No More Learning

;
theoretically king of the Lombards, 220;
conspires against Charles the Great, 600;
independence of, 601; comes to terms,
ib. ; death, 602
Gisulf, Duke of, in the power of Liut-
prand, 212; the duchy restored to, 214
Godescalc, Duke of, opposes Liutprand,
130, 213, 695; surrenders, 214; makes
alliance with Gregory II, 695; and with
Gregory III, ib.
Grimoald, Duke of, son of Arichis of
Benevento, offered as a hostage, 601;
made duke, 602
— Liutprand, Duke of, driven away by
Desiderius, 217
— Radelchis, Duke of, and the Saracens,
384
— Romuald, Duke of, son of Grimoald,
negotiates with imperialists, 205, 394;
becomes Duke of Benevento, 206; treats
with Perctarit, ib. ; takes Brindisi and
Tarento, 693
— Romuald II, Duke of, and Gregory II,
212; death, ib.
— Sikard, Duke of, besieges Naples, 383;
death, 384
— Zotto, Duke of, establishes himself at
Benevento, 198
Bensington, captured by Wulfhere, 553;
battle of, 564
Benwell, inscriptions at, 473, 476, 479
Berāzrūd Canal, 298
216,


## p. 832 (#864) ############################################

832
Index
Berbers, the, revolt of, 18; subdued, 14;
23, 35; revolt against Ma'ddite rule, 129;
183, 227; make peace with the Empire,
267; 283, 287; accept Islam, 365 sq. ;
support the patricius Gregory, 367; and
'Ukba, 368 ; successes of, against Sara-
cens, 369; policy of Hassan towards,
370; invade Spain, 871 sq. ; in Gaul,
374; at feud with the Arabs, 375 sq. ;
rise against the Arabs, 377; form inde-
pendent states, 378; 380, 382, 387;
hostile to the Arabs in Sicily, 389
Berotgils (Boniface), Bishop of Dunwiob,
528
Berctwald, Archbishop of Canterbury, abbot
of Beculver, 558 sq. ; made archbishop,
559 ; holds a synod, 562
Bergamo, 644
Bergamo, Bothari, Duke of, aspires to the
throne, 211; killed, ib.
Berhta, wife of Aethelberht of Kent, 255,
515
Berkshire, 552, 572
Berlin, 482
Bermudo II, of Spain, 190
Bernard, St, 261
Bernard, uncle of Charles the Great, leads
an army over the Alps, 598
Bernard, grandson of Charles the Great,
appointed under-king of Italy, 624, 659
Bernioia, kingdom of, 510 sq. ; joined to
Deira, 522, 545; Faulinus in, 523; and
the northern missionaries, 526; 527,
544; separated from Deira, 546; 554;
two sees for, 656
Bernicians, the, defeated, 522
Berny-Biviere (Brennacum), villa of Mero-
vingian kings at, 110
Berri, conquered by Pepin, 593
Bertefried, Austrasian noble, attacks Brun-
hild, 122
Bertha, daughter of Charles the Great, 663
Berthar, Mayor of the Palace in Neustria,
defeated at Tertry, 127
Bertoald, Mayor of the Palace, 157
Bertrada, widow of Pepin III, seeks alliance
with Lombard royal family, 218, 596,
701; 219; blessed by Stephen III, 699
Bertramn, Bishop of Le Mans, leaves
property to his see, 144
Berytus, law school at, 61
Besancon, united to see of Lyons, 145; 148
Beuvray, Mt, 460
Bewcastle, 475
Bex, Burgundians victorious near, 198
Beziers, fortifications destroyed, 129; 162,
179; Arabs expelled from, 682
Bibracte, capital of the Aedui, 460
Bieda, attaoked by Lombards, 219
Bilal the Abyssinian, a convert of Mahomet,
310
Bilin, 450
Birdoswald, inscriptions at, 475 sq.
Birinus, Bishop of Dorchester on Thames,
apostle of Wessex, 525, 546
Birrens, inscription at, 476
Birtha, king of. See Lucius Aelius
Bishr, brother of 'Abbas, 415
Biskra, 369
BiBsonnum, 158
Bithynia, 416
Bizerta, 370
Bizye, Maximus in exile at, 403
Blachernae, shrine of the Virgin at, un-
harmed by Avars, 296; mutineers enter
through gate of, 410; Tiberius in church
of the Virgin at, 413 sq. ; rebels enter by
gate of, 416
Black Death, the, 530
Blackmoorland, inscription at, 474
Black Sea, the (Euxine), Justinian holds
the sea-board against the Persians, 30;
32 sq. ; trade on, 41, 155; 266; Persian
troops reach, 292; 419 sq. , 427, 430, 435,
437 note, 500
Bleatarn, 475
Bleda, castle of, taken by Liutprand, 213
Blemmyea, 35
Blenkinsop Castle, inscription at, 476
Blues, the, faction, struggle with the Greens,
1, 51; support Justinian, 7 sq. ; and the
Nika Biot, 8 sq. ; and the Emperor
Maurice, 281 sq. ; in Antioch and other
cities, 285,287 ; standard of, burnt, 288;
and Justinian II, 409; proclaim Leon-
tius, 410
Boann, goddess, 478
Bobbio, River, 202
Bobbio, monastery of, founded by St
Columbanue, 148
Bodb Catha, Irish war-goddess, 477
Bohmerwald, 462; boundary of the empire
of Charles the Great, 614 sq.
Boethiug, Anicius Manlius Severinas, put
to death, 6
Boethius (Boece), Hector, writes a history
of Scotland, 509
Bohemia, centre of a Slav kingdom, 155;
the Avars in, 436; 487, 442, 445;
Pfemysl prince in, 450; 452 sq. , 067
Bohemians, the, 420, 453; names of clans
among, 454 note; 457
Boisil, Prior of Melrose Abbey, death of,
529
Boleslav Ehrobry, 455
Bologna, Theudibert at, 119; Lombard
boundary extended to, 212; 213, 228,
693
Bonakis, general, defeats the troops of
Phocas, 287
Boniface, St (Winfrid, Bonifatius), Arch-
bishop of Mainz, 128 sq. ; receives in-
vestiture from the Pope, 130; probably
present at consecration of Pepin, 131;
submits Germanic converts to the papacy,
146; ecclesiastical reform of, 149; and
the letters of Gregory the Great, 241,
517 ; cited, 421; 523, 532 sq. ; letter to,
cited, 534; 535; at Borne, 536; in
Frisia, ib. ; consecrated, 537; work of,


## p. 833 (#865) ############################################

Indea: 833
537–541; made archbishop, 588, 698;
councils held by, 539 sq. ; leaves Fulda,
541 ; death, ib. ; burial, ib. ; importance
of his work, 541 sq. , 576; anoints Pepin,
581, 659; 583, 592, 616, 647, 697 sqq. ,
702
oniface IV, Pope, and Columbanus, 500
oniface V, Pope, 618
onifacius, Earl of Tyrrhenia, raids North
African coast, 381
onneuil, 115 -
ionosus, Count of the East, sent to quell
riot in Antioch, 286; and in Jerusalem,
287; defeats forces of Heraclius, ib. ;
driven from Egypt, ib. ; killed, 288
Honus, general, holds Sirmium against the
Avars, 268; recalled, 269; 292; negotiates
with the Avars, 295; holds Constantinople
against the barbarians, 296
took of Deer, the, cited, 513
3ook of Edifices, the, lauds Justinian, 2
}ook of Leinster, the, cited, 478
Sorbo, 460
}ordeaux (Burdigala), Ruricius at, 113;
captured by Clovis, 114, 160; taken by
Arabs, 129; a metropolitan see, 145;
trade of, 156; origin of, 460
Bordeaux, Bishop of. See Leontius
Borut, duke of the Carinthians, 449
Bosham (Bosanham), monastery founded
at, 530
Bosphorus, the, 39, 413
Bosporus, port, trading centre, 41; taken
by Turks, 276; 411
Bothuele, Abbot of Dunfermline, 509
Bougival, origin of name, 152
Bourbon, 460
Bourbonne-les-Bains, inscription at, 475
Bourges, a metropolitan see, 145
Brabant, 126
Bracara. See Braga
3raciaca, god, 473
Bradford-on-Avon, battle of, 552
Braga (Bracara), victory of Leovigild at,
170
Braga, Bishop of. See Martin
Braganza, province, 166
Bran, the voyage of, 478
Braulio, Bishop of Saragossa, compiler of
the code of Reces winth, 179; 192
Bredon, 573
Bremen, church built in, 613
Brennacum. See Berny-Rivière
Brescia, held by Goths, 18; dukedom of,
seized by Alahis of Tridentum, 206;
474
Brest, 119
Brest Litovsk, 419
Bretons, the, retain their native dukes,
677
Bretwalda, explanation of term, 543
Breviarium Alarici, 58, 113, 138, 160;
abolished, 178
Brexillum, Drocton, Duke of, assists im-
perialists, 199
c. MEd. h. vol. ii.
Bridge, battle of the, 339, 346
Bridget, St. , 498 sq.
Brie, abbey in, see Faremoutier-en-Brie
Brigantes, the, 473
Brigantia, goddess, 476
Bºº. connected by legend with St Patrick,
50
Brigit, goddess, 476 sq.
Brindisi (Brundusium), occupied by Lom-
bards, 205; burnt by Saracens, 383;
taken by Duke of Benevento, 693
Britain, Kelts driven from, 118; Gregory
plans the conversion of, 237; 252;
Augustine's mission to,254sqq. ; druidism
in, 470 sq. ; Keltic heathenism in,
ch. xv (B) passim; Christianity brought
into,496–502; 509 sq. ; 514; bishops of,
; Augustine, 518 sqq. ; 574, 635, 697,
British Church, the, origin of, 496 sq. ;
orthodoxy of, 500 sq. ; remains left by,
501; and Augustine, 518 sqq. ; and
Laurentius, 521
British Isles, the, Keltic heathemism in,
ch. xv (b) passim; 615
British Museum, the, Arabian papyri in,
cited, 373; M. S. in, 512
Britons, the, sub-divisions of, 118; 462,
484, 499, 509, 514, 519; antagonism to
English, 520; beaten at Chester, 521;
522; Wulfhere defeats, 552; 571
Brittany, Kelts established in, 118; 141;
593; native dukes continue in, 677
Brixen (Seben), ancient bishopric of,
225
Brixworth, Roman remains at, 501
Brougham Castle, inscription at, 475
Bro-Waroch, 119
Brude Mac Maelchon, King of the Picts,
and St Columba, 513
Bruide, King of the Picts, 559
Brunhild (Brunehaut), daughter of Athana-
gild, marries Sigebert, 120, 164; escapes
to Austrasia, 121; her struggle with the
nobles, 122; regency, 122 sq. ; death,
123; and Columbanus, 124, 148; cha-
racter of rule, 124; and Augustine's
mission, 124, 254 sq. , 259; and Gregory
the Great, ib. , 146, 254, 257 sq. , 576;
156; 168, 200
Brunisberg, Frankish army reaches, 611
Bruttium,228, 232; held by the Byzantines,
698
Bu’āth, Day of, battle, 312
Bucelin, chief of the Alemanni, invades
Italy, 18
Buchan, 513
Buchanan, Maurice, Liber Pluscardensis of,
509
Buckinghamshire, 553, 572
Büraburg, diocese of, formed, 538; 540
Büraburg, Bishop of. See Witta
Bulgăr, 429
Bulgaranus, count, 192
Bulgars, Bulgarians, settled on the Danube,
53


## p. 834 (#866) ############################################

834
Index
30; predatory expedition of, 31; 35;
besiege Constantinople, 295; 428 sq. ;
in the Pontes steppe, 435 sq. ; 437 note,
439 sq. , 442; settle in Italy, 443; 444 sq. ,
451 sq. ; defeat imperial forces (680), 405,
(689) 406, (708) 412; 411, 413; threaten
Constantinople, 414 sq. ; 443
Borcbard, Bishop of Wurzburg, ambassador
of Pepin to Pope Zaeharias, 131, 581;
538 sq.
Bnrdigala. See Bordeaux
Burdurellus, chief of the Bagaud&e, captured
and slain, 161
Borford, West Saxon raid reaches, 564
Burgh Castle, 524
Burgh-by-Sands, inscription at, 476
Burgondians, the, extend their territory,
109; 110 sq. ; attacked by Clovis, 112;
join Salian Franks, 114; defeated by
Franks and Ostrogoths, 117; character-
istics, 118; 138, 141, 159 sqq. , 198, 491;
633, 672
Burgundy, kingdom of, code of laws for,
57; dual role in, 109; Gundobad usurps
sole power in, 112; 116; seized by sons
of Clovis, 117 sq. ; Mayor of Palace for,
instituted, 124; rule of Dagobert in, 125;
126; straggle of Ebroin and Leodegar in,
127; Charles Martel supreme in, 128;
conferred on Pepin, 130; 136 sq. , 256,
524, 549, 584, 592; assigned to Carloman,
595; 640
Bust, Amir, reaches the Oasis of Jufra,
366; raidsIsauria, 393; ravages Hexapolis,
396; 397
Busta Gallomm, 17
Bawaib, Muslims victorious at, 346
Byzacena, revolt in, 13; included in the
Empire, 14; forms a military district,
21 ; fortresses in, 22; 35; 224
Buzakha, battle of, 336
Byzantine Empire. See Empire
Byzantines (Greeks), the, and the conquest
of Italy, 18, 118; form a province in
Spain, 19; and the Persian wars, 28 sqq. ;
and the silk trade, 41; 119; merchants
among, 156; in Africa and Spain, 163 sqq. ;
Hermenegild intrigues with, 169 sq. ,259;
and Becared, 171 sq. ; defeated by Sisebut,
173; relinquish the Algarves, 175 ; in-
fluence of, on Visigoths, 191; remnants
of territory in Italy, 232; relation of
Venice to, 234; 235; 261; routed near
Antioch, 289; victorious at Mu'ta, 323 sq. ;
326 sq. ; defeated in Syria, 340 sqq. ;
defeated in Egypt, 349 sqq. ; oppose the
Saracens in North Africa, eh. xn passim;
and trade in slaves, 429; 431, 444, 481,
575; plot against the Franks, 601; de-
feated, 602; 608; and the question of
image-worship, 616 sq. ; and the corona-
tion of Charles the Great, 622 sqq. ; 686,
689; abandon the Exarchate, 691 sqq. ;
700
Byzantium. See Constantinople
Cacco. son of Gisulf of Friuli, eseapee from
the Avars, 203; fights the Slavs, ib.
Caceres, supports Hermenegild, 169
Cacorizus, chamberlain, commands fleet,
393
Cadiz, province, 185
Cadwalader, King of Gwynedd, allied with
Penda, 527, 546
Cadwallon, King of Gwynedd, victories of,
525, 544; slain, 525, 545; 527
Caedmon of Whitby, 574
Caelestius, missionary to Ireland, 500, 504
Caerleon-upon-Csk, 497 sq.
Caerwent, remains of temple at, 479
Caesar, Julius, 78, 459 sq. ; cited, 462 sqq. ,
630 sq. , 639
Caesarea in Bithynia, Bishop of. See
Theodosius
Caesarea in Cappadocia, 274; Persians in,
285, 288; the Bomans recover, 289 sq. ;
Heraclius assembles his army at, 293;
forced to pay tribute, 393; 394
Caesarea in Cappadocia, Bishops of. See
Basil, Theodore Askidas
Caesarea in Mauretania, 224
Caesarea in Palestine (Kaisariya), law
school suppressed, 61; 287; Persians at,
290; and the Arab invasion, 341, 343;
taken, 345; 349
Caesarius, Bishop of Aries, founds monas-
teries, 147
Caesena, castles of, occupied by Liutprand.
214
Cahors, 125
Cahors, Bishop of. See Didier
Cairo, 350; founded, 379; 389
Caisselire, church founded at, 506
Calabria, ducatus of, 228,232 sq. ; Saracens
attack, 383 sq. ; Saracens expelled from,
387 sq. ; 539; Byzantines defeated in,
602; 693
Calendar, the sacred, of the Arabs, 326 sq.
Caliphs, Caliphate, the, 330 sq. ; origin of
title, 333; 339; at Damascus, 346; 353,
365; foreign policy of, 373; 376, 378,
386
Calistus, Patriarch of Aquileia, quarrels
with Pemmo of Friuli, 213
Calleva Atrebatum. See Silohester
Callinieum, battle of, 28; fort at, 33; 265;
taken by the Persians, 288
Callinicus, Patriarch of Constantinople,
409; crowns Leontius, 410; blinded and
banished, 411
Callinicus, exarch, concludes an armistice
with the Lombards, 201; welcomed by
Gregory, 249; renews war, 250
Callinicus, Syrian architect, invents Greek
fire, 397
Calonymus, island, Heraclius at, 288
Calor, River, Constans II defeated on, 394
Camacha, fortress, 397; taken by Arabs,
412
Cambodunum, Campodunum. See Slack
Camboses, Arab leader, 267


## p. 835 (#867) ############################################

Indea:
835
Cambrai, 128
Cambridge, statutes of the thanes gild in,
cited, 636
Cambyses, 689
Camel battle, the, 356 sq.
Camelorigi, 473
Camillus, 17
Campagna, the, devastated by Lombards,
213, 216, 243; 248
Campania, the, Totila in, 16; Narses in,
18; 231, 234
Campulus, sacellarius, plans the attack on
Leo III, 703
Campus madius (Mayfield), annual assembly,
135, 581, 669
Campus martius (Marchfield), annual as-
sembly, 135, 581, 669
Campus Wocladensis. See Wouglé
Camulodunum (Camalodunum). See Col-
chester
Camulorigho, 473
Camulos (Camalos), god, 473
Candida Casa, Bishop of. See Ninian
Candidus, presbyter, represents Gregory
the Great in Gaul, 146
Cantabri, Cantabrians, the, insurrection of,
167; 459
Cantabria, 159, 162, 191
Cantabria, Fafila (Fairla), Duke of, ban-
ished and slain, 182
Canterbury, Augustine at, 516–519; Raed-
wald baptised at, 521; 527, 557; and
Offa, 565; school of, founded, 573; and
the see of Rome, 697
Canterbury, Bishops and Archbishops of.
See Augustine, Becket, Berctuald, Cuth-
bert, Frithonas, Honorius, Justus,
Laurentius, Tatwin, Theodore, Wighard
Canute. See Knut
Capitulare Heristallense, 670
Cappadocia, 39; the Persians occupy, 285;
Priscus commands in, 288; 293. ; Walen-
tine in, 392; 395 sq. ; Arabs in, 417
Capsa, 224
Capua, Alemanni defeated near, 18; plun-
dered by Saracens, 386; Constans II
threatens, 394; Charles the Great ad-
vances to, 601
Capua, Count of, helps Grimoald of Bene-
vento, 204
Caput-Vada, Belisarius lands at, 12
Caracalla, Emperor, 87
Caralis, Lake, 396
Carantani, 445
Carantania (pagus Crauuti), 437, 443, 452,
608
Sq.
Carbonaria, island, Baian and Theognis
negotiate on, 276
Carcassonne, captured by Ostrogoths, 114,
161; bishopric established at, 142; Arab
army reaches, 605
Carinthia, peasant duke in, 446, 448;
452; work of St Amandus in, 534; 608
Carinthians, the, and their peasant princes,
449, 457
Carisiacum. See Quierzy-sur-Oise
Carlisle (Luguvallium), 472 sq. , 475
Carloman, son of Charles Martel, receives
half the kingdom, 130, 699; becomes a
monk, 131, 541, 576, 699; and the
reform of the Frankish Church, 146;
sent as ambassador to Pepin, 216, 584;
and Boniface, 539 sq. ; 580 sq. ; goes to
Monte Cassino, 583; 586; and the land
of the Church, 646
Carloman, son of Pepin III, dies, 219, 701;
Charles the Great seizes realm of, ib. ;
widow and children of, take refuge with
Desiderius, 219 sq. , 701; anointed king,
584; 589; inherits half the kingdom,
594 sq. , 701; crowned king, ib. ; death,
596, 701; 599; 670; blessed by Ste-
phen III, 699
Carloman, West Frankish king, description
of the court of Charles the Great written
for, 668 sq.
Carlovingians. See Carolingians
Carlsburg, built, 611
cºmm Liber, of Wenantius Fortunatus,
1
Carmona, resists Arab attack, 372
Carnarvonshire, 472
Carnavalet Museum, Paris, statuette of
Charles the Great in, 626
Carniola, Župans in, 446, 448
Carnutes, the, 464, 468, 470
Carolingians (Carlovingians), the, 130, 135,
581, ch. xx passim, 706
Carpathian Mts, 418, 426, 430, 432, 435,
487; boundary of Bulgarian kingdom,
440; 442
Carpentras, taken by Theodoric, 117
Carrarich, King of the Sueves, 165 sq.
Carrawburgh, Keltic remains near, 479
Carrhae, fort at, 33
Carteya, taken by Muslims, 184
Carthage, taken by Belisarius, 12 sq. ; re-
built, 24; 224; church council held at,
252; death of Ingundis at, 259; 291,
366; and the patricius Gregory, 367;
and Dinár, 368; taken by the Saracens,
369; lost and retaken, 370; 381; Arabs
driven from, 410
Carthage, Bishop of. See Dominicus
Carthagena, taken by imperialists, 19; 170;
on trade route, 191
Carthagena, Bishop of. See Licinianus
Carthaginensis, held in part by Visigoths,
159, 164
Carthaginians, the, 463, 468
Carvoran, inscriptions at, 475 sq.
Cashel, Bishop of. See Cormac
Casia, island, Avars and Romans negotiate
on, 276
Caspian (Caucasian) Gates, Huns in, 28
Caspian Sea, the, 41, 427 sq.
Cassian, 147
Cassiodorus, Magnus Aurelius, cited, 160
Castellane (civitas Salinensium), 142
Castlesteads, inscription at, 475
53–2


## p. 836 (#868) ############################################

836
Index
Castor and Pollux, 485
Castrogiovanni, resists Arab attack, 382;
390
Catalonia, 167
Catholicism, Hermenegild refuses to abjure,
170; Becared'e conversion to. 171 sq. ,
259; becomes religion of Visigothic state,
172,260; influences Visigothic legislation,
189; hastens extinction of Visigothic
language, 192; Arian bishop of Pavia
converted to, 204; spreads throughout
Italy, 206; 239; spreads among the
Lombards, 250
Catholics, the, protected by Justinian, 5,
44; persecuted by Vandals in Africa,
9 sq. ; 48; offended by Justinian's
policy, 49; and Clovis, 112, 160; and
Agila, 163; and Athanagild, 164; and
the conversion of Hermenegild, 168;
Leovigild's treatment of, 169; strong
position of, in Spain, 171 sq. ; Jewish
children to be married to, 181 ; favoured
by Theodelinda's government, 202; and
Aripert, 204
Catterick, 523
Caucasus Mts, Roman influence over tribes
in, 7, 28; send recruits to imperial army,
11; Huns in, 28; 29sq. , 35; 279; Hera-
clius finds allies in, 294, 297; 349, 353;
form boundary of Caliph's territory, 354;
406, 416, 427
Cavaillon, taken by Theodoric, 117
Ceadwalla, King of Wessex, rise of, 559 sq. ;
baptism, 560; death, ib. ; 561, 563, 566
Ceaiius, god, 473
Ceccano, castle of, taken by Lombards, 215
Cedd, brother of Chad, missionary to
Mercia, 528; consecrated bishop for
Essex, 529, 546; death, ib. ; 547
Celestine I, Pope, 500; sends Palladius to
Ireland, 502 sq.
Celin, chaplain to Aethelwald of Deira,
529
Cell Muine, Britons of, 499
Celtic Church in Britain and Ireland, of
Prof. Zimmern, cited, 505
(Jems, Mt, 216 sq. , 220, 225, 589, 598
Cenn Cruaich (Crom Cruaich), idol, de-
stroyed, 478, 506
Centwine, West Saxon prince, forced to
become a monk, 560
Ceollach, Bishop of the Middle Angles and
the Mercians, 528
Ceolred, King of Mercia, 563
Cephallenia, 413
Cerdic, strife in the house of, 560
Ceuta (Septem), Justinian holds, 14, 19,
22; taken by Theudis, 163; 183, 224;
included in Mauretania Secunda, 227,
283; 371; Philagrius banished to, 391
Cevennes Mts, form boundary of Septimania,
160, 581, 692
Ceylon, exports of, 41; 53
Chad, St, abbot of Lastingham,429; bishop
of York, 530 555
Chalcedon, Avar embassy sent to, 266;
Kardarigan reaches, 285; Sahln marches
on, 290; Sahrbaraz stationed at, 295 sq. ;
taken by Saracens, 354,397; Constantine
at, 391; and Valentine's army, 392; 413;
451
Council of. See Councils, Oecumeni-
cal
Chalon-sur-Sadne, monastery founded at,
147
Chamavi, the, Folkright of, written down,
673
Champagne, 137; St Columbanus in, 148
Champlien, ancient temple at, 466
Chanson de Roland, 605, 625
Chansom de Geste, the, 625
Charade, King of the Salian Franks, 110;
death, 115
Charibert, King of Paris, son of Chiotar I,
120; 137; lauded by Fortunatus, 156;
515
Charibert, son of Chlotar II. 125
Charles the Great (Charlemagne), 58, 127;
compared with Charles Martel, 130 sq. ;
134, 138; reforms of, 139, 141; 144;
terms of military service under, 154; 155,
158; marries Desiderata, 218, 701;
divorces her, 219, 596, 701; seizes terri-
tory of Carloman, 219; subdues the
Lombards, 220; makes an agreement
about the Pontifical state, 233; renounces
conquest of Venice, 234; and the Sara-
cens, 381 ; 437 note, 440, 445, 454, 486.
488, 492; and Offa, 563 sq. ; and Alcuin,
574; receives Pope Stephen, 584, 699;
and the Papal claims, 587 sqq. ; inherits
half the kingdom, 593 sqq. ; cb. xrx
passim; parentage, 595; crowned king,
ib. ; seizes the inheritance of Carloman's
children, 596; wars of, 597 sqq. ; renews
the donation of Pepin, 599, 702; puts
down the revolt of Hrodgaud, 600; and
the Beneventines, 602; his relations with
the pope, 603; invasion of Spain, 604 sq. ;
relations with Bavaria, 606 sq. ; and the
Avars, 609; extent of empire of, 615;
relations with the Church, ib. , 616; and
the Libri Carolini, 616; and Leo HI,
619 sq. ; crowned emperor, 620 sq. ,
704 sq. ; significance of the coronation,
621 sqq. , 705 sq. , 706 and note; death,
625; legends of, 625 sq. ; appearance,
626; character, 627; his conception of
empire, 628; importance of, in history,
629; 649; legislation and administration
of, ch. xxi passim; his ideal for the
state, 658 sq. ; 687, 694, 696, 700 sq. ;
and Hadrian I, 703
Charles Martel, seizes supreme authority,
128; victorious over Arabs, 129, 374;
and Gregory III, 130, 576, 580, 695;
death, 130, 539; divides the kingdom, ib. ;
131, 133; gives church preferment to
laymen, 146; seizes church property,
153 sq. , 646; and Lintprand, 211; 216;


## p. 837 (#869) ############################################

Indea:
837
helps Boniface, 537, 539; 563, 575; and
the Saxons, 610; 682, 698 sq. , 702
Jharles II, the Bald, Emperor, 626, 660,
668
Xharles IV, Emperor, as king of Bohemia,
450
Jharles, son of Charles the Great, 612;
campaigns of, 614 sq. ; 624, 659
Jhartres, 142, 468
Dhateaudun, bishopric established at, 142
Dhatti, the, 484
Chazars, the, form an alliance with Hera-
clius, 297; 298; defeat the Arabs, 353;
406; Khan of, helps Justinian II, 41. 1;
412; kill officers of Justinian II, 413 ;
428 sq. ; 443
Chedinus, duke, marches against Werona,
200
Chedworth, early Christian relics at, 501
Chekhs (Čechs, Czechs), the, 450, 454 note;
not included in Frankish empire, 614 sq.
Chelles, 122
Chelsea, synod held at, 565
Chennevières, origin of name, 152
Cheriton (Pembrokeshire), 473
Cherso, island, 384
Cherson, walls for defence of, 33; trade
of, 41; Pope Martin banished to, 402;
Justinian II in exile at, 409 sqq. ;
Justinian sends expedition against,412 sq.
Chersonese, the (Crimean). See Crimea
Chersonesus (Thracian), walls of, 33
Chersonites, the, and Justinian II, 412 sq.
Chertsey Abbey, founded, 561
Cherusci, the, 194, 639
Cheshire, 544, 551, 557
Chester, inscription at, 476; battle of, 521;
544, 546
Chesterford, inscription at, 475
Chester-le-Street, inscription at, 474
Childebert I, son of Clovis, inherits part of
kingdom, 116; death, ib. ; seizes Bur-
gundy, 117; founds monastery, 119, 147;
133; invades Spain, 119, 162
Childebert II, son of Sigebert, proclaimed
king in Austrasia, 121; minority, 122;
inherits Burgundy, 123; death, ib. ; 133;
murders Magnovald, 134; marches against
the Lombards, 199; sister of, betrothed
to Authari, 200; instructions of Gregory
the Great to, 257 sq.
Childeric, King of the Franks, 109
Childeric III, last Merovingian king, de-
position, 131, 699; made a monk, ib. ;
death, 131 ; 660
Chilperic, King of Soissons, son of Chlotar I,
marriages, 120, 164; at war with Sige-
bert, ib. ; character, 121; conquests, 122;
death, ib. ; 133, 140; and the Jew Priscus,
156; 641
Chilperic, Burgundian prince, death, 109,
111
Chiltern Hills, the, 553, 560, 564, 572
Chilternsaete, the, subdued by Wulfhere,
553
China, exports silk, 41 sq. ; and the Turks,
269 sq. ; the Arabs reach, 363
Chindaswinth, King of the Visigoths, 58; re-
pressive policy of, 176 sq. ; death, 177;
legislation of, 178; 186 sq. ; 192
Chinghiz (Genghis) Khan, 453
Chintila, King of the Visigoths, elected,
176; 177, 180
Chiusi, Reginbald, Duke of, conspires
against Charles the Great, 600
Chloderic, Frankish prince, helps Clovis,
113; rebels against Sigebert, 116
Chlomara, fortress of, besieged by Philip-
picus, 278
Chlotar I, son of Clovis, succeeds to Mero-
vingian dominions, 116; death, 117;
invades Burgundy, ib. ; marriage, 119;
sons of, 120; 133; founds monastery of
St Médard, 147; invades Spain, 162;
lays a tribute on the Saxons, 610; in-
subordination of his host, 641
Chlotar II, loses part of Neustria, 123; sole
ruler in Gaul, 124; concessions to nobles,
ib. ; 125; and the appointment of bishops,
143; 534
Chnaitha, Heraclius at, 298
Chollerford, 525
Chonober, count of Brittany, 116
Chosroes I, Anoushirvan, King of Persia,
attacks Roman territory, 29; makes
treaty with Rome, 30; harries Asia, 50;
negotiates with Justin II, 266 sq. ; tries
to enforce fire-worship, 270; claims the
Roman tribute, 271; takes Dara, 272;
defeated, 274; death, 275
Chosroes II, King of Persia, crowned, 280;
appeals to Rome, ib. , 283; restored to his
throne, ib. ; Maurice appeals for help to,
282; declares war on Rome, 284; helps
adherents of Maurice against Phocas,
285; advancestowards the Mediterranean,
288 sqq. ; 292; refuses peace, 293; de-
feated, 294; 295; and the Chazars, 297;
takes flight before Heraclius, 298; death,
299
Chramnichis, Frankish duke, defeated, 199
Chramnus, son of Chlotar I, rebels, 116
Christ, teaching of Mahomet concerning,
309
Christ Church, Canterbury, built by Augus-
time, 519; land book of the monks
preserved, 558
Christianity, spread of, in Asia, 28, 46;
Clovis and, 111 sq. ; preached to the
Frisians, 127; 128; preached in Thur-
ingia, Alemannia, and Bavaria, 129;
influence of, in Frankish kingdom, 133 sq. ,
142; forced on Jews in Spain, 175 sq.
;
192; Lombards accept, 195; 237; cha-
racter of, in Gaul, 256; 261; and the
Slavs, 297; among the Arabs, 303;
Mahomet's knowledge of, 306, 308 sq.
and Islām, 329 sqq. ; among the Slavs,
425, 454; 480; brought into Britain,
496–502; brought into Ireland, 502-508;


## p. 838 (#870) ############################################

838
Index
brought into Scotland, 509–513; brought
to the English, 514–581,544–547; brought
into Germany, 532–542; changes intro-
duced into England with, 547-551;
brought to the Saxons, 582; preached
to the Avars, 609; preached in vain to
the Saxons, 610; forced on the Saxons,
611 sq. ; Danes and Obodrites reject, 614
Christians, 73, 108; and the baptism of
Clovis, 1. 12; under anthority of the
bishops, 135; marriages of Jews with,
forbidden, 174; 175; 177; Jews conspire
against, 181; expelled from Nisibis, 272;
leave Caesarea in Cappadocia, 285; and
the restoration of the Holy Cross, 299;
305 sq. ; Mahomet's view of, 307 sqq. ;
314 note; Mahomet exacts tribute from,
326; and the Saracens in Sicily, 383; in
Ireland, 502–508
Christne Saga, the, 544
Christopher, turmarch of the Thracesii,
sent to Cherson, 413
Christophorus (Christopher), primicerius,
intervenes in papal election, 218, 696;
killed, ib. ; and the Donation of Con-
stantine, 586 note; 702
Chrodegang, Bishop of Metz, by his rule for
the clergy originates secular canons, 143,
592; envoy from Pepin to the pope, 583;
587
Chronicum Novaliciense, cited, 625
Chrysopolis, 405; Arabs at, 412; adherents
of Theodosius at, 416
Chrysostom, St John, Bishop of Constanti-
nople, cited, 500
Church, the, organisation of, in Gaul,
43 sqq. ; under the Merovingians, 141–9;
in Britain, ch. xv. 1 (B), ch. xv. 11 passim.
See Catholicism
Church of S. Alphege, Canterbury, 516
— S. Apollinare in Classe, Ravenna,
built, 24
— the Apostles, Constantinople, built,
40; sepulchre of Justinian in, 264
— the Apostles, Paris, built by Clovis, 115
—the Archangel, Constantinople, pillaged
by Avars, 292
— SS. Cosmas and Damian in the
Hebdomon, Constantinople, pillaged by
Avars, 291; burnt, 296
Cristo de la Luz, Toledo, 193
— S. Euphemia, Chalcedon, Vigilius
takes refuge in, 48
— S. Gatien, Tours, Clovisat, 115
— S. Geneviève, Paris, 115
— S. Germain-des-Près, Paris, 119, 157,
163, 193
T. " Hilary, Poitiers, burnt by Arabs,
1
— S. Irene, Constantinople, rebuilt, 40
— S. John the Baptist, Constantinople,
Phocas crowned in, 282
— S. Juan de Baños, Palencia, 193
— S. John the Baptist, Pavia, Gunde-
berga allowed Catholic service in, 203
Church of S. Jean, Poitiers, baptistery ºf
157
— S. John Lateran, Rome, MSS. pre:
served at, 243; synod held in, 401: 58:
founded by Constantine, 586; massie
described, 615; 703
— S. Laurence, Rome, 703
— S. Laurent, Grenoble, crypt of, 157
— S. Martin, Canterbury, possibly
Romano-British, 501; English convers
at, 516, 519
— S. Martin, Tours, Clovisat, 115; 157
— S. Médard, Soissons, Chlotar buried
in, 117
— S. Miguel de Escalada, Leon, 193
— S. Miguel de Tarrasa, Toledo, 193
— S. Nicholas, Constantinople, burnt,
296
— S. Pancras, Canterbury, a heather
temple converted into, 519
— the Pantheon, Paris, 115
— the Pantheon, Rome, despoiled by
Constans II, 394
— S. Paul without the Walls, Rome
plundered by Saracens, 385; founded by
Constantine, 586
— S. Pedro de Nave, Burguillos, 193
— S. Peter, Bremen, built, 613
—S. Peter, Rome, Ratchis makes pilgrim
age to, 215; Gregory the Great conse.
crated in, 240; Agilulf meets Gregory at
245; plundered by Saracens, 385; Pyrrhus
condemned in, 401; picture of the sixth
synod placed in, 414; 524; founded by
Constantine, 586 ; reception of Charles
the Great at (774), 599; Leo III escapes
to, 619, 704; assembly held in, tº
consider case of Leo III, 620,704; imperia.
coronation of Charles the Great in. ib.
— S. Peter and S. Paul (S. Augustine's
Canterbury, built, 519
— S. Peter in Hormisda, Constantinople,
Wigilius takes refuge in, 47
— S. Roman de la Hornija, Palencia
193
— SS. Sergius and Bacchus, Constanti-
nople, built, 40
— S. Sophia, Constantinople, built by
Justinian, 4,40; coronation of Justinian
and Theodora in, 7; Fifth Oecumenica.
Council held in, 48; 52; Germanus takes
refuge in, 282; Constans crownedin-392:
the Ekthesis posted up at, 400; imperial
edict posted up at, 405
— S. Witale, Ravenna, contains mosaic
portrait of Justinian, 2. ; built, $4;
portrait of Theodora in, 25 sq.
Ciaran, Irish saint, 503
Cibyra, 397
Cibyrrhaeots, the, 410
Cicero, M. Tullius, 91 sq.
Cilicia, 284, 289; occupied by the Persians.
290; Sahrbarāz makes a raid on, 2. 35:
294; Saracens invade, 353; 395, Alº,
417; 555


## p. 839 (#871) ############################################

Indea:
889
Cilli, 445
Cimbrians, the, 484
Cimmerian Bosphorus. See Crimea
Circesium, fortress at, 33; Chosroes II
flees to, 280; taken by the Persians,
288
Cirencester, victory of Penda at, 543
Ciudad Rodrigo, forms an independent
state, 165
Cius, attacked by Arabs, 396
Cividale (Forum Julii), taken by Lombards,
196; destroyed by Avars, 203; 204; 213
Civitas Rigomagensium. See Thorame
Civitas Salinensium. See Castellane
Civita Vecchia, Arab pirates reach, 381
Cixilona, daughter of Erwig and wife of
Egica, divorced, 180
Clackmannanshire, 512
Clain, River, 129, 160
Classis, occupied by Lombards, 198; Faro-
ald driven from, 199; Liutprand takes,
- 212
Claudian, poet, cited, 488, 492
Claudius I, Emperor, his legislation con-
cerning slaves, 64
Claudius, duke, 192
Cleph, duke, made king by the Lombards,
197; 209
Clermont, church built at, 157; 473
Clermont, Bishop of. See Sidonius Apol-
linaris
Clermont-Ferrand, colony of Jews at, 156
Clichy, 115, 125
Clodomir, son of Clovis, inherits part of
kingdom, 116; death, ib. ; seizes Bur-
gundy, 117; 133
Clonkeen (Achud), 503
Clotilda, daughter of Chilperic, marries
Clovis, 111; 133
Clotilda, daughter of Clovis, marries Ama-
laric, 162; ill-treated, ib. ; Childebert
comes to aid of, ib.
Clovesho, synod held at, 564
Clovis, King of the Franks, 109; victorious
at Soissons, 110; growing power, 111;
marriage, ib. ; attacks Burgundy, 1. 12;
baptism, ib. , 256, 532; attacks Alemans,
112 sq. , 119 ; attacks Visigoths, 113, 159;
slays Alaric, 114, 160; attains consular
rank, 115; death, 116; work, 116 sq. ;
118, 123, 132 sqq. , 138, 141, 147, 157,
161,459, 575 sq. , 592; and the Soissons
chalice, 640; real founder of the Frankish
empire, 655 sq. ; 696, 705
Clovis II, King of Neustria, puts Grimoald
to death, 126; 524
Cluain Cain, and St Patrick, 503
Clunia, 159
Clyde, Firth of,
Cumbria, 510
Clyde, River, 511
Cnobheresburg (? Burgh Castle), monastery
founded at, 524
Coa, River, 166
Cocidius, British god, 475
limit of kingdom of
Codera, Arab historian, cited, 183
Coder Gregorianus, made, 54; 56 sqq.
Codea. Hermogenianus, 54; 56 sqq.
Codez Justinianus, 38,43 sq. , 52, 54, 56 sq. ;
its compilation, 59 sqq. ; 62 sq. , 223
Coder Theodosianus, drawn up, 56; de-
scribed, 57; 58 sq. , 61, 187
Coelestius, companion of Pelagius, 500
Coelesyria, 343
Coelian Hill, the, ancestral house of Gregory
the Great on, converted into a monastery,
236; 703
Coenred, King of Mercia, accession, 562;
563
Coenwalch, King of Wessex, and Agilbert,
530; baptised, 546; reign of, 552;
553
Coenwulf, King of Mercia, decline of Mercia
under, 565
Coifi, Northumbrian priest, abjures idolatry,
523
Coimbra, taken by Remismund, 165; 168
Colchester (Camalodunum, Camulodunum),
inscriptions at, 473 sq.
Colchis. See Lazica
Colman, Bishop of Lindisfarne, and the
Synod of Whitby, 531, 554; leaves Eng-
land, 554 sq.
Colman, bishop, and St Patrick, 503
Cologne, Ripuarian Franks at, 110, 115;
533; represented at church council, 540;
archbishopric restored, ib.
Cologne, Bishops of. See Cunibert, Hildi-
bald
Coloneia, fort at, 33
Colonia (Archelais), 396
Columbanus (Columba), St, abbot of
Luxeuil, expelled by Brunhild, 124;
principles of his monastic rule, 147 sq. ;
defects of rule, 148 sq. ; granted land for
monastery, 202; cited, 259; and the
orthodoxy of the Irish Church, 500; 510;
in Scotland, 512 sq. , 526; 521; 527;
and the Frankish Church, 533 sq. ; 702
Columbus, bishop, acts as representative
of the pope in Africa, 252 sq.
Comacchio, taken by Lombards,
restored, 217; reoccupied, 219;
given up to the pope, 590; 693
Comenius (Komensky), John Amos, 458
Comentiolus, John, ambassador to Persia,
266; fails in his mission, 267; supersedes
Philippicus, 279; treachery of, 280, 284;
returns to his command, 281 ; slain, 284,
286
Commagene, ravaged by Persians, 29
Commendation, among the Franks, 151
Commentaries, the, of Julius Caesar, cited,
470
Commerce, Roman, under Justinian, 40 sqq. ;
Roman legislation upon, 90–98; decline
of, in Gaul, 155; Jews and, 156; of the
Vlakhs, 441; under Charles the Great,
657
Comminges, Gundobald besieged in, 122
215;
230;


## p. 840 (#872) ############################################

840
Indea:
Comneni, the, change the system of succes-
sion, 406
Como, Lake of, Cunincpert takes refuge on
an island in, 206; Ansprand finds a
refuge by, 211; 225
Compiègne, 117; consecration of Wilfrid at,
530, 555
Compsae, Goths capitulate at, 18
Conall Mac Comgaill, king of Dalriada, and
St Columba, 513
Conall, brother of Loigaire,
506
Concilium of the Three Gauls, 470
Condatis, god, 474
Connaught, St Patrick in, 507
Conrad, author of the Rolandslied, 605
Constance, 609
Constance, Lake of, Alemans on shores of,
110; St Columbanus reaches, 148
Constans II (Heraclius), Eastern Emperor,
attempts to expel the Lombards, 205,
394; murdered, ib. ; 206; defeated, 353,
393 sq. ; crowned, 392; treats with the
Arabs, 393; enters Rome, 394; death, 395;
military organisation under, 395 sqq. ;
and the Monothelete controversy,400sqq. ,
690; and the succession, 405; 413
Constantia in Cyprus, plundered by Arabs,
393
Constantina, made residence of duke of
Mesopotamia, 29; fortress at, 33; Priscus
takes refuge in, 278; attacked by Persians,
279; relieved, ib. ; death of Germanus
in, 285
Constantina in Numidia, 224
Constantina, daughter of Tiberius II,
marries Maurice, 277; immured in a
convent, 284; put to death, 286
Constantine I, Emperor, 4, 40, 54, 57;
laws of, 62, 64, 66 sqq. , 72, 74 sqq. , 87,
92 sq. , 101 sqq. ; alleged “donation” of,
131; civil and military power separated
by, 223; 246; 300,517, 523, 576; legend
of the baptism of, 585 sqq. ; 597 sq.
Constantine (III), son of Heraclius, Eastern
Emperor, death, 391 sq. ; letter of John IV
to, 400
Constantine IV (Pogonatus), Eastern Em-
peror, crowned, 394; sends embassy to
Mu‘āwiya, 396; defends Constantinople,
397; recognised by barbarian rulers,
398; and the Monothelete controversy,
404 sq. ; misuses his brothers, 405;
death, 406 sq. ; 690
Constantine W (Copronymus), Eastern Em-
peror, and Aistulf, 217, 583; and the
Pope, 578; and the visit of Pope Stephen
to Pepin, 585,695; 586 note; relinquishes
Italy, 591; and Paul I, 700
Constantine WI, Eastern Emperor, acces-
sion, 601 ; marriage proposed for, ib. ;
the Pope asked to excommunicate,616 sq. ;
618, 704 sq. , 706 note
Constantine VII (Porphyrogenitus), Eastern
Emperor, cited, 423, 440, 444
converted,
Constantine, Pope, arranges a compromise
with Justinian II, 412, 690; and
Anastasius II, 415
Constantine, Anti-pope, disturbances cº-
nected with election of, 218, 6. 96
Constantine, Patriarch of Constantinople.
403
Constantine, quaestor, 50
Constantine of Apamea, presbyter, at the
Sixth General Council, 404
Constantine Lardys, praetorian praefect
flees to Asia, 282; seeks help of Chosroes
ib. ; put to death, 284
Constantinople (Byzantium), chs. I and I.
passim; Nika Riot in, 8 sq. ; Long Wall
built to defend, 33; buildings in, 40:
trade, 41 sq. ; 44; Vigilius at, 47 sq. -
689; earthquakes at, 51; 54 sq. ; Theº
dosian Code published at, 56; law schoº
at, 61; 101; 119 ; 122; intercourse ºf
the Spanish clergy with, 191 : Lombari
treasuresent to, 196; negotiations of Lom-
bards at, 202; 207; embassy of Liutpran:
to, 214; embassy of Aistulf to, 215, 582:
Adalgis takes refuge at, 220, 559; allcorn
and administrative offices at, 223 sq. -
230 sq. ; churches of southern Italy in
patriarchate of, 232; treaty of Charles
the Great with, 234; 235; Gregory the
Great at, 236, 238, 243; 241, 244 sq. ;
controversy concerning precedence of
the patriarch, 246 sq. ; 248 sq. ; revo-
lution in, 250 sq. , 281 sq. ; 254, 259 sq. -
263; 267 sq. ; embassy of Turks to, 259;
270, 278 sq. ; Athanagild detained in.
283; plot of Germanus in, 284 sq. :
miserable condition of, 286, 291: 287:
coronation of Heraclius at, 288: 289:
Avar attack on, 291; attacked by Persian
fleet, 292; 293; besieged by barbarians,
295 sq. ; and the restoration of the Holy
Cross, 299; 300; 342; and the conquest
of Egypt, 351 sq. ; 353; siege of (715).
354; 373, 375, 380; and the family of
Heraclius, 392; Constans II leaves, 3. 94:
family of Constans detained at, 335;
repeated Arab attacks on, 397 : a synod
at, accepts the Ekthesis, 400; persecution
of Pope Martin at, 401 sq. , 690; and of
Maximus, 403; sixth General Council
held at, 404, 690; Trullan Council beli
at, 408, 690; riot in, 409; sea-waii
restored, 410; return of Justinian II tº,
411; Pope Constantine visits, 412:
Philippicus enters, 413; 414 sq. ; mºr
tineers seize, 416; Arabs march against
417; threatened by Avars, 451; and the
Pope, 577 sqq. ; 592, 598, 602; and
Charles the Great, 615; 617 sq. , 620
622, 686 sqq. , 700, 705
Constantinople, Bishops and Patriarchs of
See *: Anthemius, Callinicus, Chry-
sostom, Constantine, Cyriaeus, Cyrus
Epiphanius, Eutychius, Ger.
manus, John II, John III, John IV,


## p. 841 (#873) ############################################

Indea:
841
John V, John VI, Menas, Nestorius,
Paul II, Paul III, Peter, Pyrrhus, Sergius,
Theodore, Thomas
Constantinople, Council of (536), condemns
heretics, 45
Constantius I, Chlorus, Emperor, 523
Constantius II, Emperor, 71, 106,688
Constantius, Bishop of Milan, and Gregory
the Great, 245
Constantius, Gallican presbyter, cited, 497,
500
Constitutum of Wigilius, in 553, 48; in
554, ib.
Contrebis, god, 474
Cooledrewny. See Culdreimne
Copts, Coptic Church, the, persecuted, 349;
conciliated, 351
Corbridge-on-Tyne, early Christian relic
found at, 501
Cordova (Corduba), taken by imperialists,
19; Andalusians victorious at, 163;
taken by Leovigild, 166; 167; Hermene-
gild takes refuge at, 170; taken by Arabs,
185, 372; Artavasdes at, 186; Gothic
architecture at, 193; capital of western
caliphate, 376, 592; 389
Cordova, Theodofred, Duke of, punished
for conspiracy, 182
Corduba. See Cordova
Corfu, ravaged by Goths, 17
Coria, 166
Corinth, Isthmus of, limit of Hunnish in-
vasion, 31; walls built across, 33
Corippus, African poet, cited, 22, 50, 264;
In Laudem. Justini of, 264
Cormac, King-Bishop of Cashel, glossary of,
cited, 477
Cormons, residence of the Patriarch of
Aquileia, 213
Cornovii, the, in Brittany, 119
Cornwall, 119, 496, 504
Coronate, battle of, 206
Corotiacus, god, 474
Corpus Juris, 62
Corsair, origin of term, 380
Corsica, imperial rule established in, 14;
conquered by Totila, 17; restored to
Rome, 19; in the praefecture of Africa,
21, 222; 224; supplies corn to Rome,
230; estates of the Church in, 242;
attacked by Arabs, 381; raided by
Saracens, 388; 588; included in territory
of the Church, 599; defended by Franks
against Saracens, 600
Cos, pillaged by Arabs, 393
Cosenza, 383
Cosmas, St, Slav worship of, 425
Cosmas, chronicler, cited, 457
cº, general, sent to quell riot in Antioch,
28
Couesnon, River, 119
Council in Trullo. See Trullan Council
Councils, Oecumenical
First (Nicaea), British bishops probably
not represented at, 498; 688
Councils, Oecumenical (cont. )
Fourth (Chalcedon), 44 sqq. ; cited by
Gregory the Great, 247; 265; dissatis-
faction with, 398; 399; the Armenians
and, 403; 404,408, 688 sqq.
Fifth (Constantinople), 48, 689
Sixth §::::::::::::: 404, 690, 692
Seventh (Nicaea), reintroduces worship
of images, 616; repudiated by Charles
the Great, 617
Councils at Ariminum, Arles, Constanti-
nople (586), Epačne, Estinnes, Orleans,
Saragossa, Sardica, Toledo. See under
place name
Count (comes, graf), and countship, 137,
677 sqq.
Coventina, British water-goddess, 479
Crécy, battle of, 450
Crediton, birthplace of Winfrid, 536, 697;
West Saxons at, 561
Cremona, taken by Lombards, 201
Crete, Slavs enter, 294; Muslim robber-
state established in, 384; pillaged by
Arabs, 393; Arabs winter in, 397; 410
Crete, Bishop of. See Andrew
Crimea, the (Chersoaese, Cimmerian Bos-
phorus), 35, 41, 276; Pope Martin I
banished to, 402, 690; Justinian II in,
411
Crimthann, son of Endoe, 507
Crispus, Flavius Julius, son of Constantine
the Great, 105
Croatia, 297
Croats, the (Khr’vati), settled within the
Empire, 297; transplanted by Baian,
437 sq. ; 439; found a state, 440; 442,
444, 451
Crochan-Aigli (Croagh Patrick), hill, St
Patrick's vigil on, 506
Croes Oswallt, 546
Crosspatrick, 507
Crotona, held by imperialists, 17
Croyhill, 476
Ctesiphon (Mada'in), rival embassies at,
266; Chosroes crowned at, 280; 285;
Heraclius marches on, 298; 299; taken
by Saracens, 347; 348, 351
Cuichelm, King of Wessex, attempts the
murder of Edwin, 522
Culdreimne (Cooledrevny), battle of, 507
Cumae, castle of, taken by Romuald of
Benevento, 212; retaken, ib, ; 228
Cumans, the, 428
Cumberland, ancient inscriptions found in,
474 sqq. ; 511
Cumbria (Cambria), 496, 510
Cuminius (Cumine), Life of St Columba by,
510
Cunibert, Bishop of Cologne, acts as regent,
125; encourages missionary effort, 534
Cunincpert, son of Perctarit, King of the
Lombards, sent to Benevento, 205; made
co-regent, 206; made king, ib. ; flight,
ib. ; return, ib. ; death, 210
Curia, the, and the Franks, 596; and the


## p. 842 (#874) ############################################

842
Indea:
Eastern Empire, 597; claims political
sovereignty, 598,600, 603; 622,629
Cuthbert, St, Oswald's head buried in coffin
of, 527; at Melrose, 529
Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, and
Boniface, 542; promotes ecclesiastical
discipline, 564
Cuthred, King of the West Saxons, 564
Cuthred, kinsman of Coenwalch, 546; land
assigned to, 552; death, 553
Cyclades, the, plundered by Slavs, 296
Cymbeline (Cunobelinos, Cynfelyn), 476
Cynegils, King of Wessex, becomes a Chris-
tian, 525, 545; death, 546
Cynfelyn. See Cymbeline
Cypriots, the, and Justinian II, 407
Cyprus, taken by Arabs, 352, 393; pays
tribute, 397, 406; transference of metro-
politan to the Hellespont, 407; repeopled,
410
Cyprus, Bishops of. See Arcadius, Sergius
Cyrenaica, joined to the diocese of Egypt, 283
Cyriacus, Patriarch of Constantinople,
accession of, 247
Cyriacus, Abbot of St Andrew, Rome, sent
on a mission by Gregory the Great, 258
Cyril, St, Bishop of Alexandria, 688 sq. -
Cyrrhus (Cyrus), Bishop of. See Theodoret
Cyrus, Patriarch of Alexandria, persecutes
the Coptic Church, 349; treats with
Arab invaders, 350; banished, ib. ;
arranges the capitulation of Alexandria,
351; when Bishop of Phasis, 398; ap-
pointed to Alexandria, 399; and the
Monothelete controversy, ib. ; and the
Ekthesis, 400; condemned by the Roman
synod, 401, 404, 690
Cyrus, Patriarch of Constantinople, ap-
pointed, 411; deposed, 414
Cyzicus, Arabs winter at, 397; and Jus-
tinian II, 407
Cyzicus, Bishops of. See
Stephanus
Germanus,
Dabragezas, 453
Dacia, military district of, 32 sq. ; Heruls
settled in, 35; raided by Avars and Slavs,
296
Dagan, Irish bishop, 521
Dagda the Great, 477 sq.
Dagobert, son of Chlotar II, made king of
Austrasia, 124; forceful rule, 125; 126,
146, 155, 174, 442; and Samo, 452 sq. ,
457, 534, 610
Dagobert, son of Sigebert, sent to a monas.
tery, 126
Daire, king of Oriel, gives land to St
Patrick, 507
Dalaradia, and the Christian missionaries,
506
Dalmatia, Byzantine army in, 15; ravaged
by Goths, 17; included in the Empire,
19; forms a province with Sicily, 21;
and the Three Chapters, 47 sq. ; under
the exarch of Italy, 226; 248,252; 254;
Huns ravage, 268; 276; ravaged by
Avars and Slavs, 296; Slavs settled in,
437, 440 sqq. , 445, 456; included in the
Empire of Charles the Great, 600
Dalriada, Scottish kingdom, 511; founds.
tion of 513
Dalriada, district in Ireland, 513
Damascus, Musa goes to, 186, 373; taken
by Persia, 289; Khālid reaches, 339; 341:
taken by Muslims, 342; relinquished,
343; retaken, 344; seat of the caliphate
346, 358; Umayyad mosque at, 363; 377
Damascus, Bishop of. See Germanus
Damatrys, 413
Damian, St, Slav worship of, 425
Damietta, attacked, 412
Damnonia, 560
Danegeld, the, 645
Danes, the, and the men of Rügen, 456;
490 note; Willibrord preaches to, 535:
552, 597; and the Franks, 613 sq. ; 653
Daniel, Bishop of Bangor, 499
Daniel, Bishop of Winchester, letter of
cited, 534; and Winfrid, 536 sq. , 533;
made bishop, 561
Daniel, praefect, discovers Arab prepara-
tions, 415
Danu (Dana), goddess, 477
Danube, River, 16, 30; barbarians cross,
31; limites on, 32; Justinian's castles
on, 33; 35, 119; trade on, 155; 194;
Lombards cross, 195; Slavs settle south
of, 263; and the Avars, 267,276; Gepids
defeated on, 268; 273; 280, 430, 439;
troops ordered to winter beyond, revolt,
281, 284; 283, 292, 420, 427, 430, 432,
434 sqq. ; 443; limit of Slovenes, 445;
451, 454; limit of Boleslav's kingdom.
455; 534, 608 sq. ; scheme for connecting
with the Rhine, 657
Dara, battle of, 28; 29 ; fortress at, 33:
siege of, 272; fall, ib. ; Persians refuse
to surrender, 274 sq. ; 278; Chosroes II
restores to Rome, 280; retaken by Persia,
285
Dardanelles (Hellespont), the, 395
Dardania, castella in, 33 ; Slav and Avar
raids in, 296
Dastagerd, taken by Heraclius, 298
Datius, Archbishop of Milan, assists in-
perial forces, 15
Dauphiné, 464
David, St, Bishop of Menevia, 499
David I, King of Scotland, 509
David, adherent of Martina, captured and
executed, 392
Dax, 460
Dea Arduenna, 461
Dead Sea, the, battle near, 323 sq. ; 340
De Aedificiis of Procopius, cited, 33
Dea Sequana, 460 sq.
Decimum, battle of, 13
Decius, Emperor, persecution under, 497
De Civitate Dei of St Augustine, and Charles
the Great, 628


## p. 843 (#875) ############################################

Indea:
Declan, Irish saint, 503
Dee, River, 564
Deer, 513
Deiittani, 167
Deira, 237, 255, 522 sq. ; laid waste, 525;
reunited to Bernicia, 527, 545; 529, 544;
separated from Bernicia, 546; 547;
under Oswy, 551; 554; Alchfrid driven
from, 555; York made bishop's see for,
556; 557
Deirans, the, 547
De Moribus Germanorum of Tacitus, cited,
132
Denbighshire, 475
Denehard, helps in the work of Boniface,
538
Deniseburn, battle of the, 525
Denmark, heathenism in, ch. xv (c) passim ;
482; Widukind takes refuge in, 611; 652
De Ordine Palatii of Hincmar of Rheims,
cited, 668 sq.
Der'āt, 343
Derbend, captured by Chazars, 297
Derbyshire, 557
Dervan, Sorb prince, deserts Dagobert for
Samo, 453
Derwent, River (Cumberland), limit of
kingdom of Cumbria, 510
Desiderata, daughter of Desiderius the
Lombard, marries Charles the Great,
218, 596, 701; repudiated, 219, 596, 701
Desiderius, St, 174
Desiderius, King of the Lombards, raised
upon the buckler, 217; aggressive policy,
ib. ; makes a compact with Paul I, 218;
and the Duke of Bavaria, ib. ; his daughter
marries Charlemagne, ib. , 595, 701;
seizes papal towns, 219; defeated by
Charles the Great, 220, 599, 702; taken
to Gaul, 220; Stephen II and, 590;
retains most of Lombard possessions in
Italy, 591, 696; and Stephen III, 596,
696; marches on Rome, 598,694; enters
a monastery, 702
Dessi, the, Irish tribe, migrations of, 504sq.
Detmold, Charles the Great victorious at,
612
Deus Fagus, 461
Deus Nemausus, god of the fountain of
Nimes, 460 sq.
Deus Sexarbores, 461
Deus Vosegus, 461
Devèze (Divona), River, 460
De Vita Christiana, of Fastidius, 499
Devon, 119, 504,519,702
Dhāt as-Sawāri. See Phoenix
Dhu Kär, battle of, 338
Dhu-l-Kassa, battle of, 336
Dialogues, of Gregory the Great, cited,
170 sq.
Diana, 460, 462
Dian Cecht, 477
Diarmait, 508
Dichu, first convert made by St Patrick,
506
843
Dicul, priest, 524
Dicul, founds a monastery at Bosham, 530
Didier, St, Bishop of Cahors, constructs
aqueducts, 144; 641
Didier, Bishop of Vienne, exiled, 123
Digesta, Pandectae, Digest, the, of Jus-
tinian, 38, 56; described, 59 sq. ; 61 sqq.