No More Learning

, 506; reign, 468; orthodoxy of, 506;
and the insurrection at Jerusalem, 512;
517
Marcian, son of Anthemius, marries Leontia,
471 ; rebels, 476 ; imprisoned, ib. ; pro-
claimed emperor, 477
Marcianople, attacked by barbarians, 203,
206; Romans defeated at, 216, 233, 250;
Valens at, 221; treachery shewn to the
Goths at, 232 sq.
Marcomania, proposed new province, 200
Marcomanni, a tribe of Suebi, 189, 194; in
Bohemia, 195; 196 sqq. ; invade Roman
provinces, 199 ; subdued, 200; 202, 207;
under Attila, 361
Marcomir, leader of the Franks, 243, 256;
gives hostages, 244, 256 ; commands the
Chatti, 259 ; exiled, 260; 293, 295
513;
:


## p. 732 (#762) ############################################

732
Index
Marco Polo, cited, 339, 342, 350, 359
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Emperor, 1,
25, 33, 47, 77; and the German invasion,
198 sq. ; death of, 200; policy of, 206 ;
238 ; 569 sq.
Marcus, proclaimed emperor in Britain,
267 note, 380
Mardia, the plain of, battle on, 7
Mardin, 482
Mardonius, tutor to Julian, 63, 98 sq. , 103
Mare Suevicum. See Baltic Sea
Marga, Thomas of. See Thomas
Margus (Passarovitz), betrayed by the
bishop to the Huns, 363
Margus (Passarovitz), Bishop of, and Attila,
362; betrays Margus to the Huns, 363
Margus, River. See Morava
Maria, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 264 ; dies, 268
Marina, daughter of Arcadius, 462; and
Nestorius, 499, 502
Marinus, minister of Anastasius I, and
financial reform, 483; hostility of the
mob to, 485
Marinus, tribune, 64
Maris, Bishop of Chalcedon, and Julian,
135
Maritza, River (Hebrus), Gothic colonists
on, 239; Goths defeated on, 250, 258;
Theodosius defeated on, 258; 474
Maritza Pass, army of Valens in, 234
Marius, C. , defeats the Cimbri, 193; 434
Mark, St, ordinance of, 160; importance of
church of Alexandria due to, 171, 507
Marmora (Propontis), 17, 56, 63; Heruli
on, 205 ; 251; nomads winter by, 358;
462 ; pirates in, 465
Marmoutier, monastery of St Martin at,
534
Mars, 95; Julian revives worship of, 107;
identical with Thunor or Ti, 386
Marseilles, as seat of learning, 88; Ataulf
fails to take, 277, 402; taken by Goths,
284, 430 ; beginnings of monachism at,
534
Marseilles, Bishop of. See Proculus
Marsus, Roman general, 113; leads cam-
paign against the Vandals in Africa, 311;
and Illus, 477 ; death, 478
Martianus, general of Constantius, 75
Martin, Bishop of Braga in Spain, Capitula
of, 181 ; fosters monachism, 532
Martin, St, Bishop of Tours, 152; biography
of, cited, 153; monastic foundations of,
Mascezel, Moorish prince, drives out his
usurping brother, 263
Massagetae, the, invade Persia, 59; cannibal
customs of, 349
Maternus, Julius Firmicus, cited, 92
Matronianus, brother-in-law of Illus, con.
veys Verina to Tarsus, 476 ; accompanies
Illus to Antioch, 477 ; shut out of Edessa,
478
Matterhorn, the, 4
Matthew, St, discovery of autograph of
Gospel of, 175
Mauretania, church councils for, 164; 262;
coast infested by Vandals, 305, 409; 307;
laid waste before the Roman advance,
309; conquered by Moors, 314 ; ceded to
Vandals, 411, 413; slave trade in, 548
Mauretania Caesariensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Sitifensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Tingitana, ceded to Vandals,
307; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
Vandals land in, 409
Mauriacus, battle of, 280, 297, 364, 416,
418, 421; site, 416 note
Maurice, Eastern Emperor, 484
Maurus, St, 541
Maxentius, Emperor, 3; defeat and death
of, 4; 5, 31 ; debases the coinage, 40; 44
Maximian (Maximianus I), Emperor, ab-
dicates, 2; 3, 15, 16; successes against
barbarians, 207; Carausius claims to be
colleague of, 377
Maximian, Bishop of Constantinople, ap.
pointed on deprivation of Nestorius, 501
Maximianus, Cornelius, poetry of, 449
Maximin (Galerius Valerius Maximinus,
called Daza or Daia), Emperor, 3; treat-
ment of Christians by, 4 sqq. ; defeat
and death of, 6; 9, 15, 17, 22 ; 79 sq. ;
attempts to organise pagan religions, 107;
drives back barbarians, 201
Maximin, imperial envoy, takes hostages of
the Blemmyes, 468
Maximinus, praefect of Illyricum, 229;
ill-treats the Goths, 232
Maximus, made emperor in Spain by
Gerontius, 274, 400
Maximus, Cn. Mallius, consul, defeated,
192
Maximus, Magnus Clemens, proclaimed
534
emperor in Britain, 238, 255, 379;
defeats Gratian, ib. ; attempts to entrap
Valentinian II, 239; refuses burial in
Italy for corpse of Gratian, 240; 241 ;
makes war on Valentinian II, 242;
defeated and slain, 243, 255 sq. ; charac-
ter, ib. ; 244, 383 note
Maximus, Petronius, made emperor, 281,
308, 397, 420; and the murder of
Valentinian III, 398, 419 and note; plans
the death of Aëtius, 418; death, 421
Martin of Bracara, Homilies of, 115
Martinianus, officer of Licinius, made
magister officiorum, 8
Martinianus, officer of Zeno, made magister
militum, 474; 475
Martyria, Christian tomb chambers, 609
Martyrium (Great Church), at Jerusalem,
plan of, 609
Martyropolis, betrayed to Persia, 481
Marus, River. See March


## p. 733 (#763) ############################################

Index
733
Michael (VIII) Palaeologus, Eastern Em.
peror, 19
Maximus, Bishop of Antioch, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508; appointment, 514; de-
position, ib.
Maximus of Turin, Homilies of, 115
Maximus, philosopher, 64, 78; thaumaturgic
séances of, 100; Julian writes to, 102;
106; distrusted by Valentinian, 219;
conspires against Valens, 226
Mayenne, River, 299
Mazaca. See Caesarea in Cappadocia
Mazices, eastern tribe, raid Libya, 483
Mecklenburg, Teutons in, 186
Media, 82; the Scythian invasion of, 354;
361
Medieval History, epoch of beginning of, 1
Mediterranean Sea, Vandals on, 306, 309
sqq. , 412; Vandal rule in islands of,
320; 379; 405; 411
Megara, taken by Goths, 261, 457
Megarians, the, 17
Melania, Roman lady, monastery founded
by, 526; establishes sisterhood in
Palestine, 531
Melania, granddaughter of above, 526
Melanthias, Valens at, 234
Melas, River, 458
Melchiades. See Miltiades
Meletian schism, the, 12, 14
Meletius, Bishop of Antioch, 134 sqq. , 138;
presides at Council of Constantinople
(381), 141
Melitene, Eugenius at, 481; Patricius at,
482
Melito, Bishop of Sardis, 164
Memnon, Bishop of Ephesus, at the
Council of Ephesus, 174, 501
Menapii, Keltic tribe, 188
Mendip Hills, the, government of, in
Roman times, 372
Mensurius, Bishop of Carthage, 12
Mercia, kingdom of, 389; expansion of,
390
Mercurii Promontorium. See Bon (Cape)
Mercurius, 97
Mercury, Roman deacon, 154 sq.
Merida, Sueves defeated near, 305; taken
by Rechiar, 413
Merobaudes, his panegyric of Aëtius cited,
411, 418
Merobaudes, Roman general, saves Romanus
from justice, 228; and the succession
question, 231; murder of, 242
Merovech, King of the Salian Franks, 296;
legend of the birth of, 297 sq. ; 300
Merwings, long hair worn by, 317
Mesopotamia, 22, 71 sq. , 82, 85, 136 ;
invaded by Scythians, 354; 464; Roman
army in, 481 sq. ; revolt in, 513 sq. ;
growth of asceticism in, 526; 527
Messalian monks (Euchitae), 527
Metamorphoses, the, of Apuleius, 90
Metz (Divodurum), Julian passes through,
66; 69; 209 note ; holds out against the
Franks, 300; 411; sacked by Attila, 416
Meuse, River, 69, 209, 296
Middle Anglia, 389; absorbed by Mercia,
390
Middlesex, Roman troops in, 368; probably
not a separate kingdom, 389
Miklagard (Constantinople), 18
Milan, Constantine at, 5; edict of, 5 sq. ,
20, 134 ; Donatists appeal to Constantine
at, 12; 16, 32, 43, 50; Constantius at,
61, 63; Julian in ward at, 64 ; 65 sq. ;
71; as seat of learning, 88; 101 ;
Eugenius at, 115 ; council at (355), 131 ;
prominence of church of, 172; 182 ;
defeat of Alemanni near, 201; Valentinian
at, 219, 222, 227, 229; election of
Ambrose at, 239; 240, 242; Theodosius
at, 243, 257; Ambrose withdraws from,
244 ; penance of Theodosius at, 245;
death of Theodosius at, 247, 259; Alaric
threatens, 264 sq. ; sacked by Huns,
417; Ricimer collects troops at, 427; re-
taken by Odovacar, 439; 448; monastery
of Ambrose at, 531 sq. ; Augustine at,
571; ivory book-cover in Collection at,
605 ; church of the Apostles built at, 610
Milan, Bishops of. See Ambrose, Dionysius,
Laurentius
Miletus, trade in purple fabrics of, 549;
remains of church at, 611
Milevis, Bishop of. See Optatus
Miltiades (Melchiades), Bishop of Rome, 12
Mincio, River, Attila camps on, 365
Minerva, Julian revives worship of, 107 ;
statue of, at Athens, 113
Minervina, wife of Constantine, 2, 15
Misenum, Cape, 434
Misopogon, Julian's, 81
Mithras, worship and mysteries of, 9, 11,
569; Julian and, 64, 101, 105; 89;
originates in Persia, 90; 95, 105, 107,
112, 114
Mithridates, King of Pontus, 85; Bastarnae
allied with, 191
Mittenberg, 189 sq.
Mitylene (Lesbos), 17
Modares, barbarian prince, sent by Theo-
dosius against the Goths, 236
Modena, clothing trade of, 549
Moesia, 19, 56; plundered by Goths, 203,
205 sq. , 216, 252 ; Tervingi settled in,
210; devastated by Quadi, 229; 235 ;
Theodosius in command in, 253; colonies
of Goths in, 254, 260, 456, 458; 363; Theo.
dorio in, 437 sq. , 477; Theodemir and,
471 ; Vitalianus seizes fortresses in, 486
Moesia, duke of, bribed by Vitalianus, 485
Mogontiacum, Ambrose at, 239
Moin, ancient name of the Main, 186 note
Mongolia, cattle-breeding in, 331; 336
Mongols, devastation wrought by, 328;
personal appearance, 332; government,
334; customs, 336 sqq. , 355 ; under
Chinghiz Khan, 350; 359
Monica, mother of Augustine, 597


## p. 734 (#764) ############################################

734
Index
316;
Monmouthshire, 372
Monophysites, the, Basiliscus favours, 473;
Zeno tries to placate, 477; favoured by
Eudocia, 507; and Anastasius, 518; in
the Egyptian Church, 526
Monotheletes, the, and the Emperor Con-
stans, 516
Mons Piri (Heidelberg? ), Romans defeated
at, 224
Monte Cassino, St Benedict founds mon.
astery at, 537; sacked, 541
Montenegro, Roumanians in, 356
Montius, quaestor of the palace, murdered,
63
Moors, rebellion and defeat of the, 228, 305;
join the Vandals in attack on Rome, 308 ;
submit to the Vandals, 309; revolt of,
311 sq. ; successes in Vandal territory,
314; autonomy retained under Vandals,
destroy early monachism in Spain,
535; 544
Mopsucrene (Mopsucrenae), in Cilicia, Con-
stantius dies at, 76, 134
Mopsuestia, Bishop of. See Theodore
Morava (Margus), River, Huns in valley of,
363
Moravia, the Quadi in, 195 sq. ; Volcae
Tectosages in, 197; Roumanians in, 356
Moschianus, opposes Theodoric, 477
Mosella, of Ausonius, cited, 379
Moselle, River, Alemanni defeated on, 222 ;
prosperity in valley of, 379
Moses, the patriarch, Eusebius and the
chronology of, 583
Moses, abbot, and the purpose of the
monastic life, 525
Moxoene, 82
Mulvian bridge, Constantine at the, 4. See
also Saxa Rubra
Munderich, chief of the Visigoths, 214
Mundo, chieftain of freebooters, killed by
Theodoric, 451; defeats Roman force,
483
Mundzuk, father of Attila, 360
Murocincta, Justina and Valentinian II at,
231
Mursa, in Pannonia, 59; battle of, 61 sq. ,
65, 130
Muschegh, Armenian general, begs for
Roman intervention, 225; invades Persian
territory, 226
Muses, the, Julian revives worship of, 107
Mushel the Armenian, joins Romans, 482
Musonianus, praefect, negotiates with
Persia, 71
Mygdonius, River, 59
Mygdus, Procopius at, 220
at, 219; taken by Huns, 363; native
place of Constantius the patrician, 402;
occupied by Theodemir, 471
Nannienus, magister militum, in Gaul, 243,
256; in command at Argentaria, 234,
252
Narbonensis, invaded by Vandals, 266 ; in
part assigned to Goths, 279, 283, 404;
Ataulf in, 402 sq.
Narbonensis Secunda, Gothic rule in, 287
Narbonne, captured by Ataulf, 277, 402;
attacked by Theodoric I, 279; and Theo-
doric II, 282; Alaric II at, 286; marriage
of Ataulf and Placidia at, 399, 402 sq. ;
Visigoths attempt recapture of, 411;
ceded to Visigoths, 436
Naristi, Teutonic tribe, location of, 195,
197 sq. ; invade Roman provinces, 199
Narraga, River, crossed by Julian's army,
82
Narsai, Persian general, defeated, 464
Narses, 1
Nasua, leader of the Suebi, 189, 194
Nazarius, cited, 4
Neapolis, purple fabric trade of, 548
Nebridius, praefect of Gaul, 74; held &
prisoner by Procopius, 220
Nebul, Moorish prince, 228
Neckar, River, Suebi Nicretes on, 189; Ale-
manni driven beyond, 202; 209, 224;
361
Nectaridus, Roman commander, killed in
Britain, 223
Nectarius, Bishop of Constantinople, 152,
166, 492
Nedao, battle of, 420
Nemesius, Bishop of Emesa, writings of,
585
Nemetes, Teutonic tribe, settle in Gaul,
193, 195
Nennius, Historia Brittonum of, cited,
382 sq.
Neocaesarea, Council of, 154 ; meetings of
bishops at, 178; canons of, 179 sq. ;
Pap at, 225; and St Basil, 527
Neolithic Period, expansion of the Indo-
Germanic race during, 183
Neoplatonism, of Julian, 64, 78, 100, 105;
aspects of, 93 sq. ; 113; 568; Augustine
and, 579
Nepos, Julius, Emperor of the West, makes
peace with Euric, 283, 429; 395 ; rules
in Dalmatia, 425; made emperor, 429,
433, 474; fees to Ravenna, 429 ; assassi-
nated, 430, 436; at Salona, 433; 435 ;
begs help of Zeno, 436, 474; marriage,
474 ; Theodoric offers to restore, 476
Nepotianus, brother-in-law of Constantine,
22
Nepotianus, Flavius Popilius, nephew of
Constantine, 59
Nero, Emperor, 6, 27, 536
Nerses, Katholikos of Armenia, murdered,
231
Nervii, Teutonio tribe, 188
Naab, River, Naristi settled on, 197
Nacolia, Agilo leaves Procopius at, 221
Naharmalcha, canal joining Euphrates and
Tigris, 83
Naissus (Nisch), birthplace of Constantine,
2, 16, 58, 60; Julian at, 75; barbarians
defeated at, 206; Valentinian and Valens


## p. 735 (#765) ############################################

735
Narsai in, 464 ; 465 ; 482; Barsumas at,
515; school established at, 519; 526
Nisibis, Bishop of. See Jacobus
Nitria (Wady Natron), attack on monks of,
491; life of the hermits in, 522 sqq.
Nogai-Tartars, customs of, 336
Nola, Goths at, 273
Nonnus, Bishop of Edessa, returns to see,
514; attacks school of Edessa, 515
Nonnus, poet, Dionysiaca of, 569; com.
poses metric version of St John's Gospel,
570
Noricum, 31, 56; Teutons defeat the
Romans in, 192; 195 ; overrun by
Germans, 199; Vandals granted land
in, 264; Alaric in, 268; 270 ; Alaric de-
mands cession of, 271 sq. ; campaign of
Aëtius in, 410; raids of Rugii into, 420;
Odovacar in, 430; Theodoric kills Mundo
in, 451; 452
Normandy, early monasteries in, 534
Northamptonshire, 389
Northmen, the, 18
North Sea (Oceanus Germanicus), Germanio
settlements on coast of, 185 sq. , 191 note,
198, 202 note, 292, 295; Salian Franks
settled near, 296; 299; Magyars pene-
trate to, 356; ancient river-bed in, 367 ;
9
Index
Nestorians, 515; at Nisibis, 519
Nestorius, Bishop of Constantinople, con-
troversy connected with, 494 sqq. ;
character, 495, 503 ; teaching, 495, 498,
509 ; condemned by Council of Ephesus,
500 sq. ; his sufferings in exile, 502;
death, 503; 504 sqq. , 515; condemned
in the Henoticon, 517; honoured at
Nisibis, 519; 590
Nestus, River, barbarians defeated at, 205
Netherlands, the, home of the Kelts, 186;
pirates off the coast of, 223 ; Tulingi in,
284
Netze, River, 198
Neuchâtel, Lake of, 187
Neuss (Novaesium), refortified by Julian,
209 ; Quintinus at, 243, 256
Nevitta, officer of Julian, 75
Newcastle-on-Tyne (Pons Aelius), site of
Roman fort, 370; on Roman road, 377
Newport, 372
New Rome. See Constantinople
Nicaea, sacked by Goths, 204; military
council elects Valentinian at, 218 sq. ;
Procopius reaches, 220; Armatus at,
473; Longinus of Selinus put to death
at, 480; Constantine, count of Armenia,
at, 482 ; Council of Chalcedon first sum-
moned to meet at, 507
Nicaea, Council of, 10, 12 sqq. , 20; 120 sqq. ;
129, 138, 146 sq. , 150, 161, 165, 168, 171,
173, 175, 177, 179, 487 sq. ; canons of,
180 sq. , 504, 516
Nicaea, Creed of, given official form, 177 ;
accepted by disputing parties, 487; ac-
cepted by Council of Chalcedon, 509
Nicasius, Bishop of Rheims, slain by Van.
dals, 266
Nicomachus Flavianus, marriage diptych
of, 604
Nicomedia, persecution begins at, 2;
Maximin in, 6; rescript of Licinius
published at, ib. ; Licinius at, 8; 16;
Constantine dies at, 19, 23; Julian at,
63, 99 sq. ; 141 ; backed by Goths, 204 ;
Valentinian at, 219; taken by Rumitalca,
221; church built by Constantine at,
611
Nicomedia, Bishop of. See Eusebius of
Nicomedia
Nicopolis, attacked by Goths, 204; Ulfila
lives near, 212; 234; taken by barbarians,
237; captured by Vandals, 472
Niebelungenlied, the, 365, 398; Theodoric
the Great mentioned in, 452
Nigrinus, ringleader of revolt at Aquileia,
put to death, 77
Nike, 234
Nile, River, 16, 88; worship connected with,
91; 242; retreat of St Anthony near,
522; 523; transport of corn on, 551
Nisch. See Naissus
Nisibis, besieged by Persians, 57, 59; treat.
ment by Julian of, 80; surrendered to the
Persians, 85, 514; Ardaburius besieges
Saxon pirates on, 378; 385
Northumberland, Roman road in, 377
Northumbria, use of Runio alphabet on
monuments in, 386; special class of
priests in, ib.
Northumbrians, of Angle stock, 382
Norway, 16; Teutons in, 184
Notitia Dignitatum, cited, 296, 383
Novae. See Sistova
Novaesium. See Neuss
Novatian, anti-pope, 147
Novempopulana, Vandals pass through,
266; occupied by Goths, 283
Nuceria, Bishop of. See Laurentius
Nu'man of Al Hira, followers of, defeated
by Romans, 481
Numerian (M. Aurelius Numerianus), Em.
peror, 207
Numidia, 12; church councils for, 164 sq. ;
Vandal invasion of, 305, 410; Vandals
settled in, 306 sq. ; Cirtan part retained
by Rome, 307; south part conquered by
Moors, 314; part ceded to Vandals, 307,
411, 413; export trade of, 548
Nuptials of Mercury and Philology, The, of
Martianus Capella, 572
Nursia, birthplace of St Benedict, 536
Nydam, bog-deposits at, 385 sq.
Nyssa, Gregory expelled from, 139; re-
presented at Council of Constantinople,
141
Nyssa, Bishop of. See Gregory
Oak, Synod of the, 493
Oamer, Vandal prince, defeated by Moors.
314
Octavius, Emperor. See Augustus


## p. 736 (#766) ############################################

736
Index
9
Oder, River, Teutons early settled near,
183 sqq. ; 187, 207
Odessus, falls into the hands of Vitalianus,
485
Odiva. See Ovida
Odothaeus, leader of Greutungi, defeated,
243, 255
Odovacar, deposes Romulus, 284, 433 ;
obtains Sicily, 311; 313; 393; settle-
ment of, in Italy, 399; styled rex Heru-
lorum, 420; 422; at siege of Rome with
Ricimer, 428; made king by barbarians,
430, 433 sq. ; earlier career, 430; patricius
and rex, 431; kills Orestes, 430, 432 sqq. ;
titles by which known, 434; title of
patricius bestowed by Zeno or Nepos,
435, 474; recognised by Senate, ib. ;
exercises sovereign power, 436; relations
with the Church, ib. ; 437 sq. ; defeated
by Theodoric, 439, 479; treats with
Theodoric, 440; murdered, ib. ; 443,
445 sqq. ; and Illus, 478; 483
Odovacar, Saxon chief, defeated by Chil-
deric, 299
Offa, King of Mercia, 390
Offa, son of King Wermund, 384
Offenburg, 209 note
Oker, River, 187
Olbia, 190; plundered by barbarians, 203
Olives, Mount of, church built on, 609 sq.
Olybrius, Emperor of the East, Ricimer
resists the elevation of, 310; marries
Placidia, 424; 425; made emperor, 428,
433; death, ib.
Olybrius, consul, 454
Olympia, temple of, destroyed, 113
Olympiodorus, cited, 398 sq. , 402, 408
Olympius, chancellor of Honorius, intrigues
against Stilicho, 269; maladministration
of, 270 sq. ; 272
Olympius, duke of Mesopotamia, defeated
by Persians, 481
Olympus, Mt, the Goths cross, 260
Olympus, gods of, 90, 92, 109 sq.
Omsk, Kirghiz in the steppes of, 335
Onegesius, first minister to Attila, 365
Onesimus, Bishop of Ephesus, epistle of
Ignatius to, 146
Onoulf, magister militum of Illyricum,
assassinates Armatus, 473; succeeded
by Sabinianus, 475
On the Government of the World of Salvian,
577
Opitergium, destroyed by Germans, 199
Optatus, archdeacon at Carthage, 149
Optatus, Bishop of Milevis, cited, 158
Optatus, brother-in-law of Constantine, 59
Optatus, praefect of Constantinople, 113
Optila, murderer of Valentinian III, 419
Orange, Council of, 567
Orders, Holy, exempt from decurionate, 10 ;
a rush for, ib. ; restricted to the poor,
ib. ; these laws abrogated, 78, 103
Orestes, magister militiae, 396; career and
marriage, 429; marches on Rome, ib. ;
makes his son emperor, 430, 433 ; refuses
demands of barbarians, 430; killed, ib. ,
432 sq. , 435, 439
Orestes, praefect of Alexandria, and the
persecution of the Jews, 463, 494
Origen, theories of, 119, 585; 120 ; 127;
school of, 155; 162; connection with
Caesarea, 175; homilies of, translated
by Rufinus, 399; Theophilus attacks
followers of, 490; controversy concern.
ing, 492 ; 578
Orleans, Vandals at, 266; Huns at, 280,
416; Alaps settled near, 281, 413;
Aegidius victorious near, 282, 298, 425;
412
Orontes, River, 88
Orosius, Paulus, the Historia adversus
paganos of, 115, 576 sq. ; cited, 267, 394,
399, 402 sq. , 575; and Augustine, 576
Orpheus, cult of, 569; interpreted as type
of Christ, 598, 600
Osmans. See Turks
Osrhoene, church council held at, 164;
514; Monophysitism in, 519
Ostia, games in honour of Castor and Pollux
at, 114
Ostrogotha, King of the Ostrogoths, 214
Ostrogoths, 203, 205; at war with Uru.
gundi, 206, 210; great dominions of,
214; overpowered by Huns, 215, 231,
250 ; at battle of Hadrianople, 251; 253;
in Pannonia, 254; defeated by Promotus,
255; invade Italy, 265; settle in Italy,
276; march to help Alaric II, 286 ; and
Roman civilisation, 288; hold Sicily,
313; 314; 361; defeat Huns, 420;
defeat Sciri, ib. ; in Marcian's army,
423 ; 429; under Theodoric the Great,
437 sqq. ; in Thrace, 465, 468; raid
Illyricum, 469; Arianism of, 488
Ostrui, one of Aspar's guards, leads attack
on the palace, 471
Otricoli in Umbria, Heraclian defeated at,
402
Ouse, River (Yorkshire), 373
Ovida (Odiva), Count, assassinates Nepos,
436; defeated and slain, ib.
Oxfordshire, archaeological discoveries in,
388; and the West Saxons, 390
Oxus, River, Ephthalite horde in the basin
of, 328; type of nomads near, 353
Pacatus, cited, 242
Pachomius, St, founder of monachism in
Upper Egypt, 522 ; early life, 523; call,
ib. ; life in first monastery of, described,
524 sq. ; advantages of system of, 525;
St Benedict adapts system of, 525, 528;
nunneries founded by, 530; his Rule
translated by Jerome, 535
Padua, Venice founded by fugitives from,
417 note
Paemani, Teutonic tribe, 188
Paeonia, Macedonia opposes Rome in,
191


## p. 737 (#767) ############################################

Index
737
Palaemon, hermit, teacher of Pachomius,
523
Palaeologus, Michael. See Michael
Palatine Hill, buildings on the, 598; mosaic
in the palace on, 612
Palestine, council of bishops of, 164; con-
stant climate of, 326; rebellion of Count
Plintha in, 463 ; crusade against Origen-
ism in, 490; bishops of, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508; insurrection in, 512;
monastic life in, 526, 529; nuns in, 531
Palestine III, Roman province, Amru 'l Kais
in, 472
Palestine, Duke of, defeats and kills Justasa,
474
Palladius, Rutilius Taurus Aemilianus, his
description of the monks of Nitria, cited,
522 sq. ; life in Pachomian monastery
described, 524; 525; Lausiac History
of, 526, 528; cited, 530
Palladius, envoy to Leptis, 227; treachery
and suicide of, 228
Pamir Mts, 323; cattle-breeding in, 331 ;
340
Pamphilus, at Caesarea, 175
Pamphylia, 458
Pamprepius, philosopher, aids Illus, 113,
476 sqq. ; made quaestor, 476; put to
death, 479
Pancratius, ambassador from Leptis, 227 ;
death of, 228
Pannonia, Constantine in, 7; Goths settled
in, 20, 31; 56; occupied by Magnentius,
60; (Secunda), 64; Teutons traverse,
192 ; Boii reach, 195 ; overrun by bar-
barians, 199, 207, 213, 253; Valentinian
a native of, 218; misgovernment in, 227 ;
raid of Quadi in, 229 ; 234; devastated
by Goths, 237 ; 242; 252; colonies of
Ostrogoths in, 254 ; Alani migrate from,
264 ; 270; Ataulf leaves, 271; Franks
said to have come from, 293; Huns in,
360, 417; 429; taken by Theodoric,
451 ; Amal family in, 468; slave trade
in, 548
Panopolis (Akhmim), Nestorius takes refuge
at, 502 ; monasteries near, 524 ; nunnery
near, 530
Panormus, besieged by Gaiseric, 412
Pap, prince of Armenia, seeks protection of
the Romans, 225; is restored, 226; im.
prisoned, 231 ; killed, ib.
Paphlagonia, 527
Papinian (Aemilius Papinianus), jurist, 35 ;
Papirius, robber, 470
Paris (Lutetia), Julian winters in, 69 sq. ,
Passarovitz. See Margus
Patriciolus, general, defeats Persians, 482 ;
485
Patricius, son of Aspar, made Caesar, 470;
marries Leontia, ib. ; fall, 471
Patricius, magister militum in praesenti,
and the Persian War, 482 ; attempts to
appease the mob, 485; confers with
Vitalianus, ib.
Patricius, magister officiorum, candidate for
the throne, 473; put to death, ib.
Patricius, proclaimed king by the Jews, 63
Patrick, St, and the Irish Church, 533
Patzinaks, the, 349, 355, 357
Paul, St, and the early Church, 144 ;
Epistles of, cited, 144, 148, 150, 177,
521 ; commentators on, 155, 156; and
the Roman Church, 171 sqq. ; supposed
disciples of, 578; and the chronology of
the Bible, 583 ; 585, 592
Paul of Samosata, Bishop of Antioch, 13,
120, 180
Paul, slave of Zeno, attempts to assassinate
Illus, 475
Paul the notary, put to death, 78; 97
Paula, Roman lady, monasteries founded
by, 526; punneries founded by, 531 ;
friend of Jerome, 596
Paulianists, the, 179
Paulinus, Bishop of Antioch, 136
Paulinus, Bishop of Trier, exiled, 130
Paulinus of Pella, imperial procurator to
Attalus, 403
Paulinus, official, beheaded, 466
Paulus, brother of Orestes, killed at Ravenna,
430, 432, 434
Paulus, general, opposes the Goths, 283
Paulus Diaconus, cited, 358, 438, 447
Pautalia in Dardania, district offered to
Theodoric, 476
Pavia (Ticinum), Stilicho at, 265, 268;
Honorius at, 269; sacked by Huns, 417;
sacked Orestes and Odovacar succes-
sively, 434; Theodoric besieged in, 439;
monastery founded at, 532
Pavia (Ticinum), Bishops of. See Ennodius,
Epiphanius, Severus
Peak (Yorkshire), Roman fort built at, 379
Pegasius, Bishop, becomes a pagan, 110
Pelagians, condemned by Council of Ephe-
Pelagius, heretic, 498, 586
Pelagius, praetorian praefect, 436
Peloponnesus, the, overrun by Goths, 261,
457; attacked by Vandals, 310, 426
Peneus, River, Goths checked in valley of,
260, 456
Pentadius, sent as ambassador by Julian, 74
Pentapolis, 171 ; the Henoticon sent to, 516
Pergamum, 64
Perinthus, 17 sq. , 141; Goths threaten
251
Perkunia. See Fergunna
Perseus, last king of Macedonia, and the
Bastarnae, 191
sus, 501
;
89
attack on,
72 sqq. , 134; 209; Valentinian at, 222 sq. ;
Maximus at, 238; Vandals at, 266
Parnasus in Cappadocia, birthplace of
parent of Ulfila, 212
Parthenius, chamberlain to Domitian, 29
Parthians, the, 25
Paschasinus, Bishop, legate of Pope Leo at
Council of Chalcedon, 508
C. MED. H. VOL. I.
47


## p. 738 (#768) ############################################

738
Index
.
Persia, raises an “ Eastern Question," 22
sq. ; goes to war with Rome, 56 sq. , 62,
71; reopens war, 72; 78 sqq. ; attacked
by Julian, 81 sqq. ; treaty of Jovian with,
85; worship of Mithras in, 90 ; pagan
philosophers flee to, 114; 219; renews
war against Valens, 225 sq. ; negotiates,
231 ; Sapor III succeeds in, 238; annexes
part of Armenia, 240; prehistoric in-
habitants of, 329; greyhounds of, 340 ;
in the nineteenth century, 348; devas-
tated by Chinghiz Khan, 350; 361; Illus
applies for help to, 436; at war with
Rome, 464, 466; Marcian maintains peace
with, 468; invaded by Saragurs, 469;
defeated by Ephthalites, 478; and subject
tribes, 481 ; Hypatius ambassador in,
486 ; condition of Christians in, 519
Persia, Bishop of. See John the Persian
Persians, the, 18, 25, 57 sq. , 72, 74, 82; at
Ctesiphon, 83; at Maranga, 84 ; harass
Jovian, 85 ; 98, 201 ; form an alliance
with Euric, 284 ; 295; invade borders of
the Empire, 306; make peace with the
Romans, 315; hatred of the Altaians for,
343; and the Tartars, 347; allied with
Huns, 363; defeated by Romans, make
peace, 464; assist Illus, 478; take Amida,
481; 482; at the fort at Dara, 483; 514
Perthshire, Agricola advances into, 368
Pescennius Niger, usurper, 17
Pessinus, visited by Julian, 79 ; 80; temple
of Cybele at, 110
Peter, St, regarded as founder of Roman
Church, 171 sqq. , 505, 507 ; 608
Peter, Bishop of Alexandria, 140, 166
Peter, Bishop of Altinum, presides at trial
of Symmachus, 449
Peter, Bishop of Ravenna, forbids perse-
cution of the Jews, 453
Peter the Fuller, Bishop of Antioch, in-
trudes into see, 514 ; twice expelled, ib. ;
recalled, 515
Peter Mongus, Bishop of Alexandria, suc.
cession to see disputed, 516 ; influence
over Acacius of Constantinople, ib. ; and
the Henoticon, 517; excommunicated by
Simplicius, ib.
Peter of Zittau, chronicler, cited, 351
Petra in Arabia, Nestorius banished to,
502
Petronius, father-in-law of Valens, unpopu.
larity of, 220
Pettau. See Poetovio
Petulantes, the, summoned from Gaul, 72 sq.
Peucini, 205
Peutinger's chart, cited, 295
Pevensey (Anderida), fort repaired at, 379
Pfeffinger, Dr, 93
Pforzheim, possible route of Valentinian by,
224
Pharamond, son of Marcomir, legendary
king of the Franks, 293, 295
Pharrantsem, Queen of Armenia, captured
and slain by Sapor, 225
Philip, King of Macedonia, 17; negotiates
with Bastarnae, 190 sq.
Philippi, 16; early Church at, 144 ; Goths
at, 471
Philippopolis, Julian passes through, 77;
Eastern bishops withdraw to, 130; Council
of, 166; taken by Goths, 204 ; surrenders
to Aequitius, 221; Valens at, 250 ; 251 ;
taken by Huns, 363
Philippus, envoy of Constantius, 61
Philo the Jew, theories of, 118, 496
Philomelium, church of, 164
Philostratus, 89
Phisonites, customs of, 349
Phocas, refuses to accept Christianity, 113
Phoenicia, 88
Pholoe, plateau of, 262; Stilicho blockades
the oths at, 458
Phronemius, in command at Constanti.
nople, 220
Phrygia, church of, 164; march of Valens
into, 221; rebellion of Tribigild in, 262,
458; ancestors of the Franks driven
from, 293 ; 459
Piacenza, letter to a deacon of, cited, 161;
Ricimer defeats Avitus near, 422; Orestes
put to death at, 430
Picardy, early monasteries in, 534
Picenum, Goths at, 270, 273; 446
Picts, the, 58; oppose the Romans, 73;
defeated by Maximus, 238, 383 note;
driven out by Constans, 378
Pincian Hill, the, 448
Piraeus, the, seized by Alaric, 261
Piroz, King of Persia, and Leo I, 469
Pisidia, Tribigild's march through, 458
Pispir, St Anthony at, 522
Pithyusae, ceded to the Vandals, 311
Pitt-Rivers, General, excavations made by,
376
Pityus, sacked by Borani, 204 ; Chrysostom
at, 493
Placentia, Goths at, 270
Placidia, Galla, sister of Honorius, 270; de-
tained by Alaric, 273; marries Ataulf, 274,
277, 398 sqq. ; ill-treated by Sigerich, 278,
404; pious influence of, 396; historic
importance of, 397 sq. ; restored to
Rome, 404; married to Constantius, ib. ;
entitled Augusta, 405, 465; influence
over Honorius, 406; banished to Con-
stantinople, ib. ; 408; recalls Boniface,
409; and Aëtius, 411, 418; death, 418;
harmful education of Valentinian III,
419; returns to Italy, 465; and Pope
Leo, 506 ; mausoleum of, 610
Placidia, daughter of Valentinian III,
carried captive to Carthage, 308 sq. ;
421, 468; released, 310, 424, 468; 418;
marries Olybrius, 424
Placidus, St, 541
Plato, 93, 98, 100; Academy of, 114 ; 578
Plato, praefect of Constantinople, 484 ;
hostility of the mob to, 485
Plautianus, minister of Severus, 31


## p. 739 (#769) ############################################

Index
739
Plintha, Count, rebellion of, 463
Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Seoundus),
cited, 543, 593
Pliny the Younger (C. Plinius Caecilius
Secundus), correspondence with Trajan,
cited, 24 sq. , 551, 553 sq.
Plotinus, philosopher, 89, 94; and Neo-
platonism, 568; Enneads of, 572; and
daemon worship, 574; disciples of, 578
sq.
Plutarch, 575, 579
Pluto, Julian revives worship of, 107
Po, River, 61; Kelts in plains near, 186;
193 ; Aleman captives settled near, 224;
Alaric crosses, 270
Poemen, hermit, 160
Poetovio (Pettau), 60, 63; victory of
Theodosius at, 243, 256
Poitiers, Clovis at, 286 ; monastery at, 534
Poitiers, Bishops of. See Hilary, Venantius
Pola, 63
Poles, the, 357
Pollentia, battle of, 265, 460
Pollux. See Castor and Pollux
Polybius, historian, cited, 190
Polybius of Tralles, letter of Ignatius to,
146
Polycarp, St, 148; martyrdom of, 164
Pomerania, Teutons in, 187 ; 198
Pompeii, 374; wall-paintings of, 598;
musaic found at, 612
Pompeius, nephew of Anastasius, defeated,
483 ; his house burnt by the mob, 485
Pompey (Cn. Pompeius Magnus), 191, 410 ;
restoration of theatre of, 448
Pons Aelius. See Newcastle-on-Tyne
Pontes. See Staines
Pontus, 22 ; awarded to Constantius II, 56,
121, 136; and the question of Meletius,
141 ; 154 ; council of bishops of, 164;
slave-markets of, 348; Tzani raids in,
481; Chrysostom in, 493; bishops of, at
Council of Chalcedon, 508 ; 527
Porphyry, philosopher, 89, 94; and dae-
monological rites, 574
Porta Portuensis of Rome, Pope Leo I
meets Gaiseric at, 308
Portugal, Kelts in, 186. See also Lusitania
Portus, harbour seized by Alaric, 272;
Gaiseric lands at, 308; Glycerius captured
at, 429
Possidius, biographer of St Augustine, cited,
153
Praeses of the Thebaid, the, and Nestorius,
Praetextatus, Vettius Agarius, leader of
pagan party at Rome, 93, 110; promoted
by Valentinian II, 240; described in the
Saturnalia, 571; and treatment of slaves,
592 ; 594
Praetorian Guard, the, falls at Saxa Rubra,
4
Pranci, 295
Priam, King of Troy, and the Franks, 293
Priarius, barbarian king, slain, 234, 253
Pripet, River, 214
Priscilla, catacomb and cemetery of, 599 sq.
Priscus, Greek historian, cited, 297, 365,
395, 398; envoy to Attila, 363, 414 sqq.
Priscas, officer, takes prisoner Longinus of
Selinus, 480
Proba, Roman lady, introduces Christian
teaching into the Aeneid, 570
Probus, M. Aurelius, Emperor, drives
Germans out of Gaul, 202; and the Goths,
204, 206 sq. ; 210
Probus, praetorian praefect, fails to drive
back the barbarians, 229
Proclus, Bishop of Constantinople, 504
Proclus, Bishop of Cyzicus, controversial
sermon of, 498
Proclus the Lycian, and Neoplatonism, 568;
and daemonological rites, 574
Procopius, kinsman and general of Julian,
81 sqq. ; conducts the funeral of Julian,
86; seizes Constantinople, 138; receives
help from Goths, 213; takes refuge in
the Crimea, 219; obtains support at
Constantinople, 220; is betrayed and
executed, 221; Valentinian and, 222 sq. ;
225, 235
Procopius of Caesarea, historian, 1, 113 ;
accompanies expedition against Vandals
in Africa, 315; 316; cited, 385, 398, 409,
419, 423, 438, 454
Procopius, father of Anthemius, defeats the
Persians, 464
Procopius, brother of Marcian, joins
Theodoric, 476
Proculus, Bishop of Marseilles, 383 note
Profuturus, Roman officer, 233
Prohaeresius of Athens, Christian teacher,
104
Promotus, Roman general, slaughters tribe
of barbarians, 242 sq. , 255; rescues
Theodosius, 258; death, ib. ; 456
Propontis. See Marmora
Proserpine, 91
Protasius, discovery of body of, 581
Proterius, Bishop of Alexandria, unpopu.
larity of, 512; murdered, 613
Protogenes, 190
Provence, Goths seize part of, 283 sq. ;
Theodoric's forces take, 452; beginnings
of monachism in, 534
Provertides, Roman officer, sent to Britain,
223
Prudentius, Spanish poet, writings of, 585
Prudentius, Roman citizen of Tripolis,
315
Prusa in Bithynia, Vetranio retires to, 60;
sacked by Goths, 204
Prussians, early settlements of the, 184
Pruth, River, 190
Pseudo-Caesarius of Nazianzus, cited, 349
Psyche, symbol of the soul, 598, 600
Ptolemais, Bishop of. See Synesius
Ptolemies, the, character of rule of, 489
Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolomaeus), cited, 197,
294, 383
502 sq.
47-2


## p. 740 (#770) ############################################

740
Index
Pulcheria, sister of Theodosius II, regency
of, 396, 462 sqq. ; influence of, 398 ;
made Augusta, 462; characteristics, ib. ;
arranged marriage of Theodosius, 463 sq. ;
decline in infuence of, 465; returns to
court, 466; appoints Marcian emperor,
467 ; marries Marcian, ib. ; death, 468;
and Nestorius, 495, 499, 502; and the
Patriarch Flavian, 504; and Pope Leo,
505 sqq. ; and the Council of Chalcedon,
507, 510 sq.
; 517
Pusaeus, praefect, conducts trialof Isocasius,
472
Pyrenees Mts, 59; Cimbri cross, 192 ;
Franks cross, 202; check the advance of
the Vandals, 266; Constantine the
usurper passes, 267, 400; Theodoric II
crosses, 281; boundary of Gothic kingdom,
283 ; defence of, neglected by Romans,
304; Majorian crosses, 309; Ataulf
crosses, 403
Pythagoras, 570
Pytheas, cited, 202 note
Quadi, Teutonic tribe, 20, 67, 71; in
Moravia, 195 sqq. ; invade Roman
provinces, 199; subdued, 200; 207;
invade Pannonia, 213; make a raid
across the Danube, 229; invade Italy,
265; invade Gaul, 266; 361
Quaestiones of Ambrosiaster, cited, 155
Querolus, anonymous work, 572
Quinisextine council in Trullo, Eastern
Canon Law settled at, 181
Quintilius (M. Aurelius Claudius), brother
of Claudius, 206
Quintinus, magister militum, commands
in Gaul, 243; falls into an ambush,
256
433; Odovacar occupies, 434 sq. ; Odova-
car besieged in, 439; murder of Odovacar
at, 440; Theodoric's court at, 441 sqq. ;
aqueducts restored, 448; persecution of
Jews at, 453 ; 454; monastery founded
at, 532; mausoleum of Galla Placidia
at, 610
Ravenna, Bishops of. See John, Peter
Ravenna Geographer, the, cited, 373
Reading Museum, model of the basilican
church of Silchester at, 613
Reccared, King of the Visigoths, conversion
of, 177
Rechiar, King of the Suebi, 279; conquests
of, 413 sq. ; death, 414
Recognitions of Clement, cited, 608
Red Sea, the, 472
Reggio (Rhegium), 167; Alario at, 274;
burnt, 399
Rekitach, son of Theodoric, chief of Thra.
cian Goths, assassinated, 477
Religion, desire for a universal, 11 ; struggle
of rival cults, 89. See Christianity,
Christians, Church, Isis, Mithras
Remigius, Roman official, and the people
of Leptis, 227 ; suicide of, 228
Rendsburg, scene of traditional combat,
384; bog-deposit near, 385
Respendial, King of the Alani, defeats the
Franks, 266
Restaces, Bishop of Armenia, at the Council
of Nicaea, 13
Return from Exile of Rutilius Namatianus,
575
Rhaetia, 31, 65 sq. , 71, 75, 198; overrun
by Germans, 199; 200 sq. ; Valentinian
secures defence of, 224; raid of Juthungi
in, 241; barbarians migrate to, 264;
265; campaign of Aëtius in, 410; Ale-
manni settled in, 451 ; 452
Rhaetians, and the Roman Empire, 544;
Latin language modified by, 545
Rhea, Julian revives worship of, 107
Rhegium. See Reggio
Rheims, army in Gaul assembles at, 66 sq. ;
Valentinian at, 224 ; Vandals slay the
bishop of, 266
Rheims, Bishop of. See Nicasius
Rhesaina, attacked by Persians, 464
Rbine, River (and frontier of), 3, 16, 19,
31, 66 sqq. ; recovered by Julian, 69;
becomes frontier of the Empire, 70,
202; Keltic names near, 186; and the
Kelts, 187 and note; and the Teutons,
188 ; 190; Germanic tribes cross the,
192, 194; preserved as frontier by Caesar,
195; Germanic settlements on the, 198;
Alemanni on the, 201, 207, 252 sq. ;
improved defences of, 208 sq. ; pirates
on, 223; 224, 231, 234 sq. ; Maximus
reaches, 238; 243, 253, 256 ; tribes on,
do homage, 260; contest of Franks and
Vandals on, 266, 393; Huns cross, 280,
416 ; Istaevones located on, 292; Franks
on, 293 sqq. ; 298; Roman garrisons
Rabbulas (Rabbula), Bishop of Edessa, and
the Nestorian controversy, 498 ; Cyrillian
principles of, 514; Admonitions for Monks
of, 526; rules of, 527 sq. , 531
Radagaisus, leader of the barbarians, in-
vades Italy, 265, 358; is captured and
executed, ib. ; 407
Ragnachar, chief of the Salian Franks,
reigns at Cambrai, 299
Rainas, Reinas, Rēnos, ancient names of
the Rhine, 186 note
Rando, prince of the Alemanni, 224
Ratae, See Leicester
Ratiaria, fort of, taken by Huns, 362
Rausimod, King of the Goths, defeated and
slain, 7, 211
Ravenna, Alemanni reach, 201; mutiny at,
268; death of Stilicho at, 269 ; 270 sq. ;
Honorius at, 272, 399, 401, 494 ; siege
of, 273; 275, 364; orthodoxy at court
of, 395 sq. ; Placidia and court of, 396 sq. ,
405 sq. ; usurpation of John at, 407;
Felix murdered at, 410; Glycerius made
emperor at, 428; Nepos flees to, 429 ;
Paulus killed at, 430 ; 431 ; Orestes at,


## p. 741 (#771) ############################################

Index
741
withdrawn from, 299; various Frankish
kingdoms on, 300; 361, 370; intercourse
with Colchester, 377; 379; 400 sqq. ;
Franks driven back across, 410; 411;
Alemanni on, 413
Rhodanius, Bishop of Toulouse, exiled, 131
Rhodes, Island, marauders driven from, 470
Rhodope, Mt, 16; Saturninus retreats to,
233
Rhone, River, 187; Teutons reach valley
of, 192; 195; 238, 267 ; military road
to, 277; boundary of Gothic kingdom,
283; Goths extend limits beyond river,
284
Rhydderch Hen, British king at Dumbarton,
391
Rialto, 417 note
Richborough (Rutupiae), Theodosius lands
at, 223; 370; communication with the
Continent through, 377
Richmond, Cook collection at, 601 sq.
Richomer, Roman officer, sent against the
Goths, 233 sq. , 250; against the Sara-
cens, 238; against Maximus, 243; friend
of Eugenius, 246, 258; brings news of
defeat at Hadrianople, 251
Ricimer, magister militum, defeats the
Vandals, 309, 422; causes deposition of
Majorian, 310, 424 ; 393 sq. ; Arianism
of, 395 ; 396 sq. ; patriciate of, 399; 419;
supported by German tribes, 420; descent,
422; character and policy, ib. ; defeats
Avitus, ib. ; made patricius, 423; makes
Severus emperor, 424; 425; marries
daughter of Anthemius, 426; revolt of,
427 sq. ; takes Rome, 428; makes Olybrius
emperor, ib. ; death, ib. ; review of work,
ib. ; 430, 433, 443; and Leo I, 470
Rimini (Ariminum), Council of bishops of
the West at, 126, 133, 166; Goths at,
270 sqq. ; fight between Boniface and
Aëtius at, 410; Theodorio seizes, 439
Ripa Gothica, the, assigned to Dalmatius,
55 ; passes to Constans, 56
Ripuarian Franks, early history of, 299;
contest with Alemanni, 300 ; absorption
of, ib. ; under Attila, 361, 364
Robber Council (Latrocinium). See Ephesus
Robur, fortress near Basel, 229
Rochester (Durobrivae), possibly site of
Romano-British town, 373
Rogaland, 185
Rogerius, Canon of Varad, cited, 359
Roman Empire. See Empire
Romans, the, 17 sq. , 25 sq. , 31, 58, 66; at
Ctesiphon, 83; in retreat, 85; early
Teutons known to, 183; oppose advance
of the Teutons, 192, 195 ; Marbod seeks
protection of, 196; take Noricum, 197;
drive back the barbarians, 199 sqq. ;
defeated by Goths, 204; fortify Rhine
frontier, 210; and Danubian frontier,
213; defeat the barbarians, 222, 224;
229; at war with Goths (377), 233, 250 sq. ;
victorious in Gothic war, 236 sq. , 253;
massacre the Goths, 252; treat with the
Goths, 254, 401 ; defeat Odothaeus, 255 ;
in Thessalonica, 257; at the battle of
Pollentia, 265; superseded in Spain, 268;
relations with the Teutons, 275 sqq. , 283;
defeated at Toulouse, 279; under Gothic
rule, 287, 289; injurious effects on Goths
of, 288; defeated by Clodion, 297 ; lose
southern Spain, 305 ; and the Vandals
in Africa, 306 sqq. ; 409; victorious at
Agrigentum, 309; under Vandalic rule
in Africa, 316 sqq. ; and the Huns,
362 sqq. ; 466 sq. ; at Attila's court,
365 sq. ; in Britain, 368 sqq. ; abandon
Britain, 379 sqq. ; 384; decrease of
population among, 393; ally themselves
with Teutons, 398; 399; attack Visi.
goths, 411; lose the provinces, 413 sq. ;
defeat Attila, 416; 417; disown Avitus,
422; and Theodoric the Great, 440 sq. ;
hold all offices under Theodoric, 442;
and taxation, 446; and corn-supply,
447; displease Theodoric, 453; 454; and
Persian war, 464, 466, 482; and Saragurs,
469; and the kings of Lazica, ib. ; 478;
malcontents join Isaurian revolt, 480;
and the Bulgarians, 483; 575; wealth
of, 594 sq.
Romanus, Count, and the citizens of Leptis,
227; infamy of, 228
Romanus, duke of Palestine, recovers Jotaba,
481
Roman Wall, of Antoninus Pius, built,
of Hadrian, built, 368; 369,
369;
377 sq.
Rome (the City), 1; Maxentius in, 4; Con-
stantine in, 15 sq. ; 27 sqq. , 32 sq. , 43,
49 sqq. , 56, 59; Constantius in, 67; as
seat of learning, 88; Oriental religions
at, 89; 97; a stronghold of paganism,
114; disendowment of pagan priesthood
at, 115 sq. ; 140; growing influence of
clergy in, 153; Christian churches in,
158; Polycarp at, 164; triumph of
M. Aurelius at, 200; Gratian and the
pagans of, 238; taken by Maximus, 243;
altar of victory restored at, 246; famine
threatens, 263; fortified against bar.
barians, 264; Alaric threatens, 265;
267 sq. ; besieged by Goths, 270 sq. ;
Alaric in, 272, 392 ; sack of, 273 sq. ,
365, 379; Frankish prince in, 297;
plundered by Vandals, 308, 421, 468;
364; 374 sq. ; Gregory sees the English
slaves at, 390; after the sack, 399; corn-
supply stopped, 402; supremacy of Aëtius
in, 410; 415; embassy to Attila sent
from, 417; Avitus at, 422; Majorian and
the ancient monuments of, 423; trial of
Arvandus at, 427; taken by Ricimer,
428; Nepos at, 429; 431, 433; formal
entry of Odovacar, 435; statues of Zeno
set up in, 436; 438; power of the Senate
in, 444; ancient buildings restored by
Theodoric, 448; spread of monasticism


## p. 742 (#772) ############################################

742
Index
in, 531; St Benedict in, 536; first Bene-
dictines in, 541; 545; food-supplies of,
551 sq. ; pagan worship in, 569; and
pagan education, 571; gladiatorial games
at, 594; charitable institutions in, 595;
art of, 598; catacombs of, 599 sq. ; ivories
carved in, 605; temples at, 608; early
Christian churches at, 611
Rome (the State), 18, 20, 24, 57, 72, 77 sq. ,
85; decay of pagan religions in, 87;
Eastern influence on, 89 sqq. ; 103,
108 sqq. ; fall of, 170; and Macedonia,
191; and Noricum, 197; 205, 217, 219,
224; reopens war with Persia, 225; pro-
tects Armenia, 226; negotiates with
Persia, 231; subjection of the Goths to,
236 sq. ; annexes part of Armenia, 240;
248; connexion with Gothic kingdom,
281 sq. ; Salian Franks assert their
independence of, 296; 299; resigns
Africa to the Vandals, 307, 309 ; 367 sq. ;
northern limit reached, 369; system of
government in Britain, 371 sqq. ; recog-
nises Carausius, 377; influence of, 397;
cedes Auvergne to the Visigoths, 433;
Odovacar observes system of, 436; Theo:
doric observes system of, 441 sq. ; faith
in the destiny of, 574 sqq. ; new laws on
slavery in, 593. See Empire
Rome, Christian church in. Council (313),
12; represented at Council of Nicaea, 13;
council (340), 129; 141; organisation,
150 sqq. ; importance of deacons, 154 sq. ;
presbyters, 155; parish clergy, 159 ;
161 sq. , 166; growth in importance of
the bishop, 167, 169; early pre-eminence,
171 sq. ; precedence of, recognised, 173 sq. ,
487 sq. ; use of Apostles' Creed, 176 ; use
of Creed of Constantinople, 177; Nicene
canons as received by, 179; controversy
with Church of Carthage, ib. ; schism in,
449; attitude towards Nestorianism, 497;
synod supports Cyril, 499; sends deputa-
tion to Council of Ephesus, 501; and the
Monophysite controversy, 503; and the
Robber Council, 505; and the Council
of Chalcedon, 507 sq. ; pre-eminence of
see threatened by decision of Council of
Chalcedon, 511; breach with see of Con.
stantinople, 516; opposition to Henoticon,
517; reunion with Constantinople, 518 sq. ;
Pelagianism condemned by Council, 586
Rome, Church of (the modern), 124
Rome, Bishops of. See Anastasius II,
Anicetus, Anteros, Boniface I, Celestine I,
Clement, Cornelius, Damasus, Eleuthe.
rius, Gelasius I, Gregory I, Hadrian I,
Hilarius, Hormisdas, Innocent I, John I,
Julius I, Leo I, Liberius, Miltiades,
Simplicius, Siricius, Sixtus III, Sylvester,
Symmachus, Zosimus
Romulus, grandfather of Romulus Augus-
tulus, ambassador to the Huns, 429; 433
Romulus, brother of Marcian, joins Theo-
doric, 476
Romulus Augustulus, Emperor of the West,
deposed, 284, 392, 399, 430, 433 sq. , 474;
proclaimed emperor, 430, 433; exiled, 430;
insignia of, sent to Zeno, 431 ; 434 sq. ;
sends embassy to Zeno, 435, 443
Rosoppe, 186
Rottenburg, on the Neckar, 224
Rouen, monasteries early established at, 534
Roumania, 357
Roumanians, immense districts traversed
by, 356; 357 sq.
Roxana, wife of Alexander the Great, 403
Rua (Rugilas), King of the Huns, 360 sq. ;
supports Aëtius, 411; death, 414
Rubruquis, cited, 359
Rufinus, witnesses burning of Reggio, 399;
his impressions of Nitria and the monks,
522; monastery founded by, 526; trained
as a monk at Aquileia, 531; translates
Rule of Basil, 535
Rufinus, ambassador to Persians, 481
Rufinus of Aquitaine, praetorian praefect,
ambassador to Theodosius, 246; influences
Theodosius, 257; blamed for death of
Promotus, 258; adviser to Arcadius, 260,
456; slain, 260, 262, 457 sq. ; puts Lucian
to death, 456
Rufinus Probianus, name on diptych in
Berlin collection, 604
Rufus, Bishop of Thessalonica, and the case
of Nestorius, 499
Rugi, 185
Rugians (Rugii), early settlements of, 185,
198, 361, 420; defeat Huns, 420; in
Marcian's army, 423 ; St Severinus
mediates with, 425 ; in Italy, 430; 434;
in Zeno's army, 478 sq.
Rugilas, King of the Huns. See Rua
Ruhr, River, 186 note; 361
Rumitalca, tribune, supports Procopius, 221
Ruricius, Roman governor, 227; execution
of, 228
Ruricius Pompeianus, defends Verona and
is killed, 4
Ruspe, Bishop of. See Fulgentius
Russia, 198; Altaians as cattle-breeders in,
331 ; wagon-tents used in, 336; slaves
in, 348; nomad hordes in, 352, 354 sq. ;
Sorasgi in, 360
Russians, the, 18, 20; (Varangians), 349;
defeated by Mongols, 350
Rusumbladestus, father of Zeno (Tarasi.
codissa), 515
Ruthenians, 357
Rutilius Namatianus, Claudias, Roman
poet, poems of, 115 ; 116; Return from
Exile of, 575; 576 sq.
Rutupiae. See Richborough
Rygir, 185
Ryknield Street, course of, 376
Saalland, 296
Sabaria, Valentinian at, 229
Sabas, St, organiser of laura system of
monasticism, 529; Typicon of, ib.


## p. 743 (#773) ############################################

Index
743
Sabiniacus, official under Theodoric, 448
Sabinianus, general, inefficiency of, 72
Sabinianus, made magister militum of
Illyricum, 475 ; holds Goths in check,
476; death, 477
Sabinianus (the younger), magister militum
of Illyricum, defeated, 483
Sabutai, Mongol general, successes of, 350
Sacro Speco, cave of St Benedict, 536
Sahara desert, 349
St Albans (Verulamium), Romanised British
town, 371, 373; Roman road through,
376
St Gallen, 253
Salian Franks, Ch. x (B) passim; possible
origin of name, 296 ; at battle of Orleans,
282, 298, 425
Salices (Ad Salices), battle of, 216, 233
Salic Law, the, 300 sqq.
Salii, the, seize Brabant, 65
Salisbury, battle of Britons and English at,
389
Sallust, officer of Julian, 75, 78; refuses
election as emperor, 84 ; dismissed, 219
Salona (Spalatro), Nepos at, 433
Salona (Spalatro), Bishops of. See Gly.
cerius, Hesychius
Salvian, 299; and patronage in Gaul, 564 ;
On the Government of the World, of, 577;
592
Samaritans, the, set up Justasa as emperor,
474
Samnium, 446
Samosata, flight of Roman army to, 482
Samosata, Paul of. See Paul
Samothrace, plan of temple at, 608
Sandwich (Kent), 370, 377
Sangarius, River, 220
Sangiban, King of the Alani, offers to betray
Orleans, 280
Saphrax, leader of the Greutungi, 232 ; de-
vastates Pannonia, 237 ; invades Roman
territory, 250; at battle of Hadrianople,
251 ; rules for infant son of Withimir,
253
Sapor II, King of Persia, 22, 57; defeated
by Constantius, 58; besieges Nisibis, 59;
finds allies, 71; renews war with Rome,
72; retreats, 76; 79; 82 sqq. ; proposes
peace to the Romans, 85; and Armenia,
225; at war with Rome, 226
Sapor III, King of Persia, succeeds to the
throne, 238 ; accession announced at
Constantinople, 240
Sapor, general of Theodosius, sent to expel
Arian bishops, 255
Saracens, the, 18; raids of, 63; harass the
Roman army, 85; break treaty of alliance,
defend Constantinople, 252 ; raids
of (448), 467, (498), 480
Saragurs, the, ask for Roman protection,
469
Sardica (Sofia), 16; Constantius at, 60;
religious influences at, 126; Council
meets at, 129 sq. , 166; canons of the
Council of, 149, 151, 168, 179 sqq. ; 251;
Zeno the Isaurian escapes to, 470
Sardinia, 31, 131 ; in Vicariate of Rome,
171; Vandals prepare to attack, 306 ;
ceded to the Vandals, 311; Vandal rule
in, 320; recovered by Marcellinus, 426
Sardis, Bishop of. See Melito
Sarepta, purple fabric trade of, 548
Sarmatae Liberi, given a king by Con.
stantius, 71
Sarmatia, proposed new province, 200
Sarmatians (Sarmatae), the, 19, 67, 71;
appeal for help to Rome, 211; invade
Pannonia, 213; make a raid across the
Danube, 229; defeated by Theodosius,
235, 253 ; customs of, 349; invade Italy,
358 ; under King Rua, 360; defeated by
Theodoric, 471
Sarn Helen, Roman road, course of, 377
Sarsena, dispute between clergy and towns-
people in, 451
Sarts, of Ferghana, 348; described, 352
Sarus, prince of the Visigoths, joins Stilicho,
265 sq. ; retreats before Gerontius, 267;
incites mutiny at Ravenna, 268; kills
Stilicho's body-guard, 269, 270; joins
Honorius, 273
Saturn, Julian revives worship of, 107
Saturnalia, of Macrobius, 571 sqq. , 592
Saturninus, Roman officer, brings reinforce-
ments against Goths, 233; arranges for
colonisation of Thrace by Goths, 237,
254 ; extradition of, 263, 459; return of,
460
Saturninus, comes domesticorum, and Eu.
docia, 466
Saul, leader of the Goths in the Roman
army, 247, 259; at the battle of Pollentia,
265
Sauromaces, King of Hiberia, expelled by
Persians, 225 ; restored by Romans, 226;
231
Save, River, 61, 243
Savia, province of, given to King Rua, 360
Savoy, Burgundians settled in, 411, 413
Saxa Rubra, battle of, 4, 10, 12
Saxons, the, 60; return to the Yssel, 69; 198;
raids of, 202, 223 ; pirates suppressed
by Maximian, 207 ; pirates punished by
Euric, 284; 292 sqq. ; driven back by
Childeric, 299; harass coasts of Gaul and
Britain, 378, 380 ; settle in Britain, 382
sq. , 413; connected with Old Saxons of
the Continent, 384; 385 ; 393
Saxon Shore, system of coast defence, 378
Sbide, Zeno blockaded in, 473
Scampia, taken by Theodoric, 475
Scandinavia (Scandza insula), Teutonic
territory in, 184 sqq. ; home of the Goths,
202, 203 note; 349; prince of, at Theo-
doric's court, 452
Scandinavians, grades of officials among,
387
Scarborough, 379
Scarponna. See Charpeigne
238 ;


## p. 744 (#774) ############################################

744
Inder
Scaurus, M. Aurelius, Roman general, de-
feated, 192
Scete, monastic settlement in desert of, 522
sqq. ; Germanus in, 525
Scheldt, River, 209, 296 sq.
Schleswig, Teutons early settled in, 183,
186, 383 sq. ; bog-deposits in, 385, 387
Scholae, edict of ejection of Catholics pub-
lished in, 454
Sciri (Scyri), 190, 203 ; raids of, 239 ; 361;
in Hungary, 420; combine with Heruli,
ib. ; in Italy, 430; 434; captured and
settled in Asia Minor, 462 ; at war with
Ostrogoths, 469
Scordisci, 190; allied with the Bastarnae,
191 ; drive back the Teutons, 192
Scotland, annexed by Antoninus Pius, 369;
and Bernician kingdom, 391; spread of
Christianity in, 533
Scots, the, 58; oppose the Romans, 73;
defeated by Maximus, 238, 383 note ;
driven out by Constans, 378
Scotti, Irish tribes, pillage Britain, 223
Scupi (Uskub), Theodosius at, 236, 243
Scyri. . See Sciri
Scyros, 205
Soythia, 56, 355; Vitalianus seizes fortresses
in, 486
Scythians, 325; customs of, 336, 349, 355 ;
invade Media, Mesopotamia, and Syria,
354; 356 ; become Iranian, 359; subdued
by Huns, 362
Scythopolis, linen trade of, 548 sq.
Seaxneat, traditional divine ancestor of East
Saxon royal family, 386
Sebaste, Eustathius of. See Eustathius
Sebastian, son-in-law of Boniface, heads
resistance to Aëtius, 411 ; dismissed and
banished, ib.
Sebastian, brother of Jovinus, named co-
ruler, 277 ; put to death, 401
Sebastian, praefect, sells offices, 474
Sebastianus, general, 81 sqq. ; defeats the
Goths, 216, 234 ; possible candidate for
empire, 231 ; slain at Hadrianople, 235,
251; 250
Sebastopol, 20
Secundinus, brother-in-law of Anastasius,
made city-praefect, 479
Secundus, Bishop of Tigisis, 12
Segni, Teutonio tribe, 188
Segovia, 140
Seine, River, 411
Sejanus, Aelius, 31
Seleucia in Isauria, Council of bishops of
the East at, 126, 133, 135, 166; taken,
461
Seleucia (Seleucia-Ctesiphon) in Persia,
Nestorian school at, 519; principal epi.
scopal see of Persian Church, ib.
Selga, 458
Seljuks, the, 19, 334
Semana, name of Thuringian Forest, 186
note
Semiryechensk, sand-deserts in, 327
Semnones, tribe of Suebi, location of the,
196 sqq. ; 200
Senarius, count of the patrimonium under
Theodoric, 443
Senate of Constantinople, recognises Mar-
cian, 467 ; ratifies appointment of Leo,
468; refuses to pay both Theodorics,
474; declares Vitalianus a public enemy,
485; some members present at Council
of Chalcedon, 507
Senate of Rome, 5, 24 sqq. , 39, 48; func-
tions of, 49 sq. ; supports pagan religion,
114 sqq. , 240; and Alaric, 268; decrees
death of Serena, 270; urges Honorius to
make peace with Alaric, 271; yields to
Alaric, 272; and the African difficulty,
273; varying importance of, 395 sqq. ; at
height of power under Anthemius, 39
427; accepts Theodosian Code, 412; sends
embassy to Attila, 417; and Avitus, 422 ;
and Leo, 426 ; 431 ; recognises Odovacar,
435; sends embassy to Zeno, ib. ; erects
statues of Zeno, 436, 474; and papal
elections, ib. ; Zeno commends Theodoric
to, 438; 441; importance under Theo-
doric, 443 ; and Arianism, 453; and the
guilds, 550
Seneca, influence of, on later philosophers,
592
Senecio, agent of Licinius, 6
Sens, Julian winters at, 66 ; near site of
battle of Mauriacus, 416 note
Senuti of Atripe, Coptic abbot, rules both
monks and nuns, 530
Senuti of Panopolis, archimandrite, and
Cyril, 494 ; at Council of Ephesus,
500; said to have killed Nestorius,
503
Septem (Septa, Septum), Castle of, forti-
fications preserved by Gaiseric, 307
Septimania, 283 ; secured for the Visigoths,
452
Sequani, Keltic tribes, overcome by Teu-
tons, 189, 194; make war on the Aedui,
193
Serapio, Frankish chief, defeated by Julian,
209
Serapion, archdeacon, quarrels with Severi.
&QU8, 492
Serapis, worship of, 107; measuring gauge
removed from temple of, 489 ; destruction
of temple of, 490
Serena, niece of Theodosius, marries
Stilicho, 258; is put to death, 270
Servia, 357, 358 note, 554, 568
Servians, 357
Servianus, Roman general, slain by Ale-
manni, 222
Servius, critic and scholar, described in the
Saturnalia, 571
Severi, the, 28, 40
Severianus, Deputy Bishop of Constanti.
nople, quarrels with Serapion, 492
Severianus, official under Theodoric, 446
Severinus, St, Life of, cited, 420; rules


## p. 745 (#775) ############################################

Index
745
.
Noricum, 425; predicts greatness of
Odovacar, 430, 434; 436
Severn, River, 367, 369, 372 sq. ; Roman
road by, 377; kingdom of Hwicce includes
valley of, 390
Severus, M. Aurelius Alexander, Em-
peror, 25, 27, 31, 47, 158; commands
against Teutons, 200; is murdered,
201; 203 ; 544; encourages trade guilds,
551
Severus, L. Septimius, Emperor, 8, 15, 17,
26, 28, 31, 44, 146; in Britain, 369;
sister of, ignorant of Latin, 545
Severus, Libius, Emperor of the West,
becomes emperor, 310; insignificance of,
424 ; death, 425, 443; position un-
recognised by Eastern Empire, 468
Severus, Bishop of Antioch, cited, 160
Severus the Pisidian, Bishop of Antioch,
influences Anastasius, 518; organises
Monophysite communities in Egypt and
Syria, 519
Severus, Bishop, and Theodoric, 451
Severus, general, at battle of Strassburg,
68; 69; sent to Britain, 223
Severus, Senator, ambassador to Carthage,
311, 472
Severus, Sulpicius, biographer of St Martin
of Tours, cited, 153, 534, 583
Seville, taken by Vandals, 305 ; occupied
by Rechiar, 413
Seville, Bishops of. See Isidore, Leander
Sextus, Julius Africanus, founds science of
comparative chronography, 582 sq.
Sheffield, on course of Roman road, 376
Shepherd, the, of Hermas, 163 sq.
Shields, on Roman road, 377
Shipka Pass, held by Goths, 234
Shrewsbury, 368, 373
Shropshire (Wreocensaete), long uncon-
quered by English, 390
Siberia, climate of, 327
Sicambria, legendary Trojan city, 293
Sicily, 18 sq. , 31, 61; in Vicariate of Rome,
171 ; fleet of Maximus defeated off, 243;
273 ; plundered by Vandals, 306, 309 sq. ,
412, 424, 468; ceded to the Vandals, 311;
transferred to Odovacar, ib. , 436 ; part
forms dowry of Amalafrida, 313; supplies
provisions to the Romans for expedition
against Vandals, 315 ; 363 ; 413; Ricimer
in, 422 ; murder of Marcellinus in, 426 ;
452 ; 465, 541
Sidones, location of the, 198
Sidonius Apollinaris, Bishop of Clermont,
poems of, 116 ; describes attack on the
city, 283; describes Visigothic court, 284;
292 ; describes the Franks, 303; cited,
395, 577, 596; eulogises Marcian, 423 ;
made praefect of Rome, 427; helps in
defence of Clermont, ib. ; 429
Sieg, River, 186 note
Sigebert, King of the Ripuarian Franks,
wounded at the battle of Zülpich, 300
Sigerich, Visigothic prince, made king, 278;
murdered, ib. ; his treatment of Placidia,
278, 404; 289
Sigesar, Gothic bishop, baptises Attalus,
272
Sigismund, son of Gundobad, King of the
Burgundians, marries a daughter of
Theodoric, 451
Sigisvult, German commander, sent against
Boniface, 409
Silanus, M. Junius, consul, defeated by
Teutons, 192
Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum), founded,
371; 373; results of excavations at,
374 sq. , 380; Roman road through, 376;
engraved glass found at, 607; early
basilican church at, 613 sq.
Silenus, Julian revives worship of, 107
Silingi, Vandalic tribe, 266 ; granted land
in Baetica, 275, 304, 316 ; defeated by
Goths, 275, 304 ; destroyed, 304, 404 ;
paganism of, 320
Silistria, native land of Aëtius, 406
Silures, British tribe, 372
Silva Carbonaria. See Carbonarian Forest
Silvanus, deserts Magnentius, 61; com-
mands in Gaul, 64 sq. ; fall of, 65
Simeon Stylites, receives a copy of the
imperial circular, 513
Simplicius, Bishop of Rome, and Odovacar,
436 ; death, ib. ; excommunicates advo.
cates of Henoticon policy, 517
Simplicius, abbot of Monte Cassino, 541
Singara, 57; battle of, 58; recovered by
Persians, 74; surrendered by Jovian,
85; Kawad at, 481 sq.
Singidunum. See Belgrade
Sintula, Julian's tribune of the stable, 73
Siricius, Bishop of Rome, decretal letter of,
151, 153, 182; 159
Sirmium, Constantine captures, 7; 16; 59
sqq. ; court removed to, 71; Julian
welcomed at, 75; 76; 102; manifesto
of, 126, 132, 138; 130; fourth creed of,
133; 140; Council of, 166; 219; Gratian
at, 234, 251; Theodosius made co-emperor
at, 235, 253; 237; church plate saved
from Attila, 415, 424
Siscia, attacked by Magnentius, 61;
Theodosius victorious at, 243
Sisinnius, Bishop of Constantinople, 494
Sistova (Novae), attacked by Goths, 204 ;
363
Sitifis, triumphant entry of Theodosius
into, 228
Sitones, mentioned by Tacitus, 184
Sixtus III, Bishop of Rome, 159
Sklavenes. See Slavs
Skobelev, Michael Dmitrievich, Russian
general, defeats the Turkomans, 348
Slade Collection, glass in, 606 sq.
Slavs (Sklavenes), early settlements of the,
184; vegetarianism of, 349; 355, 357;
under Hunnic rule, 360 sq. ; 480; as
slaves, 548
Slovaks, 357
47-5


## p. 746 (#776) ############################################

746
Index
297
Slovenes, 357
Smyrna, centre of learning at, 88; church
of, 164
Socrates, philosopher, 570, 594
Socrates, historian, cited, 125, 610; abridg-
ment of his history made by Epiphanius,
449
Sofia. See Sardica
Soissons, battle of, 285; Syagrius known
as “Roman king” of, 425
Solicinium, Alemanni defeated at, 209,
224
Sol Invictus, worshipped, 95
Solon, 570
Solway Firth, Wall of Hadrian to, 368
Somerset, Roman villas in, 375
Somme, River, limit of Frankish territory,
Sons of the Covenant, society of religious,
Stephen, Bishop of Ephesus, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508
Steppes, the, 203
Stilicho, sent as ambassador to Persia, 240;
in command against Eugenius, 246 sq. ;
in command in Thrace, 258; marriage,
ib. ; dismisses Gothic troops, 259; regent
for Honorius, 260, 456; recalled to Italy,
261, 457 ; in Greece, ib. , 458; makes &
treaty with Alaric, 262, 458; and Gildo's
revolt, 263, 458; concedes territory to
Vandals, 264; treats with the Goths, 265;
at battle of Pollentia, ib. , 460; Illyrian
schemes of, 265 sqq. , 460; waning
influence of, 268; fall and death of.
269 sq. ; 397, 462; policy of, 275, 396,
400; withdraws Roman garrisons from
the Rhine, 299; repairs coast defences of
Britain, 379; 393; importance of, as
magister utriusque militiae, 394; religious
toleration shewn by, 395; 402; uses Hun
mercenaries, 407; 408, 412, 422, 459, 461
Stirling, Gap of, Roman outposts in, 369
Stobi, Theodosius at, 243; sacked by
Theodoric, 475
Stoicism, 11
Stourton, Roman pavement at, 614
Strabo, 189, 196 sqq.
Strassburg (Argentoratum), taken by the
Alemanni (355), 66; (406), 266 sq. ; battle
of, 67 sqq. , 209 and note
Strategius, helps Procopius, 220
Strathclyde, Britons retire to, 381
Stratonicus, gladiator, represented on
526
Sopater, favourite of Constantine, 21
Sophene, Persians pass through, 72
Sorasgi, the, subdued by the Huns, 360
Sosipatra, wife of Aedesius, 100
South Kensington Museum, specimens of
early Christian art at, 603 sqq. , 612
Sozomen, historian, Church History of,
cited, 162, 527 ; abridgment of work
made by Epiphanius, 449
Sozopolis, taken by Vitalianus, 486
Spain, under Maxentius, 3; 13, 30 sq. ;
awarded to Constantine II, 56 ; passes to
Constans, 58; 59; 88; slow decay of
paganism in, 115; Creed of Constantinople
used in, 177; bishops of, meet at Elvira,
178; Kelts in, 186 ; Cimbri reach, 192;
Franks in, 202 ; Theodosius in, 235, 253;
Maximus acknowledged in, 239 ; supplies
Rome with corn, 263; saved from the
Vandals, 266 ; attacks on, 267, 400; fall
of Roman rule in, 268; 271; Vandals in,
274 sq. ; 334; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf in, 278, 279 sqq. , 403 ; Euric's
expedition into, 283 ; waning power of
the Romans in, 305, 399, 413 sq. ; 306 ;
Magyars penetrate to, 356; 375; 393 ;
saved for Rome by Wallia, 404; 405,
407, 409; Theodoric II conquers Suevic
kingdom in, 421 sq. ; Majorian and,
423; 430; Amalaric established in, 452;
spread of monasticism in, 532 sq. ; relic
of pre-Roman times in, 546; export trade
of, 548
Spalato, Archdeacon of.
See Thomas
Sparta, 16; Goths in, 261, 457
Speier, conquered by Alemanni, 266
Spoleto, 536
Spree, River, 198
Spreewald, 187
Squillace, monastery of Cassiodorus at,
538
Staines (Pontes), Roman road through, 376
Stainmoor, Roman road over, 377
Stephen, Bishop of Antioch, plot of, 126;
disgraced and deposed, 130
medallion, 606
Studium monastery, founded, 516; under
Theodore, 529
Stuf, nephew of Cerdic, said to have
occupied the Isle of Wight, 383, 389
Styria, Roumanians in, 356
Suani, allies of Persia, attacked by Gobazes,
469
Subiaco, St Benedict at, 536 sq. , 541
Succi, Pass of (Iron Gate), 60; Julian at,
75 sq. ; 220
Sudetes, Mts, 185, 196; Teutons cross the,
197
Sudini, 196
Suebi. See Suevi
Suebi Nicretes, 189
Suevi (Suebi, Sueves), Teutonic tribes, 67,
71; invasion of, 189, 193 sq.