No More Learning

Also we excommunicate the statute makers and writers
those statutes, and the potestates, consuls, governors and counsellors places, where such statutes and customs shall made kept; and also those that shall presume give judg
this realm England, therefore
allow authority contrary mine oath, re fused make answer the bishop Gloucester
ment according
form the matter laws, the bishop
them, shall notify adjudged. —Now
pub these which
judgment the pope's autho should run into perjury. —Another refused the pope's authority this, that his authority, claimeth repugneth
the crown perial this realm, and the laws the same; which every true subject
bound defend. First, for that the popesaith, that manner power, well temporal
your realm, being contrary nought, and well your majesty, your judges, justices, and other
sitting here rity, lest
the pope's laws,
cause why
executors the same, stand accused amongst heretics, which God forbid. And yet this curse
can never avoided the pope have such power claimeth) until such times the laws and customs this realm, being contrary
lest
should
spiritual, given first him God; and that his laws, taken away and blotted out
the law books. And although there many laws this realm contrary the laws Rome, yet named but few convict clerk
the temporal power giveth unto emperors
and kings, use under him, but
always his commandment and beck–But
contrary this claim, the imperial crown and before any temporal judge this realm for
jurisdiction temporal this realm taken im mediately from God, used under him only, and subject unto none, but God alone.
Moreover, the imperial laws and customs
debt, felony, murder, for any other crime;
which clerks the pope's laws exempt from the king's laws, that they can nowhere sued but before their ordinary. —Also the pope
nicamus statutarios, scriptores statutorum ip sorum, nec non potestates, consules, rectores.
claimeth God, laws and customs
Rome's authority
lawful, your grace's
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825] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [826
by his laws may give bishoprics and bene your most gracious highness, and also your fices spiritual; which the laws this realm realm should ever continue accursed, until can given but only the king and other shall cease from the execution your own laws patrons the same, except they fall into the and customs your realm; could not think lapse. By the pope's laws, jus patronatus shall myself true either your highness, this
sued only before the ecclesiastical judge my natural country, knowing that know. but the laws the realm shall sued Ignorance, know, may excuse other men; before the temporal judge. —And short, but that knoweth how prejudicial and in
the laws this realm agree with the pope's jurious the power and authority which chal
laws like fire and water. And yet the kings this realm have provided for their laws the pramunire; that any man have let the execution the laws this realm any au thority from the see Rome, falleth into the pramunire. But meet with this, the
lengeth every where, the crown, laws, and customs this realm, and yet will allow the same, cannot see any wise how can keep his due allegiance, fidelity, and truth the crown and state of this realm. —Another cause alledged, why could not allow the authority the pope, which this; that
popes have provided for their laws cursing.
For whosoever letteth the pope's laws have
full course within this realm, the pope's
power standeth accursed. that the pope's
power treadeth the laws and customs this
realm under his feet, cursing that execute
them, until such time they give place unto
his laws. -But may said, that notwith Christian people bounden diligently learn standing the pope's decrees, yet we exe
his authority subverteth not only the laws this realm, but also the laws God: that
whosoever under his authority, suffereth them not under Christ's religion purely, Christ did command. And for one example
brought forth, that whereas God's laws
cute still the laws and customs this realm.
Nay, not quietly without interruption the
pope. And where we execute them, yet we unjustly, the pope's power
force, and for the same we stand excommuni cate, and shall do, until we leave the execution of our own laws and customs. Thus we be well
reconciled Rome, allowing such authority,
These things, suppose, were not fully open ed the parliament-house, when the pope's authority was received again within this realm
his word, that they may know how believe and live accordingly, for that purpose or dained holidays, when they ought, leaving apart other business, give themselves wholly
know and serve God. Therefore God's will and
commandment that when the people bega thered together, ministers should use such lan guage the people may understand and take profit thereby, else hold their peace. For
harp lute, give certain sound God, the pope have any such authority. — that men may know what stricken, who can
whereby the realm standeth accursed before
mighty God the mouth saint Paul, the for they had, not believe that either the priest speak the people language which king queen's majesty, the nobles this they know not; for else may profit himself: realin, the commons the same would ever but profiteth not the people, saith saint Paul. have consented receive again such foreign But herein was answered thus; that saint
authority, injurious, hurtful, and prejudicial Paul spake only preaching, that the preacher well the crown, the laws and cus should preach tongue which the people did toms and state this realm, whereby they know, else his preaching availeth nothing;
must needs acknowledge themselves ac but the preaching availeth nothing, being cursed. But none could open this matter spoken language which the people under
well but the clergy, and such them had stand not, how should any other service avail read the pope's laws, whereby the pope had them, being spoken the same language And made himself were god. These seek yet that saint Paul meant not only preach
maintain the pope whom they desired have their chief head, the intent they might have were kingdom and laws within themselves, distinct from the laws the crown, and where with the crown may not meddle and being exempted from the laws the realm, might live this realm like lords and kings, without damage fear any man, that they please their high and supreme head
Rome. For this consideration, ween, some that knew the truth, held their peace the parliament, whereas they had done their du
ties the crown and whole realm, they should
have opened their mouths, declared the truth,
and shewed the perils and dangers that might ensue the crown and realm. —And
ing, appeareth plainly his own word. For
and voices with them, and say amen, that should agree allow such authority within say, allow what the priests say, that the rehear this realm, whereby must needs contess, that sal God's universal works and benefits, the
dance after it? for the sound vain; vain, and profiteth nothing, saith Al
speaketh name expressly
ing, and thanking God, and
things which the priests say
whereunto the people say amen; which they use not preaching, but other divine ser vice that whether the priests rehearse the wonderful works God, the great benefits
God unto mankind above other creatures, give thanks unto God, make open pro fession their faith, humble confession of
their sins, with earnest request mercy and forgiveness, make suit request unto God
for any thing; then the people understand ing what the priests say, might give their minds
praying, sing other
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827] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [szs
giving of thanks, the profession of faith, the service said the church: but also reason giv confession of sins, and the requests and peti eth the same, that men commanded tions of the priests and of the people might hear any thing, must spoken language
ascend up into the ears of God altogether, and
be as a sweet savour, odour, and incense in his
nose; and thus was it used many hundred
years after Christ's ascension. . But the afore
said things cannot be done when the priests
speak to the people in a language not known, not whereto, taketh upon him command, and so they, or their clerk in their name, say not only against reason, but also directly against Amen, but they cannot tell whereunto. Whereas God. —And again said, whereas our Saviour saint Paul saith, How can the people say Amen Christ ordained the sacrament his most pre to thy well saying, when they understand not cious body and blood received
what thou say est? And thus was saint Paul Christian people under the forms bread and understood of interpreters, both the Greeks wine, and said the cup, ‘Drink this. " and Latins, old and new, school authors and the pope giveth clean contrary commandment, other that have read, until above thirty years. that lay man shall drink the cup their
ast. At which time one Eckius with other of salvation though the cup salvation by
sort began devise new exposition, un the blood Christ pertained not lay inen. derstanding St. Paul preaching only. —But And whereas Theophilus Alexandrinus, whose
when good number the best learned men reputed within this realm, some favouring the old, some the new learning, they term
works saint Hierome did translate about ele ven hundred years past, saith, “That Christ had been crucified for the devils, his cup should not denied them;’ yet the pope denieth the cup Christ Christian people, for whom
(where indeed that which they call the old,
the new, and that which they call the new,
indeed the old) but when great number Christ was crucified. So that should
which the hearers understand, else, saint Paul saith, what availeth hear? So that the pope giving contrary commandment, that the people coming the church shall hear they wou not what, and shall answer they know
such learned men both sorts, were gathered together Windsor, for the reformation
the service the church; was agreed both, without controversy, not one saying con
trary, that the service the church ought the mother tongue, and that saint Paul
ner “Jubemus omnes Episcopi pariter form bread, And moreover, the bread presbyteri non tacito modo, sed clara yoce, not the sacrament his blood, but his flesh qua, fideli populo exaudiatur, sacram oblatio only nor the cup the sacrament his flesh, nem preces sacro Baptismate adhibitas but blood only. And the pope keep celebrent, quo majori exiude devotione de
promendis Domini Dei laudibus audientium animi afficiantur. Ita enim Divus Paulus
docet Epistola Corinth. solummodo benedicat spiritus, quomodo qui privati locum tenet; dicet gratiarum actionem tuam, Amen quandoquidem quid dicas non videt. Tu quidem pulchre gratias agis, alter autem non
obey the pope these things, must needs disobey my Saviour Christ. — But was an swered hereunto, commonly the papists do answer, that under the form of bread whole Christ's flesh and blood that who
soever receiveth the form bread, receiveth well Christ's blood his fiesh. Let
so, yet the form bread only, Christ's be understood the civil law, more than blood not drunk, but eaten; nor re thousand years past, where Justinianus, most ceived the cup the form wine, Christ godly emperor synod writeth on this inan commanded, but eaten with the flesh under the
the fourteenth chapter the Corinthians was be understood. And saint Paul
dificatur. ” That say, We command that lay people receive not the whole sacrament bishops and priests celebrate the holy ob whereby Christ's death represented
lation and prayers used holy baptism, not commanded. —Moreover, the pope taketh after still close manner, but with clear loud upon him give the temporal sword, royal voice, that they may plainly heard the and imperial power, kings and princes:
faithful people, the hearers minds may be listed thereby with the greater devotion,
uttering the praises the Lord God. For Paul teacheth also the Epistle the Corin thians, “If the spirit only bless, say well, how shall that occupieth the place private person, say, Amen, thy thanks
iving? for perceiveth not what thou sayest.
years continually together have expounded To whom St. Gregory writeth, that therein saint Paul not preaching, only, but other did injury his three brethren, which were
'hou doest give thanks well, but the other
not edified. ' And not only the civil law, and
all other writers thousand and five hundred claimed superiority above other bishops.
lay persons, the sacrament their Christ's blood, which Christ given unto them. —And fur
eth from redemption
representation his death, where his blood was separated from his flesh, which not represented one kind alone: So that the
commandeth
thermore, Christ ordained the sacrament two kinds, the one separated from the other,
doth likewise take upon him depose them from their imperial states, they disobedi
ent him, and commandeth the subjects disobey their princes, assoyling the subjects
well their obedience, their lawful oaths made unto their true kings and princes, direct
contrary God's commandment, who com mandeth subjects obey their kings, their rulers under then. —One John, patriarch
Constantinople, the time St. Gregory
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s29] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. −for Treason and Herety.
[830
equal with him, that is to say, the bishop of know not, but shall pray God give Rome, the bishop of Alexandria, and of Anti him grace, that may seek above things ochia: which three were patriarchal sees, as promote God's honour and glory, and not well as Constantinople, and were brethren follow the trade his predecessors these one to another. But, saith St. Gregory, if latter days. -Nor have spoken for fear any one shall exalt himself above the rest, punishment, and avoid the same, thinking
the universal bishop, the same passeth rather occasion aggravate than dimi pride. But now the bishop Rome exalteth nish my trouble; but have spoken for my himself not only above kings and emperors, most bounden duty the crown, liberties, laws,
and above the whole world, but takes upon and customs this realm England, but
him give and take away, set and pull down, shall think good. And the devil having such authority, yet took upon
him give unto Christ the kingdoms the world, would fall down and worship him
like manner the pope taketh upon him give empires and kingdoms being none his,
such will fall down and worship him, and kiss his feet. —And moreover, his layers and glosers flatter him, that they fain may
command emperors and kings hold his stir rup when lighteth upon his horse, and
most specially discharge my conscience uttering the truth God's glory, casting away fear the comfort which have Christ,
who saith; “Fear not them that kill the body, and cannot kill the soul, but fear him that can cast both body and soul into hell fire. ’ He that for fear lose this life will forsake the truth, shall lose the everlasting life: And that for the truth's sake will spend his life, shall find everlasting life. And Christ promiseth stand fast with them before his Father, which will stand fast with him here. Which com
his footmen and that, any emperor and fort great, that whosoever hath eyes king give him any thing, they give him nothing fixed upon Christ, cannot greatly pass this but that his own, and that may dispense life, knowing that may sure have against God's word, against both the old and Christ stand him the presence his Fa new Testament, against St. Paul's epistles, and ther heaven. —And touching the sacra against the gospel. And furthermore whatso ment, said; Forasmuch the whole matter ever doth, although he draw innumerable standeth the understanding these words people heaps with himself into hell, yet may Christ “This my body; this my blood. ’
mo mortal man reprove him, because judge men, may judged
being
man.
said that Christ these words made demon
stration the bread and wine, and spake figu ratively, calling bread his body, and wine his
God,
were god, and nameth himself God's vi blood, because ordained them sacra
And thus sitteth the temple
car, and yet dispenseth against God. ments his body and blood. And where the this not play Antichrist's part, cannot papists say those two points contrary unto tell what Antichrist, which more say, me, that Christ called uot bread his body, but
but Christ's enemy and adversary; who shall substance uncertain, nor spake figuratively the temple God, advancing himself herein said would judged the old
above other, yet hypocrisy and feigned religion, shall subvert the true religion
Christ, and under pretence and colour Christian religion shall work against Christ, and therefore hath the name of Antichrist.
Now any man lift himself higher than the pope hath done, who lifteth himself above the world; can more adversary Christ, than dispense against God's laws,
Church, and which doctrine could proved the elder, that would stand unto. And for asmuch have alleged my book many old authors, both Greeks and Latins, which above thousand years after Christ continually taught
do; they could bring forth but one old author, that saith these two points they say, offered six seven years ago, and offer yet still, that will give place unto them. —But when bring forth any author that saith most
and where Christ hath given any command
ment, command directly the contrary, that
man inust needs be taken for Antichrist. But that the authors meant not so; who should
until the time that such person may found,
men may easily conjecture where find An
tichrist. —Wherefore, seeing the pope thus
overthrow both God's laws and man's laws,
taketh upon him make emperors and kings the authors meant they say. Now, whether
vassals and subjects unto him, especially they speak more the purpose herein, the crown this realm, with the laws and cus refer me the judgment indifferent
may hearers; yea the old church Rome, above consent admit his usurped power within thousand years together, neither believed nor this realm, contrary mine oath, mine obedi used the Sacrament, the church Rome
the power and authority the pope, have not church of Rome fell into new doctrine of spoken, take God record and judge, for transubstantiation; with the doctrine they any malice owe the pope's person, whom changed the use the Sacraument contrary
toms the same see mean how
ence God's law, mine allegiance and duty hath done late years-For the beginning, your majesty, and my love ard affection the church Rome taught pure and sound this realm. —This that have spoken against doctrine of the Sacrament. But after that the
plain terms do, yet saith the other part,
say, that the authors spake one thing, and meant clean contrary. And upon the other part, when they cannot find any one author, that
aith words they say; yet say they, that
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831] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [s;
that Christ commanded, and the old church of took his bishopric both
Rome used above a thousand years. And yet to jesty and the pope, making
deface the old, they say that the new is the old ; solemn oath; which oaths
wherein for my part I am content to stand to that the one must needs perjured. And
the trial. But their doctrine is so fond and furthermore swearing the pope main uncomfortable, that I inarvel that any man tain laws, decrees, constitutions, ordinances, would allow knew what is. But reservations, and provisions, declareth him
howsoever they bear the people hand, that which they write their books, hath neither
self enemy the imperial crown, and the laws and state this realm, whereby declareth himself not worthy judge
truth nor comfort. —For their doctrine,
one body Christ made two bodies; one within this realm. And for these considera
natural, having distance members, with form and proportion man's perfect body, and this
body heaven; but the body Christ
the Sacrament, their own doctrine, must
needs monstrous body, having neither dis tance members, nor form, fashion propor
tion man's natural body. And such body the Sacrament, teach they, and
goeth into the mouth with the form bread, and entereth no further than the form of bread
goeth, nor tarrieth longer than the form bread natural heat digesting. that when the form bread digested, that body
tions refused take him for my judge. ”
men. And what comfort can herein
Christian man, receive Christ's unshapen
body, and enter further than the sto
mach, and depart and soon the grace's conscience shall give you For am bread consumed —It seemeth me more surely persuaded, that willingly your majesty sound and comfortable doctrine, that Christ will not offend, nor against your conscience bath but one body, and that hath form and for any thing. —But fear me that there con fashion man's true body; which body spi tradictions your oaths, and that those which ritually entereth into the whole man, body and should have informed your grace thoroughly, soul: and though the Sacrament consumed, did not their duties therein. And your ma yet whole Christ remaineth, and feedeth the jesty ponder the two oaths diligently, think receiver unto eternal life, continue god you shall perceive you were deceived; and then liness, and never departeth until the receiver your highness may use the matter God shall forsake him. And for the wicked, they put your heart. Furthermore, am kept have not Christ within them all, who cannot
be where Belial me seemeth,
And this my faith, and, sound doctrine, according
here from company learned men, from books, from counsel, from pen and ink, saving this
word,
God's and sufficient for Christian be for man ocase. Where
lieve that matter. And can be shewed unto me, that the pope's authority not pre
was nor will perverse stand wilfully mouth defend his truth there, well mine own opinion, but shall with humility here. But refer wholly your majesty's
judicial the things before mentioned, that pleasure. And for my appearance Rome,
appear which think cannot be shewed, then never there. And trust that God shall put my
my doctrine the Sacrament erroneous, your majesty will give me will
submit myself unto the pope, not only kiss pleasure. ”
his feet, but another part also. --Another cause
this realm, God's laws they con surer. But hearing master bailiff say, that trary that lawful oath the said bishop sat would the court Friday, thought Lim
why refused take the bishop Gloucester for my judge, was the respect his own per
Another Letter the Archbishop Dr. Mar tin and Dr. Story.
son, being more than once perjured. First, “I HAVE me commended unto you. And for that being divers times sworn never proulised, have sent my letters unto the consent that the bishop Rome should have queen's majesty unsigned, praying you sign any jurisdiction within this realm, but take them, and deliver them with speed. might the king and his successors for supreme heads have sent them the carrier sooner, but not
then judgment authority from Rome,
wherein was perjured, and not worthy judge. —The second perjury was, that
meet messenger send my letters by. For better later and surer, than sooner, and never
delivered. Yet one thing have written
This was written
“I LEARNED
day your majesty's coronation, you took
expend and weigh the two oaths together, see how they agree, and then your
time write unto your majesty, which were
necessary being my
fore beseech your majesty, that may have such these may stand with your majesty's
the queen's ma
another Letter the Queen.
doctor Martin, that
the
oath obedinence the pope Rome, and the same time you took another oath this realm, maintain the laws, liberties, and cus
toms the same. And your majesty did
was ac useth obedient
defend his person,
authority, honour, laws, lands and privileges.
make cording
oath the pope, think the other oaths which
princes; which
each them contrary,
Christ gone. And forasmuch evil men long digesting good men, the body Christ, their doctrine, entereth far, and tarrieth long wicked men godly any
minister him,
maintain his
And so, which know not but
port, then beseech your majesty look upon your oath made the crown and realm, and
-
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833] STATE TRIALS, I MARy, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy.
to the queen's majesty inclosed and sealed; make mine Appeal. But whether which I require you may be so delivered with first appeal from the judge delegate
[834
should the pope, out delay, and not be opened until it be deli and afterward the general council, else
vered unto her grace's own hands. I have leaving the pope, should appeal immediately
written that remember said, except that which spake against the bishop Glouces
ter's own person, which thought not meet write. And some places have written more than said, which would have answered
the bishop you would have suffered me. You promised should see mine answers
the council, herein stand need your counsel. —Many causes there for the which think good appeal. First, because am
oath bound never consent the re ceiving the bishop Rome's authority into
this realm. Besides this, whereas utterly re
fused make answer the articles objected the sixteen Articles, that might correct, unto me the bishop Gloucester, appointed
amend, and change them where thought good,
the pope my judge, yet was content answer Martin and Story, with this protesta
which your promise
kept not. And mine
. . ".
answer was not made upon my oath, nor re
tion,
peated, nor made Judicio, but ertra Judi made before judge, nor yet place judg
cium, protested; nor the bishop
Gloucester judge, but you the king's and queen's proctors. trust you deal sincerely with me without fraud craft, and use me you would wish like case yourselves. Remember, that Qua mensura mensi fueritis,
ment, but pertaining nothing judgment and moreover, after had made mine answer, required have copy the same,
that might either adding thereunto,
altering taking from correct and amend thought good. The which though both the bishop Gloucester, and also the king
eadem remetietur vobis, What measure you
inete, the same shall measured you again. and queen's proctors promised me, yet have Thus fare you well, and God send you spirit they altogether broken promise with me, and
here insert, under ensueth
LETTEB Dr. Cranmer, Archbishop,
they say, denieth man the remedy appeal
Lawyer
for the
drawing
APPEAL. men,
kept
skill herein
out nature requireth
“The law
that forth may done without
offence God, every one should seek
defend and preserve his own life. Which
thing, when about three days ago bethought
myself and therewithal remembered how
that Martin Luther appealed his time from
pope Leo the 10th, general council, lest
should seem rashly and unadvisedly cast time, you will apply this my matter only, till away myself, determined appeal like you have brought pass. The chiefest sort some lawful and free general council. cause very deed, tell you the truth, this
. . But seeing the order and form appeal per mine appeal that might gain time, taineth the lawyers, whereof myself am shall please God, live until have finished ignorant, and seeing that Luther's appeal cometh mine answer against Marcus Antonius Constan not my hand, purposed break my mind tius, which have now hand. But the in this matter some faithful friend and skil adversaries the truth will not admit mine
ful the law, whose help might use this appeal, fear they will not, God's will behalf, and you only among other came my done; pass not upon that God may
remembrance man most meet versity for my purpose. But this
this uni therein glorified, my life, my matter death. For much better for me die
that requireth great silence, that man Christ's quarrel and reign with him, than
know before be done.
an summoned make mine answer
the 16th day this month; before the which awhile this warfare, for the commodity and day think good, after sentence pronounced, profit my brethren, and the further ad
WOL.
that mine answer should not be taken
induce you into truth. ” have not permitted me correct my said Ye heard before how the archbishop Dr. Cran answers, according my request, and yet not
mer the month February was cited withstanding have, understand, registered Rome, and the month March next follow the same acts formally done place
ing was degraded the bishop Ely and judgment—Finally, forasmuch this my bishop Bonner. time which his degrada
tion put his Appellation. this his
Appellation, because needed the help some good and godly lawyer, writeth
certain friend his about the same the copy which letter Latin before expressed the old book Acts, there read, page
trouble cometh upon my departing from the bishop Rome, and from the popish religion,
fered appear some general council this 1492. The English the same thought good matter; specially seeing the law nature,
that now the quarrel betwixt the pope. him self and me, and man can lawful and indifferent judge his own cause, seemeth, mcthinks, good reason, that should suf
such cases. —Now, since
that this matter should be, perhaps for lack
very requisite close may
you shall have need
beseech you even for the fidelity and love you
bear me Christ, that you will open creature alive whose the case And foras
much the time now hand, and the mat ter requireth great expedition, me obtain thus much you, beseech you, that laying aside other your studies and business for the
so that here shut up, and kept the prison Rome, this body, unless were continue yet still
|.
further advice; then
-
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s35] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. −Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [835
vancing of God's glory. To whom be glory yourself from the malice yours and God's for evermore, Amen. —There also yet ano enemies, into some place were God most ther cause why think good appeal, that purely served, which slandering the
whereas am cited Rome answer truth, but preserving yourself God, and there for myself, am notwithstanding kept the truth, and the society and comfort
here fast prison, that cannot there appear Christ's little flock. And that you will do,
the time appointed. Arid moreover, foras with speed, lest your own folly you fall much as the state stand matter of life into the persecutors hands. And the Lord send
and death, that have great need learned council for my defence this behalf; yet when
made my earnest request for the same, manner counsel and help proctors, advo cates and lawyers was utterly denied me. Your loving friend, Tho. CRAN MER. ”
Another Letter Dr. Cranmer, Archbishop, Mrs. Wilkinson, exhorting her fly the time Persecution.
“The true comforter distress only God, through his son Jesus Christ; and who
soever hath him, hath company enough al
though
his holy spirit lead and guide you whereso
ever you go, and that godly will say, Amen. ”
Unto these former Letters of Dr. Cranmer archbishop, written him unto others,
God absent, miserable wilderness and desolation. him comfort, and without him none. Wherefore beseech
you seek your dwelling there where you may truly and rightly serve God, and dwell him,
God praised again for this your most excel lent promotion which are called unto this present, that that are counted worthy
allowed amongst the number Christ's records and witnesses. England hath had but
few learned bishops, that would stick Christ ignem inclusive. Once again thank God heartily Christ for your most happy on set, most valiant proceeding, most constant suffering such insanies, hissings, clap pings, taunts, open rebukes, loss living and liberty, for the defence God's cause, truth, and glory. cannot utter with pen how rejoice
my heart for you three such captains the foreward under Christ's cross, banner, stand
ard such cause and skirmish, when not only one two our dear Redeemer's strong holds are besieged, but all his chief castles ordained for our safeguard, are traitorously impugned. This your enterprise the sight that heaven, and God's people earth,
most pleasant behold. This another man ner nobility, than the fore front worldly warfares. For God's sake pray for us, for we fail not daily pray for you. We are stronger and stronger the Lord, his name be
and have him ever dwelling heavy burden
man cannot suf Christ's religion you loath depart from your kin and friends,
remember that Christ calleth them his mother,
sisters and brothers, that do his Father's will.
Where we find therefore God truly honoured
according his will, there we can lack neither
friend nor kin. —If you loath depart for
the slandering God's word, remember that
Christ, when his hour was not yet corne, de
such place
fered serve God
you. What can unquiet conscience,
me not much out place annex certain Letter also Dr. Taylor, him and his fellow-prisoners: the
seemeth
withal
written
tenor of which letter here followeth:
“To my dear fathers, and brethren, Dr. Cranmer, Dr. Ridley, and Dr. Latimer, pri soners Oxford, for the faithful testimony God's holy word. Right reverend fathers
were wilderness all alone: and
that hath twenty thousand his company, grace and peace through Jesus Christ; and
the Lord, wish you enjoy continually God's
parted out
the malice
commanded
his country unto Samaria, avoid the Scribes and Pharisees; and
sued one place, they should
And was not Paul down
apostles that
they were pur another.
basket out window, avoid the persecution Aretas
And what wisdom and policy used from time time escape the malice enemies,
the Acts the apostles declare. And after
the same sort did the other apostles; albeit, praised, and we doubt not but
when came such point, that they could longer escape danger the persecutors
God's true religion, then they shewed them selves, that they lying before came not fear,
Christ; then they shewed how little they
Christ's own sweet school. Heaven all and
wholly our side; therefore Gaudete Do mino semper, iterum gaudete crultate, Rejoice always the Lord and again, rejoice and glad. Your assured Christ, Rowlax
but godly wisdom more good; and
that they would not rashly without urgent me TAYLoR. ”
cessity offer themselves death, which had
been but temptation God. Yea, when De Tho. Cranmeri Archiepiscopi qui carcere de they were apprehended, and could ionger
avoid, then they stood boldly the profession
Sed revocas lubricos meliora pedes. passed death; how much they feared God Te docuit lapsus magis vestigia firmes,
more than men, how much they loved and pre Atque magis Christo consocière tuo ferred the eternal life come above this short Utdue tuæ melius studeas harescere causae;
and miserable life. Wherefore exhort you well, Christ's commandment, the ex
ample him and apostles, withdraw
Sic mala non raro causa fuere boni.
bene successit; nam ficta adultera turba
Illudens aliis, luditur arte pari.
timebatur palinodia.
TE Cranmere, gravis sontem prope fecerat error;
his
a asas in Ito toto aain
to as
fly to his of to
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of no to a be tohe ifhe I at be so
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to
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of
to
s37]
STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1. 553. -for Treason and Heresy. [833
certos actus processerat, ipsum Tho mam super praemissis examinaverat, citatione praedicta, una cum jus legitima executione partibus facta, coram eodem Jacobo cardinali
iudicialiter producta, processu per audien tiam literarum nostrarum contradictarum con
tra eundem Thoman citatum non compa renten decreto, cum processu coram dicto episc. Gloucestrensi contra ipsum Thornam partibus habito coram praefato Jacobo cardinali productus fuisset, idem Thomas, cita tus, contraeum nihil diceret, imo comparere non curaret, prafato Thoma videndum per
reverend Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas ipsum Jacobum cardinalem referri causam Cranmer. referri juramentum supplementum plena:
probationis quantum opus esset, conclu “ PAULUs Episcopus servus servorum Dei dendum audiendum sententian definitivam, charissimo in Christo filio Philippo Regi, & certam tunc expressam diem, horam per charissimae in Christofilia: Mariae Regina An audientiam literarum contradictarun hujus
gliae, Francia, illustribus ac venerabilibus fra modi citato, omnibus actis actitatis causis tribus Londinensi & Eliensi Episcopis salutem, finjusmodi diligenter visis consideratis, cau & apostolicam benedictionem. Dudum per saun ipsam ac omnia pramissis actitata no
bis consistorio nostro secreto sideliter retulit: Qua relatione nobis praefertur facta, causa ipsa cum venerabilibus fratribus nostris sanctae
Nempe pia sic est frustratus frande papismus; Et cessit summo gloria tota Dco.
In mortem D. Cranmeri Cant. Archiepiscopi.
Infortunate est foelix, qui numine la so Cuiusvis gaudet commoditate boni.
Infoelix iile est vero foeliciter, orbi Invisus quisquis tristia fate subit.
Hoc Cranmere probas, vitae praesentis amore Dum quaeris sanctam dissimulare fiden:
Et dum consiliis tandem melioribus usus, Praeponis vitae funera sava tua.
A CoMMIssioN sent from the Pope, with the
SENTENcE definitive toproceed against the
Philippe Rex,
literas vestras charissime
Christiana filia Maria Regina nobis significatur,
quod iniquitatis filius Thomas Cranmerus, olim
Archiepiscopus Cantuariens reses aliaq. Romanae ecclesiae cardinalibus, tunc eodem tam grandia enormia crimina erat prolapsus, consistorio existentibus, plenè discussa, ma
quod non solum regimine ecclesiae Cantuarien ture examinata, cum dilecti filii Petrus Rovili
sis reddiderat indignum, verum etiam majori poenae fecerat obnoxium. Nos praemissis certam notitiam non habentes, tanta crimina
us, Clericus Ippotegiensis, Antonius Massa Gallesio dicta curia causarum, vestrum fili rex filia regina procuratores, quorum
vera essent, impunita, ecclesiamo. ipsam sine procurationis mandato actis causa hujus pastore idoneo derelinquere nolentes, dilecto modi legitimis constare, dignoscitur documen filio nostro Jacobo, tituli Sanctae Mariae via, tis, Alexander Paleotarius, fisci nostri pro tunc sancti Simeonis, presbytero cardinali, curator pro eius iure interesse, ipsius puteo nuncupato, vel praemissis etiam sum Thoma citati non comparentis contumaciam marie, simpliciter, plano sine strepitu causa hujusmodi concludi definitivò pro figura judicii, sine ulla terminorum substan nunciari petiissent, nos pro tribunali, throno tialium vel tela judiciaria observatione, citato justitiae, more Romanorum pontificum praede
dicto Thomase informaret, quicquid inve cessorum nostrorum sedentes, causa hujus nisset nobis referret, per specialem commissi modi conclusimus, nostrain desuper scrip onem manu nostra signatam, dedimus man tis, quam per secretarium nostrum egi pub
datis, sibi attribuentes potestatem curia,
licari mandavimus, quam ipse verbo ad
verbum legit publicavit, deinitivam tulimus promulgavimus sententiam, sub hujusmodi
partes decernendi, per tenore. –Nos Paulus, divina providentia Papa opus esse arbitrarer, quartus, salvatoris Domini nostri Jesus exhibendum jura, sive perhibendum testimo Christi, cujus vices (licet immerito) terris
nium, etiam per censuras ecclesiasticas cogendi, gerimus, nomine invocato, tirono iustitiae compellendi, seu, pro celeriori expeditione pro tribunali sedentes, solum Deum, qui
sibivideretur, recipiendum informationem justus est Dominus, iustitia judicat orbe
hujusmodi, aliquem probun virum dignitate terrae, 'pro oculis habentes, per hano nostran
ecclesiastica constitutum partibus istis com definitivam, quam venerabilium fratrum morantem cum simili citandi, inhibendi co nostrorum sanctae Romanae ecclesiae cardina
extra, citandi, soriales, generales
inhibendi, lite compul speciales remissorales,
forma consueta sonas quascundue,
gendi facultate deputandi, subdelegandi: lium consilio ferimus his scriptis, causa sicut exhibita nobis nuper pro parte vestra, causis quae coram dilecto silio nostro Jacobo rex filia regina petitio continebat, dictus Ja tituli sanctae Mariae via, presbytero cardina cobus cardinalis, commissionis huiusmodi vi puteo nuncupato, nobis consistorio gore, citatione partes contra eundem Tho nostro secreto (ut moris est) referenda inter mam vestram, rex filia regina, instan charissimos Christo silios nostros Philippum tiam decreta, venerabilem fratrem nostrum regem Mariam reginam Angliae illustres de episcopum Gloucestrensen, una cum certis
aliis ejus parte collegis, eorum quem
libet solidum informationem super prae
missis recipiendum subdelegavit, eisq. vices
suas praemissis commisit. postouan dic
tus episcopus Gloucestrensis causa hujusmo
nunciatores una, quendam Thomam Cran merun olim archiepiscopum Cantuariensem reum denunciatum super crimine re
aliis excessibus censurisque poenis
propter crimen excessus hujusmodi per dic tum Thomam reutn denunciatum ac confessumi
in
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839] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [840
& convictum incursis, rebusq. aliis in actis praefato ratione dicti archiepisc. Cantuariens. causa & causarum hujusmodi latius deductis & aliarum praelaturarum si quas obtinuit & ob
ex altera parte in prima instantia vigore spe tinet olim subjectas, a quibuscunque fidelitatis cialis commissionis nostrae versae fuerunt & ver & obedientiae juramentis ei praestitis absolven
tuntur, pronunciamus, sententiamus, decerni das & liberandas fore & esse prout absolvimus mus, & declaramus dictum Thomam tunc Can & liberamus, ac juramenta hujusmodi relaxa tuariensem archiepiscopum, animae suae salutis mus, nec non super omnibus & singulis praedic immemorem, contra regulas & dogmata eccle eidem Thoma, perpetuum silentium imponi
siastica sanctorum patrum nec non apostolicas mus supplentes omnes singulos tam juris
Romanæ ecclesiæ & sacrorum conciliorum tra
ditiones Christianaeq. religionis bactenus in ec
clesia consuetos ritus, praesertim de corporis &
sacri ordinis sacramentis aliter quam sancta causa haeresis per nos fratrum nostrorum mater ecclesia prædicat & observat sentiendo consilio lata appellari non potuerit, dicti & docendo, & sanctae sedis apostolicæ & sum Petrus Antonius Alexander procuratores mi pontificis primatum & authoritatem negan citato per audientian literarum hujusmodi co do, necnon contra processus qui singulis annis ram nobis praefato Thoma videndum decer per predecessores nostros in die coenae domini
more solito celebrati fuerunt, prout & nos dan
te Domino in futurum celebrare intendimus, in
quibus processibus per Romanos Pontifices
predecessores praefatos ad retinendam purita
tem religionis christianae & ipsius unitatem, cutoriales decerni aliquos pralatos qui actu qua in conjunctione membrorum ad unum ca alem ipsius Thomas degradationem faciant put Christum videlicet ejusque vicarium prin eum curiae seculari tradant istis partibus de cipaliter & sanctum fidelium societatem ab of
'fensione servanda consistit, inter alia Wicle fiste & Lutherani & omnes alii hasretici dam
nati & anathematizati fuerunt etiam abjuratam
olim per Berengarium Andagavensem ecclesiæ copi qui actualem ipsius Thoma degradationem diacomum heresin innovando, & tan illam faciatis, facta eum curiae seculari praemis quain etian per damnatae memoria. Johannem taunch ipso actu traditionis incessione ad Wicles, & Martinum Lutherum ha-resiarchas, judicem secularem pro hujusmodi tradendis alias proposita & damnata falsa & haretica per ecclesiam solita fieri tradatis autoritate, dogmata credendo & scquendo & desuper tenore prædictis deputavimus. Quapropter etiam libros scribendo & imprimi faelendo, vos omnes singulos supradictos quibus pre impressosque publicando, in illisque scripta sentes nostra literae diriguntur rogamus, vo etiam in publicis disputationibus defendendo, fratres episcopi per apostolica scripta man acetiam coram subdelegato nostro in respon damus, virtute sanctae obedientiæ sub. sionibus ad positiones sibi factas pertinacitcr suspensionis divinis interdicti ingressus ec asseverando, ac in pertinacia & obstinatione clesiæ sententiis districtius injungimus hujusmodi permanendo, excommunicationis & ulteriorem executionem sententiae nostrae pra:- anathematis necnon privationis archiepiscop. dictæ procedatis. vos rex filia regina, Cantuar, prædicti, allorumque beneficiorum & bona ipsius confiscetis seu per eos quos spec officiorum ecclesiasticorum's qua obtinct, & tat confiscari, ipsum Thomam postguam cu annuarium pensionum si quas super beneficiis ria secularijuxta tenorem presentium traditus
quod juris fuerit, fieri mandetis fa Vos vero fratres episcopi, vel alter ves
ad quoscunque dignitatis & beneficia, & alias dictis exeguamini, nec contra excusationein
ecclesiasticis, assignatas habet, juriumque ac fuerit,
tionum & privilegiorum quorumcunque bono ciatis.
ruin quoque & seniorum ecclesiasticorum pa trum,
trimonialium & secularium nec non inhabitatis sed haec oninia idum sub sententiis pre
contra tales personas tam de jure communi aut exceptionem apponere valeatis autoritate quam per literas processuum praedictorum sta nostra, ceremoniis similibus servari solitis tutas poenas non solum tanquain credentem plene observatis, actualem ipsius Thomas degra horeticis prædictis & illorum sequacem, sed dationen faciatis, eumque postea curia secula etian tanquam haresiarcham notorium damna modo praefertur tradatis, contradictores biliter incidisse & incurrisse; proptereaque ip per censurain ecclesiasticam appellatione post sum Thomain excommunicatum anathematiza posita compescendo non obstantibus constitu tum, & archiepiscopatu Cantuariensi aliisque
proclaturis, dignitatibus, beneficiis, o: officiis &
tionibus ordinationibus apostolicis contrariis
nec non pensionibus, juribus, privilegii-, bonis & feudis praedictis privatum, & ad illa ac alia
inhabitem, curite seculari traden um, borroque (jus per eos ad quos spectat
in terdici, suspendi vel excommunicari non possint per literas apostolicas, non facientes plenam
expressam verbo adverbum indulta confiscanda fore & esse prout eum tradi & Gjus hujusmodi mentionem, Datum Rome apud
bona confiscari mandanus & concedimus, om Sanctum Petrum, anno incarnationis Domini, nes quoque & quascunque personas Thomae milesimo, quingentesimo, quinquagesimo, quin
quain facti defectus, qui forsan processu causae hujusmodi intervenerint pronunciavi mus. Cum autem dicta sententia utpote
literas executoriales aliquem praelatum qui actualem ipsius Thoma degradationem fa
ciateumque curite seculari tradat partibus deputari contumaciam dicti Thomas praefertur citati non comparentis literas exe
Putari per nos multa cum instantia postulave rint: nos hujusmodi justis postulationibus an
nuentes literas executoriales praedictas aposto
lica autoritate decrevimus, vos fratres epis
quod alter pro alterose non excuset,
quibuscunque, aliquibus
autsi communiter vel
division eadem sede indultum, quod
& ri
his sa ni tis
ac de
a
&
de
in
&
in
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,
sit
in so ea
Et ac
& si
ut
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ita
841] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1953–for Train irrey. [842 to. Decimo nono calendas Januarii, pontifi tibi digne subtrahimus, quia ipsam sponsam
Bacile cum baculo candelabrum cum
sanctificandi benedicendi perdas officium effectum.
J. BARENG. Dei Ecclesiam temere violasti.
Quinto, baculo pastorali per unum minis
catus nostri anno primo.
The For degrading Archbishop. tris manus degradandi tradito, illum aufert PRIM publico extra ecclesian paretur degradator, dicendo:—Auferimus baculum aliquis eminens locus congruens spacii, pro de pastoralem, perinde correctionis officium
gradatione fienda. Item, supra eundein ordi quod turbasti non valeas exercere.
netur una credentia simplici tobalea cooperta. Sexto, chirothecis per ministros extractis de Item, supra eandem credentiam ponantur am gradator abradit degradando pollices manus pulla vini ampulla aquae. Item, liber Evan leniter cum cultello aut vitro, dicendo:—Sic geliorum, liber Epistolarum, liber Exorcismo
rum, liber Lectionum, Antiphonarium. Item,
Mantili. Item, unum
gratia, quantum nobis est privamus,
Item, Item,
tis, alba, cingulum, Manipulus, Tunicella, Sto pontificali, quo inhabilises redditus, abdicamus.
spiritualis benedictionis, delibutionis mystica
candela
:- Consecrationem benedictionem acunctionem Superpellicium, Sandalia cum caligis, amic tibi traditam radendo delemus, ab ordine
claves, forfices, calix cum patina.
extincta.
petia
Septimo, caput degradandi cum eodem aut
cultellus seu
vitri.
vitro abradit degradator, leniter dicendo
Paramenta pro Degradando.
la, Dalmatica, Chirothecae, alia stola Planeta, Mitra, Annulus pontificialis, Pallium, Baculus
pastoralis, aliqua vestis habitus secularis. Pro Degradatore Officialibus.
Tum degradando per ministros extrahuntur sandalia.
Degradatio ordine Presbyteratus. Calice cum vino aqua patina hostia,
Item, paretur faldistorium pro pontifice de per ministros manus degradandi traditis, Con radatore. Item, Sedilia pro Officialibus. secrator aufert potestatem celebrandi, dicens: tem, Adsint Ministri pontificis. Item, Judex —Amovemus te, quin potius amota esse os
secularis, cui degradatus committatur. Item, tendimus, potestatem offerendi Deo sacrificium, Notarius qui processum degradationis legat, Missanque celebrandi, tam pro vivis quam pro opus erit, vel Episcopo degradatori placuerit. defunctis.
Item, Barbitonsor. Item, Hora convenienti Pollices manus abradantur sub hac forma: degradandus, habitu suo quotidiano indutus —Potestatem sacrificandi benedicendi quan super dictum locum adducatur, clericis in unctione manuum pollicum recepisti, tibi duantur omnibus paramentis sui ordinis. Item, tollimus hac rasura.
Eo sic inchito, pontifex degradator indutus annictu, alba, cingulo, stola, pluviali rubeis,
mitra simplici, baculum pastoralem sinis
tra manu tenens ascendet locum praedictum, signante merito expoliamus, quia ipsam ibidem sedebit faldistorio, convenienti Onnen innocentlain exulstl.
loco sibi parato versus populum, astante sibi Quarto, stolam aufert, dicens:—Signum Do
judice seculari. -Tunc degradandus omnibus mini per hanc stolam signatum turpiter ab sui ordinis vestibus sacris indutus, singulis or jecisti: ideoque ipsam amovemus, quem namentis ornatus, habens manibus ornamen inhabilein reddimus ad omne sacerdotale offi tum ordinem suum spectans, sideberet cium exercendum.
suo officio ministrare, adducitur ante Ponti ficem, coram quo genuflectit. Tunc Pontifex degradator (sedens supra) populo vulgari notificat degradationis hujusmodi causam.
Degradatio ordine Diaconatus.
Libro Evangeliorum degradando ma
nus per ministros tradito, degradator aufert
Degradatio ordine Archiepiscopali. Primo, pallium degradator aufert
Stolam auferens humeris degradamdi degra degradator projicit eam post tergum, dicens:–
dando, dicendo:-Praerogativa pontificalis dig nitatis quae pallio designatur eximimus, quia male usus es ea.
Stolam candidam, quam acceperas immacula tam conspectu Domini perferendam, quia non sic cognito mysterio exemplum conversa
Casulam sive planetam per posteriorem par tem captivi accipit degradator, degradandum exuit, dicens:—Weste sacerdotali charitatem
brum, dicens:—Anovemus potestatem le Deinde contra degradandum sententiam fert gendi Evangelium Ecclesia De, quia non
haec verba, sihujusmodi sententialata non sit.
competit nisi dignis.
Dalmaticum aufert dicens:—Levitico or
dine privanus, quia tuum - ministerium non implevisti.
nomine Patris, Filii,
Amen. Quia nos N. Dei gratia Episcopus, &c.
Spiritus Sancti, Apostolicae sedi
Secundo, mitram aufert degradando, dicen tionis tuæ fidelibus praebuisti, plebs dicata
do:—Mitra pontificalis dignitatis, videlicct or
natu, quia eam male praesidendo foedasti, tuum
caput denudamus.
Tertio, librum Evangeliorum degradandi
Epistolarum libro degradando manum quia prædicandi officio, quo spreto Dei gratia tradito, degradator eundem aufert, dicens:–
indignum fecisti, juste privamus. Auferinus tibi potestatem legendi epistolam Quarto, annulum aufert digito degradandi, Ecclesia Dei, quia hoc ministerio indignus dicendo:—Annulum, fidei scillcet signaculum, redditus. *
manibus aufert, dicendo:-Redde Evangelium,
Christi nomini possit exinde imitationem ac quirere, juste amovemus, omne Diacomatus
officium tibi prohibentes.
Degradutio ordine Subdiacoma! us.
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*13] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1833–Proceeding against Archbishop Cranmer, [so
2. Tunicella aufertur, dicendo:—Tunica sub dotii tuo capite amovemus propter regi diacomali te exuimus, cujus cor & corpus timor minis pravitatem.
domini castus & sanctus in atternum permancins Deinde velit Pontifex, dicat:—Quod ore non constrinxit. cantasti, corde non credidisti, nec opere imple
3. Manipulum aufert, dicendo —Depone visti, ideo cantandi officium Ecclesia Dei
miumipulum, quia per fructus bonorum operum
quos designat, non expugnastispiritualis insidias in liiliCl.
4. Amictus aufertur sub hac forma:—Quia
amovemus.
Tum Ministri pontificis exuunt degradatum
veste, habitu clericali, - ipsum induunt habi tu seculari.
degradatus tradi debeat curiae seculari. Pontifex degradator degradatum amplius non 5. Urceolis cum vino & aqua & bacili cum tangit, sed hunc moduin pronunciat, dicens:
vocem tuam non castigasti, ideo amictum a te auscrimus. -
manu-tergio degradando traditis, ea aufert ar —Denunciamus ut hunc exutum omni ordine chidiacon. —Et nihil dicit. privilegio clericali, curia secularis suum
6. Calicem vacuum cum patina traditum in forum recipiat.
manus degradandi, aufert degradator, dicendo; Rogat judicem secularem citra mortis pe Cingulum album & amictum exuunt ministri:— riculum, &c. —Domine judex, rogamus vos Potestatem introcundi sacrarium, tangendi pal cum omni effectu quo possumus, amore Dei, las, vasa & alia indumenta sacra, omneque sub pietatis misericordiae intuitu, nostrorum diaconatus ministerium exercendi à te amove interventu precaminum miserrimo huic nullum Inus. -
Degradatio ab ordine Accolytatus.
Urceolum vacuum in manus degradando tra ditum, aufert degradator, dicens:—Immunde,
vinum & aquam ad Eucharistiam de castero non ministres.
mortis vel mutilationis
inferas.
periculum
The celebrated Mr. Whiston suspected the authenticity the RECANTATIon ascribed Cranmer, and published Tract on the
subject; which being somewhat curious and very scarce, we here reprint, together with
Candelabrum cum cereo extincto degradator
accipit de manibus degradandi, dicens:–Di Strype's Account the Archbishop's Death.
mitte perferendi visibile lumen officium, qui pra bere spirituale moribus neglexisti, ac uni versum Accolytatus officium hic depone.
Degradatio ab ordine Erorcistatus. Librum exorcismorum aufert Pontifex degra
AN EN QUIRY INTO THE Evi DENCE of ARch Bishop CRAN MER's RECANTATION &c.
Before give my Reasons for this suspicion,
shall set down the Copy this Recantation dator, dicens:—Privamus te potestate impo verbatim, from Mr. Fox's Acts and Monuments,
nendi manum super energumenos, & darmones 666, London, 1641, fol. [Here follows the de obsessis corporibus expellendi, omni tibi ex Recantation, given 812. ]—Thus far orcistatus officio interdicto. Mr. Fox's Copy: without the addition
Degradatio ab ordine Lectoratus. date, subscription under the archbishop's Librum Lectionum aufert Pontifex de grada hand, any witnesses that was written
tor, dicens:—In Ecclesia Deinon legas ulte him. The foregoing words indeed are these, rius, neq; cantes, neq; panes aut fructus no ‘the Form which Recantation, made the
vos ullatenus benedicas, quia tuum officium non implevisti fideliter & devote.
Degradatio ab ordine Hostiariatus. Claves Ecclesiae aufert Pontifex degradator, dicens:—Quia in clavibus errasti, claves dimitte,
& quia hostia cordis tui male daemonibus obse rasti, amovemus, a te officium hostiarii, ut non
perchtias cymbalum, non aperias Ecclesian, non sacrarium, non librum amplius prædicanti.
- Degradatio à prima Tonsura.
Superpellicium degradando extrahit Pontifex
degradator, dicens:–Autoritate Dei omnipo tentis, Patris, & Filii, & Spiritus Sancti, acqua
friars and doctors, whereto Cranmer subscribed, was this,' whereby appears that Mr. Fox believed Cranmer did subscribe this entire
form. Yet does add after the form itself,
fungimur in hac parte, tibi auferimus habitum Thomas Cranmer, with solemn subscription. clericalem, & nudamus te religionis ornatu, at Then followed the witnesses of this Recanta
que depomimus, degradamus, spoliamus & exui tion. Henry Sydal, and friar John Villa mus omni ordine, beneficio, & privilegio cleri Gacina. All this while Cranmer was no cali, & velut clericali professione indignum re certain assurance his life; although the same digimus te in servitutem & ignominiam habitus was faithfully promised him the doctors. secularis ac status. But after that they had their purpose, the rest
Eum forficibus tondere incipiat Pontifex de they committed
gradator, & per Barbitonsorem ibidem prosen men that religion
tem totaliter tonderi faciat caput degradandi, now gotten time
dicens:—Te velut ingratum filium a sorte Do ceived his Recantation very gladly; but her mini ad quam vocatus fueras abjicimus, & co purpose put him death she would nothing romain capitis regale quideum signum sacer. relent 813). Mr. Fox.
what makes subscribed put
probable did not believe himself, but that his name was
some those prelates and doctors who were then present. “This Recantation
the archbishop,' says Mr. Fox, ‘was not soon conceived but the doctors and prelates, with
out delay, caused the same imprinted, and set abroad mens hands. Whereunto, for better credit, first was added the name
adventure, became do. The queen having
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845] STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [846
A strange story this; that so solemn a Recan
tation of archbishop Cranmer, primate of
England, should published his own, with
out any other witnesses, than two such obscure
persons Henry Sydal, never, that know
afterward heard of, and friar John Villa Gar
cina, one brought from Spain pervert the this first part the present Recantation, and university Oxford Popery. —Now, nothing else.
this entire copy Recantation, seems indeed not impossible that might me consist two very different parts: the transcribe some copies this entire Recanta
first part, ending with “without which there no salvation,” such nature Cranmer might himself draw and sign, literally true and catholic his opinion: though must be confessed very capable popish sense also. The seconti part about six times
large and such Cranmer could not possibly draw up, nor subscribe, with truth,
any sense whatsoever. Which two parts are
tion, was proposed him the Papists; and those Papists might give out, what they much wished, that was disposed give his consent the whole; and might print and publish the way forgery, Cranmer's own Recantation which we shall see great evidence anon that they really did. And for his permission such copies abroad under his hand, might sorely repent him afterward: the words spoke that stake,
produced hereafter, would incline one
suppose. However, that never did either draw up, really sign this whole pretended Recantation before us, consenting thereto, the following Arguments will render highly
therefore accurately each other, and considered
distinguished from quite different stile and language
views. The former
very like that archbishop Cranmer's; but
the other quite different from The contents, which declare not only his readiness re nounce the errors other people, and cndeavour follow nothing but what was ori ginally true and sound doctrine, very agree able Cranmer also who left all the modern
notions, and most diligently searched into the New Testament, and the primitive writers, for true and pure christianity. (a) which search indeed had been along truly inde fatigable. This confession “one holy and catholic church' Cranmer's own declaration,
probable:
-
stake, and which he allowed, viz. that was express the true and undoubted Profession his Faith, that might take away suspi
cion from men; and that men might under stand that was catholic indeed. ” (p. 818. ) All which passages seem me belong
his Appeal from the pope General When his adversaries reproached him with Council this very time (p. 805): and his de recanting the stake his former Recantation,
claring visible Church confessed,
s was then the protestant notion; we learn
one the other martyr's confessions, and
Cranmer's stiling the, king head the visible
Church, his Answer Dr. Martin (p. 781)
and both about the very same time also. And as to the additional character of that Church
here, that “without,' “out there no
suppose, Cranmer might this time es
pecially since had hopes saving life
such subscription. He might also assure Dr. Cole, who was sent try whether abode
and thereby being guilty falshood and dissi mulation, answered, “Ah, my masters, do
not you take so. Always since lived hi therto have been hater falshood, and lover simplicity; and never before this time
have dissembled. ” 820). And his courage and boldness his confession, was one of the most eminent of all our Reformers.
He was ever one the most open and forward speakers and writers for the protestant religion against Popery others; appears through
whole history. Particularly, when first
perceived himself imminent danger under queen Mary, and her cruel ministers; and was
Salvation,'
take have been the common doctrine all that time, both Protestants and Papists, without exception. —And far,
his declared purpose, that “by God's grace
would daily more confirmed the catholic
faith,’ (p. 813) which catholic faith,
owned himself his death. He might
endeavour please the queen far, because persecution rising: but considering the station she, seems, insisted that “she would have he was in, and the hand had all the Cranmer catholic, else Cranmer
all,” that that his declaring himself ca
tholic, was absolutely necessary his life
and restoration; the friar informed him.
And this suppose was that Dr. Cole re
ferred to, when put Cranmer mind
some promise his, was geing the
(a) Burnet's Hist. Reformat, vol. 171. vol. 250,
changes that were made, thought in decent thing for him fly, that intreaties should ever persuade him it. ”(b) Bishop Ridley also, just before himself was burnt, “Expressed his great joy for what heard Cranmer's godly and fatherly constancy; whose integrity and uprightness, gravity and inno cence was known the whole nation. And
(b) Burnet, vol. 248.
The known Character abp. Cranmer for sincerity and courage, will not permit easily believe that ever he made such Recan
tation; much less that continued for about month five weeks together, the
present accounts imply.