No More Learning

—Som of that felloushyp, whyche were of more craftye experyence than the other, wold in no case haue that matter so rashlye handeled, but thought thys waye moche
better. Consydering the seid lord Cobham was
a man of great byrth, and in fauer at that tyme
with the king, theyr counsell was to knowe first
the kinges mynde, to saue thynges right vp. done. Than called the archebishop one John
This counsell was well accepted, and ther vpon Butler unto him, whych was than the dorekeper the archbishop Thomas Arundeil, wythe his the kynges prive chamber, and with him
other shoppes, and great part the cler couenaunted through promises and rewards
gy, went strayght wayes vinto the kyng, than haue this matter craftely brought passe vinder remayninge Kenyngton; and there layed the king's name. Wherevpon the seyd John forth most greuous complaynies against thesāied Butler toke the archebyshops sommener with lord Cobham, great infamy and blemysh, hym, and went vinto the sayd lord Cobham being man most godly. The king gentilly shewing him that was the king's pleasure harde those bloud thurstyrauenours; and farre that shuld obeye that citacyon, and cyted
otherwise than became his princelye dignitie, him fraudulently. Than said vnto them instauntly desyred them, that respect few woordes, that no case wold he consent
noble stock and knighthode, they shuld yet those moost deuelish practices the priestes. fauourably deale with him; and that they As they had informed the abp. the Answere, wold, were possible, without rigour and that was mete for man priuately extreme handeling, reduce him again the cyte him after that without parell lyfe, churches unite. IIe promised them also, that decreed and haue him cyted pub
case they were not contented take some licke processe open commaundment. And
wolde talke vtterly.
And him for
Archebishop resorted again vnto Answere, gone him his full aucto
the
longer with him, but lefte hym -
they call the lawes holy church. Than the seid abp. the councell hys other bishoppes and clergy, appointed call before him syrJohn Oldcasteli, the lord Cobham, and cause him personally appeare answere suche sus pect Articles they shuld lay against him. So sent forth his chefe sommener, with very sharp citacion, vnto the castell Cow ling, where that tyme dwelt for his so
shall that touching the
owe them moch
the great
the hast possible. uppot, the Wednysday before the natiuite oure Ladye September,
Anon after the kyng sent for the styd lord
Cobham and was come, called him
sccretly, admonishing him betwixt him and chester, (which was but English myles from him, submit him selfe hys mother the theirs) charging him apere personally before holy church, and obedient chyld ac him Ledys, the 11th daye the same knowledge bin scise culpable. Vnto whom the moneth and yeare, excuses the contrary Christen knight made this answere, ‘You most set apart. Those letters were taken downe
deliberacion, his selfe wold serously common the matter with him.
worthy prince,' saith he, “am always prompt anon after, such bare fauer vnto the lorde and ling obeye, for moche knowe Cobham, and conueyed asyde. After that
jo
grand-daughter and heir lord Cobhan. Than moche did not apeare
you Christen kinge, and the appointed minis caused the archebishoppe newe letters set
the natiuitie day our Ladye, which (a) called right his wife, who was also were rent downe and vtterly consumed.
lace. And the scyd sommener was thether comen, durste case entre the gates
noble man without his lycens; and there fore returned home agayne, hys message pot
commaunded letters citatory set vpon the great gates the Cathedral Church Ro
for so
by it
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220) STATE TRIALS, I HENry V. 1413. −Sir John Oldcastle, for Heresy. [230
the day appoynted at Ledys (where as he sate God Almyghtyes. beleue also that the
in consistory, as cruell as euer was Cayphas, with his court of hipocrites aboute him) he
seconde parsonne this most blessed Tri nite, most conuenient tyme appointed there unto afore, toke flesh and bloud the most
judged hym, denounced him, and condemned
him of most depe contumacy: after that whan blessed Virgyn Mary, for the sauegard and re
he had bene falsely infourmed by his hierd spyes, and other glosing glauerers, that the sayd
dempcion the uniuersall kynd man, which was afore lost Adam's offence. Moreouer, beleue that the same Jesus Christ our Lord
lord Cobham had lawghed him to scorne, dis
dayned his doings, mainteined his old opi thus being both God and man, the onely nions, contemned the churches power, the dig head the whole Christen Churche, and that nitie bishop, and the ordre presthode all those that hath bene, shal saued, be
hys mody membres this most holy church and this madnes, without just profe, dyd openly ex holy church think diuided into sortes
(for all these was than accused)
communicate him. Yet was he not for all this,
companyes. —Wherof the first sort now heauen, and they are the sayinctes from hens departed. These, they were here conuer saunt, conformed alwayes theyre lyues the with these cruell threatinges added therunto: most holye lawes and pure examples Chryste,
That did not obey that day, wold renouncyng Sathan, the worlde, and the flesh, more extremely handle him: and make him wythe their concupicences and euels. The
selfe more strong towardes the perfourmance second sort are purgatory (ys any such thereof, compelled the lay-power, most ter the scriptures) abydying the mercy God,
ferce tiranny qualifyed, but commaunded him cited fresh, apere afore him the Saturday
before the feast Saint Mathew the apostle,
rible menacinges curses and interdictions, a-syst him against that cedicious apostate schismatike, that heretike, that troubler the
and full delyuerance Payne. The thyrde sorte are here uppon the earth, and called the Church Mylytaunt. For daye and nyght they contend agaynst the crafty assaultes
publycke peace, that enemye the realme,
and greate adversarye holy chirche; for the deuel, the slattering prosperities thys
these hateful names dyd gue him.
This most constaunt seruant of the lord and
worlde, and the rebellyouse fylthynes the fleshe. . . —Thys latter congregation the juste ordinaunce of God also seuered into three diuerse estates, that say into priesthode, knighthode, and the comens. Amonge whom the wyll God that the one shuld ayde the other, but not destroye the other. The priestes
worthy knight Johan Oldcastell, the lord Cobham, beholding the vnpacable fury Anti christ this kindeled against him, perceiuing him self also compased every side with deadly daungers, toke paper and penne hand, and wrote Christen confession Rekening
worldlynesse shuld the examples Euermore shūlde Wherein he also answereth the chefest they occupied preaching and teaching
fyrst secluded from
his Faith (which fooweth here after) and conforme theyr lyues vtterly
both signed and sealed with his own hande Chryst and his Apostles.
Articles that the Archebishop layed against the Scriptures purely, and geuing whol him. That doone, toke the copye with him, som counsels good liuing the other and wente therwith the kyng, trustinge two degrees men. More modest also, fynd mercy and fauer
other was that Confession mon beleue somme called the Apostles Crede, than vsed: As thus.
his, than the com the churches faith, christen men
shuld they than any other sortes people. —In knighthode are they whych beare
sword lawe office. These shuld defende Gods lawes, and see that the gospell were purely taught, conforming their lyues the
same, and secludynge, false preachers yea these ought rather hasard their lyues than suffer such wycked decrees eyther blemisheth the eternal Testament God, yet letteth the fre passage thereof, whereby heresies and schismes might spring the church. For of none other ryse they suppose, than erro nyous constitucions, craftely fyrst creping
The Christen Beleue the Lord Cobham.
“I
maker heuen and earth; and Jesu Christ his only. Soone our Lord, which was conceyued
the Holy Gost, borne the Virgin Mary, suffred vnder Ponte Pilate, crucified, dead, and
buried, went doun helle, the third daye rose againe from death, ascended Heuen,
beleue God the Father Almighty,
his hande. None more louing, gentyll, and lowleye spirite
sitteth on the right hand God the Father under hypocrites lyes for auauntage. They Almightye, and from thens shall come agayne ought also preserue Gods peple from oppres
judge the quicke and the dead. beleue sors, tirauntes, and theues, and the clergy the Holy Gost, the vniversall holy churche, the supported long they teache purely, pray communion sainctes, the forgeuenes sinnes, rightly, and minister the Sacraments frely. And the vprising
Amen. —And
this my Faith
fastly beleue that there but one God Almighty, cording Gods prescript ordinaunce. —The
and whose godhead are these parsonnés, latter fellouship this church are the common the Father, the Sonne, and the Holy Gost, people, whose dewtye beare their good
and that those parsonnes are the same selfe mindes and true obedience the aforescyd
the flesh, and everlasting life. they them for more large Declaracion lav. office the Catholick Church, sted doinges, and
otherwise, they are bound compell them chaunge their thinges performed ac
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oTRIALS,
231] STATE I HENRY V. 1413. −Trial and Eramination of [232
ministers of God, their kinges, cyuile gouern
ours and priestes. The right office of these is justly to occupy euery man in faculte,
or the tilthe of the grounde. And one of them be an helper another, followynge waves theyr sortes the just commaundeinentes theyr Lord God. —Ouer and besydes thys, moost faith
fully beleue that the sacramentes Chrystes
church are necessary Chrysteu beleuers,
thys always sene to, that they truly minis
tred according Christes fyrst institucion judge. And hauyng hys Appeale there
and ordinaunce. And for so moch am hande redye written, shewed wyth malyciously and most falsely accused mis reuerence the kyng. Wherwith the kyng beleue the sacrament the aulter, the was than moche more displeased than afore,
hurtfull slaundre many; signifye here unto and sayd angerlye unto him, that shuld not men, that this my fayth concerning that. pursue his Appeal: but rather shuld tarry
beleue that sacrament contayned
very Christes body and bloude under the simi
lytudes breade and wyne, yea, the same body
that was conceyued the Holy Gost, born
Mary the Virgin, done the crosse, dyed, that
was buried, arose the thyrd day from the death, moch o wold not sworn things
and now glorified Heauen. also beleue
the vniuersal lawe of God be moost true and what penaunce the archbishoppe would en
perfight, and they which not followe theyr fayth and workes one time other, can neuer be saued. Where as he that seketh
faith, accepteth
therein, and perfourmeth
for the felicity euerlasting innocency. — Than caused the aforesayd Confession
Finally, this
axe more but only
my faith also, that God wyll
bis Faith coppyed againe, and the An swere also (which had made the iiij. Ar ticles proponed agaynst him) wryten
maner Indenture two shetes paper; that whan shuld come his Answere, might geue the one copy vnto the archebishop,
Christen beleuer obey the preceptes
this lyse, that most the churche
any prelates
elsse anye other kynd obe
blessed law.
require more,
dience, than thys
Christ, exalting himself aboue God, and
becometh open Anti-Christe. All these
premisses belieue particularlye, and generally xxiii. day Septembre, the Saturday before
that God hath lest his holy scryptures
the feast saint Mathewe, Thomas Arundell the archebyshop, sytting Cayphas Roume, the Chapterhouse Paules, wyth Richard Clyfforde bisshop London, and Henry Bol ingbroke bisshop Winchester, Robert
instauntly desiring you, my lyege Lord and most worthy king, that thys
that shuld beleue
vsed, contemneth
and reserue the other himselfe. As the day Examination was comen, whyche was the
confession mine may justly examined
the most godly, wise, and learned men your
realme. And found pointes Morley knight and lefetenaunt the Towr, agreying the verite, than allowed, brought personally before him the seid Lord
and thervppon holden for none other than
Cobham, and there left hym for the time, vnto whom the archebishop sayd these wordes:
The fyrst Eramination the Lord Cobham, September 23. -
“Sir John, the last general Conuocation the clergye thys our prouynce, were
detected certain Heresyes, and sufficient witnesses founde culpable; whervppon were fourme spirituall lawe cyted, and wolde case appeare conclusion, vppon your rebellyous contumacie, were both priuatelye
and openlye excommunicated. Notwythstand
ing we neuer yet shewed oure selfe unreadye haue geugn you youre absolucion (nor yet
proued otherwise, viterly condemned prouided
taught better releue the word God, and shall most reuerently
times obey therunto. ”
Thys brefe confessyon hys fayth, the lorde
Cobham wrote, and toke wyth hym the court, offeryng wyth mekenesse vnto the
true christiane.
than
alwaies, that
kyng rede ouer. The kyng case receiue but commaunded lyuered unto them that shuld
wold
de his Judges.
desyred the kinges presens, that hondred knights and esquiers inight suffered
come vpon hys purgacyon, which knewe wolde clere him Heresyes. More ouer offred hymself after the law armes,
fyght for lyse death with any man lyuing, Christen IIeythen, the quarrell his faith, the king and the lordes his counsell ex
not axed it. ”
thys houre) wolde haue mekely Unto this the lord Cobham shewed
had giuen none eare, hauing his
cepted. Fynally, with gentilenesse pro
tested before that were present, that wold refuse no manner of correction that shuld
after the lawes God be ministred vnto him but that he wold all times with all mekenes obey Notwithstandyng thys, the kyng suffered him summoned personally his own preuy chambre. Than sayed the lord
Cobham the kyng, that
from the archbyshop the pope
had appealed Rome, and
therefore ought, sayd, case be his
hold, tyll such time were the allowed. And than, wold nyld he, archebishop shuld his judge. Thus was
there nothing allowed that the good lorde Cob ham had lawfully afore required. But for
submit himselfe the church, and take
againe kinges joyne was arested the
commaundment, and led forth the Tower London, kepe his day (so was than
spoken) that the archbyshop had appoynted
learneth delyghteth
loue, shall tast him afore the kinges chambre.
though
mynde otherwise occupied, and desyred none absolucion; But sayd, wold gladly
he so
of
toat
it to
of he yt of to
to to
al
all it
I I noitin is
I al
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of
of
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to
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he it be if a
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so it be
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233] STATE TRIALS, I HENRY W. 1415. -Sir John Oldcastle, for Heresy. [234
before him and his brethren make rehersall of
that Fayth, which he helde and entended
always to stande to, yf it wolde please them to
lycens him therunto ; and than he toke out of
hys bosome a certein writing endented, con
cerning the Articles whereof he was accused, bury, Walsingham, Compostell, and Rome,
and so openly redde it before them, geuing it vnto the archebyshop, as he had made thereof an ende ; whereof thys is the copy:
any other places. ”
Thys Answere his Articles thus ended and redde, delyuered the bysshopes,
aside. formacion,
“IJohan Oldecastell knight and lord Cob ham, wyll Chrystem men vnderstand, That Thomas Arundell, archbyshop Canter bury hath not onely laid my charge mali
sayde afore. Than counceled the archbisshop wythe the other two byshoppes, and with dy uerse the doctours,what was done thys matter, commaunding him for the time stand
tyously, but also very vintruly hys letter and seale, written against me most slan
derouse wyse, that shuld otherwyse fele and teach the Sacramentes the Church (as signing specyally the Sacrament the Aulter, the Sacrament Penaunce, the worshipping
Ymages, and the going Pilgrimage vnto
them) far other wise than either beleueth
teacheth the vniuersall holye churche. take
Almyghte God vnto wytnesse, that hath
bene and nowe and euermore wyth the affirme, beleue, that the Sacrament helpe God shall my full intent and the Alter, after the Consecracion rightly done wyll, beleue faythfully and wholy the sa pryest, remaineth materall breade not? cramentes that ever God ordeined, mi Moreouer, whether hold, affirme, and nystred the holy church; and morouer, for beleue, that concerning the sacrament
declare me these iiij. points afore rehers penance(wher competent nombre priests
ed. —I beleue that the moost worshypfull sacrament the alter, Christs very body forme bread, the same body that was borne
the blessed Virgin Mary, done the crosse, dead and buried, and that the thyrd day arose
are) everye Chrystem manne necessarely bound to confessed hys synnes priest ordayned the church not
After certein other communication thys was the Answere the good lord Cobham, “That from death lyfe, the which body nowe glo none otherwise wold declare his minde, nor
knoweth the holy commaundementes God, and performeth them the ende his life his power, shal without fayle saued
Christ, though neuer his lyse pyl grimage men vse now dayes, Caunter
conclusion, theyr assent and in sayd thus vnto him Come hyder. this your Writing are many good
Johan;
thinges cjonteyned, and ryght Catholyck also,
not; but must consyder that
we deny
thys daye was appoynted you answere other poynts concerning those Articles, whereof
yet mencion made this your byll: and therefore must yet declare your mind more plainly; thus, Whether that holde,
for yet answere vnto hys Articles, than was ex presselye hys wrytinge there conteyned. ”
for Than sayd the archbishop againe vnto him, penaunce for ‘Syr Johan bewar what do; for an wyth true contricion God, confession swere not clerely those thinges that are here their fautes, and dewe satisfactyon Chryste, objected against you, specially the time ap
lyke Gods laws limiteth and teacheth, els pointed you only for that purpose, the lawe can they haue saluation; This penaunce holy church that compelled ones judge, desyre all men do. And for Images, we may openly proclayme heretike. ’ vnderstand that they perteyn nothing our Unto whom gaue this Answere, Do Christen beleue, but were permitted long sins shall thinke beste, for am point.
rified wyth the Father heaven. And
the sacrament penaunce, nedefull them that shall sake theyr sinne, and
beleue that saued,
the faith was geuen the churche, for
bring
Christ, sufferance Whatsoeuer the other bysshoppes did kalendars onto lay aske him after that, bad them resort his mind the passion byll, for therby wold stande the verye
men, represent
our Lorde Jesus Christ, with the martirdom death; other Answere wold not geue that
and good liuing the saintes. —I think also, day wherwith the bisshops and prelates were that whatsoeuer which doth that worship maner amased and wonderfully disquyeted. dead ynages, that duely belonging vnto God, At the last the Archbishop counselled again
that putteth his faith, hope, confidence
with his other bishops and doctours, and the
end therof declared vnto him what the holy
church Rome, folowing the sayinges
Austyn, Saint Hierom, Saint Ambrose,
other holy doctours, had determined
matters, no manner mencion ones made Christ; which determinacion (sayth he) ought
the helpe them, eternal lyuing God, one more than
shuld only
that hath affection other, perpetrateth
his
doing the abhominable sine idolatry.
Moreouer this am fully perswaded, that
everye man dwellynge thys arth pil
grim, eyther towardes blesse, els towardes
payne. —And that which knoweth not, nor followe.
wyll not knowe, nor yet kepe the holy com Than said the lord Cobham vnto him, That maundementes God hy's lyuyng here (all wold gladlye bothe beleue and obserue be that goth
quarters the worlde) shall surely dampned.
pylgrymage into all whatsoeucr the holy church Christes insty departeth so, he. tucion had determined, yet whatsoeuer God
Chrysten menne bothe beleue and
Agayne, that had willed him eyther beleue do; but
Saint and
these
toor
of he he ye it
he orof do ye by to a
or to
to at an vs to
ofto
in to heyeato'is to:be
to of of
ye of of of
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to of
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in all to of be he of
all
in
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of
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in to as ye as of
gobe
235] STATE TRIALS, 1 IIENRY V. 1413. -Trial and Eramination of - [236
that the pope of Rome with his cardinals, arch shulde answere; and therefore put his lyfe
byshopes, bishopes, and other prelates of that
church, had laufull power to determyne suche
matters as stode not with his word throughly, that wolde he not (he sayd) at that tyme affy rule. Wyth thys the archby-hoppe bad hym to take good aduysement tyil the Mon
into the handes God, desyring his onely
spyrit assist him his next answere. Whan
the seyo Xxv. day Septembre was come
(which was also the Monday afore Myghel masse) the sayd yeare our Lorde, 1413, Thomas Arundell, the Archbishop Caunter bury, commaunded his judiciall seate re moued from that chapterhouse Pauls, the
daye nexte followinge (which was the xxv. daye
of September) and then justlye to answere
specyallye vnto thys pointe, Whether there re Dominike Fryers wythin Ludgate London;
mayned materyal breade in the Sacrament of and was there set with Rychard the bi
the Aulter, after the wordes of consecration, or not? He promysed him also to sende vnto
shop London, Henry the bishop Winches
diucrse other doctours and friers; whom these are the names here followynge. aster
him in wryting those matters clerely deter
mined, that he myght than be the more per
syght in hys answere making; and this was
not els but blynde the multitude with som Henry Ware, the officyall Caunterbury; Phi
what. The next day following (according
his promes) the archbishop sent unto him into the Towr this folysh and blasphemouse Writt
lip Morgan, doctor Kislin, doctor
both lawes Howell the canon lawe; Johan the canon law Willyan ing, made him and his villearned clergye. Carleton, doctour the canon lawe; Johan Witnam, the New College Oxford; Johan
The Determination the Archbishop and Clergye.
Whiglithead, doctour Oxforde also Ro
Aulter, this, That after the sacramentall the Dominickes: Rychard Dodington, Prior wordes ones spoken priest his masse, the Augustines; Thomas Walden, Prior the the material bread, that was before bread, Carmelites, doctours diuinite; Johan turned into Christes very body; and the ma Steuens also, and James Cole, both notaries, teryall wyne, that was before wyne, turned appointed there purpously write all that into Chrystes very bloud; and there re
bert Wonbewell, vicar Saint Laurence “The Faith and Determination the holy the Jewry; Thomas Palmer, the Warden church touching the blesful Sacrament the the Mynors; Robert Chamberlaine, Prior
wyne, which were there before the sacramentall
wordes were spoken. How belcue this
Article Holy Churche hath determined, that and man acursed afore God.
enery Chrysten man lyuing here bodyly vppon Anon the Archby-hoppe called for Masse-- earth, ought shriuen priest ordeyned boke, and caused those prelates and doc by the church, may come him How toures sweare there vpon, that everye man
fele thys Article 2–Christ ordeyned Saint Peter the apostle his vicar here earth, whose see the holy church Rome; and graunted that the same power which
gaue vinto Peter, shuld successie 1'eters successours, which we call now popes Rome;
shoulde faythfullye doo lys oftyce and dewtye that daye and that neyther fauer nor feare, loue nor hate the one partye nor the other, any thing shuld ther witnessed, spoken, done, but according the trueth, they wold answere before God and all the world at the
whose speciall power churches particular, day dome. Than were the two forseyd no
be ordeyned prelates, archbishops, byshops,
parsons, curates, and other degrees more, unto
whom Christen men ought obeye after the
lawes the churche Rome. Thys the otherwise knewe before they shuld regester determinacion holy church how seleye this and thys dissinnulation was but colour Article Holy Church hath determined, that their mischeues before the ignoraunt multytude.
meritoryous Christen man pil —Consydre herin (geotyl reader) what this
grymage holy places, and there specially worship holy relyques and ymages and saintes, apostles, martirs, confessours, and other saintes besydes, approued the church Rome: howe fele thys Artycle
wicked generacion
And the good lord Cobham had red oner thys moost wretched Wryting, maruelled
forth before them and lefetchaunte
reatly their madde ignoraunce: but that consydered agayne, that God had gouen
The latter Examinacion September
the Lord 25.
Cobham,
them ouer for theyr unbeleues sake, into moost depe errours and blindnesse soule. Agayne,
perseyued therby, that theyr yttermost ma lyce was purposed against him, howsoeucr
Than sayd the Archbyshoppe vnto hym “Lord Cobham, aduysed sure)
ter, and Benet the bishop Bangor, called vnto him his counsell and his officers, with
Kempe, doctour
mayneth the sacrament the aulter, from thens forth, materyall breade, nor materiali
shuld eyther said done: these, with great sort more pryestes, monks, channons,
friers, parish-clarkes, belringers, and pardoners, disdainca him with innumerable mockes and scornes, rekening him horrible heretik,
taries sworne also wryt and witnes the wordes and processe that ther shuld vttered
both parties, and saye their mindes (if they
and how farre wyde from God: for they were than,
him among them, lambe among wolues, his Examinacion and Auswere.
the just feare are they yet
this daye. —After that cam Robert Morley knight, the Tower, and brought with him the good lord Cobham, there leauing
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237]
STATE TRIALS, 1 Hesity v. 1413. -Sir John Oldcastle, for Heresy. [235
the woordes and processe which we had vnto
}. vppon Saturdaye last past in the Chapter
Paules, proces long ouse of which were now to
to be rehearsed agayne: I sayd vnto you than,
that ye were acursed for your contumacy and disobedience to holy Church, thinking that ye
Mathew, Marke, and Luke, and also
the first Epistle Saint Paul the Corinthi ans, chap.
Then asked the Archbyshoppe, “If be lcued that were breade after the consecra
cion sacramentall wordes spoken ouer it. ” shulde with mekenes haue desired your absolu The lord Cobham sayd, beleue that the
cion. ” Than spake the lorde Cobham with a most cherefull contenaunce, and sayd, God sayth by
e wold haue asked it: and yet I do the same, of Christ. ’ The lorde Cobham said than one if ye will humblye desyre it in due forme and Master Johan Whighthead, ‘You said ones
horryble synnes, good Lord I aske the mercy; and therwith wepingly he stode up againe, and sayd with a mighty voice, Lo, good people,
for the breaking God's lawe, and his great commaundements, they never yet cursed me;
but for theyr owne law. cs and tradicions most cruelly they handle both me and other men and therefore both they and theyr law. cs,
the promes God, shall vitely destroied.
his holye prophet, Maledicam benedictionbus
vestris, which is as much as to say, I shall curse,
wher as you blesse. —The Archbisshop made death lyfe, whych nowe glorified hea than as though he had continued for the thys uen. '--Than sayd one the doctors lawe, tale, and not heard him, saying, ‘Sir, at that “After the sacramentall wordes vitered, tyme I gentilly proferd to haue assoyled you if there remaineth breade but the onely body
maner, as holy Church hath ordeined. ' Than
sayd the lord Cobham, Naye, forsoth, wyll I
not, for I neuer yet trespassed against you, and
therefore I will not do it: and with that he
kneled downe on the pauentent, holding vphys
bandes towards heauen, and sayed, I shryue
me here vnto the my etermall lyuynge God, that
in my frayle youth I offended the (Lorde) most
greuously in pryde, wrath, and glottony, in
couetousnes and in lechery. Many men haue
I hurt in mine anger, and done manye other Whether were materiall breade after the
At this the Archbishop and hys companye bread. shall proue
were not lytle blemyshed; notwithstanding Chryst dwelling here vppon the earth, had toke stomack vnto him agayn, after certain him both Godhede and manhead, and had the
wordes had excuse theyr Tyrannye, and
examined the lorde Cobham of his Christen
Beleue. Whereunto the lorde Cobham made
thys godly Answere. beleue fullye and fayth
fullye the vinyuersall lawes God; beleue
that true which conteyned the holy
sacred Scriptures the Byble; finally, be
leue all that my Lorde God wolde shuldo
beleue. "—Than demaunded the Archbishop
Answere the Byll which and the clergy consecration, plaine words expressed had sent him into the Tower the day afore, one your owne doctors [Gelasius contra maner Determynacion the Church con /Eutychen, writing against Eutyches, which cerning the Articles whereof was accused, saith Like the selfe same Sacraments doe specially for the Sacrament the Alter, how passe the operation the Holy Ghost, into he beleued therein — Wherunto the lord diuine nature, and yet notwithstanding keepe
Cobhain said, That with that Byll had no thing do but this was his Beleue concern
the propertie still their former nature so, that principall mystery declareth remaine one true, and perfect Christ, &c. —Than smyled
ing the Sacrament, That his Lord and Sauer
Jesus Christ, sytting hys last Supper with his they yohe one vppon other, that the people
most dere disciples, the night before shuld suffer, toke bread his hand, and geuing thanks his eternal Father, blessed brake and
gaue vnto them, saying, ‘Take vnto ye, ‘and eate therof this my body which “shall betraid for you, this here after my
shulde judge hym taken greate heresye and wyth great bragge diuerse them sayde,
foule IIeresy.
Than asked the Archbishop, ‘What breade
was And the Doctours also inquired hym, whether were materyall not The
remembrance. ’ This thoroughly beleue lord Cobham sayd unto them, the Scriptures for this Faith am taught the Gospell maketh mencion this woorde matery
Sacrament the Aulter Christs very body fourme breade, the same that was born the Virgin Mary, done the crosse, dead,
and buried, and that the third day arose from
unto me the castell Coulynge, that the sacred Host was not Chrystes body; but helde than against you, and proued that herein was his body, though the Seculars and Friers could not therin agree, but helde yohe one against another that opinyon these were uly woordes than remembre it. ”—Than shouted sort them together, and cryed with great noyse, “We say that God's body. ” And dyuerse them asked hym great anger,
consecracyon not? Than loked the lord Cobham earnestly vppon the Archbishop, and sayde, belove surely that Chrystes bod
fourme breade; sir, beleue not you . . . } And the Archbishoppe sayd, ‘Yes may
Than asked him the Doctours, Whether
were onely Christes body after the consecration
priest, and sayd vnto them,
bread not And both Christs body and
inuisible godhead couered under that manhead, which was only visible and seane him
the Sacrament the Aulter Christes very body and very bread also, beleue the breade the thyng that we see with our eyes, the bodye Christ (whiche his flesh and his blood) there vnder hydde, and not seane, but
fayth. And moreouer, prove that
both Christ's bodie and also bread after the
thus for lyke
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230] STATE TRIALS, I HENRY V. 1413. —Trial and Eramination of [240
and therefore my Faith hath nothing to do therwith : but thys I say and beleue that
very antichrists, obstinately set against his holy
law and will. The lawes that haue made
Christes bodye and breade; for Chryst sayde
the syxt Johans Gospell, Ego sum panis vayne glory and abhominable couwetousness.
rivus, qui Carlo descendi; which came downe from heauen am the lyuing, and not the dead bread: therefore say now again, like
said afore, our Lord Jesus Chryst very God and very Man, the most blessed Sacrament the Aulter, Chrystes very body
This they said, was exceading Herisy (and that great fume) not beleue the deter mination holy Church.
Than the Archbishop asked him, what thought Holy Church He said vnto him: My beleue that holy Church the nombre them which shall saued, whom Christ the head. Of this Church one part Hea uen with Christ, other purgatory (you say) and the third here aerth. This later part standeth thre degrees, knighthode, priesthode, and the comunalte, saide afore
and breade. —Than seyd they voyce, “It Heresye. "
One the Byshoppes stode
and said, “What, heresye many fest,
saye that breade after the sacramentall wordes ones spoken, but Chrystes body one
Apostle was, am sure, wyse you
nowe, and more godlye learned. And called breade, wrytting the Corinthians, The
breade that we breake,’ sayth he, “is not the artaking the body Christ? ” Lo, calleth bread and not Christes body, but meane
whereby we receyve Christes body. Than sayd
sent you Wrytting concerning the Faith thys Blessed Sacrament clearly determined
Than saide the Archbishop vnto him, “Can tell me who this Church The lord
-with one
and by,
ly. ’ The lord Cobham said, Sainct Paule the plainly the Confessyon my Beleue.
they agayne, Paule must otherwise vnder
standed. For surely heresye saye
that breade after the consecration, but
onely Chrystes body. The lord Cobham asked, Chryst sayth also the same selfe chapter howe they coulde inake good that sentence Math. ‘That lyke the tree knowue theirs? They answered him thus, For his fruit, false prophet his works, against the determination holy Churche. Than appeare they neuer glorious. ” #. that sayde the Archbishop vnto him, ‘Sir Johan we
the judicium judicate, Whan we know the thing holy doctours. ' Than sayd again unto him, true, we may judge and not offende. “I knowe none holyer than Christ and his For Dauid sayth also, Rectejudicate filli homi
apostles. And for that determinacion, num, “Judge rightly always children
men. ” Christ, proud su
wote none theyrs, for standeth not And for your superiorite, were
with the Scriptures, but manifestly against them. the Churches, saye hath bene hers onely sins she receiued the greate
poyson worldly possessions, and not afore. ' Than asked hym, they stoppe hys mouth
should meke ministers, and
which Chryst hath forbidden, and the good judge cion the Church? And said vnto them, No ments, which he hath commaunded haue.
therwith, he beleued not the determina
forsooth, for no God.
all our crede
but thryse mencioned concerning beleue
God the Father, God the Sonne, God the
Holy Goost. The Byrthe, the Death, the Bu ways are the learned scolers Wickleue. riall, the Resurrection and Ascensyon Christe Unto whome the lord Cobham thus answer hath none for beleue but hym. Neyther ed, well sophistried you forsoth; pre yet hath the Churche, the Sacramentes, the posterouse are your judgements euer more. Forgyuenes Synne, the latter Resurrection, For the prophet Esay saith, “Yejudge nor yet the Lyfe Everlasting, any other than good, and good yll. ’ And therefore the same
the Holy Goost. prophet concludeth, “That your wayes are not Than sayd one the Lawiers, Tush, that Gods ways, nor Gods wayes your wayes. ” And was but worde office. But what your for that vertuouse man Wickleue, whose
true. All that grounded vppon them, be neuer absteyned from synne. But syns leue throughly. For, know, God's plea learned therein feare my Lord God, hath
your open dedes doth shew but are Than sayde doctour Walden again yet unts
beleue concerning holy Church? ' The lord Cob
jo
highly disdayne; shall saye ham answered, My beleue (as sayde afore) here for my part both before God and man, that all the Scriptures the Sacred Bible are that before knew that dispised doctrine his,
are nothing his glorye; but onely for your
Cobham answered, Yea truly can
Than said doctour Walden the prior the
Carmelites, ‘It doubte vnto you who there For Christ sayth Math. Nolite judicare, Presume judge man. here for bidden the judgment your neighbour bro ther, inoche more the judgment your supe
the Church Rome, our mother, and
left behind ye. And Johan hath this text, Operilus credite, Beleue you the outward doings. And another place Johan, Justum
rior. ” The lord Cobham made him thys answer,
o, make here difference judgements: put
periours.
Then said doctour Walden unto him, “Ye
no diuersite betwene the
Rash judgement and right judgement,
one with you. judgement presumed, and judgement office. swift judges al
youre lordly otherwise, trust, been with me: much
sure that shuld do. But
lawes and ydell determinations haue be grace could neuer finde your gloriouse leue. For part Christis holy Churche, lnstructions.
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TRIALS, HENny Oldcastle, oHeresy.
241] STATE I W. 1415. —Sir John for [242
hym, “It were not well wyth me, so meny ver tayle behind. As you fryers and monkes tuous men lyuyng, and so many learned men lyke pharisees diuided your outward appa
teaching, the scriptures being also so open, and
the examples of fathers so plenteouse, if I than
had no grace to amende my life till I hearde the
deuell preache. Saint Hierom saith, that he said vnto them all, Christe saith his gos whych seketh suche suspected masters, shall pell, ‘Wo you Scribes and Pharisees, ypo not fynde the mydday lyght, but the midday crites, for close the kingdom heauen deuell. ' The lord Cobham said, Your fathers before men. Neyther entre your selves, the olde Pharisees ascrybed Chrystes miracles nor yet suffre any other that would entre into to Belzebub, and hys doctrine to the deuell. But stop the wayes thereunto with And you as their naturall children haue still your owne tradicions, and therefore are the the same selfjudgment, concerning his faithful houshold Antichrist; will not permit followers. They that rebuke your viciously Gods veryte haue passage, nor yet lyuyng, must nedes be heretykes; and that taught his true ministers, fearing haue must your doctours proue, whan ye haue no your wickedness reproued. But such vayne scriptures to do Than said them all, flatterers vpholde you your mischeues,
To judge you be, we nede farther
thau your owne propre actes. Where
fynd Gods lawe, that shuld thus syt
judgment any Christen men, yet sentens Sir, there shall suche preache within my anye other man vnto death, here daily? diocese, (and God will) nor yet my juris No ground haue the scriptures diction, (yf may know yt) either maketh lordely take vppon ye; but Annas and diuision, yet dissension amonge the poore
Cayphas, whiche sate thus vppon Chryst, and commons. ” The lord Cobham sayd, Both vppon his apostles after his ascencyon, them Chryst and his Apostles were accused sedi onely haue taken judge Christes mem cion making, yet were they most peaceable bres do, and neyther Peter nor Johan. men. Both iYaniel and Christ prophecyed,
Than sayde some the Lawyers, “Yes for that such troublous tyme shulde come, soth, sir, for Christjudged Judas. ” The lord hath not been yet sens the worldes beginning. Cobham sayd, No, Christ judged him not, but And this prophecye partly fulfylled your
judged himselfe; and ther upon went forth, daies and doinges. For many haue slaine and did hang himselfe. But indede Christ already, and more wyl slee hereafter, God sayd, wo vnto him for that couetous act his, fulfil not promes. Chryst saith, also,
doth yet styll unto many you. For those days yours were not shortened, scarsly sens the venime was shed into the church, shuld any flesh saued. Therefore loke for never folowed Christ: neither yet have stand justly, for God wyll shorten your dayes. More
the perfection Gods lawe. ouer, though priestes and deacons for preaching Than asked him the archbyshoppe, ‘What God's word, and for ministring the sacra he meant that venim The lord Cobham ments, with prouision for the pore, ground
sayd, your possessyons and lordshippes: for, God'slawe, yet haue these other sectes no than cryed aungell the ayre (as your owne maner ground thereof, far haue Chronycles inencioneth) Wo, wo, wo, this red.
day venime shedde into the church God. ” Than Doctour Lawe, called master
Before that tyme the Byshopes Rome Johan Kempe, plucked out his bosome were martirs maner. And sens that time copye that Byll which they had afore sent
we rede very few but dede sens that him into the Tower, the Archbishops same tine one hath put down other, one Council, thinking thereby make shorter hath poysoned other, one hath cursed worke with him. For they were amased other, one hath slayne other, and done with his Answers (not vinlike them which much more mischefe besides, the chro disputed with Steven) that they knew not well nicles telleth. And let men consydre well howe occupye the tyme, there wyttes and
thys, That Christ was meke and mercifull; sophistry (as God wolde) fayled them that the pope proud and tiraunt. Christ was day. My lord Cobham (sayth this doctor) pore and forgaue; the pope riche, and “we must brefely know your mynde concern. most cruell manslayer, his dayly actes doth ing these Poyntes here following. The fyrst prove him. Rome the very nest Anti them thys. And then redde vpon the Byll. chryst, and out the nest cometh his dis The Fayth and the Determinacion holy ciples; whome prelates, priestes and monkes Church touching the Blessed Sacrament the are the body, and these pylde friers are the Alter this, that after the sacramentall tayle, whyche couereth his moost sylthy part. wordes ones spoken pryest hys
Than sayed the Pryor the fryre Augustines, masse, the materyall bread that was before “Alac, Syr, why say so? That un bread, turned into Christes very bodye. And charitably spoken. ' And the lord Cobham the materiall wyne that was before wyne, said, not only my saying; but also the pro turned into Christes very bloude. And phet Esayes long afore my tyme. The pro there remaineth the sacrament the aulter
phet, sayth he, which preachcth lyes, the from thens forth materyall bread norma WOL.
rell and vsages, make among the
peple. And thus, you with such other are the very naturall membres Antychryst. —Than
suffer the common people most miserably seduced. ”
- Than saide the Archbishop, “By oure lady,
I.
of
is he so as ye
in to all
| R
ed in
of
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215]
STATE TRIALS, l IIENny V. 1413. —Trial and Examination of [244
teryall wyne, which were there before the sa their subtyle sophistrye: neuer will con cramentall wordes were spoken; Sir, beleue ye science obey any you all, tyil see you with
notthis'ThelordCobham. not my Beleue; but my Faith is
Peter follow Chryst conuersation.
Than redde the Doctour againe: “The
fourth Pointe this, holy church hath deter
mined, that
manne
there specially
sayd Sacratinent
Johan, must say otherwise. ’ The lord Cob ham saide, Nay, that shall not, God vppon my syde (as truste but that there
Christes body fourme breade, the comon beleue is.
Than redde the doctor againe. The second Point this, “Holy Churche hath determined that euery Christen man lyuing here bodely
you afore) that the
the aulter, very Christes
chrysten holy places, and worship holy relikes and
vppon earth, ought ordeined the church,
shryuen priest may come
els bury them faire
him: Sir, what say
Cobham answered and said,
sore wounded man had nede to haue sure
wyse chyrurgion, and true; knowing both
the ground and the danger the saine. Moost necessary were therefore, fyrst shryuen
wnto God, which only knoweth our diseases, and can helpe us, deny not this the going
priest,
learning for the lawes
man good lyse and
God are re godly learnca.
man viciouse ought rather
of all christen realmes.
“Why, Syr,’
ured the pricst which
-
}.
“will
ydiote, lyuynge, that my curate,
said one
the
clerkes,
What worship
flee from him, than seke unto him. For sooner might catch him that nought, than any goodnesse towardes my soule helth.
Than redde the doctour againe. The third Pointe this, Christe ordeined Sainct Peter the apostle his vicar here aerth, whose
graunted,
shuld geue vinto them? sayd the lord Cob
. . " bo
dy
breade. Than said the Archbishop, “Sir
meritoriouse pilgrimage
this
other aged peple which wonderfull thing,
sayed,
This is
fourme
The lord diseased
the ground,
are Gods ymages.
that saintes now being dead, shuld become covetous and medye, and therevppon bit terly begge, which their lyfe time hated covetousnesse and begginge. But this saye wnto you, and wold the world shuld marke
That with your shrines and idolles, your fayned absolutions and pardous, drawe vinto you the substance, welthe, and chefe pleasures
see the church Rome. And
that the same power which gaue winto Peter,
shulde succeede all Peter's successors, which
we call now popes Rome. By whose spe selfe yet ones again aske you, what wor ciall power churches partycular ordeyned shyp shuld unto —A Clerk said unto prelates, archbishops, parsons, curates, and him, ‘Such worship Paul speaketh of, and other degrees more voto whom christen men that this, “God forbidde that should joye
ought obeye after the lawes the Church
but onely the crosse Jesu Christ. ' Than
sayd the lord Cobham, and spreade his armes abroade, This very Crosse, yea and
muche better than your crosse woode,
yet will not leke
holy church: Sir, beleve not this To this
Rome. This the determination
answered and said, He that folowcth Peter
nighest pure lyuing,
moost next vinto him
that was created God haue worshipped.
succession; but your
Éio,
ordre es
London, ‘Sir, Peter, what soeuer prate him neither wote well that he died on material crosse. '
care you greatlye for the humble mauers The lorde Cobham sayd, Yea, and wote also them that succeded him tyll the time Silves that our saluacion came not that ma tre, which for the more part were martirs, teryall crosse, but alone him which dyed
temeth not greatly the lowly behauer
pore
Than said the bishop
toldeye afore. Ye can lett their good con thervppon. And well wote that holy saint dicions you, and not hurt your selues Paull rejoysed none other crosse, but with them all; the worlde knoweth thys Christes passion and death onely, and his well inough you, and yet can make boast own sufferings like persecution with him, of Peter. for the same selfe verite that he had suffered
him, ‘Than what say the ope ‘Wyll than none honour |.
With that one the oi
images
and
church
Whereunto he answered, owe them no ser uice any commaundment God, and there fore minde not seke them for your covet ousnes: were best swept them fayre from copwebs and duste, and layed them up for catching scathe;
saintes, apostles, martirs, confessours, other saintes besydes, approued the
Rome: Sir, what say ye this
not worship good Ymages
ham. —Than sayd fryer I'almyr vnto him, ‘Sir, well worshyp the crosse Christ that died vppon. " Where it? said lord Cobham.
ë.
put me airnest question thing, and
The fryer sayd, put the case, Sir, that were here euen now before you? ' The lord
ther doctours axed yet for afore. —And other Clerke
him, the holy The lord Cobham answered, As said crosse 2'-He answered him, Yes, he were
he and you together maketh whole the great myne, wolde lay him honestlye, and see antichrist, whome the great heade you wnto him that he shuld take no more scathes
abroade, goodes nor robbed his
now days.
Than sayd the Archbishop winto him, ‘Sir
shops, priestes, prelates
body, and the begging friers are the taile, for they cquuer the filthinesse you both with
monkes,
are the
answered, This great wyse manne,
yet his selfe knoweth not where the thing
asked
a
it isIishe it :
Ibyall
by in to is
of of ye
be
in an is do
I
as
onit is
of at
in to I be if by isan
he do isye
of all ye
ye ye
; of of
beI inI yllto a to
of
I of
he
I a
to of be
to if he
he ofis)
ofvp
I
of
is
a so I
I ye
of to ofItofgo
go by by
as
inistobeheit in
all of is of .
P’ in
is ofin
A'
is
to is
if heof:
a
as
PIofheof to ortobeto
by of ; a
a ye
I of o'
to toityeit. in
oforofayebe I
he he
of; istoainI
of
; ofof beaas
I
doofin a “Ial. yetotoisof
of
as is ofit is
all Itdoor ye in
to of to inIof toI
iftobyIofa ye aI
as I Iso to in he in by
is in ye in so it he
ye all so o'
to
if (as
is
is
245] STATE TRIALs, 1 Henry V. 1413. −Sir John Oldcastle, Hercy. [246
Johan, haue spoken here many wonderfull
wordes, the slaundrous rebuk the whole
spiritualte, geuing greotyll example vnto the
common sort here, haue the more
disdayne. Moche time haue we spent here
abought you, and vaine farre can
see. Well, we must now this short point him thereof; we yet
with you, for the day passeth away muste eyther submit your selfe the ordinaunce
ed
Holy Church, else throwe your self (no re
medy) into moost depe daunger;
time, for anon will els late. ' The lorde
Cobham said, knowe not what purpose
shuld otherwise submitte me; moch more haue
you offended me, than euer offended you,
thus troubling me before thys multitude. —Than
sayd the Archbishop againe vnto him, “We Than brought forth other Byll, con
ones againe require you remembre your
selfe wel, and haue none other opinion these maters, than the universall Fayth and
teyning the sayd Sentence, and that redde
also his bauger Lntyne; ‘Christi nomine inuocato, ipsum que solum pre oculis halentis, quia per acta mactituta,’ and forth which
haue also translated into Inglish, that men may understand “Christ we take unto witnes, that nothing els we seke this our whole enterpryse, but his only glory. For
much we haue found dyuerse actes done, brought forth and exhibited sondry evidences, sygnes, and tokens, and also by many most manifest proues, the said Johan Oldcastell knight, and lord Cobham, not only
beleue the holy Church
lyke obedient child
wnite your mother.
for yet may have remedy, where anon will be to late.
The lord Cobhan sayd expressely before them all, will none otherwise beleue these
pointes than haue tolde here afore, with me what will. ’ Finally, than the Archbishop sayd, “Wel, than see none other
but we unust needs the lawe, we must pro
lèome and
return again the say time,
ing vnto hym what the holye and universall church Rome hath sayd, holden, determined,
and taught that behalfe. And though we found him the catholike faith farre wyde
stifiedked, o:
and that wold not confesse
his erroure, nor purge him selfe, nor yet repent hym fatherly
compassion, and intierly the belthe his sowle, appoynted him competent tyme delyberación, wold repent and seke be reformed and sens we haue found him worse and worse. Considering therefore
that incorrygible, we are driuen the very extremite the lawe, and with great heuynes hart, we now procede the publi cacyon the sentence diffinityue against him.
esyrynge
evident heretyke hys own parsone, but cede forth the Sentence diffinitiue, and both also mighty mainteyner other heretikes,
judge and condempne for Heretike. against the faith and relygion the holy and And with that the Archbyshoppe stode vp, and vniuersal Church Rome, namely, about the
redde there Byll his Condemnacion,
the clergyo and layte avaylyng their bonnettes; and thys was thereof the tenour:
two sacramentes the alter, and penaunce, besides the popes power and pilgrimages: and that he, the chyld iniquite and darkenes, hath hardened his hart, that will no
Condempnacion.
The Diffinitiue Sentence his
In Dei Nomine, Amen. Nos Thomas, per neyther wyll alured
hys pastour strayght admo
case attend vnto the voice missione diuina, Cantuariensis Ecclesia. Archie nishments, nor yet brought
piscopus, Metropolitanus totius Anglie primas,
Apostolicæ sedis Legatus, and forth bar wayde the one side, and his vnworthynes
berous Latin, which we haue here translated
into Inglish, for more playne vnderstanding
to the reader. ”—In the name God, be
We Thomas, the sufferaunce God, Arch which nought shuld
bishop Caunterbury, metropolitane and contagiousnes infect
primate Ingland, and legate from the sage councell and assent the very discret apostolyke seate Rome, willeth this fathers, our honorable brethren and lordes knowen vnto all men. In certein cause of bishopes here present, Richard London, Heresy, and vppon diuerse articles, where vppon Henry Wynchester, and Benit Bangor, sir John Oldcastle knight, and lord Cobham, and other great, learned, and wyse men after diligent inquisition made for the same, here, both doctours diuinite and the lawes, was detected, accused, and presented before
damnable obstinacy.
Paules London
ment and request our universall clergy the seid Johan Oldcastell knyght, and lord Cob seyd conuocation, we proceded against him ac ham, for most pernicious and detestable cording the lawe (God witnes) with heretyke, cohvycted vpon the same, and re the fauer possible. And folowing Christes ex fusing vtterly obey the church agayne, com ample that we might, which willeth not mittyng hym here from hens forth con
our last conuocation Canterbury, bolden
our province
canon and ciuyle, seculars and religious, with dyuerse other expert men assisting we sen tencyally and dyffinitiuely, thys present
fauour able wordes. The worthenes of the cause first
again considered also aggrauated,
the other syde, his fautes made double through his
the cathedrall churche
the laufull denounce writeing, judge, declare, and condemne the
the death synner, but rather that conuerted and lyue, we took vpon correct him, and sought other ways possible
dempned heretik the sectilar jurisdiction, power, and judgment, him ther vpon death. Furthermore, we excommunicate and
bring him againe the churches vnite, declar denounce acursed not only this heretike here
We being loth that
worse, and with hie the multitude; the
to all
of ; atin
of
a ye a al
to do
of by of
he an a
he
for
to
he :
into at ofall
toye
to
a
at to ye as
hein to al
all
do
it
to
of be : :se beofin if
to
he
it he of to
a
as
in in
in
&
of all
of
ye I ye
to of to I toto it,
a
ye ofan
‘ ye of
of
a allby a I to Iitor
sir of is of
on
so a as
in heto so ofof is
of
by
of of by so in he of
of
to I
of
so vs in
ofso I: vs an se
of
to
to be
so in ofofvs be it.
as
in into
is:
so in
it
in I in of
I
oron be ofof
of
vs, ofof so by sir by in ; he
to
as
abyin to
of
of do
be bein to Seto to
an
as
I
ofof
247]
STATE TRIALS, 1 Isesity V. 1413. -Trial and Eramination of [248
present, but so many besydes shall here Cobham sayd with most cherefull counte after, fauer errour, eyther receive him naunce, “Though judge my body, which
defend him, counsell him helpe him, but wretched thing, yet am certein and any other way mainteiu him, very fauters, sure, that can harme my soule, receiuers, defenders, councelers, ayders, and more than could Sathan uppon the soule maynteyners condemned heretiks. -And Job. He that created that, will his infinite that these premysses maye the better mercy and promess save haue, therein knowen faythiull Chrystem men, we com manner doubt. And concerning these mit here vnto your charges, and gaue you Articles before rehersed, will stande them, strayghte commaundement thervpon thys euen the very death, the grace my
wrytyng also, that cause this condemnacion and diffinityue sentence excommunycacyon, concerning both thys heretyke and his fawters,
publyshed through oute
cytyes, townes, and vyllages,
and parysh priestes, such time
have most recourse people, and
done after this sort. As the people are thus
gathered deuoutlye together, lett the curate
euery where into the pulpet, and there
open, declare, and expounde thys process,
the mother tonge, audy ble and intelligible
voyce, that maye well persciued
men and that vppon the feare this decla
racion also, the people maye fall from their
opinions conceiued now late sediciouse mered Robert Morleye, and ledde preachers. More ouer, we will that after we
haue deliuered vnto yohe one you bishoppes
(which are here present) cause the same
dyuers coppies, and
other bishopps and prelates our whole pro lowing, causing set diuerse quar uince, that they may also see the contents ters London, that the peple shulde not be thereof solempnely published within their dio leve the slaundres and lyes that his ennemies
and they signifye again vnto distinctly your wrytinges,
without fayned colour
and after what sort condicion, according
was done
the tenour hereof, that
sacraments the Church, and specially the
we may knowe
coppye thys Wrytinge sent Thomas
eternall God. ’ And therwith he turned bitu wnto the people, casting hys handes abroade;
that
dyoceses your curates
and saying with very loude voice, ‘Good Christen people, for Gods loue well ware these men: for they will els begyle you, and
they shall leade you blindelyng into hell with themselues.
For Christ saith plainly vinto you, “If one blind
man leadeth another, they are lyke both fall
into the dytche. ”—After thys fell downe
there vppon knees, and thus before them
prayed for his enemies, holding both his
handes and his eyes towards heauen, and say
ing, Lord God eternal, beseche the for thy great mercies sake forgeue my pursuers, dely
thy blessed will. ” And than he was
forth againe the Tower London. And thus was there ende that dayes worke.
Whyle the Lord Cobham was thus the
coppye bereof, that
written out again into Tower, sent out priuily vnto his friends; and
sent vnto the they desire wrote this lytle Bill here fol
ceses and cures Tinally we wyll that both you the bishops seruaunts and priestes had made
seriously and on him abroade. And this was the Letter;
the matter “For much John Oldecastell knight euery point per and lord Cobham, vntruly conuicted and in fourmed, the daye wheruppon receyued thys prisoned, falsely reported, and slaundred among processe, the tyme whan was you executed, the comen people his aduersaries, that he euerye shuld otherwise both fele, and speake the
justly the same. ” Caunterbury, after
the daye October,
oure Lorde 1413, knowen be here
Diuina,” &c. The sayde Richard Clifford sent ments the church proftytable and expe an other coppye thereof, enclosed within his dient also them that shal saued, taking owne letters, unto Robert Mascall, Carme them after the intent that Christ and his true
blessed sacrament
ten the confession
Arundel the archbishop
ward from May deston
within the same yeare
unto Richard Clifford the bishop London, neuer sens varyed
which thus beginneth, Thomas Permissione this plainly his beleue, that the sacra
lite fryer, which was than bishop Hertford
Walis, written from Hadham the xxiii day Octobre, the same yere and the beginning
thereof this, Reuerende Christo Pater,” &c. The said Robert Mascall directed an
other copy thereof fion London the xxvii day November the same yere, enclosed his
owne commission also, vinto his archdeacons and deanes Herford and Shrewisbury. And this thereof the beginning, Venerabilibus
church hath ordayned. Further more be leued that the blessed sacrament of the aulter
verely and truly Christes body, fourme bread. ”
After thys the byshops and pryestes were
moche obloquie, both the nobilite and co mens, partly for that they had cruelly han dled the good lord Cobham; and partlye againe, bycause hys opinion (as they thought that tyme) was perfyght concerning the sacrament.
indinted and taken diuerse open places
the clergy, and set up the cite London, all the world, that he
discretis varis,” &c. like manner did the As they feared thys grow further incon
other bishopes within their dioceses.
After that the Archebishop had thus red the Byll his Condempnation, with most extre
uenience towardes them both wayes, they drew their heads together, and the last consented use other practise, somewhat contrary
nite, before the whole multitude the lord that they had done afore. They caused
the aulter, than was writ his belieue, which was
any poynt therfro; but
:
of of
by of seas
of
in
is in “
to in by it all
of of his
to
a ye
to at
-
of in
sir
. be in
no I
it at byto
so
. so
in if to
to of
&of A ye to or
In
; “ of of of
it in ofyeasvs
to a
of
of
is
; be yt in
“
of
byall
be as
as
to so
of
by asit, ItoI
in
yof it llallin bein
by
in of
it all
ofno is
in
he
ofof
a
in
be
all of
vp he
be
of
ofit to
go
is
isin beofno
or
ofin
is in of at
to
to
of
an ofashishe in to of
syr
all it . to his
in to of isas to to
do yea
be to of
of
I
to so be
in of ye an
be to it
in x ofbe be or
els
it an
a
249] STATE TRIALS, I HENRy V. 1413. —Sir John Oldcastle, for Heresy. [250
and by to be blowne abroade by their feed ser men. —And agreably styl unto this, confess, uants, fryendes and babeling Johnes, that graunt, and affyrme other archbishoppes,
before, and stande them, considering hym them subdued.
the more awe
An Abjuracion counterfayted
the Bishoppes.
§.
bishoppes, and prelates, their prouinces, dy
the sayde lord Cobham was becomen good man, and had lawlye submitted him selfe
things vnto holy his
ocesses, and parishes (appointed
pope Rome, assyst
tyme come, auctorite and power rule and gouerne, binde and lose, acurse and as soyle the subjectes peoples their aforeseid prouinces, dyoceses, and parishes; and that theyr said subjectes peoples ought right
things obey them. Furthermore confesse, graunt and affyrme, that the sayde Oldecastell knt. sometime the lord Cobham. spyrytuall fathers, our moost holy father the “In Dei nomine, Amen. Johan Oldecas pope, archbishops, byshops and prelates, haue
opinion concerning the sacrament. And ther vppon they contrefayted abjuration his
name, that the peple shuld take hold that opinion any thing they had hearde him
his
This the Abjuration (say they) Syr
vtterly chaunging
the seid doinges
great
man, and
tell denounced, detected and conuycted and had, haue now and ought haue hereafter,
vppon sauering heresy powero estate, go diuerse articles both and auctorite and for the order and
errour, before the reuerend father Christ, uernaunce theyr subjectes peoples, make
my good Thomas, by permission lawes, decrees, and lord the
constitucions; yea,
of . . . ; Archebishop Caunterburye, lord
statutes and commaunde and
publysh,
my lauful and rightful judge that behalfe, ex said subjectes and the obseruation of
bishops, and his other prelates, the degrees maunded accordynge the fourme spirituall
the church, and the holy sacramentes the lawe, Christen peple and euery man him
and and
compell theyr
affyr ing the ystate and power the moost holy fa me that these forsayd lawes, decrees, statutes ther the pope Rome, his archbishops, his and constitucions, made, publy shed and com
ressely graunt and confesse, That concern thcm. —Moreouer, and
and pardons; affyrme say) before the said and constitucions our most holy father the reuerend father archbishop, and els where, that pope, incorporated his decrees, decretals, being seduced diuerse sediciouse preach clementynes, codes, chartes, rescriptes, sextiles
the prouinciel statutes archebishops their prouinces, the sinodall actes byshoppes theyr dioceses, and the commendable rules and customes prelates their colleges, and cu rates their parishes, Christen people are both bound observe, and also moost mekely
obeye. Ouer and besides this, Johan Oldecastell, vtterly forsakinge and renouncynge
the aforesayd errours and heresyes, and all other errours and heresyes lyke vnto them, lay my hande here vppon this boke, holy euan gelye God, and swear, that shall neuerinore
ers, haue greuously erred and heritically per and extraua gauntes the world over all; and
sisted, blasphemously answered, and obsti nately rebelled. And therefore am the
sayd reuerend father, before the reuerend fa thers Christ also the bishops London, Winchestre, and Bangor, lawfullye condempned for an heretyke. —Neuertheless yet, now re membring myselfe, and coueting this meane
auoide that temporal payne, which am worthy suffer heretike, the as
i.
business) his office,
him
his decrees, canons, vertue
haue had tymes past,
now this tyme, and that they ought haue
confesse, graunt
haue
same, specyally the sacramentes the aulter,
penaunce,
and and other obseruaunces be
sides our mother holy church, pilgrimages
selfe, straightly bound obserne, and meke
lye obeye, accordyng
Koi. the diuersite the
powers. As the lawes, statutes, canons
signacion my most excellent Christen prince and liege lord king Henry the fift, nowe the
God most worthy kyng both Eng
minding pre and France also
doctryne the holy and uniuersal church
heresyes,
yet any other lyke vinto them wetingly. Ney ther shall geue counsell, ayde. helpe nor fauer
any tyme them that shall holde, teache,
ferre the wholsom determinacyon, sentence and
††,
Rome, before the vnholsom opinions my
self, my teachers, and 'my followers: frely, affyrme mainteine the same, God shall
deliberately, and throughly confesse, helpe nic and these holy euangelyes. —And that graunt, and affyrme the moste holye fathers shall from hens forth faithfully obeye, and in Christ, sainct Peter the apostle, and his succes uiolably obserue the holy lawes, statutes, sours bishoppes Rome, specially now thys canons, and constitucions the popes tyme my moost blessed Lorde pope Johan Rome, archbishopes, bishops and prelates,
the permyssyon God the pope that are contayned, and determined theyr holye name, which now holdeth Peter's seate (and decrees, decretals, clementines, codes, chartes, each them their succession) full strength rescryptes, scxtyles, summes papall, extrauagan and power. Chrystes vycar aerth, and tes, statutes prouincyall, actes synodal, and the head the church milytaunt. And that other ordinary rules customes constituted
by the strength hys office (what thogh them, that shall chaunce hereafter dyrectly
damned) hath full auctorite and power such other, wyll myselfe with powr possible rule and gouerne, bind and lose, saue and de apply. Besydes this, the penaunce which
stroy, accurse and assoyle, other Christen shal please my said reuerend father, the lorde
great sinner, and afore knowen God be determined made. To these and ail
from hens forth hold these forsaid
nor
al
of a
sir
itto
a toIJ.