) on Anthropometric Laboratories, 369
Westcott
(Sebastian), organist of St.
Athenaeum - London - 1912a
M.
), Church of St.
Giles, North- Warwick, and others, 647
Thunderweapon in Religion and Folk-lore, by
ampton, 289
Stationers' Hall, exhibition of English books, Blinkenberg, 18
Seth (J. ), English Philosophers, 386
1477-1800, 735
Thursby (C. ), The Coronation, 139
Seymour (Sir E. H. ), My Naval Career, 37 Stead (W. T. ), obituary, 468, 596
Thurston (E. Temple), The Flower of Gloster, 120
Seymour Family, by A. Audrey Locke, 9
Steele (R. ), Opera inedita Rogeri Baconi, Fasc. III. , Ticehurst (N. F. ), Hand-List of British Birds, 682
Shadow of Neeme, The, by Lady Bancroft, 304
388; The Revival of Printing, 432
Time-signals from the Eiffel Tower, 712
Shadow of Power, The, by Paul Bertram, 63 Steggall (J. E. A. ), Saint Andrews University Todd (Dr. Margaret) on the late Dr. Sophia Jex-
Shadow of the Glen, The, by J. M. Synge, 741
Scientific Papers, 46
Blake, 221
Shakespeare (w. ): Life in is. 's England, by Stein (M. Aurel), Ruins of Desert Cathay, 258 Tolstoy: Father Sergius-Life of Count T. , by
The Oxford 8. Glossary, by Steinheil (Marguerite), My Memoirs, 493
Sarolea, 38; T. Museum in Moscow, 70 ;
Onions, 139; An Actor's Hamlet, by Calvert, Stephan (Friedrich), journalist, death, 165
Hadji Murád, 95
ed. Wood, 203 ; Julius Caesar: at Oxford, Stephen (Caroline Emelia), The Vision of Faith, 35 Tone (Theobald Wolfe), Autobiography, ed. R.
206 ; The Pathetic Heroines in s. , by Ellen Stephens (James), The Charwoman's Daughter, Barry O'Brien, 587
Terry, 236 ; Cunningham's Extracts from the 278; The Hill of Vision, 303
Totemism, 71
Revels' Books, 390, 469, 654 ;
Othello' at Stephens (Winifred), Margaret of France, 189 Tovey (D. F. ), concerts, 543, 631
His Majesty's, 419 ; 's. on the stage, by Winter, Stephenson (P. K. ), Harrow School "Register, Towle (Eleanor A. ), A Poet's Children, 387
511 ; 8. Festival at His Majesty's, 603 ; Hamlet
1800-1911, 306
Townsend (C. W. ), Capt. Cartwright and his
concert at Earl's Court, 663
Stewart-Brown (R. ), History of the Manor of Labrador Journal, 314
Sharp (Cecil J. ), English Folk-Carols, 21
Allerton, 156
Toxins and Microbes, by Dr. É. Barnet, 367
Sharp Evelyn), The Victories of Olivia, 217
Shaw (Florence), Needlework Manuals, 64
Stirner (Max), The Ego and bis Own, tr. Bying. Tragedy, A New, 687
ton, Introd. by Walker, 525
Träger (Albert),
poet, death, 394
Shaw (G. Bernard): Mrs. Warren's Profession, Stobart (J. C. ), The Glory that was Greece, 388 Trarieux, (M. ), Un Soir, 480
716; B. S. et son Guvre, by Cestre, 730
Sheldon (J. Prince), Dairying, 395
Stock (St. George), English Thought for English Traveller, The True, by W. H. Davies, 408
Thinkers, 386
Tree (Sir H. ), Shakespeare Festival, 603 ; revival
Shelley and Byron Autographs, 590
Stoker (Bram), author, death, 480
of Oliver Twist,' 688
Shepherd's (Messrs. ) Spring Exhibition, 345
Shepperson (C. A. ), exhibition, 201
Stopes (Mrs. C. C. ) un Jacob and Esau, 76
Tremearne (Major), Tailed Headhunters of Nigeria,
123
Sherborn (c. w. ), engraver, death, 202
Stories in Grey, by Barry Pain, 9
Song, by
Trespasser, The, by D. H. Lawrence, 613
Shorter (c. K. ), Works of Emily Bronte, Vol. II. , Story (Mrs. J. L. ), Early Reminiscences, 219
Trevelyan (Sir G. o. ), George III. and Charles
England
Fox, Vol. I. , 246
Shropshire: s. , by Auden, 528 ; Churches of S. , Story of Quamin, by May Harvey Drummond, 39 Triangulation of the United Kingdom, 685
by Cranage, Vol. II. , 539
Sibree (Anna) of Coventry, death, 165
Strahan (J. A. ), The Copyright Act, 1911, 117
Trilby, by Paul Potter, 236
Sickert (Walter), exhibition, 508
Strand, Annals of the, by E. Beresford Chan- Tripoli : With the Turks in T. , by E. N. Bennett,
Signal, The, by W. M. Garshin, tr. Smith, 387
cellor, 496
358; T. and Young Italy, by C. Lawportb and H.
Siloti (A. ),
My Memories of Liszt, 233 ; pianoforte
Wilson, 39;
7
, 39
Strindberg (August), dramatist and novelist, Zimmern, 615
death, 576 ; Plays, tr. E. Björkman, 714
Trotère (Henry), composer, death, 419
Silver Cockle, A Good Citizen Catechism, 301
Stubbs (Dr. C. W. ), Bishop of Truro, death, 536
Trotter (Capt. L. J. ), writer on India, death, 536
Studer (P. ), Oak Book of Southampton, 155
Tuberculosis conveyed by sweat, 659
recital, 291
## p. xii (#16) #############################################
SUPPLEMENT TO THE ATHENÆUM with No. 4421, July 20, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
JANUARY TO JUNE 1912
XII
son, 232
Turco-Italian War: The T. -I. War and its Ward (A. W. ), Cambridge History of English Winchester, by E. Haslehust and S. Heath, 318
Problems, by Sir T. Barclay, 94 ; With the Literature, Vol. VIII. , 382
Winkelınann (Hermann), singer, death, 138
Turks in Tripoli, by E. N. Bennett, 358; Tripoli Ward (Mgr. Bernard), The Eve of Catholic Winter (W. ), Shakespeare on the Stage, 511
and Young Italy, by C. Lapworth and H. Emancipation, Vols. I. and II. , 329, 389
Wisdom (J. H. ), Lermontov's The Heart of a
Zimmern, 615
Ward (Wilfrid), Life of Cardinal Newman, 93 Russian, 408
Turner (H. H. ), The Great Star Map, 103
War God, The, by Israel Zangwill, 23
Witherby (H. F. ), Hand-List of British Birds, 682
Tynan (Katharine), Princess Katharine, 63
War Medals, sale, 686
Wiveliscombe, History of, by F. Hancock, 156
Tyrrell (Dr. R. Y. ) on Jane Austen, 656
Warren (F. E. ) on Cornish MSS. , 222
Wolff (8. Lee), Greek Romances in Elizabethan
Warwick (Countess of), The Great State, 647
Prose Fiction, 675
Water-colours : at Messrs. Tooth's, and the Wolf-Ferrari's I Giojelli della Madonna, produc-
U
Galerie Druet, Paris, 21 ; at Messrs. Agnew's, tion, 663
262
Wollaston (A. F. R. ), Pygmies and Papuans, 701
Ulster, by A. Williams and 8. Gwynn, 318
Waters of Bitterness, The, by 8. M. Fox, 108 Wollstonecraft (Mary), by Camilla Jebb, 307
Ultra-violet light, effect on insects, 712
Watson (Sir C. M. ), The Story of Jerusalem, 429 Woman, the Good and the Bad, 11
United States, number of books published in, 656 Watson (H. B. Marriott), Couch Fires and Prim- Woman, Working, Autobiography of, by Adel-
Universities of Ancient Greece, by J. W. H. rose Ways, 95
heid Popp, tr. Harvey, 408
Walden, 643
Watson (Rosamund Marriott), poet, death, 11 Woman's Rights Movement: The Modern
Unseen Kings, by Eva Gore Booth, 204
Watson W. ), The Heralds of the Dawn, 526
W. R. M. , by Dr. Kaethe Schirmacher, tr.
Unstead (J. F. ), Philips' Series
of Wall Atlases, 71 Way (A. S. ), Lay of the Nibelung Men,
158
Eckhardt, 190 ; The Story of the Women's
Up to Perrin's, by Margaret B. Cross, 304
Way (T. R. ), Memories of James McNeill Whistler, Suffrage Movement, by Mason, 221
738
Women: W. 's Work in Local Government, by
Wazan (Emily, Shareefa of), My Life Story, 36 Brownlow, 11; W. at the British and German
V
Wedmore (Sir F. ), collection of etchings sold, 739 Universities, 45 ; W. and Prisons, by Blagg and
Weeden (E. St. C. ), A Year with the Gaekwar of Wilson, 278; W. 's International Art Club,
Vachell (H. A. ), Jelf's, 420
Baroda, 190
290 ; W. as astronomers, 317, 396; W. at
Vaillat (L. ), Société du XVIII. Siècle et ses
Weekley (Ernest), The Romance of Words, 381, French Universities and High Schools, 476
Peintres, 168
440
Wood (Metcalfe),
Calvert's An Actor's Hamlet, 203
Van Dyck and Portrait Engraving, 105
Welch (C. ), The Recorder and Other Flutes, 233 Woodcock (H. De Carle), The Doctor and the
Vansittart (R. ), John Stuart, 217
Well of the Saints, The, by J. M. Synge, 715
People, 505
Vecsey (Franz von), violin recital, 291
Wells (H. G. ), Kipps, 291 ; The Great State, 647 Woodhouse (T. ), Textile Design, 232
Venice and Venetia, by E. Hutton, 10
Wendt (Dr. Gustav), classical teacher, death, 341 Wood Sculpture, by A. Maskell, 48
Venn (Dr. J.
) on Anthropometric Laboratories, 369 Westcott (Sebastian), organist of St. Paul's, 543 Words, The Romance of, by Ernest Weekley,
Verdi's Aida, 575
Westminster, Abbot's House at, by J. A. Robin- 381, 440
Verrall (Prof. ), death, 709
Wordsworth (W. ), Concordance to the Poems of,
Victoria and Albert Museum, additions, 202
Weyl (W. E. ), The New Democracy, 384
by Lane Cooper, 278
Victories of Olivia, The, by Evelyn Sharp, 217
Weyman (Stanley), Thin-Paper Edition, 38 Workhouse Ward, The, by Lady Gregory, 741
Views and Reviews from the Outlook of an
What Diantha Did, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Works of Man, The, by Lisle March Phillips, 476
Anthropologist, by Sir Harry Johnston, 597
63
Worrall (Lechmere), Ann, 716
Views and Vagabonds, by R. Macaulay, 188
When we begin to think, by R. J. Dunkelsbuhler, Wright (Sir A. E. ), Technique of Teat and Capil-
Villiers (Brougham), Modern Democracy, 588
140
lary Glass Tube, 443
Vision of Faith, by Caroline Emelia Stephen, 35
Whetham (Mr. and Mrs. ), Heredity and Society, Wright (J. C. ), Changes of a century, 11
Visions of Life, 274
133
Wyzewa (T. de), W. A. Mozart, 170
Visitation of England and Wales, Vol. XVII. , Whistler (James McNeill), Memories, by T. R.
by Crisp, 39
Way, 738
x
Vizetelly (E. A. ), Anarchists, their Faith and Whitechapel Art Gallery, Scottish Art and
their Record, 187
History at, 686
Voltz (Ludwig), painter, death, 21
Whitehead (A. N. ), Principia Mathematica, Vols. X Club of Painters, exhibition, 661
Vulgate, Revision of the, 471
I. and II. , 537
Whitehouse (J. H. ), Problems of Boy Life, Introd.
Y
by Bishop of Hereford, 96
Widgery (Alban), Eucken’s Life's Basis and Life's Yates (Frederick), landscapes and portraits, 348
W
Ideal, 157
Widow in the Bye Street, The, by J. Masefield, 677 Year with the Gaekwar of Baroda, by E. 'St. C.
Wace (A. J. B. ), Prehistoric Thessaly, 397
Widsith, by R. W. Chambers, 435
Weeden, 190
Wade (C. E. ), John Pym, 700
Wifela's Combe, by F. Hancock, 156
Yeats (W. B. ), Plays for an Irish Theatre, 51;
Wade (G. W. and J. H. ), Rambles in Somerset, 528 Wight, Isle of, by É. Haslehust and E. Thomas, 318 Yorkshire Village, Life in a, by J. F. Blake-
Kathleen ni Houlihan, 663
Wagner (R. ): Das Liebesmahl der Apostel, 234 ; Wilbee (J. C. ), Harrow bookseller, death, 596
Briefwechsel mit seinen Verlegern, Vol. 11.
, Wilberforce (Right Rev. Ernest Roland), by Young (Ernest), Finland, 247
borough, 528
ed. Altmann, 319; Ring—Tristan und Isolde, J. B. Atlay, 154
510 ; From Mendelssohn to W. , by Davison, Wilde (Oscar): 0. w. , by A. Ransome, 191; The Younger Generation, The, by Stanley Houghton,
574 ; Flying Dutchman, Rhinegold, Valkyrie, Tomb of O. W. , by Epstein, 660
544
vocal scores-Five Poems, 602
Wildman (W. ), water-colours, 446
Wagner (Siegfried) in London, 575
Williams (A. ), Ulster-Leinster, 318
Z
Walbrook (H. M. ), Nights at the Play, 22
Williams (C. F. Abdy), Aristoxenian Theory of
Walden (J. W. H. ), The Universities of Ancient Musical Rhythm, 290
Zangwill (Israel), The War God, 23; The Next
Greece, 643
Williams (E. Baumer), Letters to William Alling Religion, 235, 448
Waldstein (Dr. C. ), knighted, 713
ham, 275
Zedler (Gottfried), Die Bamberger Pfisterdrucke,
Walenn Quartet Concert, 291
Williams (Hugh), Christianity in Early Britain,
432
Walker (Emery), Historical Portraits, 168
302
Zimmern (Helen), Tripoli and Young Italy, 615
Walker (J. L. ), Stirner's The Ego and his Own, 525 Williams (Orlo), Life and Letters of John Rick- Zlatovratsky (N. N. ), folk-novelist, death, 17
Waller (A. R. ), Cambridge History of English
man, 275
Zola (É. ), Thérèse Raquin, 479
Literature, Vol. VIII. , 382
Williamson (R. W. ), The Mafulu Mountain People, Zoological Society, 260, 315, 368, 416 ; Mr. J. S.
Wallis (B. C. ), A Geography of the World, 71
568
Huxley on the Courtship of the Redshank, 506 ;
Walter (Eugene), The Easiest Way, 202
Williston (S. W. ), American Permian Vertebrates, 570, 627 ; Exhibition of Photographs, 659 ;
Walther (Johann), piece in canonic form played, 166
Discussion on the Preservation of our Native
741
Wilson (Charlotte), Women and Prisons, 278
Fauna, 684
War: W. , and other Essays, by W. Graham Wilson (H. Hay), A Somerset Sketch-Book, 528 Zoroastrianism, Prof. Hope Moulton on, 257, 313,
Sumner, 245 ; W. and its Alleged Benefits, by Wilson (J. Dover), Life in Shakespeare's England, 509, 541, 574, 655
Novikow, 335
39
Zoroastrians and Buddhism, 601
.
## p. 5 (#17) ###############################################
No. 1393, JAN. 6, 1912
THE ATHENAEUM
5
PAGE
5
6
6
8-9
10-11
11
14
16
THE
ENGLISH
17-21
AND
21-22
22-24
laughter. We are interested to discover But, on this view, it would be far simpler
SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, 1912. how far M. Bergson can enter into the to connect laughter, if indeed that be
primitive man's idea of a joke-some- the same thing as ridicule, with that
CONTENTS.
thing, let us say, with a stone-knife in it. “ persecuting tendency," as Bagehot calls
BERGSOX ox LAUGHTER
But this turns out not to be his line of it, which is associated with the mainten-
THE GLASTONBURY LAKE VILLAGE
ance of custom for custom's sake.
THE HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE
inquiry at all. His data are by no means
Society
CORONATION
NEW NOVELS (Kennedy Square; The Last Stronghold) 8 of worldwide derivation. His anthropo- does not as such resent the slightest hint
SHORT STORIES (More Ghost Stories of an Antiquary ;
Among the Idolmakers ; Stories in Grey; The
logical laboratory is simply a stall at of the mechanical and artificial. On the
Island of Enchantment)
the Comédie Française. Sitting there, contrary, it stands precisely for that
HISTORIC FAMILIES (The Seymours; The Caven.
dishes ; The Russells of Birmingham). 9–10 he endeavours to plot out a " sequence element of rigidity and inertia which is
BOOKS ON ITALY (Venice and Venetia ; Italian
Castles and Country Seats; My Italian Year;
of comic forms,” leading on and up integral to the life-force no less than is
How to See Italy by Rail)
from the mere horseplay of the clown the complementary element of plasticity
OUR LIBRARY TABLE (Women's work in Local
Government; Changes of a Century; Woman,
to the most refined efforts of comedy. and impetus. Thus there is something to
the Good and the Bad; Post Office London This sequence is a purely logical one. be said for turning M. Bergson's doctrine
Directory)
ROSAMUND MARRIOTT WATSON; THREE New That is to say, it is a device on the part upside down. It is individuality as it
LETTERS FROM EDWARD FITZGERALD; THE
ODES OF SOLOMON'; THE BOOK SALES OF 1911
of his thought to render a complex idea verges on eccentricity that the crowd
11–12 intelligible by resolving it into aspects, conspires to laugh down. Or, imitating
LIST OF NEW BOOKS . .
LITERARY GOSSIP
and taking these one by one in some sort our author's manner of discovering pro-
SCIENCE—THE THUNDERWEAPON IN RELIGION AND of helpful order. But this complex idea found principles behind insignificant acts.
FOLK-LORE; SOCIETIES ; MEETINGS NEXT WEEK;
GOSSIP
16 merely reflects his own experiences of we might say that why the theatre laughs
FINE ARTS-MICHEL“ ANGELO BUONARROTI; CATA-
LOGUE OF OLD MASTERS AT
laughter. Or, at most, he investigates at the clown is because he is too supple-
GRAFTON
GALLERIES; THE BOOK OF BRIDGES; OLD the modern Frenchman's notion of the because he seems to have no bones in his
MASTERS AT THE ACADEMY ; LANDSCAPE EXHI-
BITION ; WATER-COLOURS AT MESSRS. TOOTH'S ;
comic. But we others laugh too, and body.
GOSSIP; EXHIBITIONS . .
MUSIC
our risible faculties may be moved by
FOLK - CAROLS ; MUSIC
But, to
things which hardly stir our neighbours touched on above the fine, intellectual
,
NATIONALISM; Post. VICTORIAN MUSIC; GOSSIP ;
resume the point we have
PERFORMANCES NEXT WEEK
DRAMA-NIGHTS AT THE PLAY; MR. SOMERSET
across the Channel.
MAUGHAM'S PLAYS; THE WAR GOD; THE ART of the movement of life should have rather pitiless laughter of Paris, which
OF THE THEATRE; GOSSIP
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
24 surely essayed a running analysis, as
makes sport of the awkward-does this
it were, of the wayward humours of the supply more than one note in the gamut
time-spirit. Here, however, the philo- of human merriment? Is British laughter,
LITERATURE
sopher appears to merge in the Parisian- for instance, of this quality? The laugh
nay, in the eternal-Parisian, which is boisterous, the laugh humorous and akin
well known to be a type that defies the to tears, and, queerest phenomenon of
evolutionary process.
all, the laugh internal, are none of them
easily brought within the scope of M.
Laughter : an Essay on the Meaning of the Laughter, argues our subtle author, is Bergson's characterization, but mean-
Comic. By Henri Bergson. Translated directed against all that is in contradiction while may be perceived to have type-
by Cloudesley Brereton and F. Roth with the movement of life. Want of value in relation to English, Irish, and
well. (Macmillan & Co. )
adaptability as displayed by whatever Scotch psychology. Moreover, in these
is mechanical or artificial calls down upon islands we have raised to the pitch of a
This brilliant essay, which hardly suffers itself this particular chastisement at the fine art the habit of laughing at our -
by translation, so well have Messrs. hands of society.
selves.
Brereton and Rothwell caught the spirit
That, perhaps, may be the
of their original, is incomparable as a work
“Here we perceive how easy it is for a
reason why, with us, duels have gone
'Don Quixote furnishes
of art. But is it sound, regarded simply garment to become ridiculous. It might out of fashion.
with the general type of comic
as an analysis of the meaning of laughter almost be said that every fashion is laugh-
Only, when we are absurdity,” says M. Bergson. If the
Indeed, on the principles upheld by the dealing with the fashion of the day, we are Anglo-Saxon laughs at Don Quixote, he
distinguished author, it is not easy to see so accustomed to it that the garment seems,
how analysis in the ordinary sense is to
likewise laughs with him, since his own
in our mind, to form one with the individual half-repressed, half-cherished foible is to
be carried on at all.
wearing it. We do not separate them in
tilt at windmills.
imagination. The idea no longer occurs to
Our excuse for attacking the problem to contrast the inert rigidity of the
of the meaning of laughter must lie in the covering with the living suppleness of the laughter. ' To be the handmaid of
Let us, then, refuse to formularize
a
fact that we shall not aim at imprisoning the
comic spirit within a definition. We regard here remains in a latent condition.
& latent condition. It philosophy, even of the Bergsonian philo-
it, above all, as a living thing. However will only succeed in emerging when the sophy which catches at the ripple of the
trivial it may be, we shall treat it with the natural incompatibility is so deep-seated stream of life, is no meet function for
respect due to life. We shall confine our- between the covering and the covered that the irrepressible goddess. We laugh be-
Selves to watching it grow and expand. an immemorial association fails to cause we overflow, not because some of
Passing by imperceptible gradations from cement this union : a case in point is our
those around us experience a difficulty
one form to another, it will be seen to achieve head and top hat. "
the strangest metamorphoses. We shall
in flowing at all. Merriment is the
disdain nothing we have seen. And maybe Without proceeding to study in detail grace which should accompany strength,
we may also find that we have made an the endless forms of the comic that with that strength may temper its own bru-
acquaintance that is useful. For the comic
more or less plausibility are reduced to tality, not that it may flick the feebler
spirit has a logic of its own, even in its wildest
eccentricities. It has a method in its mad-
cases of the stiff and starched, let us ask folk on the raw. The ancients said that
a lame man
whether this example of the top hat carries
satis bella materies
It dreams, I admit, but it conjures
up, in its dreams, visions that are at once
conviction with it. For society does not ad jocandum. ” So, apparently, says M.
accepted and understood by the whole of a laugh at the top hat. It laughs, on the Bergson in his loftier way, as he regards the
Can it then fail to throw contrary, at the man who joins the “ hat- lame efforts of humanity to advance grace-
light for us on the way that human imagina- less brigade. " We are asked by M. Berg: fully. But, rather than laugh at others'
tion works, and more particularly social, son to assume that
lameness, why not laugh at our own super-
collective, and popula: imagination ? Be-
abundant energy which bids us, instead
gotten of real life an, akin to art, should it “our laughter is always the laughter of of walking, seek to fly in the air ? And,
not also have some'ning of its own to tell us a group. . . . A man who was once asked why meanwhile, let us, as men and philosophers,
about art and life "
he did not weep at a sermon, when every-
body else was shedding tears, replied : I
These words would seem to foreshadow
none the less seek to fly. There is a light.
don't belong to the parish! What that
an historical treatment.
ness inherent in laughter of the purer kind
We expect an
man thought of tears would be still more true that may suffice to save us from serious
any
account ci the psychological springs of of laughter. "
fall.
us
us
even
was
ness.
social group.
Thunderweapon in Religion and Folk-lore, by
ampton, 289
Stationers' Hall, exhibition of English books, Blinkenberg, 18
Seth (J. ), English Philosophers, 386
1477-1800, 735
Thursby (C. ), The Coronation, 139
Seymour (Sir E. H. ), My Naval Career, 37 Stead (W. T. ), obituary, 468, 596
Thurston (E. Temple), The Flower of Gloster, 120
Seymour Family, by A. Audrey Locke, 9
Steele (R. ), Opera inedita Rogeri Baconi, Fasc. III. , Ticehurst (N. F. ), Hand-List of British Birds, 682
Shadow of Neeme, The, by Lady Bancroft, 304
388; The Revival of Printing, 432
Time-signals from the Eiffel Tower, 712
Shadow of Power, The, by Paul Bertram, 63 Steggall (J. E. A. ), Saint Andrews University Todd (Dr. Margaret) on the late Dr. Sophia Jex-
Shadow of the Glen, The, by J. M. Synge, 741
Scientific Papers, 46
Blake, 221
Shakespeare (w. ): Life in is. 's England, by Stein (M. Aurel), Ruins of Desert Cathay, 258 Tolstoy: Father Sergius-Life of Count T. , by
The Oxford 8. Glossary, by Steinheil (Marguerite), My Memoirs, 493
Sarolea, 38; T. Museum in Moscow, 70 ;
Onions, 139; An Actor's Hamlet, by Calvert, Stephan (Friedrich), journalist, death, 165
Hadji Murád, 95
ed. Wood, 203 ; Julius Caesar: at Oxford, Stephen (Caroline Emelia), The Vision of Faith, 35 Tone (Theobald Wolfe), Autobiography, ed. R.
206 ; The Pathetic Heroines in s. , by Ellen Stephens (James), The Charwoman's Daughter, Barry O'Brien, 587
Terry, 236 ; Cunningham's Extracts from the 278; The Hill of Vision, 303
Totemism, 71
Revels' Books, 390, 469, 654 ;
Othello' at Stephens (Winifred), Margaret of France, 189 Tovey (D. F. ), concerts, 543, 631
His Majesty's, 419 ; 's. on the stage, by Winter, Stephenson (P. K. ), Harrow School "Register, Towle (Eleanor A. ), A Poet's Children, 387
511 ; 8. Festival at His Majesty's, 603 ; Hamlet
1800-1911, 306
Townsend (C. W. ), Capt. Cartwright and his
concert at Earl's Court, 663
Stewart-Brown (R. ), History of the Manor of Labrador Journal, 314
Sharp (Cecil J. ), English Folk-Carols, 21
Allerton, 156
Toxins and Microbes, by Dr. É. Barnet, 367
Sharp Evelyn), The Victories of Olivia, 217
Shaw (Florence), Needlework Manuals, 64
Stirner (Max), The Ego and bis Own, tr. Bying. Tragedy, A New, 687
ton, Introd. by Walker, 525
Träger (Albert),
poet, death, 394
Shaw (G. Bernard): Mrs. Warren's Profession, Stobart (J. C. ), The Glory that was Greece, 388 Trarieux, (M. ), Un Soir, 480
716; B. S. et son Guvre, by Cestre, 730
Sheldon (J. Prince), Dairying, 395
Stock (St. George), English Thought for English Traveller, The True, by W. H. Davies, 408
Thinkers, 386
Tree (Sir H. ), Shakespeare Festival, 603 ; revival
Shelley and Byron Autographs, 590
Stoker (Bram), author, death, 480
of Oliver Twist,' 688
Shepherd's (Messrs. ) Spring Exhibition, 345
Shepperson (C. A. ), exhibition, 201
Stopes (Mrs. C. C. ) un Jacob and Esau, 76
Tremearne (Major), Tailed Headhunters of Nigeria,
123
Sherborn (c. w. ), engraver, death, 202
Stories in Grey, by Barry Pain, 9
Song, by
Trespasser, The, by D. H. Lawrence, 613
Shorter (c. K. ), Works of Emily Bronte, Vol. II. , Story (Mrs. J. L. ), Early Reminiscences, 219
Trevelyan (Sir G. o. ), George III. and Charles
England
Fox, Vol. I. , 246
Shropshire: s. , by Auden, 528 ; Churches of S. , Story of Quamin, by May Harvey Drummond, 39 Triangulation of the United Kingdom, 685
by Cranage, Vol. II. , 539
Sibree (Anna) of Coventry, death, 165
Strahan (J. A. ), The Copyright Act, 1911, 117
Trilby, by Paul Potter, 236
Sickert (Walter), exhibition, 508
Strand, Annals of the, by E. Beresford Chan- Tripoli : With the Turks in T. , by E. N. Bennett,
Signal, The, by W. M. Garshin, tr. Smith, 387
cellor, 496
358; T. and Young Italy, by C. Lawportb and H.
Siloti (A. ),
My Memories of Liszt, 233 ; pianoforte
Wilson, 39;
7
, 39
Strindberg (August), dramatist and novelist, Zimmern, 615
death, 576 ; Plays, tr. E. Björkman, 714
Trotère (Henry), composer, death, 419
Silver Cockle, A Good Citizen Catechism, 301
Stubbs (Dr. C. W. ), Bishop of Truro, death, 536
Trotter (Capt. L. J. ), writer on India, death, 536
Studer (P. ), Oak Book of Southampton, 155
Tuberculosis conveyed by sweat, 659
recital, 291
## p. xii (#16) #############################################
SUPPLEMENT TO THE ATHENÆUM with No. 4421, July 20, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
JANUARY TO JUNE 1912
XII
son, 232
Turco-Italian War: The T. -I. War and its Ward (A. W. ), Cambridge History of English Winchester, by E. Haslehust and S. Heath, 318
Problems, by Sir T. Barclay, 94 ; With the Literature, Vol. VIII. , 382
Winkelınann (Hermann), singer, death, 138
Turks in Tripoli, by E. N. Bennett, 358; Tripoli Ward (Mgr. Bernard), The Eve of Catholic Winter (W. ), Shakespeare on the Stage, 511
and Young Italy, by C. Lapworth and H. Emancipation, Vols. I. and II. , 329, 389
Wisdom (J. H. ), Lermontov's The Heart of a
Zimmern, 615
Ward (Wilfrid), Life of Cardinal Newman, 93 Russian, 408
Turner (H. H. ), The Great Star Map, 103
War God, The, by Israel Zangwill, 23
Witherby (H. F. ), Hand-List of British Birds, 682
Tynan (Katharine), Princess Katharine, 63
War Medals, sale, 686
Wiveliscombe, History of, by F. Hancock, 156
Tyrrell (Dr. R. Y. ) on Jane Austen, 656
Warren (F. E. ) on Cornish MSS. , 222
Wolff (8. Lee), Greek Romances in Elizabethan
Warwick (Countess of), The Great State, 647
Prose Fiction, 675
Water-colours : at Messrs. Tooth's, and the Wolf-Ferrari's I Giojelli della Madonna, produc-
U
Galerie Druet, Paris, 21 ; at Messrs. Agnew's, tion, 663
262
Wollaston (A. F. R. ), Pygmies and Papuans, 701
Ulster, by A. Williams and 8. Gwynn, 318
Waters of Bitterness, The, by 8. M. Fox, 108 Wollstonecraft (Mary), by Camilla Jebb, 307
Ultra-violet light, effect on insects, 712
Watson (Sir C. M. ), The Story of Jerusalem, 429 Woman, the Good and the Bad, 11
United States, number of books published in, 656 Watson (H. B. Marriott), Couch Fires and Prim- Woman, Working, Autobiography of, by Adel-
Universities of Ancient Greece, by J. W. H. rose Ways, 95
heid Popp, tr. Harvey, 408
Walden, 643
Watson (Rosamund Marriott), poet, death, 11 Woman's Rights Movement: The Modern
Unseen Kings, by Eva Gore Booth, 204
Watson W. ), The Heralds of the Dawn, 526
W. R. M. , by Dr. Kaethe Schirmacher, tr.
Unstead (J. F. ), Philips' Series
of Wall Atlases, 71 Way (A. S. ), Lay of the Nibelung Men,
158
Eckhardt, 190 ; The Story of the Women's
Up to Perrin's, by Margaret B. Cross, 304
Way (T. R. ), Memories of James McNeill Whistler, Suffrage Movement, by Mason, 221
738
Women: W. 's Work in Local Government, by
Wazan (Emily, Shareefa of), My Life Story, 36 Brownlow, 11; W. at the British and German
V
Wedmore (Sir F. ), collection of etchings sold, 739 Universities, 45 ; W. and Prisons, by Blagg and
Weeden (E. St. C. ), A Year with the Gaekwar of Wilson, 278; W. 's International Art Club,
Vachell (H. A. ), Jelf's, 420
Baroda, 190
290 ; W. as astronomers, 317, 396; W. at
Vaillat (L. ), Société du XVIII. Siècle et ses
Weekley (Ernest), The Romance of Words, 381, French Universities and High Schools, 476
Peintres, 168
440
Wood (Metcalfe),
Calvert's An Actor's Hamlet, 203
Van Dyck and Portrait Engraving, 105
Welch (C. ), The Recorder and Other Flutes, 233 Woodcock (H. De Carle), The Doctor and the
Vansittart (R. ), John Stuart, 217
Well of the Saints, The, by J. M. Synge, 715
People, 505
Vecsey (Franz von), violin recital, 291
Wells (H. G. ), Kipps, 291 ; The Great State, 647 Woodhouse (T. ), Textile Design, 232
Venice and Venetia, by E. Hutton, 10
Wendt (Dr. Gustav), classical teacher, death, 341 Wood Sculpture, by A. Maskell, 48
Venn (Dr. J.
) on Anthropometric Laboratories, 369 Westcott (Sebastian), organist of St. Paul's, 543 Words, The Romance of, by Ernest Weekley,
Verdi's Aida, 575
Westminster, Abbot's House at, by J. A. Robin- 381, 440
Verrall (Prof. ), death, 709
Wordsworth (W. ), Concordance to the Poems of,
Victoria and Albert Museum, additions, 202
Weyl (W. E. ), The New Democracy, 384
by Lane Cooper, 278
Victories of Olivia, The, by Evelyn Sharp, 217
Weyman (Stanley), Thin-Paper Edition, 38 Workhouse Ward, The, by Lady Gregory, 741
Views and Reviews from the Outlook of an
What Diantha Did, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Works of Man, The, by Lisle March Phillips, 476
Anthropologist, by Sir Harry Johnston, 597
63
Worrall (Lechmere), Ann, 716
Views and Vagabonds, by R. Macaulay, 188
When we begin to think, by R. J. Dunkelsbuhler, Wright (Sir A. E. ), Technique of Teat and Capil-
Villiers (Brougham), Modern Democracy, 588
140
lary Glass Tube, 443
Vision of Faith, by Caroline Emelia Stephen, 35
Whetham (Mr. and Mrs. ), Heredity and Society, Wright (J. C. ), Changes of a century, 11
Visions of Life, 274
133
Wyzewa (T. de), W. A. Mozart, 170
Visitation of England and Wales, Vol. XVII. , Whistler (James McNeill), Memories, by T. R.
by Crisp, 39
Way, 738
x
Vizetelly (E. A. ), Anarchists, their Faith and Whitechapel Art Gallery, Scottish Art and
their Record, 187
History at, 686
Voltz (Ludwig), painter, death, 21
Whitehead (A. N. ), Principia Mathematica, Vols. X Club of Painters, exhibition, 661
Vulgate, Revision of the, 471
I. and II. , 537
Whitehouse (J. H. ), Problems of Boy Life, Introd.
Y
by Bishop of Hereford, 96
Widgery (Alban), Eucken’s Life's Basis and Life's Yates (Frederick), landscapes and portraits, 348
W
Ideal, 157
Widow in the Bye Street, The, by J. Masefield, 677 Year with the Gaekwar of Baroda, by E. 'St. C.
Wace (A. J. B. ), Prehistoric Thessaly, 397
Widsith, by R. W. Chambers, 435
Weeden, 190
Wade (C. E. ), John Pym, 700
Wifela's Combe, by F. Hancock, 156
Yeats (W. B. ), Plays for an Irish Theatre, 51;
Wade (G. W. and J. H. ), Rambles in Somerset, 528 Wight, Isle of, by É. Haslehust and E. Thomas, 318 Yorkshire Village, Life in a, by J. F. Blake-
Kathleen ni Houlihan, 663
Wagner (R. ): Das Liebesmahl der Apostel, 234 ; Wilbee (J. C. ), Harrow bookseller, death, 596
Briefwechsel mit seinen Verlegern, Vol. 11.
, Wilberforce (Right Rev. Ernest Roland), by Young (Ernest), Finland, 247
borough, 528
ed. Altmann, 319; Ring—Tristan und Isolde, J. B. Atlay, 154
510 ; From Mendelssohn to W. , by Davison, Wilde (Oscar): 0. w. , by A. Ransome, 191; The Younger Generation, The, by Stanley Houghton,
574 ; Flying Dutchman, Rhinegold, Valkyrie, Tomb of O. W. , by Epstein, 660
544
vocal scores-Five Poems, 602
Wildman (W. ), water-colours, 446
Wagner (Siegfried) in London, 575
Williams (A. ), Ulster-Leinster, 318
Z
Walbrook (H. M. ), Nights at the Play, 22
Williams (C. F. Abdy), Aristoxenian Theory of
Walden (J. W. H. ), The Universities of Ancient Musical Rhythm, 290
Zangwill (Israel), The War God, 23; The Next
Greece, 643
Williams (E. Baumer), Letters to William Alling Religion, 235, 448
Waldstein (Dr. C. ), knighted, 713
ham, 275
Zedler (Gottfried), Die Bamberger Pfisterdrucke,
Walenn Quartet Concert, 291
Williams (Hugh), Christianity in Early Britain,
432
Walker (Emery), Historical Portraits, 168
302
Zimmern (Helen), Tripoli and Young Italy, 615
Walker (J. L. ), Stirner's The Ego and his Own, 525 Williams (Orlo), Life and Letters of John Rick- Zlatovratsky (N. N. ), folk-novelist, death, 17
Waller (A. R. ), Cambridge History of English
man, 275
Zola (É. ), Thérèse Raquin, 479
Literature, Vol. VIII. , 382
Williamson (R. W. ), The Mafulu Mountain People, Zoological Society, 260, 315, 368, 416 ; Mr. J. S.
Wallis (B. C. ), A Geography of the World, 71
568
Huxley on the Courtship of the Redshank, 506 ;
Walter (Eugene), The Easiest Way, 202
Williston (S. W. ), American Permian Vertebrates, 570, 627 ; Exhibition of Photographs, 659 ;
Walther (Johann), piece in canonic form played, 166
Discussion on the Preservation of our Native
741
Wilson (Charlotte), Women and Prisons, 278
Fauna, 684
War: W. , and other Essays, by W. Graham Wilson (H. Hay), A Somerset Sketch-Book, 528 Zoroastrianism, Prof. Hope Moulton on, 257, 313,
Sumner, 245 ; W. and its Alleged Benefits, by Wilson (J. Dover), Life in Shakespeare's England, 509, 541, 574, 655
Novikow, 335
39
Zoroastrians and Buddhism, 601
.
## p. 5 (#17) ###############################################
No. 1393, JAN. 6, 1912
THE ATHENAEUM
5
PAGE
5
6
6
8-9
10-11
11
14
16
THE
ENGLISH
17-21
AND
21-22
22-24
laughter. We are interested to discover But, on this view, it would be far simpler
SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, 1912. how far M. Bergson can enter into the to connect laughter, if indeed that be
primitive man's idea of a joke-some- the same thing as ridicule, with that
CONTENTS.
thing, let us say, with a stone-knife in it. “ persecuting tendency," as Bagehot calls
BERGSOX ox LAUGHTER
But this turns out not to be his line of it, which is associated with the mainten-
THE GLASTONBURY LAKE VILLAGE
ance of custom for custom's sake.
THE HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE
inquiry at all. His data are by no means
Society
CORONATION
NEW NOVELS (Kennedy Square; The Last Stronghold) 8 of worldwide derivation. His anthropo- does not as such resent the slightest hint
SHORT STORIES (More Ghost Stories of an Antiquary ;
Among the Idolmakers ; Stories in Grey; The
logical laboratory is simply a stall at of the mechanical and artificial. On the
Island of Enchantment)
the Comédie Française. Sitting there, contrary, it stands precisely for that
HISTORIC FAMILIES (The Seymours; The Caven.
dishes ; The Russells of Birmingham). 9–10 he endeavours to plot out a " sequence element of rigidity and inertia which is
BOOKS ON ITALY (Venice and Venetia ; Italian
Castles and Country Seats; My Italian Year;
of comic forms,” leading on and up integral to the life-force no less than is
How to See Italy by Rail)
from the mere horseplay of the clown the complementary element of plasticity
OUR LIBRARY TABLE (Women's work in Local
Government; Changes of a Century; Woman,
to the most refined efforts of comedy. and impetus. Thus there is something to
the Good and the Bad; Post Office London This sequence is a purely logical one. be said for turning M. Bergson's doctrine
Directory)
ROSAMUND MARRIOTT WATSON; THREE New That is to say, it is a device on the part upside down. It is individuality as it
LETTERS FROM EDWARD FITZGERALD; THE
ODES OF SOLOMON'; THE BOOK SALES OF 1911
of his thought to render a complex idea verges on eccentricity that the crowd
11–12 intelligible by resolving it into aspects, conspires to laugh down. Or, imitating
LIST OF NEW BOOKS . .
LITERARY GOSSIP
and taking these one by one in some sort our author's manner of discovering pro-
SCIENCE—THE THUNDERWEAPON IN RELIGION AND of helpful order. But this complex idea found principles behind insignificant acts.
FOLK-LORE; SOCIETIES ; MEETINGS NEXT WEEK;
GOSSIP
16 merely reflects his own experiences of we might say that why the theatre laughs
FINE ARTS-MICHEL“ ANGELO BUONARROTI; CATA-
LOGUE OF OLD MASTERS AT
laughter. Or, at most, he investigates at the clown is because he is too supple-
GRAFTON
GALLERIES; THE BOOK OF BRIDGES; OLD the modern Frenchman's notion of the because he seems to have no bones in his
MASTERS AT THE ACADEMY ; LANDSCAPE EXHI-
BITION ; WATER-COLOURS AT MESSRS. TOOTH'S ;
comic. But we others laugh too, and body.
GOSSIP; EXHIBITIONS . .
MUSIC
our risible faculties may be moved by
FOLK - CAROLS ; MUSIC
But, to
things which hardly stir our neighbours touched on above the fine, intellectual
,
NATIONALISM; Post. VICTORIAN MUSIC; GOSSIP ;
resume the point we have
PERFORMANCES NEXT WEEK
DRAMA-NIGHTS AT THE PLAY; MR. SOMERSET
across the Channel.
MAUGHAM'S PLAYS; THE WAR GOD; THE ART of the movement of life should have rather pitiless laughter of Paris, which
OF THE THEATRE; GOSSIP
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS
24 surely essayed a running analysis, as
makes sport of the awkward-does this
it were, of the wayward humours of the supply more than one note in the gamut
time-spirit. Here, however, the philo- of human merriment? Is British laughter,
LITERATURE
sopher appears to merge in the Parisian- for instance, of this quality? The laugh
nay, in the eternal-Parisian, which is boisterous, the laugh humorous and akin
well known to be a type that defies the to tears, and, queerest phenomenon of
evolutionary process.
all, the laugh internal, are none of them
easily brought within the scope of M.
Laughter : an Essay on the Meaning of the Laughter, argues our subtle author, is Bergson's characterization, but mean-
Comic. By Henri Bergson. Translated directed against all that is in contradiction while may be perceived to have type-
by Cloudesley Brereton and F. Roth with the movement of life. Want of value in relation to English, Irish, and
well. (Macmillan & Co. )
adaptability as displayed by whatever Scotch psychology. Moreover, in these
is mechanical or artificial calls down upon islands we have raised to the pitch of a
This brilliant essay, which hardly suffers itself this particular chastisement at the fine art the habit of laughing at our -
by translation, so well have Messrs. hands of society.
selves.
Brereton and Rothwell caught the spirit
That, perhaps, may be the
of their original, is incomparable as a work
“Here we perceive how easy it is for a
reason why, with us, duels have gone
'Don Quixote furnishes
of art. But is it sound, regarded simply garment to become ridiculous. It might out of fashion.
with the general type of comic
as an analysis of the meaning of laughter almost be said that every fashion is laugh-
Only, when we are absurdity,” says M. Bergson. If the
Indeed, on the principles upheld by the dealing with the fashion of the day, we are Anglo-Saxon laughs at Don Quixote, he
distinguished author, it is not easy to see so accustomed to it that the garment seems,
how analysis in the ordinary sense is to
likewise laughs with him, since his own
in our mind, to form one with the individual half-repressed, half-cherished foible is to
be carried on at all.
wearing it. We do not separate them in
tilt at windmills.
imagination. The idea no longer occurs to
Our excuse for attacking the problem to contrast the inert rigidity of the
of the meaning of laughter must lie in the covering with the living suppleness of the laughter. ' To be the handmaid of
Let us, then, refuse to formularize
a
fact that we shall not aim at imprisoning the
comic spirit within a definition. We regard here remains in a latent condition.
& latent condition. It philosophy, even of the Bergsonian philo-
it, above all, as a living thing. However will only succeed in emerging when the sophy which catches at the ripple of the
trivial it may be, we shall treat it with the natural incompatibility is so deep-seated stream of life, is no meet function for
respect due to life. We shall confine our- between the covering and the covered that the irrepressible goddess. We laugh be-
Selves to watching it grow and expand. an immemorial association fails to cause we overflow, not because some of
Passing by imperceptible gradations from cement this union : a case in point is our
those around us experience a difficulty
one form to another, it will be seen to achieve head and top hat. "
the strangest metamorphoses. We shall
in flowing at all. Merriment is the
disdain nothing we have seen. And maybe Without proceeding to study in detail grace which should accompany strength,
we may also find that we have made an the endless forms of the comic that with that strength may temper its own bru-
acquaintance that is useful. For the comic
more or less plausibility are reduced to tality, not that it may flick the feebler
spirit has a logic of its own, even in its wildest
eccentricities. It has a method in its mad-
cases of the stiff and starched, let us ask folk on the raw. The ancients said that
a lame man
whether this example of the top hat carries
satis bella materies
It dreams, I admit, but it conjures
up, in its dreams, visions that are at once
conviction with it. For society does not ad jocandum. ” So, apparently, says M.
accepted and understood by the whole of a laugh at the top hat. It laughs, on the Bergson in his loftier way, as he regards the
Can it then fail to throw contrary, at the man who joins the “ hat- lame efforts of humanity to advance grace-
light for us on the way that human imagina- less brigade. " We are asked by M. Berg: fully. But, rather than laugh at others'
tion works, and more particularly social, son to assume that
lameness, why not laugh at our own super-
collective, and popula: imagination ? Be-
abundant energy which bids us, instead
gotten of real life an, akin to art, should it “our laughter is always the laughter of of walking, seek to fly in the air ? And,
not also have some'ning of its own to tell us a group. . . . A man who was once asked why meanwhile, let us, as men and philosophers,
about art and life "
he did not weep at a sermon, when every-
body else was shedding tears, replied : I
These words would seem to foreshadow
none the less seek to fly. There is a light.
don't belong to the parish! What that
an historical treatment.
ness inherent in laughter of the purer kind
We expect an
man thought of tears would be still more true that may suffice to save us from serious
any
account ci the psychological springs of of laughter. "
fall.
us
us
even
was
ness.
social group.
