A change passed
over his features: his nose became more crooked, and his chin
more pointed; he no longer resembled a lion, he was a fox.
over his features: his nose became more crooked, and his chin
more pointed; he no longer resembled a lion, he was a fox.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v06 - Cal to Chr
"
"By what right are we enemies, princess? " he asked, with a
slightly troubled feeling, which quickly passed away as she
answered, "I am a Russian and you are a Pole; but we shall
have no time for fighting: I leave for London to-morrow morn-
ing at seven o'clock. "
He was on the point of casting himself at her feet and
tenderly kissing her two hands in testimony of his gratitude.
"To-morrow at seven o'clock," he mentally ejaculated. "I have
slandered her: she has some good in her. ”
"When I say that I am a Russian," resumed the princess,
"it is merely a formal speech. Love of country is a prejudice,
an idea which has had its day, which had sense in the times of
Epaminondas or of Theseus, but which has it no longer. We
live in the age of the telegraph, the locomotive; and I know of
nothing more absurd now than a frontier, or more ridiculous
than a patriot. Rumor says that you fought like a hero in the
insurrection of 1863; that you gave proof of incomparable
prowess, and that you killed with your own hand ten Cossacks.
What harm had they done you, those poor Cossacks? Do they
## p. 3615 (#597) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3615
not sometimes haunt your dreams? Can you think of your
victims without disquietude and without remorse? »
He replied in a dry, haughty tone: "I really do not know,
princess, how many Cossacks I have killed; but I do know that
there are some subjects on which I do not love to expatiate. "
"You are right-I should not comprehend you. Don Qui-
xote did not do Sancho the honor to explain himself to him
every day. "
"Ah, I beg of you, let us talk a little of the man-monkey,"
he observed, in a rather more pliant tone than he had at first
assumed. "That is a question which has the advantage of being
neither Russian nor Polish. "
"You will not succeed that way in throwing me off the track.
I mean to tell you all the evil I think of you, no matter how it
may incense you. You uttered, at table, theories which dis-
pleased me. You are not only a Polish patriot,-you are an
idealist, a true disciple of Plato, and you do not know how I
have always detested this man. In all these sixty years that
I have been in this world, I have seen nothing but selfishness
and grasping after self-gratification. Twice during dinner you
spoke of an ideal world. What is an ideal world? Where is it
situated? You speak of it as of a house whose inhabitants you
are well acquainted with, whose key is in your pocket. Can
you show me the key? I promise not to steal it from you. 0
Poet! - for you are quite as much of a poet as of a Pole, which
is not saying much-»
"Nothing remains but to hang me,” he interposed, smilingly.
"No, I shall not hang you. Opinions are free, and there is
room enough in the world for all, even idealists. Besides, if you
were to be hanged, it would bring to the verge of despair a
charming girl who adores you, who was created expressly for
you, and whom you will shortly marry. When will the cere-
mony take place? "
"If I dared hope that you would do me the honor of being
present, princess, I should postpone it until your return from
England. "
"You are too amiable; but I could not on any consideration
retard the happiness of Mademoiselle Moriaz. There, my dear
count, I congratulate you sincerely. I had the pleasure to meet
here the future Countess Larinski. She is adorable! It is an
exquisite nature, hers-a true poet's wife. She must have
## p. 3616 (#598) ###########################################
3616
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
brains, discernment; she has chosen you- that says everything.
As to her fortune, I dare not ask you if she has any; you would
turn away from me in disgust. Do idealists trouble their heads
with such vile questions? "
She leaned toward him, and fanning herself excitedly, added,
"These poor idealists! they have one misfortune. "
"And what is that, princess? "
"They dream with open eyes, and the awakening is some-
times disagreeable. Ah, my dear Count Larinski, this, that, and
the other, et cætera. Thus endeth the adventure. "
Then stretching out her neck until her face was close to his,
she darted at him a venomous viper-like look, and in a voice
that seemed to cut into his tympanum like a sharp-toothed saw,
she hissed, "Samuel Brohl, the man with the green eyes, sooner
or later the mountains must meet! "
It seemed to him that the candelabra on the mantel-piece
darted out jets of flame, whose green, blue, and rose-colored
tongues ascended to the ceiling; and it appeared to him as
though his heart was beating as noisily as a clock pendulum, and
that every one would turn to inquire whence came the noise.
But every one was occupied; no one turned round; no one sus-
pected that there was a man present on whom a thunderbolt had
just fallen.
The man passed his hand over his brow, which was covered
with a cold sweat; then dispelling by an effort of will the cloud
that veiled his eyes, he in turn leaned toward the princess and
with quivering lip and evil sardonic glance, said to her in a low
voice:
"Princess, I have a slight acquaintance with this Samuel
Brohl of whom you speak. He is not a man who will allow
himself to be strangled without a great deal of outcry. You are
not much in the habit of writing; nevertheless he received from
you two letters, which he copied, placing the originals in safety.
If ever he sees the necessity of appearing in a court of justice,
these two letters can be made to create quite a sensation, and
unquestionably they will be the delight of all the petty journals
of Paris. "
Thereupon he made a profound bow, respectfully took leave
of Madame de Lorcy, and retired, followed by Abbé Miollens,
who inflicted a real torture by insisting on accompanying him to
the station.
## p. 3617 (#599) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3617
SAMUEL BROHL GIVES UP THE PLAY
From Samuel Brohl and Company'
THE
HE gate opened and admitted Samuel Brohl, who had a smile
on his lips. His first words were "And your umbrella!
You have forgotten it? "
――――――――――
Mademoiselle de Moriaz replied, "Do you not see that there
is no sunshine ? » And she remained leaning against the apple-
tree.
He uplifted his hand to show her the blue sky; he let it fall
again. He looked at Antoinette, and he was afraid. He guessed
immediately that she knew all. At once he grew audacious.
"I spent a dull day yesterday," said he. "Madame de Lorcy
invited me to dine with a crazy woman; but the night made up
for it. I saw Engadine in my dreams-the firs, the Alpine
pines, the emerald lakes, and a red hood. "
"I too dreamed last night. I dreamed that the bracelet you
gave me belonged to the crazy woman of whom you speak, and
that she had her name engraved on it. "
She threw him the bracelet; he picked it up, examined it,
turned and re-turned it in his trembling fingers. She grew impa-
tient. "Look at the place that has been forced open.
Don't you
know how to read? "
He read, and became stupefied. Who would have believed
that this trinket that he had found among his father's old traps
had come to him from Princess Gulof; that it was the price she
had paid for Samuel Brohl's ignominy and shame? Samuel was
a fatalist; he felt that his star had set, that Fate had conspired
to ruin his hopes, that he was found guilty and condemned. His
heart grew heavy within him.
"Can you tell me what I ought to think of a certain Samuel
Brohl? " she asked.
That name, pronounced by her, fell on him like a mass of
lead; he never would have believed that there could be so much
weight in a human word. He trembled under the blow; then he
struck his brow with his clinched hand and replied:
"Samuel Brohl is a man as worthy of your pity as he is of
mine. If you knew all that he has suffered, all that he has
dared, you could not help deeply pitying and admiring him.
Listen to me: Samuel Brohl is an unfortunate man—»
-
VI-227
## p. 3618 (#600) ###########################################
3618
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
"Or a wretch! " she interrupted in a terrible voice.
She was
seized by a fit of nervous laughter; she cried out, "Madame
Brohl! I will not be called Madame Brohl. Ah! that poor
Countess Larinski! "
He had a spasm of rage that would have terrified her had
she conjectured what agitated him. He raised his head, crossed
his arms on his breast, and said with a bitter smile, "It was not
the man that you loved, it was the count. "
She replied, "The man whom I loved never lied. "
"Yes, I lied," he cried, gasping for breath. "I drank that
cup of shame without remorse or disgust. I lied because I loved
you madly. I lied because you were dearer to me than my
honor. I lied because I despaired of touching your heart, and
any road seemed good that led to you. Why did I meet you?
why could I not see you without recognizing in you the dream
of my whole life? Happiness had passed me by, it was about
to take flight; I caught it in a trap-I lied. Who would not
lie, to be loved by you? "
Samuel Brohl had never looked so handsome. Despair and
passion kindled a sombre flame in his eyes; he had the sinister
charm of a fiery Satan. He fixed on Antoinette a fascinating
glance which said, "What matter my name, my lies, and the
rest? My face is not a mask, and I am the man who pleased
you. " He had not the least suspicion of the astonishing facility
with which Antoinette had taken back the heart that she had
given away so easily; he did not suspect what miracles can be
wrought by contempt. In the Middle Ages people believed in
golems, figures in clay of an entrancing beauty, which had all
the appearance of life. Under a lock of hair was written, in
Hebrew characters, on their brow, the word "Truth. " If they
chanced to lie, the word was obliterated; they lost all their
charm; the clay was no longer anything but clay.
Mademoiselle Moriaz divined Samuel Brohl's thought; she
exclaimed, "The man I loved was he whose history you related
to me. "
He would have liked to kill her, so that she should never
belong to another. Behind Antoinette, not twenty steps distant,
he descried the curb of a well, and grew dizzy at the sight. He
discovered with despair that he was not made of the stuff for
crime. He dropped down on his knees in the grass and cried,
"If you will not pardon me, nothing remains for me but to
## p. 3619 (#601) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3619
die! " She stood motionless and impassive. She repeated be-
tween her teeth Camille Langis's phrase: "I am waiting until
this great comedian has finished playing his piece. "
He rose and started to run toward the well. She was in
front of him and barred the passage, but at the same moment
she felt two hands clasp her waist, and the breath of two lips.
which sought her lips and which murmured, "You love me still,
since you do not want me to die. "
She struggled with violence and horror; she succeeded by a
frantic effort in disengaging herself from his grasp. She fled
toward the house. Samuel Brohl rushed after her in mad pur-
suit; he was just reaching her, when he suddenly stopped. He
had caught sight of M. Langis, hurrying from out a thicket,
where he had been hidden. Growing uneasy, he had approached
the orchard through a path concealed by the heavy foliage. An-
toinette, out of breath, ran to him, gasping, "Camille, save me
from this man! " and she threw herself into his arms, which
closed about her with delight. He felt her sink; she would have
fallen had he not supported her.
At the same instant a menacing voice saluted him with the
words, "Monsieur, we will meet again! "
To-day, if you will," he replied.
Antoinette's wild excitement had given place to insensibility;
she neither saw nor heard; her limbs no longer sustained her.
Camille had great difficulty in bringing her to the house; she
could not ascend the steps of the terrace; he was obliged to
carry her. Mademoiselle Moiseney saw him, and filled the air
with her cries. She ran forward, she lavished her best care on
her queen.
All the time she was busy in bringing her to her
senses she was asking Camille for explanations, to which she
did not pay the least attention; she interrupted him at every
word to exclaim:- "This has been designed, and you are at the
bottom of the plot. I have suspected you-you owe Antoinette
a grudge. Your wounded vanity has never recovered from her
refusal, and you are determined to be revenged. Perhaps you
flatter yourself that she will end by loving you. She does not
love you, and she never will love you. Who are you, to dare
compare yourself with Count Larinski?
Be silent!
Do I believe in Samuel Brohl? I do not know Samuel
Brohl. I venture my head that there is no such person as
Samuel Brohl. "
## p. 3620 (#602) ###########################################
3620
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
"Not much of a venture, mademoiselle," replied M. Moriaz,
who had arrived in the mean time.
Antoinette remained during an hour in a state of mute lan-
guor; then a violent fever took possession of her. When the
physician who had been sent for arrived, M. Langis accompa-
nied him into the chamber of the sick girl. She was delirious:
seated upright, she kept continually passing her hand over her
brow; she sought to efface the taint of a kiss she had received
one moonlight night, and the impression in her hair of the flap-
ping of a bat's wings that had caught in her hood. These two
things were confounded in her memory. From time to time
she said, "Where is my portrait? Give me my portrait. "
It was about ten o'clock when M. Langis called on Samuel
Brohl, who was not astonished to see him appear; he had hoped
he would come. Samuel had regained self-possession. He was
calm and dignified. However, the tempest through which he
had gone had left on his features some vestige of its passage.
His lips quivered, and his beautiful chestnut locks curled like
serpents about his temples and gave his head a Medusa-like
appearance.
He said to Camille, "Where and when? Our seconds will
undertake the arrangement of the rest. "
"You mistake, monsieur, the motive of my visit,” replied M.
Langis. "I am grieved to destroy your illusions, but I did not
come to arrange a meeting with you. "
« Do you
refuse to give me satisfaction? "
"What satisfaction do I owe you? "
"You insulted me. "
"When? "
"And you said, "The day, the place, the weapons. I leave
all to your choice. »»
M. Langis could not refrain from smiling. "Ah! you at last
acknowledge that your fainting fit was comedy? " he rejoined.
"Acknowledge on your part," replied Samuel, "that you
insult persons when you believe that they are not in a state to
hear you.
Your courage likes to take the safe side. "
"Be reasonable," replied Camille. "I placed myself at Count
Larinski's disposal: you cannot require me to fight with a Samuel
Brohl! "
Samuel sprang to his feet; with fierce bearing and head erect
he advanced to the young man, who awaited him unflinchingly,
## p. 3621 (#603) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3621
and whose resolute manner awed him. He cast upon him a
sinister look, turned and reseated himself, bit his lips until the
blood came; then said in a placid voice: —
"Will you do me the favor of telling me, monsieur, to what
I owe the honor of this visit ? »
"I came to demand of you a portrait that Mademoiselle
Moriaz is desirous of having returned. "
"If I refuse to give it up, you will doubtless appeal to my
delicacy? "
"Do you doubt it? " ironically replied Camille.
"That proves, monsieur, that you still believe in Count
Larinski; that it is to him you speak at this moment. "
"You deceive yourself. I came to see Samuel Brohl, who is
a business man, and it is a commercial transaction that I intend
to hold with him. " And drawing from his pocket a porte-
monnaie, he added, "You see I do not come empty-handed. "
Samuel settled himself in his arm-chair. Half closing his eyes,
he watched M. Langis through his eye-lashes.
A change passed
over his features: his nose became more crooked, and his chin
more pointed; he no longer resembled a lion, he was a fox.
His lips wore the sugared smile of a usurer, one who lays snares
for the sons of wealthy families, and who scents out every favor-
able case. If at this moment Jeremiah Brohl had seen him from
the other world, he would have recognized his own flesh and
blood.
-
He said at last to Camille, "You are a man of understanding,
monsieur; I am ready to listen to you. "
"I am very glad of it, and to speak frankly, I had no doubts
about it. I knew you to be very intelligent, very much disposed
to make the best of an unpleasant conjuncture. "
"Ah! spare my modesty. I thank you for your excellent opin-
ion of me; I should warn you that I am accused of being greedy
after gain. You will leave some of the feathers from your wings
between my fingers. "
For a reply M. Langis significantly patted the portemonnaie
which he held in his hand, and which was literally stuffed with
bank-notes. Immediately Samuel took from a locked drawer a
casket, and proceeded to open it.
"This is a very precious gem," he said. "The medallion is
gold, and the work on the miniature is exquisite. It is a master-
piece the color equals the design. The mouth is marvelously
## p. 3622 (#604) ###########################################
3622
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
rendered. Mengs or Liotard could not have done better. At
what do you value this work of art? "
"You are more of a connoisseur than I. I will leave it to
your own valuation. "
"I will let you have the trinket for five thousand francs; it is
almost nothing. "
Camille began to draw out the five thousand francs from his
portemonnaie. "How prompt you are! " remarked Samuel. «The
portrait has not only a value as a work of art; I am sure you
attach a sentimental value to it, for I suspect you of being over
head and ears in love with the original. "
"I find you too greedy," replied Camille, casting on him a
crushing glance.
"Do not be angry. I am accustomed to exercise methodical
precision in business affairs. My father always sold at a fixed
price, and I too never lower my charges. You will readily
understand that what is worth five thousand francs to a friend is
worth double to a lover. The gem is worth ten thousand francs.
You can take it or leave it. "
"I will take it," replied M. Langis.
"Since we agree," continued Samuel, "I possess still other
articles which might suit you. "
"Why, do you think of selling me your clothing? "
"Let us come to an understanding. I have other articles of
the same lot. "
And he brought from a closet the red hood, which he spread
out on the table.
"Here is an article of clothing-to use your own words-
that may be of interest to you. Its color is beautiful; if you
saw it in the sunshine, it would dazzle you. I grant that the
stuff is common-it is very ordinary cashmere- but if you
deign to examine it closely, you will be struck by the peculiar
perfume that it exhales. The Italians call it 'l'odor femminino. › »
(
"And what is your rate of charge for the odor femminino› ? »
"I will be moderate. I will let you have this article and its
perfume for five thousand francs. It is actually giving it away. "
"Assuredly. We will say ten and five-that makes fifteen
thousand. "
"One moment. You can pay for all together. I have other
things to offer you. -One would say that the floor burned your
feet, and that you could not endure being in this room. ”
## p. 3623 (#605) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3623
"I allow that I long to leave this-what shall I say? — this
shop, lair, or den. "
"You are young, monsieur: it never does to hurry; haste
causes us acts of forgetfulness which we afterward regret. You
would be very sorry not to take away with you these two scraps
of paper. "
At these words he drew from his note-book two letters, which
he unfolded.
"Is there much more? " demanded Camille. "I fear that
I shall become short of funds, and be obliged to go back for
more. "
"Ah, these two letters! I will not part with them for a trifle;
the second especially. It is only twelve lines in length; but
what pretty English handwriting! Only see! and the style is
loving and tender. I will add that it is signed. Ah, monsieur,
Mademoiselle Moriaz will be charmed to see these scrawls again.
Under what obligations will she be to you! You will make the
most of it; you will tell her that you wrested them from me,
your dagger at my throat-that you terrified me. With what a
gracious smile she will reward your heroism! According to my
opinion that smile is as well worth ten thousand francs as the
medallion- the two gems are of equal value. "
"If you want more, it makes no difference. »
"No, monsieur; I have told you I have only one price. "
"At this rate, it is twenty-five thousand francs that I owe you.
You have nothing more to sell me? "
"Alas! that is all. "
"Will you swear it? "
"What, monsieur! you admit then that Samuel Brohl has
a word of honor- that when he has sworn he can be believed? "
"You are right; I am still very young.
>>>
"That is all, then, I swear to you," affirmed Samuel, sigh-
ing. "My shop is poorly stocked; I had commenced laying in a
supply, but an unfortunate accident deranged my little business. "
"Bah! be consoled," replied M. Langis; "you will find
another opportunity: a genius of such lofty flights as yours is
never at a loss. You have been unfortunate; some day Fortune
will compensate you for the wrongs she has done you, and the
world will accord justice to your fine talents. "
Speaking thus, he laid on the table twenty-five notes of a
thousand francs each. He counted them; Samuel counted them
## p. 3624 (#606) ###########################################
3624
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
after him, and at once delivered to him the medallion, the hood,
and the two letters.
Camille rose to leave. "Monsieur Brohl," he said, "from the
first day I saw you, I formed the highest opinion of your char-
acter. The reality surpasses my expectations. I am charmed
to have made your acquaintance, and I venture to hope that
you are not sorry to have made mine. However, I shall not
say au revoir. »
"Who knows? " replied Samuel, suddenly changing his counte-
nance and attitude. And he added, "If you are fond of being
astonished, monsieur, will you remain still another instant in this
den ? »
He rolled and twisted the twenty-five one-thousand-franc notes
into lamp-lighters; then with a grand gesture, à la Poniatowski,
he approached the candle, held them in the flame until they
blazed, and then threw them on the hearth, where they were
soon consumed.
Turning toward M. Langis, he cried, "Will you now do me
the honor of fighting with me? »
"After such a noble act as that, I can refuse you nothing,"
returned Camille. "I will do you that signal honor. "
"Just what I desire," replied Samuel. "I am the offended;
I have the choice of arms. " And in showing M. Langis out, he
said, "I will not conceal from you that I have frequented the
shooting galleries, and that I am a first-class pistol-shot. "
Camille bowed and went out.
The next day, in a lucid interval, Mademoiselle Moriaz saw
at the foot of her bed a medallion laid on a red hood. From
that moment the physician announced an improvement in her
symptoms.
Copyrighted by D. Appleton and Company, 1877.
## p. 3624 (#607) ###########################################
## p. 3624 (#608) ###########################################
CHESTERFIELD.
## p. 3624 (#609) ###########################################
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## p. 3624 (#611) ###########################################
3625
LORD CHESTERFIELD
(1694-1773)
s THE best representative of a creditable type among English
noblemen in the reign of George II. ,- an accomplished
courtier, a diplomatic statesman worthy of reliance on occa-
sions of emergency, a scholar, and a patron of literature,- Philip
Dormer Stanhope, fourth earl of Chesterfield, occupied a prominent
place in the history of his country for more than forty years. He
was the eldest son of Philip, third earl, and was born at London in
1694. Most of his boyhood was spent under the care of his grand-
mother, the Marchioness of Halifax. When eighteen, he was entered
at Trinity College, Cambridge, and became "an excellent classical
scholar. " The principal events in his public career were his election
to Parliament in his twenty-first year; his appointment as Captain of
the Yeomen of the Guard in return for a political vote; his selection
for special service as Ambassador to The Hague after his succession
to the family title; his appointment as Lord High Steward, with the
Garter, as a reward for his success in Holland; his expulsion from
that position by Horace Walpole for political disobedience in oppos-
ing an excise bill; his second successful mission to The Hague; his
selection, as a reward, for the responsible post of Viceroy in Ireland,
and subsequently his resignation and acceptance of office as Secre-
tary of State, this latter appointment being taken when the Earl
had reached his fiftieth year. Chesterfield was first a warm friend,
then a bitter enemy of Horace Walpole. He also antagonized George
II. , but that monarch finally succumbed to diplomatic treatment at
his hands and offered his former antagonist a dukedom, which was
courteously declined. In his fifty-eighth year, partial deafness caused
him to withdraw almost wholly from public affairs. In diplomacy,
his successful missions to The Hague made him strong with officials
in power.
His ability as a statesman was shown to great advantage
in a firm yet popular administration of Irish affairs during a critical
period in Irish history. As a patron of literature, Dr. Samuel Johnson
deemed him a distinct failure, and expressed this opinion forcibly to
that effect in his celebrated letter. His literary reputation rests
chiefly on letters addressed to his natural son Philip, who died in
his thirty-sixth year, greatly to his father's disappointment, he hav-
ing looked forward to a great career for the young man. His letters
of counsel and advice were to that end; oddly, they left the recipient
## p. 3624 (#612) ###########################################
CHESTERFIELD
## p. 3625 (#613) ###########################################
3625
LORD CHESTERFIELD
(1694-1773)
s THE best representative of a creditable type among English
noblemen in the reign of George II. ,- an accomplished
courtier, a diplomatic statesman worthy of reliance on occa-
sions of emergency, a scholar, and a patron of literature,— Philip
Dormer Stanhope, fourth earl of Chesterfield, occupied a prominent
place in the history of his country for more than forty years. He
was the eldest son of Philip, third earl, and was born at London in
1694. Most of his boyhood was spent under the care of his grand-
mother, the Marchioness of Halifax. When eighteen, he was entered
at Trinity College, Cambridge, and became "an excellent classical
scholar. " The principal events in his public career were his election
to Parliament in his twenty-first year; his appointment as Captain of
the Yeomen of the Guard in return for a political vote; his selection
for special service as Ambassador to The Hague after his succession
to the family title; his appointment as Lord High Steward, with the
Garter, as a reward for his success in Holland; his expulsion from
that position by Horace Walpole for political disobedience in oppos-
ing an excise bill; his second successful mission to The Hague; his
selection, as a reward, for the responsible post of Viceroy in Ireland,
and subsequently his resignation and acceptance of office as Secre-
tary of State, this latter appointment being taken when the Earl
had reached his fiftieth year. Chesterfield was first a warm friend,
then a bitter enemy of Horace Walpole. He also antagonized George
II. , but that monarch finally succumbed to diplomatic treatment at
his hands and offered his former antagonist a dukedom, which was
courteously declined. In his fifty-eighth year, partial deafness caused
him to withdraw almost wholly from public affairs. In diplomacy,
his successful missions to The Hague made him strong with officials
in power. His ability as a statesman was shown to great advantage
in a firm yet popular administration of Irish affairs during a critical
period in Irish history. As a patron of literature, Dr. Samuel Johnson
deemed him a distinct failure, and expressed this opinion forcibly to
that effect in his celebrated letter. His literary reputation rests
chiefly on letters addressed to his natural son Philip, who died in
his thirty-sixth year, greatly to his father's disappointment, he hav-
ing looked forward to a great career for the young man. His letters
of counsel and advice were to that end; oddly, they left the recipient
## p. 3626 (#614) ###########################################
3626
LORD CHESTERFIELD
still shy, awkward, tactless, and immature. These epistles, not in-
tended for public perusal, were subsequently printed in book form.
The Earl of Chesterfield died in 1773. Four years after his death,
'Miscellaneous Works' were published in two volumes, also 'Char-
acters. ' 'The Art of Pleasing' and 'Letters to His Heir' appeared
ten years from the date of his decease, and this was followed, a
few months later, by Memoirs of Asiaticus. '
FROM LETTERS TO HIS SON›
CONCERNING MANNERS
TH
HERE is a bienséance with regard to people of the lowest
degree; a gentleman observes it with his footman, even
with the beggar in the street. He considers them as ob-
jects of compassion, not of insult; he speaks to neither d'un ton
brusque, but corrects the one coolly, and refuses the other with
humanity. There is no one occasion in the world, in which le
ton brusque is becoming a gentleman. In short, les bienséances
are another word for manners, and extend to every part of life.
They are propriety; the Graces should attend in order to com-
plete them: the Graces enable us to do genteelly and pleasingly
what les bienséances require to be done at all. The latter are an
obligation upon every man; the former are an infinite advan-
tage and ornament to any man.
THE CONTROL OF ONE'S COUNTENANCE
PEOPLE unused to the world have babbling countenances, and
are unskillful enough to show what they have sense enough not
to tell.
In the course of the world, a man must very often put
on an easy, frank countenance, upon very disagreeable occasions;
he must seem pleased, when he is very much otherwise; he must
be able to accost and receive with smiles those whom he would
much rather meet with swords. In Courts he must not turn
himself inside out. All this may, nay, must be done, without
falsehood and treachery: for it must go no further than politeness
and manners, and must stop short of assurances and professions
of simulated friendship. Good manners to those one does not
love are no more a breach of truth than "your humble servant,"
at the bottom of a challenge, is; they are universally agreed upon
and understood to be things of course. They are necessary
## p. 3627 (#615) ###########################################
LORD CHESTERFIELD
3627
guards of the decency and peace of society: they must only act
defensively; and then not with arms poisoned with perfidy.
Truth, but not the whole truth, must be the invariable principle
of every man who hath either religion, honor, or prudence.
DRESS AS AN INDEX TO CHARACTER
I CANNOT help forming some opinion of a man's sense
and character from his dress; and I believe most people do
well as myself. Any affectation whatsoever in dress implies
in my mind a flaw in the understanding
A man of
sense carefully avoids any particular character in his dress; he is
accurately clean for his own sake; but all the rest is for other
people's. He dresses as well, and in the same manner, as the
people of sense and fashion of the place where he is. If he
dresses better, as he thinks,- that is, more than they, he is a
fop; if he dresses worse, he is unpardonably negligent: but of
the two, I would rather have a young fellow too much than too
little dressed: the excess on that side will wear off with a little
age and reflection; but if he is negligent at twenty, he will be a
sloven at forty and stink at fifty years old. Dress yourself fine
where others are fine, and plain where others are plain; but take
care always that your clothes are well made and fit you, for
otherwise they will give you a very awkward air. When you
are once well dressed for the day, think no more of it after-
wards; and without any stiffness or fear of discomposing that
dress, let all your motions be as easy and natural as if you had
no clothes on at all.
SOME REMARKS ON GOOD BREEDING
A FRIEND of yours and mine has justly defined good breed-
ing to be "the result of much good sense, some good nature, and
a little self-denial for the sake of others, and with a view to
obtain the same indulgence from them. " Taking this for granted
(as I think it cannot be disputed), it is astonishing to me that
anybody who had good sense and good nature (and I believe
you have both) can essentially fail in good breeding. As to the
modes of it, indeed, they vary according to persons, places, and
circumstances, and are only to be acquired by observation and
## p. 3628 (#616) ###########################################
3628
LORD CHESTERFIELD
experience; but the substance of it is everywhere and eternally
the same. Good manners are to particular societies what good
morals are to society in general-their cement and their security.
And as laws are enacted to enforce good morals, or at least
to prevent the ill effects of bad ones, so there are certain rules
of civility, universally implied and received, to enforce good
manners and punish bad ones.
"By what right are we enemies, princess? " he asked, with a
slightly troubled feeling, which quickly passed away as she
answered, "I am a Russian and you are a Pole; but we shall
have no time for fighting: I leave for London to-morrow morn-
ing at seven o'clock. "
He was on the point of casting himself at her feet and
tenderly kissing her two hands in testimony of his gratitude.
"To-morrow at seven o'clock," he mentally ejaculated. "I have
slandered her: she has some good in her. ”
"When I say that I am a Russian," resumed the princess,
"it is merely a formal speech. Love of country is a prejudice,
an idea which has had its day, which had sense in the times of
Epaminondas or of Theseus, but which has it no longer. We
live in the age of the telegraph, the locomotive; and I know of
nothing more absurd now than a frontier, or more ridiculous
than a patriot. Rumor says that you fought like a hero in the
insurrection of 1863; that you gave proof of incomparable
prowess, and that you killed with your own hand ten Cossacks.
What harm had they done you, those poor Cossacks? Do they
## p. 3615 (#597) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3615
not sometimes haunt your dreams? Can you think of your
victims without disquietude and without remorse? »
He replied in a dry, haughty tone: "I really do not know,
princess, how many Cossacks I have killed; but I do know that
there are some subjects on which I do not love to expatiate. "
"You are right-I should not comprehend you. Don Qui-
xote did not do Sancho the honor to explain himself to him
every day. "
"Ah, I beg of you, let us talk a little of the man-monkey,"
he observed, in a rather more pliant tone than he had at first
assumed. "That is a question which has the advantage of being
neither Russian nor Polish. "
"You will not succeed that way in throwing me off the track.
I mean to tell you all the evil I think of you, no matter how it
may incense you. You uttered, at table, theories which dis-
pleased me. You are not only a Polish patriot,-you are an
idealist, a true disciple of Plato, and you do not know how I
have always detested this man. In all these sixty years that
I have been in this world, I have seen nothing but selfishness
and grasping after self-gratification. Twice during dinner you
spoke of an ideal world. What is an ideal world? Where is it
situated? You speak of it as of a house whose inhabitants you
are well acquainted with, whose key is in your pocket. Can
you show me the key? I promise not to steal it from you. 0
Poet! - for you are quite as much of a poet as of a Pole, which
is not saying much-»
"Nothing remains but to hang me,” he interposed, smilingly.
"No, I shall not hang you. Opinions are free, and there is
room enough in the world for all, even idealists. Besides, if you
were to be hanged, it would bring to the verge of despair a
charming girl who adores you, who was created expressly for
you, and whom you will shortly marry. When will the cere-
mony take place? "
"If I dared hope that you would do me the honor of being
present, princess, I should postpone it until your return from
England. "
"You are too amiable; but I could not on any consideration
retard the happiness of Mademoiselle Moriaz. There, my dear
count, I congratulate you sincerely. I had the pleasure to meet
here the future Countess Larinski. She is adorable! It is an
exquisite nature, hers-a true poet's wife. She must have
## p. 3616 (#598) ###########################################
3616
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
brains, discernment; she has chosen you- that says everything.
As to her fortune, I dare not ask you if she has any; you would
turn away from me in disgust. Do idealists trouble their heads
with such vile questions? "
She leaned toward him, and fanning herself excitedly, added,
"These poor idealists! they have one misfortune. "
"And what is that, princess? "
"They dream with open eyes, and the awakening is some-
times disagreeable. Ah, my dear Count Larinski, this, that, and
the other, et cætera. Thus endeth the adventure. "
Then stretching out her neck until her face was close to his,
she darted at him a venomous viper-like look, and in a voice
that seemed to cut into his tympanum like a sharp-toothed saw,
she hissed, "Samuel Brohl, the man with the green eyes, sooner
or later the mountains must meet! "
It seemed to him that the candelabra on the mantel-piece
darted out jets of flame, whose green, blue, and rose-colored
tongues ascended to the ceiling; and it appeared to him as
though his heart was beating as noisily as a clock pendulum, and
that every one would turn to inquire whence came the noise.
But every one was occupied; no one turned round; no one sus-
pected that there was a man present on whom a thunderbolt had
just fallen.
The man passed his hand over his brow, which was covered
with a cold sweat; then dispelling by an effort of will the cloud
that veiled his eyes, he in turn leaned toward the princess and
with quivering lip and evil sardonic glance, said to her in a low
voice:
"Princess, I have a slight acquaintance with this Samuel
Brohl of whom you speak. He is not a man who will allow
himself to be strangled without a great deal of outcry. You are
not much in the habit of writing; nevertheless he received from
you two letters, which he copied, placing the originals in safety.
If ever he sees the necessity of appearing in a court of justice,
these two letters can be made to create quite a sensation, and
unquestionably they will be the delight of all the petty journals
of Paris. "
Thereupon he made a profound bow, respectfully took leave
of Madame de Lorcy, and retired, followed by Abbé Miollens,
who inflicted a real torture by insisting on accompanying him to
the station.
## p. 3617 (#599) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3617
SAMUEL BROHL GIVES UP THE PLAY
From Samuel Brohl and Company'
THE
HE gate opened and admitted Samuel Brohl, who had a smile
on his lips. His first words were "And your umbrella!
You have forgotten it? "
――――――――――
Mademoiselle de Moriaz replied, "Do you not see that there
is no sunshine ? » And she remained leaning against the apple-
tree.
He uplifted his hand to show her the blue sky; he let it fall
again. He looked at Antoinette, and he was afraid. He guessed
immediately that she knew all. At once he grew audacious.
"I spent a dull day yesterday," said he. "Madame de Lorcy
invited me to dine with a crazy woman; but the night made up
for it. I saw Engadine in my dreams-the firs, the Alpine
pines, the emerald lakes, and a red hood. "
"I too dreamed last night. I dreamed that the bracelet you
gave me belonged to the crazy woman of whom you speak, and
that she had her name engraved on it. "
She threw him the bracelet; he picked it up, examined it,
turned and re-turned it in his trembling fingers. She grew impa-
tient. "Look at the place that has been forced open.
Don't you
know how to read? "
He read, and became stupefied. Who would have believed
that this trinket that he had found among his father's old traps
had come to him from Princess Gulof; that it was the price she
had paid for Samuel Brohl's ignominy and shame? Samuel was
a fatalist; he felt that his star had set, that Fate had conspired
to ruin his hopes, that he was found guilty and condemned. His
heart grew heavy within him.
"Can you tell me what I ought to think of a certain Samuel
Brohl? " she asked.
That name, pronounced by her, fell on him like a mass of
lead; he never would have believed that there could be so much
weight in a human word. He trembled under the blow; then he
struck his brow with his clinched hand and replied:
"Samuel Brohl is a man as worthy of your pity as he is of
mine. If you knew all that he has suffered, all that he has
dared, you could not help deeply pitying and admiring him.
Listen to me: Samuel Brohl is an unfortunate man—»
-
VI-227
## p. 3618 (#600) ###########################################
3618
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
"Or a wretch! " she interrupted in a terrible voice.
She was
seized by a fit of nervous laughter; she cried out, "Madame
Brohl! I will not be called Madame Brohl. Ah! that poor
Countess Larinski! "
He had a spasm of rage that would have terrified her had
she conjectured what agitated him. He raised his head, crossed
his arms on his breast, and said with a bitter smile, "It was not
the man that you loved, it was the count. "
She replied, "The man whom I loved never lied. "
"Yes, I lied," he cried, gasping for breath. "I drank that
cup of shame without remorse or disgust. I lied because I loved
you madly. I lied because you were dearer to me than my
honor. I lied because I despaired of touching your heart, and
any road seemed good that led to you. Why did I meet you?
why could I not see you without recognizing in you the dream
of my whole life? Happiness had passed me by, it was about
to take flight; I caught it in a trap-I lied. Who would not
lie, to be loved by you? "
Samuel Brohl had never looked so handsome. Despair and
passion kindled a sombre flame in his eyes; he had the sinister
charm of a fiery Satan. He fixed on Antoinette a fascinating
glance which said, "What matter my name, my lies, and the
rest? My face is not a mask, and I am the man who pleased
you. " He had not the least suspicion of the astonishing facility
with which Antoinette had taken back the heart that she had
given away so easily; he did not suspect what miracles can be
wrought by contempt. In the Middle Ages people believed in
golems, figures in clay of an entrancing beauty, which had all
the appearance of life. Under a lock of hair was written, in
Hebrew characters, on their brow, the word "Truth. " If they
chanced to lie, the word was obliterated; they lost all their
charm; the clay was no longer anything but clay.
Mademoiselle Moriaz divined Samuel Brohl's thought; she
exclaimed, "The man I loved was he whose history you related
to me. "
He would have liked to kill her, so that she should never
belong to another. Behind Antoinette, not twenty steps distant,
he descried the curb of a well, and grew dizzy at the sight. He
discovered with despair that he was not made of the stuff for
crime. He dropped down on his knees in the grass and cried,
"If you will not pardon me, nothing remains for me but to
## p. 3619 (#601) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3619
die! " She stood motionless and impassive. She repeated be-
tween her teeth Camille Langis's phrase: "I am waiting until
this great comedian has finished playing his piece. "
He rose and started to run toward the well. She was in
front of him and barred the passage, but at the same moment
she felt two hands clasp her waist, and the breath of two lips.
which sought her lips and which murmured, "You love me still,
since you do not want me to die. "
She struggled with violence and horror; she succeeded by a
frantic effort in disengaging herself from his grasp. She fled
toward the house. Samuel Brohl rushed after her in mad pur-
suit; he was just reaching her, when he suddenly stopped. He
had caught sight of M. Langis, hurrying from out a thicket,
where he had been hidden. Growing uneasy, he had approached
the orchard through a path concealed by the heavy foliage. An-
toinette, out of breath, ran to him, gasping, "Camille, save me
from this man! " and she threw herself into his arms, which
closed about her with delight. He felt her sink; she would have
fallen had he not supported her.
At the same instant a menacing voice saluted him with the
words, "Monsieur, we will meet again! "
To-day, if you will," he replied.
Antoinette's wild excitement had given place to insensibility;
she neither saw nor heard; her limbs no longer sustained her.
Camille had great difficulty in bringing her to the house; she
could not ascend the steps of the terrace; he was obliged to
carry her. Mademoiselle Moiseney saw him, and filled the air
with her cries. She ran forward, she lavished her best care on
her queen.
All the time she was busy in bringing her to her
senses she was asking Camille for explanations, to which she
did not pay the least attention; she interrupted him at every
word to exclaim:- "This has been designed, and you are at the
bottom of the plot. I have suspected you-you owe Antoinette
a grudge. Your wounded vanity has never recovered from her
refusal, and you are determined to be revenged. Perhaps you
flatter yourself that she will end by loving you. She does not
love you, and she never will love you. Who are you, to dare
compare yourself with Count Larinski?
Be silent!
Do I believe in Samuel Brohl? I do not know Samuel
Brohl. I venture my head that there is no such person as
Samuel Brohl. "
## p. 3620 (#602) ###########################################
3620
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
"Not much of a venture, mademoiselle," replied M. Moriaz,
who had arrived in the mean time.
Antoinette remained during an hour in a state of mute lan-
guor; then a violent fever took possession of her. When the
physician who had been sent for arrived, M. Langis accompa-
nied him into the chamber of the sick girl. She was delirious:
seated upright, she kept continually passing her hand over her
brow; she sought to efface the taint of a kiss she had received
one moonlight night, and the impression in her hair of the flap-
ping of a bat's wings that had caught in her hood. These two
things were confounded in her memory. From time to time
she said, "Where is my portrait? Give me my portrait. "
It was about ten o'clock when M. Langis called on Samuel
Brohl, who was not astonished to see him appear; he had hoped
he would come. Samuel had regained self-possession. He was
calm and dignified. However, the tempest through which he
had gone had left on his features some vestige of its passage.
His lips quivered, and his beautiful chestnut locks curled like
serpents about his temples and gave his head a Medusa-like
appearance.
He said to Camille, "Where and when? Our seconds will
undertake the arrangement of the rest. "
"You mistake, monsieur, the motive of my visit,” replied M.
Langis. "I am grieved to destroy your illusions, but I did not
come to arrange a meeting with you. "
« Do you
refuse to give me satisfaction? "
"What satisfaction do I owe you? "
"You insulted me. "
"When? "
"And you said, "The day, the place, the weapons. I leave
all to your choice. »»
M. Langis could not refrain from smiling. "Ah! you at last
acknowledge that your fainting fit was comedy? " he rejoined.
"Acknowledge on your part," replied Samuel, "that you
insult persons when you believe that they are not in a state to
hear you.
Your courage likes to take the safe side. "
"Be reasonable," replied Camille. "I placed myself at Count
Larinski's disposal: you cannot require me to fight with a Samuel
Brohl! "
Samuel sprang to his feet; with fierce bearing and head erect
he advanced to the young man, who awaited him unflinchingly,
## p. 3621 (#603) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3621
and whose resolute manner awed him. He cast upon him a
sinister look, turned and reseated himself, bit his lips until the
blood came; then said in a placid voice: —
"Will you do me the favor of telling me, monsieur, to what
I owe the honor of this visit ? »
"I came to demand of you a portrait that Mademoiselle
Moriaz is desirous of having returned. "
"If I refuse to give it up, you will doubtless appeal to my
delicacy? "
"Do you doubt it? " ironically replied Camille.
"That proves, monsieur, that you still believe in Count
Larinski; that it is to him you speak at this moment. "
"You deceive yourself. I came to see Samuel Brohl, who is
a business man, and it is a commercial transaction that I intend
to hold with him. " And drawing from his pocket a porte-
monnaie, he added, "You see I do not come empty-handed. "
Samuel settled himself in his arm-chair. Half closing his eyes,
he watched M. Langis through his eye-lashes.
A change passed
over his features: his nose became more crooked, and his chin
more pointed; he no longer resembled a lion, he was a fox.
His lips wore the sugared smile of a usurer, one who lays snares
for the sons of wealthy families, and who scents out every favor-
able case. If at this moment Jeremiah Brohl had seen him from
the other world, he would have recognized his own flesh and
blood.
-
He said at last to Camille, "You are a man of understanding,
monsieur; I am ready to listen to you. "
"I am very glad of it, and to speak frankly, I had no doubts
about it. I knew you to be very intelligent, very much disposed
to make the best of an unpleasant conjuncture. "
"Ah! spare my modesty. I thank you for your excellent opin-
ion of me; I should warn you that I am accused of being greedy
after gain. You will leave some of the feathers from your wings
between my fingers. "
For a reply M. Langis significantly patted the portemonnaie
which he held in his hand, and which was literally stuffed with
bank-notes. Immediately Samuel took from a locked drawer a
casket, and proceeded to open it.
"This is a very precious gem," he said. "The medallion is
gold, and the work on the miniature is exquisite. It is a master-
piece the color equals the design. The mouth is marvelously
## p. 3622 (#604) ###########################################
3622
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
rendered. Mengs or Liotard could not have done better. At
what do you value this work of art? "
"You are more of a connoisseur than I. I will leave it to
your own valuation. "
"I will let you have the trinket for five thousand francs; it is
almost nothing. "
Camille began to draw out the five thousand francs from his
portemonnaie. "How prompt you are! " remarked Samuel. «The
portrait has not only a value as a work of art; I am sure you
attach a sentimental value to it, for I suspect you of being over
head and ears in love with the original. "
"I find you too greedy," replied Camille, casting on him a
crushing glance.
"Do not be angry. I am accustomed to exercise methodical
precision in business affairs. My father always sold at a fixed
price, and I too never lower my charges. You will readily
understand that what is worth five thousand francs to a friend is
worth double to a lover. The gem is worth ten thousand francs.
You can take it or leave it. "
"I will take it," replied M. Langis.
"Since we agree," continued Samuel, "I possess still other
articles which might suit you. "
"Why, do you think of selling me your clothing? "
"Let us come to an understanding. I have other articles of
the same lot. "
And he brought from a closet the red hood, which he spread
out on the table.
"Here is an article of clothing-to use your own words-
that may be of interest to you. Its color is beautiful; if you
saw it in the sunshine, it would dazzle you. I grant that the
stuff is common-it is very ordinary cashmere- but if you
deign to examine it closely, you will be struck by the peculiar
perfume that it exhales. The Italians call it 'l'odor femminino. › »
(
"And what is your rate of charge for the odor femminino› ? »
"I will be moderate. I will let you have this article and its
perfume for five thousand francs. It is actually giving it away. "
"Assuredly. We will say ten and five-that makes fifteen
thousand. "
"One moment. You can pay for all together. I have other
things to offer you. -One would say that the floor burned your
feet, and that you could not endure being in this room. ”
## p. 3623 (#605) ###########################################
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
3623
"I allow that I long to leave this-what shall I say? — this
shop, lair, or den. "
"You are young, monsieur: it never does to hurry; haste
causes us acts of forgetfulness which we afterward regret. You
would be very sorry not to take away with you these two scraps
of paper. "
At these words he drew from his note-book two letters, which
he unfolded.
"Is there much more? " demanded Camille. "I fear that
I shall become short of funds, and be obliged to go back for
more. "
"Ah, these two letters! I will not part with them for a trifle;
the second especially. It is only twelve lines in length; but
what pretty English handwriting! Only see! and the style is
loving and tender. I will add that it is signed. Ah, monsieur,
Mademoiselle Moriaz will be charmed to see these scrawls again.
Under what obligations will she be to you! You will make the
most of it; you will tell her that you wrested them from me,
your dagger at my throat-that you terrified me. With what a
gracious smile she will reward your heroism! According to my
opinion that smile is as well worth ten thousand francs as the
medallion- the two gems are of equal value. "
"If you want more, it makes no difference. »
"No, monsieur; I have told you I have only one price. "
"At this rate, it is twenty-five thousand francs that I owe you.
You have nothing more to sell me? "
"Alas! that is all. "
"Will you swear it? "
"What, monsieur! you admit then that Samuel Brohl has
a word of honor- that when he has sworn he can be believed? "
"You are right; I am still very young.
>>>
"That is all, then, I swear to you," affirmed Samuel, sigh-
ing. "My shop is poorly stocked; I had commenced laying in a
supply, but an unfortunate accident deranged my little business. "
"Bah! be consoled," replied M. Langis; "you will find
another opportunity: a genius of such lofty flights as yours is
never at a loss. You have been unfortunate; some day Fortune
will compensate you for the wrongs she has done you, and the
world will accord justice to your fine talents. "
Speaking thus, he laid on the table twenty-five notes of a
thousand francs each. He counted them; Samuel counted them
## p. 3624 (#606) ###########################################
3624
VICTOR CHERBULIEZ
after him, and at once delivered to him the medallion, the hood,
and the two letters.
Camille rose to leave. "Monsieur Brohl," he said, "from the
first day I saw you, I formed the highest opinion of your char-
acter. The reality surpasses my expectations. I am charmed
to have made your acquaintance, and I venture to hope that
you are not sorry to have made mine. However, I shall not
say au revoir. »
"Who knows? " replied Samuel, suddenly changing his counte-
nance and attitude. And he added, "If you are fond of being
astonished, monsieur, will you remain still another instant in this
den ? »
He rolled and twisted the twenty-five one-thousand-franc notes
into lamp-lighters; then with a grand gesture, à la Poniatowski,
he approached the candle, held them in the flame until they
blazed, and then threw them on the hearth, where they were
soon consumed.
Turning toward M. Langis, he cried, "Will you now do me
the honor of fighting with me? »
"After such a noble act as that, I can refuse you nothing,"
returned Camille. "I will do you that signal honor. "
"Just what I desire," replied Samuel. "I am the offended;
I have the choice of arms. " And in showing M. Langis out, he
said, "I will not conceal from you that I have frequented the
shooting galleries, and that I am a first-class pistol-shot. "
Camille bowed and went out.
The next day, in a lucid interval, Mademoiselle Moriaz saw
at the foot of her bed a medallion laid on a red hood. From
that moment the physician announced an improvement in her
symptoms.
Copyrighted by D. Appleton and Company, 1877.
## p. 3624 (#607) ###########################################
## p. 3624 (#608) ###########################################
CHESTERFIELD.
## p. 3624 (#609) ###########################################
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## p. 3624 (#610) ###########################################
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at
## p. 3624 (#611) ###########################################
3625
LORD CHESTERFIELD
(1694-1773)
s THE best representative of a creditable type among English
noblemen in the reign of George II. ,- an accomplished
courtier, a diplomatic statesman worthy of reliance on occa-
sions of emergency, a scholar, and a patron of literature,- Philip
Dormer Stanhope, fourth earl of Chesterfield, occupied a prominent
place in the history of his country for more than forty years. He
was the eldest son of Philip, third earl, and was born at London in
1694. Most of his boyhood was spent under the care of his grand-
mother, the Marchioness of Halifax. When eighteen, he was entered
at Trinity College, Cambridge, and became "an excellent classical
scholar. " The principal events in his public career were his election
to Parliament in his twenty-first year; his appointment as Captain of
the Yeomen of the Guard in return for a political vote; his selection
for special service as Ambassador to The Hague after his succession
to the family title; his appointment as Lord High Steward, with the
Garter, as a reward for his success in Holland; his expulsion from
that position by Horace Walpole for political disobedience in oppos-
ing an excise bill; his second successful mission to The Hague; his
selection, as a reward, for the responsible post of Viceroy in Ireland,
and subsequently his resignation and acceptance of office as Secre-
tary of State, this latter appointment being taken when the Earl
had reached his fiftieth year. Chesterfield was first a warm friend,
then a bitter enemy of Horace Walpole. He also antagonized George
II. , but that monarch finally succumbed to diplomatic treatment at
his hands and offered his former antagonist a dukedom, which was
courteously declined. In his fifty-eighth year, partial deafness caused
him to withdraw almost wholly from public affairs. In diplomacy,
his successful missions to The Hague made him strong with officials
in power.
His ability as a statesman was shown to great advantage
in a firm yet popular administration of Irish affairs during a critical
period in Irish history. As a patron of literature, Dr. Samuel Johnson
deemed him a distinct failure, and expressed this opinion forcibly to
that effect in his celebrated letter. His literary reputation rests
chiefly on letters addressed to his natural son Philip, who died in
his thirty-sixth year, greatly to his father's disappointment, he hav-
ing looked forward to a great career for the young man. His letters
of counsel and advice were to that end; oddly, they left the recipient
## p. 3624 (#612) ###########################################
CHESTERFIELD
## p. 3625 (#613) ###########################################
3625
LORD CHESTERFIELD
(1694-1773)
s THE best representative of a creditable type among English
noblemen in the reign of George II. ,- an accomplished
courtier, a diplomatic statesman worthy of reliance on occa-
sions of emergency, a scholar, and a patron of literature,— Philip
Dormer Stanhope, fourth earl of Chesterfield, occupied a prominent
place in the history of his country for more than forty years. He
was the eldest son of Philip, third earl, and was born at London in
1694. Most of his boyhood was spent under the care of his grand-
mother, the Marchioness of Halifax. When eighteen, he was entered
at Trinity College, Cambridge, and became "an excellent classical
scholar. " The principal events in his public career were his election
to Parliament in his twenty-first year; his appointment as Captain of
the Yeomen of the Guard in return for a political vote; his selection
for special service as Ambassador to The Hague after his succession
to the family title; his appointment as Lord High Steward, with the
Garter, as a reward for his success in Holland; his expulsion from
that position by Horace Walpole for political disobedience in oppos-
ing an excise bill; his second successful mission to The Hague; his
selection, as a reward, for the responsible post of Viceroy in Ireland,
and subsequently his resignation and acceptance of office as Secre-
tary of State, this latter appointment being taken when the Earl
had reached his fiftieth year. Chesterfield was first a warm friend,
then a bitter enemy of Horace Walpole. He also antagonized George
II. , but that monarch finally succumbed to diplomatic treatment at
his hands and offered his former antagonist a dukedom, which was
courteously declined. In his fifty-eighth year, partial deafness caused
him to withdraw almost wholly from public affairs. In diplomacy,
his successful missions to The Hague made him strong with officials
in power. His ability as a statesman was shown to great advantage
in a firm yet popular administration of Irish affairs during a critical
period in Irish history. As a patron of literature, Dr. Samuel Johnson
deemed him a distinct failure, and expressed this opinion forcibly to
that effect in his celebrated letter. His literary reputation rests
chiefly on letters addressed to his natural son Philip, who died in
his thirty-sixth year, greatly to his father's disappointment, he hav-
ing looked forward to a great career for the young man. His letters
of counsel and advice were to that end; oddly, they left the recipient
## p. 3626 (#614) ###########################################
3626
LORD CHESTERFIELD
still shy, awkward, tactless, and immature. These epistles, not in-
tended for public perusal, were subsequently printed in book form.
The Earl of Chesterfield died in 1773. Four years after his death,
'Miscellaneous Works' were published in two volumes, also 'Char-
acters. ' 'The Art of Pleasing' and 'Letters to His Heir' appeared
ten years from the date of his decease, and this was followed, a
few months later, by Memoirs of Asiaticus. '
FROM LETTERS TO HIS SON›
CONCERNING MANNERS
TH
HERE is a bienséance with regard to people of the lowest
degree; a gentleman observes it with his footman, even
with the beggar in the street. He considers them as ob-
jects of compassion, not of insult; he speaks to neither d'un ton
brusque, but corrects the one coolly, and refuses the other with
humanity. There is no one occasion in the world, in which le
ton brusque is becoming a gentleman. In short, les bienséances
are another word for manners, and extend to every part of life.
They are propriety; the Graces should attend in order to com-
plete them: the Graces enable us to do genteelly and pleasingly
what les bienséances require to be done at all. The latter are an
obligation upon every man; the former are an infinite advan-
tage and ornament to any man.
THE CONTROL OF ONE'S COUNTENANCE
PEOPLE unused to the world have babbling countenances, and
are unskillful enough to show what they have sense enough not
to tell.
In the course of the world, a man must very often put
on an easy, frank countenance, upon very disagreeable occasions;
he must seem pleased, when he is very much otherwise; he must
be able to accost and receive with smiles those whom he would
much rather meet with swords. In Courts he must not turn
himself inside out. All this may, nay, must be done, without
falsehood and treachery: for it must go no further than politeness
and manners, and must stop short of assurances and professions
of simulated friendship. Good manners to those one does not
love are no more a breach of truth than "your humble servant,"
at the bottom of a challenge, is; they are universally agreed upon
and understood to be things of course. They are necessary
## p. 3627 (#615) ###########################################
LORD CHESTERFIELD
3627
guards of the decency and peace of society: they must only act
defensively; and then not with arms poisoned with perfidy.
Truth, but not the whole truth, must be the invariable principle
of every man who hath either religion, honor, or prudence.
DRESS AS AN INDEX TO CHARACTER
I CANNOT help forming some opinion of a man's sense
and character from his dress; and I believe most people do
well as myself. Any affectation whatsoever in dress implies
in my mind a flaw in the understanding
A man of
sense carefully avoids any particular character in his dress; he is
accurately clean for his own sake; but all the rest is for other
people's. He dresses as well, and in the same manner, as the
people of sense and fashion of the place where he is. If he
dresses better, as he thinks,- that is, more than they, he is a
fop; if he dresses worse, he is unpardonably negligent: but of
the two, I would rather have a young fellow too much than too
little dressed: the excess on that side will wear off with a little
age and reflection; but if he is negligent at twenty, he will be a
sloven at forty and stink at fifty years old. Dress yourself fine
where others are fine, and plain where others are plain; but take
care always that your clothes are well made and fit you, for
otherwise they will give you a very awkward air. When you
are once well dressed for the day, think no more of it after-
wards; and without any stiffness or fear of discomposing that
dress, let all your motions be as easy and natural as if you had
no clothes on at all.
SOME REMARKS ON GOOD BREEDING
A FRIEND of yours and mine has justly defined good breed-
ing to be "the result of much good sense, some good nature, and
a little self-denial for the sake of others, and with a view to
obtain the same indulgence from them. " Taking this for granted
(as I think it cannot be disputed), it is astonishing to me that
anybody who had good sense and good nature (and I believe
you have both) can essentially fail in good breeding. As to the
modes of it, indeed, they vary according to persons, places, and
circumstances, and are only to be acquired by observation and
## p. 3628 (#616) ###########################################
3628
LORD CHESTERFIELD
experience; but the substance of it is everywhere and eternally
the same. Good manners are to particular societies what good
morals are to society in general-their cement and their security.
And as laws are enacted to enforce good morals, or at least
to prevent the ill effects of bad ones, so there are certain rules
of civility, universally implied and received, to enforce good
manners and punish bad ones.
