The Twelve
Apostrophes
105
?
?
McHugh-Roland-1976-The-Sigla-of-Finnegans-Wake
.
almosl IXlmplClely merted "'Ielher.
n. cduoplenoCbookII,? ? MnGlashttno~~! 'QP<:CIivdy epitomiu childhood, Idol. . . . "'oe, II\IIllIrity and senility. " n. c Ian phase is very Itrall",. II isat on. ce the mOIl vitll and the mO,1I e x h a u s l e d p * r t o f F W , Y . ' a n o t h e r " " '? . . . . u u " 1 , , . o,,(>' ' ' '[(n'um . 11 C O I l ' <<flU thetlimactic point in the . . laliomhip of T ri,tln and Isolde, a. ! hey return to Com,. . . U from Ireland, havin& drunk the love poIioQ. BUIilisprcomledentiKJy11. . fantasyorthepUt thtolllh ! be Iplinlnioi coruciou. . . . . 1 of lC. Allhough Mia. . . Lyons ;, caUed
Marcus todill;~lh him from KinS Mark, this is undone apin at 391. 14. x ond m ar. furuhmentaUy ;n the pme boal, I,ed, betrayed, . . ouhi"e.
The prirrlary IocIlion of II. . ;1 probably Trinity O>II. . e. Admittedly ! be other huh univenilies . bo reanorc: (385. 13, 3119-04-6), bUI we recurrently llOIice ! be landmarb immeddtdy infrontofIllemainpI""ofTrinity,the. tatue. on CoU. . eGtetll (origioaUy Hogen Grtc:o)-to wllich Ille memory of )( has IranI' f,,",edO? ConntU'u . . tueonthefar,~ofO'Conn<:IlBridie,Bal? lenby Bnxhera of W""unordand S{rttI, CIef}'I in O'CO~U
Strttl and 10 forth. Trinily CoII. . . , l. particubrly appropN~ 11 a senina to this advmrure. An ancienl Protestant stronghold, il ha, been "",ed for ill weallh of ceccnll"ic, aliellited academia, who . . . . ined theirfunctioru into advanced senescence. X are hi. . . lOry 1tc1U<ers, . . fured 10 vatiow p. . ,,<$UIl! dmominarion, in oonlrullO CI 'Roman c. . lhoJieanns' 0 89? 16). They mmmber m i l e s l o n e s i n s e c t a r d n c o n f l i c t f r o m t h e i r l e c t u r e s 10 0 . T h q . O O
perpetuate 'he m. :mc of 'he latl lupper from II. ), inetlectively l'eptlltina 'PalS the fuh for ChrHl IIh, amen! ' BI,II Ihey can alliin 10 no tlilrir, noc can they reach -i, who h. . . beC1\ dqraded behind their Ipccndeo 10 a holl>OJe! lCily, 'woman tq. . asl! '.
A, lCrell in the le i thq arc espedilly Idble 10 remember various drowned companions and marine eat:utrop! >es. Th. . . . )87. l()-)0 prHenl. l ill 'UC<<Slion TIt~ W,,,,,,I, gf 'lrt Ht. ". . ,lU, Ille di. . tlrQUl landins of Sir R",<r easem<:nt in Tral<e Ray immediately prior to the EllterRisilllll, the drownin, of Willian>, only IOn ofHenry
I, ;11 11:10 when the dnmken ~ <If the Ini. . Ship drove her against. rttf. thedrownin,of! be ElYptianspurouill8Mc. cs,and finl,l1y tile death ofMartin Cunninaham. Robert Adams" ClIplain1
"C-. . II, <l ~ " . s - t - _ s " . . . h o I : n o c . " "0 > " J _ J . " a ' , 'U
, u. . . . .
? that Paddy Dignam', funeral in Ulyou. draws on that ill M. atthew ! " Kane, an official in Dublin c. stle, who died . wimming off Kin8"town on . 1'1 July 1904 and who was the model for Martin Cunningham. Further, at 388. 1C>-12, we find the vicLims of the . wIktn Arm. oda and of the Dduge.
The manifold symptoms ofdecay in Xinclude hiccups, shingl"", . . . . . kk. . . . . , bedsor. . and gangr~. Marcus Lyon. keq>1 halluci- nating a skde. on (397. 2t-2). Mor<: ,triking are the epicene traits recalling m at 364. 1C>-12. )( ar<: 'four dear old heladi. . ' (386. '4-
'S) or 'four (up) beautiful ,ister rni". ,. . ' (39). 11), divorced 'by their d. . . r poor . hehusbands' (390. 20). Matthew il an 'old peri_
grime mauiarch, and a queenly man' (392. '9""20). The femini2ing inHu<:nce e~t. . ru:h to the environment, aff<:<:ting for imtance O'Connell, >>aueTOby and Ca,emem, This also acc<>unt. for changes such as lhat of 'Latimer Roman hiSTOry' at 388. ]2 TO
'Fatima Woman history' at 3&9. 15.
AlthouRh X are fairly dist;"';'. in the t. <mical sra""'" of 11. 4,
. he main body of the ehapter indicates an overlap of role, which i. expcrienccd nowhere eloe in FW. Thul at 39'. 04 John is a Scots- manandat392. '6-11 Mallhewi, on the Aran Islands, rather than the other way round, In )92. 04-IZ 'Mark or Marcus' is in fae' dying in hospital. There is however no distinct do"h point, unl. . "
it be the whit. papcr separating book IT from book Ill.
The Twelve Apostrophes 105
? Chapter 8 [] e
The Structure or Book IV
It i. time to examine the balance of book IV api. . . , boo" II, 10 which reference was made at rhe out. . ,t. I have tried to CQIlvey the nodon of inur>IllJi<y which characterizes book II ; this is matehM in book IV by ""e",a/;'y. Seven essential processes are involved:
(i) the waking and re,urTccti()fl of m (H) 'he sunrise
(iii) the oonllict of niKht and day
(iv) 'he attempt to uren:oin the correct time
(v) the terminal point of lhe <<gress;v. time and the" fiJlure of book HI
(vi) the vkrory of day over nighl (vii) the lener and monoloRue of <II.
ReouTr'CClion and sunrise ore conceptual equivalents and occupy the mtire chapter. The ri? ? ofm i. no more conlin"'" to a particular loe. . ion than i. his rall in book lI. S93. o7-8 . talC. that On nthor da~ he Ius . lr<<dy got up by this time. At 594-09-n he con- templates washing him$<:lf but at 595-3' has ag. in fallen asleep. The buildin&$ . ubmerged beneath Lough Neolh,' wbich al 076. 21- 2 incmporalc<i m', mausoleum, begin at 6'>1. 04-7 10 issue from . Iumber. The hero is aborted 10 ri. . al 601. 31- :1 and a de? d,ivc wakening occurs at 608. 33-5. BrcakfalI being an,idpated from614. 17, m is . t616. ol-~ 'about to SCt up'. In ber monologue
. . hands m hit dOlh. . and tells him to stand up (619. l4-tiW. ol) but a, the <nd of FW be is . ,ill mo,ionl,," in bed.
Pr. . tTIrimtTIt$ of dawn lin1lhe closing paragraphs of III. 1 ond 111. 2, and . 150 50me parts of II1. 4, which end. wilh the exposure
' Gi1aIdw Cambuntis. :no. r"""""p4y<lI,ti-l. tr. 101m]? O"Meo. . (Dundalk. Don<W_ f'r. eM '91') II,;'.
? TheStructuuofBookIV '07
of the sundi,k (590. 25). But the first beam. of direc. ligllt doeo nol app<car until 594. 21-5, wh<:n it 'Irik", Ihe mbleslOne . , SIO"'"
henge, thr"" pages prillr to ",aching Dublin (597. 24-5). The Sun King, with a eloudcappc:d . unbubble on hi. big white houe, i.
al 607. 28-33 vi. ible from Dublin harbour.
The opposition of lighl and darknc. s i$ firs' posited in the
Cllluhi,m of 597. 01-22. beh re$pon. . , acknowledge. the preva? kn~. . , of antithetical pairing. The . ysrole and the diastole, aw. ! k. and u leer: univer. . . . l experience ofunknown cause. II is from ,IIi,
pa. . . . . ge that the apprehen. ion of a recenlly? ended dr""m begin. 10 e=rge. The withdrawal resuhed rrQrn eating forbidden fruit (597. 35-6). Al<<rnatively il i, paradi. . , at which we have arrived: the rou,,:. ; Qf the Nile, ",ed a. a paradigm of the inacce. . ible in, for example, Thorn. . Vaughan'. Lurnat d. Lurn;ne. '
A d ock 'Irikes (598. 27-599. 04) and an advCT,isernen' <efcr"$ u. to the in, mlll (599. 2)-4). Space and time reaffirmed (600. 02-3), a chorus of bdl, proclaim. the bour (601. 21-8). II migb, be: any
'hing ar. er dark (603. 25-6). Familiar noise. in. inu. ate: the arrival or. postman or haker (603. 02-16) who could he a,ked the time. Public bouseo are not yet open for early riser. ' rna. . and the milk- van ha, nol yet come (604. 05-17). Eventually we are to hear the
laundry of 1. 8 being delivered (614-')1-18).
One nf the chimem' of eonfuStd waking is the rev<r. . ,d
alignment Qf m and 6 in 599. 34 Il00. 03. T he eff"", i? ? honlived and . . ,rveo ro introduce the V<si,~ 1',,,;, ('kettle" 'Ud. . . . Pi,cium'), flanked by the immemorialt. . e and stone. After nil! :lIl'. dormancy the elm beg;ns ro llrow (600. 20), or to show greenery,
for we are likewise emerging from wint. r. Tbe butcher'. apron was hung Upoll it at 213. 26 bu. we now ""pectlo find this ot1lhe ,ttme, rOT poloritie; have cros. . ,d ov<rnighl. A, obviously the butcher at ' 72. 05-'0 md thewhtre, ,. the baker at 60]. 04-8. At 6. 7. I2-t 4 we . hall observe that Thom. a. " Heeket and Lawrence O'Toole have also changed their ChaTacter"$ dUTing ihe b! ackQut.
Tbe V~,;", can a, wen ,. . ,present ? pool with carp ? ? a river (600. 05: I do nol unde. . . tand the relevance of SI Polycarp here). F rom the pool we nuoy derive G! endalough ('By that Lake who. . ,
Gloomy Shore') ~"d Lough NtlIgh (600? 36-001. 07), the fonner a.
n. cduoplenoCbookII,? ? MnGlashttno~~! 'QP<:CIivdy epitomiu childhood, Idol. . . . "'oe, II\IIllIrity and senility. " n. c Ian phase is very Itrall",. II isat on. ce the mOIl vitll and the mO,1I e x h a u s l e d p * r t o f F W , Y . ' a n o t h e r " " '? . . . . u u " 1 , , . o,,(>' ' ' '[(n'um . 11 C O I l ' <<flU thetlimactic point in the . . laliomhip of T ri,tln and Isolde, a. ! hey return to Com,. . . U from Ireland, havin& drunk the love poIioQ. BUIilisprcomledentiKJy11. . fantasyorthepUt thtolllh ! be Iplinlnioi coruciou. . . . . 1 of lC. Allhough Mia. . . Lyons ;, caUed
Marcus todill;~lh him from KinS Mark, this is undone apin at 391. 14. x ond m ar. furuhmentaUy ;n the pme boal, I,ed, betrayed, . . ouhi"e.
The prirrlary IocIlion of II. . ;1 probably Trinity O>II. . e. Admittedly ! be other huh univenilies . bo reanorc: (385. 13, 3119-04-6), bUI we recurrently llOIice ! be landmarb immeddtdy infrontofIllemainpI""ofTrinity,the. tatue. on CoU. . eGtetll (origioaUy Hogen Grtc:o)-to wllich Ille memory of )( has IranI' f,,",edO? ConntU'u . . tueonthefar,~ofO'Conn<:IlBridie,Bal? lenby Bnxhera of W""unordand S{rttI, CIef}'I in O'CO~U
Strttl and 10 forth. Trinily CoII. . . , l. particubrly appropN~ 11 a senina to this advmrure. An ancienl Protestant stronghold, il ha, been "",ed for ill weallh of ceccnll"ic, aliellited academia, who . . . . ined theirfunctioru into advanced senescence. X are hi. . . lOry 1tc1U<ers, . . fured 10 vatiow p. . ,,<$UIl! dmominarion, in oonlrullO CI 'Roman c. . lhoJieanns' 0 89? 16). They mmmber m i l e s l o n e s i n s e c t a r d n c o n f l i c t f r o m t h e i r l e c t u r e s 10 0 . T h q . O O
perpetuate 'he m. :mc of 'he latl lupper from II. ), inetlectively l'eptlltina 'PalS the fuh for ChrHl IIh, amen! ' BI,II Ihey can alliin 10 no tlilrir, noc can they reach -i, who h. . . beC1\ dqraded behind their Ipccndeo 10 a holl>OJe! lCily, 'woman tq. . asl! '.
A, lCrell in the le i thq arc espedilly Idble 10 remember various drowned companions and marine eat:utrop! >es. Th. . . . )87. l()-)0 prHenl. l ill 'UC<<Slion TIt~ W,,,,,,I, gf 'lrt Ht. ". . ,lU, Ille di. . tlrQUl landins of Sir R",<r easem<:nt in Tral<e Ray immediately prior to the EllterRisilllll, the drownin, of Willian>, only IOn ofHenry
I, ;11 11:10 when the dnmken ~ <If the Ini. . Ship drove her against. rttf. thedrownin,of! be ElYptianspurouill8Mc. cs,and finl,l1y tile death ofMartin Cunninaham. Robert Adams" ClIplain1
"C-. . II, <l ~ " . s - t - _ s " . . . h o I : n o c . " "0 > " J _ J . " a ' , 'U
, u. . . . .
? that Paddy Dignam', funeral in Ulyou. draws on that ill M. atthew ! " Kane, an official in Dublin c. stle, who died . wimming off Kin8"town on . 1'1 July 1904 and who was the model for Martin Cunningham. Further, at 388. 1C>-12, we find the vicLims of the . wIktn Arm. oda and of the Dduge.
The manifold symptoms ofdecay in Xinclude hiccups, shingl"", . . . . . kk. . . . . , bedsor. . and gangr~. Marcus Lyon. keq>1 halluci- nating a skde. on (397. 2t-2). Mor<: ,triking are the epicene traits recalling m at 364. 1C>-12. )( ar<: 'four dear old heladi. . ' (386. '4-
'S) or 'four (up) beautiful ,ister rni". ,. . ' (39). 11), divorced 'by their d. . . r poor . hehusbands' (390. 20). Matthew il an 'old peri_
grime mauiarch, and a queenly man' (392. '9""20). The femini2ing inHu<:nce e~t. . ru:h to the environment, aff<:<:ting for imtance O'Connell, >>aueTOby and Ca,emem, This also acc<>unt. for changes such as lhat of 'Latimer Roman hiSTOry' at 388. ]2 TO
'Fatima Woman history' at 3&9. 15.
AlthouRh X are fairly dist;"';'. in the t. <mical sra""'" of 11. 4,
. he main body of the ehapter indicates an overlap of role, which i. expcrienccd nowhere eloe in FW. Thul at 39'. 04 John is a Scots- manandat392. '6-11 Mallhewi, on the Aran Islands, rather than the other way round, In )92. 04-IZ 'Mark or Marcus' is in fae' dying in hospital. There is however no distinct do"h point, unl. . "
it be the whit. papcr separating book IT from book Ill.
The Twelve Apostrophes 105
? Chapter 8 [] e
The Structure or Book IV
It i. time to examine the balance of book IV api. . . , boo" II, 10 which reference was made at rhe out. . ,t. I have tried to CQIlvey the nodon of inur>IllJi<y which characterizes book II ; this is matehM in book IV by ""e",a/;'y. Seven essential processes are involved:
(i) the waking and re,urTccti()fl of m (H) 'he sunrise
(iii) the oonllict of niKht and day
(iv) 'he attempt to uren:oin the correct time
(v) the terminal point of lhe <<gress;v. time and the" fiJlure of book HI
(vi) the vkrory of day over nighl (vii) the lener and monoloRue of <II.
ReouTr'CClion and sunrise ore conceptual equivalents and occupy the mtire chapter. The ri? ? ofm i. no more conlin"'" to a particular loe. . ion than i. his rall in book lI. S93. o7-8 . talC. that On nthor da~ he Ius . lr<<dy got up by this time. At 594-09-n he con- templates washing him$<:lf but at 595-3' has ag. in fallen asleep. The buildin&$ . ubmerged beneath Lough Neolh,' wbich al 076. 21- 2 incmporalc<i m', mausoleum, begin at 6'>1. 04-7 10 issue from . Iumber. The hero is aborted 10 ri. . al 601. 31- :1 and a de? d,ivc wakening occurs at 608. 33-5. BrcakfalI being an,idpated from614. 17, m is . t616. ol-~ 'about to SCt up'. In ber monologue
. . hands m hit dOlh. . and tells him to stand up (619. l4-tiW. ol) but a, the <nd of FW be is . ,ill mo,ionl,," in bed.
Pr. . tTIrimtTIt$ of dawn lin1lhe closing paragraphs of III. 1 ond 111. 2, and . 150 50me parts of II1. 4, which end. wilh the exposure
' Gi1aIdw Cambuntis. :no. r"""""p4y<lI,ti-l. tr. 101m]? O"Meo. . (Dundalk. Don<W_ f'r. eM '91') II,;'.
? TheStructuuofBookIV '07
of the sundi,k (590. 25). But the first beam. of direc. ligllt doeo nol app<car until 594. 21-5, wh<:n it 'Irik", Ihe mbleslOne . , SIO"'"
henge, thr"" pages prillr to ",aching Dublin (597. 24-5). The Sun King, with a eloudcappc:d . unbubble on hi. big white houe, i.
al 607. 28-33 vi. ible from Dublin harbour.
The opposition of lighl and darknc. s i$ firs' posited in the
Cllluhi,m of 597. 01-22. beh re$pon. . , acknowledge. the preva? kn~. . , of antithetical pairing. The . ysrole and the diastole, aw. ! k. and u leer: univer. . . . l experience ofunknown cause. II is from ,IIi,
pa. . . . . ge that the apprehen. ion of a recenlly? ended dr""m begin. 10 e=rge. The withdrawal resuhed rrQrn eating forbidden fruit (597. 35-6). Al<<rnatively il i, paradi. . , at which we have arrived: the rou,,:. ; Qf the Nile, ",ed a. a paradigm of the inacce. . ible in, for example, Thorn. . Vaughan'. Lurnat d. Lurn;ne. '
A d ock 'Irikes (598. 27-599. 04) and an advCT,isernen' <efcr"$ u. to the in, mlll (599. 2)-4). Space and time reaffirmed (600. 02-3), a chorus of bdl, proclaim. the bour (601. 21-8). II migb, be: any
'hing ar. er dark (603. 25-6). Familiar noise. in. inu. ate: the arrival or. postman or haker (603. 02-16) who could he a,ked the time. Public bouseo are not yet open for early riser. ' rna. . and the milk- van ha, nol yet come (604. 05-17). Eventually we are to hear the
laundry of 1. 8 being delivered (614-')1-18).
One nf the chimem' of eonfuStd waking is the rev<r. . ,d
alignment Qf m and 6 in 599. 34 Il00. 03. T he eff"", i? ? honlived and . . ,rveo ro introduce the V<si,~ 1',,,;, ('kettle" 'Ud. . . . Pi,cium'), flanked by the immemorialt. . e and stone. After nil! :lIl'. dormancy the elm beg;ns ro llrow (600. 20), or to show greenery,
for we are likewise emerging from wint. r. Tbe butcher'. apron was hung Upoll it at 213. 26 bu. we now ""pectlo find this ot1lhe ,ttme, rOT poloritie; have cros. . ,d ov<rnighl. A, obviously the butcher at ' 72. 05-'0 md thewhtre, ,. the baker at 60]. 04-8. At 6. 7. I2-t 4 we . hall observe that Thom. a. " Heeket and Lawrence O'Toole have also changed their ChaTacter"$ dUTing ihe b! ackQut.
Tbe V~,;", can a, wen ,. . ,present ? pool with carp ? ? a river (600. 05: I do nol unde. . . tand the relevance of SI Polycarp here). F rom the pool we nuoy derive G! endalough ('By that Lake who. . ,
Gloomy Shore') ~"d Lough NtlIgh (600? 36-001. 07), the fonner a.
