He wrote : "The Paradise of Youth :
Poems for Young and Old) (1869); (The Clash
of Arms (1870); Juventus : New Poems?
Poems for Young and Old) (1869); (The Clash
of Arms (1870); Juventus : New Poems?
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
He is re-
nowned as the author of "The Comprehens-
ive Mirror of History,' in 294 books, the labor
of nineteen years. It covers a period from the
beginning of the fourth century B. C. to 960
A. D.
Sze-ma or Sŭ-ma Ts'ien. Author of the first
general history of China; born at Lung-Mun,
in what is now the province of Ho-nan, about
163 B. C. He died in disgrace, about 85 B. C.
In 110 B. C. he succeeded his father, Sze-ma
T'an, as grand recorder and astronomer, and
took up the historical work begun by him. It
was finished in 91 B. C. , and was named (Shih-
ki,' or Historical Records. It covers from 2097
to 104 B. C. He is also noted for reforming the
calendar. The chronology settled on by him
still prevails in China.
Szigligeti, Eduard (sēg-le-get'ē); true name
Joseph Szatmáry. A Hungarian dramatist;
born at Nagy Varad (Grosswardein), March 18,
1814; died at Pesth, Jan. 19, 1878. He wrote
about 100 plays between 1834 and 1872. Sev-
eral of his comedies and tragedies were crowned
by the Academy. Among his best dramas
are : (The Deserter); (A Brace of Pistols);
(The Jew); (The Foundling. He wrote also:
( The Drama and its Different Forms) (1874),
(Biographies of Hungarian Actors) (1878).
T
Tabarî, Abu Djasar Mohammed ibn Djerîr
(tä-bä're). A celebrated Mohammedan theo-
logian and historian; born at Amul in Taberis-
tan, 839; died at Bagdad, 921. His two prin-
cipal writings are : (Tefsir (exegesis), by far
the most authoritative exposition of the doc-
trine of the Koran; and his Annals,' in which
he gives, on a theological basis, the history of
the world from the creation to the year 914.
Tabb, John Banister. An American edu-
cator and author; born in Maryland, 1845. He
is professor of English literature at St. Charles
College, Ellicott City, Md. He has written:
(Poems); (Lyrics); (An Octave to Mary.
Tacitus, Publius Cornelius (tas'it-us). A
great Latin historian; born about 54 A. D. He
was an intimate friend of Pliny the Younger.
The dialogue (De Oratoribus) is his earliest
work; the (Agricola,' a biography of his father-
in-law, C. Julius Agricola, is interesting to Eng-
lish speaking readers on account of the fact
that Agricola spent so much of his time in Brit-
ain; the (Germania,' or "On the Manners of
the Germans,' is of great value for its descrip-
tion of early Germany. Of his History)
only the first four and a half books are extant,
giving the history of the years 69-96 A. D. ; of
the (Annals, beginning at the death of Au-
gustus and ending at the death of Nero (14-68
A. D. ), only the first four books, part of the
fifth, the sixth, and from the middle of the elev.
enth to the middle of the sixteenth, are extant.
Many editions of his works have been published.
The latest English translation is by Church and
Brodribb (London, 1876-77). *
33
## p. 514 (#530) ############################################
514
TACONNET - TALMA
Taconnet, Toussaint Gaspard (tä-ko-nā').
A French dramatist and actor; born at Paris,
1730; died there, 1774. Among his works are :
(The Labyrinth of Love (1749); (All the
World's Friend' ( 1762); the farce-tragedy (The
Death of the Fatted Ox! (1767); "Stanzas on
the Death of Marie, Queen of France) (1768).
Taillandier, Alphonse Honoré (ti-än-dyā').
A French legist; born at Paris, 1797; died there,
1867. His principal works are: Collection
of Ancient French Laws from the Year 420
to the Revolution of 1789) (23 vols. , 1821-30);
(Reflections on the Penal Laws of France
and England? (1824).
Taillandier, René Gaspard Ernest, usually
styled Saint-René Taillandier. A French his-
torian and biographer; born at Paris, Dec. 16,
1817; died there, Feb. 24, 1879. He was ap-
pointed professor of French poetry in the Sor-
bonne, 1863. Among his works are: (Scotus
Erigena and the Scholastic Philosophy) (1843);
(Studies on the Revolution in Germany' (1853);
(The Countess of Albany) (1862); Maurice
de Saxe) (1865); (Ten Years of the History of
Germany) (1875); (King Leopold and Queen
Victoria) (1878).
Taillepied, Noël (ti-pyā'). A French his-
torical writer ; born in Normandy, 1540; died
at Angers, 1589. His principal works are :
Abridgment of the Philosophy of Aristotle)
(1583); History of the State and Common-
wealth of the Druids) (1585); (Collection of
the Antiquities and Curiosities of the City of
Rouen) (1587); (Treatise on the Apparition of
Ghosts) (1602).
Tailliar, Eugène François Joseph (ti-är').
A French juristic writer; born at Douai, 1803;
died there, July 8, 1878. Among his writings
are : “Essay on the History of the Institutions
of Northern France in the Celtic Era) (1852);
(Usages and Ancient Customs of the County
of Guysnes) (1856); “Essay on the History of
Institutions) (1859).
Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe (tān). A cele-
brated French historian and critic; born at
Vouziers (Ardennes), April 21, 1828; died at
Paris, March 5, 1893. He published : Essay
on La Fontaine's Fables) (1853); Essay on
Livy) (1854); "Journey to the Pyrenees) (1855);
(French Philosophers in the Nineteenth Cen-
tury) (1856); Essays in Criticism and His-
tory) (1857 ); Notes on England) ( 1861 );
(Contemporary English Writers) (1863); (His-
tory of English Literature) (1864); English
Idealism) (1864); (English Positivism) (1864);
(New Essays in Criticism and History) (1865);
(Philosophy of Art) (1865); Philosophy of Art
in Italy) (1866); ( Tour in Italy, Naples, Rome,
Florence, and Venice) (1866); ( Notes on Paris)
(1867); (The Ideal in Art) (1867); Philosophy
of Art in the Low Countries) (1868); Phi.
losophy of Art in Greece) (1870); (On the
Understanding) ( 1870 ); (Universal Suffrage
and the Method of Voting' (1871); 'Beginnings
of Contemporary France,' a series of works
comprising «The Old Régime) (1875), An-
archy) (1878), «The Revolutionary Govern-
ments) (1884), “The Modern Régime) (1890).
The last-named was left not quite complete;
the sixth volume was posthumously published,
after revision by Sorel, in 1894. "Last Essays
in Criticism and History) (1894) is a volume
of miscellany. *
Tait, Archibald Campbell. An English
Churchman and theological writer; born in
Edinburgh, Dec. 22, 1811; died in London,
Dec. 3, 1882. He was educated at Glasgow
and Oxford Universities; was one of the lead-
ing opponents of the Tractarians or Puseyites;
took orders in the Church of England; was
head-master of Rugby School, dean of Car-
lisle, bishop of London, and Archbishop of
Canterbury from 1868 to his death. He was
author of "The Dangers and Safeguards of
Modern Theology) (1861), and "The Word of
God and the Ground of Faith) (1863), besides
addresses and sermons. His life was published
by Davidson and Benham (2 vols. , 1891).
Talbot, Charles Remington. An American
Episcopal clergyman and juvenile-story writer;
born 1851; died 1891. His works include:
Honor Bright); Miltiades Peterkin Paul);
(Royal Louise); (Romulus and Remus); (A
Midshipman at Large); «The Impostor); (A
Romance of the Revolution. '
Talfourd, Sir Thomas Noon. An English
statesman and author; born at Doxey, near
Stafford, Jan. 26, 1795; died at Stafford, March
13, 1854. He published many speeches and
essays, some of which have been collected
under the title (Critical and Miscellaneous Es-
says) (1842). Among his other works are:
(Poems on Various Subjects) (1811); (An
Attempt to Estimate the Poetical Talent of
the Present Age) (1815); (History of Greek
Literature); “History of Greece) and History
of the Roman Republic); Memoirs and Cor.
respondence of Charles Lamb' (1837); (Final
Memorials of Charles Lamb) (1848); four tra-
gedies, the first two of which had a stage suc-
cess, -(Ion (1835), «The Athenian Captive)
(1838), "Glencoe) (1840), and (The Castilian)
(1854); (Recollections of a First Visit to the
Alps) (1842); Vacation Rambles) (1844); and
Supplement to Vacation Rambles) (1846).
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de
(täl-ā-ran'-per-e-gôr'), Prince of Benevento. A
celebrated French diplomat; born at Paris,
Feb. 13, 1754; died at Valençay, May 17,
1838. His Memoirs) were first published in
1891-92 (5 vols. ); his (Correspondence with
Louis XVIII. , during the Congress of Vienna,
was published in 1881; his "Diplomatic Corre-
spondence) in 1889-91 (3 vols. ); and Unpub-
lished Letters of Tallyrand to Napoleon, 1800-
1809, in 1889.
Talma, Joseph François (täl-mä'). A great
French actor and writer; born in Paris, Jan.
15, 1763; died Oct. 19, 1826. He was educated
at Mazarin College, and afterwards went to
a
## p. 515 (#531) ############################################
TALMAGE-TASSO
515
(
London with his father, a dentist; studied in
the hospitals there, and on returning to Paris
was apprenticed to a dentist. He had been on
the stage, however, both in London and Paris,
and made his professional début Nov. 21, 1787,
at the Comédie Française. He founded, with
a few others, the theatre afterwards known as
the Théâtre de la République. He won his
fame as a tragedian, but made many improve-
ments in the naturalness of stage productions.
He wrote: (Mémoires de Le Kain, et Réflex-
ions sur cet Acteur et sur l’Art Théatral)
(1825), which was republished in 1856 under a
slightly different title. His own Mémoires)
were edited by Alexandre Dumas (1856).
Talmage, Thomas De Witt. An American
Presbyterian clergyman, lecturer, and educator;
born at Bound Brook, N. J. , Jan. 7, 1832. He
became pastor of Brooklyn Tabernacle, 1869,
and is now connected with Lincoln Memorial
Church, Washington, D. C. He is the author
of many essays, addresses, and sketches, upon
moral and religious subjects, and several vol-
umes of sermons. He has edited the Christian
at Work (New York, 1873-76); the Advance
(Chicago, 1877-78). Among his books are :
(The Almond-Tree in Blossom (1870); (Old
Wells Dug Out) (1874); "Every-Day Religion
(1875); (The Masque Torn Off) (1879); (The
Marriage Ring” (1886); “Sermons) (1891).
Tangermann, Wilhelm (täng'er-man), known
under the pseudonym (Victor Granella. ” A
German theological writer; born at Essen on
the Ruhr, July 6, 1815. He was a priest of the
Roman Catholic Church, but on the fulmination
of the Vatican decree of infallibility, he seceded
from that communion and became pastor of
a schismatical church in Cologne. He wrote:
(Truth, Beauty, and Love,' a series of philo-
sophico-æsthetic studies (1867); (From Two
Worlds : Truth and Fiction (1871); 'Philosophy
and Christianity) (1876); New Springtime,
New Life) (1889); (Flowers and Stars,' poems
(1896).
Tannahill, Robert. A Scottish poet; born
at Paisley, June 3, 1774; drowned himself near
there, May 17, 1810. He was a weaver, work-
ing at the loom all his life, and writing occas-
ionally for periodicals. In 1807 he published
( The Soldier's Return, with Other Poems and
Songs, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect,' which
rendered him famous. Several of them became
popular favorites, and have remained so. A
statue of the poet was erected in Paisley in
1883.
Tansillo, Luigi (tän-sil'lo). An Italian poet ;
born at Venosa, Italy, in 1510; died at Teano,
Dec. 1, 1568. His early poems are: (The Two
Pilgrims, a pastoral; (The Vintager) (1532),
and some amorous rhymes probably addressed
to Maria of Aragon. To his later years belong
the Balia'; the (Podere ) (1560), an idyl on
the charm of country life; and (St. Peter's
Tears,' a religious work written by way of
atonement for (The Vintager. ?
Tappan, William Bingham. An American
poet; born at Beverly, Mass. , 1794; died in
1849. He became general agent of the Amer-
ican Sunday-School Union in 1826. He was
author of several volumes of religious poetry;
also of New England, and Other Poems)
( 1819 ); Songs of Judah ) ( 1820 ); (Lyrics)
( 1822 ); Poems) (1834); (Memoir of Capt.
James Wilson) (1842); Poetry of the Heart)
(1847); Late and Early Poems) (1849).
Tappert, Wilhelm (täp'pert). A German
writer on music; born at Ober-Thomaswaldau,
in Silesia, Feb. 19, 1830. He wrote: (Music
and Musical Education' (1867); (Musical Stud-
ies) (1868); (The Wagner Lexicon) (1877), a
collection of the words and phrases of con-
tempt, disgust, etc. , employed by the critics of
Richard Wagner; Poems) (1878); Richard
Wagner, his Life and Work) (1883); (Stray
Melodies) (2d ed. 1890).
Tarbé, Prosper (tär-bā'). A French archæ-
ologist; born at Paris, 1809. He has written:
(Rheims, its Streets and Monuments (1844);
(The Church of Notre-Dame at Rheims) (1845);
(History of the Language and the Dialects of
Champagne) (2 vols. , 1852).
Tarbell, Ida M. An American writer; born
18. She is the author of Madame Roland);
(Early Life of Abraham Lincoln); etc. She
is a contributor to McClure's Magazine and
other periodicals.
Tardieu, Jules Romain (tär-dyė'). A French
story-writer; born at Rouen, 1805; died 1868.
Among his stories and sketches are: (The Art
of Being Miserable) (1856); (The Truce of
God: Recollections of a Sunday in Summer)
(1862); (Book for Children who Cannot Read
(1863).
Tarnovski, Stanislav, Count (tär-nov'ske).
A Polish historian of literature; born at Dzikov
in Galicia, Nov. 7, 1837. Among his numerous
monographs on the history of literature are :
(History of the Pre-Christian World); (The
Polish Novel in the Beginning of the 19th
Century); Decline of Polish Literature in
the 18th Century); (Shakespeare in Poland”;
(Studies in the History of Polish Literature)
(1886-92),- his greatest work, and a Polish
classic.
Tasso, Bernardo (täs'so). A Venetian poet;
born in 1493; died at Ostiglia, Sept. 4, 1569.
In 1536 he married Porzia de' Rossi of Pistoja,
and in 1554 retired to Sorrento in order to
give himself entirely to literature. There he
worked on his epic, Amadis of Gaul); besides
this he wrote (Floridante,' a narrative poem
finished by his son Torquato; and also shorter
poems called Amours, Fishing Eclogues,
and (Odes. In prose are the Discourse on
Poetry,' and numerous interesting letters.
Tasso, Torquato. An Italian poet, son of
Bernardo Tasso; born at Sorrento, Italy, March
II, 1544; died at Rome, April 25, 1595. In 1562
he published a romantic epic, Rinaldo,' in 12
.
## p. 516 (#532) ############################################
516
TASSONI — TAYLOR
cantos; and in 1573 he wrote for a court fes-
tivity his (Aminta,' a pastoral drama. In 1575
his (Jerusalem Delivered) was completed. In
1579 he was contined in a lunatic asylum, where
he remained seven years, while his great work
was read all over Europe, making his name
one of the first of the age. On his release, he
roved restlessly from place to place. In 1594
Pope Clement VIII. invited him to come to
Rome to be crowned on the Capitoline Hill;
but he died before the ceremony could take
place. Besides the poems mentioned, he wrote
(Torismondo,' a number of lyrical poems,
dialogues, and essays, and a second part of
Jerusalem Delivered) called (Jerusalem Con-
quered. ? (Complete Works, 33 vols. , Pisa,
1821-32. ) English translations of the Jerusa-
lem Delivered) were made by Edward Fairfax
(London, 1000), and by J. K. James (2 vols. ,
1865). *
Tassoni, Alessandro (täs-sõ'nē). An Ital.
ian poet and critic; born at Modena, Sept. 28,
1565; died there, April 25, 1635. His best.
known work is a fine mock-heroic poem, “The
Rape of the Bucket' (1615-22).
Taubert, Emil (tou'bert). A German poet ;
born at Berlin, Jan. 23, 1844; died there, April
10, 1895.
He wrote : "The Paradise of Youth :
Poems for Young and Old) (1869); (The Clash
of Arms (1870); Juventus : New Poems? (1875);
(The Goldsmith of Bagdad); (The Cicadas )
(1880); (The Torso) (1881): also some stories,
as (The Antiquary) (1882); (Sphinx Atropos)
(1883); (The Magic Lantern (1885); “Sam-
son (1886); “Wife and Bride (1889).
Tauler, Johannes (tou'ler). A German mys-
tic and writer; born at Strasburg about 1300;
died there, June 16, 1361. He entered the order
of the Dominicans about 1318; studied theology
at their college in Cologne, and afterward in
Paris. He was banished with them from Stras-
burg, and went to Basel in 1339.
He was
reputed the greatest preacher of his time. His
sermons were collected in 1498.
Taunay, Alfredo D'Escragnolle (tū-nā'). An
author and statesman; born of French parents
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Feb. 22, 1843. In 1865-
68 he was attached to the engineer corps of
the Brazilian army which invaded Paraguay,
and described the history of the campaigns in
(Scenes of Travel (1868), and (The Retreat
from Laguna) (1871). Besides filling many im-
portant political positions, he has written es-
says, poems, comedies, criticisms, and a series
of novels considered the best ever produced
by a Brazilian novelist ; among which is 'Inno-
cencia,' translated into French and English.
Tautpheus, Baroness von (tout'fe-ös). An
Irish novelist; born (Jemima Montgomery) in
1807; died at Munich, Nov. 12, 1893. She wrote
the popular novels (Quits); (At Odds); “The
Initials.
Tavernier, Jean Baptiste (tä-vern-yā'). A
celebrated French traveler; born at Paris, 1605;
died at Copenhagen, 1689. He traveled in
every country of Europe, in Persia, Mongolia,
India, Sumatra, Batavia, etc. , and amassed an
enormous fortune. He wrote: 'Travels in Tur.
key, Persia, and India' (1679).
Taylor, Bayard. An American poet, novel-
ist, and traveler ; born at Kennett Square, Pa. ,
Jan. 11, 1825; died at Berlin, Germany, Dec. 19,
1878. His works include: (Ximena, and Other
Poems) (1844); "Views Afoot' (1846); Rhymes
of Travel, and Other Poems) (1849); El Do-
rado; or, Adventures in the Path of Empire!
(1850); “The American Legend,' poem (1850);
(Handbook of Literature) (edited with George
Ripley : 1851); "Book of Romances, Lyrics, and
Songs) (1852); Poems and Ballads' (1854);
(A Journey to Central Africa) (1854); (A Visit
to India, China, and Japan (1855);( The Lands
of the Saracen (1855); Poems of the Orient
(1855); Poems of Home and Travel (1855);
(Northern Travel : Sweden, Norway, and Lap-
land? (1858); “Travels in Greece and Russia)
(1859); (At Home and Abroad) (1859); (At
Home and Abroad' (2d series : 1862); (The Po.
et's Journal» (1863); (Hannah Thurston, novel
(1863); John Godfrey's Fortunes,' novel (1864);
Poems (1865); “The Story of Kennett,' novel
(1866); "The Picture of St. John (1866); (Col.
orado) (1867); (Frithiof's Saga' (edited : 1867);
By-Ways of Europe) (1869); Joseph and his
Friend, novel (1870); Ballad of Abraham
Lincoln (1870); translation of Goethe's Faust)
(1870–71); (The Masque of the Gods) (1872);
(Beauty and the Beast) (1872); (Illustrated
Library of Travel, etc. (edited : 1872-74);
(Lars,' poem (1873); (School History of Ger-
many) (1874); (Egypt and Iceland) (1874);
( The Prophet: A Tragedy' (1874); "Home Pas-
torals, Ballads, and Lyrics) (1875); (The Echo
Club, and Other Literary Diversions) (1876);
Boys of Other Countries) (1876); National
Ode) (July 4, 1876); Fitz-Greene Halleck Me.
morial Address (1877); Prince Deukalion
(1878). Posthumously: Picturesque Europe
(edited : 1878-80); (Studies in German Liter-
aturel (1879); Critical Essays and Literary
Notes) (1880); Dramatic Works) (1880). *
Taylor, Benjamin Franklin. An American
poet, author, and war correspondent; born at
Lowville, N. Y. , 1819; died at Cleveland, O. ,
1887. He wrote: Pictures of Life in Camp
and Field) (1871); (The World on Wheels)
(1874); "Song of Yesterday) (1877); (Between
the Gates) (1878); "Summer Savory) (1879);
(Dulce Domum! (1884); (Theophilus Trent'
(1887).
Taylor, Sir Henry. An English poet of
celebrity ; born at Bishop-Middleham, Durham,
Oct. 18, 1800; died March 28, 1886. In 1824
he became editor of the London Magazine,
and obtained a position in the Colonial Office,
which he retained until 1872. His dramatic
works are : (Isaac Comnenus) (1827); “Philip
van Artevelde) (1834), his best ; (Edwin the
Fair) (1842); (The Virgin Widow) (1850); and
(St. Clement's Eve! (18 He published
several volumes of essays, -" The Statesman'
>
## p. 517 (#533) ############################################
TAYLOR:
517
(1836), Notes from Life) (1847), «Notes from
Books) (1849); also (The Eve of the Con-
quest, and Other Poems) (1847); and his (Au-
tobiography) (1885). In 1888 his Letters)
appeared, edited by Dowden. *
Taylor, Isaac (known as Taylor of Ongar).
An English minister and author; born in Lon-
don, in 1759; died at Ongar, Dec. II, 1829.
He was originally an engraver. Besides ser-
mons, he published many volumes, chiefly for
the young; among which are: (Advice to the
Teens); (Beginnings of British Biography);
(Beginnings of European Biography); (Bi-
ography of a Brown Loaf); (Book of Martyrs
for the Young); Bunyan Explained to a
Child); (Child's Life of Christ); (Mirabilia;
or, The Wonders of Nature and Art); (Scenes
in America, in Asia, in Europe, in Foreign
Lands. )
Taylor, Isaac. An English author, son of
Isaac Taylor of Ongar; born at Lavenham,
Suffolk, Aug. 17, 1787; died at Ongar, June 28,
1865. Besides contributing to the Eclectic
Review, he published many books, including:
Elements of Thought! (1823); History of
the Transmission of Ancient Books to Mod-
ern Times) (1827); “The Process of Historical
Proof Exemplified and Explained' (1828);
Natural History of Enthusiasm (1829);
Physical Theory of Another Life) (1836);
(Loyola and Jesuitism in its Rudiments) (1849).
In 1862 a pension of £,100 was bestowed upon
him from the civil-service fund «in public ac-
knowledgment of his eminent services to litera-
ture, especially in the departments of history
and philosophy, during more than forty years. ”
Taylor, Isaac. An English clergyman and
writer, grandson of Isaac Taylor of Ongar;
born at Stanford Rivers, May 2, 1829; a canon
of York. He has written: 'Words and Places,
an explanation of the local names in Great
Britain (1864, 3 eds. since); “The Family Pen:
Memorials Biographical and Literary of the
Taylor Family of Ongar) (1867); “The Alpha-
bet: An Account of the Origin and Develop-
ment of Letters) (1883); (The Manx Runcs)
(1886); (The Origin of the Aryans) (1890),
summing up the evidence, especially that of
philology and craniology, against the Central-
Asian theory.
Taylor, Isidore Justin Séverin, Baron
(ti'ler or tā'ler). A French dramatist and
writer of books of travel; born at Brussels,
1789; died at Paris, Sept. 8, 1879. Among his
dramatic compositions are: (The Informer);
( Ismail and Marie. ) He wrote also: Pict-
uresque Tour in Spain, Portugal, and the Coast
of Africa) (3 vols. , 1826–32); (Syria, Egypt,
Palestine, and Judea) (3 vols. , 1835-39); Pil-
grimage to Jerusalem (1841); (The Pyrenees)
(1843); and 24 vols. of Picturesque and Ro-
mantic Travels in Ancient France) (1820-63).
Taylor, Jeremy. A celebrated English theo-
logical writer; born August 1613, at Cam-
bridge; died at Lisburn, Ireland, Aug. 13, 1667.
During the civil wars he was chaplain to
Charles I. , who had the degree of D. D. con-
ferred on him for his treatise (Episcopacy As-
serted against the Acephali and Arians New
and Old. In 1658 he became bishop of Down
and Connor in Ireland, and labored earnestly
for the establishment of the Protestant Church
there. Besides his sermons, his principal works
are: (Discourse on the Liberty of Prophesy-
ing) (1647); “The Great Exemplar of Sanctity
and Holy Life (1649); (The Rule and Exer-
cise of Holy Living (1650); (The Rule and
Exercise of Holy Dying) (1651); Ductor Du-
bitantium,' a work on casuistry: *
Taylor, John. An English poet; born in
Gloucestershire, August 1580; died in London,
1654. He followed the occupation of water-
man during a part of his life, and hence was
termed the water-poet. ” His productions, of
which about 140 are known to collectors, are
interesting, as they show the manners and cus-
toms of the times. They are remarkable for the
eccentricity of their titles, as, (Taylor's Re-
venge; or, The Rimer, William Fennor, Firkt,
Ferrited, and Finely Fetched over the Coals)
(1615); (The Pennyles Pilgrimage; or, The
Moneylesse Perambulation of John Taylor,
alias the King's Majestie's Water-Poet, from
London to Edinborough on Foot) (1618).
Taylor, Philip Meadows. An English soldier
and author; born in Liverpool, Sept. 25, 1808;
died in Mentone, France, May 13, 1876. He
spent a great part of his life in India, in the
army and other government service, and mar-
ried an Indian princess. He was the author
of: (Confessions of a Thug) (1839, new ed.
1858); (Tippoo Sultaun: A Tale of the Mysore
War) (1840); Notices of Cromlechs, Cairns,
and Other Ancient Scytho-Druidical Remains
in the Principality of Sorapur) (1853); “Tara:
A Mahratta Tale) (1863); (The Student's Man.
ual of the History of India, from the Earliest
Period to the Present) (1870); and other works.
Taylor, Thomas. An English author styled
(the Platonist”; born in London, May 15,
1758; died there, Nov. I, 1835. His works com-
prise 63 vols. , of which 23 are large quartos.
Among them are treatises on arithmetic and
geometry; on the Eleusinian and Bacchic mys-
teries; an essay on the Rights of Brutes, in
ridicule of Thomas Paine's (Rights of Man);
a (History of the Restoration of the Platonic
Theology); and a volume of (Miscellanies in
Prose and Verse. ) His main labor was the
translating of great classical Greek and Latin
works. His translation of Plato was in 5 vols. ,
and was printed at the expense of the Duke
of Norfolk. Of his translation of Aristotle only
fifty complete copies were struck off; the ex-
pense being defrayed by W. Meredith, a retired
tradesman.
Taylor, Tom. A British dramatist; born at
Sunderland, Durham, in 1817; died at Wands.
worth, July 12, 1880. He edited Punch in 1874-
80; was art critic to the London Times and
(
## p. 518 (#534) ############################################
518
TAYLOR – TENNANT
Graphic, and produced more than 100 dramatic
pieces. Among them are: (Still Waters Run
Deep'; (The Unequal Match'; (The Over-
land Route); (The Contested Election); Our
American Cousin); “The Ticket-of-Leave Man. '
He translated from the French of Villemarqué
(The Ballads and Songs of Brittany); and
published Life and Times of Sir Joshua Rey.
nolds) (1865).
Taylor, William. An American evangelist,
missionary bishop in Africa, and author; born
1821. He wrote: (California Life Illustrated);
(Seven Years' Street Preaching in San Fran-
cisco) (1856); Model Preacher) (1860); (Four
Years' Campaign in India (1875).
Tchernytchevskiï, Nikolai Gavrilovich
(cher-ne-chev'skē)A Russian miscellaneous
writer ; born at Saratov, July 1, 1828; died there,
Oct. 29, 1889. He translated into Russian J. S.
Mill's Principles of Political Economy, mak-
ing considerable additions to the first volume.
While in prison as a suspect he wrote the
novel “What's to be Done ? ) (1863), which
won for him deportation to Siberia. It has
been translated into English. In 1883 he was
allowed to live in Astrakhan, and was par-
doned in 1889.
Teellinck, Evald (tāʻlink). A notable Dutch
anti-papal polemist; born at Zierickzee about
1570; died 1629. He wrote some 20 books,
most of them attacking the papal system.
Among them are: (The Paw of the Beast);
(The Plain Mark of Antichrist); (Bileam ; or,
The Blind Papist. ?
Tegnér, Esaias (teng-nır'). A Swedish poet;
born at Kyrkerud, Wermland, Sweden, Nov.
13, 1782; died at Wexio, Nov. 2, 1846. His
most celebrated work is the epic (Frithiof's
Saga) (1825), a collection of ballads which has
been translated into every European language.
He also wrote a poem, "Svea) (1811), which
was crowned by the Swedish Academy ; (Natt-
värdsbarned) (translated by Longfellow, under
the title (The Children of the Lord's Supper);
(Axel,' a poem of the time of Charles XII.
(Collected Works, Stockholm, 7 vols. , 1847–
51; additional 3 vols. , 1873-74). *
Teleki, Joseph, Count (tel-ek'ē). A Hun-
garian statesman and historian; born Oct. 24,
1790 ; died at Pesth, Feb. 16, 1855. His principal
work is (The Period of the Hunyads in Hun-
gary (5 vols. , with 3 supplementary vols. of
documentary matter, 1852-55).
Téllez, Gabriel, Maestro Fray (tel'yáth).
[“ Tirso de Molina. ”] A Spanish dramatist;
born in Madrid, some time between 1570 and
1585; died in Soria, about 1648. He is said to
have written about 300 plays, but only 59 are
extant. The most famous is 'El Burlador de
Sevilla. He wrote several autos or religious
pieces; and two collections of stories after the
fashion of the "Decameron,' - the (Cigarrales
de Toledo) (1621 or 1624), and (Deleitar Apro-
vechando) (unfinished, 1625).
Telmann, Konrad (telmän). A German
poet and story-writer; born at Stettin, Nov. 26,
1854; died at Rome, Jan. 23, 1897. His princi-
pal works are : In Solitude) (1876); Waves
of Ocean (1884); (In Pomerania) (2 vols. ,
1875), a collection of stories; “Dissonances and
Accords) (1888), stories; (Sicilian Stories)
(1889); (Athwart Life) (1890); “Dark Depths)
(1895); the novels (In the Flush of Morning
(1880), “Væ Victis) (1886), “On the Sirens' Isle,
Capri (1889), “Of the Lineage of the Icaridæ
(1891), "Vox Populi? (1897); etc.
Temme, Jodocus Donatus Hubert (tem'e).
A German jurist and story-writer; born at
Lette in Westphalia, 1798; died at Zürich,
Nov. 14, 1881. Among his stories are : 'German
Tales of Crime) (in two series, comprising 14
vols. ); Darksome Ways) (3 vols. , 1862–63);
(The Black Village) (3 vols. , 1863); (The Na-
tive Land) (3 vols. , 1868).
Tempeltey, Eduard (tem-pel'ti). A German
poet; born at Berlin, Oct. 13, 1832. His two
dramas, Clytemnestra) (1857), and Here
Guelph, Here Ghibellin ! ) (1859) were received
with extraordinary favor. Among his other
dramas is Cromwell (1882), which was also
remarkably successful. He wrote also a chap-
let of songs, Mariengarn) (1866), the theme
of which is love in all its phases.
Tencin, Claudine-Alexandrine Guérin de
(ten-san'). A French writer; born at Grenoble
in 1681 ; died Dec. 4, 1749. She was the friend
of Fontenelle, Marmontel, Bolingbroke, and
other noted men, and the mother of D'Alem-
bert. Among her writings are: “The Siege of
Calais); (The Misfortunes of Love); (Anec.
dotes of the Court and Reign of Edward II. ';
and “The Count of Comminges,' which is prob-
ably her best book.
Ten Kate, Jan Jacob Lodewijk (ten kä'tė).
A Dutch poet and theologian; born at The
Hague, Dec. 23, 1819. In 1836 his first volume
of poems, entitled (Gedichten,' appeared. In
1837, with a friend, he published a translation
of the (Odes) of Anacreon, the first of a long
series of translations that have distinguished
him among modern Dutch poets. Among these
may be mentioned that of Byron's (Giaour);
Tasso's (Gerusalemme Liberata) (1856); Teg.
nér's (Frithiof's Saga' (1861); Schiller's (Marie
Stuart) (1866); La Fontaine's (Fables); Dan.
te's Inferno) (1876); Milton's Paradise Lost)
(1880). Among his original works are various
collections of poems, and many treatises of a
religious or philosophical character, some in
prose; Dead and Alive) (1856); (The Crea-
tion (1860; English translation by Rev. D. Van
de Pelt, 1888); « The Planets) (1869); (Eunoë)
(1874); (Palm Leaves and Flowers of Poesy)
(1884).
Tennant, William. A Scottish Oriental
scholar; born at Anstruther, Fifeshire, May
15, 1784; died near Dollar, Feb. 15, 1848. He
was professor of Oriental languages at St.
Andrews University from 1834. He published:
## p. 519 (#535) ############################################
TENNEMANN - TERTULLIAN
519
3
(
(The Anster Concert) (1811), and Anster
Fair, both poems descriptive of rural Scottish
life; several later poems and dramas; a (Syr-
iac and Chaldee Grammar) (1840); a "Life of
Allan Ramsay) (1808); and numerous contribu-
tions to periodicals, including translations from
Oriental poets.
nowned as the author of "The Comprehens-
ive Mirror of History,' in 294 books, the labor
of nineteen years. It covers a period from the
beginning of the fourth century B. C. to 960
A. D.
Sze-ma or Sŭ-ma Ts'ien. Author of the first
general history of China; born at Lung-Mun,
in what is now the province of Ho-nan, about
163 B. C. He died in disgrace, about 85 B. C.
In 110 B. C. he succeeded his father, Sze-ma
T'an, as grand recorder and astronomer, and
took up the historical work begun by him. It
was finished in 91 B. C. , and was named (Shih-
ki,' or Historical Records. It covers from 2097
to 104 B. C. He is also noted for reforming the
calendar. The chronology settled on by him
still prevails in China.
Szigligeti, Eduard (sēg-le-get'ē); true name
Joseph Szatmáry. A Hungarian dramatist;
born at Nagy Varad (Grosswardein), March 18,
1814; died at Pesth, Jan. 19, 1878. He wrote
about 100 plays between 1834 and 1872. Sev-
eral of his comedies and tragedies were crowned
by the Academy. Among his best dramas
are : (The Deserter); (A Brace of Pistols);
(The Jew); (The Foundling. He wrote also:
( The Drama and its Different Forms) (1874),
(Biographies of Hungarian Actors) (1878).
T
Tabarî, Abu Djasar Mohammed ibn Djerîr
(tä-bä're). A celebrated Mohammedan theo-
logian and historian; born at Amul in Taberis-
tan, 839; died at Bagdad, 921. His two prin-
cipal writings are : (Tefsir (exegesis), by far
the most authoritative exposition of the doc-
trine of the Koran; and his Annals,' in which
he gives, on a theological basis, the history of
the world from the creation to the year 914.
Tabb, John Banister. An American edu-
cator and author; born in Maryland, 1845. He
is professor of English literature at St. Charles
College, Ellicott City, Md. He has written:
(Poems); (Lyrics); (An Octave to Mary.
Tacitus, Publius Cornelius (tas'it-us). A
great Latin historian; born about 54 A. D. He
was an intimate friend of Pliny the Younger.
The dialogue (De Oratoribus) is his earliest
work; the (Agricola,' a biography of his father-
in-law, C. Julius Agricola, is interesting to Eng-
lish speaking readers on account of the fact
that Agricola spent so much of his time in Brit-
ain; the (Germania,' or "On the Manners of
the Germans,' is of great value for its descrip-
tion of early Germany. Of his History)
only the first four and a half books are extant,
giving the history of the years 69-96 A. D. ; of
the (Annals, beginning at the death of Au-
gustus and ending at the death of Nero (14-68
A. D. ), only the first four books, part of the
fifth, the sixth, and from the middle of the elev.
enth to the middle of the sixteenth, are extant.
Many editions of his works have been published.
The latest English translation is by Church and
Brodribb (London, 1876-77). *
33
## p. 514 (#530) ############################################
514
TACONNET - TALMA
Taconnet, Toussaint Gaspard (tä-ko-nā').
A French dramatist and actor; born at Paris,
1730; died there, 1774. Among his works are :
(The Labyrinth of Love (1749); (All the
World's Friend' ( 1762); the farce-tragedy (The
Death of the Fatted Ox! (1767); "Stanzas on
the Death of Marie, Queen of France) (1768).
Taillandier, Alphonse Honoré (ti-än-dyā').
A French legist; born at Paris, 1797; died there,
1867. His principal works are: Collection
of Ancient French Laws from the Year 420
to the Revolution of 1789) (23 vols. , 1821-30);
(Reflections on the Penal Laws of France
and England? (1824).
Taillandier, René Gaspard Ernest, usually
styled Saint-René Taillandier. A French his-
torian and biographer; born at Paris, Dec. 16,
1817; died there, Feb. 24, 1879. He was ap-
pointed professor of French poetry in the Sor-
bonne, 1863. Among his works are: (Scotus
Erigena and the Scholastic Philosophy) (1843);
(Studies on the Revolution in Germany' (1853);
(The Countess of Albany) (1862); Maurice
de Saxe) (1865); (Ten Years of the History of
Germany) (1875); (King Leopold and Queen
Victoria) (1878).
Taillepied, Noël (ti-pyā'). A French his-
torical writer ; born in Normandy, 1540; died
at Angers, 1589. His principal works are :
Abridgment of the Philosophy of Aristotle)
(1583); History of the State and Common-
wealth of the Druids) (1585); (Collection of
the Antiquities and Curiosities of the City of
Rouen) (1587); (Treatise on the Apparition of
Ghosts) (1602).
Tailliar, Eugène François Joseph (ti-är').
A French juristic writer; born at Douai, 1803;
died there, July 8, 1878. Among his writings
are : “Essay on the History of the Institutions
of Northern France in the Celtic Era) (1852);
(Usages and Ancient Customs of the County
of Guysnes) (1856); “Essay on the History of
Institutions) (1859).
Taine, Hippolyte Adolphe (tān). A cele-
brated French historian and critic; born at
Vouziers (Ardennes), April 21, 1828; died at
Paris, March 5, 1893. He published : Essay
on La Fontaine's Fables) (1853); Essay on
Livy) (1854); "Journey to the Pyrenees) (1855);
(French Philosophers in the Nineteenth Cen-
tury) (1856); Essays in Criticism and His-
tory) (1857 ); Notes on England) ( 1861 );
(Contemporary English Writers) (1863); (His-
tory of English Literature) (1864); English
Idealism) (1864); (English Positivism) (1864);
(New Essays in Criticism and History) (1865);
(Philosophy of Art) (1865); Philosophy of Art
in Italy) (1866); ( Tour in Italy, Naples, Rome,
Florence, and Venice) (1866); ( Notes on Paris)
(1867); (The Ideal in Art) (1867); Philosophy
of Art in the Low Countries) (1868); Phi.
losophy of Art in Greece) (1870); (On the
Understanding) ( 1870 ); (Universal Suffrage
and the Method of Voting' (1871); 'Beginnings
of Contemporary France,' a series of works
comprising «The Old Régime) (1875), An-
archy) (1878), «The Revolutionary Govern-
ments) (1884), “The Modern Régime) (1890).
The last-named was left not quite complete;
the sixth volume was posthumously published,
after revision by Sorel, in 1894. "Last Essays
in Criticism and History) (1894) is a volume
of miscellany. *
Tait, Archibald Campbell. An English
Churchman and theological writer; born in
Edinburgh, Dec. 22, 1811; died in London,
Dec. 3, 1882. He was educated at Glasgow
and Oxford Universities; was one of the lead-
ing opponents of the Tractarians or Puseyites;
took orders in the Church of England; was
head-master of Rugby School, dean of Car-
lisle, bishop of London, and Archbishop of
Canterbury from 1868 to his death. He was
author of "The Dangers and Safeguards of
Modern Theology) (1861), and "The Word of
God and the Ground of Faith) (1863), besides
addresses and sermons. His life was published
by Davidson and Benham (2 vols. , 1891).
Talbot, Charles Remington. An American
Episcopal clergyman and juvenile-story writer;
born 1851; died 1891. His works include:
Honor Bright); Miltiades Peterkin Paul);
(Royal Louise); (Romulus and Remus); (A
Midshipman at Large); «The Impostor); (A
Romance of the Revolution. '
Talfourd, Sir Thomas Noon. An English
statesman and author; born at Doxey, near
Stafford, Jan. 26, 1795; died at Stafford, March
13, 1854. He published many speeches and
essays, some of which have been collected
under the title (Critical and Miscellaneous Es-
says) (1842). Among his other works are:
(Poems on Various Subjects) (1811); (An
Attempt to Estimate the Poetical Talent of
the Present Age) (1815); (History of Greek
Literature); “History of Greece) and History
of the Roman Republic); Memoirs and Cor.
respondence of Charles Lamb' (1837); (Final
Memorials of Charles Lamb) (1848); four tra-
gedies, the first two of which had a stage suc-
cess, -(Ion (1835), «The Athenian Captive)
(1838), "Glencoe) (1840), and (The Castilian)
(1854); (Recollections of a First Visit to the
Alps) (1842); Vacation Rambles) (1844); and
Supplement to Vacation Rambles) (1846).
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles Maurice de
(täl-ā-ran'-per-e-gôr'), Prince of Benevento. A
celebrated French diplomat; born at Paris,
Feb. 13, 1754; died at Valençay, May 17,
1838. His Memoirs) were first published in
1891-92 (5 vols. ); his (Correspondence with
Louis XVIII. , during the Congress of Vienna,
was published in 1881; his "Diplomatic Corre-
spondence) in 1889-91 (3 vols. ); and Unpub-
lished Letters of Tallyrand to Napoleon, 1800-
1809, in 1889.
Talma, Joseph François (täl-mä'). A great
French actor and writer; born in Paris, Jan.
15, 1763; died Oct. 19, 1826. He was educated
at Mazarin College, and afterwards went to
a
## p. 515 (#531) ############################################
TALMAGE-TASSO
515
(
London with his father, a dentist; studied in
the hospitals there, and on returning to Paris
was apprenticed to a dentist. He had been on
the stage, however, both in London and Paris,
and made his professional début Nov. 21, 1787,
at the Comédie Française. He founded, with
a few others, the theatre afterwards known as
the Théâtre de la République. He won his
fame as a tragedian, but made many improve-
ments in the naturalness of stage productions.
He wrote: (Mémoires de Le Kain, et Réflex-
ions sur cet Acteur et sur l’Art Théatral)
(1825), which was republished in 1856 under a
slightly different title. His own Mémoires)
were edited by Alexandre Dumas (1856).
Talmage, Thomas De Witt. An American
Presbyterian clergyman, lecturer, and educator;
born at Bound Brook, N. J. , Jan. 7, 1832. He
became pastor of Brooklyn Tabernacle, 1869,
and is now connected with Lincoln Memorial
Church, Washington, D. C. He is the author
of many essays, addresses, and sketches, upon
moral and religious subjects, and several vol-
umes of sermons. He has edited the Christian
at Work (New York, 1873-76); the Advance
(Chicago, 1877-78). Among his books are :
(The Almond-Tree in Blossom (1870); (Old
Wells Dug Out) (1874); "Every-Day Religion
(1875); (The Masque Torn Off) (1879); (The
Marriage Ring” (1886); “Sermons) (1891).
Tangermann, Wilhelm (täng'er-man), known
under the pseudonym (Victor Granella. ” A
German theological writer; born at Essen on
the Ruhr, July 6, 1815. He was a priest of the
Roman Catholic Church, but on the fulmination
of the Vatican decree of infallibility, he seceded
from that communion and became pastor of
a schismatical church in Cologne. He wrote:
(Truth, Beauty, and Love,' a series of philo-
sophico-æsthetic studies (1867); (From Two
Worlds : Truth and Fiction (1871); 'Philosophy
and Christianity) (1876); New Springtime,
New Life) (1889); (Flowers and Stars,' poems
(1896).
Tannahill, Robert. A Scottish poet; born
at Paisley, June 3, 1774; drowned himself near
there, May 17, 1810. He was a weaver, work-
ing at the loom all his life, and writing occas-
ionally for periodicals. In 1807 he published
( The Soldier's Return, with Other Poems and
Songs, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect,' which
rendered him famous. Several of them became
popular favorites, and have remained so. A
statue of the poet was erected in Paisley in
1883.
Tansillo, Luigi (tän-sil'lo). An Italian poet ;
born at Venosa, Italy, in 1510; died at Teano,
Dec. 1, 1568. His early poems are: (The Two
Pilgrims, a pastoral; (The Vintager) (1532),
and some amorous rhymes probably addressed
to Maria of Aragon. To his later years belong
the Balia'; the (Podere ) (1560), an idyl on
the charm of country life; and (St. Peter's
Tears,' a religious work written by way of
atonement for (The Vintager. ?
Tappan, William Bingham. An American
poet; born at Beverly, Mass. , 1794; died in
1849. He became general agent of the Amer-
ican Sunday-School Union in 1826. He was
author of several volumes of religious poetry;
also of New England, and Other Poems)
( 1819 ); Songs of Judah ) ( 1820 ); (Lyrics)
( 1822 ); Poems) (1834); (Memoir of Capt.
James Wilson) (1842); Poetry of the Heart)
(1847); Late and Early Poems) (1849).
Tappert, Wilhelm (täp'pert). A German
writer on music; born at Ober-Thomaswaldau,
in Silesia, Feb. 19, 1830. He wrote: (Music
and Musical Education' (1867); (Musical Stud-
ies) (1868); (The Wagner Lexicon) (1877), a
collection of the words and phrases of con-
tempt, disgust, etc. , employed by the critics of
Richard Wagner; Poems) (1878); Richard
Wagner, his Life and Work) (1883); (Stray
Melodies) (2d ed. 1890).
Tarbé, Prosper (tär-bā'). A French archæ-
ologist; born at Paris, 1809. He has written:
(Rheims, its Streets and Monuments (1844);
(The Church of Notre-Dame at Rheims) (1845);
(History of the Language and the Dialects of
Champagne) (2 vols. , 1852).
Tarbell, Ida M. An American writer; born
18. She is the author of Madame Roland);
(Early Life of Abraham Lincoln); etc. She
is a contributor to McClure's Magazine and
other periodicals.
Tardieu, Jules Romain (tär-dyė'). A French
story-writer; born at Rouen, 1805; died 1868.
Among his stories and sketches are: (The Art
of Being Miserable) (1856); (The Truce of
God: Recollections of a Sunday in Summer)
(1862); (Book for Children who Cannot Read
(1863).
Tarnovski, Stanislav, Count (tär-nov'ske).
A Polish historian of literature; born at Dzikov
in Galicia, Nov. 7, 1837. Among his numerous
monographs on the history of literature are :
(History of the Pre-Christian World); (The
Polish Novel in the Beginning of the 19th
Century); Decline of Polish Literature in
the 18th Century); (Shakespeare in Poland”;
(Studies in the History of Polish Literature)
(1886-92),- his greatest work, and a Polish
classic.
Tasso, Bernardo (täs'so). A Venetian poet;
born in 1493; died at Ostiglia, Sept. 4, 1569.
In 1536 he married Porzia de' Rossi of Pistoja,
and in 1554 retired to Sorrento in order to
give himself entirely to literature. There he
worked on his epic, Amadis of Gaul); besides
this he wrote (Floridante,' a narrative poem
finished by his son Torquato; and also shorter
poems called Amours, Fishing Eclogues,
and (Odes. In prose are the Discourse on
Poetry,' and numerous interesting letters.
Tasso, Torquato. An Italian poet, son of
Bernardo Tasso; born at Sorrento, Italy, March
II, 1544; died at Rome, April 25, 1595. In 1562
he published a romantic epic, Rinaldo,' in 12
.
## p. 516 (#532) ############################################
516
TASSONI — TAYLOR
cantos; and in 1573 he wrote for a court fes-
tivity his (Aminta,' a pastoral drama. In 1575
his (Jerusalem Delivered) was completed. In
1579 he was contined in a lunatic asylum, where
he remained seven years, while his great work
was read all over Europe, making his name
one of the first of the age. On his release, he
roved restlessly from place to place. In 1594
Pope Clement VIII. invited him to come to
Rome to be crowned on the Capitoline Hill;
but he died before the ceremony could take
place. Besides the poems mentioned, he wrote
(Torismondo,' a number of lyrical poems,
dialogues, and essays, and a second part of
Jerusalem Delivered) called (Jerusalem Con-
quered. ? (Complete Works, 33 vols. , Pisa,
1821-32. ) English translations of the Jerusa-
lem Delivered) were made by Edward Fairfax
(London, 1000), and by J. K. James (2 vols. ,
1865). *
Tassoni, Alessandro (täs-sõ'nē). An Ital.
ian poet and critic; born at Modena, Sept. 28,
1565; died there, April 25, 1635. His best.
known work is a fine mock-heroic poem, “The
Rape of the Bucket' (1615-22).
Taubert, Emil (tou'bert). A German poet ;
born at Berlin, Jan. 23, 1844; died there, April
10, 1895.
He wrote : "The Paradise of Youth :
Poems for Young and Old) (1869); (The Clash
of Arms (1870); Juventus : New Poems? (1875);
(The Goldsmith of Bagdad); (The Cicadas )
(1880); (The Torso) (1881): also some stories,
as (The Antiquary) (1882); (Sphinx Atropos)
(1883); (The Magic Lantern (1885); “Sam-
son (1886); “Wife and Bride (1889).
Tauler, Johannes (tou'ler). A German mys-
tic and writer; born at Strasburg about 1300;
died there, June 16, 1361. He entered the order
of the Dominicans about 1318; studied theology
at their college in Cologne, and afterward in
Paris. He was banished with them from Stras-
burg, and went to Basel in 1339.
He was
reputed the greatest preacher of his time. His
sermons were collected in 1498.
Taunay, Alfredo D'Escragnolle (tū-nā'). An
author and statesman; born of French parents
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Feb. 22, 1843. In 1865-
68 he was attached to the engineer corps of
the Brazilian army which invaded Paraguay,
and described the history of the campaigns in
(Scenes of Travel (1868), and (The Retreat
from Laguna) (1871). Besides filling many im-
portant political positions, he has written es-
says, poems, comedies, criticisms, and a series
of novels considered the best ever produced
by a Brazilian novelist ; among which is 'Inno-
cencia,' translated into French and English.
Tautpheus, Baroness von (tout'fe-ös). An
Irish novelist; born (Jemima Montgomery) in
1807; died at Munich, Nov. 12, 1893. She wrote
the popular novels (Quits); (At Odds); “The
Initials.
Tavernier, Jean Baptiste (tä-vern-yā'). A
celebrated French traveler; born at Paris, 1605;
died at Copenhagen, 1689. He traveled in
every country of Europe, in Persia, Mongolia,
India, Sumatra, Batavia, etc. , and amassed an
enormous fortune. He wrote: 'Travels in Tur.
key, Persia, and India' (1679).
Taylor, Bayard. An American poet, novel-
ist, and traveler ; born at Kennett Square, Pa. ,
Jan. 11, 1825; died at Berlin, Germany, Dec. 19,
1878. His works include: (Ximena, and Other
Poems) (1844); "Views Afoot' (1846); Rhymes
of Travel, and Other Poems) (1849); El Do-
rado; or, Adventures in the Path of Empire!
(1850); “The American Legend,' poem (1850);
(Handbook of Literature) (edited with George
Ripley : 1851); "Book of Romances, Lyrics, and
Songs) (1852); Poems and Ballads' (1854);
(A Journey to Central Africa) (1854); (A Visit
to India, China, and Japan (1855);( The Lands
of the Saracen (1855); Poems of the Orient
(1855); Poems of Home and Travel (1855);
(Northern Travel : Sweden, Norway, and Lap-
land? (1858); “Travels in Greece and Russia)
(1859); (At Home and Abroad) (1859); (At
Home and Abroad' (2d series : 1862); (The Po.
et's Journal» (1863); (Hannah Thurston, novel
(1863); John Godfrey's Fortunes,' novel (1864);
Poems (1865); “The Story of Kennett,' novel
(1866); "The Picture of St. John (1866); (Col.
orado) (1867); (Frithiof's Saga' (edited : 1867);
By-Ways of Europe) (1869); Joseph and his
Friend, novel (1870); Ballad of Abraham
Lincoln (1870); translation of Goethe's Faust)
(1870–71); (The Masque of the Gods) (1872);
(Beauty and the Beast) (1872); (Illustrated
Library of Travel, etc. (edited : 1872-74);
(Lars,' poem (1873); (School History of Ger-
many) (1874); (Egypt and Iceland) (1874);
( The Prophet: A Tragedy' (1874); "Home Pas-
torals, Ballads, and Lyrics) (1875); (The Echo
Club, and Other Literary Diversions) (1876);
Boys of Other Countries) (1876); National
Ode) (July 4, 1876); Fitz-Greene Halleck Me.
morial Address (1877); Prince Deukalion
(1878). Posthumously: Picturesque Europe
(edited : 1878-80); (Studies in German Liter-
aturel (1879); Critical Essays and Literary
Notes) (1880); Dramatic Works) (1880). *
Taylor, Benjamin Franklin. An American
poet, author, and war correspondent; born at
Lowville, N. Y. , 1819; died at Cleveland, O. ,
1887. He wrote: Pictures of Life in Camp
and Field) (1871); (The World on Wheels)
(1874); "Song of Yesterday) (1877); (Between
the Gates) (1878); "Summer Savory) (1879);
(Dulce Domum! (1884); (Theophilus Trent'
(1887).
Taylor, Sir Henry. An English poet of
celebrity ; born at Bishop-Middleham, Durham,
Oct. 18, 1800; died March 28, 1886. In 1824
he became editor of the London Magazine,
and obtained a position in the Colonial Office,
which he retained until 1872. His dramatic
works are : (Isaac Comnenus) (1827); “Philip
van Artevelde) (1834), his best ; (Edwin the
Fair) (1842); (The Virgin Widow) (1850); and
(St. Clement's Eve! (18 He published
several volumes of essays, -" The Statesman'
>
## p. 517 (#533) ############################################
TAYLOR:
517
(1836), Notes from Life) (1847), «Notes from
Books) (1849); also (The Eve of the Con-
quest, and Other Poems) (1847); and his (Au-
tobiography) (1885). In 1888 his Letters)
appeared, edited by Dowden. *
Taylor, Isaac (known as Taylor of Ongar).
An English minister and author; born in Lon-
don, in 1759; died at Ongar, Dec. II, 1829.
He was originally an engraver. Besides ser-
mons, he published many volumes, chiefly for
the young; among which are: (Advice to the
Teens); (Beginnings of British Biography);
(Beginnings of European Biography); (Bi-
ography of a Brown Loaf); (Book of Martyrs
for the Young); Bunyan Explained to a
Child); (Child's Life of Christ); (Mirabilia;
or, The Wonders of Nature and Art); (Scenes
in America, in Asia, in Europe, in Foreign
Lands. )
Taylor, Isaac. An English author, son of
Isaac Taylor of Ongar; born at Lavenham,
Suffolk, Aug. 17, 1787; died at Ongar, June 28,
1865. Besides contributing to the Eclectic
Review, he published many books, including:
Elements of Thought! (1823); History of
the Transmission of Ancient Books to Mod-
ern Times) (1827); “The Process of Historical
Proof Exemplified and Explained' (1828);
Natural History of Enthusiasm (1829);
Physical Theory of Another Life) (1836);
(Loyola and Jesuitism in its Rudiments) (1849).
In 1862 a pension of £,100 was bestowed upon
him from the civil-service fund «in public ac-
knowledgment of his eminent services to litera-
ture, especially in the departments of history
and philosophy, during more than forty years. ”
Taylor, Isaac. An English clergyman and
writer, grandson of Isaac Taylor of Ongar;
born at Stanford Rivers, May 2, 1829; a canon
of York. He has written: 'Words and Places,
an explanation of the local names in Great
Britain (1864, 3 eds. since); “The Family Pen:
Memorials Biographical and Literary of the
Taylor Family of Ongar) (1867); “The Alpha-
bet: An Account of the Origin and Develop-
ment of Letters) (1883); (The Manx Runcs)
(1886); (The Origin of the Aryans) (1890),
summing up the evidence, especially that of
philology and craniology, against the Central-
Asian theory.
Taylor, Isidore Justin Séverin, Baron
(ti'ler or tā'ler). A French dramatist and
writer of books of travel; born at Brussels,
1789; died at Paris, Sept. 8, 1879. Among his
dramatic compositions are: (The Informer);
( Ismail and Marie. ) He wrote also: Pict-
uresque Tour in Spain, Portugal, and the Coast
of Africa) (3 vols. , 1826–32); (Syria, Egypt,
Palestine, and Judea) (3 vols. , 1835-39); Pil-
grimage to Jerusalem (1841); (The Pyrenees)
(1843); and 24 vols. of Picturesque and Ro-
mantic Travels in Ancient France) (1820-63).
Taylor, Jeremy. A celebrated English theo-
logical writer; born August 1613, at Cam-
bridge; died at Lisburn, Ireland, Aug. 13, 1667.
During the civil wars he was chaplain to
Charles I. , who had the degree of D. D. con-
ferred on him for his treatise (Episcopacy As-
serted against the Acephali and Arians New
and Old. In 1658 he became bishop of Down
and Connor in Ireland, and labored earnestly
for the establishment of the Protestant Church
there. Besides his sermons, his principal works
are: (Discourse on the Liberty of Prophesy-
ing) (1647); “The Great Exemplar of Sanctity
and Holy Life (1649); (The Rule and Exer-
cise of Holy Living (1650); (The Rule and
Exercise of Holy Dying) (1651); Ductor Du-
bitantium,' a work on casuistry: *
Taylor, John. An English poet; born in
Gloucestershire, August 1580; died in London,
1654. He followed the occupation of water-
man during a part of his life, and hence was
termed the water-poet. ” His productions, of
which about 140 are known to collectors, are
interesting, as they show the manners and cus-
toms of the times. They are remarkable for the
eccentricity of their titles, as, (Taylor's Re-
venge; or, The Rimer, William Fennor, Firkt,
Ferrited, and Finely Fetched over the Coals)
(1615); (The Pennyles Pilgrimage; or, The
Moneylesse Perambulation of John Taylor,
alias the King's Majestie's Water-Poet, from
London to Edinborough on Foot) (1618).
Taylor, Philip Meadows. An English soldier
and author; born in Liverpool, Sept. 25, 1808;
died in Mentone, France, May 13, 1876. He
spent a great part of his life in India, in the
army and other government service, and mar-
ried an Indian princess. He was the author
of: (Confessions of a Thug) (1839, new ed.
1858); (Tippoo Sultaun: A Tale of the Mysore
War) (1840); Notices of Cromlechs, Cairns,
and Other Ancient Scytho-Druidical Remains
in the Principality of Sorapur) (1853); “Tara:
A Mahratta Tale) (1863); (The Student's Man.
ual of the History of India, from the Earliest
Period to the Present) (1870); and other works.
Taylor, Thomas. An English author styled
(the Platonist”; born in London, May 15,
1758; died there, Nov. I, 1835. His works com-
prise 63 vols. , of which 23 are large quartos.
Among them are treatises on arithmetic and
geometry; on the Eleusinian and Bacchic mys-
teries; an essay on the Rights of Brutes, in
ridicule of Thomas Paine's (Rights of Man);
a (History of the Restoration of the Platonic
Theology); and a volume of (Miscellanies in
Prose and Verse. ) His main labor was the
translating of great classical Greek and Latin
works. His translation of Plato was in 5 vols. ,
and was printed at the expense of the Duke
of Norfolk. Of his translation of Aristotle only
fifty complete copies were struck off; the ex-
pense being defrayed by W. Meredith, a retired
tradesman.
Taylor, Tom. A British dramatist; born at
Sunderland, Durham, in 1817; died at Wands.
worth, July 12, 1880. He edited Punch in 1874-
80; was art critic to the London Times and
(
## p. 518 (#534) ############################################
518
TAYLOR – TENNANT
Graphic, and produced more than 100 dramatic
pieces. Among them are: (Still Waters Run
Deep'; (The Unequal Match'; (The Over-
land Route); (The Contested Election); Our
American Cousin); “The Ticket-of-Leave Man. '
He translated from the French of Villemarqué
(The Ballads and Songs of Brittany); and
published Life and Times of Sir Joshua Rey.
nolds) (1865).
Taylor, William. An American evangelist,
missionary bishop in Africa, and author; born
1821. He wrote: (California Life Illustrated);
(Seven Years' Street Preaching in San Fran-
cisco) (1856); Model Preacher) (1860); (Four
Years' Campaign in India (1875).
Tchernytchevskiï, Nikolai Gavrilovich
(cher-ne-chev'skē)A Russian miscellaneous
writer ; born at Saratov, July 1, 1828; died there,
Oct. 29, 1889. He translated into Russian J. S.
Mill's Principles of Political Economy, mak-
ing considerable additions to the first volume.
While in prison as a suspect he wrote the
novel “What's to be Done ? ) (1863), which
won for him deportation to Siberia. It has
been translated into English. In 1883 he was
allowed to live in Astrakhan, and was par-
doned in 1889.
Teellinck, Evald (tāʻlink). A notable Dutch
anti-papal polemist; born at Zierickzee about
1570; died 1629. He wrote some 20 books,
most of them attacking the papal system.
Among them are: (The Paw of the Beast);
(The Plain Mark of Antichrist); (Bileam ; or,
The Blind Papist. ?
Tegnér, Esaias (teng-nır'). A Swedish poet;
born at Kyrkerud, Wermland, Sweden, Nov.
13, 1782; died at Wexio, Nov. 2, 1846. His
most celebrated work is the epic (Frithiof's
Saga) (1825), a collection of ballads which has
been translated into every European language.
He also wrote a poem, "Svea) (1811), which
was crowned by the Swedish Academy ; (Natt-
värdsbarned) (translated by Longfellow, under
the title (The Children of the Lord's Supper);
(Axel,' a poem of the time of Charles XII.
(Collected Works, Stockholm, 7 vols. , 1847–
51; additional 3 vols. , 1873-74). *
Teleki, Joseph, Count (tel-ek'ē). A Hun-
garian statesman and historian; born Oct. 24,
1790 ; died at Pesth, Feb. 16, 1855. His principal
work is (The Period of the Hunyads in Hun-
gary (5 vols. , with 3 supplementary vols. of
documentary matter, 1852-55).
Téllez, Gabriel, Maestro Fray (tel'yáth).
[“ Tirso de Molina. ”] A Spanish dramatist;
born in Madrid, some time between 1570 and
1585; died in Soria, about 1648. He is said to
have written about 300 plays, but only 59 are
extant. The most famous is 'El Burlador de
Sevilla. He wrote several autos or religious
pieces; and two collections of stories after the
fashion of the "Decameron,' - the (Cigarrales
de Toledo) (1621 or 1624), and (Deleitar Apro-
vechando) (unfinished, 1625).
Telmann, Konrad (telmän). A German
poet and story-writer; born at Stettin, Nov. 26,
1854; died at Rome, Jan. 23, 1897. His princi-
pal works are : In Solitude) (1876); Waves
of Ocean (1884); (In Pomerania) (2 vols. ,
1875), a collection of stories; “Dissonances and
Accords) (1888), stories; (Sicilian Stories)
(1889); (Athwart Life) (1890); “Dark Depths)
(1895); the novels (In the Flush of Morning
(1880), “Væ Victis) (1886), “On the Sirens' Isle,
Capri (1889), “Of the Lineage of the Icaridæ
(1891), "Vox Populi? (1897); etc.
Temme, Jodocus Donatus Hubert (tem'e).
A German jurist and story-writer; born at
Lette in Westphalia, 1798; died at Zürich,
Nov. 14, 1881. Among his stories are : 'German
Tales of Crime) (in two series, comprising 14
vols. ); Darksome Ways) (3 vols. , 1862–63);
(The Black Village) (3 vols. , 1863); (The Na-
tive Land) (3 vols. , 1868).
Tempeltey, Eduard (tem-pel'ti). A German
poet; born at Berlin, Oct. 13, 1832. His two
dramas, Clytemnestra) (1857), and Here
Guelph, Here Ghibellin ! ) (1859) were received
with extraordinary favor. Among his other
dramas is Cromwell (1882), which was also
remarkably successful. He wrote also a chap-
let of songs, Mariengarn) (1866), the theme
of which is love in all its phases.
Tencin, Claudine-Alexandrine Guérin de
(ten-san'). A French writer; born at Grenoble
in 1681 ; died Dec. 4, 1749. She was the friend
of Fontenelle, Marmontel, Bolingbroke, and
other noted men, and the mother of D'Alem-
bert. Among her writings are: “The Siege of
Calais); (The Misfortunes of Love); (Anec.
dotes of the Court and Reign of Edward II. ';
and “The Count of Comminges,' which is prob-
ably her best book.
Ten Kate, Jan Jacob Lodewijk (ten kä'tė).
A Dutch poet and theologian; born at The
Hague, Dec. 23, 1819. In 1836 his first volume
of poems, entitled (Gedichten,' appeared. In
1837, with a friend, he published a translation
of the (Odes) of Anacreon, the first of a long
series of translations that have distinguished
him among modern Dutch poets. Among these
may be mentioned that of Byron's (Giaour);
Tasso's (Gerusalemme Liberata) (1856); Teg.
nér's (Frithiof's Saga' (1861); Schiller's (Marie
Stuart) (1866); La Fontaine's (Fables); Dan.
te's Inferno) (1876); Milton's Paradise Lost)
(1880). Among his original works are various
collections of poems, and many treatises of a
religious or philosophical character, some in
prose; Dead and Alive) (1856); (The Crea-
tion (1860; English translation by Rev. D. Van
de Pelt, 1888); « The Planets) (1869); (Eunoë)
(1874); (Palm Leaves and Flowers of Poesy)
(1884).
Tennant, William. A Scottish Oriental
scholar; born at Anstruther, Fifeshire, May
15, 1784; died near Dollar, Feb. 15, 1848. He
was professor of Oriental languages at St.
Andrews University from 1834. He published:
## p. 519 (#535) ############################################
TENNEMANN - TERTULLIAN
519
3
(
(The Anster Concert) (1811), and Anster
Fair, both poems descriptive of rural Scottish
life; several later poems and dramas; a (Syr-
iac and Chaldee Grammar) (1840); a "Life of
Allan Ramsay) (1808); and numerous contribu-
tions to periodicals, including translations from
Oriental poets.
