No More Learning

, 480 n. 5, 481 n. 1, 483
Haidar Jang, 390
n. 4, 486 n. 2, 488 n. 1, 497 n. 1,
Haidar Qasim Kuhbur, 85
499 n. 1, 503 n. 1, 504 n. 1
Haidar Quli Khan, 345, 347, 349
Hasan Abdal, 228, 239
Haji Begam, 532
Hasan Ali Khan, 243, 248, 249; in-
Haji Khan, 73, 74
vades Konkan, 282
Hajipur, 45, 46, 48, 92, 112
Hasan 'Ali, Sayyid (of Barha), sup-
Hajjaj bin Yusuf, 369 n. 1
ports Farrukh-siyar, becomes 'Ab-
Hajji Khan, 10, 11
dullah Khan (q. v. ) and Qutb-ul-
Hajo, 200; see also Kuch Hajo
Mulk, 327
Hakim 'Ali, 152
Hasan Hamidan, 310
Hakim Sur, 115
Hasan Khan (in Bihar), 90
Hakluytus Posthumus, 491 n. 1, 492
Hasan Khan Mewati, 10, 15, 16, 17
Hasan Khan Sur, 45, 46; his tomb, 526,
Haldighat, 115, 116
528
Hall, 495 n. 2, 510 n. 1
Halliday, 483 n. 3, 492 n. 2
Hasanpur, 345
"Hall of Worship", 113, 120, 122
Hashim, 369 n. 1
Hamida Begam, 38; tries to reconcile
Hashtnagar, 8
Salim to Akbar, 147
Hathi Pol, at Agra, 536; at Fathpur
Hamid Khan, uncle and deputy of
Sikri, 539
Nizam-ul-Mulk in Gujarat, 350
Hawai, 80
Hamid Khan (Abyssinian) bribes Hawa Khana, 541
Khan Jahan, 176, 263, 364
Hawkins, W. , 162, 466
Hamilton, A. , 481 n. 1, 500 nn. 1 and Hayat Bakhsh, 557
3, 502 n. 1
Hayat Bakhsh Begam, 261
Hamilton, C. J. , 317
Hazara, 238, 535
Hamilton, Dr William, cures Farrukh-
Health, captain, 308
siyar, 335
Henry IV of France, 153
hammam, at Fathpur Sikri, 546; at Herat, 4, 5; taken by Shaibani Khan,
Delhi, 557
6; occupied by Persians, 7; taken by
Hamzaban, 105
Mahmud Khan, 357; by Ahmad
Handiya, 62, 383
Shah Abdali, 371
Happy Sayings of Akbar, 131, 154
Herbert, 500 n. 1
Hara clan, 252, 282, 303, 341-2
Hidayat-kesh, 332
Hardaur Singh, 185
Higginson, 501
Hardwar disliked by Jahangir, 169 Hijili, 191, 308
Harem influences, 74
Himmat Khan, 294-5
Har Govind, Guru, 245
Himmat Khan (of Kurnool), 387
Har Har Mahadeo, invocation to Himu, his origin and influence, 64;
Shiva, 423
defeats Junaid Khan, 65; prepares
Hariharpur, English factory at, 306
to expel Mughuls and occupies
Harji Mahadik, 291-2
Delhi, 71; defeat at Panipat and
Har Kishan, 245
death, 72; his widow and father, 73
9


## p. 654 (#696) ############################################

654
INDEX
Hindal, defeats Tatar Khan, 23; de-
feats Muhammad Sultan, 27; occu-
pies Jaunpur, 28; deserts from
north Bihar, 30; at Agra, 31; revolts,
32, 51; joins Kamran, declines to
help Humayun, 33; 35; aims at Sind,
36; advances on Sehwan, 37; leaves
Humayun for Qandahar, 38; seizes
Qandahar but displaced by Kam-
ran, 40; escapes to Humayun, 41;
killed by an Afghan, 42
Hindaun, 321; taken by Marathas, 354
Hindu Baloch, 53, 54
Hindu Beg, 25, 50
Hindu-pad-padshahi, 395 n. 2, 397
Hindu Rao, 299, 301
Hingangaon, 393
Hira Mahall, 557
Hirananda Shastri, 87 n. 2
Hirapur, 277
Hisar (Badakhshan), 4, 7,
8
Hissar (Firuza), 12, 22, 45, 67, 74
Hkrit, 476
Hlaingtha gate, 512
Hluttaw, 502, 508
Hmannan, 500
Hmawdin, 478, 491
Hodivala, 134 n. 1, 153 n. 1, 180 n. 3
Hodson, 509 n. 3
Hooghly, Portuguese at, 190; siege of,
191; captured, 192; English factory
at 306; sacked by English, 308;
seized by Orissa Afghans, 311; 0C-
cupied by Marathas, 367
Horses, 317
Hoskote, 279
Hosten, 477 n. 3, 562 n. 1
Hpalaung ( Portuguese, q. v. ), 477
Hsenwi, 516
Hsinbyugyun, 508
Hsinbuymyashin pyatton, 490
Hsinbuyshin, king of Burma, raids
Manipur and restores Ava, 512;
treats his officers badly, 516; visits
Rangoon, 519; dies 520; nominated
Singu as successor,
Hugli, see Hooghly
Hukumat-panah, 291
Humayun, birth, 5; gains victory near
Hissar, 12; protects widows of Raja
of Gwalior, 13; takes Jaunpur and
Ghazipur, 16; at battle of Khanua,
Returns to Badakhshan, 17; revisits
Agra, illness and recovery, succes-
sion to Babur, 18; divides the goy-
ernment, besieges Kalinjar, scatters
Afghans at Daunrua, 21; arranges
peace with Sher Khan, troubles
with the Mirzas and quarrel with
Bahadur Shah, 23, 50; takes Raisen,
defeats Bahadur Shah, 23; takes
Mandu, occupies Malwa and invades
Gujarat, 24; storms Champaner and
occupies Ahmadabad, 25; returns to
Mandu, 26; loses Gujarat and Mal-
wa, 27; delays at Agra, siege of
Chunar, 28; takes Chunar, meets
Mahmud, and advances towards
Bengal, 29; retreats to Bihar, 30;
halts at Chausa, 31; defeated by
Sher Khan at Chausa, flies to Agra,
33, 61; meets his brothers, moves
against Sher Shah, 34; defeated by
Sher Shah near Kanauj, flies to
Punjab, 35, 51; his wavering plans,
36; takes refuge in Sind, besieges
Bhakkar, 37, 51; marries Hamida
Begam, fails in Sind, 38; his suffer-
ings in Rajputana, 39; leaves Sind,
takes refuge in Persia, and with
Persian help takes Qandahar, 40;
expels Kamran from Kabul, but
loses and regains it, 41; reconciled
to Kamran who again rebels, 12;
his character, 43; his return
India, 61; takes an omen, 66; ad-
vances to Lahore and Sirhind, 67;
defeats Sikandar Shah, and enters
Delhi, 68; death, 69; his tomb, 227,
532-5, 562; Farrukh-siyar buried
in his tomb, 339; 357; 'Alamgir II
buried in his tomb, 444; his new
522
Huart, Cl. , 217 n. 2
Huber, 517 n. 1
Hubli, 275
city at Delhi, 524
Humayun Bakht, 332
hun (coin), 197, 207 n. 1, 256, 258,
259, 273
9
0
1


## p. 655 (#697) ############################################

INDEX
655
Husain 'Ali, Sayyid (of Barha, later
Amir-ul-Umara, Firuz Jang), sup-
ports Farrukh-siyar, 327; becomes
paymaster, 331; suppresses revolt
in Marwar, 333; appointed viceroy
of Deccan, 334, 341; returns to Del-
hi, 338; urges murder of Farrukh-
siyar, 339; takes Agra fort, 340;
quarrels with 'Abdullah Khan, 342;
his nephew killed, 343; murdered,
344, 399; his compromise with Pe-
shwa, 395
Husain Baiqara, see Sultan Husain
Baiqara
Husain Beg, 157
Husain Dost Khan, see Chanda Sahib,
tions with Jahangir and Malik 'Am-
bar, 260-4; his tomb, 573
Ibrahim Husain Mirza, 94, 105, 106,
108
Ibrahim Khan (brother of Nur
Jahan), 172
Ibrahim Khan (viceroy of Bengal),
308, 311, 312
Ibrahim Khan Gardi, gained over by
Nizam 'Ali, 389; enters Peshwa's
service, 390, 413; in army against
Abdali, 417; at Kunjpura, 419; at
Panipat, 420, 421, 422 and n. ? ;
433
Husain Khan Nuhani, 15
Husain Khan, Sayyid (of Barha), 322
Husain Nizam Shah III of Ahmad-
nagar, succeeds, 189, 264; sent to
Gwalior, 193
Husain Quli Khan (Khan Jahan), at-
tempts to capture Sharaf-ud-din
Husain, 85; pursues Rana, 98; to
govern Punjab, 100; sent against
Nagarkot, 103; captures Mirzas, 106;
receives title Khan Jahan, 108
Husain Shah, king of Arakan, 478
Hyderabad (city), sacked by Muham-
mad Sultan, 270; captured by Mu-
ghuls, 285; again sacked, 287; Kam
Bakhsh killed near, 321; becomes
capital of Nizam-ul-Mulk, 350, 377,
399; walls of built by Nizam, 385
Hyderabad (state), founded, 377; its
wealth, 378; its decline, 386; large
cessions to Marathas from, 391, 413;
but ultimate recovery, 391; Balaji
Baji Rao's designs on, 410
taken and killed, 424
Ibrahim Khan Sur, 45; assumes royal
title, 65; withdraws to Bengal, 70;
expelled from Jaunpur, 77
Ibrahim Khan Uzbeg, 81, 91, 92, 93
Ibrahim Lodi, 9, 10, 11, 12, defeated
and slain at Panipat, 13; 19, 46
Ibrahim, Mir (of Golconda), created
Mahabat Khan, 305
Ibrahim Rauza, 573-4
Idar, 108
Ikhtiyar Khan, 24, 25
Ikhtiyar-ul-Mulk, 108
'Imad-ul-Mulk (of Gujarat), 25
'Imad-ul-Mulk, title of Ghazi-ud-din,
son of Nizam, 433 n. 1
'Imad-ul-Mulk, title of Ghazi-ud-din
(Shihab-ud-din) (q. v. ), 435
imala, 58
imam, 57
Imam Quli (of Samarqand), 170, 202
Imams, the, 122
'imaratlar, 14
Imole, 509
Imphal, 509
'Inayat Khan, 251
'Inayat-ullah Kashmiri, 337, 339, 346
Inchbird, 406, 407
Indapur, 268
Indigo, Shah Jahan's monopoly of,
218, 449; export of, 317; Akbar's re-
venue rate on, 460
Indore founded by Malhar Rao Hol-
kar, 398
Indrakhi, 306
Indra Singh, 247, 248
Indur (Nizamabad), 173
>
'Ibadat-Khana, or “Hall of Worship",
113
Ibn Husain, 237
Ibrahim (son of Rafi'-ush-Shan) pro-
claimed emperor, 345
Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II (of Bijapur),
congratulates Akbar on conquest of
Ahmadnagar, 147; pays tribute to
Jahangir, 165; his death, 188; rela-


## p. 656 (#698) ############################################

656
INDEX
Italian, missionaries, 500; art, 558
I'tibar Khan, 310
I'timad Khan, see Buhlul Malik, 84, 89
I'timad Khan (of Gujarat), 103, 104,
132, 133
I'timad Khan (of Surat), 310
I'timad-ud-Daula, becomes revenue
minister, 156; with Jahangir against
Khusrav, 157; 163; death of, 169;
his tomb, 179, 552-3
I'timad-ud-Daula, title of Muhammaa
Amin Khan, Turani (q. v. ), 331
I'timad-ud-Daula, title of Qamar-ud-
Infallibility, doctrine of and Decree,
din, 346
I'tiqad Khan, see Muhammad Murad,
337
I'tiqad Khan, Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan, Nus-
rat Jang, besieges Raigarh, 284; sed
also Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan
Ives, 394 n. 1
'Iwaz Khan, 380
122, 123
Infanticide, 181
Ingabu, 483
Inheritance as source of revenue, 419
Intermarriage of Hindus and Muslims,
117, 125, 161, 181; forbidden by
Shah Jahan, 217
Intizam-ud-Daula, 436, 444
Inu Mand, 301
Iqbal Khan, 60
Irani party, 319; described, 331; com-
bine with Turanis against Sayyids,
343
Irij, Irichh, see Erachh
Irrigation, see Canals, 201
Irvine, W. , 74 n. 1, 331 n. 1; on Far-
rukh-siyar, 339; on Bangash Pa-
thans, 353 n. 1; on Maratha raids,
399 n. 1; on Muhammad Khan in
Bundelkhand, 402 n. 2; on Baji
Rao's raid, 403 n. 1; on Nizam at
Delhi, 403 n. 2
'Isa Khan Niyazi, 55, 526
'Isa Tarkhan, Mirza, 569
Isfahan, 357
Ishwar Dar Nagar, 304
Iskandar Khan Uzbeg, 71; becomes
Khan 'Alam, 73; 91, 92, 93, 96
Islamabad Chittagong, 237
Islamic law of land revenue, 471
Islam Khan Chishti, 161; his tomb, 544
Islam Khan Rumi, 255
Islampuri = Brahmapuri, 290
Islam Shah (Jalal Khan) Sur, suc-
ceeds Sher Shah, opposes 'Adil
Khan, suspects old nobles, 58; de-
feats Niyazis, procures murder of
Khavass Khan, 59; attacks Gakkh-'
hars, receives Kamran, 60; dies, 61;
his treatment of the Mahdavis, 62;
his character, 64; his tomb, 528; his
fort at Delhi, 531
Islim Shah Islam Shah, 58
Isma‘il (of Ahmadnagar), 138
Isma'ilia sect, 232, 315
Isma‘il Khan Maka, 292
Isma'il Khan Rumi, 562
Isma'il Quli, 85, 86
Isma'il Shah Safavi, 6, 7, 11, 18, 19
9
Jackson, captain, 505
Jadrup, see Chid Rup, 165 n. 1
Jadu Rai, 186, 187
Ja'far Khan, his earlier titles, be-
comes revenue minister of Bengal,
312; becomes deputy governor of
Bengal and viceroy of Orissa, 331,
341; his death, 364
Ja'far Zatalli, 332
Jagad-Guru, 264
Jagannath (town), 139, 140
Jagannath Singh, Raja, 157, 158
Jagat Singh, 145, 200
Jagdalik, 5, 239
Jagdia, 479
jagir, jagirdar, 300; Aurangzib's de-
mand from, 316; see also Assign-
ments
Jahanara, 233
Jahandar Shah (Mu'izz-ud-din),
eldest son of Bahadur Shah, 325;
becomes emperor, his character,
326; dismisses Hasan 'Ali,
from Delhi to Agra, 327; defeated
at Samogarh by Farrukh-siyar,
328-9; murdered at Delhi, 330
Jahangir (prince Salim), his mother,
8, 102; his birth, 102; refuses com-
moves


## p. 657 (#699) ############################################

INDEX
657
Jahangir (Prince Salim) (continued)
mand in Deccan, 144, 145; appointed
governor of Ajmer, 145; fails in
Mewar and proposes
revolt in
Punjab, 146; diverted towards
Bengal and rebels at Allahabad,
147, 148; incites murder of Abu-'l-
Fazl, 149; reconciled to Akbar, his
drunkenness, 150; suicide of his
first wife, and disgrace, 151; his
supporters, 152; acknowledged as
heir to Akbar, 153; his portrait of
his father, 155; his policy on suc-
cession, 156; crushes Khusrav's re-
bellion, his state anxieties, 157; in-
vades Mewar, 158; receives Roe,
162; his intemperance, 163, 164, 167,
169, 180; moves to Mandu, 164, 260;
his pleasure at Khurram's success
in Deccan, 165; visits and dislikes
Gujarat, 166; his delight in Kash-
mir, 167; in failing health, 168; his
sorrow at death of Khusrav, 169;
receives Persian embassies, 170;
seized by Mahabat Khan, 175; his
last illness, 177; death and charac-
ter, 178-82; his treatment of Guru
Arjan, 245; describes Fathpur Sikri,
539; his love of gardens; 548-50;
builds Akbar's tomb, 549; his tomb,
551-2
Jahangiri Mahall, 537, 554
Jahangirnagar, 190
Jahan Khan, 416, 445
Jahan-kusha-i-Nadiri, 361 n. 2
Jahannumabad, 166
Jahan Shah, son of Bahadur Shah,
325; killed resisting Jahandar Shah,
* 326; his son Raushan-Akhtar, Mu-
hammad Shah, 340
Jahanzib Banu, 282, 301
Jahi Singh, 335
Jai Mal, 82, 98
Jaintia, 520
Jaitpur, 353
Jajau, battle of, 320; service of Barha
Sayyids at, 327
Jalalabad (in Afghanistan), 85
Jalalabad (in United Provinces), 322
Jalal Khan (son of Bihar Khan), 46,
48, 49
Jalal Khan (son of Sher Shah), 29,
30, 50; enthroned as Islam Shah q. v.
Jalal-ud-din Bahadur Shah (of Ben-
gal), 73
Jalal-ud-din Miran Shah, 94
Jalal-ud-din, Qazi, 123
Jalal-ud-din (Raushanai), 138, 147
Jalesar (in Etah district), 431
Jaleswar (in Orissa), 367, 368
jalla jalaluhu, 131
Jalna, 186, 380
Jalodhan, 266
Jam, 166
Jamali Masjid, 529, 530
Jamal Khan (I), 45
Jamal Khan (II), 77
James II of England, 500
jamʻi (=caste), 15
Jami' Masjid, at Sambhal, 524; at
Fathpur Sikri, 540, 543-5; at Jaun-
pur, 548; at Delhi, 555, 558-9; at
Agra, 558; at Tatta, 569; at Bija-
pur, 573; at Burhanpur, 575
Jamkhed, 187
Jammu, 246, 323
Jamrud, 5, 247, 319, 358
Jani Beg, Mirza, 137
Janid chief of Transoxiana, 184, 202
Jani Khan, 328
Janjira, attacks Shivaji, 274; occli-
pies Bombay, 309
Janki Ram, Raja, 442
Jankoji Sindia, escapes from Barari
Ghat, 416, 446; marches to Panipat,
418; his place in battle, 422 ard n.
2; in command at Delhi, 445
Jannatabad (Gaur), 30
Janoji Bhonsle, 389, 442
Jari Phatka, 422
Jasvant Singh, Raja (of Marwar),
212, 224, 239; his death, 247; 257,
258, 273
Jatapon, 500
Jats, rebel against Aurangzib; 243;
many becomes Sikhs, 246; acquire
military habits and threaten Agra,
305; join Jahandar Shah, 328; loot
camps, 329; become predatory po-
wer, 336; rebel, quarrel among
9
9
42


## p. 658 (#700) ############################################

658
INDEX
Jats (continued)
themselves and are subdued by
Jay Singh, 348; join Marathas
against Bangash and Rohilla Af-
ghans, 431; defeat Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang,
431-2; disliked by Rajputs, 432;
threatened by Marathas, 436; atta-
cked by Ahmad Shah Abdali, 438-9
jauhar, at Chitor, 98; Jujhar Singh's
in Golconda, 195
Jauhar, Sidi, 257, 273
Jaund, see Chaund, 46 n. 1
Jaunpur, captured by Humayun, 16;
by Afghans, 21; 27; besieged by
Jalal Khan, 30, 31, 32, 50; entrus-
ted to Jamal Khan, 45; 50; besieged
by Afghans, 81; held by Uzbegs,
2
91, 95
em-
Javan Bakht, Mirza, nominal
Jealousy, among officers, 375; be:-
peror, 447 and n. 2
Javid Khan, chief eunuch, his power,
428; opposes Safdar Jang, 430;
murdered, 434
Javli, 257, 269
Jawhar, 259
Jayappa Sindia, against Bangash
Pathans, 415, 431; killed in Rajpu-
tana, 415; against Jats, 436
Jay Chand, Raja (of Kangra), 103
Jay Singh, Maharana (of Mewar),
250, 252
Jay Singh, Raja (of Amber), sent
against Shah Shuja', 211; defeats
him, 212; pursues Dara, 227; his
death, 247, 255, 273; his campaigns
against Bijapur and Shivaji, 253,
258, 273; 254-5; persuades Shivaji
to visit Agra, 258
Jay Singh Sawai, Raja (of Amber),
at siege of Khelna, 298; aids Bidar
Bakht in Malwa, 313; leaves A'zam
at Jajau, 320; revolts against Baha-
dur Shah and pardoned, 321-2;
becomes viceroy of Malwa, 331, 402;
attacks Churaman Jat, but recalled,
336; 338; favours Nikusiyar, 340;
346; becomes viceroy of Agra and
subdues Jats, 348; fails in Malwa,
354; dies, his friendship with Pesh-
wa, 368, 398
ween Marathas and Brahmans, 382,
412
Jesuits, first mission at Fathpur Sikri,
124; its difficulties, 128; recall, 129;
second mission, 139, 141; third, 141;
cemetery at Agra, 152; their descri-
ption of Akbar, 154; educate two
nephews of Jahangir, 182
Jew's, 240
Jhajar Khan, 100
Jhala (Rajputs), 116
Jhalor, 304
Jhansi captured, 195
Jharkhand, 30
Jhilwara, 250
jihad, 240
Jija Bai, 401
Jiji Anaga, 74
Jinji, see Gingee
Jivan, Malik, 227
jizya, abolished by Akbar, 87, 450;
defined, 241; reimposed by Aurang-
zib, 242, 247, 450; demanded from
Mewar, 248; relinquished, 252; 315;
abolished by Farrukhsiyar, 330; but
re-imposed, 337; levied but not
continued by Muhammad Shah,
346, who declines to levy it, 319;
yield not recorded, 450
Jnaneshvar, 426
Jodh Bai, palace of, 541-2
Jodhpur, 321, 333; palace-fortress at,
548; see also Marwar
Jogigupha, 234
Jogis, 95
Jones, 493 n. 1
Jotana, 104
Jujhar Singh (of Orchha), succeeds
Bir Singh Deo and rebels, 184;
poisons his brother, 185; 189; serves
in Deccan, 194; invades Gondwana,
murdered, 195, 197; 200
Julius Caesar, 19
Jullundur, 11, 67; Bairam Khan de-
feated at, 78; attacked by Adira
Beg Khan, 445
Jullundur Duab, 322-3
Jumna (Western) canals, 201
Junaid Barlas, 28, 47


## p. 659 (#701) ############################################

INDEX
659
Junaid Kararani, 112, 114
Junaid Khan, 65
Junair, see Junnar
Junkceylon, 519
Junnar, 194, 198, 210, 257, 379
Jwalamukhi, 168
Kabul, 4; taken by Babur, 5, 9, 12,
21; taken by Humayun from Kam-
ran, who recovers and again loses
it, 41; again occupied for short time
by Kamran, 42; besieged by Sulai-
man, 71; misgoverned by Muham-
mad Hakim, 85; visited by Akbar,
128; by Jahangir, 158, 175; by Shah
Jahan, 202; a barren possession (in
1707), 316; taken by Nadir Shah,
357; province of annexed by Nadir
Shah, 362; land revenue of, 464
Kachins, 508
Kadus, 508
Kahalgaon, 29, 30
Kahmard, 5, 203
Kaliwa, 98
Kaingsa Manu, 497, 509
Kajali, 234
Kakrali, 89
Kalanaur, 69, 335
kalima, 230, 477
Kalima Shah, king of Arakan, 477
Kalinjar, 21; siege of, by Sher Shah,
55, 58; captured by Majnun Khan,
101; by Chhatra Sal, 313
Kaliya Dih, 171
Kalpi, 34, 51
Kalyan, 257, 267, 268, 282, 295; re-
sidence of Mu'tabar Khan, 296
Kalyani, taken by Aurangzib, 209,
271; 267
Kalyani thein, 490
Kalyan Mal, Raja, 102
Kamal Khan, 86
Kaman, 482
kamavishdars, 300
Kam Bakhsh, 246; at siege of Gin-
gee, intrigues with Raja Ram and
imprisoned, 292-3; opposed by
A'zam, sent to Bijapur, 301-2,
claims succession to Aurangzib,
320; crowned at Bijapur but de-
feated and killed, 321; his grand-
daughter marries Nadir Shah's son,
362; his grandson becomes emperor
as Shah Jahan III, 444
Kamil Khan, 238
Kamlavati, 88
Kampat, see Kantit
Kampengpet, 484, 488
Kamran, 12; appointed to govern
Punjab, Kabul and Qandahar, 21;
his ambitions, 22; enters Hindus-
tan, 32; declines to help Humayun,
33; returns to Punjab, 34; 35; re-
turns to Kabul, 36, 51; assumes
royalty, 40; expelled by Humayun
from Kabul, but recovers and loses
it, 41; reconciled to Humayun, but
again rebels, occupies Kabul and is
expelled, 42; takes refuge in India,
surrendered to Humayun, is blind-
ed and exiled to Mecca, 43, 60, 61
Kamrup, 233, 236
Kanara, 290
Kanarese country, invaded by Mara-
thas, 379; Asaf Jah opposed in, 380;
sce also Mysore
Kanauj, 15; taken by Afghans, 16,
27, 34; battle near, 35, 51; fort built
by Sher Shah, 57
Kanburi, 484
Kandhar, 188, 197, 260, 366
Kandy, 489
Kangra, conquered for Jahangir,
167-8; visited and temple desecra-
ted by him, 169; rebellion in sub-
dued by Murad, 200; see also
Nagarkot
Kanhoji Angria, admiral, revolts in
Konkan, 393; reconciled as ally,
394, 404
Kanthaji Kadam Bhande, 350, 398
Kantit, 172
Kapadvanj, 351
Kara, Kara-Manikpur, 47, 327
Karamnasa, 31, 33
Karanja, 297
Karan, Rao (of Bikaner), 230
Karan Singh (of Mewar), 158
Karapa pass, 239


## p. 660 (#702) ############################################

660
INDEX
Karnal, Muhammad Shan awaits
Nadir Shah at, 359; defeated in
battle near, 360; 364
karnam, 452 n. 1
Karori, 461, 463
Karwar, 275, 279
Kasar ghat, 381, 383
Kashan, 220, 232, 560, 561
Kashghar, 19, 36, 229
Kashi (tiles), 560
Kashmir, 36; taken by Mirza Haider,
37; 60, 120; Akbar's first interfer-
ence in, 124; invaded and annexed
by Akbar, 135, 136; first visit by
Akbar, 138; high assessment of
causes rebellion, 140; Akbar re-
duces land revenue in, 143; visited
and described by Jahangir, 167;
'Ali Mardan becomes governor of,
199; Shah Jahan's last visit to, 206;
gardens and buildings in, 220; visi-
ted by Aurangzib, 228; land reve-
nue of, 464
Kasi (Kashi) Raj, Pandit, 419 n. 2,
420 n. 1, 421
Katehr Rohilkhand, 369 and n. 1
Kathe (Shans), 509
Kathis, 315
Katwa, 367, 441
Kaunghmadaw, 497, 502
Kaungton, 516, 517
Kauravas, 95
Kaveripak, 292
Kavi Jang, 412
Kavi-Kalash, 283, 284
Kawgun, 512
Kelat-i-Ghilzai, 205
Kenghung, 516
Kengtung, 516
Keshav Dev, 242
Khafi Khan on Maratha warfare, 300
Kaibar, see Khyber
Khairabad, battle with Uzbegs at, 93
Khajuha, Aurangzib defeats Shah
Shuja' at , 224; 247; Farrukh-siyar
Khan 'Alam killed at Jajau, 320
Khan 'Alam (Iskandar Khan Uzbeg),
73
Khan A'zam (Mirza 'Aziz · Kuka),
foster-brother of Akbar, 74; gov-
erns Gujarat, 106; besieged by
Mirzas, 108; fails to observe brand-
ing regulation, 110; sent against
Bengal, 126; visits Agra, 128; rejects
Divine Faith and flies to Mecca,
131; 132; raids Berar, 137; his re-
turn from Mecca, 141; partisan of
Khusrav, 152; forgiven and sent to
Deccan, 159; transferred to Mewar
and in disfavour, 161
khandani or chauth, 259
Khan Dauran (Khvaja 'Asim, q. v. ),
330, 331, 334, 345, 348, 351; becomes
minister, 352; visits Malwa, 354;
marches towards Ajmer, 355; his
jealousy of other officials, 356; no-
minated to oppose Nadir Shah, 358;
attacks with Burhan-ul-Mulk, 359;
wounded and dies, 360; his property
confiscated, 362; as viceroy of Ben-
gal, 364
Khan Dauran (Nasiri Khan), rescues
Mahabat Khan, 194; besieged in
Daulatabad, governor of Payan-
ghat, 266; invades Bijapur, 267, 268
Khan Dauran, a title of Nizam-ul-
Mulk, 377
Khan Dauran (Shah Beg Khan,
Arghun), 141
Khande Rao (temple), 241
Khande Rao Dabhade, goes to Delhi
with Husain 'Ali, 338, 395;
Senapati, 398; fights at Balapur,
defeats 'Azz-ud-din at, 327
Khalil-ullah (Sayyid), 239
Khalil-ullah (Yazdi), 213
Khalsa, khalisa, 246, 456; see also
Crown lands
399; death of, 401; his widow, 411
Khande Rao Holkar, 432, 436
Khandesh invaded by Pir Muhammad
Khan, 82; submits to Akbar, 117;
137, 138; envoy sent to, 139; Abu-l-
Fazl appointed governor of, 146;
annexed by Akbar and re-named
Dandesh, 148; raided by Shivaji,
259; by Moro Pant, 278; desolated,
313; invaded by Nizam-ul-Mulk,
343; a bar between Marathas and
Malwa, 379; raided by Marathas,
as


## p. 661 (#703) ############################################

INDEX
661
Khandesh (continued)
383; ceded to Marathas, 388; land
revenue of, 464; buildings in, 575-6
Khandirao, 116
Khandwa, battle at between Nizam-
ul-Mulk and Sayyids, 343
Khan Jahan (‘Ali Murad, q. v. )
Khan Jahan (Husain Quli Khan),
100, 108; transferred from Punjab
to Bengal, 115; defeats Daud, 116;
death, 121
Khan Jahan (Malik Husain or Baha-
dur Khan, q. v. ), 259 n. 1. chases
Marathas, 282; at final siege of
Bijapur, 285; 306
Khan Jahan (Pir Khan Lodi), sert
to Deccan, 159, 160, 263; bribed by
Ahmadnagar, 176, 265; 177; opposed
to Shah Jahan, 183; rebels, but for-
given, 184; rebels again, 185; helped
by Ahmadnagar, 186; attempts
escape to Punjab, 187; killed in
battle, 188
Khan Jahan, Sayyid, of Barha, 331
Khan Jahan (Shayista Khan, q. v. ),
208
Khan Kalan (Mir Muhammad
Khan), “foster-uncle" of Akbar,
74; sent against Gakkhars, 86; op-
poses
Muhammad Hakim,
transferred from Lahore to Sam-
bhal, 100; sent against Gujarat,
103; wounded, 104
Khan Khanan (‘Abdur-Rahim), 20,
78; gains victories in Gujarat, 133;
becomes governor of Multan and
reduces Sind, 137; adviser to Dani-
yal, 141; to invade Ahmadnagar,
142; fights in Deccan, 143; joins
Daniyal in Deccan, 145; executes
servants who supplied drink to
Daniyal, 151; appointed prime mi-
nister, 157; fails in Deccan and re-
called, 159, 260; sides with Shah
Jahan, 171; abandons him, 172;
forgiven by Jahangir, 173; 263; his
tomb, 552, 562
Khan Khanan (Asaf Khan, q. v. ), 194
Khan Khanan (Bairam Khan, q. v. ),
Khan Khanan (Dilawar Khan), 11
Khan Khanan (Mahabat Khan, q. v. ),
194
Khan Khanan (Mun‘im Khan), 78, 84
Khan Mirza, 8
Khanua, 12, 16; battle of, 17, 49
Khanum Sultan, 102
Khanzada Begam, 7
Khanzada Muhammad, 85
Khan Zaman (‘Ali Quli Khan, q. v. ),
receives title, 73; his immorality,
75; defeats Ibrahim Sur, 77; his
early support of Akbar, 78; defeats
Afghans but retains spoil, 81; re-
pels Afghan invasion, 90; rebels
with Uzbegs, 91-3; pardoned by
Akbar, 93; ill-treats Asaf Khan, 94;
rebels again, 95-6; killed in battle
96; his family pride, 97
Khan Zaman (Aman-ullah, son of
Mahabat Khan), as deputy for
Mahabat Khan, 185; defeats Ran-
dola Khan, 192; unsuccessful aga-
inst Bijapur and recalled, 194;
campaigns against Marathas, 197-8,
267; governor of Balaghat, 166
Khapush, 239
Kharda, 427
Kharepatan, 257
Khargon, 383
Khas M all, 554, 561
Khas Paga, 402, 417
Khatav, 393
Khattaks, 200, 238
Khavass Khan (Abyssinian), 255
Khavass Khan (Afghan), 37, 50, 53,
55; supports 'Adil Khan and flies to
hills, 58; assassinated, 59; religious
views, 62
Khavass Khan (Daulat of Bijapur),
188, 190; supreme in Bijapur, 195,
274; but murdered, 196, 275
Khavasspur (Deccan), 297
Khavasspur (Rajputana), 62
Khavasspur Tanda, 45, 46
Khed, 298
Khelna (Vishalgarh, q. v. ), 296, 298
Kherla, 137, 314
Khirki, demolished by Shah Jahan,
169, 262, 265; becomes residence of
94;


## p. 662 (#704) ############################################

662
INDEX
Khirki (continued)
Aurangzib and re-named Auran-
gabad, 269; see also Aurangabad
Khiva, 4, 5, 202, 229
Khizr Khan, 9
Khizr Khan Sur becomes Jalal-ul-din
Bahadur Shah of Bengal, 73
Khizr Khvaja Khan, 71, 73
Khojas, 315
Khudabad, 570
Khuda Bakhsh Library, 150
Khudaganj, 430
Khuldabad, 302
Khuld-makan, 302
Khumbat, 509
Khurasan taken by Mahmud Khan,
357
Khurram (Shah Jahan), occupies
Mewar, 161; grants illiberal trading
terms to English, 162; grants bet-
ter terms, his faction at court,
marries Arjumand Banu (Mumtaz
Mahall), 163; obtains charge of
Khusrav, sent to Deccan, 164, 260;
settles affairs of Deccan and re-
ceives title of Shah Jahan (q. v. ),
165, 261
Khushab, 37
Khush-hal Khan, 238, 240
Khusrav, prince, favoured by Akbar
as heir, 150; his partisans, 152; es-
capes from Agra, 156; his rebellion
crushed, 157; 181-2; blinded owing
to fresh plot, 158; personated in
Bihar, 160; his attitude to his father,
161; in danger of his life, 164; de-
clines a second marriage, 165; his
popularity, placed in charge of
Shah Jahan, 168; his death, 169-70;
his sons executed, 183; 216; blessed
by Guru Arjan, 245
Khusrav Shah Qipchag, 3, 4, 17
khutba, 51, 66, 95, 99, 104; recited by
Akbar, 121; 126, 136, 139, 140; in
Shah Jahan's name at Golconda,
197, 266; Shiah innovation by Ba-
hadur Shah in, 324; in Nadir Shah's
name at Delhi, 361; and at Murshi-
dabad, 364
Khvaja Ahrar, 20
Khvaja Anwar, 312
Khvaja 'Asim (Samsam-ud-Daula,
Khan Dauran, q. v. ), 330, 331, 337
Khvaja Beg, 159
Khvaja Jahan, 92, 96
Khvaja Kilan, 12, 14, 15
Khvaja Mu'azzam, 68
Khwabgah, 555
Khwarizm, see Khiva
Khyber Pass, 5; tribes near, 134; in
charge of Afridis and Orakzais,
137; Aurangzib's operations against
238-40, 259; Nadir Shah resisted in,
358
Kidd, William, 310
Kincaid and Parasnis, 392 n. 3, 393,
403 n. 1, 404 n, 1, 405 n. 1, 410
King Island, 500
King-makers, 327, 399
Kinyua, 511
Kiratpur, 245
Kirat Singh, 55, 58
Kirkee, 426
Kishan Singh, 177
Kishtwar, 167
Koch, fight Ahoms and defeated by
Mughuls, 200
Kohat, 5, 10
Koh-i-Nur, 13
Kokaltash Khan, 328, 329
Kol, 32; modern 'Aligarh, 429; 431
Kolaba, 404
Kolar, 279
Kolhapur, taken by Khan Zaman,
198, 267; residence of Shambhuji,
380; name of party supporting
Shambhuji, 393; party defeated,
401
Koli country, 259
Kolis, 315
Konbaungset, 506 n. 1, 507 nn. 1 and
2, 509 n. 2, 510 n. 1, 511 n. 2, 513 p.
1, 514 n. 1, 517 n. 1
Kondhana (later Sinhgarh, q. v. ), held
by Shahji, 267; secured by Shivaji,
268
Konkan, held by Marathas, 194; to be
held by Bijapur, 196; cleared of
Marathas, 198; occupied by Shivaji,
257; formerly held by Bijapur, 267;


## p. 663 (#705) ############################################

INDEX
663
>
Konkan (continued)
Shivaji in, 273; defined, 279; in-
vaded by Hasan 'Ali Khan, 282:
raided by Shah Alam, 283; Mu'ta-
bar Khan in, 295-6; Maratha cam-
paign against Portuguese in, 356,
404-6; Kanhoji Angria's revolt in,
393; 394
Konkanastha (Brahman), 393
Koppal, 278, 279
Kora, 224
Koran, oath on supposed, 365
Kosaungchok, 490
Kot Mirza Jan, 335
Krishna Ram, Raja, 311
Krishna Rao, 393
Krishna Savant, 295, 313
Kuch Bihar, see Cooch Behar
Kuch Hajo, 233
Kul-i-Malik, 7
kulkarni, 452 n. 1
Kuloosha, see Kavi-Kalash
Kumari Dula (or Sahib Dei), 336
Kumaun, 58, 59; enmity with Garl-
wal, 207
Kumbhalgarh, 98, 250
Kunjpura, 419, 447
Kurnool, 387
Kurukshetra, 95
Kusa, 98
Kyaikpadaing, 507
Kuyaiktiyo, 490
Kyaukmyaung, 512
Kyaukse, 482; settled by prisoners,
496; held by Chinese, 498; occupied
by Talaings, 503; granary, 513
Kyaw Dun, 487 n. 2
Nadir Shah, 358; captured by Ma-
rathas, 416, 445; Akbar's fort at,
538; buildings in fort, 555; archi-
tectural style at, 559-61
Lakhau, 234, 235
Lakhola, 98
Lakkaredi-palli, 387
Lakshmi Narayan, 233
La'l Das, Baba, 217 n. 2
La‘l Kumari, 326, 328, 329
Lally, 390, 412
Lal Singh (Khichi), 306
Lal Tikri, 299
Landholders, 472, 473
Land revenue, Sher Shah's system,
56, 456-8; revised in Gujarat, con-
version of assignments to crown
lands, 109, 461; Todar Mal's sche.
me, 110, 459; excessive in Kashmir,
140; reduced by Akbar, 143; asses-
sed by Shah Shuja' in Bengal, by
Murshid Quli Khan in Deccan, 213,
468; additions to, 231; yield in Gu-
jarat under Aurangzib, 242, total
under Aurangzib, 316; collections
of leased by Ratan Chand, 337; of
Deccan under Asaf Jah, 378; im-
portance of to state, 385; falls in
Deccan 1725-85, 386 n. 1; Balaji
Peshwa's scheme for, 396, Maratha
methods of collecting, 398; impro-
ved by Balaji, 414; included salt,
450; receipts under Akbar and
Shah Jahan, 450; assessment of,
452-6; under Sher Shah, 456-8;
under Akbar, 458-61; remissions
of, 461; alienations of, 465; under
Jahangir, 466-7; under Shah Ja-
han, 467-8; under Aurangzib, 463-
72; distribution of, 470; Thalun's
assessment of, 497
lang, 14
Langahs, 53, 54
Langlès, 561
languta, 14
Lao Shan, 487, 488, 515
Lashio, 516, 517
Lashkari, 86
lashkar-khez, 315
Launay, 500 n. 1
Lac, 501
Lachhmana, 390
Lachman Singh (Baghel), 201
Lachmi Narayan (of Cooch Behar),
144
Lacquer, 487
Ladli Begam, 168
Lahore, captured by Babur,
11;
Akbar's sport at, 95; Shah Jahan's
first visit as emperor to, 194;
threatened by Sikhs, 322; Bahadur
Shah's death at, 324; occupied by


## p. 664 (#706) ############################################

664
INDEX
Launggyet, 476, 477
Laurie, 514 n. 1
Lavine, 509
Law, M. , 389
Lawani, 89
Lawbooks of Mahapinnyakyaw, 478
Lawksawk, 487
Lead, 317
Leedes, 135, 151
Lemyethna, 478
Lettres et conventions, 388 n. 1, 389
Letwethandara, 508, 513
Lischoten, 489 n. 2, 502 n. 1
Linzin, see Viengchang 486
Literature, Babur's poems, 20; Jahan-
gir's love of, 180; during Shah
Jahan's reign, 220; of the Marathas,
426-7; of Talaings and Burmese,
508
Lodi, tombs, 527, 532, 535; domes, 541,
561, 576
Lohagarh, 393
Lohani tribe, 47, 48
Lohar Chakk, 124
Lohgarh, 323, 324, 335
Lokamyu, 480
Lonavla, 394
Lon Karan, Rai, 115
Louis XIV of France, 500
Luard, C. E. , 562
Lucknow, 49; attacked by Bangash
Afghans, 430
Lunhse, 505
Lutf-ullah Khan Sadiq, 334
Madras Consultations, 384 n. 1
Magh Raja, 226
Maghs, 191; as pirates, 236-7; 479;
driven out of Sandwip, 481
Mahabat Khan (Luhrasp), 239, 253,
259
Mahabat Khan (Mir Ibrahim), 305
Mahabat Khan (Zamana Beg), 156;
sent against Mewar, 158; sent to
Deccan, 159; out of favour, 164;
defeats Shah Jahan at Bilochpur,
171; and at Damdama, 172-3; seizes
Jahangir, 174-5; his influence fades,
175-6; joins Shah Jahan, 177; sup-
ports his succession, 183; on fron-
tier and in Bundelkhand, 184; ap-
pointed to Deccan, 190, 265; besie-
ges Daulatabad, 192; captures it,
193, 265; his title of Khan Khanan
and death, 194
Mahabharata, 133
Mahad, 257
Mahadammayaza-dipati, king of
Burma, 502
Mahadev hills, 294, 295
Mahadji Sindia, 425, 448
Mahagiri, 487
Maham Anaga, Akbar's nurse, 75; in
"harem party", 77; intercedes for
Adham Khan, 80; incensed at Atga
Khan's appointment as mi 81;
dies of grief, 83-4
Mahamuni, 476
Mahananda, 226
Mahananda lake, 509
Mahanawrahta, 514, 515
Mahapinnyakyaw, 478
Maharashtra, 281; attacked by Auran-
gzib, 282-3; Maratha organisation
in, 291; Mughuls on defensive ja,
296; invaded by Nizam, 380; by
Salabat Jang, 387; by Nizam 'Ali,
391
Maha Singh, 145, 146
Mahasiri-uttamajaya, 509
Mahathihathura, 517, 518, 520, 521
Mahazedi, 489, 490
Mah Chuchak Begam, 85
Mahdi claimants, 61, 62, 114
Maasir-ul-uimara, 388
Macaulay, 364 n. 2
Machhi Bhawan, 554, 567
Machiavelli, 19
Machiwara, 78, 127, 372
Mc od, 517 n. 1
madad-i-ma'ash, 465
Madagascar, 310
Madanna, 274, 276, 286, 287
Madaya, 503, 505
Madhukar Sah, 117
Madras, Fort St George founded at,
306; President and Council estab-
lished at, and Bengal subordinate
to, 307


## p. 665 (#707) ############################################

INDEX
665
Mahdi Khvaja, with Babur at Pani-
pat, 12-13; governor of Bayana, 16;
at battle of Khanua, 17; a possible
successor to Babur, 18, 21 n. 1
Mahdi Qasim Khan, 93, 94
Mahi, 26
Mahim, 5
Mahipati, 427
Mahmud, son of Abu Sa'id Khan, 3
Mahmud, son of Yunus Khan, 4
Mahmud (of Bengal), defeated by
Sher Khan, flies to Humayun, 29,
50; death, 30; invades Bihar, but is
defeated, 48
Mahmud of Ghazni, 14, 168
Mahmud III (of Gujarat), 52
Mahmud Bigara, Sultan (of Gujarat),
437
Mahmud Khalji, 9, 16
Mahmud Khan Bangash plunders
Oudh, 430
Mahmud Khan Ghilzai, 357
Mahmud Khan (Sayyid of Barha), 74,
war, 365; collects tribute in Malwa,
398; at siege of Bassein, 405-6; ag-
ainst Bangash Pathans, 415, 431;
against Jats and called to Delhi,
415, 434, 436, 439; 416; joins Sada-
shiv Rao, 418; at Panipat, 421, 422
and n. 2; withdraws, 425; raids in
Duab, 446; keeps Malwa, 448
Malik 'Ambar, rises in importance,
148; consolidates Deccan states, 157,
260; employs Marathas and defies
Mughuls, 159, 160, 166; again raises
trouble, 168, 261; makes terms with
Shah Jahan, 169, 262; declines to
help him in rebellion, 172; attacks
Bijapur, 173, 262; his death and
character, 176, 263; exacts subsidy
from Golconda, 262; his land reve-
nue, 396
105
Mahmud Khan, grandson of Sher
Shah, 54
Mahmud Lodi, 16, 17, 21, 47, 49
Mahmud Sultan, 94
Mahtab Bagh, 566
Mahuli, 257
Mahur, 275, 383
Mahyarji Rana, Dastur, 107, 121
Mairtia clan, 248
Majnun Khan Qaqshal, fights Afghans
near Jaunpur, 81; holds Manikpur
against Uzbegs, 91; joins Akbar, 92;
at Kara Manikpur, 94; in operations
against Uzbegs, 96-6; takes Kalin-
jar, 101
Makhdum-ul-Mulk, 62, 63, 120, 122,
129
Makrana marble, 553, 565
Malacca, 489, 500, 501
Malandarai, 135
Malcolm, 402 n. 3, 415 n. 2
Maldeo Raja, 39, 54, 55, 102
Malhar Rao Holkar, ravages Malwa,
353-4, 402; besieges Bhadawar and
repulsed by Burhan-ul-Mulk, 356,
403; his headquarters at Mahesh-
Malik-i-Maidan, 265
Malkapur, 194
Malkhed, 255, 286
Mallu Qadir Khan (or Shah), 23, 24;
recovers Malwa, 27, 51; submits to
Sher Shah, 52
Malot, 12
Malpura, 303
Malwa, occupied by Humayun, 24;
lost to Mallu Khan, 27, 51; invaded
by Sher Shah, 52; abortive Mughul
expedition against, 79; taken by
Mughuls, 79; recovered by
Baz Bahadur but lost by him,
82; Mirzas expelled from, 97; royal
buildings of, 165; Bhils rebel in,
192; Gonds and Bhils rebel in, 201;
plundered by Bundelas, 306; its im-
portance to Mughuls, 312; Marathas
first raid in, 313; raided by Bakht
Buland, 314; governed by Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 341-2; raided by Marathas,
349; by Malhar Rao, 353-4; Muham-
mad Khan and Jay Singh fail to
rule, 354, 402; ‘Azim-ullah's failure
in, 366; ceded to Peshwa with prince
Ahmad as deputy, 368; 398; land
revenue of, 464
Mana, 116
Manaji Angria, 406


## p. 666 (#708) ############################################

663
INDEX
>
on
Manchu dynasty, 497, 499; contin-
command in Deccan, 159, 160
Man Singh, Raja (Tonwar), his
palaces at Gwalior, 537, 560
Manu, 509
Manucci, on intemperance, 231; on
treatment of Shah Jahan by Au-
rangzib, 232; on jizya, 242; on rights
of 'Ali 'Adil Shah II, 271; on deso-
lation in Deccan, 300; on Maratha
troops, 301; death of Shah
gents, 516, 517
Mandal, 252
Mandrawar, 6, 10, 238
Mandrel, 23
Mandu, 23; description of, taken by
Humayun, 24; 26; recovered by
Mallu Khan, 27, 51; 57, 83; visited
by Jahangir, 165; threatened by
Malik 'Ambar, 261; 342
Mangali (gate), 286
Mangalvide, 284
Mangarwal, 96 n. 1
Mangrul, 380
Manikpur, 27, 47, 91, 92
Manipur, annexed by Bayinnaung,
486; independent and raids Burma,
502; invaded by Alaungpaya, 509;
raided by Hsinbyushin, 512; pri-
soners executed at Ava, 513; raided
by Burmese, 518, 520
Mankot, 73, 75
Mankuwar, 96 n. 1
Mannu, Mir, popular name of Mu'in-
ul-Mulk (q. v. )
Manrique, 191 n. 2, 192 n. 1, 202 n. 1;
on enervation of Mughuls, 204 n. 1;
his success on behalf of Christia-
nity, 218; on population of Mron-
aung, 477 n. 2; on coronation sacri-
fices in Arakan, 479 n. 4; on archi-
tect of Taj Mahall, 561-2
mansabdars (officers), 110, 300; num-
ber of Aurangzib's, 316
Man Singh, Raja (Kachhwaha), en-
ters Akbar's service, 81; in Gujarat,
104; invades Mewar, 115, 116; his
reluctance to crush the Rana, 117;
sent to Kabul, 127; rejects “Divine
Faith", 131; sent against Kabul, 134;
defeats Raushanais, 136; unpopular
at Kabul, 137; transferred to Bihar,
138; crushes rebellion in Bengal,
139; in Orissa, 140; in Bengal and
Orissa, 143; as guardian of Saliin
(Jahangir), 145; urges Salim to re-
bel in Bengal, 147; alienated from
Salim, 151; favours Khusrav, 152;
leaves Agra for Bengal, 156; re-
moved from office, 157; named to
Shuja', 481 n. 1
Manu Kye, 509
Manu ing dhammathat, 508
Manusarashwemin, 497
maqsura, 545
Marahra, 430
Maratha ditch, 408
Marathas, employed by Malik 'Ambar,
159, 166, 261, 262; harass Man Singh,
160; realise their own strength, 166.
employed by Shah Jahan in rebel-
lion, 171; alienated by Ahmadnagar,
186; join Shah Jahan, 187; hold
Konkan and Poona, 194; their posi-
sion threatened by Shah Jahan, ! 96:
come to terms, 197-8; rise under
Shivaji, 210, 256; their debt to
Shivaji, 279; their annual plunder-
ing expeditions, 281; attacked by
Aurangzib, 282; their power depres-
sed, 283; apparently crushed, 284;
trouble Aurangzib, though without
central ruler, 290; their recovery
and leaders, 291; lose Gingee, 293;
their success in western India, 293-
4; civil war between Santaji anci
Dhana, 295; their methods of war-
fare, 299-300; masters of Deccan,
300; invade Gujarat, 304, 315; their
first raid in Malwa, 313; accompany
Husain 'Ali to Delhi, 338; fight in
the city, 339; encouraged by Nizam-
ul-Mulk to raid north of Narbada,
347, 349; in Malwa and Gujarat,
349; in Gujarat, 350; expelled from
Gujarat, 351; return there, 353;
ravage Malwa and take Hindaun,
354; administration weakens at
death of Baji Rao, 365; invade Ben-
gal, 367; their contests with Nasir


## p. 667 (#709) ############################################

667
Maung Maung, king of Burma, 521-2
Mauryas, 556
Mausoleum, see Tombs
Mavji, P. V. , 395 n. 3
Mayurbhanj, 367
Mazandaran, 357
Meadows Taylor, 293 n. 2
Measurement, 454, 457, 458, 468
Mecca, Shah Jahan sends presents to,
19; Aurangzib receives embassies
from, 229; pilgrim traffic to, 303,
310
Medallions, 476, 477, 478, 480
Medina, 219
Medini Rai, 17
Medinipur, see Midnapore
Memoirs (of Babur), detail his ex-
peditions, 10 n. 1; describe India,
14-16; an auto-biography 19-20; a
rebuke to Humayun, 43; critical of
Indian buildings, 523, of Babur's
own mosque at Agra, 524
Memoirs (of Jahangir), 161; their
description of Kashmir, 167; admit
his intemperance, 169; on Persian
embassy, 170; discontinued, 174;
their value, 178; 180 n. 2; 217 n. 2
Menezes, Pedro de, 129
Mergui, 500, 501
Merta, surrendered to Akbar, 82, 99;
assigned to Ajit Singh, 304; occu-
pied by Mihrab Khan, 321; 333
Meshed, 7
Messianic propaganda, 61, 62
Methwold, 219
Mewar, 55, 59; occupied by Akbar, 99;
again attacked, 115, 116; Jahangir
(as prince) omits to attack, 146;
sends Parviz to invade, 158; failure
of Raja Basu against, 160; subdued
by Khurram, 161; attacked by Au-
rangzib, 248-9; terms of peace with
Aurangzib, 252; in revolt against
Bahadur Shah, 321
Mewat, 15, 17, 58; ravaged by Ra-
INDEX
Marathas (continued)
Jang, 383; their kings mere puppets
after 1749, 411; their increasing
luxury, 413; their system of govern-
ment, 414; their raids, 415; called to
Delhi by Ghazi-ud-din, 415, 439; in
Rajputana, 415-16; capture Lahore,
their power at zenith, 416, 445;
fail at Panipat, 422-4, 448; their
losses, 425; called against Bangas! )
Pathans, 431
Marghub, 15
Marhamat Khan, 342
Martaban, sacked, 483; 486; great
port, 491; burnt by Talaings, 498;
Talaings kill Burmese at, 503; sends
tribute to Alaungpaya, 510
Ma'ruf Farmuli, 15, 16
Marv, 7
Marwar, 39, 55; annexed by Aurang-
zib, 228, 247-8; but disturbed by
war, 302; recovered by Ajit Singhi,
303; dissensions in, 304; revolts
against Bahadur Shah, 321; sub-
dued by Husain 'Ali, 333
masands, 244, 245
masnad-i-aóla, 244
Mason, 509, n. 1
Massacre of Kinsmen, 480
Massignon, L. , 217 n. 2
Mastani, 407
Mas'ud of Ghazni, 64
Mas'ud Husain Mirza, 94, 106, 103
Mas'ud Khan, Sidi (of Bijapur), raids
Mughul territory, 254; becomes mi-
nister in Bijapur, 255; combines
with Shivaji, 256; makes fresh pact
with Shivaji, 259, 278; his recon-
ciliation with 'Abdul-Karim Khan,
277; resigns office, 284; helps to
defend Bijapur, 285; 290
Masulipatam, English at, 172, 306
Ma'sum Khan, Farankhudi, 126, 127,
128
Ma'sum Khan Kabuli, 126, 132
Mata Sundari, 335
Mathura, see Muttra
Mathurapur, 234, 235
Matiaburuj, 308
Maungdaung sayadaw, 513
thors, 303; 322
Meza hill, 513
Mezataungche, 513
Mian Mir, 227
Middleton, 162


## p. 668 (#710) ############################################

668
INDEX
Dacca and Patna, 330; becomes
viceroy of Bengal, 331; advices
Farrukh-siyar to murder oppo-
nents, 332; sets him against the
Sayyid brothers, 333; continues to
intrigue and transferred to Bihar,
334; returns to Delhi and sent to
Lahore, 336; returns and joins
Sayyids, 337
Mir Malang, 301
Mir Muhammad Khan becomes Khan
Kalan, 74
Mir Vais, 357
Mirza Haidar Dughlat, cousin of Ba-
bur, author of Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3,
18, 19, 20; joins Humayun, 34; at
battle near Kanauj, 35; proposes
conquest of Kashmir, 36; seizes
Kashmir, 37; quarrels with Chakks,
60
see
Mirza Khan, 6
Mirza Khan,
Khan Khanan
(“Abdur-Rahim), 78
Mirzas (the) = Timurid princes, 1;
Midnapore, 112, 140, 441, 442, 443
mihrab, 530-1, 545, 573, 574
Mihrab Khan, 321
Mihr 'Ali, 118
Mihr 'Ali Beg Silduz, 79
Mihr-un-Nisa, see Nur Jahan, 163
Mihtar Mahall, 571-2
Mildenhall, 151, 152
milk (domain), 465
Milwat, see Malot
Minbin, king of Arakan, 4
Ming dynasty, 497
Mingalamanaung, 480
Mingjui, 517
Minhkamaung, king of Arakan, 478
Minhkaungnawratha, 511, 512
minlaung (pretenders), 503, 505
Minrazagyi, king of Arakan, 478
Minredeippa, king of Burma, murders
father, 495; elected king but exe-
cuted, 496
Minrekyawdin, king of Burma, 499
Mints, reform of by Akbar, 119; as
source of revenue, 449; see also
Coins
Minyeyaza, 521
Miraj, 190, 193, 265, 267, 274
Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, 532
Mirak Rizavi (Rizavi Khan), 97
Mir 'Ali Khalifa, 12, 18, 47
Miran Mubarak Shah I, 575
Mir Habib, invites Marathas to Ben-
gal, 367; 442, 443
Miriam's house, 542
Mir Ja'far (Mir Muhammad Ja'far
Khan), governor of Orissa, 442
Mir Jumla (Muhammad Sa'id, Mir),
minister of Golconda, disputes with
king, 207, 269; joins Mughuls and
becomes Shah Jahan's minister with
title Mu'azzam Khan, 208, 270; in
command against Bijapur, 209, 271;
dismissed by Dara, 211, 272; sup-
ports indigo monopoly, 218; at
battle of Khajuha, 224; pursues
Dara, 225; drives him from Bengal,
226; his campaign in Assam, 234-
5; dies, 235; 236
Mir Jumla (“Ubaid-ullah, Shari'yat-
ullah Khan, Turani), judge of
oppose Humayun, 22; rebel against
Akbar, 94; driven from Malwa to
Gujarat, 97; invades Malwa, 99;
101; in Gujarat, 104; scattered by
Akbar, 105; final suppression of,
108, 109
Missions, earliest to Akbar, 124; se-
cond, 139, 141; third, 141; their
treatment by Shah Jahan, 217-18;
Goanese and Italian in Burma, 495;
French in Burma, 500; see also
Jesuits, Portuguese
Mithraic symbolism, 560
Mitra Sen Nagar (Raja Birbal), 340
Mocha, 229, 310
Modhera, 542
Mogaung, 487, 516, 517
Mogors, see Mughuls
Mohan Nala, 384
Mohan Singh, 382
Mohmands, 239
Mohnyin, 487, 517
Mokkainggyi, 507
Moksobomyo - Shwebo, 504
Momeik, 487, 489
Monas, 235


## p. 669 (#711) ############################################

INDEX
669
None, 486, 497
Monghyr, 31, 50, 222, 224
Monopoly, of indigo, 218, 449; of lead
and saltpetre, 449
Mons, see Talaings, 492 n. 2
Monserrate, his description of Shaikh
Salim, 102; sets out for Akbar's
court, 121; arrives, 124; complains
of Mughul attacks on Daman, 138;
Akbar's denial of attacks to, 129;
his portrait of Akbar, 155; on
Fathpur Sikri, 539
Nontani, 524 n. 2
Moradabad, 369, 429, 431
Moreland, W. H. , 186 n. 1, 197 n. 1,
218 . 2, 493 n. 1
Moropant (poet), 427
Moro Pant Peshwa, 278
Morris, 487 n. 2
Mosques, built by Shah Jahan at
Tatta, 220, 569-70; by Babur, 524;
by Humayun, 525; Moth-ki-Masjid,
529; Jamali Masjid, 529, 530; Qil'a
-i-Kuhna, 530; Khair-ul-manazil,
531; Moti Masjid (Agra), 536, 554-
5; Jami' Masjid at Fathpur Sikri,
540; Jami' Masjid at Delhi, 555,
558-9; Jami' Masjid at Agra, 558;
Wazir Khan's, 561; Badshahi, 567;
Aurangzib's at Benares, 568; Jami'
Masjid at Bijapur, 57,3; Jami' Mas-
jid and Bibi-ki-Masjid at Burhan-
pur, 575
9
Moth-ki-Masjid, 529
Moti Mahall, 557
Moti Masjid (Agra), 536, 554-5
"Mountain Rat”, 279
Mozambique, 309
Mrauk-u, 476
Mrohaung, 476, 477, 478, 480, 483
Mu, river, 509; valley, 521
muſafi, see Land revenue, madad-i-
ma'ash, milk, suyurghal
Mu'azzam (son of Aurangzib), inva-
des Mewar, 249; becomes viceroy
of Deccan with title of Shah Alam,
256; recalled, 278; see also Shah
'Alam
Mu'azzam Khan, title of Muhammad
Sa'id, Mir Jumla (q. v. ), 208
Mu'azzam, Khvaja, 87
mu'azzin, 56
Mubarak (Shaikh), 62, 106; his reli-
gious experiences, 114; his advice
to Akbar, 121; arranges religious
debates, 122; signs Infallibility
Decree, 123; his flattery of Akbar,
129
Mubarak II (of Khandesh), 82, 89
Mubarak Khan, 78
Mubariz Khan (Shahamat Khan),
viceroy of Gujarat, 331; go rnor
of Hyderabad, opposes the Nizain,
349-50, 378, 399; killed, 350, 377;
385
Mubariz Khan Sur, 60, 61; murders
his nephew and succeeds as 'Adil
Shah (q. v. ), or Muhammad 'Adil,
64
Mubayyin, 20
mubid, 107
Mughul art, 178
Mughulmari, 113
Mughuls enervated in India, 204 n. 1
Muhammad's footprint, 124
Muhammad II (of Khandesh), 106
Muhammad (son of Bayazid), 113
Muhammad I, Bahmani, 392 n. 2
Muhammad 'Adil, see 'Adil Shah Sur
Muhammad 'Adil Shah (of Bijapur),
188, 196, 208; dies, 209, 270; 257,
264, 266, 268, 269; his tomb, 528,
571
Muhammad Amin Khan (son of Mir
Jumla), 238, 239, 269
Muhammad Amin Khan (cousin of
Nizam-ul-Mulk 1), member vf
Turani party, 319; deserts Kani
Bakhsh, 321; defeats Sikhs, 323;
with Jahandar Shah against Far-
rukh-siyar, 328; becomes second
paymaster with titles I'timad-ud-
Daula, Nusrat Jang, 331; disgusted
by Farrukh-siyar's treachery, 334;
joins Sayyids, 338; leads in plot to
kill Husain 'Ali, 344; dies, 346;
compared with Nizam, 377
Muhammad Amin, Mir, becomes
Sa'adat Kahn (q. v. ), and conspires
against Sayyids, 344
>


## p. 670 (#712) ############################################

670
INDEX
>
Muhammad Baqar Khan, Mirza, 367
Muhammad Ghaus, 32; his tomb, 532,
535
Muhammad Hadi, later known as
Kar Talb Khan, Murshid Quli
Khan, or Ja'far Khan (q. v. )
Muhammad Hakim, governor
of
Kabul, 84; seeks aid from Mirza
Sulaiman, 85; marries Sulaiman's
daughter, 86; invades Punjab, 94;
urged by Akbar to submit, 120;
supported by Indian rebels, 125;
proclaimed in Bihar and secretly
invited by Akbar's courtiers, 126;
proclaimed in Bengal, invades In-
dia, but retires, 127; flies to Ghur-
band, submits and forgiven by
Akbar, 128; death, 134
Muhammad Husain, Mir (Namud),
346
Muhammad Husain Mirza, 94, 105,
106, 108
Muhammad Ibrahim, 287
Muhammadi Raj, 248
Muhammad Jan, 220
Muhammad Karim, 326, 331
Muhammad Khan Bangash, early
career, 352-3, 429; unsuccessful in
Bundelkhand, 353; and in Malwa,
354, 382, 402; re-appointed to
Allahabad, 355; did not intrigue
with Nadir Shah, 359; founder of
Farrukhabad, 429
Muhammad Khan Sur, 46, 47, 48
Muhammad Mulla (of Yazd), 126
Muhammad Muqim Khan, 3, 5, 6
Muhammad Murad (I'tiqad Khan),
337, 338
Muhammad Muzaffar (Sultan), 9, 11
Muhammad Panah, Mir, name of
Ghazi-ud-din (q. v. ), son of Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 386
Muhammad Qanauji, Sayyid, 233
Muhammad Qasim Khan, 84, 136
Muhammad Quli Khan, 443, 444
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (of Gol-
conda), 261
Muhammad Qutb Shah (of Golcon-
da), 261
Muhammad Sa'id, Mir,
Mir
Jumla, 207
Muhammad Salih (Khvaja), 84, 90
Muhammad Shah, becomes emperor,
340; his horror at murder of Husain
'Ali, 344; wins battle of Bilochpur,
345; marries daughter of Farrukh-
siyar, 346; neglects public business,
349; seeks help from Nizam-ul-
Mulk, 355; addressed by Nadir
Shah, 357-8; defeated near Karnal
and meets Nadir Shah, 360; warned
by Nadir Shah against misrule,
362; schemes against Turanis, 36. 3,
366, 399; attempts to assert autho-
rity over viceroys, 368; attacks
'Ali Muhammad Khan, 370; his
death and character, 373; his grants
to Marathas, 396
Muhammad Shah, Yusufzai, 238
Muhammad Shaibani Khan, see Shai-
bani Khan
Muhammad Sultan (son of Aurang-
zib), marries Golconda princess,
208, 270; opposes Shah Shuja', 224;
pursues Dara, but joins him, 225;
imprisoned, 226, 273; sent against
Golconda, 269
Muhammad Sultan Mirza, 12, 22, 27,
28
Muhammad Yar Khan, 369
Muhammad Zaitun, 15
Muhammad Zaman Mirza, 22, 23, 27,
28
Muhibbʻalipur, 441
Muhiyy-ul-Millat, title of Shah Ja-
han III, 444
Muhkam Singh (of Nagaur), 304
Muhkam Singh Jat, 348
Muhtasib, 230, 241
Mu'in-ud-din Chishti, 81, 101, 16:,
348
Mu'in-ul-Mulk, becomes viceroy of
Punjab, 373, 428; resists Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 433-4; appointed by
Abdali governor of Punjab, 434;
dies, 437
Mu'izz-ud-din, later Jahandar Shah
(q. v. ), 325
Mu'izz-ul-Mulk, 92, 93
mujtahid, 122
see


## p. 671 (#713) ############################################

INDEX
671
Mukarram Khan, 239
Mukhlis Khan, 310
Mukhlispur, 323
Mukhya Pradhan, 392 n. 2
Mukteshvar, 426
Mukund Deo, 92
Mukundraj, 426
Mulher, 383
Muller, 8
Multan, Khizr Khan made governor
of by Timur, 9; taken for Sher
Shah, 37; taken by Haibat Khan
from the Baloch, 53; governed well
by Fath Jang Khan, 54; ceded by
Ahmad Shah to Afghanistan, 434;
giazed earthenware of, 560
Muluk Chand, Rai, 306
mulukgiri, defined, 398 n. 4; 412,
414
Mumin Khan, 369, 411 n. 1
Mumins, 315
Mumtaz Mahall, marries Shah Jahan,
163; her death, 189; her grievance
against Portuguese, 191; 220 n. 2;
her tomb, 566
Mundiyas, 243
Mungi Shevgaon, 400
Mungir, see Monghyr
Mun'im Khan (Khan Khanan) at
Kabul, 75; pursues Bairam Khan,
78; his anger at Atga Khan's pro-
motion, 81; reinstated as minisier,
84; fails to take Kabul and appoin-
ted to Agra, 85; in operations
against Uzbegs, 91-3; obtains their
assignments, 97; visits Sulaiman of
Bengal, 99; repels Bayazid of Ben-
gal, 111; invades Bengal, 111-13;
wounded, 113; dies, 114
Mun'im Khan (son of Sultan Beg),
revenue minister of Bahadur Shah,
319, 325; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
against Sikh rebels, 323
munsif, 56
Muqarrab Khan (Africa), 148
Muqarrab Khan (Persian),
mands Ahmadnagar troops, 186-7;
friendly to Bijapur, 188; joins
Mughul services and gains title
Rustam Khan, 189; killed at Sanrio-
garh, 213 and n. 2
Muqarrab Khan (Shaikh Hasan or
Hassu), governor of Surat, 162
Muqarrab Khan, Khan Zaman
(Shaikh Niam), 284
Murad, prince, born, 102; sent against
Muhammad Hakim, 127, 128; to
intervene in Deccan, 140, 141; to
invade Deccan, 142; his disputes
with Khan Khanan, 143; recalled
to court and dies, 144
Murad Bakhsh, born, 173; crushes
rebellion in Kangra, 200; takes
Balkh, but withdraws, 203; rebels
in Gujarat, 211; with Aurangzib at
battle of Dharmat, 212; his bra-
very at Samogarh, 213; his suspi-
cions of Aurangzib, 214; confined
by Aurangzib, 215, 222; beheaded
at Gwalior, 228
Murari Pandit, 196
Murari Rao Ghorpare, 384, 408
Murshidabad, a new capital of Ben-
gal, 312; origin of its name, 364 n.
1; threatened by Marathas, 441
Murshid Quli Khan (see Ja'far
Khan), becomes viceroy of Bengal,
312; founds Murshidabad, 364 n. 1
Murshid Quli Khan (Persian) asses-
ses land revenue in Deccan, 218,
468
Murshid Quli Khan (Rustam Jang),
deputy in Orissa, 365, expelled by
‘Ali Vardi, 367
Murtaza 'Ali, 384
Murtaza Khan, 442
Murtaza Nizam Shah I (of Ahmad-
nagar), 137, 138
Murtaza Nizam Shah II (of Ahmaci-
nagar), 148, 260, 263, 264
Murtaza Nizam Shah III (of Ahmad-
nagar),
266
Murtaza, Sayyid, Sabzavari, 143
Musahib Beg, 75
Musa Khan Fuladi, 78
Musamman Burj, at Agra, 554; at
Lahore, 555
Music forbidden at court by Aurang-
zib, 230
Muslim law, 183, 317
com-
>


## p. 672 (#714) ############################################

672
INDEX
Mustafa Khan (in Bihar), 441
Mustafa Khan, 188, 190; imprisoned,
195; becomes chief minister in Bija-
pur,
196
Mustafa Rumi, 17
Mu'tabar Khan, 295
Mu'tamid, 232
Muttra, temple at destroyed, 242; Jat
rising near, 243; sacked by Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 416, 438
Muzaffar III (of Gujarat), 103, 104,
132; expelled, 133
Muzaffar Husain Mirza, 105, 118
Muzaffar Husain Mirza (Safavid),
141
Muzaffar Jang, rebels against Nasir
Jang, 386; aided by French but
killed, 387, 433
Muzaffar Khan (or 'Ali Turbati), ap-
pointed revenue minister, 87, 459;
90, 92; replaced by Qutb-ud-din
Khan, 100; governor of Malwa, 106;
appointed vakil, but dismissed, 110;
governor of Bengal, 112, 121; with
Khan Jahan defeats Daud, 116;
killed by rebels, 126
Muzaffar Khan (of Bijapur), 274
Muzaffar Khan (brother of Khan
Dauran),
354
Muzaffar, Sayyid, minister in Gol-
conda, 274
Muzaffar Shah (Gujarat), see Muha-
mmad Muzaffar
Myanaung, 505
Myinbyushin Nat, 504
Myitnge, 516
myothugyi, 504, 519
Mysore, plateau of conquered by
Shivaji, 259; pays tribute to Salabat
Jang, 389; raided by Balaji, 412; ses
also Kanarese country
Nadira Banu, 227
Nadir (Quli) Shah, 219; ascends thro-
booty, 363; recognised in Bihar and
Bengal, 364; his talk with Muham-
mad Yar, 369; murdered, 371; bis
objection to assignments, 375;
Maratha successes during his inva-
sion, 383; offers throne of Delhi to
Nizam, 385; causes alarm in Deccan,
404
Nadol, 249
Nagarchain, 89
Nagarkot, 103; visited by Akbar, 127
Nagaur, 34; improved by Akbar, 102,
247, 436
Nagpur stormed by Mughuls, 314
Nahan, 323
Nahr-i-Bihisht, 557
Najib Khan (Najib-ud-Daula), be-
comes Abdali agent at Delhi, 416,
426; his hatred of Marathas, 419;
insists on fighting at Panipat, 420-
1; in battle, 422 and n.
2, 423; aids
Ghazi-ud-din against Safdar Jang,
435; against Sin-dagh troop, 437;
becomes Najib-ud-Daula and Amir-
ul-Umara, 439; leaves Delhi and
receives 'Ali Gauhar, 440; besiege:
by Sindia, 444; joins Ahmad Shah
Abdali, 446; brings in Shuja'-ud-
Daula, 447; confirmed as Amir-ul-
Umara, 448
Najm Beg, 7, 8
Najm-ud-din 'Ali Khan, 350, 351
Naldrug, 255, 267, 277, 389
Namdev, 426
Namrup, 235
Namud (Mir Muhammad Husain).
346
Nana Farnavis, 418 n. 2, 421, 425
Nanak, 244
Nana Purandare, 411
Nana Sahib Peshwa, name for Balaji
Baji Rao, 414
Nandabayin, king of Burma, 492-3
Nander, Guru Govind Singh killed
at, 246
Nandgir, 298
Nandurbar, 118
Napoleon I, 318
Narameikhla, king of Arakan, 477
Narapatigyi, king of Arakan, 480
ne of Persia, takes Qandahar and
Kabul, 357; reaches Lahore and ad-
dresses Muhammad Shah, 358; de-
feats Muhammad Shah near Kar-
nal, 359-60; enters Delhi and orders
massacre, 361; carries off immense


## p. 673 (#715) ############################################

INDEX
673
Narawara, king of Burma, 499
Narhan, 92
Närhi, 88
Narin, 203
Narnala, 143
Narnaul, 45, 243, 432, 446
Naro Shankar, 419, 425
Nasik, 189, 282
Nasir Jang, assumed independence
but defeated, 365-6, 383, 428; his
character and troubles with Mara-
thas, 383; Nizam's advice to, 385;
made viceroy of Deccan, 386;
fights French and killed, 387, 433;
invited to Delhi, 433
Nasiri Khan, 188; becomes Khan
Dauran (q. v. ), 194; 257
Nasir Khan (governor of Kabul),
358, 371
Nasir Khan Faruqi, 575
Nasir Khan Lohani, 139, 140
Nasir Khan Nuhani, 15, 16
Nasir-ul-Mulk, title of Pir Muham-
mad Khan, 76
Nasr-ullah Mirza, 362
Natshinnaung, 494-5
naubat khana, 556
Naulakha, 555
Naungdawgyi, king of Burma, 512
Nauraspur, 188, 190
Nauruz festival, of Akbar 128, 134; of
Jahangir, 156; forbidden by Au-
rangzib, 230; of Nadir Shah at
Delhi, 361
Naushahra, 36
Navait clan, 295, 369 and n. 1, 384
Naval Rai, Raja, with Safdar Jang,
against Bangash Afghans, 429; de-
feated and killed by Ahmad Khan,
430
Navanagar, 166, 226
Navy of Bengal, 237
Nawal Rai, Raja, 370
Nazr 'Ali Khan, 315
Nazr Muhammad, 202-4, 219
Negrais, 491, 505, 509, 510, 512
Neknam, 314
Netaji Palkar, 254
Newbery, 135, 151
New English Company, 310
Nga Hpyaw, 521
Nga Kala, 500
Nga Me, 480 n. 3
Ngatatkyi, 497
Nicobars, 501
Nijabat Khan, 419
Niku-siyar proclaimed emperor but
deposed and imprisoned, 340
Nima Sindia, 313
Nimrana, 431
Ningrahar, 5, 230
Nirmal, 389
nishan, 306
Nishapur, 360
Nishat Bagh, 549
Niyabat Khan, 126
Niyazis, 59, 60
Nizam, the ruler of Hyderabad state,
passim
Nizamabad, 385
Nizam 'Ali, becomes regent, 389;
opposes Marathas, 390, 412-13; in-
vades Maharashtra, deposes Sala-
bat Jang and becomes Nizam, 391
Nizam Khan, 15
Nizam Khan (Sur), 45, 47, 48
Nizam Shahi dynasty, 264-5
Nizam-ud-Daula, title of Nasir Jang,
386
Nizam-ud-din, Shaik, 119
Nizam-ud-din Ahmad, Khvaja, 96 n. 1
Nizam-ud-din Ahmad, Sayyid, 274
Nizam-ud-din 'Ali Khalifa, 17
Nizam-ud-din Auliya's shrine, 440
Nizam-ul-Mulk I (Chin Qilich Khan),
grandson of Qilich Khan, 287, mem-
ber of Turani party, 319; becomes
viceroy of Deccan, 331, 393; re-
called and declines to join Farru-
kh-siyar's intrigues, 336, 337; con-
ciliated by 'Abdullah Khan, 338,
341; sent to Malwa, 340, 341; rebels
against Sayyids, 342; wins battles
near Khandwa and Shevgaon, 343,
399; 346; returns to Delhi as minis-
ter, 347, 382, 399; unpopular there
withdraws to Deccan, 349; gains
battle of Shakarkhelda, becomes
practically independent, receives
title of Asaf Jah, and enlists Mara-
43


## p. 674 (#716) ############################################

674
INDEX
Omens, taken by Humayun, 66, 67:
by Salim, 150
Orakzais, 136, 137
Orchha, 117, 149, 184, 194; stormed
by Aurangzib, 195; palace-fortress
at, 548
Orissa, left to Daud of Bengal, 113;
subdued by Man Singh, 139; new
rebellion crushed 140; unrest in
continues, 157; surrenders to Shah
Jahan, 172; 197; 261; invaded by
Golconda, 267; taken from Mur-
shid Quli Khan by 'Ali Vardi Khari,
366-7; ceded to Marathas, 408, 443;
land revenue of, 464
Orpheus, 558
Oudh, Girdhar Bahadur becomes
viceroy of, 341-2; Burhan-ul-Mulk
becomes viceroy of, 348; Safdar
Jang succeeds in, 362; virtual in-
dependence of, 374; Shuja'-ud-
Daula succeeds in, 489
Owsa, see Ausa
Nizam-ul-Mulk I (continued)
tha aid, 350, 377, 399, 400; plotting
treason, 352; to free his own state
urges Marathas to invade N. India,
353, 382; approached by Muham-
mad Shah, 355, 403; fails to defeat
Marathas near Bhopal and conclu-
des disgraceful terms, 356-7, 382,
403-4; nominated to oppose Nadir
Shah, 358; hesitates to attack him,
359, 382; sent to arrange indemnity,
360; 361; his payments to Nadir
Shah; 362; resists Muhammad
Shah's intrigues, 363, 382-3; impri-
sons Nasir Jang, 366, 383; makes
conquests in Carnatic, 368, 384; as
governor of Katehr, 369; his terms
of office in Deccan and indepen-
dence there, 377; see further Asaf
Jah
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah II, title of
Nizam 'Ali, 391
Noronha, Dom Antonio de, 106
Numa Namud, 346
Nurgarh, 248
Nur Jahan (Mihr-un-Nisa or Nur
Mahall), marries Jahangir, 163;
kills tiger, 167; her increasing in-
fluence, 168; exacts terms from
Shah Jahan, 173; her bravery dur-
ing Mahabat Khan's emeute, 175;
warns Khan Jahan against Shah
Jahan, 177; coinage in her name,
180; favours Shahryar's succession,
183; pensioned by Shah Jahan, 184;
her death, 202; 326; builds tombs
of I'timad-ud-Daula and Jahangir,
552
nur-jahani, 180
Nur-ud-din, title of Jahangir, 156
Nur-ud-din Muhammad, 32
Nusrat Jang, title of Muhammad
Amin Khan, Turani (q. v. ), 331
Nursat Jang, see Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan,
298, 299, 301
Nusrat Shah, 9, 18
Nyaungbin, 507
Padishah Bibi (Shahr Banu), 255,
275, 277
Pagan, dynasty supreme over north
Arakan, 476; over Shan foot-hills,
486; bell at, 487; Shwezigon at, 516
pagri, 282
Pahar Singh (Bundela), 201
Pahar Singh (Gaur), 306
Paithan, 262
Pak Pattan, see Ajudhan
Palamau, 201, 229
Palamcottah, 293
. Pali, 282, 283, 304
Palkhed, 381, 400, 404
Pallegoix, 520 n. 1
Pam Nayak, 285
.
pan, 422
panchayats, 414
Panch Mahall, 543
pandari, 231
Pandavas, 95
Pandharpur, 427
Pandu, 234
Panhala, assaulted by Shivaji, 254,
273; taken by Sidi Jauhar, 257;
recaptured by Shivaji, 275; Sham-
Okpo, 503, 505
Oldham, C. E. A. W. , 46 n. 1, 69 n. 2


## p. 675 (#717) ############################################

INDEX
678
Panhala (continued)
bhuji confined in, 278; retaken by
Marathas, 294; 296; taken by Au-
rangzib, 297-8; Shambhuji of Kol-
hapur at, 353; headquarters of rivai
faction, 292; 409
Panipat, 12; Babur's victory at, 13;
Akbar's victory over Himu at, 72;
contrasted with Ausa, 390; descri-
ption of campaign by Sarkar, 417
n. 1; Marathas entrench at, 419;
Marathas defeated at, 420-4, 448;
in ballads, 427; Ghazi-ud-din
seized at, 437; Babur's mosque at,
524
Panjnad, 445
Panjshir, 238
Pantanaw, 485
Pant Sachiv, 410
Parabaw, 478
Parashuram, 298
Parashuram Trimbak, 291, 295
Parasnis Museum, 410 n. 1
Parasnis, R. B. , 407 n. 1
Paraunkh, 83
Parenda, invested by Mughuls, 188;
resists Khan Zaman, 194; included
in Bijapur, 196, 266; 198; ceded to
Mughuls, 210, 211, 267
pargana, 452, 459
Parin, 476
Parker, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
Parlett, L. M. , 509 n. 4
Parli, 296; taken by Aurangzib, 297
Parner, 380
Partab, Rawal, 117
Partab Baharji, Raja (of Baglan), 145
Partabgarh, 269; Afzal Khan killed at,
272; captured by Marathas, 294
Partab Singh, Rana, 117, 134
Parties at Akbar's court, 74
Parviz, sent against Mewar, 158; to
command in Deccan, 159, 260;
transferred to Allahabad, 164, 260;
opposes Shah Jahan's rebellion, 171;
defeats him at Damdama, 172-3,
and in Deccan, 173, 263; made gov-
ernor of Gujarat, 174; his death,
176; assisted by Portuguese, 191
Pasrur, 323
Pataliputra, 556
Patan, 25, 242, 304
Patdur, 417
Pathans, 238
Patiali, 430
Patkai, 233
Patna, 49; besieged by Ganga Ram,
306; Farrukh-siyar crowns himself
and robs Dutch factory at, 327
Patr Das, Rai Rayan, 143, 149; see also
Bikramajit, Raja
Patta Singh, 98
patwari, 452 n. 1
Paungga, 521
Pavangarh, 273, 298
Pawtugi, 495 n. 1
Payanghat, 266
Paya Tak, 520
Peacock throne, 206, 219, 220, 339;
carried off by Nadir Shah, 362
Pedgaon, 295
Pegu, Arakan expedition against, 478;
raided by Thirithudamma, 479; an-
nexed by Tabinshwehti, 483; re-
occupied by Talaings, 485; taken by
Bayinnaung, 486; his new city of,
490, 491; taken by Toungoo and
Arakan, 493; burnt, 494; ceases to
be capital, 496; raided by Siamese,
499; Talaings at, 503; attacked by
Alaungpaya, 507; taken and de-
stroyed, 508
Pemberton, 502 n. 2
Penukonda, 301
“People of the Book", 240
Pepper, 317, 501
Persepolis, 556
Persia (ns), at war with Uzbegs, 8;
combines with Babur, 7; defeated
by Uzbegs, 8; Humayun's stay in,
40; loses Qandahar to Akbar, 141;
hopes to recover it, 157-8; captures
Qandahar, 170; relations with Shah
Jahan, 199; aids Uzbegs, 204; sends
embassies to Aurangzib, 229; seized
by Ghilzais and then by Nadir Shah,
357; Persians killed in Delhi, 361;
taxes remitted in, 363; Indian archi-
tecture influenced by, 552, 556, 559
>


## p. 676 (#718) ############################################

676
INDEX
Peshawar, occupied by Nadir Shah,
358
Leshkash, 307
Peshwa (= prime minister), 291,
386; defined, 392 n. 2; office becomes
hereditary, 396-7; claimed by Ra-
ghuji, 408; access to power of, 412,
416; their ensigns, 422; see also
Bahiro Pant Pingle, Baji Rao, Balaji
Baji Rao, Balaji Vishvanath
Pestilence, in Hindustan, 69; in Guja-
>
rat, 112; in north-west India, 1596-
7, 142; in Gujarat, 1618, 166; in
Punjab, 1616-19, 167; in Konkan,
283; at Bijapur, 286; at Hyderabad,
289; at Bijapur, 290; in Ahmad Shah
Abdali's army, 439
Phaphamau, 430
Phaulkon, 500
Phayre, 476 n. 1
Phul, see Shaikh Phul
Pidia, 299, 301
pietra dura, first used, 553; 554, 558,
562, 564
Pigeon-flying, 149, 154
Pilaji Gaikwar, 350, 365, 398, 401, 402
Pilaji Jadav, 402
Pilgrim tax abolished by Akbar, 86
Pindale, king of Burma, 497-9
Pindaris, 418, 419 n. 2, 447
Pinheiro, 142
Pinto, 483 n. 2
Pipar, 432
Piracy, by Maghs, 236-7, 311, 479, 481;
by Europeans in Indian Ocean,
309-11
Pir Khan Lodi (Khan Jahan, q. v. ),
159
Pir Muhammad Khan, pursues Himu,
73; joins harem party, 75; banished
by Bairam Khan, 76; returns to
court, 77; employed against Bairam
Khan, 78; sent against Malwa, 79;
assistant governor of Malwa, 80;
becomes governor,
invades
Khandesh and drowned, 82
Pitakataik, 480
Plague, see Pestilence
Plassey, 423 n. 1, 443, 448
Plough-rent, 454, 468
Poll-tax, see jizya
Ponda, 275
Pondicherry, 389, 408
Poona, occupied by Shayista Kha),
raided by Shivaji, 257; district in-
vaded by Asaf Jah, 381; by Salabat
Jang and French, 387; recovered by
Tara Bai, 392; Maratha capital, 407;
Peshwa's headquarters, 410; luxury
of court at, 427
Popa Hill, 487
Portuguese, aggression on Gujarat,
103; offer gifts to Akbar, 105; mis-
sions to Akbar, 121; Akbar's attacks
on in Gujarat, 128, 129; priests sent
to Akbar, 139; denounce English to
Akbar, 151, 152; claim to com-
mand seas, defeated by Downton,
162; oppose English at Jahangir's
court, 163; Roe attempts to get
them out of Gujarat, 166; refuse
help to Shah Jahan in rebellion,
172; their trade at Hooghly, 190;
disliked by Shah Jahan and be-
sieged in Hooghly, 191; losses at
Hooghly, 192, 217; besieged in
Daman and Diu, 200; in conflict
with Bijapur, 209; buyers of indigo,
218; Methwold's convention with,
219; pirates in Bengal and Arakan,
236-7, 478; invaded by Shambhuji,
282; stop A'zam's attack on Goa,
283; agree not to support Marathas,
296; attacked by Marathas in Kon-
kan, 356, 404-6; by Angria, 394; their
possessions in Konkan, 404; pillage
Arakan, 477; settle at Chittagong,
overthrown at Sandwip, 478; piracy
in Bengal, 479; influence in Ceylon,
480; in lower Burma, 482; in Siam,
484; at siege of Ayuthia, 488; des-
troy Buddha Tooth of Ceylon, 489;
at Syriam, and near Shwebo, 494-5;
expelled from Malacca, colony at
Mergui, 500
Po Yutpi, 483
Pradhans, 394
Pragji Prabhu, 297
Prahlad Niraji, 291
81;


## p. 677 (#719) ############################################

INDEX
677
--
Pra Naret, 493
Pran Nath, Prannathi, 221
Pratap Rai (Chero Raja), 201
Pratap Singh (of Tanjore), 408
Pratinidhi (= regent), 291; defined,
392 n. 2; 394, 397, 401, 410
Prem Narayan, Gond Raja, 195
Presents as source of revenue, 449
President and Council of Surat and
Madras, 307
Prithvi Raj, 201
Prome, taken by Tabinshwehti, 483;
vassal king of, 490; taken by
Anaukpetlun, 494; taken by Ta-
laings, 503; by Alaungpaya, 505;
gun at, 507
Provincial of Order of Jesus, 141
Pulel, 509
Punjab, friendly to Dara, 222; gov-
erned by Zakariya Khan, 363; by
Mu'in-ul-Mulk, 373, 428; invaded
by Marathas, 416, 445; ceded to
Ahmad Shah Abdali, 434; invaded
by Ghazi-ud-din, 437; by Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 438
Puntambe, 380
Pur, 248, 252
Purana Qil'a, 529
Purandar, 254; Shivaji's treaty at, 258,
273; Shahu takes refuge in, 381
Puran Mal, 52, 53, 54, 57
Purchas, 500 n. 1
Puri, 139, 140
Pur Mandal, 303
Pushkar, 248
Pye, king of Burma, dethrones Pin-
dale, 498
Pyinsa, 476
comes minister, 349; removed, 351;
his relation killed in Kora, 355;
marches against Marathas, 355-6;
361; his payments to Nadir Shah,
362; joins Nizam-ul-Mulk, 363; gov-
ernor of Katehr, 369; recognises 'Ali
Muhammad Khan, 370; his intoxi-
cation, 371; misleads Shah Nawaz
Khan, 372; killed, 373
Qambar Beg, 68
Qanauj, see Kanauj
Qandahar attacked by Shaibani Khan,
6; 12, 21, 22, 38; occupied by Hindal,
taken by Kamran and placed in
charge of 'Askari, captured by Hu-
mayun, 40; held by Shah 'Abbas,
137; surrendered to Akbar by Mu-
zaffar Husain Safavi, 141; lost to
Shah ‘Abbas, its importance on
trade route, 170; surrendered by
'Ali Mardan Khan, 199; Persian
aims on, 204; captured by Persians,
205; failure of Aurangzib and Dara
Shukoh to recover, 206; taken by
Nadir Shah, 357; by Ahmad Shah
Abdali, 371; land revenue of, 464
qanungo, 243, 452, 459
Qaqshal Turks, 126
Qara Bahadur Khan, 89
Qarshi, 7, 8
Qasim Khan Juvaini, 190, 191
Qasim Khan (Kirmani), 285, 293, 294
Qasim Khan, Mir Bahr, 536
Qasim Sambhali, 15
Qasim, Sidi, 332
qazi, 241
Qil'a-i-Kuhna, 530-1
Qilich Khan (grandfather of Nizam-
ul-Mulk), 287
Qiya Khan Gung, 73, 77, 95
Qizilbash, 141, 371
Qoshanj, 199
Qudrat-ullah, Shah, 332
Queda Merchant, the, 310
Qunduz, 4, 7, 8, 203
Qutb Khan, 15
Qutb Khan ('Abdur-Rashid), 28, 50;
death, 34, 51
Qutb Khan Niyazi, 59
Qutb Minar, 345
Qadir Shah, see Mallu Qadir Khan, 51
Qadr Khan, see Bahadur Shah (of
Khandesh), 143
Qaim Khan (or Jang) Bangash, 353,
370; attacks Rohillas and killed, 429
qalami, 21
Qalmaq slaves, 331, 332
Qamar-ud-din, becomes paymaster of
Ahadis, 331; promoted, 345; receives
title of I'timad-ud-Daula, 346; be-


## p. 678 (#720) ############################################

678
INDEX
Qutb Shah, passim, the ruler of Goi-
conda at the time
Qutb-ud-din Aibak, 9
Qutb-ud-din Kaki, 324
Qutb-ud-din (Khubu), 160
Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Khan, 86,
94, 100, 106, 133
Qutb-ul-Mulk, term used by Mughuls
for kings of Golconda, 266; title of
'Abdullah Khan (Hasan 'Ali, Say-
yid, q. v. ), 327, 331
Qutlu Khan Lohani, 139
Qutluq Nigar Khanum, 3
as
Rai Rayan, see Patr Das and Bikra-
majit, 149
Raisen, 16; taken by Humayun, 23;
taken by Sher Shah, 52, 53
Rai Singh of Bikaner, 102, 104, 108,
141, 157
Rai Singh, usurper in Navanagar, 230
Rajadnya, 380
Rajahmundry, 389
Raja Ram (Jat), 305, 336
Raja Ram (Maratha), set up
Rabi'a (Bibi), 60
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567
Ra'dandaz (or Shuja'at Khan), 244
Radhika Bai Mane, 295
Rafi'-ud-Darajat, set on throne, 339;
dies, 340; 373
Rafi'-ud-Daula, becomes emperor as
Shah Jahan II, and dies, 340; 373
Rafi'-ush-Shan, 323; jealous of 'Azim-
Shan, 325; killed resisting Jahandar
Shah, 326; father of Rafi-ud-
Darajat, 339
Raghuji Bhonsle, establishes himself
successor to Shivaji, 279; succeeds
Shambhuji, but has to fly, 284, 230;
repels Mughul attacks on Gingea,
292-3; escapes from Gingee, 293;
dies, 295, 366, 392
Rajas Bai, mother of Sharbhuji I!
(of Kolhapur), crowns him, 295;
captured by Shahu, 401
Rajgarh, 268, 294, 296, 298
Rajmachi, 393
Rajmahal (Rajmahall), 116, 225, 225,
365
Rajputana, revolts against Bahadur
Shah in, 321; aloof from Mughuls
at death of Muhammad Shah, 374;
palaces in, 548; see also Rajputs
Rajputs, their opposition to the Mu-
ghuls, 39, 54; Bihari Mal, first Raj-
put chief to attend Akbar's court,
81; their dislike of marriage con-
nections with Mughuls, 117, 125,
161; minor chiefs subdued, 117; re-
conciled to Mughuls, 161-2; friendly
to Shah Jahan, 170) n. 1, 184; in
battle at Dharmat, 212; at Samo-
garh, 213; default at Khajuha, 224;
promise aid to Dara, 226-7; tribal
campaign, 239; sul purt prince Ak-
bar's rebellion, 250; Aurangzib's
provocation of 252, 321; at Gingee,
294; enlisted for Bahadur Shah, 319;
at battle of Jajau, 320; revolt
against Bahadur Shah and recon-
ciled, 321-2; of Bhojpur join Far-
rukh-siyar, 327; decline to oppose
Nadir Shah, 358; give aid against
Ahmad Shah Abdali, 372; siding
with Marathas, 397, 402; refuse to
join Panipat campaign, 418; look
at Nagpur, 365; invades Bengal, but
repulsed, 368, 441; his capture of
Trichinopoly, 384, 407-8; pays tri-
bute to Nizam, 389; 410; ravages
Orissa, Bengal and Bihar, 441; re-
covers Nagpur and Berar, 448
Raghunath Bhati, 248
Raghunath, Raja, 387
Raghunath Rao (Ragoba), invades
Hyderabad, 390; his ambitions at
death of Balaji Rao, 391, 407; 411;
attacks Jats and goes to Delhi, 415,
439; invades Punjab, 416, 445; hopes
to command against Abdali, 417
Ragoba, see Raghunath Rao, 407
rahdari, 231, 307, 379
rahdars, 300
Rahim Khan, 311-12
Rahmat Khan, Hafiz, at Panipat, 422
n. 2; becomes regent of Rohilkhand,
429; joins Ahmad Shah Abdali, 446
Raichur, 290
Raigarh, 259, 273, 275, 278, 284
9


## p. 679 (#721) ############################################

INDEX
679
Rajputs (continued)
Rangamati, 236
down on Jats, 432; weary of Mara- Rang Mahall, 557
tha aggression, 444
Rangoon, Bahadur II exiled to, 448;
Rajrup, Raja (of Jammu), 200, 227
occupied by Smim Htaw, 485; by
Raj Singh, Maharana (of Mewar), Alaungpaya, 505; becomes port of
248, 249, 250
Burma, 507; East India Company at,
Rakhshasbhavan, 426
512; its value as port, 513; burnt by
Rama Vijaya, 427
Talaing rebels, visited by Hsin-
Ramayana, 221
byushin, 519
Rambha Rao Nimbalkar, 380, 381
Rangpur, 236
Ram Chand, Raja (of Bhath), 101, 143 Ranmast Khan, 259
Ram Chand, Raja (of Seraen), 140
Rann of Cutch, 223, 227
Ramchandra N. Bavdekar, 291
Ranoji Sindia, in Malwa, 365, 398;
Ramchandra Nimbalkar, 389
near Delhi, 403; at siege of Bassein,
Ramchandrapur, 366
406
Ramchandra Shenvi, 414
Ranthambhor, taken by Rana Sanga,
Ram Chehra, 305
16; surrenders to Sher Shan,
Ramdas (poet), 426
52; held by 'Adil Khan, 58; besieged
Ram Das (or Raja Raghunath), 389
by Mughuls, 77, 99; taken by Akbar,
Ram Das, Kachhwaha, 152
100-1; 170
Ramghat pass (Deccan), 283
Rasulpur (Bijapur), 285, 286
Ramgir, 270
Ratanabon, 478
Ram Joshi, 427
Ratanamanaung, 480
Ramling Tank, 264
Ratan Chand, agent of 'Abdullah
Ramnagar (south of Surat), 259
Khan, 333; leases collection of land
Ramnagar, princess, 381
revenue, 337; his increased power,
Ram Narayan, Raja, 444
342; seized after Husain 'Ali's death,
Rampura, 306
344; executed, 345
Ram Raja, his origin, 409
Ratanpur, 304, 315
Ramree, 482
Ratan Singh, 306
Ram Sah, Raja, 73, 116
Rathors, 248, 250, 252; their successes
Ramsej, 282
in Marwar, 303
Ram Singh, Raja (of Amber), in As- Raushanais, 134, 136, 137, 138, 147
sam, 236, 245
Raushan-Akhtar becomes Muhammad
Ram Singh, Raja (of Marwar or Shah, 340
Jodhpur), 431-2
Raushan-ud-Daula becomes minister,
Ram Singh Hara, 320
but removed, 351
Ramu, 237, 477, 478, 481
Ravenswaay, 492 n. 2
Ranade, M. G. , 392 n. 1, 395 n. 1; on Raybag, 198, 265, 267
Shahu, 409
Razadarit Ayedawpon, 489
Rana Sanga, 9; his exploits, declares Razmnama, 133
war on Babur, 16; defeated at Rechna Duab, 323
Khanua, 17, 54; wars with Gujarat Red Sea, 310
and appeals to Humayun, 22; de- Regulator of Realm = Nizam-ul-
feated by Bahadur Shah, 23, 54; 49 Mulk, 377
Ran Bagha, 80
Religious discussions, 113, 114
Randola Khan, against Mughuls, 188, Rennell, 236
189; defeated by Khan Zaman, 192; Revenue, sources of, 449; remissions
tries to relieve Daulatabad, 193, 265;
of, 461
196
Rewah, 444


## p. 680 (#722) ############################################

680
INDEX
3
on
Risala-i-Walidiyya, 20
Rizavi Khan, 97
Roads made by Sher Shah, 57
Roberts, 309
Rockets, 55, 423
Roe, Sir Thomas, describes nauruz
Festival, 156; arrives in India, 162;
obtains trade facilities, 163; des-
cribes Nur Mahall and Khusray's
danger, 164; his march with Jahan-
gir, 165; final agreement with Shah
Jahan, 167; on favour shown to
Persian ambassador, 170; presents
miniature of Jahangir, 179; receives
medal from Jahangir, 180;
drinking habits of Jahangir and
Shah Jahan, 215 n. 1; describes
Shah Jahan, 216; his present of
coach to Jahangir, 260
Rohilkhand, 369-70; occupied by Ma-
rathas, 415
Rohillas, settle in India, 370; at Pani-
pat, 422-4; beat Bangash Afghans,
429; defeated by Marathas, 431;
friendly with Shuja'-ud-Daula, 439;
join Ahmad Shah Abdali, 446
Rohira, 294
Rohri, 37
Rohtak canals, 201
Rohtas (in Bihar), gained by Sher
Khan, 30, 50; 33, 47, 51; taken by
Shah Jahan in rebellion, 172; sur-
rendered by him, 174
Rohtas (in Punjab), built by Sher
Shah, 52; 53, 59, 66, 459
Ross, 20 n. 1
Rubies, 487
Rudra Pratap, Raja, 201
Ruh-ullah Khan, 282, 285, 289
Rumi Khan, 24, 28, 29
Rupar, 223, 335
Rup Mati, 79
Rustam Beg, Mirza, 172
Rustam-dil Khan, 321, 323
Rustam Khan, title of Muqarrab Khan
(Persian) (q. v. ), posted to Katehr,
Sa'adat Khan (Mir Muhammad Amin,
of Oudh), conspires against Say-
yids, 344; promoted, 345; appointed
viceroy of Agra, 346; becomes Bur-
han-ul-Mulk (q. v. ) and viceroy of
Oudh, 348
Sa'adat-ullah Khan, 369
Sabaji Sindia, 416, 445
Sabha Chand, 328, 330, 332
Sacha Padishah, 322
Sachiv, 291
Sacrifice, for Arakanese coronation,
479; for Shan funerals, and for
feasts, 487; at rebuilding palace,
499; at founding city, 509
Sadashiv Rao (Bhao Sahib), takes
Ahmadnagar, 390; son of Chimaji
Appa, 407; defeats Hyderabad army,
413; conducts civil administration,
414; commands against Abdali, 417,
446; despises advice, 418; takes
Kunjpura and entrenches at Pani-
pat, 419, 447-8; his military errors,
420; his bravery at Panipat, 421-2
and n. 2; his death, 424; dethrones
Shah Jahan III and sets up Mirza
Javan Bakht, 447
Sadat Khan (or Salabat Khan, Zu-'l-
Fiqar Jang), 372, 373; see also Zu-
189; killed at Samogarh, 213
Rustam Khan, later title of Sharza
Khan, q. v.
Rustam Rao, 286
'l-Fiqar Jang
Sadhaura, 322, 323, 324, 335
Sadiq Muhammad Khan, 117, 137, 142,
143
Sadr-us-Sudur, 62, 63, 76, 84, 90, 121;
in charge of grants of land revenue,
465
Sa'd-ullah, chief minister of Shah
Jahan, 206, 207; dies, 208
Sa'd-ullah Khan (deputy minister),
332
Sa'd-ullah Khan Rohilla, 429, 431,
439, 446
Safavi dynasty, 357, 525, 559
Safdar 'Ali, 384, 408
Safdar Jang (Abu-'l-Mansur Khan),
succeeds in Oudh and pays contri-
bution to Nadir Shah, 362, 363; at-
tends at court, 368; jealous of 'Ali
Muhammad Khan, 370; joins army
against Ahmad Shah Abdali, 372;


## p. 681 (#723) ############################################

INDEX
681
Safdar Jang (continued)
Salim, 150; employs Nur Mahall,
163
Salim Chishti, Shaikh, 102, 156, 220;
,
his tomb, 544, 546-7
Salimgarh, 68, 531, 555
Salim Khan Sur rebels against Adil
Shah, 64
Salim Shah = Islam Shah (q. v. ), 58
Salim Shah, king of Arakan, 478
Sulsette, 404, 405
Salt, a source of revenue, 449, 450
Saltpetre, 307, 317, 449
Somana, 68
Samarqand taken by Babur and sur-
rendered to Shaibani Khan, 4; 5;
retaken by Babur and again lost, 7;
Shah Jahan's aims against, 202-3
Sambawut, see Pyinsa, 476
Sambhal, taken by Khavass Khan,
helps to defeat him, 373; opposed
by Ahmad Shah, 386; invites Mara-
tha help against Bangash Pathans,
415, 430-1; fights Ghazi-ud-din, 415,
435-6; becomes minister, 428;
crushes Bangash Afghans, 429; de-
feated by Ahmad Khan, 430; re-
covers influence at court, 432; his
quarrel with Ahmad Shah of Delhi,
434; rebels, 435-6; departs to Oudh,
436; dies, 439; his tomb, 568
Safdar Khan Babi, 315
Safiyat-un-Nisa, 303
Saf Shikan Khan, 288
Sagaing, 497
Sagar (in Berad territory), 290
Sigar Singh of Mewar, 158
Saguna Bai, 409
Saharanpur, 322
Sahawar, 430
Sahib Dei (or Kumari Dula), 336
Sahibganj, 225
Sahibji, 240
Sa'id Khan Chaghatai, 139
Sa'id Khan Niyazi, 59
saifi, 21
St Anthony and St Nicholas, the, 501
Sakit, 83
Sakraval, 96 n. 1
Sakrigali, see Teliyagarhi, 225
Sakwar Bai, 409
Salabat Jang, succeeds Nasir Jang as
viceroy of Deccan, 387, 433; makes
alliance with Peshwa against Ghazi-
ud-din, 388, 410, 434; his character,
388; quarrels with Shah Nawaz
Khan, 389; seized by French, 390;
deposed by Nizam 'Ali, 391; 413
Salabat Khan (of Ahmadnagar), 137
Saladin, 524 n. 2
Salamis, 68
Salar Jang, 386
Sale, 452
Salher, 259
Salim, see Jahangir
Salima Begam, married (1) to Bai-
ram Khan, 73; (2) to Akbar, 78;
mother of Murad, 102; goes as pil-
grim to Mecca, 114; intercedes for
51; Khavass Khan murdered at, 59;
Ibrahim Shah flies to, 66; 71; occu-
pied by Khan Zaman, 73; 369; Ba-
bur's mosque at, 524
Sambhar, 81, 354; salt lake at, 450
Samdhara, 234
Samogarh, Aurangzib defeats Dara at,
213-14; 222, 223, 320; Farrukh-siyar
defeats Jahandar Shah at, 328-9
Samsam-ud-Daula, see Khvaja 'Asim,
331, 337
Samsam-ud-Daula, title of Shah Na-
waz Khan (q. v. ), 388
Samumistan, 166
Sanchod, 304
Sanda (Chandra), 476
Sandathudamma, king of Arakan, 480
Sandawiziya, king of Arakan, 482
Sandbags used in Rajputana, 54
Sandi, 439
Sandihkan mosque, 477
Sandoway, 476
Sandwip, 237, 478, 481
Sane, king of Burma, 499
Sangameshwar, 284
Sangamner, 189
Sangermano, 501 n. 2
Sangola, 284, 410, 411
Sangram, Akbar's musket, 98
Sangram Singh, see Rana Sanga
Sankosh, 233


## p. 682 (#724) ############################################

682
INDEX
Santaji Ghorpare, 291, 292, 293, 294,
295
Sunta Vijaya, 427
Sanyasis, 95
Sarang (Sultan), 86
Sarangpur, 16, 23, 52, 79, 354
Saraspur, 241
Sarbuland Khan, becomes Mubariz-
ul-Mulk, 337; 338; appointed vice-
roy of Gujarat, 350; his difficulties
there, 351, 398; dismissed, rebels
and is imprisoned, 352, 401; ap-
pointed to Allahabad, 355; collects
tribute for Nadir Shah, 362
Sardar Khan (‘Abdullah Pani), 289
Sardesai, 393
sardeshmukhi, in Bijapur and Gol-
conda, 273; in Carnatic, 276; promi-
sed by Husain 'Ali to Shahu, 338,
378, 395; in Gujarat, 398, 352; in
Hyderabad, 355; claimed by Baji
Rao for Deccan, 355; claimed in
Bengal, 368; relinquished in Hyde-
rabad, 379; in Deccan and defini-
tion of, 392 and n. 1; granted by
Farrukh-siyar, 395; by Muhammad
Shah, 396
Sardeshpandya, office of claimed by
Baji Rao for Deccan, 355
Sarfaraz Khan, 'Ala-ud-Daula, be-
comes viceroy of Bengal, 364; dis-
placed and killed by 'Ali Vardi
Khan, 365
Sar-i-Pul, 4
sarkar, 56
Sarkar, J. N. , 217 n. 2, 236 n. 1; on
Panipat campaign, 417 n. 1; on
armies at Panipat, 419 n. 2, 422 n.
1; on Hindu caste restrictions affec-
ting battle, 423
1; on agh
pirates, 479 n. 2, 481 n. 2
Sarkhej, 133
Sarkhel, or admiral, 394
Sarmad, 232
Sarnal, 105, 118
Sarola, 387
Saru Taqi, 199
Sasaram, 45, 48, 49; Sur tombs at, 526
Saswad, 396
Satara, Shivaji ill at, 276; 294; 298;
taken by Aurangzib, 297; Shahu
crowned at, 392; residence of Tara
Bai, 401; rivalled by Poona, 407;
Ram Raja crowned at, 410; seized
by Tara Bai, 411
Satgaon, 112, 190, 191
sati, condemned by Akbar, 131, 132;
forbidden by Jahangir, 181; by
Shah Jahan, 217; forbidden by
Aurangzib, 231; of Sakwar Bai, 410
Satnami rising, 243-4
Saturday Palace, 407
Saulat Jang, 367
Saulière, 493 n. 1
Savantvadi, 283
Savanur, 379, 389, 412
Sawan, 557
sawbwa (Shan chief), 487, 490, 515
Sayadaw Athwa, 503 n. 3, 508 n. 1
Sayyid Ahmad (Sir), 557
Sayyid am, 225
Sayyid brothers, support Farrukh-
siyar, 327; their quarrels with him,
333; overawe him, 334; decide to
stop his intrigues, 338; murder him
and set up Rafi -ud-Darajat, 339;
set up Rafi-ud-Daula and then Mu-
hammad Shah, 340; losing power to
Turani party, 341; quarrel over
spoils, try to recall Nizam-ul-Mulk,
342; their forces defeated
Shevgaon, 343; their alarm, and
conspiracy against them, 344; 364;
their influence in Rohilkhand ex-
tinguished, 369; 395; see also ‘Ab-
dullah Khan, Sayyid and Husain
'Ali, Sayyid
Sayyid Muhammad, 61
Sayyids, defined, 113; of Barha (q. v. ),
74 n. 1; of Bilgram, 430; Delhi dy-
nasty style of architecture, 525-6
Schouten, 481 n. 1
Scott on massacre at Delhi, 361 n. 2
Sehore, 349
Sehwan, 37, 38, 227
Selgur, 259
semini, 491
Sen, 392 n. 1
Senakarta defined, 393
near
n.


## p. 683 (#725) ############################################

INDEX
683
9
Senapati (commander-in-chief), 295,
392, 401, 402
Seoni, 314
Sera, 290, 301
Seraen, 140
Seram, 287
Seringapatam, 423 n. 1
Shadman, Raza Bahadur, Rustam-i-
Hind, 332
Shah 'Abbas I (of Persia), 137, 153,
157, 158; sends embassies to Jahan -
gir, 170; his death, 199; 262; his
buildings, 559
Shah 'Abbas II (of Persia), 203, 204,
229
Shah 'Alam (Mu'azzam, q. v. ), vice-
roy of Deccan, 256, 273; quarrels
with Dilir Khan, 258; recalled from
Deccan, 278; guards Ahmadnagar,
282; raids Konkan, 283; invades
Golconda, 286; settles terms of sub-
mission, 287; imprisoned for trying
to save Qutb Shah, 287-8; appointed
to govern north India, 296; succeeds
Aurangzib as Bahadur Shah (q. v. ),
Bihar, 172; completely defeated
seeks pardon, 173; again marches
north, 176; repelled in Sind returns
to Deccan, 177; proclaimed emperor,
183; his early problems, 184; his
plans for Deccan, 185-6; his griev-
ances against Portuguese, 191, 217;
forbids new Hindu temples, 192,
217; at Lahore, 194; in Bundel-
khand, 195; settles terms of allegi-
ance with Bijapur and Golconda,
196-7, 267; his embassies to Persia,
199; constructs canals, 201; aims at
conquest of Transoxiana, 202; cap-
tures Balkh, 203; founds new city,
205, 555; projects for conquest of
Deccan, failing health, 209; his seri-
ous illness, 211; shut up in Agra
fort by Aurangzib, 214; his lineage
and habits, 215; described by Roe,
his treatment of Afghans; 216; his
religious views, treatment of Hin-
dus and Christians, 217; his adnii-
nistration, 218; his õiplomacy and
artistic tastes, 219; a portrait of,
219 n. 1; his tastes in architecture
and literature, 220, 553; sends funds
to Dara, 223; in captivity, 232;
death, 233; his arrogance to rulers
in Deccan, 266; his land revenue
system, 467-8; his buildings at
Lahore, 560
Shah Jahan II (Rafi -ud-Daula), 340
Shah Jahan III, proclaimed emperor,
319
Shah Alam II, see 'Ali Gauhar, 448
Shahamat Khan, becomes Mubariz
Khan (q. v. ), 331, 349
Shaham Beg, 75
Shaham Khan Jalair, 81, 106, 114, 115,
128
Shahbaz Khan, 105, 127, 132, 141, 142
Shah Beg, 3, 6
Shah Beg Khan, Arghun (Khan Dau-
ran), 141
Shah Burj, 557
Shah Daula, 319
Shah Husain (of Sind), 25; resists
Humayun, 37, 38; helps him to
leave Sind, 40; aids Kamran to re-
cover Kabul, 41
Shahi Beg, see Shaibani Khan
Shah Jahan, formerly Khurram
(q. v. ), receives title, 165; repels at-
tacks by Malik 'Ambar in Deccan,
168, 261; makes terms, 169, 262; his
jealousy of Nur Jahan, 170; rebels
and defeated at Bilochpur, 171; his
temporary success in Bengal and
444; dethroned, 447
Shahjahanabad, name of Delhi (q. v. ),
206, 356
Shahji Bhonsle, joins Mughuls, 187;
offers services to Bijapur, 192, 265;
tries to help Daulatabad, 193; sets
up pretender to Ahmadnagar, 191,
266; to give up Junnar, 196; sur-
renders forts and enters Bijapur
service, 198, 267; 210; his rise, 256;
his forts, 267; obtains land in Car-
natic, 267, 268; arrested and con-
fined, 268; returns to Carnatic on
release, 269; death, 273
Shahji II (of Tanjore) submits to
Mughuls, 293


## p. 684 (#726) ############################################

684
INDEX
Shah Mansur, Khvaja, conspires
against Akbar, 126; suspended from
office, and executed, 127; as revenue
minister, 462
Shah Mirza, 94, 105, 106
Shah Mirza, see Mahmud Sultan, 95,
109
Shah Navaz Khan (governor of Gu-
jarat), 226, 227, 576
Shah Nawaz Khan, nephew of Zaka-
riya Khan, becomes governor of
Punjab, 370; intrigues with Ahmad
Shah Abdali and flies from him, 372
Shah Nawaz Khan, Samsam-ud-
Daula, author of Maasir-ul-umara,
383; his qualities as regent, 388; op-
posed by French, 389; killed, 390
Shah Pasand Khan, 422 and n. 2, 423
Shahpur (Bijapur), 190, 285
Shah Quli Khan Mahram, 72
Shahr Banu (Padishah Bibi), 255,
275, 277
Shahr-i-nau, 229
Shah Rukh Mirza (of Badakhshan),
expels Sulaiman, 115; takes refuge
with Akbar, 134; deputed against
Kashmir, 135; raises troops in Mal-
wa, 141; sent to Deccan, 142, 145
Shahryar, marries Ladli Begam, 168;
disputes with Shah Jahan, 171;
seized by Mahabat Khan, 175; be-
comes bald, 177; assumes imperial
title, but defeated and blinded, 183
Shah Shuja', unsuccessful in Deccan,
194, 226; rebels in Bengal, 211; de.
feated by Raja Jay Singh, 212; 215;
settles land revenue in Bengal, 218;
222; aims at Agra, 223; defeated at
Khajuha and in Bengal, 224-6; flies
to Arakan and killed there, 226,
480-1; 232; allows English to trade
in Bengal, 306-7, 308; his followers
in Arakan, 482
Shah Tahmasp, 40
Shahu, detained in Aurangzib's camp,
247, 284, 366, 392; promised recog-
nition of Husain 'Ali, 338; 365; his
desire for peace with Mughuls, 378;
his weak authority, 379; estranged
from Asaf Jah, takes refuge
in Purandar, 381; restored by Ba-
hadur Shah, 392; his early difficul-
ties, 393; his treaty with Farrukh-
siyar, 395; aids Nizam against Mu-
bariz Khan, 399; attacked by Nizam,
attains independence, 400; recon-
ciled to Shambhuji II, 401; his
death, character and wills, 408-9;
allowed Peshwas to usurp power,
412
Shahu II adopted by Ram Raja, 411
Shah Wali Khan, 422 and n. 2, 423
Shahzada Khanum, 102
Shaiban Khan of Golden Horde, 97
Shaibani Khan, grandson of Abu-'l-
Khair Khan, 3; becomes master of
Transoxiana, marries Babur's sister,
4, 202; threatens Balkh, 5; takes
Herat and attacks Qandahar, quar-
rels with Shah Isma'il, 6; divorces
Babur's sister, is succeeded by
Ubaid-ullah Khan, 7
Shaikh 'Ala'i, see 'Ala'i
Shaikh Budh, 62, 63
Shaikh Gadai, 76
Shaikh Hasan, 61
Shaikh Phul, 32
Shaikh Salim Chishti, see Salim Chi-
shti, 102
Shaikhs defined, 113
Shaikh-ul-Islam, 288
Shakarkhelda, battle at, 350, 377
Shalamar, near Delhi, 361; at Lahore
and in Kashmir, 549
Shaligram, 427 n. 1
Shambhuji I, 252, 258; in disgrace,
flies to Dilir Khan, 278; succeeds
Shivaji, 279; his succession dispu-
ted by Raja Ram, 281; shelters
Akbar and invades Portuguese ter-
ritory, 282; captured and killed, 284,
366; results of his fall, 290; 335
Shambhuji II (of Kolhapur), Mara-
tha pretender, 295, 353, 392; sup-
ported by Asaf Jah, 380, 400; pro-
claimed at Poona, marries and
abandoned, 381; his rebellion crush-
ed, 401; possible heir to Shahu, 409
Shamsher Bahadur, illegitimate son
of Baji Rao, 407, 417, 425


## p. 685 (#727) ############################################

INDEX
685
Shamsher Bahadur, title of Gaikwar
Farid Khan), 45; has charge of two
parganas, 46; quarrels with rela-
tions, employed by Babur but lea-
ves him, 47; acquires Chunar, sub-
mits to Mahmud Lodi, 49; gains
Rohtas, 50; defeats Humayun at
Chausa, assumes royal title, wins
battle near Kanauj, expels Huma-
yun from India, 51; his govern-
ment of Bengal, improvements at
Agra, attack on Puran Mal, 52; or-
ders massacre
at Raisen, spares
the Langahs, invades Rajputana,
54; defeats Maldeo, besieges Kalin-
jar and dies, his character, 55; ad-
ministration, 56; builder and road-
maker, buried at Sasaram, 57; 357;
his revenue system, 456-8; his
tomb, 526-8
Sher Khan, son of Adil Shah, 81
Sher Khan Fuladi in Gujarat, 101,
106
Sher Khan Tarin, 199
Sher Khvaja, 145
Shevgaon, battle near, 343; treaty
between Asaf Jah and Marathas at,
381
Shiah sect, 122, 232; inscriptions at
Bijapur erased, 286; Irani party
of Baroda, 398
Shamsher Khan, 64
Shamsher Khan (Muhammad
Ya'qub), 238
Shams Khan, 322, 323
Shams-ud-din Khan becomes Atga
Khan, 74
Shams-ud-din, Khvaja, 140
Shankaraji Malhar, 291, 395
Shans, in Assam, 233; overrun Akyab,
476; migration ceases, 482; unable
to unite, 482; states annexed by
Bayinnaung, 486; Burmese against
Siamese, 487; burial customs
of, 487; Gwes take refuge
with, 505; in Alaungpaya's army,
507, 508, 509; in Hsinbyushin's
army, 514; aid Siamese against
Burmese, 514; tributary to both
China and Burma, 516
Shansabanids, 45
Shanwar Wada, 407; described, 413
Sharaf-ud-din Husain, Mirza, 82, 85,
98, 106
Share of produce, 453
Sharif Khan, 74, 94, 100
Sharing, 454, 468
Shar'iyat-ullah Khan, see Mir Jumla
Sharza Khan (later Rustam Khan),
254, 256, 276, 284, 291, 313
shast, 131
Shayista Khan, fights Marathas, 199;
receives title Khan Jahan, 208;
takes Chittagong, 229, 236-7, 481;
his campaign against Shivaji, 253,
254; occupies Poona, 257; seizes
English factories, 308; as viceroy in
Bengal, 311
Sher Afgan (‘Ali Quli), 160, 163
Sher Khan (or Shah), 21; makes
terms with Humayun, 22; holds
south Bihar, 28; advances into Ben-
gal, 29, 50; gains south Bihar and
Benares, 30, 50; defeats Humayun
at Chausa, 33; expels Mughul gov-
ernor from Bengal, advances to
meet Humayun near Kanauj, 34;
defeats him in battle, 35; follows
him to Punjab, 36; parentage (as
belonged to, 331
Shiah-Sunni dissensions, 6, 19, 40, 74,
76, 79; at Akbar's court, 114; in
army in Bengal, 115; between Mu-
ghuls and Bijapur, 197; Shah 'Ab-
bas II and Aurangzib, 229; over
extinction of Golconda kingdom,
288; under Bahadur Shah, 324; Saf-
dar Jang's hatred of Afghans, 429;
Safdar Jang and Ghazi-ud-din, 435
Shibarghan, 203
Shihab-ud-din Ahmad Khan, gover-
nor of Agra, 77; jealous of Atga
Khan 83; sent against Mirzas and
in Malwa, 97; in charge of crown
lands, 100; governor of Gujarat,
119; 133
Shihab-ud-din Ghori, 14
Shihab-ud-din Khan, 282
shiqqdar, 56
Shiranis, 239


## p. 686 (#728) ############################################

686
INDEX
crowns
Shish Mahall, at Agra, 554; at Lahore, 440; his aims on Bengal etc. , 413;
555
aids Najib-ud-Daula against Mara-
Shitthaung, 478
th 14; joins Abdali, 447; again
Shivaji, encroaches on Mughulter-
becomes minister, 448
ritory, 210; escapes from Agra, 236; Shuja'-ud-din Muhammad Khan be-
conquers Carnatic, 240, 276; Mug- comes viceroy of Bengal as Shuja'-
hul conmmanders against 253;
ud-Daula, 364
aids Jay Singh against Bijapur, Shukartar, 444
254; his early history, 256, 268; 0C- Shukr-un-Nisa Begam, 102
cupies Konkan, raids Poona, 257; shuturnal (camel guns), 424
sacks Surat, encircled by Jay Singli, Shway Yoe, 488
visits Agra, again opposes Mughuls, Shwebo, villages settled with Portu-
258, 273, 279; his greatest successes, guese captives, 495; birthplace of
himself Chhatrapati, his Alaungpaya, 504; French prisoners
death, 259, 279, 366; his capture of settled in, 506; supplied with water,
Torna, 268; murders Chandra Rao, 509; 511; Alaungpaya buried at,
builds Partabgarh, 269; attacked by 512; capital moved from, 513
Bijapur, kills Afzal Khan, 272; Shwebotha, 507
assumes title of raja, 273, 275; and Shwedagon, 483, 490, 499, 505, 515;
obtains chauth in Bijapur, 273; or- embellished by Hsinbyushin, 519
ganises his government, 274; raids Shwedaung, 478
Bijapur and Berar, 275; settles Shwekyathein, 480
Carnatic, 277, 291; his character, Shweli, 516
278; his domiinions, 279; his love Shwemawdaw, 490, 508
of literature, 426
Shwenaungbin, 516, 517
Shivaji II, 295, 392
Shwesandaw, 519
Shivner, 395
Shwesettaw, 497
Sholapur, in dispute between Ahmad- Shwezigon, 487, 516, 519
nagar and Bijapur, 188, 263; 190, Siadat Khan, 301
occupied by Khan Dauran, but res- Sialkot, 12
tored to Bijapur, 267
Siam, Siamese, invaded by Tabinsh-
Shorapur, 256
wehti, 483-4; by Bayinnaung, 468;
Shova Singh, 311
rebel near Pegu, 492; resist Nanda-
Shridhar, 427
bayin, 493; hold Tenasserim, 494,
Shrinivas Rao, Maratha minister, 379 495, 500; raid Syriam and Pegu.
Shripat Rao, 379, 401
499; invaded by Alaungpaya, 510,
Shrivardhan, 393
its independence, 513; invaded by
Shuja', see Shah Shuja'
Hsinbyushin, 513-16; expel Bur-
Shuja'at Khan (Kar Talab Khan),
303, 304
Sidi, the chief of Janjira, 394, 404
Shuja'at Khan (Muhammad Ma'sum), Sidi, 507
350, 351
Sidi 'Ali Ra'is, 69
Shuja'at Khan (or Ra'dandaz), 239
Sidi Mas'ud, see Mas'ud Khan, Sidi
Shuja'at Khan Sur, 59, 60
(of Bijapur)
Shuja'-ud-Daula, Nawab Vazir, suc- Sihonda, 188
ceeds Safdar Jang, 418; inclined Sikandar (or Ulugh Mirza), 94
towards peace with Marathas, 420; Sikandarabad, 416, 446, 447
at Panipat, 422; cremates Vishvas Sikandar 'Adil Shah (of Bijapur),
Rao's body, 424; becomes Nawab 255, 274, 275, 286
of Oudh, 439; receives 'Ali Gauhar, Sikandar Lodi, 9, 45, 241
mese, 520


## p. 687 (#729) ############################################

INDEX
687
9
9
Sikandar Shah Sur, assumes royal
title, 66; opposes Mughul army near
Sirhind, 67; defeats and flies to
Himalayas, 68; still maintains army,
70; attacks Mughuls but surrenders
and dies, 73
Sikandra, Akbar buried at, 153; his
tomb, 179, 548, 549-51; attacked by
Jats, 305
Sikhs, origin, tenets and growth, 244-
5; opposition to Islam, 245-7; re-
volt against Bahadur Shah, 322-4;
suppression of under Farrukh-
siyar, 335-6; resist oppression, 437;
assist Adina Beg Khan, 445
Sikri, see Fathpur Sikri
Silahdi (Silah-ud-din), 16
Silk, 307, 317, 487, 501, 509
Silversmiths, 509
Simla-garh, 234
Sinan, 524
Sind, 25; Humayun's experiences in,
37-9; annexed by Akbar, 137; Dara
Shukoh in, 223; land revenue of,
464; tile industry of, 560; architec-
ture in, 568-70
Sin-dagh, 437 and n. 1
Sindkhed, 380, 389
Singaung, 517
Singu, king of Burma, 520-1, 522
Sinhgarh (formerly Kondhana), 267
n. 1, 268; Raja Ram dies at, 295;
296; taken by Aurangzib, 298; Tara
Bai at, 410; celebrated in ballads,
427
Sinsani, 305, 306
Sipah-salar (commander-in-chief),
title of 'Abdullah Khan, Sayyid
(q. v. ), 331
Sipihr Shukoh, 227
Sira, 279
Siraj-ud-Daula, 364, 442, 443
Sirhind, 9, 35, 58, 59, 65, 67, 71; sacked
by Sikhs, 322; occupie dby Ahmad
Shah Abdali, 372
Sirchi, 104
Sironj, 306, 313, 342, 356, 357
Sir Roger Dowler, 364 n. 2
Sirsi; 59
Sisodia Rajputs, 248, 249, 250, 252
Sitiaurg, 508
Siwara, 304
Siyar-ul-Mutaakhkhirin, 418 n. 2, 423,
425 n. 1, 433 n. 3
Skardo, 206
Slavery, slaves, Mughul slaves taken
by Portuguese, 191; imported from
Abyssinia, 317, Maratha prisoners
enslaved after Panipat, 424; taken
from Bengal by Magh pirates, 479;
Shans enslaved by Bayinnaung,
487; settled by Thalun on land,
496; Burmese enslaved by Chinese,
497; shipwrecked crews enslaved
by Burmese, 501; customary
among races of Indo-China, 506;
Siamese enslaved by Burmese, 515
Sleeman, W. , 564
Slipper-bearer, 398 n. 1
Smim Htaw, 485-6
Smim Htaw Buddhaketi, 503
Smith, S. , 499 n. 2, 511 n. 1
Smith, V. A. , 83, 96 n. 1, 101, 103 n. 1;
on Akbar's mysticism, 120; on the
Din-i-Ilahi, 131; on Mughul art,
178; 476 n. 1
Soghor, 305
Sojat, 249, 304
Som, 323
Somnath, 242, 542
Son, 31
Sonargaon, 57; renamed Jahangir-
nagar,
190
Sondip, see Sandwip
Songarh, 381, 398
Sonnerat, 501 nn. 1 and 2
Sonpat, 322, 359
Sonpet, 143
Sonta, 508
Soron, 349
Sousa, Firia y, 484 n. 1, 489 n. 2, 498
n. 1, 495 n. 1
Spalato, 556
Spice Islands, 317
Spices, 317
Srighat, 234
Srinagar (Garhwal), 207, 228
Subarnarekha as boundary, 443
subas (provinces) of Aurangzib, 315-
16


## p. 688 (#730) ############################################

688
INDEX
>
Subhanji, 297
Sufi, Sufism, 119, 120, 130, 210, 217
n. 2; banned by Aurangzib, 232
Sugarcane, 460, 468
Sukhotai, 488
Sukkur, 570
Sulaiman Kararani (of Bengal), 90,
92, 99, 108, 110
Sulaiman Khan (Sur), 45, 46
Sulaiman Mirza (of Badakhshan),
41; besieges Kabul, 71; again mar-
ches on Kabul, 85; marries his
daughter to Muhammad Hakim, 86;
loses his country, visits Akbar and
departs for Mecca, 115; his dis-
putes with Shah Rukh, 134
Sulaiman Shukoh, 211, 215, 222, 227,
228
sul-ghul, 12
sulh-i-kull, 76, 153
Sultan, Shaikh, 144
Sultan Ahmad Khan, 3
Sultan Husain (Mir Malang), 301
Sultan Husain Baiqara, 1, 3, 5
Sultan Khvaja, 121, 123
Sultan Mahmud Khan, 3
Sultan Muhammad (son of Aurang-
zib), see Muhammad Sultan
Sultan Muhammad (Bihar Khan), 46,
47
Sultan Murad, see Murad, prince, 102
Sultanpur (Punjab), 11, 322
Sultanpur (in Deccan), 268
Sumatra, 309
Sundar Das, Maha Kavi Rai, 220
Sunni sect, 122; resent Shiah inno-
vation, 324; see also Shiah-Sunni
dissensions
Supa, 268
supari, 422
Sur (tribe) 45, 47; tombs, 528
Surajah Dowlah, see Siraj-ud-Daula,
364 and n. 2
Suraj Mal (Jat), against Bangash
Afghans, 415, 431; joins Marathas
against Abdali, 418, 447; abandons
them, 418; aids fugitives from Pani-
pat, 425; defeats Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang,
432; assists Safdar Jang's rebellion,
435; threatened by Marathas, 436;
attacked by Ahmad Shah Abdali,
438-9; shelters Ghazi-ud-din, 445
Surat, English and Dutch at, 219;
Dara Shukoh at, 226; sacked by
Shivaji, 258; first factory at, 306;
President and Council of, 307;
President transferred to Bombay
from, 308-9; English imprisoned at,
309; its importance for trade, 316
Surhurpur, 91
Surjan Rai, Raja, 77, 80, 99, 101
Surja Rao, 389
Surkhab, 239
Susa, 556
Suttee, see sati
suyurghal, 465
Swally, 309
swarajya, 395, 396, 400
Swat, 134, 135, 238
Symes, 479 n. 3, 502 n. 1, 517 n. 1
Syriam, 478; important port, 491;
taken by Arakanese, 493; held by
De Brito, 494; taken by Anaukpet-
lun, European factories at, 495;
501; raided by Siamese, 499; mas-
sacre of Burmese by Talaings at,
503; French at, 505; French expel-
led from, 506; burnt by Alaungpaya,
507
9
on
tabinan, 316
Tabinshwehti, king of Toungoo, har-
asses Arakan, 477; attacks lower
Burma, 482; annexes Pegu, attacks
Arakan, 483; invades Siam, employs
Talaings, 484; murdered, 485; his
dynasty overthrown by Talaings,
503
Taboo shedding royal blood,
499 n. 1
Taffetas, 307
Tahavvur Khan, 248, 250, 251, 252
Tahmasp I of Persia, 349
Tahmasp II of Persia, 349; exiled, 367
Taj Khan Kararani, 64, 65, 99, 112
Taj Mahall, 220, 561-6, 567
Takayutpi, 483
Talaban, 507, 508, 512
Talaings, interfere in Arakan,. 477;
royal guards in Arakan, 479; lose


## p. 689 (#731) ############################################

689
3
Tatar Khan Sarangkhani, 15
Tatta, 38; Shah Jahan defeated at,
177; mosque at, 220, 569-70; 223;
tombs at, 569
Tavernier, 271, 565, 566 and n. 1
Tavoy, 483, 509, 510
Taw Sein Ko, 519 n. 2
Taxation, under Aurangzib, 231, 241,
INDEX
Talaings (continued)
Pegu, 482; favoured by Tabinsh-
wehti, 484; rebel under Smim
Htaw, 485; crushed by Bayinnaung.
486; employed by him, 490; rebel,
ill-treated by Nandabayin and
migrate to Siam, 492; support De
Brito, 494; driven from Pegu by
Thalun, 496; law of inheritance,
497; fresh migration to Siam, 498;
conquer upper Burma, 503-4; de-
feated by Alaungpaya, 504-5; try
to retake Rangoon, 505; attacked
by Alaungpaya, 507; finally defea-
ted and dispersed, 508; 510; re-
fugees in Siam, 511; 513; rebel, 519
talati, 452 n. 1
Talegaon Dhamdhera, 387
taluq, 243
taluqas, 474
Talwandi, 223
Tamerlane, see Timur
Tamu, 509
Tanaji Malusre, 427
Tanda, captured by Mun‘im Khan,
112; headquarters of Mughuls in
Bengal, 114; 116; defended by Shu-
ja', 225, 226
Taninganwe, king of Burma, 499
Tanjore, threatened by Zu-'l-Fiqar,
293; Maratha kingdom of, 384, 408
Taping, 517
Taqarrub Khan, 321, 330
Tara Bai, places Shivaji II on throne,
295, 392; removed from adminis-
tration, 392; retires to Satara, 401;
sets up Ram Raja, 409-10; impri-
sons and denounces him, 410-11;
412
Taraori, 359
Tarbila, 10
Tarbiyat Khan, 229
Tardi Beg, 26, 27, 71, 75
Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3, 19, 20
Tarikh-un-Navaitah, 369 n. 1
Tashkent, 4, 19
Tatar Khan Kashi, 67
Tatar Khan (Lodi), 9; attacks Mu-
ghuls, 22; raids Agra, defeated and
slain, 23
242; local and central sources, 449
Tegh Bahadur, Guru, 245
Telingana, 186
Teliyagarhi, forced by Sher Khan,
29; held by Jalal Khan, 50; cap-
tured by Mun‘im Khan, 112; held
by rebels against Todar Mal, 126;
taken by Khan A'zam, 132; held
briefly by Shuja', 225
Tembhumi, 144
Temple, Sir R. , 396, 407, 522 n. 1
Temples, newly built destroyed by
Shah Jahan, 192; turned into mos-
ques by Aura zib, 241-3; of Sikhs
destroyed, 245; destroyed in Mal-
wa, 312, 313; architecture of, 547
Tenasserim, invaded by Anaukpet-
lun, 495; held by Siamese, 500;
taken by Alaungpaya, 510
Tennant, 480 n. 3
Tenures, 452
Thabeiktaung, 476
Thalner, buildings at, 575
Thalun, king of Burma succeeds, 496;
his character and administration,
496-7
Thamada, king of Arakan, 482
Thana (near Bombay), 404, 405
Thana (near Calcutta), 308
Thanesar, battle between devotees at,
95; 322
Tharagon, 482
Thaungdut, 509
Thekyamanaung, 480
Themistocles, 68
Thihadaw, 521
Thihapate, 514, 515, 520
Thinganet, 482
Thirithudamma, king of Arakan, 479
thissaye, holy water, 504
Thorat, 380
Thun, 338, 348
44


## p. 690 (#732) ############################################

690
INDEX
rabad, Khudabad and Sukkur, 570;
of Muhammad 'Adil Shah I, 571-2;
of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II, 573; of
Nasir Khan Faruqi, of Miran Mu-
barak Shah, 575; of Shah Nawaz
Khan, 576
Tooth, see Buddha Tooth
Torna, 268, 294, 296, 298
Toungoo dynasty, 482-504; vassal
king of, 490; with Arakan invades
Pegu, 493; taken by Anaukpetlun,
494; by Talaings, 503; dynasty over-
thrown by Talaings, 503
Trade, Roe's negotiations for, 162-3,
167; importance of Qandahar for,
170; Portuguese from Hoogly, 190;
hindered by Shah Jahan's build-
ing new Delhi, 206; Shah Jahan's
restrictions on, 218; transport dues
on abolished by Aurangzib, 231;
English factories and nature of, 306;
disputes with Mughuls, 307-9; Eu-
ropean at Surat penalised for pi-
racy, 310-11; English and Dutch in
Bengal, 311; between N. and S.
India held up by Marathas, 313;
value and nature of Mughul and
English, 316-17; rights granted to
English by Marathas in Deccan,
406; of Arakan, 480; in Burma
under Bayinnaung, 491; at Mergui,
500; at Syriam, 501
Transoxiana, held by Timurids, 1-3;
invaded by Shaibani Khan, 4;
Babur finally abandons, 8; Akbar's
design to conquer, 134; Jahangir's
plans against, 181; Janid chief of
invades Kabul, 184; changes in and
Shah Jahan's plans against, 202
Treachery of officers, 358, 375
Trichinopoly, taken by Nizam from
Raghuji, 368, 384; its previous
thwethauk, 490, 495
Tibet invaded by Mughuls, 198-9;
for Little Tibet, see Baltistan
tika, 230
Tilak, 64
Tiles, glazed, 559-60, 569
Tilpat, 243
Tilsit, 318
Tilwara, 78
Timur, 1, 2, 3, 9, 18, 297
Timur Shah Abadali, viceroy at La-
hore, 416, 445; marries Delhi prin-
cess, 438
Tin, 500-1
Tipam, 235
Tirmiz, 203
Tiruvannamalai, 276
Tobacco, 317
Tod, 101
Toda Bhim, 344
Todar Mal (Raja), in expedition
against Uzbegs, 93; revises land
revenue in Gujarat, 109, 396; be-
comes assistant minister 1573 and
minister 1582, 110; campaigns in
Bengal 112, 113; with Khan Jahan
in Bengal, 115, 116; defeats rebels
in Gujarat, 118; his strict religious
views, 119; attacks rebels in Bihar
and Bengal, 126; retrieves position
against Yusufzais, 135; death of,
138; as revenue minister, 459, 461,
462; in Bengal, 464
tola, 235
Tolls, 449 n. 1
Tombs, of 'Isa Khan, of Adham Khan,
of Sher Shah, of Hasan Khan, 526-
8; of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq, of
the Lodis, 527; of Islam Shah, of
Muhammad 'Adil Shah, 528, 571; of
Humayun, Muhammad Ghaus; of
Timur, Bibi Khanum, Sikandar
Lodi, 534; of Safi-ud-din, 535; of
Atga Khan, 535; of Akbar, 549-51;
of Jahangir, 551-2; of Khan Kha-
nan, 552; of I'timad-ud-Daula, 552-
3; of 'Ali Mardan Khan, of Afzal
Khan, 561; Taj Mahall, 561-6; of
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567; of Safdar
Jang, 568; at Tatta, 569; at Haida-
capture by Raghuji, 384, 408
Trimbak (fort), 395
Trimbak (person), 298
Trimbak (place), 196
Trimbak Rao Dabhade, 382, 400,
401-2
Trimbak Sadashiy Purandhare, 417
Tuar (Rajputs), 116


## p. 691 (#733) ############################################

INDEX
691
Tufal Khan, 82
Tughluqabad, 71, 527
Tukaram, 221, 426
Tukaroi, 113
tulghama, 12
Tuljapur, 409
Tupayon, 499
tura, 12
Turani (or Mughul) party, decline
support to A'zam, 319; desert Kam
Bakhsh, 321; kept in background
by Bahadur Shah, 325; desert Rafi'
-ush-Shan, 326; passive at Samo-
garh, 328-9; its leaders and soldiers,
331; gaining strength under Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 341; combine with Iranis
against Sayyids, 344; Muhammad
Shah opposes it, 351; opposes com-
promise with Marathas, 335; plot
against, 363; appoints 'Azim-ullah
Khan to Malwa, 365; slighted by
Muhammad Shah, 366; 370
Turkey, at war with Shah 'Abbas,
Ulugh (or Sikandar) Mirza, 94
Uma Bai, 411
'Umarkot, 39
'Umar Shaikh Mirza, 2, 3, 4, 94
'Umdat-ul-Mulk (Amir Khan), vice-
roy of Allahabad, 363; appears at
court, 368; opposes 'Ali Muham-
mad Khan, 370; annoys Muham-
mad Shah and murdered, 371
Ummid 'Ali, 86
Umrao Singh, 109
Und, 238
ung-ghul, 12
Urganj, 229
'Usman Khan, 161
Ustad 'Isa, 562
Uzbegs, 4, 6, 7, 8; besiege Balkh, 11;
aid Kamran to invade Badakhshan,
41; 42; in Akbar's service rebel, 91,
92; defeated and pardoned, 93;
messages to Muhammad Hakim,
94; again rebel, 95; defeated near
Kara, 96; threaten Qandahar, 141;
trouble the Turks, 199; threaten
Kabul, 202; defeated by Murad
Bakhsh, 203; and by Aurangzib,
204; threaten Ghazni, 206
158; and with successor, 199; rela-
tions with Shah Jahan, 219; with
Aurangzib, 229
Turki, 344
Turkish Sultana, 542
Turktaz Khan, 381
"Twelve Mavals”, 382
'Ubaid-ullah, see Mir Jumla
'Ubaid-ullah Khan, 3, 7
Uchalan, 367
Udaipur sacked by Mughuls, 98; Rana
of submits to Shah Jahan, 207;
temples at destroyed, 242, 249; see
also Mewar
Udaji Chauhan, 401
Udaji Powar, 398, 402
Udapur, 381
Uday Singh of Chitor, 55, 82, 97, 98
Udgir, 196, 390, 417
Uighur Khan, 239, 305
Ujjain, 26, 52, 66; besieged by Mirzas,
99
Ujjainiya Rajputs, 172, 201
'Ulama defined, 113
Ulugh Beg, 3, 5
Ulugh Mirza, 94
Vaijapur, 187
Vajragarh (Rudramal), 258
Vakil-i-mutlaq, 325, 386
Valentyn, 480 n. 4
Valuation of empire, 461-2
Valudavur, 387
Vangi, 210
Vasantgarh, 273
Vazir Khan (brother of Asaf Khan),
93, 94, 118, 119
Vazir Khan (of Sultanpur), 322
Vedanta, 217 n. 2
Vellore, 276, 279, 293
Venkanna (or Akkanna), 274, 276
Verroneo, G. , 562
Vesali, 476
Vidyapur, 340
Viengchang (Linzin), 486, 514
Vijayadurg, 394
Vijayanagar, 9
Vikramaditya, title assumed by Himu,
72


## p. 692 (#734) ############################################

692
INDEX
Vikramajit, 13
Wood, 503 n. 4
Village, 451
Woollen cloth, 317
Vingurla, 283
Wroughton, 480 n. 1
Vishalgarh (Khelna), 275, 293, 296; wungyi (minister), 489
taken by Aurangzib, 298
Vishvanath, 242
Xavier, Jerome, 141
Vishvas Rao, invades Hyderabad ter-
Xenophon, 19
ritory, 389; in army against Abdali, Yadavas, 426
417, 446; 418; at Panipat, 422 ad Yadgar Mirza (of Kashmir), 140
n. 2; wounded and killed, 424
Yadgar Nasir (or Mirza), at Kalpi,
Vithal Rao, 440
31; at Delhi, 32; defeats Qutb Khan,
Vithal Shivdeo Vinchurkar, 417
34; 35; attacks Sehwan, 37; intri-
Vithoba, 426
gues with Shah Husain, 38-9; exe-
Vyakarna, 513
cuted, 41
Vyankaji (or Ekoji), 256, 403
Yahkaingminthami-egyin, 477
Ya'qub Khan, 135, 136, 138
Wa, 503
Yaqut, 147, 148
wagnakh, 272
Yaman, 229
Wagingera, 296, 298-9, 301, 321
Yashwant Rao Powar, 402, 418
Wais Mirza, see Khan Mirza
Yaw, 521
Wala Jah, 320
Yawnghwe, 487, 497
Wala Tabar, 332
Yazamanisula, 497
Wali, 15
Yazawwingyi, 500
Wandan, 298
Yazdani, 165 n. 2
Wandiwash, 290, 291, 293
Yun, 487
Wardhangarh, 298
Yung-li, 497, 499
Wareru, 486
Yunnan, 497, 499, 516, 518
Warfare, sandbags used in Rajputa- Yusuf 'Adil Shah, 271
na, 54; Indian and European me- Yusuf Khan Mirza, 95, 140
thods of contrasted, 385, 390; Yusuf Shah (of Kashmir), expelled,
change in Maratha methods of, 417; 124; summoned by Akbar, 135;
Rohilla methods at Panipat, 423; surrenders, 136; receives small
Hindu food restrictions affect, 423
post in Bihar, 138; besieges Seraen,
140, 154
Warna, treaty of, 401
Yusufzais, 10, 134, 135, 136, 137; at-
Warry, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
tacks Mughuls, 238; crushed by
wasi, 324
Aurangzib, 239
watan (hereditary holding), 414
Water-carrier of Chausa, 33, 44
Zabardast Khan, 312
Watson, 394
Zabauk Shah, king of Arakan, 477
wazan, 239
Zafar Jang, title of 'Abdullah Khan,
Wazirabad, 359
Sayyid (q. v. ), 331
Wazir Khan, 561
Zafar Jang, title of Salabat Jang, 387
Weights and measures, 490
Zahid Beg, 31
Vendel, X. , on Jats, 305
Zain Khan Kuka, 117, 135, 136, 137
White, 500 and n. 3
Zain-ul-Haqq, Shaikh, 302
Whitehead, R. B. , 180 nn. 1 and 2
Zakariya Khan, appointed to Punjab,
White Horse, 504
363; surrenders 'Azim-ullah Khan,
Wilks, 369 n. 1
366; sends son to court, 368; dies,
Wine, 317
370
n. 1
2


## p. 693 (#735) ############################################

INDEX
603
zakat, 316
Zamana Beg, see Mahabat Khan, 156
Zamaniya, 90, 111
Zaqqum zar, 166
Zenyaungbin, 507
Zetuwadi, 507
Zib-un-Nisa, 252, 302
zimma, 240
Zinamanaung, 480
Zinat-un-Nisa, 302
Zoroastrian tenets, 121
Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang (Sadat Khan), 372;
becomes Amir-ul-Umara, 428; sent
to Ajmer, 431; embroiled with
Jodhpur, 432; loses position, 433;
joins Safdar Jang in civil war, 435
Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan (I'tiqad Khan), be-
sieges Raigarh, 284; unsuccessful
at Gingee, 292; takes Gingee, 293;
receives title of Nusrat Jang, 296;
298; 299; 301; a leader of Irani
party and supports A'zam Shah,
319; escapes from battle in Jajau,
320; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
fights Sikh rebels, 323; his intri-
gues at death of Bahadur Shah,
325; supports Jahandar Shah and
becomes minister, 326; fails in bat-
tle against Farrukh-siyar, 328;
retires to Delhi, 329; submits to
Farrukh-siyar, but strangled, 330-
1; advices restoration of Shahu, 392
Zu-'n-Nun Arghun, 3


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate I

日​回
​1. Delhi, Jamali Masjid (cir. 1530)

lesenza dubsmalt
ASE
2. Delhi, Tomb of Isa Khan (1547)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate II

fins
3. Delhi, Tomb of Adham Khan (dec. 1561)
4. Sasaram, Tomb of Hasan Khan Sur (cir. 1540)


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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV

Plate III
5.