as far as we can observe it, is filled by two currents
pleting the excavation of the castle area.
pleting the excavation of the castle area.
Athenaeum - London - 1912a
Lea.
specifying in any way the effect of a collision. how fruitless it would be to dig below the Norman
Geological, 8. -'On an Iplier of Longmyndian and Cambrian
*Note on the Scattering of a-Particles,' by Dr. level.
Rocks at Pedward wine, Herefordshire,' Dr. A. H. Cox.
H. Geiger. In a previous paper experiments Excavations meanwhile had been proceeding
Society of Arts, 8. -The Influence of Ozono in Ventilation,'
Messrs. L. Bill and M. Flack.
were described on the scattering of the a-particles in the south-east section of the area, and resulted Thurs. Royal Institution, 3 - The Phenomena of Splashes,' Lecture II. ,
by foils of various materials and thicknesses. in the discovery of a building containing ovens,
Prof. A. M. Worthington.
Royal Academy, 4. -'Some Draughtsmen of the Sixteenth
The present note dealt with a theoretical examina- probably the bakery and brewhouse. Finally,
Century:
Bramante, Da Sangallo, Du Cerceau, De l'Orme,'
tion of the question. The scattering was con- those parts of the northern area left unexcavated
Prof. R. T. Blomfield.
Royal, 4. 30. -The Spectrum of Comet Brooks (1911 C). ' 81r N.
sidered as the result of a multitude of small in former seasons were dug out, thus completing
Lockyer; 'A Chemically Active Modification of Nitrogen
deflections of the a-particle by the individual the excavation of this part of the site of Old
produced by the Electric Discharge, III. , the Hon. R. J.
Strutt: The Atomic Weight of Radium, Mr. R. Whytlaw.
atoms of the matter traversed.
Sarum. Among the finds were a gold ring of
Gray and Sir W. Ramsay; and other rapers.
The Effect of Temperature upon Radio-active the Stuart period, a certain amount of pottery,
Society of Arts, 4. 30. - the
North-East Frontier of India,"
Col. Sir T. H. Holdich.
Disintegration,' by Mr. A. S. Russell. The effect of and a metal object, partly gilded, resembling the London Institution, 6. - Songs and Ballads of Sir Arthur
temperature upon the rate of decay, and the amount, handle of a drawer, though its use was uncertain.
Sullivan,' Mr. J. Booth,
of B and y ray activity, of radium emanation, Mr. Percy Stone read an * Account of the
Institution of Electrical Engineers, 8. - High Voltage Testa
and Energy Losses in Insulating Materials, Hr. R. H.
of active deposit, and of radium C has been Excavations of Pits in the Isle of Wight. ' In
Rayper
investigated. The results are entirely negative. 1856 the Rev. Edmund Kell, a well-known Society of Antiquaries, 8. 30. -Ordinary Meeting.
Fri. Institution of Civil Engineers, 8. - Steam. Turbiner: some
All abnormalities of activity of B rays obtained Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, carefully
Practical Applications of Theory,' Lecture IL, Capt. H. Riall
by previous authors, and by the author in this investigated the pits in the Rowborough Valley,
Bankey. (Students' Meeting. )
research, may be completely explained on two
on the south side of the main down traversing the
Royal Institution, 9. - Very High Temperatures,' Dr. J. A.
Harker.
Isle of Wight from east to west.
simple grounds. The first of these is a change of
Royal Institution, 3. - 'Franz Liszt (Centenary), Sir A.
Mackenzie.
distribution of radium C caused by its partial
If Kell's results are compared with those of
volatilization inside the quartz tube at tempera-
Mr. Stone, Mr. Reginald Smith, and Mr. Colenutt,
tures greater than 320°. The second is a change
it can only be said that his theory of pit villages
in the partition of radium C between the walls of
on the island downs must fail. Animal bones,
the quartz envelope and the space enclosed. which may be relied on as evidence, may be
At room temperature the greater part of the found broadcast on these downs. Fire traces
radium C is usually on the walls. At room
can be accounted for by lightning--as was
temperature, after the tube has been cooled
shown in many cases in the Newbarn pits,
THE GOLD MEDAL of the Royal Astro-
suddenly from high temperatures, it is entirely where under the burnt Aints were dug up lumps nomical Society has been awarded to Mr.
on the walls. Above 650° the radium is dis- of iron pirites. Kell's flint " floor. " in pit 45, A. R. Hinks for his determination of the
tributed homogeneously throughout the volume Rowborough Bottom, turned out on investigation solar parallax from observations of Eros.
of the tube. Each of these partitions gives a
to be absolutely natural; and his pond of " never-
different Bray ionization in
It will be remembered that, during a near
an electroscope, failing water " was found, in the October of last
because the average path of the rays through
year, dry as a bone.
approach of Eros to the earth in the winter
the walls of the quartz envelope depends upon
of 1900-1, a parallax campaign was under-
the partition. Under the conditions of experi-
ment, radium B and radium C, and very probably
ROYAL NUMISMATIC. -Jan. 18. —Sir Henry H.
taken by a number of co-operating observa-
Howorth in the chair. · Messrs. Cumberland
tories as a digression from their regular work
radium A, may be completely volatilized inside
sealed quartz tubes at a temperature of 650°.
Clark, Hubert A. Druce, and R. H. Forster were on the International Astrographic Star Map.
Radium
volatilize
B begins to
at room
elected Fellows.
The whole series of observations has been
temperature,
Mr. H. A. Grueber read, an account of the collated with great labour and skill by Mr.
On the Relation between Current, Voltage,
Quarter-Angel of James 1: This piece, which Hinks, First Assistant at the Cambridge
Pressure, and the Length of the Dark Space in
was recently presented to the British Museum,
Different Gages,' by Messrs. F. W. Aston and
is not merely the only quarter-angel known of Observatory, his final result for the solar
H. E. Watson
James I. , but is believed to be the only coin that parallax being 8*. 8067. The
official”
On the Viscosities of Gaseous Chlorine and
has survived of an issue of 36 pounds of value of this quantity adopted in the national
Bromine,' by Dr. A. O. Rankine. By means of
Angel coin (angels, half- and quarter-angels) ephemerides is 8*. 80, in accordance with the
issued in 1603-4.
a method resembling in some respects that de-
Mr. G. C. Brooke read a paper on The Tax
decision of the Paris Conference of May, 1896.
scribed by the author in earlier communications,
the viscosities of chlorine and bromine have been
called Monetagium and the Sequence of the Coin- THE ROYAL SOCIETY will this year cele-
compared with that of air. From these ratios
Types of William II. ' This tax had been made a
brate the 250th anniversary of its incorpora-
the absolute values are deduced.
basis for fixing the dates of issue of the types of
• The Testing of Plane Surfaces,' by Dr. P. E.
William I. and II. on the assumption that it was
tion, its first charter having passed the
Shaw.
a tax paid every three years, on condition that Great Seal on July 15th, 1862, Lord
' Antelope infected with Trypanosoma gambi-
the king did not change the money more than Brouncker being then created President.
ense,' by Capt. A. D. Fraser and Dr. H. L. Duke.
once in that period. Mr. Brooke, however, con-
I. Antelope may remain in apparently perfect
sidered that it was probably an imposition by
The year 1662 may thus be taken as the
health for a year after having been infected
William I. upon the shires and boroughs for the
date of official recognition ; but Weld, in
with a human strain of T. gambiense.
local mints which he allowed them to retain,
his ‘History' of the famous corporation,
II. One antelope was still capable of infecting change of coin-types.
and that it could have had no influence on the says that the year 1660 may be regarded as
clean laboratory-bred Glossina palpalis 315 days
the date of its establishment, though there
after it had been infected.
is no doubt that a society of learned men
III. A small quantity of blood taken from one
antelope 327 days after its infection was proved
INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. -Jan. 30. -
were in the habit of assembling to discuss
by inoculation into a white rat to be infective.
Mr. R. J. Durley read a paper on The Central scientific subjects for many years previously.
IV. As the interval after the infection of Heating, and Power-Plant of McGill University, The Committee of the Paris Academy of
antelopes increases, their infectivity, as tested by
Montreal. ' The paper described the arrange- Sciences have selected M. Lippmann, the
cycle transmission experiments, dissection
ment and equipment of a central heating plant, President, to represent their body at the
of flies which have fed upon them, and by the
combined with an electric light and power station,
celebration in England.
injection of the buck's blood into susceptible designed to serve the various buildings of McGill
animals, appears to diminish.
University. A brief discussion of the systems An interesting reference to the two star-
V. A duiker was infected with a human strain
of heating and ventilation in general use in
of T'. gambiense by feeding infected G. palpalis
Canada for large buildings, and a description time and attention of astronomers during
drifts that have occupied so much of the
upon it.
of the nature of the demand for steam and current
for University purposes, were followed by notes recent years occurs in Mr. George Peel's
as to some of the problems arising in the design "The Future of England,' reviewed by us
SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. Jan. 25. - Dr.
and construction of underground piping systems
on December 16th, 1911. On p. 39 the
C. H. Read, President, in the chair. —Lieut. -Col.
for steam and hot water.
author writes :
Hawley read the ' Report on the Excavations in
Old Sarum in 1911. '
According to modern astronomy, the sky,
Work during the season was confined to com-
MEETINGS NEXT WEEK.
as far as we can observe it, is filled by two currents
pleting the excavation of the castle area. The
Mox. Royal Academy, 4. -'Architectural Drawing and Illustration :
of worlds, of like chemical constitution and probe
results were in marked contrast to those of other
Villars d. Honecourt, Prof. R. T. Blomfield.
ably of like origin, moving in opposite direc-
years, as but few remains of masonry were dis-
London Institution, 6. –The Evolution of England. ' Prof. tions through space. "
A. F. Pollard.
covered. But the work has been interesting and Royal Institution, 5. -General Meeting
Though not stated in the precise language of
instructive, and has shown that the principal
Society of Engineers, 7. 30. -Presidential Address.
Aristotelian, 8 - The Relation of Willing to Cognition,' Prof.
buildings lay to the north of the castle site.
science, the root of the matter is here, and it
In
G. Dawes Hicks.
the south-west portion of the area was situated
Institute of British Architects, 8. -President's Address to is a mitigation of the intellectual isolation
Students.
the Hall, of which it was hoped to recover the Society of Arts, 8. —'The Meat Industry,' Lecture I. , Mr. L. M.
of the astronomer to find that such discoveries
plan, but unfortunately nothing now remained
Douglas. (Captor Lecture. )
are known to, and their importance appre-
TUES. Royal Institution, 3. - The Study of Genetics,' Lecture IV. ,
except the foundation and a few courses of the
Prof. W. Bateson.
ciated by, educated people whose pursuits
south wall, and a short piece of wall returning from
Institution of Civil Engineers, 8. -The Water-Supply of the
Witwatersrand,' Mr. D. O. Leitch; 'Investigatious relating
are far removed from his own.
it on the north-west.
It should,
to the Yield of a Catchmont-Aren in Cape Colony. ' Mr. E. C.
Attention was next directed to a depression
Bartlett
perhaps, be emphasized that the star-drifts
in the centre of this northern portion of the area.
Anthropological Institute, 8. 15 - The Kuyak in North- referred to are movements of our nearer
Western Kurope,'
Mr. D. Mac Ritchie.
This proved to be another well, but the sinking
Zoological, 8 30 - Report on the benths which occurred in neighbours in the stellar universe, and that
had never been completed. Towards the end
the Zoological Gardens during 1911,' Mr. A. G. Plimmer:
of the season it was decided to search the sides
we are not yet able to say whether the more
on Experimental Pheasant Breeding, Mrs. & Haig
Mendelian Sxperiments on Fowls,' Mr. J. T.
of this well for the old ground level. It was
Oupniogham; 'A Further Collection of Mammals from
distant stars forming the Milky Way par.
found 17 ft. below the surface, and consisted of
Egypt and Stuai," Mr. J. Lowla Bophoto ; "On
the Palring of ticipate in these movements. The existence
the gravel which caps the top of the Castle Hill. WED. Archeological Institute, 4. 30:- The Original Drawings for the of a third drift, consisting of stars more
Palace of Whitehall, attributed to Inigo Jones,' r. J. A.
Some fragments of Roman pottery and three
Gotch.
distant than those constituting the two
ווו ו ן
-
Thomas;
## p. 135 (#117) ############################################
No. 4397, FEB. 3, 1912
135
THE ATHENÆUM
Some
course.
are
some
corners,
are
recognized drifts, has, however, been sus-
On p. 170, in a chapter devoted to
pected.
'Current Practice,' appears the following:
In view of Dr. Allen Harker's lecture on
FINE ARTS
“One of the most remarkable innovations in
* High Temperatures 'at the Royal Institu-
building economics of recent years has been the
tion next Friday, arrangements have been
introduction of artificial stones. This has proved
made for a special electric current to be
of immense benefit, because these materials are
laid on from Deptford. It is expected that
OUR LIBRARY TABLE.
moulded, not carved, obviously a much cheaper
this will develope something approaching a
process. Moreover, they are uniform in character
temperature of 3600° C. , the highest yet mann) is a companion volume to 'Baroque tooling may be utilised to give the finishing
Romanesque Architecture in France (Heine- and appearance. . . . Where the ultra-smoothness
available for experimental purposes.
Architecture in Italy,' by Signor Ricci, touch.
A CORRESPONDENT writes :-
Director of Italian Fine Arts, reviewed in
"The lunar halo as a sky barometer suggests these pages last week. Dr. Julius Baum | What would William Morris have said of
that observers should also note the appearance is responsible for this valuable monograph on such teaching as this? Much that Mr.
of a corona and tinted clouds about the moon, French Romanesque, though it cannot be Rothery writes on current practice is en-
with the view of recording the weather conditions considered as more than an Introduction to lightened, yet he seems to yield unduly to
during the succeeding one or two days. I am
convinced from my own personal experience that
the fine views which he has brought together. the dictates of fashion. The term “ingle
such natural phenomena enable one in time It consists of a condensed historical survey, nook," applied to a fireplace more often
to become something of an expert in predicting with sufficient reference to contemporary which, it is to be hoped, has nearly run its
than not, refers to a current affectation
the weather immediately following the
work in other countries to allow the un-
vividly tinted clouds near the moon on January informed reader to “ place ” the period and
The farmhouse open fire, with its
26th were succeeded in the course of the next
twenty-four hours by the keenest frost of the
the examples discussed.
cavernous depth, its tiny seat, and smoke-
The development
present winter. ”
and connexion between architecture and
stained walls, is a thing apart, delightful
the
sculpture treated in
detail. in its original setting. To break up
MESSRS. CONSTABLE & Co. , assisted by a
Romanesque sculpture in France is so far ground plan of a modern house, with its
strong editorial committee, will begin the
publication in April next of a quarterly superior to that of neighbouring countries totally different requirements, in order to
that the subsequent triumphal progress of
obtain a sham recess, putting the actual
scientific review, to be entitled Bedrock.
fire in a further tiny recess, is an unworthy
thirteenth-century achievement is fore-
The review will be devoted to the full
shadowed. The influence of French sculp- expedient. Instead of encouraging deplor-
discussion of such subjects as the effect on
the race of native and foreign disease, of that there were important groups in France,
ture abroad does not suggest on the surface able tendencies such as this, Mr. Rothery
would be better advised in writing of the
intemperance, of city life and luxury ; the
fitness of women for government; the real Dr. Baum writes of six important groups,
rich and varied in their own developments. correct position of the fireplace in regard to
the doors and windows, and in emphasizing
nature of the psychological and physio-
some inspired by the antique, others by
the necessity of making flues larger, and
logical difference between sexes, races, and
classes ; the present relation of science former is most instructive, showing, as it
early Christian art; the influence of the taking the chimneys higher above the roof
in more generously built stacks, thus avoid-
to religion ; and theories concerning evolution does, the direct connexion between thiring the actual discomfort of draughts,
and heredity.
teenth-century Gothic sculpture and that smoky chimneys, and cosy
MESSRS. MACMILLAN & Co. hope to publish of Greece. This applies in a less noticeable
next Friday a new edition, thoroughly degree to the development of the actual plans
revised and largely rewritten, of Prof. and sections of Romanesque buildings.
Wilhelm Ostwald's Outlines of General Many of these are given in the text-indeed,
Chemistry. ' The book has been translated such illustrations essential to the
ARCHÆOLOGICAL NOTES.
by Dr. W. W. Taylor.
description and understanding of the
IN the current number of the Revue
DR. F. M. SANDWITH, the Gresham Pro- subject; but a serious defect we notice here Archéologique
M. Adolphe J. Reinach gives
fessor of Physic, will deliver at the City of impossible to grasp the true significance of Egypt during the last two years, excluding
an excellent summary of excavations in
London School four lectures on Sleeping
a plan without knowing whether the span of therefrom the work directly performed by
Sickness. ' On Tuesday, February 13th, he
a church is a dozen feet or five times that
will speak on 'The Tsetse Fly Disease of
the Service des Antiquités, which he thinks
Animals and the Early History of Sleeping
number.
is sufficiently described in Sir Gaston
Sickness'; on Wednesday on How Sleeping
Following the Introduction is a Biblio- Maspero's periodical reports to the Académie
Sickness is Conveyed Man';
on graphy, in which it is significant that the des Inscriptions. The excavation of the
Thursday on What We Know To-day most important works are by German greatest historical importance is that
about Sleeping Sickness'; and on Friday archæologists. Then come the plates, and carried out by Dr. G. Reisner at Gizeh.
he will show lantern - slides which
illustrate after the plates the list of illustrations in Here he found, as M. Reinach reminds us,
the previous lectures,
alphabetical order, with a few words of four beautifully carved bas-reliefs in dark-
description or criticism by the editor. It green slate with the figure of King Mycerinus
THE NEW LIBRARY at the Horniman is a pity that in order to obtain the fine of the Fourth Dynasty standing, between
Museum and Library, Forest Hill, will be photographic reproductions it appears to be the goddess Hathor and the divinities of
open for public use from to-day. The necessary to print upon such highly glazed different nomes.
library is a Students' Reference Library of and ponderous paper.
These give the earliest
examples of the emblems of the four nomes
recent and standard works on anthropology,
in question, and comprise the sistrum for
zoology, and botany in their several depart-
ments, supplemented by the journals and
Chimneypieces and Ingle Nooks: their | Diospolis Parva, the hare for Hermopolis,
the jackal for Cynopolis, and a goddess for
other periodical publications of learned Design and Ornamentation (Werner Laurie)
societies
is the second
Thebes. On the same site were found a
concerned
with these studies.
volume of the
There is also a small collection of recent
Decoration Series, to which Mr. Guy
diorite bowl with the name of Sneferu of the
same dynasty and two others in silex with
works in physics, chemistry, and geology, Cadogan. Rothery also contributed the first,
selected with special reference to the require that work, so in this, the author covers a
on •Ceilings and their Decoration. ' As in
the names of Hotep-sekhmui and Ra-neb,
who "should probably be assigned to the
ments of students of biology.
pædias, dictionaries, bibliographies,
and great deal of ground, the entire field
passing position gives colour to the belief formed on
Second. The finding of these bowls in juxta-
similar works of reference are provided on
under review. The investigation is thorough; other
grounds that the interval between the
the historical chapters are interesting, and
the account of the beginning and early
First Dynasty and the Pyramid-Builders
THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EXAMINA. development of the fireplace is an original
was not so long as has been thought. Many
BOARD have fixed the dates, for work of value on the archæological side.
of the pieces in question have, as M. Reinach
the examination for the National Diploma The author appears to have visited, in many
says, been removed to the Museum at Boston,
in Agriculture, which will be held at the countries, the examples he writes about';
which defrayed part of the cost of Dr.
University, Loeds, from April 20th to 26th and, although his style d933 nt suziszt t'ia Reisner's excavations, and it is a great
next,
accomplished scholar, he is not without pity that arrangements cannot be made
Forms of application may be obtained scholarly equipment. The description of
for the immediate publication of such finds.
from the Secretary, Royal Agricultural fireplaces, particularly those of which illus- In the Journal of the last-named Society
Society of England, 16, Bedford Square, trations are not given, bulks large, and is for January there appears a paper by Prof,
London, W. C. , or from the Secretary, somewhat tedious reading. The author has Lawrence Mills on Yasna XXX. published
Highland and Agricultural Society of Scot. not the gift of illuminating the present-day by him in the “Sacred Books of the East. ”
land, 3, George IV. Bridge, Edinburgh, and problems of the architect or the designer He claims this chapter as the earliest docu-
must be returned duly filled up not later ! by references to artistic examples of the ment of Persian religious literature in which
than Friday, March 1st.
past.
the doctrine of Dualism is distinctly stated,
to
“ House
open shelves.
TION
## p. 136 (#118) ############################################
136
No. 4397, FEB. 3, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
Τ
SO
a
>
and the verses, of which he offers a new were written. These range from September trator of that school of French Realism
translation, certainly seem to bear out his 12th, 471 B. C. , to February 10th, 410 b. c. , which occupies itself with a definitely rovo-
argument. They state with fair distinctness and for two of the three remaining, he lutionary criticism of society, he is tolerably
the existence of the two principles of good suggests a probable date between these effective, but most artistic in the slightly
and evil acting independently and in opposi. figures. The concordance of the Baby- less brutal, but still biting satire of the
tion, since the beginning. What they do lonian with the Julian dates he obtains series of bourgeois portraits entitled Un
not do is to indicate whether, in the opinion through a passage in Censorinus. If M. Roman’ (67–80). Madame Maxillaire a
of their author or compiler, this state of Pognon's conclusions be accepted, as seems un Bel Appartement' (72) is perfect in its
affairs is destined to last for ever, or whether likely, he will have accomplished a great observation, as is also Madame Garniture
the benevolent principle is to triumph feat in chronology,
est très liée avec les Maxillaires' (71).
at the last. This is of great importance for In the same Comptes Rendus M. Holleaux
the comparative study of religions, and it
THE drawings in brown wash which con-
announces the discovery at Delos of a stitute the principal feature of Mr. Elliott
is to be hoped that some day Prof. Mills, senatus consultum dated `166 or 165 B. C. , Seabrooke's work at the Carfax Gallery
or some other Avestic scholar, will be able settling a dispute between the High Priest display extraordinary accomplishment for
to enlighten us on the point. He gives reason
of Serapis on that island and some Athenian
for thinking that the Gathas were recited colonists. M. Holleaux promises to give Cotman and the early works of Turner
young an artist. Comparisons with
in a living language which ceased to be later the full text, with a commentary, of this naturally suggest themselves. As an oil
spoken about two centuries before the earliest decree.
painter he does not reach the same perfec-
Achæmenian inscription, and this enables
him to put them earlier than the mean
The current number of the Annals of tion, or indeed quite succeed in using his
date of 800 B. C. It also appears from his Archæology, issued by the University of material with any clear idea of the function
of colour in a design. Yet, technically,
remarks that the really characteristic feature Liverpool, contains a paper by Prof. Sayce
of the oldest Persian religion was its con-
giving an interesting reconstruction of the No. 4, “Rainsbarrow, is
is a promising
sistent deification of abstract ideas, which history of the Ethiopian Empire at Meroë, foundation if the artist should ever have
does not seem to occur again in the history where the writer was digging last year with the colourist's inspiration necessary to build
It shows a delicate hand and an
of religions until the rise of Gnosticism in Prof.
specifying in any way the effect of a collision. how fruitless it would be to dig below the Norman
Geological, 8. -'On an Iplier of Longmyndian and Cambrian
*Note on the Scattering of a-Particles,' by Dr. level.
Rocks at Pedward wine, Herefordshire,' Dr. A. H. Cox.
H. Geiger. In a previous paper experiments Excavations meanwhile had been proceeding
Society of Arts, 8. -The Influence of Ozono in Ventilation,'
Messrs. L. Bill and M. Flack.
were described on the scattering of the a-particles in the south-east section of the area, and resulted Thurs. Royal Institution, 3 - The Phenomena of Splashes,' Lecture II. ,
by foils of various materials and thicknesses. in the discovery of a building containing ovens,
Prof. A. M. Worthington.
Royal Academy, 4. -'Some Draughtsmen of the Sixteenth
The present note dealt with a theoretical examina- probably the bakery and brewhouse. Finally,
Century:
Bramante, Da Sangallo, Du Cerceau, De l'Orme,'
tion of the question. The scattering was con- those parts of the northern area left unexcavated
Prof. R. T. Blomfield.
Royal, 4. 30. -The Spectrum of Comet Brooks (1911 C). ' 81r N.
sidered as the result of a multitude of small in former seasons were dug out, thus completing
Lockyer; 'A Chemically Active Modification of Nitrogen
deflections of the a-particle by the individual the excavation of this part of the site of Old
produced by the Electric Discharge, III. , the Hon. R. J.
Strutt: The Atomic Weight of Radium, Mr. R. Whytlaw.
atoms of the matter traversed.
Sarum. Among the finds were a gold ring of
Gray and Sir W. Ramsay; and other rapers.
The Effect of Temperature upon Radio-active the Stuart period, a certain amount of pottery,
Society of Arts, 4. 30. - the
North-East Frontier of India,"
Col. Sir T. H. Holdich.
Disintegration,' by Mr. A. S. Russell. The effect of and a metal object, partly gilded, resembling the London Institution, 6. - Songs and Ballads of Sir Arthur
temperature upon the rate of decay, and the amount, handle of a drawer, though its use was uncertain.
Sullivan,' Mr. J. Booth,
of B and y ray activity, of radium emanation, Mr. Percy Stone read an * Account of the
Institution of Electrical Engineers, 8. - High Voltage Testa
and Energy Losses in Insulating Materials, Hr. R. H.
of active deposit, and of radium C has been Excavations of Pits in the Isle of Wight. ' In
Rayper
investigated. The results are entirely negative. 1856 the Rev. Edmund Kell, a well-known Society of Antiquaries, 8. 30. -Ordinary Meeting.
Fri. Institution of Civil Engineers, 8. - Steam. Turbiner: some
All abnormalities of activity of B rays obtained Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, carefully
Practical Applications of Theory,' Lecture IL, Capt. H. Riall
by previous authors, and by the author in this investigated the pits in the Rowborough Valley,
Bankey. (Students' Meeting. )
research, may be completely explained on two
on the south side of the main down traversing the
Royal Institution, 9. - Very High Temperatures,' Dr. J. A.
Harker.
Isle of Wight from east to west.
simple grounds. The first of these is a change of
Royal Institution, 3. - 'Franz Liszt (Centenary), Sir A.
Mackenzie.
distribution of radium C caused by its partial
If Kell's results are compared with those of
volatilization inside the quartz tube at tempera-
Mr. Stone, Mr. Reginald Smith, and Mr. Colenutt,
tures greater than 320°. The second is a change
it can only be said that his theory of pit villages
in the partition of radium C between the walls of
on the island downs must fail. Animal bones,
the quartz envelope and the space enclosed. which may be relied on as evidence, may be
At room temperature the greater part of the found broadcast on these downs. Fire traces
radium C is usually on the walls. At room
can be accounted for by lightning--as was
temperature, after the tube has been cooled
shown in many cases in the Newbarn pits,
THE GOLD MEDAL of the Royal Astro-
suddenly from high temperatures, it is entirely where under the burnt Aints were dug up lumps nomical Society has been awarded to Mr.
on the walls. Above 650° the radium is dis- of iron pirites. Kell's flint " floor. " in pit 45, A. R. Hinks for his determination of the
tributed homogeneously throughout the volume Rowborough Bottom, turned out on investigation solar parallax from observations of Eros.
of the tube. Each of these partitions gives a
to be absolutely natural; and his pond of " never-
different Bray ionization in
It will be remembered that, during a near
an electroscope, failing water " was found, in the October of last
because the average path of the rays through
year, dry as a bone.
approach of Eros to the earth in the winter
the walls of the quartz envelope depends upon
of 1900-1, a parallax campaign was under-
the partition. Under the conditions of experi-
ment, radium B and radium C, and very probably
ROYAL NUMISMATIC. -Jan. 18. —Sir Henry H.
taken by a number of co-operating observa-
Howorth in the chair. · Messrs. Cumberland
tories as a digression from their regular work
radium A, may be completely volatilized inside
sealed quartz tubes at a temperature of 650°.
Clark, Hubert A. Druce, and R. H. Forster were on the International Astrographic Star Map.
Radium
volatilize
B begins to
at room
elected Fellows.
The whole series of observations has been
temperature,
Mr. H. A. Grueber read, an account of the collated with great labour and skill by Mr.
On the Relation between Current, Voltage,
Quarter-Angel of James 1: This piece, which Hinks, First Assistant at the Cambridge
Pressure, and the Length of the Dark Space in
was recently presented to the British Museum,
Different Gages,' by Messrs. F. W. Aston and
is not merely the only quarter-angel known of Observatory, his final result for the solar
H. E. Watson
James I. , but is believed to be the only coin that parallax being 8*. 8067. The
official”
On the Viscosities of Gaseous Chlorine and
has survived of an issue of 36 pounds of value of this quantity adopted in the national
Bromine,' by Dr. A. O. Rankine. By means of
Angel coin (angels, half- and quarter-angels) ephemerides is 8*. 80, in accordance with the
issued in 1603-4.
a method resembling in some respects that de-
Mr. G. C. Brooke read a paper on The Tax
decision of the Paris Conference of May, 1896.
scribed by the author in earlier communications,
the viscosities of chlorine and bromine have been
called Monetagium and the Sequence of the Coin- THE ROYAL SOCIETY will this year cele-
compared with that of air. From these ratios
Types of William II. ' This tax had been made a
brate the 250th anniversary of its incorpora-
the absolute values are deduced.
basis for fixing the dates of issue of the types of
• The Testing of Plane Surfaces,' by Dr. P. E.
William I. and II. on the assumption that it was
tion, its first charter having passed the
Shaw.
a tax paid every three years, on condition that Great Seal on July 15th, 1862, Lord
' Antelope infected with Trypanosoma gambi-
the king did not change the money more than Brouncker being then created President.
ense,' by Capt. A. D. Fraser and Dr. H. L. Duke.
once in that period. Mr. Brooke, however, con-
I. Antelope may remain in apparently perfect
sidered that it was probably an imposition by
The year 1662 may thus be taken as the
health for a year after having been infected
William I. upon the shires and boroughs for the
date of official recognition ; but Weld, in
with a human strain of T. gambiense.
local mints which he allowed them to retain,
his ‘History' of the famous corporation,
II. One antelope was still capable of infecting change of coin-types.
and that it could have had no influence on the says that the year 1660 may be regarded as
clean laboratory-bred Glossina palpalis 315 days
the date of its establishment, though there
after it had been infected.
is no doubt that a society of learned men
III. A small quantity of blood taken from one
antelope 327 days after its infection was proved
INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. -Jan. 30. -
were in the habit of assembling to discuss
by inoculation into a white rat to be infective.
Mr. R. J. Durley read a paper on The Central scientific subjects for many years previously.
IV. As the interval after the infection of Heating, and Power-Plant of McGill University, The Committee of the Paris Academy of
antelopes increases, their infectivity, as tested by
Montreal. ' The paper described the arrange- Sciences have selected M. Lippmann, the
cycle transmission experiments, dissection
ment and equipment of a central heating plant, President, to represent their body at the
of flies which have fed upon them, and by the
combined with an electric light and power station,
celebration in England.
injection of the buck's blood into susceptible designed to serve the various buildings of McGill
animals, appears to diminish.
University. A brief discussion of the systems An interesting reference to the two star-
V. A duiker was infected with a human strain
of heating and ventilation in general use in
of T'. gambiense by feeding infected G. palpalis
Canada for large buildings, and a description time and attention of astronomers during
drifts that have occupied so much of the
upon it.
of the nature of the demand for steam and current
for University purposes, were followed by notes recent years occurs in Mr. George Peel's
as to some of the problems arising in the design "The Future of England,' reviewed by us
SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. Jan. 25. - Dr.
and construction of underground piping systems
on December 16th, 1911. On p. 39 the
C. H. Read, President, in the chair. —Lieut. -Col.
for steam and hot water.
author writes :
Hawley read the ' Report on the Excavations in
Old Sarum in 1911. '
According to modern astronomy, the sky,
Work during the season was confined to com-
MEETINGS NEXT WEEK.
as far as we can observe it, is filled by two currents
pleting the excavation of the castle area. The
Mox. Royal Academy, 4. -'Architectural Drawing and Illustration :
of worlds, of like chemical constitution and probe
results were in marked contrast to those of other
Villars d. Honecourt, Prof. R. T. Blomfield.
ably of like origin, moving in opposite direc-
years, as but few remains of masonry were dis-
London Institution, 6. –The Evolution of England. ' Prof. tions through space. "
A. F. Pollard.
covered. But the work has been interesting and Royal Institution, 5. -General Meeting
Though not stated in the precise language of
instructive, and has shown that the principal
Society of Engineers, 7. 30. -Presidential Address.
Aristotelian, 8 - The Relation of Willing to Cognition,' Prof.
buildings lay to the north of the castle site.
science, the root of the matter is here, and it
In
G. Dawes Hicks.
the south-west portion of the area was situated
Institute of British Architects, 8. -President's Address to is a mitigation of the intellectual isolation
Students.
the Hall, of which it was hoped to recover the Society of Arts, 8. —'The Meat Industry,' Lecture I. , Mr. L. M.
of the astronomer to find that such discoveries
plan, but unfortunately nothing now remained
Douglas. (Captor Lecture. )
are known to, and their importance appre-
TUES. Royal Institution, 3. - The Study of Genetics,' Lecture IV. ,
except the foundation and a few courses of the
Prof. W. Bateson.
ciated by, educated people whose pursuits
south wall, and a short piece of wall returning from
Institution of Civil Engineers, 8. -The Water-Supply of the
Witwatersrand,' Mr. D. O. Leitch; 'Investigatious relating
are far removed from his own.
it on the north-west.
It should,
to the Yield of a Catchmont-Aren in Cape Colony. ' Mr. E. C.
Attention was next directed to a depression
Bartlett
perhaps, be emphasized that the star-drifts
in the centre of this northern portion of the area.
Anthropological Institute, 8. 15 - The Kuyak in North- referred to are movements of our nearer
Western Kurope,'
Mr. D. Mac Ritchie.
This proved to be another well, but the sinking
Zoological, 8 30 - Report on the benths which occurred in neighbours in the stellar universe, and that
had never been completed. Towards the end
the Zoological Gardens during 1911,' Mr. A. G. Plimmer:
of the season it was decided to search the sides
we are not yet able to say whether the more
on Experimental Pheasant Breeding, Mrs. & Haig
Mendelian Sxperiments on Fowls,' Mr. J. T.
of this well for the old ground level. It was
Oupniogham; 'A Further Collection of Mammals from
distant stars forming the Milky Way par.
found 17 ft. below the surface, and consisted of
Egypt and Stuai," Mr. J. Lowla Bophoto ; "On
the Palring of ticipate in these movements. The existence
the gravel which caps the top of the Castle Hill. WED. Archeological Institute, 4. 30:- The Original Drawings for the of a third drift, consisting of stars more
Palace of Whitehall, attributed to Inigo Jones,' r. J. A.
Some fragments of Roman pottery and three
Gotch.
distant than those constituting the two
ווו ו ן
-
Thomas;
## p. 135 (#117) ############################################
No. 4397, FEB. 3, 1912
135
THE ATHENÆUM
Some
course.
are
some
corners,
are
recognized drifts, has, however, been sus-
On p. 170, in a chapter devoted to
pected.
'Current Practice,' appears the following:
In view of Dr. Allen Harker's lecture on
FINE ARTS
“One of the most remarkable innovations in
* High Temperatures 'at the Royal Institu-
building economics of recent years has been the
tion next Friday, arrangements have been
introduction of artificial stones. This has proved
made for a special electric current to be
of immense benefit, because these materials are
laid on from Deptford. It is expected that
OUR LIBRARY TABLE.
moulded, not carved, obviously a much cheaper
this will develope something approaching a
process. Moreover, they are uniform in character
temperature of 3600° C. , the highest yet mann) is a companion volume to 'Baroque tooling may be utilised to give the finishing
Romanesque Architecture in France (Heine- and appearance. . . . Where the ultra-smoothness
available for experimental purposes.
Architecture in Italy,' by Signor Ricci, touch.
A CORRESPONDENT writes :-
Director of Italian Fine Arts, reviewed in
"The lunar halo as a sky barometer suggests these pages last week. Dr. Julius Baum | What would William Morris have said of
that observers should also note the appearance is responsible for this valuable monograph on such teaching as this? Much that Mr.
of a corona and tinted clouds about the moon, French Romanesque, though it cannot be Rothery writes on current practice is en-
with the view of recording the weather conditions considered as more than an Introduction to lightened, yet he seems to yield unduly to
during the succeeding one or two days. I am
convinced from my own personal experience that
the fine views which he has brought together. the dictates of fashion. The term “ingle
such natural phenomena enable one in time It consists of a condensed historical survey, nook," applied to a fireplace more often
to become something of an expert in predicting with sufficient reference to contemporary which, it is to be hoped, has nearly run its
than not, refers to a current affectation
the weather immediately following the
work in other countries to allow the un-
vividly tinted clouds near the moon on January informed reader to “ place ” the period and
The farmhouse open fire, with its
26th were succeeded in the course of the next
twenty-four hours by the keenest frost of the
the examples discussed.
cavernous depth, its tiny seat, and smoke-
The development
present winter. ”
and connexion between architecture and
stained walls, is a thing apart, delightful
the
sculpture treated in
detail. in its original setting. To break up
MESSRS. CONSTABLE & Co. , assisted by a
Romanesque sculpture in France is so far ground plan of a modern house, with its
strong editorial committee, will begin the
publication in April next of a quarterly superior to that of neighbouring countries totally different requirements, in order to
that the subsequent triumphal progress of
obtain a sham recess, putting the actual
scientific review, to be entitled Bedrock.
fire in a further tiny recess, is an unworthy
thirteenth-century achievement is fore-
The review will be devoted to the full
shadowed. The influence of French sculp- expedient. Instead of encouraging deplor-
discussion of such subjects as the effect on
the race of native and foreign disease, of that there were important groups in France,
ture abroad does not suggest on the surface able tendencies such as this, Mr. Rothery
would be better advised in writing of the
intemperance, of city life and luxury ; the
fitness of women for government; the real Dr. Baum writes of six important groups,
rich and varied in their own developments. correct position of the fireplace in regard to
the doors and windows, and in emphasizing
nature of the psychological and physio-
some inspired by the antique, others by
the necessity of making flues larger, and
logical difference between sexes, races, and
classes ; the present relation of science former is most instructive, showing, as it
early Christian art; the influence of the taking the chimneys higher above the roof
in more generously built stacks, thus avoid-
to religion ; and theories concerning evolution does, the direct connexion between thiring the actual discomfort of draughts,
and heredity.
teenth-century Gothic sculpture and that smoky chimneys, and cosy
MESSRS. MACMILLAN & Co. hope to publish of Greece. This applies in a less noticeable
next Friday a new edition, thoroughly degree to the development of the actual plans
revised and largely rewritten, of Prof. and sections of Romanesque buildings.
Wilhelm Ostwald's Outlines of General Many of these are given in the text-indeed,
Chemistry. ' The book has been translated such illustrations essential to the
ARCHÆOLOGICAL NOTES.
by Dr. W. W. Taylor.
description and understanding of the
IN the current number of the Revue
DR. F. M. SANDWITH, the Gresham Pro- subject; but a serious defect we notice here Archéologique
M. Adolphe J. Reinach gives
fessor of Physic, will deliver at the City of impossible to grasp the true significance of Egypt during the last two years, excluding
an excellent summary of excavations in
London School four lectures on Sleeping
a plan without knowing whether the span of therefrom the work directly performed by
Sickness. ' On Tuesday, February 13th, he
a church is a dozen feet or five times that
will speak on 'The Tsetse Fly Disease of
the Service des Antiquités, which he thinks
Animals and the Early History of Sleeping
number.
is sufficiently described in Sir Gaston
Sickness'; on Wednesday on How Sleeping
Following the Introduction is a Biblio- Maspero's periodical reports to the Académie
Sickness is Conveyed Man';
on graphy, in which it is significant that the des Inscriptions. The excavation of the
Thursday on What We Know To-day most important works are by German greatest historical importance is that
about Sleeping Sickness'; and on Friday archæologists. Then come the plates, and carried out by Dr. G. Reisner at Gizeh.
he will show lantern - slides which
illustrate after the plates the list of illustrations in Here he found, as M. Reinach reminds us,
the previous lectures,
alphabetical order, with a few words of four beautifully carved bas-reliefs in dark-
description or criticism by the editor. It green slate with the figure of King Mycerinus
THE NEW LIBRARY at the Horniman is a pity that in order to obtain the fine of the Fourth Dynasty standing, between
Museum and Library, Forest Hill, will be photographic reproductions it appears to be the goddess Hathor and the divinities of
open for public use from to-day. The necessary to print upon such highly glazed different nomes.
library is a Students' Reference Library of and ponderous paper.
These give the earliest
examples of the emblems of the four nomes
recent and standard works on anthropology,
in question, and comprise the sistrum for
zoology, and botany in their several depart-
ments, supplemented by the journals and
Chimneypieces and Ingle Nooks: their | Diospolis Parva, the hare for Hermopolis,
the jackal for Cynopolis, and a goddess for
other periodical publications of learned Design and Ornamentation (Werner Laurie)
societies
is the second
Thebes. On the same site were found a
concerned
with these studies.
volume of the
There is also a small collection of recent
Decoration Series, to which Mr. Guy
diorite bowl with the name of Sneferu of the
same dynasty and two others in silex with
works in physics, chemistry, and geology, Cadogan. Rothery also contributed the first,
selected with special reference to the require that work, so in this, the author covers a
on •Ceilings and their Decoration. ' As in
the names of Hotep-sekhmui and Ra-neb,
who "should probably be assigned to the
ments of students of biology.
pædias, dictionaries, bibliographies,
and great deal of ground, the entire field
passing position gives colour to the belief formed on
Second. The finding of these bowls in juxta-
similar works of reference are provided on
under review. The investigation is thorough; other
grounds that the interval between the
the historical chapters are interesting, and
the account of the beginning and early
First Dynasty and the Pyramid-Builders
THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EXAMINA. development of the fireplace is an original
was not so long as has been thought. Many
BOARD have fixed the dates, for work of value on the archæological side.
of the pieces in question have, as M. Reinach
the examination for the National Diploma The author appears to have visited, in many
says, been removed to the Museum at Boston,
in Agriculture, which will be held at the countries, the examples he writes about';
which defrayed part of the cost of Dr.
University, Loeds, from April 20th to 26th and, although his style d933 nt suziszt t'ia Reisner's excavations, and it is a great
next,
accomplished scholar, he is not without pity that arrangements cannot be made
Forms of application may be obtained scholarly equipment. The description of
for the immediate publication of such finds.
from the Secretary, Royal Agricultural fireplaces, particularly those of which illus- In the Journal of the last-named Society
Society of England, 16, Bedford Square, trations are not given, bulks large, and is for January there appears a paper by Prof,
London, W. C. , or from the Secretary, somewhat tedious reading. The author has Lawrence Mills on Yasna XXX. published
Highland and Agricultural Society of Scot. not the gift of illuminating the present-day by him in the “Sacred Books of the East. ”
land, 3, George IV. Bridge, Edinburgh, and problems of the architect or the designer He claims this chapter as the earliest docu-
must be returned duly filled up not later ! by references to artistic examples of the ment of Persian religious literature in which
than Friday, March 1st.
past.
the doctrine of Dualism is distinctly stated,
to
“ House
open shelves.
TION
## p. 136 (#118) ############################################
136
No. 4397, FEB. 3, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
Τ
SO
a
>
and the verses, of which he offers a new were written. These range from September trator of that school of French Realism
translation, certainly seem to bear out his 12th, 471 B. C. , to February 10th, 410 b. c. , which occupies itself with a definitely rovo-
argument. They state with fair distinctness and for two of the three remaining, he lutionary criticism of society, he is tolerably
the existence of the two principles of good suggests a probable date between these effective, but most artistic in the slightly
and evil acting independently and in opposi. figures. The concordance of the Baby- less brutal, but still biting satire of the
tion, since the beginning. What they do lonian with the Julian dates he obtains series of bourgeois portraits entitled Un
not do is to indicate whether, in the opinion through a passage in Censorinus. If M. Roman’ (67–80). Madame Maxillaire a
of their author or compiler, this state of Pognon's conclusions be accepted, as seems un Bel Appartement' (72) is perfect in its
affairs is destined to last for ever, or whether likely, he will have accomplished a great observation, as is also Madame Garniture
the benevolent principle is to triumph feat in chronology,
est très liée avec les Maxillaires' (71).
at the last. This is of great importance for In the same Comptes Rendus M. Holleaux
the comparative study of religions, and it
THE drawings in brown wash which con-
announces the discovery at Delos of a stitute the principal feature of Mr. Elliott
is to be hoped that some day Prof. Mills, senatus consultum dated `166 or 165 B. C. , Seabrooke's work at the Carfax Gallery
or some other Avestic scholar, will be able settling a dispute between the High Priest display extraordinary accomplishment for
to enlighten us on the point. He gives reason
of Serapis on that island and some Athenian
for thinking that the Gathas were recited colonists. M. Holleaux promises to give Cotman and the early works of Turner
young an artist. Comparisons with
in a living language which ceased to be later the full text, with a commentary, of this naturally suggest themselves. As an oil
spoken about two centuries before the earliest decree.
painter he does not reach the same perfec-
Achæmenian inscription, and this enables
him to put them earlier than the mean
The current number of the Annals of tion, or indeed quite succeed in using his
date of 800 B. C. It also appears from his Archæology, issued by the University of material with any clear idea of the function
of colour in a design. Yet, technically,
remarks that the really characteristic feature Liverpool, contains a paper by Prof. Sayce
of the oldest Persian religion was its con-
giving an interesting reconstruction of the No. 4, “Rainsbarrow, is
is a promising
sistent deification of abstract ideas, which history of the Ethiopian Empire at Meroë, foundation if the artist should ever have
does not seem to occur again in the history where the writer was digging last year with the colourist's inspiration necessary to build
It shows a delicate hand and an
of religions until the rise of Gnosticism in Prof.
