tus as a man“ perversae naturae. ”
At all events,
these services he was rewarded with the con- it is likely enough that the poet Cornificius is the
sulship in the following year, B. C. 35; and he same as the Cornificius to whom Catullus addresses
considered himself entitled to such honour from his 38th poem.
saving the lives of the soldiers, that he was accus- CORNU'TUS, occurs as an agnomen in the
tomed afterwards at Rome to ride home upon an family of the Camerini, who belonged to the pa-
elephant whenever he supped out. Like the other trician Sulpicia gens (CAMERINUS), and also as a
generals of Augustus, Cornificius was obliged after cognomen of several plebeians whose gens is un-
wards to expend some of his property in embel- known.
lishing the city, and accordingly built a temple of 1. C. CORNUTUS, tribune of the plebs in B. C.
Diana. (Plut. Brut. 27; Appian, B. C. v. 80, 86, 61, is described by Cicero as a well-meaning man,
111-115; Dion Cass. xlix. 5–7; Vell. Pat. ii. and resembling Cato in his character, whence he is
79; Dion Cass. xlix. 18; Suet. Aug. 29. )
called Pseudo-Cato. In 57 he held the office of
Quintilian speaks (iii. 1. $ 21, ix. 3. $$ 89, 98) praetor, and was among those who were active in
of one Cornificius as the writer of a work on Rhe bringing about the recall of Cicero from exile.
toric ; and, as some of the extracts which Quinti (Cic. ad Att. i. 14, Post. Red. in Sen. 9. )
lian gives from this work agree in many respects
2. M. CORNUTUS, a praetorian, served, in B. C.
both in form and substance with the “ Rhetorica 90, as legate in the Marsic war, and distinguished
ad Herennium,” several critics have ascribed the himself as an experienced officer. (Cic. pro Font.
authorship of the latter treatise to Cornificius. 15. ) He is in all probability the same person
But the difficulties in which this matter is in- with the Cornutus who, in B. C. 87, opposed Marius
volved are pointed out under CICERO, p. 727, b. ; and Cinna, and was saved from destruction through
and even if the “ Rhetorica ad Herennium the artifice of his slaves. (Appian, B. C. i. 73;
written by Cornificius, there is no reason to iden- Plut. Mar. 43. )
tify him either with Q. Cornificius, the father, or 3. M. CORNUTUS, probably a son of No. 2,
the son [No. 2 or 3], as is usually done. There was praetor urbanus in B. C. 43, and, during the
are also chronological difficulties in this supposition absence of the consuls Hirtius and Pansa, he sup-
which are pointed out in the Prolegomena to the plied their place at Rome : after the death of the
first rolume (p. lv. ) of the complete edition of Ci- consuls, he was ordered by the senate to superin-
cero's works by Schütz. (Lips. 1814. ) The au- tend their funeral. When Octavianus shortly after
thor of the work on Rhetoric referred to by Quin- demanded the consulship for himself, and advanced
tilian may be (though the matter is quite uncertain) towards Rome upon the senate refusing to grant
the same as the writer of the “ Etyma," of which it, the three legions stationed in the city went
the third book is quoted by Macrobius (Sat. i. 9), over to Octavianus, and M. Cornutus, who had the
and which must have been composed at least sub- coinmand of one of them, put an end to his life.
sequently to B. C. 44, as it contained a quotation (Cic. ad Fam. x. 12, 16, Philip. xiv. 14 ; Val. Mais
from Cicero's “ De Natura Deorum,” which was v. 2. $ 10; Appian, B. C. iii. 92. ) (L. S. ]
" were
## p. 859 (#879) ############################################
CORNUTUS.
85. 9
CORONATUS.
CORNU'TUS, a Roman historian, who, ac- / writing satires. (Wernsdorf, Poët. Lat. Min. iji.
cording to the account of Suidas (s. v. Kopvoûtos, p. xvii. 4. ) A minute account of his relation to
where, however, the account of the philosopher the poet Persius, as well as of his pupils and his
L. Annaeus Cornutus and the historian are jum- literary merits, is given by Ger. Jo. de Martini,
bled together in one article), seems to have been a Disputatio Litteraria de L. Annaco Cornuto, Lugd.
contemporary of Livy, but very inferior to him in Bat. 1825, and in Otto Jahn's Prolegomena to his
point of merit. His great wealth and the circum- edition of Persius, Lipsiae, 1843, pp. viii. —xxvii.
stance of his having no children, attracted crowds (Comp. Stabr, Aristoteles bei d. Römern, p. 71,
of admirers around him, but no further particulars &c. )
[A. S. )
are known about him. (G. J. de Martini, Disput.
CORNU'TUS, CAECI'LIUS, a man of prae-
lit. de L. Annaeo Cornuto, p. 8, &c. ) (L. S. ] torian rank in the reign of Tiberius, who was im-
CORNU'TUS, L. ANNAEUS' ('Avvalos Kop plicated, in A. D. 24, in the affair between young
voûtos), one of the commentators on Aristotle, Vibius Serenus and his father, and put an end to
concerning whose life but few particulars are known. his life to escape an unjust verdict. (Tac. Ann. iv.
The work of Diogenes Laërtius is believed to have 28. )
(L. S. )
contained a life of Cornutus, which, however, is CORNU'TUS TERTULLUS
was consul
lost. (Salmas. Exercit. Plin. p. 888, &c. ) Our suffectus in A. D. 101 together with Pliny the
principal sources of information are Suidas (s. v. Younger, who mentions hin several times as a
Kopvoûtos)—where, however, only the last words person of great merit. (Epist. iv. 17, v. 15, vii.
of the article refer to the philosopher, and all the 21, 31. )
(L. S. ]
rest to Cornutus the historian and Eudocia (p. CORO'BIUS (Kupuóbios), a purple-dyer of Ita-
273). Cornutus was born at Leptis in Libya, and nus in Crete. When the Theraeans were seeking
came, probably in the capacity of a slave, into the for some one to lead them to Libya, where the
house of the Annaei, which was distinguished for Delphic oracle had enjoined them to plant a colony,
its love of literary pursuits. The Annaei emanci- Corobius undertook to shew them the way. He
pated him (whence his name Annaeus), and he accordingly conducted a party of them to the island
became the teacher and friend of the poet Persius, of Platea, off the Libyan coast, and there he was
on whose intellectual culture and development he left by them with a supply of provisions, while
exercised a very great influence. He was sent they sailed back to Thera to report how matters
into exile by Nero, for having too freely criticised stood. As they did not however retum to Platea
the literary attempts of the emperor. (Dion Cass. at the time appointed, Corobius was in danger of
lxii. 29. ) This happened, according to Hieronymus perishing from hunger, but was relieved by the
in his Chronicle, in A. D. 68. The account of Dion crew of a Samian ship which had been driven to
Cassius furnishes a characteristic feature of the the island on its way to Egypt. (Herod. iv. 151,
defiance peculiar to the Stoics of that time, to whom 152. ) For the connexion of Crete with Thera,
Cornutus also belonged, as we see from the fifth and of Samos with Cyrene, see Herod. iv. 154,
satire of Persius. That he was a man of very ex-
162-164.
[E. E. )
tensive knowledge is attested by the authority of COROEBUS (Kópoulos), a Phrygian, a son of
Dion Cassius, as well as by the works he wrote. Mygdon, was one of the heroes that fought in the
One of the most important of the philosophical Trojan war on the side of the Trojans. He was
productions of Cornutus was his work on Aristotle's one of the suitors of Cassandra, and was slain by
Categories, which is referred to by the later com- Neoptolemus or Diomedes. (Paus. ix. 27. $ 1;
mentators, Simplicius and Porphyrius (Schol | Virg. Aen. ii.
that Corniades is the correct reading, since the 3. Q. CORNIFICIUS, son of No. 2, is first men-
latter is mentioned by Plutarch (non posse suaviter tioned in B. c. 50, as betrothing himself to the
riri sccundum Epicur. p. 1089) as a friend of Epi- daughter of Aurelia Orestilla, the beautiful but
pro-
curus, and the former could not possibly have | Migate widow of Catiline. (Cic. ad Fam. viii. 7. )
been the friend of Epicurus, as Carneades died in In the civil war between Caesar and Pompey, he
B. c. 129, and Epicurus in B. c. 209.
served in 48 as the quaestor of the former, by
COʻRNICEN, a “horn-blower," an agnomen of whom he was sent into Illyricum with the title of
Postumus Aebutius Elva, consul B. C. 442 [ELVA), propraetor. By his prudence and military skill,
and a cognomen of the Oppia gens. Cicero uses Cornificius reduced the province to a state of obe-
the form Cornicinus. (See No. 2. )
dience, and rendered no small service to Caesar's
1. Sr. Oppius CORNICE», a plebeian, one of the cause. (Hirt. B. Aler. 42. ) He seems to have
second decemvirate, B. C. 450. When the other returned to Rome in the following year, and was
decem virs had to march against the enemy, Cor-then probably rewarded by Caesar with the augu-
nicen was left as the colleague of App. Claudins to rate, as we find, from Cicero's letters, that he was
take care of the city; and it was he who convened in possession of that office in the next year. He
the senate when the people rose in arms upon the also formed an intimate friendship with Cicero,
death of Virginia. In the next year, he was sent several of whose letters to him are exunt. (dd
to prison on the evidence of an old soldier, whom, Fam. xii. 17-30. )
after twenty-seven years of service, he had ordered Cornificius did not remain long in Rome. In
to be scourged without any cause; but Cornicen, B. C. 46, we find him in Syria, where he was ob-
fearing the result of a trial, put an end to his own serving the movements of Caecilius Bassus, and in
life in prison. (Liv. iii. 35, 41, 49, 50, 58; Dio the beginning of the following year he was ap-
nys. x. 58, xi. 23, 44, 46. )
pointed by Caesar governor of Syria. (Cic. ud Fam.
2. (Oppius) CORNICINUS, a senator, the son-in- xii
. 18, 19. ) This office, however, he did not hold
law of Sex. Atilius Serranus, tribune of the plebs, long, for on the death of Caesar, in B. C. 44, he
B. C. 57. (Cic. ad Att. iv. 2. )
was in possession of the province of Old Africa.
CORNIFI'CIA. 1. Daughter of Q. Cornificius This he maintained for the senate against L. Cal-
[CORNIFICIUS, No. 2], was sought in marriage by visius Sabinus, and continued to adhere to the
Juventius Thalna in B. C. 45, when she was rather same party on the formation of the triumvirate, in
advanced in years and had been married several 43. He sent troops to the assistance of Sex.
times; but she refused his offer, because his for- Pompey, and gave shelter and protection to those
tune was not large enough. (Cic. ad Att. xiii. 29. ) who had been proscribed by the triumvirs. He
2. Sister of the poet Cornificius, is said by refused to surrender his province to T. Sextius,
Hieronymus (Chron. Euseb. Ol. 184. 4) to have who commanded the neighbouring province of
written some excellent epigrams, which were ex- New Africa, and who had ordered him, in the
tant in his time.
name of the triumvirs, to do so. Hereupon a war
CORNI'FICIA, the last surviving daughter of broke out between them. The details of this war
M. Aurelius, was put to death by Caracalla, and a are related somewhat differently by Appian and
very interesting account of her last moments and Dion Cassius; but so much is certain, that Corni-
last words has recently come to light in the frag- ficius at first defeated T. Sextius, but was eventu-
ments of Dion Cassius discovered by Mai. (Mai, ally conquered by the latter, and fell in battle.
Fragment. Vatican, ii. p. 230. ) [W. R. ] (Appian, B. C. ii. 85, iv. 36, 53—56; Dion Cass.
CORNI‘FICIA GENS, plebeian, seems to xlviii
. 17, 21; Liv. Epit. 123. )
have come originally from Rhegium. (Cic. ad Fam. Cornificius was a man of literary habits and
xii. 25. ) No persons of this name occur till the tastes. Cicero speaks highly of his judgment
last century of the republic; and the first who ob- when he sends him in B. c. 45 a copy of his ** Ora-
tained any of the higher honours of the state was tor,” but seems to banter him somewhat respecting
Q. Cornificius, praetor, B. C. 66. On coins the his oratory. (Cic. Ad Fam. xii. 17, 18. ) Many
name is written Cornuficius, which is also the form have attributed to him the authorship of the
used by Dion Cassius (xlviii. 21).
“ Rhetorica ad Herennium. ” Some remarks are
COŘNI'FICIUS. '1. Cornificius, secretary made on this subject below.
(scriba) of Verres in his praetorship, B. C. 74. The following coin refers to this Cornificius. It
(Cic. in l'err. j. 57. )
bears on the obverse the head of Ammon, and on
;
## p. 858 (#878) ############################################
858
CORNIFICIUS.
CORNUTUS.
opet
HvevRIME
the reverse Juno holding a shield and crowning a published in that year. The etymologies of Cor-
man who has a lituus in his right hand, with the nificius, frequently quoted by Festus, were taken
legend Q. CORNvFICI AVGVR IMP. From the undoubtedly from this work, and are rather worse
head of Ammon, it would appear to have been than the usual wretched etymologies of the an-
struck in Africa, and the title of Imperator was cients. Thus, for instance, nare is derived from
probably given him by his soldiers after his vic- naris, because “aqua feratur natans ut avis ;”
tory over T. Sextius.
oscillare from os and caelare; nuptiae from novus
quod nova petantur conjugia," the word for
marriage being of course of no consequence !
Again, there is a poet Cornificius mentioned by
Ovid (Trist. ii. 436), and also by Macrobius, who
has preserved an hexameter line and a half of a
poem of his, entitled “Glaucus. ” (Sat. vi. 5. )
Donatus, in his life of Virgil (SS 67, 76), likewise
speaks of a Cornificius who was an enemy and a
4. L. Cornificius, was one of the accusers of detractor of the Mantuan bard; and Servius tells
Milo in B. c. 52, after the death of Clodius. (As- 11s, that Cornificius is intended under the name of
con. in Milon. pp. 40, 54, ed. Orelli. ) The P. Amyntas in two passages of the Eclogues. (Serv.
Cornificius, a senator, also mentioned by Asconius ad Virg. Ecl. ii. 39, v. 8. ) Now, it seems proba-
(In Milon. p. 37), is probably the same person. ble enough that the poet mentioned by Ovid and
5. L. Cornificius, probably, from his praeno- Macrobius are the same ; but his identity with the
men, the son of No. 4, was the accuser of M. detractor of Virgil is rendered doubtful by the
Brutus in the court by which the murderers of statement of Hieronymus (Chron. Euseb. 01. 184.
Caesar were tried. He afterwards commanded | 4), that the poet Cornificius perished in B. C. 41,
the fleet of Octavianus in the war against Sex. deserted by his soldiers. Heyne, who is followed
Pompey, and by his boldness and bravery saved by Clinton, remarks, that, if the date of Hierony-
the fleet when it was in great danger off the coast mus is correct, the poet Cornificius must be a dif-
of Sicily (B. C. 38), and took the ship of Demo- ferent person from the detractor of Virgil, as the
chares, the admiral of the Pompeian squadron. I latter had not risen to eminence sn early as B. c.
Cornificius again distinguished himself in the cam-41; but Weichert (Poëtarum Latinorum Reliquiae,
paign of B. c. 36.
He had been left by Octavianus p. 167) observes, that as the “Culex" was written
with the land forces at Tauromenium, where they in B. c. 44 and some of the Eclogues before B. C. 41,
were in circumstances of the greatest peril; but by the rising fame of Virgil may have provoked the
a most bold and dangerous march he arrived at jealousy of Cornificius, who is described by Dona-
Mylae, and united his army with Agrippa's. For tus as a man“ perversae naturae. ”
At all events,
these services he was rewarded with the con- it is likely enough that the poet Cornificius is the
sulship in the following year, B. C. 35; and he same as the Cornificius to whom Catullus addresses
considered himself entitled to such honour from his 38th poem.
saving the lives of the soldiers, that he was accus- CORNU'TUS, occurs as an agnomen in the
tomed afterwards at Rome to ride home upon an family of the Camerini, who belonged to the pa-
elephant whenever he supped out. Like the other trician Sulpicia gens (CAMERINUS), and also as a
generals of Augustus, Cornificius was obliged after cognomen of several plebeians whose gens is un-
wards to expend some of his property in embel- known.
lishing the city, and accordingly built a temple of 1. C. CORNUTUS, tribune of the plebs in B. C.
Diana. (Plut. Brut. 27; Appian, B. C. v. 80, 86, 61, is described by Cicero as a well-meaning man,
111-115; Dion Cass. xlix. 5–7; Vell. Pat. ii. and resembling Cato in his character, whence he is
79; Dion Cass. xlix. 18; Suet. Aug. 29. )
called Pseudo-Cato. In 57 he held the office of
Quintilian speaks (iii. 1. $ 21, ix. 3. $$ 89, 98) praetor, and was among those who were active in
of one Cornificius as the writer of a work on Rhe bringing about the recall of Cicero from exile.
toric ; and, as some of the extracts which Quinti (Cic. ad Att. i. 14, Post. Red. in Sen. 9. )
lian gives from this work agree in many respects
2. M. CORNUTUS, a praetorian, served, in B. C.
both in form and substance with the “ Rhetorica 90, as legate in the Marsic war, and distinguished
ad Herennium,” several critics have ascribed the himself as an experienced officer. (Cic. pro Font.
authorship of the latter treatise to Cornificius. 15. ) He is in all probability the same person
But the difficulties in which this matter is in- with the Cornutus who, in B. C. 87, opposed Marius
volved are pointed out under CICERO, p. 727, b. ; and Cinna, and was saved from destruction through
and even if the “ Rhetorica ad Herennium the artifice of his slaves. (Appian, B. C. i. 73;
written by Cornificius, there is no reason to iden- Plut. Mar. 43. )
tify him either with Q. Cornificius, the father, or 3. M. CORNUTUS, probably a son of No. 2,
the son [No. 2 or 3], as is usually done. There was praetor urbanus in B. C. 43, and, during the
are also chronological difficulties in this supposition absence of the consuls Hirtius and Pansa, he sup-
which are pointed out in the Prolegomena to the plied their place at Rome : after the death of the
first rolume (p. lv. ) of the complete edition of Ci- consuls, he was ordered by the senate to superin-
cero's works by Schütz. (Lips. 1814. ) The au- tend their funeral. When Octavianus shortly after
thor of the work on Rhetoric referred to by Quin- demanded the consulship for himself, and advanced
tilian may be (though the matter is quite uncertain) towards Rome upon the senate refusing to grant
the same as the writer of the “ Etyma," of which it, the three legions stationed in the city went
the third book is quoted by Macrobius (Sat. i. 9), over to Octavianus, and M. Cornutus, who had the
and which must have been composed at least sub- coinmand of one of them, put an end to his life.
sequently to B. C. 44, as it contained a quotation (Cic. ad Fam. x. 12, 16, Philip. xiv. 14 ; Val. Mais
from Cicero's “ De Natura Deorum,” which was v. 2. $ 10; Appian, B. C. iii. 92. ) (L. S. ]
" were
## p. 859 (#879) ############################################
CORNUTUS.
85. 9
CORONATUS.
CORNU'TUS, a Roman historian, who, ac- / writing satires. (Wernsdorf, Poët. Lat. Min. iji.
cording to the account of Suidas (s. v. Kopvoûtos, p. xvii. 4. ) A minute account of his relation to
where, however, the account of the philosopher the poet Persius, as well as of his pupils and his
L. Annaeus Cornutus and the historian are jum- literary merits, is given by Ger. Jo. de Martini,
bled together in one article), seems to have been a Disputatio Litteraria de L. Annaco Cornuto, Lugd.
contemporary of Livy, but very inferior to him in Bat. 1825, and in Otto Jahn's Prolegomena to his
point of merit. His great wealth and the circum- edition of Persius, Lipsiae, 1843, pp. viii. —xxvii.
stance of his having no children, attracted crowds (Comp. Stabr, Aristoteles bei d. Römern, p. 71,
of admirers around him, but no further particulars &c. )
[A. S. )
are known about him. (G. J. de Martini, Disput.
CORNU'TUS, CAECI'LIUS, a man of prae-
lit. de L. Annaeo Cornuto, p. 8, &c. ) (L. S. ] torian rank in the reign of Tiberius, who was im-
CORNU'TUS, L. ANNAEUS' ('Avvalos Kop plicated, in A. D. 24, in the affair between young
voûtos), one of the commentators on Aristotle, Vibius Serenus and his father, and put an end to
concerning whose life but few particulars are known. his life to escape an unjust verdict. (Tac. Ann. iv.
The work of Diogenes Laërtius is believed to have 28. )
(L. S. )
contained a life of Cornutus, which, however, is CORNU'TUS TERTULLUS
was consul
lost. (Salmas. Exercit. Plin. p. 888, &c. ) Our suffectus in A. D. 101 together with Pliny the
principal sources of information are Suidas (s. v. Younger, who mentions hin several times as a
Kopvoûtos)—where, however, only the last words person of great merit. (Epist. iv. 17, v. 15, vii.
of the article refer to the philosopher, and all the 21, 31. )
(L. S. ]
rest to Cornutus the historian and Eudocia (p. CORO'BIUS (Kupuóbios), a purple-dyer of Ita-
273). Cornutus was born at Leptis in Libya, and nus in Crete. When the Theraeans were seeking
came, probably in the capacity of a slave, into the for some one to lead them to Libya, where the
house of the Annaei, which was distinguished for Delphic oracle had enjoined them to plant a colony,
its love of literary pursuits. The Annaei emanci- Corobius undertook to shew them the way. He
pated him (whence his name Annaeus), and he accordingly conducted a party of them to the island
became the teacher and friend of the poet Persius, of Platea, off the Libyan coast, and there he was
on whose intellectual culture and development he left by them with a supply of provisions, while
exercised a very great influence. He was sent they sailed back to Thera to report how matters
into exile by Nero, for having too freely criticised stood. As they did not however retum to Platea
the literary attempts of the emperor. (Dion Cass. at the time appointed, Corobius was in danger of
lxii. 29. ) This happened, according to Hieronymus perishing from hunger, but was relieved by the
in his Chronicle, in A. D. 68. The account of Dion crew of a Samian ship which had been driven to
Cassius furnishes a characteristic feature of the the island on its way to Egypt. (Herod. iv. 151,
defiance peculiar to the Stoics of that time, to whom 152. ) For the connexion of Crete with Thera,
Cornutus also belonged, as we see from the fifth and of Samos with Cyrene, see Herod. iv. 154,
satire of Persius. That he was a man of very ex-
162-164.
[E. E. )
tensive knowledge is attested by the authority of COROEBUS (Kópoulos), a Phrygian, a son of
Dion Cassius, as well as by the works he wrote. Mygdon, was one of the heroes that fought in the
One of the most important of the philosophical Trojan war on the side of the Trojans. He was
productions of Cornutus was his work on Aristotle's one of the suitors of Cassandra, and was slain by
Categories, which is referred to by the later com- Neoptolemus or Diomedes. (Paus. ix. 27. $ 1;
mentators, Simplicius and Porphyrius (Schol | Virg. Aen. ii.
