sum
sometimes
= _this, that, the
afore-mentioned_: nom.
afore-mentioned_: nom.
Beowulf
_), 1119; gamen eft
ā-stāh (_joy again went up, resounded_), 1161; wudu-rēc ā-stāh sweart of
swioðole, 3145; swēg up ā-stāg, 783.
ge-stīgan, _to ascend, go up_: pret. sg. þā ic on holm ge-stāh, 633.
storm, st. m. , _storm_: nom. sg. strǣla storm (_storm of missiles_), 3118;
instr. sg. holm storme wēol (_the sea billowed stormily_), 1132.
stōl, st. m. , _chair, throne, seat_: in comp. brego-, ēðel-, gif-,
gum-stōl.
stōw, st. f. , _place, -stow_: nom. sg. nis þæt hēoru stōw (_a haunted
spot_), 1373; acc. sg. frēcne stōwe, 1379; grund-būendra gearwe stōwe _(the
place prepared for men_, i. e. death-bed; see gesacan and ge-nȳdan), 1007:
comp. wæl-stow.
strang, strong, adj. , _strong; valiant; mighty_: nom. sg. wæs þæt ge-win tō
strang (_that sorrow was too great_), 133; þū eart mægenes strang (_strong
of body_), 1845; wæs sīo hond tō strong (_the hand was too powerful_),
2685; superl. wigena strengest (_strongest of warriors_), 1544; mægenes
strengest (_strongest in might_), 196; mægene strengest, 790.
strādan? (cf. strǣde = passus, gressus), _to tread_, (be)-_stride, stride
over_ (Grein): subj. pres. sē þone wong strāde, 3074. See Note.
strǣl, st. m. , _arrow, missile_: instr. sg. biteran strǣle, 1747; gen. pl.
strǣla storm, 3118.
strǣt, st. f. , _street, highway_: nom. sg. , 320; acc. sg. strǣte, 1635;
fealwe strǣte, 917. --Comp. : lagu-, mere-strǣt.
strengel, st. m. , (_endowed with strength_), _ruler, chief_: acc. sg.
wigena strengel, 3116.
strengo, st. f. , _strength, power, violence_: acc. sg. mægenes strenge,
1271; dat. sg. strenge, 1534; strengo, 2541;--dat. pl. strengum =
_violently, powerfully_ [_loosed from the strings_? ], 3118: in comp.
hilde-, mægen-, mere-strengo.
strēgan (O. S. strōwian), w. v. , _to strew, spread_: pret. part, wæs þǣm
yldestan . . . morðorbed strēd (_the death-bed was spread for the eldest
one_), 2437.
strēam, st. m. , _stream, flood, sea_: acc. sg. strēam, 2546; nom. pl.
strēamas, 212; acc. pl. strēamas, 1262: comp. brim-, ēagor-, firgen-,
lagu-strēam.
ge-strēon (cf. strēon = robur, vis), st. n. , _property, possessions_;
hence, _valuables, treasure, jewels_: nom. pl. Heaðo-beardna ge-strēon
(_the costly treasure of the Heathobeardas_, i. e. the accoutrements
belonging to the slain H. ), 2038; acc. pl. æðelinga, eorla ge-strēon, 1921,
3168. --Comp. : ǣr-, eald-, eorl-, hēah-, hord-, long-, māðm-, sinc-,
þēod-ge-strēon.
strūdan, st. v. , _to plunder, carry off_: subj. pres. næs þā on hlytme hwā
þæt hord strude, 3127.
ge-strȳnan, w. v. w. acc. , _to acquire, gain_: inf. þæs þe (_because_) ic
mōste mīnum lēodum . . . swylc ge-strȳnan, 2799.
stund, st. f. , _time, space of time, while_: adv. dat. pl. stundum (_at
times_), 1424.
styrian, w. v. w. acc. : 1) _to arrange, put in order, tell_: inf. secg eft
on-gan sīð Bēowulfes snyttrum styrian (_the poet then began to tell B. 's
feat skilfully_, i. e. put in poetic form), 873. --2) _to rouse, stir up_:
pres. sg. III. þonne wind styreð lāð ge-widru (_when the wind stirreth up
the loathly weather_), 1375. --3) _to move against, attack, disturb_: subj.
pres. þæt hē . . . hring-sele hondum styrede (_that he should attack the
ring-hall with his hands_), 2841.
styrman, w. v. , _to rage, cry out_: pret. sg. styrmde, 2553.
stȳle, st. n. , _steel_: dat. sg. stȳle, 986.
stȳl-ecg, adj. , _steel-edged_: nom. sg. , 1534.
be-stȳman, w. v. , _to inundate, wet, flood_: pret. part. (wǣron) eal
benc-þelu blōde be-stȳmed, 486.
suhtor-ge-fæderan (collective), w. m. pl. , _uncle and nephew, father's
brother and brother's son_: nom. pl. , 1165.
sum, pron. : 1) indef. , _one, a, any, a certain_; neut. _something_: a)
without part. gen. : nom. sg. sum, 1252; hilde-rinc sum, 3125; neut. ne
sceal þǣr dyrne sum wesan (_naught there shall be hidden_), 271; acc. sg.
m. sumne, 1433; instr. sg. sume worde (_by a word, expressly_), 2157; nom.
pl. sume, 400, 1114; acc. pl. sume, 2941. b) with part. gen. : nom. sg.
gumena sum (_one of men, a man_), 1500, 2302; mere-hrægla sum, 1906; þæt
wæs wundra sum, 1608; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, 676. c) with gen. of
cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fīftȳna sum (_one of fifteen,
with fourteen companions_), 207; so, eahta sum, 3124; fēara sum (_one of
few, with a few_), 1413; acc. sg. manigra sumne (_one of many, with many_),
2092; manna cynnes sumne (_one of the men_), i. e. one of the watchmen in
Heorot), 714; fēara sumne (_some few, one of few_; or, _one of the foes_? ),
3062. --2) with part. gen.
sum sometimes = _this, that, the
afore-mentioned_: nom. sg. ēower sum (_a certain one, that one, of you_,
i. e. Bēowulf), 248; gūð-beorna sum (_the afore-mentioned warrior_, i. e. who
had shown the way to Hrōðgār's palace), 314; eorla sum (_the said knight_,
i. e. Bēowulf), 1313; acc. sg. hord-ærna sum (_a certain hoard-hall_), 2280.
sund, st. m. : 1) _swimming_: acc. sg. ymb sund, 507; dat. sg. æt sunde (_in
swimming_), 517; on sunde (_a-swimming_), 1619; gen. sg. sundes, 1437. --2)
_sea, ocean, sound_: nom. sg. , 223; acc. sg. sund, 213, 512, 539, 1427,
1445.
ge-sund, adj. , _sound, healthy, unimpaired_: acc. sg. m. ge-sundne, 1629,
1999; nom. pl. ge-sunde, 2076; acc. pl. w. gen. fæder alwalda . . . ēowic
ge-healde sīða ge-sunde (_the almighty Father keep you safe and sound on
your journey! _), 318. --Comp. an-sund.
sund-ge-bland, st. n. , (_the commingled sea_), _sea-surge, sea-wave_: acc.
sg. , 1451.
sund-nyt, st. f. , _swimming-power_ or _employment, swimming_: acc. sg.
sund-nytte drēah (_swam through the sea_), 2361.
sundur, sundor, adv. , _asunder, in twain_: sundur gedǣlan (_to separate,
sunder_), 2423.
sundor-nyt, st. f. , _special service_ (service in a special case): acc. sg.
sundor-nytte, 668.
sund-wudu, st. m. , (_sea-wood_), _ship_: nom. acc. sg. sund-wudu, 208,
1907.
sunne, w. f. , _sun_: nom. sg. , 607; gen. sg. sunnan, 94, 649.
sunu, st. m. , _son_: nom. sg. , 524, 591, 646, 981, 1090, 1486, etc. ; acc.
sg. sunu, 268, 948, 1116, 1176, 1809, 2014, 2120; dat. sg. suna, 344, 1227,
2026, 2161, 2730; gen. sg. suna, 2456, 2613, (1279); nom. pl. suna, 2381.
sūð, adv. , _south, southward_, 859.
sūðan, adv. , _from the south_, 607; sigel sūðan fūs (_the sun inclined from
the south_), 1967.
swaðrian, w. v. , _to sink to rest, grow calm_: brimu swaðredon (_the waves
became calm_), 570. See sweðrian.
swaðu, st. f. , _trace, track, pathway_: acc. sg. swaðe, 2099. --Comp. :
swāt-, wald-swaðu.
swaðul, st. m. ? n. ? , _smoke, mist_ (Dietrich in Haupt V. 215): dat. sg. on
swaðule, 783. See sweoðol.
swancor, adj. , _slender, trim_: acc. pl. þrīo wicg swancor, 2176.
swan-rād, st. f. , _swan-road, sea_: acc. sg. ofer swan-rāde, 200.
and-swarian, w. v. , _to answer_: pret. sg. him se yldesta and-swarode, 258;
so, 340.
swā: 1) demons, adv. , _so, in such a manner, thus_: swā sceal man dōn,
1173, 1535; swā þā driht-guman drēamum lifdon, 99; þæt ge-æfndon swā (_that
we thus accomplished_), 538; þǣr hīe meahton (i. e. feorh ealgian), 798; so,
20, 144, 189, 559, 763, 1104, 1472, 1770, 2058, 2145, 2178, 2991; swā
manlīce _(so like a man_), 1047; swā fela (_so many_), 164, 592; swā
dēorlīce dǣd (_so valiant a deed_), 585; hine swā gōdne (_him so good_),
347; on swā geongum feore (_in so youthful age_), 1844; ge-dēð him swā
ge-wealdene worolde dǣlas þæt . . . (_makes parts of the world so subject to
him that_. . . ), 1733. In comparisons = _ever, the_ (adv. ): mē þīn mōd-sefa
līcað leng swā wēl (_thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the
better_), 1855. As an asseverative = _so_: swā mē Higelāc sīe . . . mōdes
blīðe (_so be Higelac gracious-minded to me! _), 435; swā þēah
(_nevertheless, however_), 973, 1930, 2879; swā þēh, 2968; hwæðre swā þēah
(_yet however_), 2443. --2): a) conj. , _as, so as_: oð þæt his byre mihte
eorlscipe efnan swā his ǣrfæder (_until his son might do noble deeds, as
his old father did_), 2623; eft swā ǣr (_again as before_), 643;--with
indic. : swā hē selfa bæd (_as he himself requested_), 29; swā hē oft dyde
(_as he often did_), 444; gǣð ā Wyrd swā hīo sceal, 455; swā guman
gefrungon, 667; so, 273, 352, 401, 561, 1049, 1056, 1059, 1135, 1232, 1235,
1239, 1253, 1382, etc. ;--with subj. : swā þīn sefa hwette _(as pleases thy
mind_, i. e. any way thou pleasest), 490. b) _as, as then, how_, 1143; swā
hīe ā wǣron . . . nȳd-gesteallan (_as they were ever comrades in need_),
882; swā hit dīope . . . be-nemdon þēodnas mǣre (_as, [how? ] the mighty
princes had deeply cursed it_), 3070; swā hē manna wæs wīgend weorðfullost
(_as he of men the worthiest warrior was_), 3099. c) _just as, the moment
when_: swā þæt blōd gesprang, 1668. d) _so that_: swā hē ne mihte nō (_so
that he might not. . . _), 1509; so, 2185, 2007. --3) = qui, quae, quod, German
so: worhte wlite-beorhtne wang swā wæter bebūgeð (_wrought the beauteous
plain which_ (acc. ) _water surrounds_), 93. --4) swā . . . swā = _so . . . as_,
595, 687-8, 3170; efne swā . . . swā (_even so . . . as_), 1093-4, 1224, 1284;
efne swā hwylc mægða swā (_such a woman as, whatsoever woman_), 944; efne
swā hwylcum manna swā (_even so to each man as_), 3058.
for-swāfan, st. v. , _to carry away, sweep off_: pret. sg. ealle Wyrd
for-swēof mīne māgas tō metod-sceafte, 2815.
for-swāpan, st. v. , _to sweep off, force_: pret. sg. hīe Wyrd forswēop on
Grendles gryre, 477.
swāt, st. m. , (_sweat_), _wound-blood_: nom. sg. , 2694, 2967; instr. sg.
swāte, 1287. --Comp. heaðo-, hilde-swāt.
swāt-fāh, adj. , _blood-stained_: nom. sg. , 1112.
swātig, adj.
ā-stāh (_joy again went up, resounded_), 1161; wudu-rēc ā-stāh sweart of
swioðole, 3145; swēg up ā-stāg, 783.
ge-stīgan, _to ascend, go up_: pret. sg. þā ic on holm ge-stāh, 633.
storm, st. m. , _storm_: nom. sg. strǣla storm (_storm of missiles_), 3118;
instr. sg. holm storme wēol (_the sea billowed stormily_), 1132.
stōl, st. m. , _chair, throne, seat_: in comp. brego-, ēðel-, gif-,
gum-stōl.
stōw, st. f. , _place, -stow_: nom. sg. nis þæt hēoru stōw (_a haunted
spot_), 1373; acc. sg. frēcne stōwe, 1379; grund-būendra gearwe stōwe _(the
place prepared for men_, i. e. death-bed; see gesacan and ge-nȳdan), 1007:
comp. wæl-stow.
strang, strong, adj. , _strong; valiant; mighty_: nom. sg. wæs þæt ge-win tō
strang (_that sorrow was too great_), 133; þū eart mægenes strang (_strong
of body_), 1845; wæs sīo hond tō strong (_the hand was too powerful_),
2685; superl. wigena strengest (_strongest of warriors_), 1544; mægenes
strengest (_strongest in might_), 196; mægene strengest, 790.
strādan? (cf. strǣde = passus, gressus), _to tread_, (be)-_stride, stride
over_ (Grein): subj. pres. sē þone wong strāde, 3074. See Note.
strǣl, st. m. , _arrow, missile_: instr. sg. biteran strǣle, 1747; gen. pl.
strǣla storm, 3118.
strǣt, st. f. , _street, highway_: nom. sg. , 320; acc. sg. strǣte, 1635;
fealwe strǣte, 917. --Comp. : lagu-, mere-strǣt.
strengel, st. m. , (_endowed with strength_), _ruler, chief_: acc. sg.
wigena strengel, 3116.
strengo, st. f. , _strength, power, violence_: acc. sg. mægenes strenge,
1271; dat. sg. strenge, 1534; strengo, 2541;--dat. pl. strengum =
_violently, powerfully_ [_loosed from the strings_? ], 3118: in comp.
hilde-, mægen-, mere-strengo.
strēgan (O. S. strōwian), w. v. , _to strew, spread_: pret. part, wæs þǣm
yldestan . . . morðorbed strēd (_the death-bed was spread for the eldest
one_), 2437.
strēam, st. m. , _stream, flood, sea_: acc. sg. strēam, 2546; nom. pl.
strēamas, 212; acc. pl. strēamas, 1262: comp. brim-, ēagor-, firgen-,
lagu-strēam.
ge-strēon (cf. strēon = robur, vis), st. n. , _property, possessions_;
hence, _valuables, treasure, jewels_: nom. pl. Heaðo-beardna ge-strēon
(_the costly treasure of the Heathobeardas_, i. e. the accoutrements
belonging to the slain H. ), 2038; acc. pl. æðelinga, eorla ge-strēon, 1921,
3168. --Comp. : ǣr-, eald-, eorl-, hēah-, hord-, long-, māðm-, sinc-,
þēod-ge-strēon.
strūdan, st. v. , _to plunder, carry off_: subj. pres. næs þā on hlytme hwā
þæt hord strude, 3127.
ge-strȳnan, w. v. w. acc. , _to acquire, gain_: inf. þæs þe (_because_) ic
mōste mīnum lēodum . . . swylc ge-strȳnan, 2799.
stund, st. f. , _time, space of time, while_: adv. dat. pl. stundum (_at
times_), 1424.
styrian, w. v. w. acc. : 1) _to arrange, put in order, tell_: inf. secg eft
on-gan sīð Bēowulfes snyttrum styrian (_the poet then began to tell B. 's
feat skilfully_, i. e. put in poetic form), 873. --2) _to rouse, stir up_:
pres. sg. III. þonne wind styreð lāð ge-widru (_when the wind stirreth up
the loathly weather_), 1375. --3) _to move against, attack, disturb_: subj.
pres. þæt hē . . . hring-sele hondum styrede (_that he should attack the
ring-hall with his hands_), 2841.
styrman, w. v. , _to rage, cry out_: pret. sg. styrmde, 2553.
stȳle, st. n. , _steel_: dat. sg. stȳle, 986.
stȳl-ecg, adj. , _steel-edged_: nom. sg. , 1534.
be-stȳman, w. v. , _to inundate, wet, flood_: pret. part. (wǣron) eal
benc-þelu blōde be-stȳmed, 486.
suhtor-ge-fæderan (collective), w. m. pl. , _uncle and nephew, father's
brother and brother's son_: nom. pl. , 1165.
sum, pron. : 1) indef. , _one, a, any, a certain_; neut. _something_: a)
without part. gen. : nom. sg. sum, 1252; hilde-rinc sum, 3125; neut. ne
sceal þǣr dyrne sum wesan (_naught there shall be hidden_), 271; acc. sg.
m. sumne, 1433; instr. sg. sume worde (_by a word, expressly_), 2157; nom.
pl. sume, 400, 1114; acc. pl. sume, 2941. b) with part. gen. : nom. sg.
gumena sum (_one of men, a man_), 1500, 2302; mere-hrægla sum, 1906; þæt
wæs wundra sum, 1608; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, 676. c) with gen. of
cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fīftȳna sum (_one of fifteen,
with fourteen companions_), 207; so, eahta sum, 3124; fēara sum (_one of
few, with a few_), 1413; acc. sg. manigra sumne (_one of many, with many_),
2092; manna cynnes sumne (_one of the men_), i. e. one of the watchmen in
Heorot), 714; fēara sumne (_some few, one of few_; or, _one of the foes_? ),
3062. --2) with part. gen.
sum sometimes = _this, that, the
afore-mentioned_: nom. sg. ēower sum (_a certain one, that one, of you_,
i. e. Bēowulf), 248; gūð-beorna sum (_the afore-mentioned warrior_, i. e. who
had shown the way to Hrōðgār's palace), 314; eorla sum (_the said knight_,
i. e. Bēowulf), 1313; acc. sg. hord-ærna sum (_a certain hoard-hall_), 2280.
sund, st. m. : 1) _swimming_: acc. sg. ymb sund, 507; dat. sg. æt sunde (_in
swimming_), 517; on sunde (_a-swimming_), 1619; gen. sg. sundes, 1437. --2)
_sea, ocean, sound_: nom. sg. , 223; acc. sg. sund, 213, 512, 539, 1427,
1445.
ge-sund, adj. , _sound, healthy, unimpaired_: acc. sg. m. ge-sundne, 1629,
1999; nom. pl. ge-sunde, 2076; acc. pl. w. gen. fæder alwalda . . . ēowic
ge-healde sīða ge-sunde (_the almighty Father keep you safe and sound on
your journey! _), 318. --Comp. an-sund.
sund-ge-bland, st. n. , (_the commingled sea_), _sea-surge, sea-wave_: acc.
sg. , 1451.
sund-nyt, st. f. , _swimming-power_ or _employment, swimming_: acc. sg.
sund-nytte drēah (_swam through the sea_), 2361.
sundur, sundor, adv. , _asunder, in twain_: sundur gedǣlan (_to separate,
sunder_), 2423.
sundor-nyt, st. f. , _special service_ (service in a special case): acc. sg.
sundor-nytte, 668.
sund-wudu, st. m. , (_sea-wood_), _ship_: nom. acc. sg. sund-wudu, 208,
1907.
sunne, w. f. , _sun_: nom. sg. , 607; gen. sg. sunnan, 94, 649.
sunu, st. m. , _son_: nom. sg. , 524, 591, 646, 981, 1090, 1486, etc. ; acc.
sg. sunu, 268, 948, 1116, 1176, 1809, 2014, 2120; dat. sg. suna, 344, 1227,
2026, 2161, 2730; gen. sg. suna, 2456, 2613, (1279); nom. pl. suna, 2381.
sūð, adv. , _south, southward_, 859.
sūðan, adv. , _from the south_, 607; sigel sūðan fūs (_the sun inclined from
the south_), 1967.
swaðrian, w. v. , _to sink to rest, grow calm_: brimu swaðredon (_the waves
became calm_), 570. See sweðrian.
swaðu, st. f. , _trace, track, pathway_: acc. sg. swaðe, 2099. --Comp. :
swāt-, wald-swaðu.
swaðul, st. m. ? n. ? , _smoke, mist_ (Dietrich in Haupt V. 215): dat. sg. on
swaðule, 783. See sweoðol.
swancor, adj. , _slender, trim_: acc. pl. þrīo wicg swancor, 2176.
swan-rād, st. f. , _swan-road, sea_: acc. sg. ofer swan-rāde, 200.
and-swarian, w. v. , _to answer_: pret. sg. him se yldesta and-swarode, 258;
so, 340.
swā: 1) demons, adv. , _so, in such a manner, thus_: swā sceal man dōn,
1173, 1535; swā þā driht-guman drēamum lifdon, 99; þæt ge-æfndon swā (_that
we thus accomplished_), 538; þǣr hīe meahton (i. e. feorh ealgian), 798; so,
20, 144, 189, 559, 763, 1104, 1472, 1770, 2058, 2145, 2178, 2991; swā
manlīce _(so like a man_), 1047; swā fela (_so many_), 164, 592; swā
dēorlīce dǣd (_so valiant a deed_), 585; hine swā gōdne (_him so good_),
347; on swā geongum feore (_in so youthful age_), 1844; ge-dēð him swā
ge-wealdene worolde dǣlas þæt . . . (_makes parts of the world so subject to
him that_. . . ), 1733. In comparisons = _ever, the_ (adv. ): mē þīn mōd-sefa
līcað leng swā wēl (_thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the
better_), 1855. As an asseverative = _so_: swā mē Higelāc sīe . . . mōdes
blīðe (_so be Higelac gracious-minded to me! _), 435; swā þēah
(_nevertheless, however_), 973, 1930, 2879; swā þēh, 2968; hwæðre swā þēah
(_yet however_), 2443. --2): a) conj. , _as, so as_: oð þæt his byre mihte
eorlscipe efnan swā his ǣrfæder (_until his son might do noble deeds, as
his old father did_), 2623; eft swā ǣr (_again as before_), 643;--with
indic. : swā hē selfa bæd (_as he himself requested_), 29; swā hē oft dyde
(_as he often did_), 444; gǣð ā Wyrd swā hīo sceal, 455; swā guman
gefrungon, 667; so, 273, 352, 401, 561, 1049, 1056, 1059, 1135, 1232, 1235,
1239, 1253, 1382, etc. ;--with subj. : swā þīn sefa hwette _(as pleases thy
mind_, i. e. any way thou pleasest), 490. b) _as, as then, how_, 1143; swā
hīe ā wǣron . . . nȳd-gesteallan (_as they were ever comrades in need_),
882; swā hit dīope . . . be-nemdon þēodnas mǣre (_as, [how? ] the mighty
princes had deeply cursed it_), 3070; swā hē manna wæs wīgend weorðfullost
(_as he of men the worthiest warrior was_), 3099. c) _just as, the moment
when_: swā þæt blōd gesprang, 1668. d) _so that_: swā hē ne mihte nō (_so
that he might not. . . _), 1509; so, 2185, 2007. --3) = qui, quae, quod, German
so: worhte wlite-beorhtne wang swā wæter bebūgeð (_wrought the beauteous
plain which_ (acc. ) _water surrounds_), 93. --4) swā . . . swā = _so . . . as_,
595, 687-8, 3170; efne swā . . . swā (_even so . . . as_), 1093-4, 1224, 1284;
efne swā hwylc mægða swā (_such a woman as, whatsoever woman_), 944; efne
swā hwylcum manna swā (_even so to each man as_), 3058.
for-swāfan, st. v. , _to carry away, sweep off_: pret. sg. ealle Wyrd
for-swēof mīne māgas tō metod-sceafte, 2815.
for-swāpan, st. v. , _to sweep off, force_: pret. sg. hīe Wyrd forswēop on
Grendles gryre, 477.
swāt, st. m. , (_sweat_), _wound-blood_: nom. sg. , 2694, 2967; instr. sg.
swāte, 1287. --Comp. heaðo-, hilde-swāt.
swāt-fāh, adj. , _blood-stained_: nom. sg. , 1112.
swātig, adj.
