wergendra
tō lȳt þrong ymbe þēoden
(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret.
(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret.
Beowulf
--2) _fate,
providence, issue_: gen. sg. ge-þinges, 398, 710; (ge-þingea, MS. ), 525.
ge-þingan, st. v. , _to grow, mature, thrive_ (Dietrich, Haupt IX. , 430):
pret. part. cwēn mōde ge-þungen (_mature-minded, high-spirited, queen_),
625. See wēl-þungen.
ge-þingan (see ge-þing), w. v. : 1) _to conclude a treaty_: w. refl. dat,
_enter into a treaty_: pres. sg. III. gif him þonne Hrēðrīc tō hofum Gēata
ge-þingeð _(if H. enters into a treaty_ (seeks aid at? ) _with the court of
the Gēatas_, referring to the old German custom of princes entering the
service or suite of a foreign king), 1838. Leo. --2) _to prepare, appoint_:
pret. part. wiste [æt] þǣm āhlǣcan . . . hilde ge-þinged, 648; hraðe wæs . . .
mēce ge-þinged, 1939.
þingian, w. v. : 1) _to speak in an assembly, make an address_: inf. ne
hȳrde ic snotor-līcor on swā geongum feore guman þingian (_I never heard a
man so young speak so wisely_), 1844. --2) _to compound, settle, lay aside_:
inf. ne wolde feorh-bealo . . . fēo þingian (_would not compound the
life-bale for money_), 156; so, pret. sg. þā fǣhðe fēo þingode, 470.
þīhan. See þēon.
þin, possess, pron. , _thy, thine_, 267, 346, 353, 367, 459, etc.
ge-þōht, st. m. , _thought, plan_: acc. sg. ān-fealdne ge-þōht, 256;
fæst-rǣdne ge-þōht, 611.
þolian, w. v. w. acc. : 1) _to endure, bear_: inf. (inwid-sorge) þolian,
833; pres. sg. III. þrēa-nȳd þolað, 284; pret. sg. þolode þrȳðswȳð,
131. --2) _to hold out, stand, survive_: pres. sg. (intrans. ) þenden þis
sweord þolað (_as long as this sword holds out_), 2500; pret. sg. (sēo ecg)
þolode ǣr fela hand-gemōta, 1526.
ge-þolian: 1) _to suffer, bear, endure_: gerund. tō ge-þolianne, 1420;
pret. sg. earfoð-lice þrāge ge-þolode. . . , þæt hē . . . drēam gehȳrde (_bore
ill that he heard the sound of joy_), 87; torn ge-þolode (_bore the
misery_), 147. --2) _to have patience, wait_: inf. þǣr hē longe sceal on þæs
waldendes wǣre ge-þolian, 3110.
þon (Goth, þan) = _tum, then, now_, 504; æfter þon (_after that_), 725; ǣr
þon dæg cwōme (_ere day came_), 732; nō þon lange (_it was not long till
then_), 2424; næs þā long tō þon (_it was not long till then_), 2592, 2846;
wæs him se man tō þon lēof þæt . . . _(the man was to that degree dear to him
that . . . _), 1877.
þonne: 1) adv. , _there, then, now_, 377, 435, 525, 1105, 1456, 1485, 1672,
1823, 3052, 3098(? ). --2) conj. , _if, when, while_: a) w. indic. , 573, 881,
935, 1034, 1041, 1043, 1144, 1286, 1327, 1328, 1375, etc. ; þæt ic
gum-cystum gōdne funde bēaga bryttan, brēac þonne mōste (_that I found a
good ring-giver and enjoyed him whilst I could_), 1488. b) w. subj. , 23,
1180, 3065; þonne . . . þonne (_then . . . when_), 484-85, 2447-48; gif þonne
. . . þonne (_if then . . . then_), 1105-1107. c) _than_ after comparatives, 44,
248, 469, 505, 534, 679, 1140, 1183, etc. ; a comparative must be supplied,
l. 70, before þone: þæt hē . . . hātan wolde medo-ærn micel men ge-wyrcean
þone yldo bearn ǣfre ge-frūnon (_a great mead-house_ (greater) _than men
had ever known_).
þracu, st. f. , _strength, boldness_: in comp. mōd-þracu; = impetus in
ecg-þracu.
þrāg, st. f. , _period of time, time_: nom. sg. þā hine sīo þrāg be-cwōm
(_when the_ [battle]-_hour befell him_), 2884; acc. sg. þrāge (_for a
time_), 87; longe (lange) þrāge, 54, 114. --Comp. earfoð-þrāg.
ge-þræc, st. n. , _multitude, crowd_: in comp. searo-ge-þræc.
þrec-wudu, st. m. , (_might-wood_), _spear_ (cf. mægen-wudu): acc. sg. ,
1247.
þrēa, st. m. f. , _misery, distress_: in comp. þēod-þrēa, þrēa-nēdla, -nȳd.
þrēa-nēdla, w. m. , _crushing distress, misery_: dat. sg. for þrēa-nēdlan,
2225.
þrea-nȳd, st. f. , _oppression, distress_: acc. sg. þrēa-nȳd, 284; dat.
pl. þrēa-nȳdum, 833.
þrēat, st. m. , _troop, band_: dat. sg. on þām þrēate, 2407; dat. pl.
sceaðena þrēatum, 4. --Comp. īren-þrēat.
þrēatian, w. v. w. acc. , _to press, oppress_: pret. pl. mec . . . þrēatedon,
560.
þreot-teoða, num. adj. w. m. , _thirteenth_: nom. sg. þreot-teoða secg,
2407.
þrēo, num. (neut. ), _three_: acc. þrīo wicg, 2175; þrēo hund wintra, 2279.
þridda, num. adj. w. m. , _third_: instr. þriddan sīðe, 2689.
ge-þring, st. n. , _eddy, whirlpool, crush_: acc. on holma ge-þring, 2133.
þringan, st. v. , _to press_: pret. sg.
wergendra tō lȳt þrong ymbe þēoden
(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret. pl. syððan
Hrēðlingas tō hagan þrungon (_after the Hrethlingas had pressed into the
hedge_), 2961.
for-þringan, _to press out; rescue, protect_: inf. þæt hē ne mehte . . . þā
wēa-lāfe wīge for-þringan þēodnes þegne (_that he could not rescue the
wretched remnant from the king's thane by war_), 1085.
ge-þringan, _to press_: pret. sg. cēol up geþrang (_the ship shot up_),
i. e. on the shore in landing), 1913.
þrītig, num. , _thirty_ (neut. subst. ): acc. sg. w. partitive gen. : þrītig
þegna, 123; gen. þrīttiges (XXXtiges MS. ) manna, 379.
þrīst-hȳdig, adj. , _bold-minded, valorous_: nom. sg. þīoden þrīst-hȳdig
(Bēowulf), 2811.
þrowian, w. v. w. acc. , _to suffer, endure_: inf. (hāt, gnorn) þrowian,
2606, 2659; pret. sg. þrowade, 1590, 1722; þrowode, 2595.
þrȳð, st. f. , _abundance, multitude_, _excellence, power_: instr. pl.
þrȳðum (_excellently, extremely; excellent in strength? _), 494.
þrȳð-ærn, st. n. , _excellent house, royal hall_: acc. sg. (of Heorot),
658.
þrȳðlīc, adj. , _excellent, chosen_: nom. sg. þrȳð-līc þegna hēap, 400,
1628; superl. acc. pl. þrȳð-līcost, 2870.
þrȳð-swȳð, st. n. ? , _great pain_ (? ): acc. , 131, 737 [? adj. , _very
powerful, exceeding strong_].
þrȳð-word, st. n. , _bold speech, choice discourse_: nom. sg. , 644. (Great
store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's Nibelunge, 1612; Rīgsmāl,
29, 7, in Möbius, p. 79b, 22. )
þrym, st. m. : 1) _power, might, force_: nom. sg. ȳða þrym, 1919; instr.
pl. = adv. þrymmum (_powerfully_), 235. --2) _glory, renown_: acc. sg. þrym,
2. --Comp. hyge-þrym.
þrym-līc, adj. , _powerful, mighty_: nom. sg. þrec-wudu þrym-līc (_the
mighty spear_), 1247.
þū, pron. , _thou_, 366, 407, 445, etc. ; acc. sg. þec (poetic), 948, 2152,
etc. ; þē, 417, 426, 517, etc. ; after compar. sēlran þē (_a better one than
thee_), 1851. See gē.
þunca, w. m. See æf-þunca.
ge-þungen. See ge-þingan, st. v.
þurfan, pret. -pres. v. , _to need_: pres. sg. II. nō þū ne þearft . . .
sorgian (_needest not care_), 450; so, 445, 1675; III. ne þearf . . .
onsittan (_need not fear_), 596; so, 2007, 2742; pres. subj. þæt hē . . .
sēcean þurfe, 2496; pret. sg. þorfte, 157, 1027, 1072, 2875, 2996; pl.
nealles Hetware hrēmge þorfton (i. e. wesan) fēðe-wīges (_needed not boast
of their foot-fight_), 2365.
ge-þuren. See þweran.
þurh, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local, _through,
throughout_: wōd þā þurh þone wæl-rēc (_went then through the
battle-reek_), 2662. --II. causal: l) _on account of, for the sake of, owing
to_: þurh slīðne nīð (_through fierce hostility, heathenism_), 184; þurh
holdne hige (_from friendliness_), 267; so, þurh rūmne sefan, 278; þurh
sīdne sefan, 1727; ēoweð þurh egsan uncūðne nīð (_shows unheard-of
hostility by the terror he causes_), 276; so, 1102, 1336, 2046. 2) _by
means of, through_: heaðo-rǣs for-nam mihtig mere-dēor þurh mīne hand, 558;
þurh ānes cræft, 700; so, 941, 1694, 1696, 1980, 2406, 3069.
þus, adv. , _so, thus_, 238, 337, 430.
þunian, w. v. , _to din, sound forth_: pret. sg. sund-wudu þunede, 1907.
þūsend, num. , _thousand_: 1) fem. acc. ic þē þūsenda þegna bringe tō helpe,
1830. --2) neut. with measure of value (sceat) omitted: acc. seofan þūsendo,
2196; gen. hund-þūsenda landes and locenra bēaga (100,000 _sceattas' worth
of land and rings_), 2995. --3) uninflected: acc. þūsend wintra, 3051.
þwǣre, adj. , _affable, mild_: in comp. man-þwǣre.
ge-þwǣre, adj. , _gentle, mild_: nom. pl. ge-þwǣre, 1231.
ge-þweran, st. v. , _to forge, strike_: pret. part. heoru . . . hamere
ge-þuren (for ge-þworen) (_hammer-forged sword_), 1286.
þȳhtig. See þīhtig.
ge-þyld (see þolian), st. f. : 1) _patience, endurance_: acc. sg. ge-þyld,
1396. --2) _steadfastness_: instr. pl. = adv. : ge-þyldum (_steadfastly,
patiently_), 1706.
þyle, st. m. , _spokesman, leader of the conversation at court_: nom. sg. ,
1166, 1457.
þyncan, þincean, w. v. w. dat. of pers. , _to seem, appear_: pres. sg. III.
þinceð him tō lȳtel (_it seems to him too little_), 1749; ne þynceð mē
gerysne, þæt wē _(it seemeth to me not fit that we_ . . . ), 2654; pres. pl.
hȳ . . . wyrðe þinceað eorla ge-æhtlan (_they seem worthy contenders with_
(? ) _earls_; or, _worthy warriors_), 368; pres.
providence, issue_: gen. sg. ge-þinges, 398, 710; (ge-þingea, MS. ), 525.
ge-þingan, st. v. , _to grow, mature, thrive_ (Dietrich, Haupt IX. , 430):
pret. part. cwēn mōde ge-þungen (_mature-minded, high-spirited, queen_),
625. See wēl-þungen.
ge-þingan (see ge-þing), w. v. : 1) _to conclude a treaty_: w. refl. dat,
_enter into a treaty_: pres. sg. III. gif him þonne Hrēðrīc tō hofum Gēata
ge-þingeð _(if H. enters into a treaty_ (seeks aid at? ) _with the court of
the Gēatas_, referring to the old German custom of princes entering the
service or suite of a foreign king), 1838. Leo. --2) _to prepare, appoint_:
pret. part. wiste [æt] þǣm āhlǣcan . . . hilde ge-þinged, 648; hraðe wæs . . .
mēce ge-þinged, 1939.
þingian, w. v. : 1) _to speak in an assembly, make an address_: inf. ne
hȳrde ic snotor-līcor on swā geongum feore guman þingian (_I never heard a
man so young speak so wisely_), 1844. --2) _to compound, settle, lay aside_:
inf. ne wolde feorh-bealo . . . fēo þingian (_would not compound the
life-bale for money_), 156; so, pret. sg. þā fǣhðe fēo þingode, 470.
þīhan. See þēon.
þin, possess, pron. , _thy, thine_, 267, 346, 353, 367, 459, etc.
ge-þōht, st. m. , _thought, plan_: acc. sg. ān-fealdne ge-þōht, 256;
fæst-rǣdne ge-þōht, 611.
þolian, w. v. w. acc. : 1) _to endure, bear_: inf. (inwid-sorge) þolian,
833; pres. sg. III. þrēa-nȳd þolað, 284; pret. sg. þolode þrȳðswȳð,
131. --2) _to hold out, stand, survive_: pres. sg. (intrans. ) þenden þis
sweord þolað (_as long as this sword holds out_), 2500; pret. sg. (sēo ecg)
þolode ǣr fela hand-gemōta, 1526.
ge-þolian: 1) _to suffer, bear, endure_: gerund. tō ge-þolianne, 1420;
pret. sg. earfoð-lice þrāge ge-þolode. . . , þæt hē . . . drēam gehȳrde (_bore
ill that he heard the sound of joy_), 87; torn ge-þolode (_bore the
misery_), 147. --2) _to have patience, wait_: inf. þǣr hē longe sceal on þæs
waldendes wǣre ge-þolian, 3110.
þon (Goth, þan) = _tum, then, now_, 504; æfter þon (_after that_), 725; ǣr
þon dæg cwōme (_ere day came_), 732; nō þon lange (_it was not long till
then_), 2424; næs þā long tō þon (_it was not long till then_), 2592, 2846;
wæs him se man tō þon lēof þæt . . . _(the man was to that degree dear to him
that . . . _), 1877.
þonne: 1) adv. , _there, then, now_, 377, 435, 525, 1105, 1456, 1485, 1672,
1823, 3052, 3098(? ). --2) conj. , _if, when, while_: a) w. indic. , 573, 881,
935, 1034, 1041, 1043, 1144, 1286, 1327, 1328, 1375, etc. ; þæt ic
gum-cystum gōdne funde bēaga bryttan, brēac þonne mōste (_that I found a
good ring-giver and enjoyed him whilst I could_), 1488. b) w. subj. , 23,
1180, 3065; þonne . . . þonne (_then . . . when_), 484-85, 2447-48; gif þonne
. . . þonne (_if then . . . then_), 1105-1107. c) _than_ after comparatives, 44,
248, 469, 505, 534, 679, 1140, 1183, etc. ; a comparative must be supplied,
l. 70, before þone: þæt hē . . . hātan wolde medo-ærn micel men ge-wyrcean
þone yldo bearn ǣfre ge-frūnon (_a great mead-house_ (greater) _than men
had ever known_).
þracu, st. f. , _strength, boldness_: in comp. mōd-þracu; = impetus in
ecg-þracu.
þrāg, st. f. , _period of time, time_: nom. sg. þā hine sīo þrāg be-cwōm
(_when the_ [battle]-_hour befell him_), 2884; acc. sg. þrāge (_for a
time_), 87; longe (lange) þrāge, 54, 114. --Comp. earfoð-þrāg.
ge-þræc, st. n. , _multitude, crowd_: in comp. searo-ge-þræc.
þrec-wudu, st. m. , (_might-wood_), _spear_ (cf. mægen-wudu): acc. sg. ,
1247.
þrēa, st. m. f. , _misery, distress_: in comp. þēod-þrēa, þrēa-nēdla, -nȳd.
þrēa-nēdla, w. m. , _crushing distress, misery_: dat. sg. for þrēa-nēdlan,
2225.
þrea-nȳd, st. f. , _oppression, distress_: acc. sg. þrēa-nȳd, 284; dat.
pl. þrēa-nȳdum, 833.
þrēat, st. m. , _troop, band_: dat. sg. on þām þrēate, 2407; dat. pl.
sceaðena þrēatum, 4. --Comp. īren-þrēat.
þrēatian, w. v. w. acc. , _to press, oppress_: pret. pl. mec . . . þrēatedon,
560.
þreot-teoða, num. adj. w. m. , _thirteenth_: nom. sg. þreot-teoða secg,
2407.
þrēo, num. (neut. ), _three_: acc. þrīo wicg, 2175; þrēo hund wintra, 2279.
þridda, num. adj. w. m. , _third_: instr. þriddan sīðe, 2689.
ge-þring, st. n. , _eddy, whirlpool, crush_: acc. on holma ge-þring, 2133.
þringan, st. v. , _to press_: pret. sg.
wergendra tō lȳt þrong ymbe þēoden
(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret. pl. syððan
Hrēðlingas tō hagan þrungon (_after the Hrethlingas had pressed into the
hedge_), 2961.
for-þringan, _to press out; rescue, protect_: inf. þæt hē ne mehte . . . þā
wēa-lāfe wīge for-þringan þēodnes þegne (_that he could not rescue the
wretched remnant from the king's thane by war_), 1085.
ge-þringan, _to press_: pret. sg. cēol up geþrang (_the ship shot up_),
i. e. on the shore in landing), 1913.
þrītig, num. , _thirty_ (neut. subst. ): acc. sg. w. partitive gen. : þrītig
þegna, 123; gen. þrīttiges (XXXtiges MS. ) manna, 379.
þrīst-hȳdig, adj. , _bold-minded, valorous_: nom. sg. þīoden þrīst-hȳdig
(Bēowulf), 2811.
þrowian, w. v. w. acc. , _to suffer, endure_: inf. (hāt, gnorn) þrowian,
2606, 2659; pret. sg. þrowade, 1590, 1722; þrowode, 2595.
þrȳð, st. f. , _abundance, multitude_, _excellence, power_: instr. pl.
þrȳðum (_excellently, extremely; excellent in strength? _), 494.
þrȳð-ærn, st. n. , _excellent house, royal hall_: acc. sg. (of Heorot),
658.
þrȳðlīc, adj. , _excellent, chosen_: nom. sg. þrȳð-līc þegna hēap, 400,
1628; superl. acc. pl. þrȳð-līcost, 2870.
þrȳð-swȳð, st. n. ? , _great pain_ (? ): acc. , 131, 737 [? adj. , _very
powerful, exceeding strong_].
þrȳð-word, st. n. , _bold speech, choice discourse_: nom. sg. , 644. (Great
store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's Nibelunge, 1612; Rīgsmāl,
29, 7, in Möbius, p. 79b, 22. )
þrym, st. m. : 1) _power, might, force_: nom. sg. ȳða þrym, 1919; instr.
pl. = adv. þrymmum (_powerfully_), 235. --2) _glory, renown_: acc. sg. þrym,
2. --Comp. hyge-þrym.
þrym-līc, adj. , _powerful, mighty_: nom. sg. þrec-wudu þrym-līc (_the
mighty spear_), 1247.
þū, pron. , _thou_, 366, 407, 445, etc. ; acc. sg. þec (poetic), 948, 2152,
etc. ; þē, 417, 426, 517, etc. ; after compar. sēlran þē (_a better one than
thee_), 1851. See gē.
þunca, w. m. See æf-þunca.
ge-þungen. See ge-þingan, st. v.
þurfan, pret. -pres. v. , _to need_: pres. sg. II. nō þū ne þearft . . .
sorgian (_needest not care_), 450; so, 445, 1675; III. ne þearf . . .
onsittan (_need not fear_), 596; so, 2007, 2742; pres. subj. þæt hē . . .
sēcean þurfe, 2496; pret. sg. þorfte, 157, 1027, 1072, 2875, 2996; pl.
nealles Hetware hrēmge þorfton (i. e. wesan) fēðe-wīges (_needed not boast
of their foot-fight_), 2365.
ge-þuren. See þweran.
þurh, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local, _through,
throughout_: wōd þā þurh þone wæl-rēc (_went then through the
battle-reek_), 2662. --II. causal: l) _on account of, for the sake of, owing
to_: þurh slīðne nīð (_through fierce hostility, heathenism_), 184; þurh
holdne hige (_from friendliness_), 267; so, þurh rūmne sefan, 278; þurh
sīdne sefan, 1727; ēoweð þurh egsan uncūðne nīð (_shows unheard-of
hostility by the terror he causes_), 276; so, 1102, 1336, 2046. 2) _by
means of, through_: heaðo-rǣs for-nam mihtig mere-dēor þurh mīne hand, 558;
þurh ānes cræft, 700; so, 941, 1694, 1696, 1980, 2406, 3069.
þus, adv. , _so, thus_, 238, 337, 430.
þunian, w. v. , _to din, sound forth_: pret. sg. sund-wudu þunede, 1907.
þūsend, num. , _thousand_: 1) fem. acc. ic þē þūsenda þegna bringe tō helpe,
1830. --2) neut. with measure of value (sceat) omitted: acc. seofan þūsendo,
2196; gen. hund-þūsenda landes and locenra bēaga (100,000 _sceattas' worth
of land and rings_), 2995. --3) uninflected: acc. þūsend wintra, 3051.
þwǣre, adj. , _affable, mild_: in comp. man-þwǣre.
ge-þwǣre, adj. , _gentle, mild_: nom. pl. ge-þwǣre, 1231.
ge-þweran, st. v. , _to forge, strike_: pret. part. heoru . . . hamere
ge-þuren (for ge-þworen) (_hammer-forged sword_), 1286.
þȳhtig. See þīhtig.
ge-þyld (see þolian), st. f. : 1) _patience, endurance_: acc. sg. ge-þyld,
1396. --2) _steadfastness_: instr. pl. = adv. : ge-þyldum (_steadfastly,
patiently_), 1706.
þyle, st. m. , _spokesman, leader of the conversation at court_: nom. sg. ,
1166, 1457.
þyncan, þincean, w. v. w. dat. of pers. , _to seem, appear_: pres. sg. III.
þinceð him tō lȳtel (_it seems to him too little_), 1749; ne þynceð mē
gerysne, þæt wē _(it seemeth to me not fit that we_ . . . ), 2654; pres. pl.
hȳ . . . wyrðe þinceað eorla ge-æhtlan (_they seem worthy contenders with_
(? ) _earls_; or, _worthy warriors_), 368; pres.
