"
The two Britons are Jeffreys and Williams, who were both natives of
Wales.
The two Britons are Jeffreys and Williams, who were both natives of
Wales.
Macaulay
1688.
]
[Footnote 345: Ibid. Feb. 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 346: Johnstone, Feb. 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 347: Citters, March 20/30 1688. ]
[Footnote 348: Ibid. May 1/11 1688. ]
[Footnote 349: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688. ]
[Footnote 350: Ibid. May 1/11 1688. ]
[Footnote 351: Ibid. May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 352: Ibid. April 6 1688; Treasury Letter Book, March 14. 1687;
Ronquillo, April 16/26. ]
[Footnote 353: Citters, May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 354: Citters, May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 355: London Gazette, Dec. 15. 1687. See the proceedings
against Williams in the Collection of State Trials. "Ha hecho," says
Ronquillo, "grande susto el haber nombrado el abogado Williams, que
fue el orador y el mas arrabiado de toda la casa de los comunes en los
ultimos terribles parlamentos del Rey difunto. " Nov 27/Dec 7 1687. ]
[Footnote 356: London Gazette, April 30. 1688; Barillon, April 26/May 6]
[Footnote 357: Citters, May 1/11. 1688. ]
[Footnote 358: London Gazette, May 7. 1688. ]
[Footnote 359: Johnstone May 27. 1688. ]
[Footnote 360: That very remarkable man, the late Alexander Knox, whose
eloquent conversation and elaborate letters had a great influence on the
minds of his contemporaries, learned, I suspect, much of his theological
system from Fowler's writings. Fowler's book on the Design of
Christianity was assailed by John Bunyan with a ferocity which nothing
can justify, but which the birth and breeding of the honest tinker in
some degree excuse. ]
[Footnote 361: Johnstone, May 23. 1688. There is a satirical poem on
this meeting entitled the Clerical Cabal. ]
[Footnote 362: Clarendon's Diary, May 22. 1688. ]
[Footnote 363: Extracts from Tanner MS. in Howell's State Trials; Life
of Prideaux; Clarendon's Diary, May 16. 1688. ]
[Footnote 364: Clarendon's Diary, May 16 and 17. 1688. ]
[Footnote 365: Sancroft's Narrative printed from the Tanner MS. ;
Citters, May 22/June 1 1688. ]
[Footnote 366: Burnet, i. 741; Revolution Politics; Higgins's Short
View. ]
[Footnote 367: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 155. ]
[Footnote 368: Citters, May 22/June 1688. Burnet, i. 740. ; and Lord
Dartmouth's note; Southey's Life of Wesley. ]
[Footnote 369: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688]
[Footnote 370: Ibid. May 29/June 8 1688. ]
[Footnote 371: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 372: Barillon, May 24/June 3 May 31/June 10 1688; Citters,
July, 1/11 Adda, May 25/June 4, May 30/June 9, June 1/11 Clarke s Life
of James the Second, ii. 158. ]
[Footnote 373: Burnet, i. 740. ; Life of Prideaux; Citters, June 12/22
15/25 1688. Tanner MS. ; Life and Correspondence of Pepys. ]
[Footnote 374: Sancroft's Narrative, printed from the Tanner MS. ]
[Footnote 375: Burnet, i. 741. ; Citters, June 8/18 12/22. 1688;
Luttrell's Diary, June 8. ; Evelyn's Diary; Letter of Dr. Nalson to
his wife, dated June 14. , and printed from the Tanner MS. ; Reresby's
Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 376: Reresby's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 377: Correspondence between Anne and Mary, in Dalrymple;
Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688. ]
[Footnote 378: This is clear from Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688. ]
[Footnote 379: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 159, 160. ]
[Footnote 380: Clarendon's Diary, June 10. 1688. ]
[Footnote 381: Johnstone gives in a very few words an excellent summary
of the case against the King. "The generality of people conclude all is
a trick; because they say the reckoning is changed, the Princess sent
away, none of the Clarendon family nor the Dutch Ambassador sent for,
the suddenness of the thing, the sermons, the confidence of the priests,
the hurry. " June 13. 1688. ]
[Footnote 382: Ronquillo, July 26/Aug 5. Ronquillo adds, that what
Zulestein said of the state of public opinion was strictly true. ]
[Footnote 383: Citters, June 12/22 1688; Luttrell's Diary, June 18. ]
[Footnote 384: For the events of this day see the State Trials;
Clarendon's Diary Luttrell's Diary; Citters. June 15/25 Johnstone, June
18; Revolution Politics. ]
[Footnote 385: Johnstone, June 18. 1688; Evelyn's Diary, June 29. ]
[Footnote 386: Tanner MS. ]
[Footnote 387: This fact was communicated to me in the most obliging
manner by the Reverend R. S. Hawker of Morwenstow in Cornwall. ]
[Footnote 388: Johnstone, June 18. 1688. ]
[Footnote 389: Adda, June 29/July 9 1688]
[Footnote 390: Sunderland's own narrative is, of course, not to be
implicitly trusted, but he vouched Godolphin as a witness of what took
place respecting the Irish Act of Settlement. ]
[Footnote 391: Barillon June 21/June 28 June 28/July 8 1688; Adda, June
29/July 9 Citters June 26/July 6; Johnstone, July 2. 1688; The Converts,
a poem. ]
[Footnote 392: Clarendon's Diary, June 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 393: Citters, June 26/ July 6. 1688. ]
[Footnote 394: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. ]
[Footnote 395: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 396: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. The editor of Levinz's reports
expresses great wonder that, after the Revolution, Levinz was not
replaced on the bench. The facts related by Johnstone may perhaps
explain the seeming injustice. ]
[Footnote 397: I draw this inference from a letter of Compton to
Sancroft, dated the 12th of June. ]
[Footnote 398: Revolution Politics. ]
[Footnote 399: This is the expression of an eye witness. It is in a
newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection. ]
[Footnote 400: See the proceedings in the Collection of State Trials. I
have taken some touches from Johnstone, and some from Van Citters. ]
[Footnote 401: Johnstone, July 2. 1688; Letter from Mr. Ince to the
Archbishop, dated at six o'clock in the morning; Tanner MS. ; Revolution
Politics. ]
[Footnote 402: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. ]
[Footnote 403: State Trials; Oldmixon, 739. ; Clarendon's Diary, June 25,
1688; Johnstone, July 2. ; Citters, July 3/13 Adda, July 6/16; Luttrell's
Diary; Barillon, July 2/12]
[Footnote 404: Citters, July 3/13 The gravity with which he tells the
story has a comic effect. "Den Bisschop van Chester, wie seer de partie
van het hof houdt, om te voldoen aan syne gewoone nieusgierigheyt,
hem op dien tyt in Westminster Hall mede hebbende laten vinden, in het
uytgaan doorgaans was uytgekreten voor een grypende wolf in schaaps
kleederen; en by synde een beer van hooge stature en vollyvig,
spotsgewyse alomme geroepen was dat men voor hem plaats moeste maken, om
te laten passen, gelyck ook geschiede, om dat soo sy uytschreeuwden en
hem in het aansigt seyden, by den Paus in syn buyck hadde. "]
[Footnote 405: Luttrell; Citters, July 3/13. 1688. "Soo syn in
tegendeel gedagte jurys met de uyterste acclamatie en alle teyckenen
van genegenheyt en danckbaarheyt in het door passeren van de gemeente
ontvangen. Honderden vielen haar om den hals met alle bedenckelycke
wewensch van segen en geluck over hare persoonen en familien, om dat
sy haar so heusch en eerlyck buyten verwagtinge als het ware in desen
gedragen hadden. Veele van de grooten en kleynen adel wierpen in het
wegryden handen vol gelt onder tie armen luyden, om op de gesontheyt van
den Coning, der Heeren Prelaten, en de Jurys te drincken. "]
[Footnote 406: "Mi trovava con Milord Sunderland la stessa mattina,
quando venne l'Avvocato Generale a rendergli conto del successo, e
disse, che mai piu a memoria d'huomini si era sentito un applauso,
mescolato di voci e lagrime di giubilo, egual a quello che veniva egli
di vedere in quest' occasione. " Adda, July 6/16. 1688. ]
[Footnote 407: Burnet, i. 744. ; Citters, July 3/13 1688. ]
[Footnote 408: See a very curious narrative published among other
papers, in 1710, by Danby, then Duke of Leeds. There is an amusing
account of the ceremony of burning a Pope in North's Examen, 570. See
also the note on the Epilogue to the Tragedy of Oedipus in Scott's
edition of Dryden. ]
[Footnote 409: Reresby's Memoirs; Citters, 3/13 July 17. 1688; Adda
6/16 July; Barillon, July 2/12 Luttrell's Diary; Newsletter of July 4. ;
Oldmixon, 739. ; Ellis Correspondence. ]
[Footnote 410: The Fur Praedestinatus. ]
[Footnote 411: This document will be found in the first of the twelve
collections of papers relating to the affairs of England, printed at the
end of 1688 and the beginning of 1689. It was put forth on the 26th of
July, not quite a month after the trial. Lloyd of Saint Asaph about
the same time told Henry Wharton that the Bishops purposed to adopt
an entirely new policy towards the Protestant Dissenters; "Omni modo
curaturos ut ecelesia sordibus et corruptelis penitus exueretur; ut
sectariis reformatis reditus in ecclesiae sinum exoptati occasio ac
ratio concederetur, si qui sobrii et pii essent; ut pertinacibus interim
jugum le aretur, extinctis penitus legibus mulciatoriis. "--Excerpta ex
Vita H. Wharton. ]
[Footnote 412: This change in the opinion of a section of the Tory party
is well illustrated by a little tract published at the beginning of
1689, and entitled "A Dialogue between Two Friends, wherein the Church
of England is vindicated in joining with the Prince of Orange. "]
[Footnote 413: "Aut nunc, aut nunquam. "--Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar,
book lx. ]
[Footnote 414: Burnet, i. 763. ]
[Footnote 415: Sidney's Diary and Correspondence, edited by Mr.
Blencowe; Mackay's Memoirs with Swift's note; Burnet, i. 763. ]
[Footnote 416: Burnet, i. 764. ; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18. 1688, in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 417: Burnet, i. 764. ; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18 1688. ]
[Footnote 418: As to Montaigne, see Halifax's Letter to Cotton. I am not
sure that the head of Halifax in Westminster Abbey does not give a more
lively notion of him than any painting or engraving that I have seen. ]
[Footnote 419: See Danby's Introduction to the papers which he published
in 1710; Burnet, i. 764. ]
[Footnote 420: Burnet, i. 764. ; Sidney to the Prince of Orange, June 30.
1688, in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 421: Burnet, i. 763. ; Lumley to William, May 31. 1688, in
Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 422: See the invitation at length in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 423: Sidney's Letter to William, June 30. 1688; Avaux Neg. ,
July 10/20 12/22]
[Footnote 424: Bonrepaux, July 18/28 1687. ]
[Footnote 425: Birch's Extracts, in the British Museum. ]
[Footnote 426: Avaux Neg. , Oct 29/Nov 9 1683]
[Footnote 427: As to the relation in which the Stadtholder and the city
of Amsterdam stood towards each other, see Avaux, passim. ]
[Footnote 428: Adda, July 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 429: Reresby's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 430: Barillon, July 2/12 1688. ]
[Footnote 431: London Gazette of July 16. 1688. The order bears date
July 12. ]
[Footnote 432: Barillon's own phrase, July 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 433: In one of the numerous ballads of that time are the
following lines:
"Both our Britons are fooled,
Who the laws overruled,
And next parliament each will he plaguily schooled.
"
The two Britons are Jeffreys and Williams, who were both natives of
Wales. ]
[Footnote 434: London Gazette, July 9. 1688. ]
[Footnote 435: Ellis Correspondence, July 10. 1688; Clarendon's Diary,
Aug. 3. 1688. ]
[Footnote 436: London Gazette, July 9. 1688; Adda, July 13/23 Evelyn's
Diary, July 12. Johnstone, Dec. 8/18 1687, Feb. 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 437: Sprat's Letters to the Earl of Dorset; London Gazette,
Aug. 23. 1688. ]
[Footnote 438: London Gazette, July 26. 1688; Adda, July 27/Aug 6. ;
Newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection, July 25. Ellis Correspondence,
July 28. 31; Wood's Fasti Oxonienses. ]
[Footnote 439: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 23.
1688. ]
[Footnote 440: Ronquillo, Sept. 17/27 1688; Luttrell's Diary, Sept. 6. ]
[Footnote 441: Ellis Correspondence, August 4. 7. 1688; Bishop Sprat's
relation of the Conference of Nov. 6. 1688. ]
[Footnote 442: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 8. 1688. ]
[Footnote 443: This is told us by three writers who could well remember
that time, Kennet, Eachard, and Oldmixon. See also the Caveat against
the Whigs. ]
[Footnote 444: Barillon, Aug 24/Sept 1 1688; Sept. 3/13 6/16 8/18]
[Footnote 445: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 27. 1688. ]
[Footnote 446: King's State of the Protestants of Ireland; Secret
Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland. ]
[Footnote 447: Secret Consults of he Romish Party in Ireland. ]
[Footnote 448: History of the Desertion, 1689; compare the first and
second editions; Barillon, Sept. 8/18 1688; Citters of the same date;
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 168. The compiler of the last
mentioned work says that Churchill moved the court to sentence the six
officers to death. This story does not appear to have been taken from
the King's papers; I therefore regard it as one of the thousand fictions
invented at Saint Germains for the purpose of blackening a character
which was black enough without such daubing. That Churchill may have
affected great indignation on this occasion, in order to hide the
treason which he meditated, is highly probable. But it is impossible
to believe that a man of his sense would have urged the members of a
council of war to inflict a punishment which was notoriously beyond
their competence. ]
[Footnote 449: The song of Lillibullero is among the State Poems, to
Percy's Relics the first part will be found, but not the second part,
which was added after William's landing. In the Examiner and in several
pamphlets of 1712 Wharton is mentioned as the author. ]
[Footnote 450: See the Negotiations of the Count of Avaux. It would be
almost impossible for me to cite all the passages which have furnished
me with materials for this part of my narrative. The most important will
be found under the following dates: 1685, Sept. 20, Sept. 24, Oct. 5,
Dec. 20; 1686, Jan. 3, Nov. 22; 1687, Oct. 2, Nov. 6, Nov. 19 1688, July
29, Aug. 20. Lord Lonsdale, in his Memoirs, justly remarks that, but for
the mismanagement of Lewis, the city of Amsterdam would have prevented
the Revolution. ]
[Footnote 451: Professor Von Ranke, Die Romischen Papste, book viii. ;
Burnet, i. 759. ]
[Footnote 452: Burnet, i. 758. ; Lewis paper bears date Aug 27/Sept 6
1688. It will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol. iv. no. 219. ]
[Footnote 453: For the consummate dexterity with which he exhibited two
different views of his policy to two different parties he was afterwards
bitterly reviled by the Court of Saint Germains. "Licet Foederatis
publicus ille preado haud aliud aperte proponat nisi ut Galici imperii
exuberans amputetur potesias, veruntamen sibi et suis ex haeretica faece
complicibus, ut pro comperto habemus, longe aliud promittit, nempe ut,
exciso vel enervato Francorum regno, ubi Catholicarum partium summum
jam robur situm est, haeretica ipsorum pravitas per orbem Christisnum
universum praevaleat. "--Letter of James to the Pope; evidently written
in 1689. ]
[Footnote 454: Avaux Neg. , Aug. 2/12 10/20 11/21 14/24 16/26 17/27 Aug
23/Sept 2 1688. ]
[Footnote 455: Ibid. , Sept. 4/14 1688. ]
[Footnote 456: Burnet, i. 765. ; Churchill's letter bears date Aug. 4.
1688. ]
[Footnote 457: William to Bentinck, Aug. 17/27 1688. ]
[Footnote 458: Memoirs of the Duke of Shrewsbury, 1718. ]
[Footnote 459: London Gazette, April 25. 28. 1687. ]
[Footnote 460: Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland. This
account is strongly confirmed by what Bonrepaux wrote to Seignelay,
Sept. 12/22 1687. "Il (Sunderland) amassera beaucoup d'argent, le roi
son maitre lui donnant la plus grande partie de celui qui provient des
confiscations on des accommodemens que ceux qui ont encouru des peines
font pour obtenir leur grace. "]
[Footnote 461: Adda says that Sunderland's terror was visible. Oct
26/Nov 5 1688. ]
[Footnote 462: Compare Evelyn's account of her with what the Princess of
Denmark wrote about her to the Hague, and with her own letters to Henry
Sidney. ]
[Footnote 463: Bonrepaux to Seignelay, July 11/21 1688. ]
[Footnote 464: See her letters in the Sidney Diary and Correspondence
lately published. Mr. Fox, in his copy of Barillon's despatches, marked
the 30th of August N. S. 1688, as the date from which it was quite
certain that Sunderland was playing false. ]
[Footnote 465: Aug 19/29 1688]
[Footnote 466: Sept 4/14 1688]
[Footnote 467: Avaux, July 19/29 July 31/Aug 10 Aug. [11]/21 1688; Lewis
to Barillon, Aug. 2/12, 16/26. ]
[Footnote 468: Barillon, Aug. 20/30 Aug 23/Sept 2 1688 Adda, Aug 24/Sept
3; Clarke's Life of James, ii. 177. Orig. Mem. ]
[Footnote 469: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 3/13 8/18 11/21 1688. ]
[Footnote 470: Avaux, Aug 23/Sept 2, Aug 30/Sept 9 1688. ]
[Footnote 471: "Che l'adulazione e la vanita gli avevano tornato il
capo"--Adda, Aug 31/Sept 10 1688. ]
[Footnote 472: Citters, Sept. 11/21 1688 Avaux, Sept. 17/27 Sept 27/Oct
7 Oct. 3 Wagenaar, book lx. ; Sunderland's Apology. It has been often
asserted that James declined the help of a French army. The truth is
that no such army was offered. Indeed, the French troops would have
served James much more effectually by menacing the frontiers of Holland
than by crossing the Channel. ]
[Footnote 473: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 20/30 1688. ]
[Footnote 474: Avaux, Sept 27/Oct 7 27. Oct. 4/14 1688. ]
[Footnote 475: Madame de Sevigne, Oct 24/Nov 3 1688. ]
[Footnote 476: Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar; Lord Lonsdale's Memoirs;
Avaux, Oct. 4/14 5/15 1688. The formal declaration of the States
General, dated Oct. 18/28 will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol.
iv. no. 225. ]
[Footnote 477: Abrege de la Vie de Frederic Duc de Schomberg, 1690;
Sidney to William, June 30. 1688; Burnet, i. 677. ]
[Footnote 478: Burnet, i. 584. ; Mackay's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 479: Burnet, i. 775. 780. ]
[Footnote 480: Eachard's History of the Revolution, ii. 2. ]
[Footnote 481: Pepys's Memoirs relating to the Royal Navy, 1690.
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186 Orig. Mem. ; Adda, Sept 21/Oct
1 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 482: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186. Orig. Mem. ;
Adda, Sept 14/Oct 2 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 483: Adda, Sept 28/Oct. 8. 1688. This despatch describes
strongly James's dread of an universal defection of his subjects. ]
[Footnote 484: All the scanty light which we have respecting this
negotiation is derived from Reresby. His informant was a lady whom he
does not name, and who certainly was not to be implicitly trusted. ]
[Footnote 485: London Gazette, Sept. 24. 27. , Oct. 1. , 1688. ]
[Footnote 486: Tanner MSS. ; Burnet, i. 784. Burnet has, I think,
confounded this audience with an audience which took place a few weeks
later. ]
[Footnote 487: London Gazette, Oct. 8. 1688. ]
[Footnote 488: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 489: Ibid. Oct. 15. 1688; Adda, Oct. 12/22 The Nuncio,
though generally an enemy to violent courses, seems to have opposed the
restoration of Hough, probably from regard for the interests of Giffard
and the other Roman Catholics who were quartered in Magdalene College.
Leyburn declared himself "nel sentimento che fosse stato non spoglio,
e che il possesso in cui si trovano ora li Cattolici fosse violento ed
illegale, onde non era privar questi di no dritto acquisto, ma rendere
agli altri quello che era stato levato con violenza. "]
[Footnote 490: London Gazette, Oct. 18. 1688. ]
[Footnote 491: "Vento Papista. " says Adda Oct 24/Nov 3 1688. The
expression Protestant wind seems to have been first applied to the wind
which kept Tyrconnel, during some time, from taking possession of the
government of Ireland. See the first part of Lillibullero. ]
[Footnote 492: All the evidence on this point is collected in Howell's
edition of the State Trials. ]
[Footnote 493: It will be found with much illustrative matter in
Howell's edition of the State Trials. ]
[Footnote 494: Barillon, Oct. 8/18 16/26 18/28 Oct 25/Nov 4 Oct.
[27]/Nov 6 Oct 29/Nov 8 1688; Adda, Oct 26/Nov 5]
[Footnote 495: London Gazette, Oct. 29. 1688.
[Footnote 345: Ibid. Feb. 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 346: Johnstone, Feb. 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 347: Citters, March 20/30 1688. ]
[Footnote 348: Ibid. May 1/11 1688. ]
[Footnote 349: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688. ]
[Footnote 350: Ibid. May 1/11 1688. ]
[Footnote 351: Ibid. May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 352: Ibid. April 6 1688; Treasury Letter Book, March 14. 1687;
Ronquillo, April 16/26. ]
[Footnote 353: Citters, May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 354: Citters, May 18/28 1688. ]
[Footnote 355: London Gazette, Dec. 15. 1687. See the proceedings
against Williams in the Collection of State Trials. "Ha hecho," says
Ronquillo, "grande susto el haber nombrado el abogado Williams, que
fue el orador y el mas arrabiado de toda la casa de los comunes en los
ultimos terribles parlamentos del Rey difunto. " Nov 27/Dec 7 1687. ]
[Footnote 356: London Gazette, April 30. 1688; Barillon, April 26/May 6]
[Footnote 357: Citters, May 1/11. 1688. ]
[Footnote 358: London Gazette, May 7. 1688. ]
[Footnote 359: Johnstone May 27. 1688. ]
[Footnote 360: That very remarkable man, the late Alexander Knox, whose
eloquent conversation and elaborate letters had a great influence on the
minds of his contemporaries, learned, I suspect, much of his theological
system from Fowler's writings. Fowler's book on the Design of
Christianity was assailed by John Bunyan with a ferocity which nothing
can justify, but which the birth and breeding of the honest tinker in
some degree excuse. ]
[Footnote 361: Johnstone, May 23. 1688. There is a satirical poem on
this meeting entitled the Clerical Cabal. ]
[Footnote 362: Clarendon's Diary, May 22. 1688. ]
[Footnote 363: Extracts from Tanner MS. in Howell's State Trials; Life
of Prideaux; Clarendon's Diary, May 16. 1688. ]
[Footnote 364: Clarendon's Diary, May 16 and 17. 1688. ]
[Footnote 365: Sancroft's Narrative printed from the Tanner MS. ;
Citters, May 22/June 1 1688. ]
[Footnote 366: Burnet, i. 741; Revolution Politics; Higgins's Short
View. ]
[Footnote 367: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 155. ]
[Footnote 368: Citters, May 22/June 1688. Burnet, i. 740. ; and Lord
Dartmouth's note; Southey's Life of Wesley. ]
[Footnote 369: Citters, May 22/June 1 1688]
[Footnote 370: Ibid. May 29/June 8 1688. ]
[Footnote 371: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 372: Barillon, May 24/June 3 May 31/June 10 1688; Citters,
July, 1/11 Adda, May 25/June 4, May 30/June 9, June 1/11 Clarke s Life
of James the Second, ii. 158. ]
[Footnote 373: Burnet, i. 740. ; Life of Prideaux; Citters, June 12/22
15/25 1688. Tanner MS. ; Life and Correspondence of Pepys. ]
[Footnote 374: Sancroft's Narrative, printed from the Tanner MS. ]
[Footnote 375: Burnet, i. 741. ; Citters, June 8/18 12/22. 1688;
Luttrell's Diary, June 8. ; Evelyn's Diary; Letter of Dr. Nalson to
his wife, dated June 14. , and printed from the Tanner MS. ; Reresby's
Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 376: Reresby's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 377: Correspondence between Anne and Mary, in Dalrymple;
Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688. ]
[Footnote 378: This is clear from Clarendon's Diary, Oct. 31. 1688. ]
[Footnote 379: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 159, 160. ]
[Footnote 380: Clarendon's Diary, June 10. 1688. ]
[Footnote 381: Johnstone gives in a very few words an excellent summary
of the case against the King. "The generality of people conclude all is
a trick; because they say the reckoning is changed, the Princess sent
away, none of the Clarendon family nor the Dutch Ambassador sent for,
the suddenness of the thing, the sermons, the confidence of the priests,
the hurry. " June 13. 1688. ]
[Footnote 382: Ronquillo, July 26/Aug 5. Ronquillo adds, that what
Zulestein said of the state of public opinion was strictly true. ]
[Footnote 383: Citters, June 12/22 1688; Luttrell's Diary, June 18. ]
[Footnote 384: For the events of this day see the State Trials;
Clarendon's Diary Luttrell's Diary; Citters. June 15/25 Johnstone, June
18; Revolution Politics. ]
[Footnote 385: Johnstone, June 18. 1688; Evelyn's Diary, June 29. ]
[Footnote 386: Tanner MS. ]
[Footnote 387: This fact was communicated to me in the most obliging
manner by the Reverend R. S. Hawker of Morwenstow in Cornwall. ]
[Footnote 388: Johnstone, June 18. 1688. ]
[Footnote 389: Adda, June 29/July 9 1688]
[Footnote 390: Sunderland's own narrative is, of course, not to be
implicitly trusted, but he vouched Godolphin as a witness of what took
place respecting the Irish Act of Settlement. ]
[Footnote 391: Barillon June 21/June 28 June 28/July 8 1688; Adda, June
29/July 9 Citters June 26/July 6; Johnstone, July 2. 1688; The Converts,
a poem. ]
[Footnote 392: Clarendon's Diary, June 21. 1688. ]
[Footnote 393: Citters, June 26/ July 6. 1688. ]
[Footnote 394: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. ]
[Footnote 395: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 396: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. The editor of Levinz's reports
expresses great wonder that, after the Revolution, Levinz was not
replaced on the bench. The facts related by Johnstone may perhaps
explain the seeming injustice. ]
[Footnote 397: I draw this inference from a letter of Compton to
Sancroft, dated the 12th of June. ]
[Footnote 398: Revolution Politics. ]
[Footnote 399: This is the expression of an eye witness. It is in a
newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection. ]
[Footnote 400: See the proceedings in the Collection of State Trials. I
have taken some touches from Johnstone, and some from Van Citters. ]
[Footnote 401: Johnstone, July 2. 1688; Letter from Mr. Ince to the
Archbishop, dated at six o'clock in the morning; Tanner MS. ; Revolution
Politics. ]
[Footnote 402: Johnstone, July 2. 1688. ]
[Footnote 403: State Trials; Oldmixon, 739. ; Clarendon's Diary, June 25,
1688; Johnstone, July 2. ; Citters, July 3/13 Adda, July 6/16; Luttrell's
Diary; Barillon, July 2/12]
[Footnote 404: Citters, July 3/13 The gravity with which he tells the
story has a comic effect. "Den Bisschop van Chester, wie seer de partie
van het hof houdt, om te voldoen aan syne gewoone nieusgierigheyt,
hem op dien tyt in Westminster Hall mede hebbende laten vinden, in het
uytgaan doorgaans was uytgekreten voor een grypende wolf in schaaps
kleederen; en by synde een beer van hooge stature en vollyvig,
spotsgewyse alomme geroepen was dat men voor hem plaats moeste maken, om
te laten passen, gelyck ook geschiede, om dat soo sy uytschreeuwden en
hem in het aansigt seyden, by den Paus in syn buyck hadde. "]
[Footnote 405: Luttrell; Citters, July 3/13. 1688. "Soo syn in
tegendeel gedagte jurys met de uyterste acclamatie en alle teyckenen
van genegenheyt en danckbaarheyt in het door passeren van de gemeente
ontvangen. Honderden vielen haar om den hals met alle bedenckelycke
wewensch van segen en geluck over hare persoonen en familien, om dat
sy haar so heusch en eerlyck buyten verwagtinge als het ware in desen
gedragen hadden. Veele van de grooten en kleynen adel wierpen in het
wegryden handen vol gelt onder tie armen luyden, om op de gesontheyt van
den Coning, der Heeren Prelaten, en de Jurys te drincken. "]
[Footnote 406: "Mi trovava con Milord Sunderland la stessa mattina,
quando venne l'Avvocato Generale a rendergli conto del successo, e
disse, che mai piu a memoria d'huomini si era sentito un applauso,
mescolato di voci e lagrime di giubilo, egual a quello che veniva egli
di vedere in quest' occasione. " Adda, July 6/16. 1688. ]
[Footnote 407: Burnet, i. 744. ; Citters, July 3/13 1688. ]
[Footnote 408: See a very curious narrative published among other
papers, in 1710, by Danby, then Duke of Leeds. There is an amusing
account of the ceremony of burning a Pope in North's Examen, 570. See
also the note on the Epilogue to the Tragedy of Oedipus in Scott's
edition of Dryden. ]
[Footnote 409: Reresby's Memoirs; Citters, 3/13 July 17. 1688; Adda
6/16 July; Barillon, July 2/12 Luttrell's Diary; Newsletter of July 4. ;
Oldmixon, 739. ; Ellis Correspondence. ]
[Footnote 410: The Fur Praedestinatus. ]
[Footnote 411: This document will be found in the first of the twelve
collections of papers relating to the affairs of England, printed at the
end of 1688 and the beginning of 1689. It was put forth on the 26th of
July, not quite a month after the trial. Lloyd of Saint Asaph about
the same time told Henry Wharton that the Bishops purposed to adopt
an entirely new policy towards the Protestant Dissenters; "Omni modo
curaturos ut ecelesia sordibus et corruptelis penitus exueretur; ut
sectariis reformatis reditus in ecclesiae sinum exoptati occasio ac
ratio concederetur, si qui sobrii et pii essent; ut pertinacibus interim
jugum le aretur, extinctis penitus legibus mulciatoriis. "--Excerpta ex
Vita H. Wharton. ]
[Footnote 412: This change in the opinion of a section of the Tory party
is well illustrated by a little tract published at the beginning of
1689, and entitled "A Dialogue between Two Friends, wherein the Church
of England is vindicated in joining with the Prince of Orange. "]
[Footnote 413: "Aut nunc, aut nunquam. "--Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar,
book lx. ]
[Footnote 414: Burnet, i. 763. ]
[Footnote 415: Sidney's Diary and Correspondence, edited by Mr.
Blencowe; Mackay's Memoirs with Swift's note; Burnet, i. 763. ]
[Footnote 416: Burnet, i. 764. ; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18. 1688, in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 417: Burnet, i. 764. ; Letter in cipher to William, dated June
18 1688. ]
[Footnote 418: As to Montaigne, see Halifax's Letter to Cotton. I am not
sure that the head of Halifax in Westminster Abbey does not give a more
lively notion of him than any painting or engraving that I have seen. ]
[Footnote 419: See Danby's Introduction to the papers which he published
in 1710; Burnet, i. 764. ]
[Footnote 420: Burnet, i. 764. ; Sidney to the Prince of Orange, June 30.
1688, in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 421: Burnet, i. 763. ; Lumley to William, May 31. 1688, in
Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 422: See the invitation at length in Dalrymple. ]
[Footnote 423: Sidney's Letter to William, June 30. 1688; Avaux Neg. ,
July 10/20 12/22]
[Footnote 424: Bonrepaux, July 18/28 1687. ]
[Footnote 425: Birch's Extracts, in the British Museum. ]
[Footnote 426: Avaux Neg. , Oct 29/Nov 9 1683]
[Footnote 427: As to the relation in which the Stadtholder and the city
of Amsterdam stood towards each other, see Avaux, passim. ]
[Footnote 428: Adda, July 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 429: Reresby's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 430: Barillon, July 2/12 1688. ]
[Footnote 431: London Gazette of July 16. 1688. The order bears date
July 12. ]
[Footnote 432: Barillon's own phrase, July 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 433: In one of the numerous ballads of that time are the
following lines:
"Both our Britons are fooled,
Who the laws overruled,
And next parliament each will he plaguily schooled.
"
The two Britons are Jeffreys and Williams, who were both natives of
Wales. ]
[Footnote 434: London Gazette, July 9. 1688. ]
[Footnote 435: Ellis Correspondence, July 10. 1688; Clarendon's Diary,
Aug. 3. 1688. ]
[Footnote 436: London Gazette, July 9. 1688; Adda, July 13/23 Evelyn's
Diary, July 12. Johnstone, Dec. 8/18 1687, Feb. 6/16 1688. ]
[Footnote 437: Sprat's Letters to the Earl of Dorset; London Gazette,
Aug. 23. 1688. ]
[Footnote 438: London Gazette, July 26. 1688; Adda, July 27/Aug 6. ;
Newsletter in the Mackintosh Collection, July 25. Ellis Correspondence,
July 28. 31; Wood's Fasti Oxonienses. ]
[Footnote 439: Wood's Athenae Oxonienses; Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 23.
1688. ]
[Footnote 440: Ronquillo, Sept. 17/27 1688; Luttrell's Diary, Sept. 6. ]
[Footnote 441: Ellis Correspondence, August 4. 7. 1688; Bishop Sprat's
relation of the Conference of Nov. 6. 1688. ]
[Footnote 442: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 8. 1688. ]
[Footnote 443: This is told us by three writers who could well remember
that time, Kennet, Eachard, and Oldmixon. See also the Caveat against
the Whigs. ]
[Footnote 444: Barillon, Aug 24/Sept 1 1688; Sept. 3/13 6/16 8/18]
[Footnote 445: Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 27. 1688. ]
[Footnote 446: King's State of the Protestants of Ireland; Secret
Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland. ]
[Footnote 447: Secret Consults of he Romish Party in Ireland. ]
[Footnote 448: History of the Desertion, 1689; compare the first and
second editions; Barillon, Sept. 8/18 1688; Citters of the same date;
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 168. The compiler of the last
mentioned work says that Churchill moved the court to sentence the six
officers to death. This story does not appear to have been taken from
the King's papers; I therefore regard it as one of the thousand fictions
invented at Saint Germains for the purpose of blackening a character
which was black enough without such daubing. That Churchill may have
affected great indignation on this occasion, in order to hide the
treason which he meditated, is highly probable. But it is impossible
to believe that a man of his sense would have urged the members of a
council of war to inflict a punishment which was notoriously beyond
their competence. ]
[Footnote 449: The song of Lillibullero is among the State Poems, to
Percy's Relics the first part will be found, but not the second part,
which was added after William's landing. In the Examiner and in several
pamphlets of 1712 Wharton is mentioned as the author. ]
[Footnote 450: See the Negotiations of the Count of Avaux. It would be
almost impossible for me to cite all the passages which have furnished
me with materials for this part of my narrative. The most important will
be found under the following dates: 1685, Sept. 20, Sept. 24, Oct. 5,
Dec. 20; 1686, Jan. 3, Nov. 22; 1687, Oct. 2, Nov. 6, Nov. 19 1688, July
29, Aug. 20. Lord Lonsdale, in his Memoirs, justly remarks that, but for
the mismanagement of Lewis, the city of Amsterdam would have prevented
the Revolution. ]
[Footnote 451: Professor Von Ranke, Die Romischen Papste, book viii. ;
Burnet, i. 759. ]
[Footnote 452: Burnet, i. 758. ; Lewis paper bears date Aug 27/Sept 6
1688. It will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol. iv. no. 219. ]
[Footnote 453: For the consummate dexterity with which he exhibited two
different views of his policy to two different parties he was afterwards
bitterly reviled by the Court of Saint Germains. "Licet Foederatis
publicus ille preado haud aliud aperte proponat nisi ut Galici imperii
exuberans amputetur potesias, veruntamen sibi et suis ex haeretica faece
complicibus, ut pro comperto habemus, longe aliud promittit, nempe ut,
exciso vel enervato Francorum regno, ubi Catholicarum partium summum
jam robur situm est, haeretica ipsorum pravitas per orbem Christisnum
universum praevaleat. "--Letter of James to the Pope; evidently written
in 1689. ]
[Footnote 454: Avaux Neg. , Aug. 2/12 10/20 11/21 14/24 16/26 17/27 Aug
23/Sept 2 1688. ]
[Footnote 455: Ibid. , Sept. 4/14 1688. ]
[Footnote 456: Burnet, i. 765. ; Churchill's letter bears date Aug. 4.
1688. ]
[Footnote 457: William to Bentinck, Aug. 17/27 1688. ]
[Footnote 458: Memoirs of the Duke of Shrewsbury, 1718. ]
[Footnote 459: London Gazette, April 25. 28. 1687. ]
[Footnote 460: Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland. This
account is strongly confirmed by what Bonrepaux wrote to Seignelay,
Sept. 12/22 1687. "Il (Sunderland) amassera beaucoup d'argent, le roi
son maitre lui donnant la plus grande partie de celui qui provient des
confiscations on des accommodemens que ceux qui ont encouru des peines
font pour obtenir leur grace. "]
[Footnote 461: Adda says that Sunderland's terror was visible. Oct
26/Nov 5 1688. ]
[Footnote 462: Compare Evelyn's account of her with what the Princess of
Denmark wrote about her to the Hague, and with her own letters to Henry
Sidney. ]
[Footnote 463: Bonrepaux to Seignelay, July 11/21 1688. ]
[Footnote 464: See her letters in the Sidney Diary and Correspondence
lately published. Mr. Fox, in his copy of Barillon's despatches, marked
the 30th of August N. S. 1688, as the date from which it was quite
certain that Sunderland was playing false. ]
[Footnote 465: Aug 19/29 1688]
[Footnote 466: Sept 4/14 1688]
[Footnote 467: Avaux, July 19/29 July 31/Aug 10 Aug. [11]/21 1688; Lewis
to Barillon, Aug. 2/12, 16/26. ]
[Footnote 468: Barillon, Aug. 20/30 Aug 23/Sept 2 1688 Adda, Aug 24/Sept
3; Clarke's Life of James, ii. 177. Orig. Mem. ]
[Footnote 469: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 3/13 8/18 11/21 1688. ]
[Footnote 470: Avaux, Aug 23/Sept 2, Aug 30/Sept 9 1688. ]
[Footnote 471: "Che l'adulazione e la vanita gli avevano tornato il
capo"--Adda, Aug 31/Sept 10 1688. ]
[Footnote 472: Citters, Sept. 11/21 1688 Avaux, Sept. 17/27 Sept 27/Oct
7 Oct. 3 Wagenaar, book lx. ; Sunderland's Apology. It has been often
asserted that James declined the help of a French army. The truth is
that no such army was offered. Indeed, the French troops would have
served James much more effectually by menacing the frontiers of Holland
than by crossing the Channel. ]
[Footnote 473: Lewis to Barillon, Sept. 20/30 1688. ]
[Footnote 474: Avaux, Sept 27/Oct 7 27. Oct. 4/14 1688. ]
[Footnote 475: Madame de Sevigne, Oct 24/Nov 3 1688. ]
[Footnote 476: Witsen MS. quoted by Wagenaar; Lord Lonsdale's Memoirs;
Avaux, Oct. 4/14 5/15 1688. The formal declaration of the States
General, dated Oct. 18/28 will be found in the Recueil des Traites, vol.
iv. no. 225. ]
[Footnote 477: Abrege de la Vie de Frederic Duc de Schomberg, 1690;
Sidney to William, June 30. 1688; Burnet, i. 677. ]
[Footnote 478: Burnet, i. 584. ; Mackay's Memoirs. ]
[Footnote 479: Burnet, i. 775. 780. ]
[Footnote 480: Eachard's History of the Revolution, ii. 2. ]
[Footnote 481: Pepys's Memoirs relating to the Royal Navy, 1690.
Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186 Orig. Mem. ; Adda, Sept 21/Oct
1 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 482: Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 186. Orig. Mem. ;
Adda, Sept 14/Oct 2 Citters, Sept 21/Oct 1]
[Footnote 483: Adda, Sept 28/Oct. 8. 1688. This despatch describes
strongly James's dread of an universal defection of his subjects. ]
[Footnote 484: All the scanty light which we have respecting this
negotiation is derived from Reresby. His informant was a lady whom he
does not name, and who certainly was not to be implicitly trusted. ]
[Footnote 485: London Gazette, Sept. 24. 27. , Oct. 1. , 1688. ]
[Footnote 486: Tanner MSS. ; Burnet, i. 784. Burnet has, I think,
confounded this audience with an audience which took place a few weeks
later. ]
[Footnote 487: London Gazette, Oct. 8. 1688. ]
[Footnote 488: Ibid. ]
[Footnote 489: Ibid. Oct. 15. 1688; Adda, Oct. 12/22 The Nuncio,
though generally an enemy to violent courses, seems to have opposed the
restoration of Hough, probably from regard for the interests of Giffard
and the other Roman Catholics who were quartered in Magdalene College.
Leyburn declared himself "nel sentimento che fosse stato non spoglio,
e che il possesso in cui si trovano ora li Cattolici fosse violento ed
illegale, onde non era privar questi di no dritto acquisto, ma rendere
agli altri quello che era stato levato con violenza. "]
[Footnote 490: London Gazette, Oct. 18. 1688. ]
[Footnote 491: "Vento Papista. " says Adda Oct 24/Nov 3 1688. The
expression Protestant wind seems to have been first applied to the wind
which kept Tyrconnel, during some time, from taking possession of the
government of Ireland. See the first part of Lillibullero. ]
[Footnote 492: All the evidence on this point is collected in Howell's
edition of the State Trials. ]
[Footnote 493: It will be found with much illustrative matter in
Howell's edition of the State Trials. ]
[Footnote 494: Barillon, Oct. 8/18 16/26 18/28 Oct 25/Nov 4 Oct.
[27]/Nov 6 Oct 29/Nov 8 1688; Adda, Oct 26/Nov 5]
[Footnote 495: London Gazette, Oct. 29. 1688.
