No More Learning

Near a city there is a grave;
Sadly Vistula, wave on wave,
By it ripples, but in. the mound,
Look you! a living corpse is found.
Do not wonder -- the world is rife
With life in death and death in life.
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? 424 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
The corpse looks forth and courage takes,
Sees the people pass to and fro;
Friends' kind faces that come and go,
Newly hope in his heart awakes.
They come to see me then, said he,
EvVy one sighs and thinks of me.
But thinking naught about the dead,
Pass the people with rapid tread ;
Life is short -- it were all in vain
To fill their time with thoughts of pain.
Let the dead rest in peace, they say
And let who lives enjoy his day!
At last one comes, nor passes by
He gazes mournfully around,
Throws a flower upon the mound --
His brow is pale and sad his eye,
Yet hastes he on as others do;
Is he afraid of corpses, too?
Then thought the corpse -- oh, thanks to thee
My brother, none have thought of me,
But all have coldly passed me by,
Light of heart, with averted eye,
All save thou alone, moaned he.
Alas! they've all forgotten me. "
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 42f)
KORNEL UJEJSKI.
Kornel Ujejski, the bosom friend of one of the
most renowned Polish poets (Julius S? owacki), was
born in 1823 in the county of Czortkow, in Galicia.
He wrote with great perspicuity and finish. His poems
are very chaste and classic. The poem written on the
death of Adam Mickiewicz only increased his celebrity
as a poet. His lt Enamored Bride,'' u The Dreadful
Night," ''The Funeral March, " and the biblical melo-
dies "Rebecca and Jeremiah"; as also the "Plough
and the Sword," are contributions to the Polish litera-
ture of the greatest value. We may also add that he
is the author of 1 ' The Flowers Without Fragrance,"
"The Withered Leaves," -- compositions of great
popularity; but the most popular poetical production
of Ujejski, known and sung as it were in every palace
and cottage, is his "Hymn of Complaint" -- "Z Dy-
mem Poz? aro? w," -- which was written during the ter-
rible uprising of the peasantry, instigated by rascally
officials, in Galicia in 1846, when towns and villages
were burned and sacked by the infuriated mob.
At this present time he occupies the honorable posi-
tion of a member of the Chamber of Deputies in
Vienna, Austria. Mr. Ujejski is a gentleman of high
scholarly attainments, urbane and childlike in manner,
and highly respected by all classes of his countrymen.
Editions of his works in the Polish language have been
published in London, Paris, Leipsic, and Posen.
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? 426 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
HYMN OF COMPLAINT.
(Z Dymem Poz? aro? w).
' With smoke of burning -- with blood outpouring,
O Lord! our voice we raise to-day
In fearful wailing, in last imploring,
In bitter sorrow that turns us gray!
Songs without murmur we have no longer,
Pierced are our temples with thorny bands,
Like Thy monuments of wrath grown stronger,
To Thee imploring we raise our liands!
O Lord! how often Thy hand has scourged us, --
Our red wounds bleeding and yet unhealed ;
We sought Thee vainly when anguish urged us:
Thou art our Father, and Thou shouldst shield.
But when we call Thee with hearts confiding
Then does the mocker, with fury shod,
Trample upon us and ask, deriding,
Where is that Father? where is that God?
We search the heavens for sign or token,
But suns of omen no signs unfold;
The silent azure is only broken
By eagle pinions that soared of old!
Our dreams grow fearful -- with shadows teeming,-
By doubts distracting our souls are stirred;
By hearts that suffer not rash blaspheming,
Judge us, O judge not each frenzied word!
O Lord! what horrors, what woes surround us!
What days of terror upon us come!
The Cains are many whose deeds confound us,
The blood of brothers will not be dumb!
But judge not sternly, -- their eyes are blinded,
Nor see the evil they do, O Lord!
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 427
O punish instead the baser minded
Who roused the anger that grasped the sword!
In our misfortunes Thou still dost hold us
Close to Thy bosom. We pray for rest
Like birds grown weary: -- Thy pinions fold us,
Thy stars shine over our household nest.
Thy future favor reveal unto us,
Thy hand protecting above us spread;
Let flow'rs of sufFring to slumber woo us,
And sorrow's halo surround the head !
With Thine Archangel to go before us
We'll march to battle and win the fight;
In hearts of Satans who triumphed o'er us
We'll plant Thy standard of victor's might!
Then erring brethren -- of error shriven
At Freedom's symbol their knee shall bow;
To vile blasphemers -- the answer given,
" God is almighty and reigneth now ! "
UNDER THE GROUND.
(Pod Ziemie-- Pod Zicmig. )
Under ground, under ground, -- far away from the crowd,
Let me seek for a peaceable corner;
bis laughter disturbs me -- this voice is too
That sound is like the voice of a mourner.
I would heap on my threshold sharp thorns to repel,
Place neai it a lion for warder;
All alone with my thoughts undisturbed I would dwell,
With only my God for recorder.
Around me this every-day prattling should cease,
All voices of slander and scheming;
Naught to darken the light of my sweet reverie
When, hand on my head, I am dreaming.
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? 428 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
bow happy to rest from this turmoil, away
From cynical sneers, -- a calm sleeper,
Hearing not of the envies -- the feuds of the day,
Or who in the mire has sunk deeper.
1 am happier far in beholding them not,
Our souls are so widely unmated;
That I shame when I look on their nature's foul blot
To be in man's image created.
My hand seldom meets in this sycophant throng
The pressure of. brotherly fingers,
And I feel in my heart while its pride surges strong
That I am the last of God's singers.
Surround me with quiet and stillness, -- surround,
Save but for the kindred outpouring
Of spirits, who soaring on pinions unbound
Break out into tuneful imploring.
Where no one will enter to listen to me,
Where silence around me shall hover:
Six feet under ground let my resting-place be,
With one narrow board for the cover.
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? 1GNATZ IIO? OWLN? SKl. 4l M ,)
IGNATZ HO? O WIN? SK I.
Ignatz Ho? owiN? SKi, Archbishop of Mohilev, and
metropolite? of Roman Catholic churches in the Rus-
sian empire. He was born in 1807, in Volhynia. In
1825 he entered the seminary at Euck, and after finish-
ing his theological studies at Wilno die became a chap-
lain in 1831. In 1839 he made a pilgrimage to the
Holy Land, and in 1842 was made a rector to the
Roman Catholic academy at St. Petersburg. In 1848
he was named a bishop; three years later (1851) lie
was advanced to the high office of Archbishop of
Mohilev. He died 7th of October, 1855.
Among his works we can mention: "Relations of
Philosophy to Religion and Civilization,' 1 and several
poetical compositions of great merit. He was not only
a good poet, but also a distinguished orator. How
deeply and effectively he could work upon the feelings
of his congregation, the orator at his funeral, who
knew him personally, said: "From his lips breathed
the Holy Spirit, and his powerful eloquence bore down
and crushed superstition and unbelief. He softened
the hardest hearts, and awakened from deadly lethargy
the most obdurate sinners. He warmed with his piety,
and those who shed tears he carried them up to
heaven. "
His sermons are the deepest treatises of subjects
he tried to preach, and they were delivered in the
purest and most charming eloquence.
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? 430 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
THE ORPHAN.
Hard, indeed, is the orphan's life.
The orphaned soul has much to dread;
To labor on with heart at strife,
To earn the bitter crust of bread.
Oh, fearful lot with sorrow rife!
Little Josie was left alone
In her fifth year, -- bereaved too young.
She from that time had only known
The charity from strangers wrung.
God! save all beneath Thy heaven
From charity by strangers given.
Though pretty as a flower to see,
Her soul with richest virtue fraught,
What hand is offered helpingly?
Who for the orphan taketh thought?
Whether her face be bright with glee,
Or tears arise from sadd'ning thought,
Poor orphan ! all is wrong, -- for she
Can satisfy or please in naught.
Parents in this God's world below
Caress the children that He gives,
But she for whom no parent lives
Doth grieve for all she must forego.
While all things smile for those around,
In homes by hope, with blossoms crowned.
For her alone the world is drear,
The faces 'round her strange and cold;
What flowers upon her path unfold
She plucks and wets with many a tear.
Love, sympathy, for her are not.
Oh, dreary is the orphan's lot!
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? IGNATZ 110? 0WINSKI. 481
When the world shunn'd her in neglect,
Her soul she raised in fervent prayers, --
In heaven her consolation sought, --
In Him who for the orphan cares,
The only happiness she knew
Her sweetest moments were when she
Would kneel beside her mother's grave
And pray to God most fervently.
And it was then that the white dove
Direct from heaven to her drew near,
Caressed her with its snowy wing,
Coo'd tenderly within her ear.
Driving her sorrows all away,
Until her heart with joy would swell,
And then the bird would gather up
The tears that from her eyelids fell,
And gently fluttering her wings,
Carry them up to paradise.
Whether her mother's spirit bore
These tears to God from out her eyes
Who knows? but after every prayer
This scene, repeated, strengthened her,
For further struggles with her fate
She stronger grew and readier.
But when she reached her sixteenth year
They wearied of her where she dwelt,
And on her coldly shut the door,
So by her mother's grave she knelt,
Dewed it with tears in farewell shed,
Then turning from her native place
She followed where her vision led.
Not far beyond the forest road
There rose a castle grand and gray,
On either side the river flowed,
And further on a village lav.
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? 432 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
With two attendants at his side
Its lord was riding, pensive eyed,
Across the bridge. Though young, a trace
Of sadness lingered on his face.
Then slackening his horse's rein,
In silent thought he seemed to brood;
Slow paced the steed with drooping mane,
As though he shared his master's mood.
And thus, in melancholy-wise
He neared a grove that lay apart
And lifting up his downcast eyes,
Fear took possession of his heart.
For he beheld a stranger maid, --
Who walked with folded hands and prayed,
By white-robed angels circled round,'
And in their midst, with heavenly mien,
One clad in robes of brightest sheen, --
Her brow with starry halo crowned.
The youth gazed, wonderstruck, and saw
How from the maiden's lips, at close
Of every prayer, -- oh, sight of awe! --
Came forth a beautiful red rose.
How with each Ave Maria said
Fell from her lips a lily white,
And these the angels gathered
? And wove into a chaplet bright,
And offered it unto their queen,
Who placed it with a smile serene
Upon the orphan's bended head.
Then passed the vision from his eyes,
With fragrance left of paradise.
The young man fell upon his knees
Before the maiden then, as she,
O'ercome by fear, had turned to flee
Because that she was unaware
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? ignatz ho? owin? ski. 433
Of all these heavenly mysteries
That happened round her while at prayer.
" Oh, do not be alarmed, but stay,"
Cried the abashed and trembling youth.
" God's mercy sent you here this day
A consolation sweet, -- in truth.
Hear me while I recount to you
How two brief years ago it was,
Heaven took my parents hence; I, too,
Up to this hour have mourned, -- alas!
With tears that still mine eyes bedew.
So deeply was the burden laid
On me, my life began to fade.
But listen: last night in a dream
My parents came and said to me:
1 Oh, why oppose God's will supreme
In mourning thus incessantly?
Know then that we are happier here
Than when we lingered on the earth,
That thou didst love us and revere?
God will reward thee; though the maid
That for thy wife He destineth
Is poor and but of humble birth.
His mother, unto whom she prayed,
Will stoop and crown her with a wreath. '
And I indeed nave witnessed how,
Amid an angel band but now,
She placed the wreath upon thy brow. "
Trembling the maiden looked at him,
While blushes dried each falling tear,
Then as from spheres of seraphim
Came down the snowy plumaged dove
To whisper words of peace and love
Into the orphan's listening ear.
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? 434 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
Then Josie raised the youth, who still
Kneeled waiting humbly at her feet,
And faltered in confusion sweet:
" God's will be done if 'tis His will. "
And long before the day was done
Beside the little chapel's shrine
The youth and maid together stood.
God joined forevermore as one.
And Josie to her life's decline
Relieved the wants of orphanhood.
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? KRASZEWSKI.
436
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? KRASZEWSKI. 437
KRASZEWSKI.
Joseph Ignatz Kraszewski, born in 1812, is one of
the most prolific not only of Polish litterateurs, but of
the world. Only Lopez de Yega and Pere Dumas
could approach him in literary fertility. Incredible as
it may appear, over two hundred volumes of his
miscellaneous writings have been published; and still
more astonishing, that all of them are works of great
erudition and merit. The most discriminating critic
could hardly designate which is the best
But that is not all: Kraszewski, who at the present
writing of this biographical sketch resides in Dresden,
? Saxony, is a man of rare qualities of the heart and
mind, respected and honored not only by his own
countrymen, but also by all the literary men of the
world who are personally acquainted with him. His
literary creations always aimed to correct the heart and
the spirit of his nationality, and to lift up the heart
and the spirit of humanity at large. It is for these
reasons that the heart of the Polish Nation justly
swells with pride that Kraszewski is a Pole, and the
son of the same country as themselves.
Kraszewski labored in almost all branches of litera-
ture, and whatever he wrote he wrote upon the founda-
tion of truth; truly it may be said that the famous
Amalthea was always standing by his side with her
" Horn of Plenty," and poured out the poet's thoughts
gracefully and with a generous profusion.
The most extraordinary phenomenon in the history
of Kraszewski's life is the ovation which he received
year before last (1879) in the city of Cracow, on the
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? 438 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
fiftieth anniversary of his great literary labors. Hun-
dreds, and we may say thousands, without distinction
of creeds, parties, or opinions, turned out to greet this
distinguished veteran of literature, and this great na-
tional demonstration lasted for several days. Two
monarchs honored him with tokens of their esteem.
Kraszewski received these congratulations with mod-
esty becoming a great man, representing a great peo-
ple. This great celebration was also participated in
by many distinguished representatives of other nation-
alities; and the interesting fact will go down into his-
tory that the pulse of the Polish national heart beat
in the year 1879 with as much patriotic fervor as in the
days of Poland's glory or her -- misfortunes!
We may add here that the memorable event was
also celebrated by the Poles almost all over the United
States of America. In the city of Chicago especially
the celebration, under the auspices of two Polish socie-
ties -- "Gmina Polska in Chicago,' 7 and "Kos? ciuszko,"
was of large proportions and attended by hundreds;
not only Poles, but other nationalities.
A handsome memorial was gotten up, with an appro-
priate inscription, and sent to Dresden to the veteran
of Polish literature by his admiring and grateful coun-
trymen.
The following are some of his works: ''Miscella-
neous Poems," Wilno, 1838; " Anafie? as," or songs
from the legends of Lithuania; " Witolorauda,"
"Hymns of Pain," "Metamorphoses," "Wonders
and Failings of the Age," " Lancers and Bondurak,"
"Four Weddings of Charles," "Iaryna," etc. etc.
The works of Kraszewski will prove a precious mine
to a future historian.
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? KRASZEWSKI. 439
AH ! MY DEAR ANGEL !
"Omo? j Aniele! po? jdz? iem po? a? czeni"
WRITTEN IN YOUNGER DAYS
Ah! my dear angel! united we'll be
Through the world, through life, through pleasure and
grief;
As the green vine that clings 'round the oak tree,
And fondles the bark with its tender leaf,
Thus will we ever together be!
As two clear tear-drops that rest in the eye,
As two deep sighs from the heart that is true
Together we'll journey till death draws nigh,
You ever with me, I ever with you,
In this world, in heaven, in the grave!
Ah ! mv dear angel ! together we'll go
Through this cold world and through life's changful role,
Through storms of autumn, though whirlwinds may blow,
Ever together thou friend of my soul
Like unto two crystal tears!
THE SEA.
What has the earth, sea! more beautiful than thou?
Where in creation dwells a majesty like thine?
Nought can destroy in thee the charm to which we bow;
In sight of earth and heaven thy grandeur is divine.
Thy boundlessness evolved from the creating will
Forecasts eternity, and says to pride " Be still ! "
Whether the sun looks down into thy billowy green
Or sinks its burning rays in thy translucent breast,
Suffusing thee in flames of gold and crimson sheen,
Or with the opal glow wherein the dove is dressed: --
Whether dark night comes on or Menes pale draws near
To leave upon thy waste his traces silver clear,
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? 440 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
Still art thou beautiful -- still wonderfully grand!
The human eye that rests on thy immensity
Draws from thy depth high thoughts, to which our souls
expand,
More precious than the pearls and corals hid in thee;
And to thy witching sounds the ear does list amazed;
In them we seem to hear how God, the Lord, is praised.
Thy silence is sublime, and terrible thy roar
When thy blue field puts on its somber-green attire;
In storms thou hurlest thee against the rugged shore,
Throwing thy snow-white foam from out thy breast in ire;
Thou fill'st man's heart with dread lest in thy wild unrest
Thou shouldst engulf the earth within thy angry breast!
BIORO DRAWER AND THE HEAD.
A certain man renowned
For learning most profound
His bioro drawer showed to me.
" Behold these papers ! what a store
I have for thirty years or more
Been putting in this drawer," said he.
" My worthy friend, I tell you true
They're full of wisdom -- learning too. "
But one who notice chanced to take
Of all their talk said: "What a pity"
(I don't know as it was witty
For him such a remark to make).
That which we ever look to find --
Wisdom and learning -- in the head
Were by this gentleman instead
To his bioro drawer consigned.
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? SIENKIEWICZ. 441
SIENKIEWICZ.
Charles Sienkiewicz was born in Ukraine, and re-
ceived his education in the city of Human? ; then lie
went to Winnica, and finally finished his studies at
Krzemieniec. Very soon after he went in company of
Zamoyskis and traveled for several years in Europe,
but the most of his time was passed in England and
Scotland. After his return to his native land he super-
intended the extensive library of Prince Adam Czarto-
ryiski, at Pu? awy. After the downfall of the revolu-
tion of 1830 he joined the emigration, and leaving
Poland, settled in Paris, where he was very diligently
engaged in the cause of the Polish emigration. Through
his own and Niemcewicz's influence there was estab-
lished, in 1838, in Paris, a Polish historical depart-
ment, which finally was stocked with a library of
30,000 volumes. In his younger days he gave him-
self up to poetry. His translation of Walter Scott's
" Lady of the Lake'' ranks among the best translations
of English poetry into the Polish language. While the
chief superintendent of the library of Pu? awy he em-
ployed himself with great self-denial in completing a
catalogue of the duplicates of the library. Then he
wrote an addition to Bentkowski's " Polish Literature. "
Besides these he wrote on political economy and "An
Account of the Present State of Greece," which he fin-
ished in 1830. While in Paris he gave himself up
entirely to historical labors, and it was through his ex-
ertions that "The Chronicles of the Polish Emigration "
were published, from 1835 to 1838, in eight volumes,
three of which were exclusively his own labor. He
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? 442 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
then wrote "Treasures of the Polish History," in four
volumes -- 1839-42 -- with valuable additional mate-
rials to the history of Poland, which he elucidated in a
very learned and interesting manner. In 1854 he pub-
lished a work in the French language, " Documents
Historiques relatif a la Eussie et la Pologne," in three
volumes. Just before his death he finished a manual
of Polish history for the high Polish school at Batig-
nolle. He died in Paris in 1860. After his death his
writings and literary labors were published, in 1864.
VARSOVIENNE.
" Oto dzis? dzien? krwi i chwa? y. "
Poles, awake ! 'tis your day of glory.
Arise, oh arise in your might!
You will live in deathless story
Should you fall in your country's fight.
Where the rainbow in heaven is beaming
As he basks in July's brilliant ray,
Your white eagle's eye is gleaming
As he calls to the glorious fray.
On, true Poles! See, the foe is before us!
Sound the charge and the day is won!
With our sacred banner spread o'er us,
On for freedom and Poland, on!
ii.
The fierce Cossack has mounted his legions,
Our young freedom to crush in its birth ;
But soon o'er his mountain regions
We'll trample his hopes in the earth.
Barbarians! Your visions of booty,
Though ye triumph, will soon be fled;
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